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Cheng Y, Qu Z, Jiang Q, Xu T, Zheng H, Ye P, He M, Tong Y, Ma Y, Bao A. Functional Materials for Subcellular Targeting Strategies in Cancer Therapy: Progress and Prospects. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2305095. [PMID: 37665594 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202305095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapies have made significant progress in cancer treatment. However, tumor adjuvant therapy still faces challenges due to the intrinsic heterogeneity of cancer, genomic instability, and the formation of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Functional materials possess unique biological properties such as long circulation times, tumor-specific targeting, and immunomodulation. The combination of functional materials with natural substances and nanotechnology has led to the development of smart biomaterials with multiple functions, high biocompatibilities, and negligible immunogenicities, which can be used for precise cancer treatment. Recently, subcellular structure-targeting functional materials have received particular attention in various biomedical applications including the diagnosis, sensing, and imaging of tumors and drug delivery. Subcellular organelle-targeting materials can precisely accumulate therapeutic agents in organelles, considerably reduce the threshold dosages of therapeutic agents, and minimize drug-related side effects. This review provides a systematic and comprehensive overview of the research progress in subcellular organelle-targeted cancer therapy based on functional nanomaterials. Moreover, it explains the challenges and prospects of subcellular organelle-targeting functional materials in precision oncology. The review will serve as an excellent cutting-edge guide for researchers in the field of subcellular organelle-targeted cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxiang Cheng
- Department of Gynecology, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, No.238 Jiefang Road, Wuchang, Wuhan, 430060, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Qu
- Department of Blood Transfusion Research, Wuhan Blood Center (WHBC), HUST-WHBC United Hematology Optical Imaging Center, No.8 Baofeng 1st Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, P. R. China
| | - Qian Jiang
- Department of Blood Transfusion Research, Wuhan Blood Center (WHBC), HUST-WHBC United Hematology Optical Imaging Center, No.8 Baofeng 1st Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, P. R. China
| | - Tingting Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Wuhan Blood Center (WHBC), No.8 Baofeng 1st Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, P. R. China
| | - Hongyun Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, No.238 Jiefang Road, Wuchang, Wuhan, 430060, P. R. China
| | - Peng Ye
- Department of Pharmacy, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, No.238 Jiefang Road, Wuchang, Wuhan, 430060, P. R. China
| | - Mingdi He
- Department of Blood Transfusion Research, Wuhan Blood Center (WHBC), HUST-WHBC United Hematology Optical Imaging Center, No.8 Baofeng 1st Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, P. R. China
| | - Yongqing Tong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, No.238 Jiefang Road, Wuchang, Wuhan, 430060, P. R. China
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Blood Transfusion Research, Wuhan Blood Center (WHBC), HUST-WHBC United Hematology Optical Imaging Center, No.8 Baofeng 1st Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, P. R. China
| | - Anyu Bao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, No.238 Jiefang Road, Wuchang, Wuhan, 430060, P. R. China
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Zhang Y, Liu L, Zhang M, Li S, Wu J, Sun Q, Ma S, Cai W. The Research Progress of Bioactive Peptides Derived from Traditional Natural Products in China. Molecules 2023; 28:6421. [PMID: 37687249 PMCID: PMC10489889 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional natural products in China have a long history and a vast pharmacological repertoire that has garnered significant attention due to their safety and efficacy in disease prevention and treatment. Among the bioactive components of traditional natural products in China, bioactive peptides (BPs) are specific protein fragments that have beneficial effects on human health. Despite many of the traditional natural products in China ingredients being rich in protein, BPs have not received sufficient attention as a critical factor influencing overall therapeutic efficacy. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive summary of the current methodologies for the preparation, isolation, and identification of BPs from traditional natural products in China and to classify the functions of discovered BPs. Insights from this review are expected to facilitate the development of targeted drugs and functional foods derived from traditional natural products in China in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Zhang
- College of Food Science and Pharmacy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China; (Y.Z.); (Q.S.)
| | - Lianghong Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, China; (L.L.); (M.Z.); (S.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Min Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, China; (L.L.); (M.Z.); (S.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Shani Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, China; (L.L.); (M.Z.); (S.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Jini Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, China; (L.L.); (M.Z.); (S.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Qiuju Sun
- College of Food Science and Pharmacy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China; (Y.Z.); (Q.S.)
| | - Shengjun Ma
- College of Food Science and Pharmacy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China; (Y.Z.); (Q.S.)
| | - Wei Cai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, China; (L.L.); (M.Z.); (S.L.); (J.W.)
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Wen M, Chen Q, Chen W, Yang J, Zhou X, Zhang C, Wu A, Lai J, Chen J, Mei Q, Yang S, Lan C, Wu J, Huang F, Wang L. A comprehensive review of Rubia cordifolia L.: Traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacological activities, and clinical applications. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:965390. [PMID: 36160419 PMCID: PMC9500525 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.965390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rubia cordifolia (family: Rubiaceae) L (R. cordifolia) is a perennial botanical drug climbing vine. As the main part of the traditional Chinese medicine, the rhizome has a long history. A great number of literary studies have reported that it can be used for the improvement of blood circulation, hemostasis, activation of collaterals, etc. When it comes to the wide application of R. cordifolia in traditional medicine, we systematically review its traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological effects. Literatures were systematically searched using several scientific databases, including China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Baidu Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, and other professional websites. Kew Botanical Garden and the iPlant were used for obtaining the scientific names and plant images of R. cordifolia. In addition, other information was also gathered from books including traditional Chinese herbal medicine, the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, and Chinese Materia Medica. So far, many prescriptions containing R. cordifolia have been widely used in the clinical treatment of abnormal uterine bleeding, primary dysmenorrhea and other gynecological diseases, allergic purpura, renal hemorrhage and other diseases. The phytochemistry studies have reported that more than 100 compounds are found in R. cordifolia, such as bicyclic peptides, terpenes, polysaccharides, trace elements, flavonoids, and quinones. Among them, quinones and peptides are the types of components with the highest contents in R. cordifolia. The modern pharmacological studies have revealed that R. cordifolia and its derived components have anti-tumor, anti-oxidative, anti-platelet aggregation, and anti-inflammatory effects. However, most studies are preclinical. The pharmacological mechanism of R. cordifolia has not been thoroughly studied. In addition, there are few pharmacokinetic and toxicity studies of R. cordifolia, therefore the clinical safety data for R. cordifolia is lacking. To sum up, this review for the first time summarizes a systemic and integrated traditional uses, chemical compositions, pharmacological actions and clinical applications of R. cordifolia, which provides the novel and full-scale insight for the drug development, medicinal value, and application of R. cordifolia in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wen
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Wang Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jing Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiaogang Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Chunxiang Zhang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, The Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education of China, Medical Key Laboratory for Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
| | - Anguo Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jia Lai
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jianping Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Qibing Mei
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Shuo Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Cai Lan
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jianming Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Research, The Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education of China, Medical Key Laboratory for Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jianming Wu, ; Feihong Huang, ; Long Wang,
| | - Feihong Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jianming Wu, ; Feihong Huang, ; Long Wang,
| | - Long Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jianming Wu, ; Feihong Huang, ; Long Wang,
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A Review of Medicinal Plants of the Himalayas with Anti-Proliferative Activity for the Treatment of Various Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14163898. [PMID: 36010892 PMCID: PMC9406073 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14163898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Drugs are used to treat cancer. Most drugs available in the market are chemosynthetic drugs and have side effects on the patient during and after the treatment, in addition to cancer itself. For instance, hair loss, loss of skin color and texture, loss of energy, nausea, infertility, etc. To overcome these side effects, naturally obtained drugs from medicinal plants are preferred. Our review paper aims to encourage the study of anticancer medicinal plants by giving detailed information on thirty-three medicinal plants and parts that constitute the phytochemicals responsible for the treatment of cancer. The development of plant-based drugs could be a game changer in treating cancer as well as boosting the immune system. Abstract Cancer is a serious and significantly progressive disease. Next to cardiovascular disease, cancer has become the most common cause of mortality in the entire world. Several factors, such as environmental factors, habitual activities, genetic factors, etc., are responsible for cancer. Many cancer patients seek alternative and/or complementary treatments because of the high death rate linked with cancer and the adverse side effects of chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Traditional medicine has a long history that begins with the hunt for botanicals to heal various diseases, including cancer. In the traditional medicinal system, several plants used to treat diseases have many bioactive compounds with curative capability, thereby also helping in disease prevention. Plants also significantly contributed to the modern pharmaceutical industry throughout the world. In the present review, we have listed 33 medicinal plants with active and significant anticancer activity, as well as their anticancer compounds. This article will provide a basic set of information for researchers interested in developing a safe and nontoxic active medicinal plant-based treatment for cancer. The research will give a scientific foundation for the traditional usage of these medicinal herbs to treat cancer.
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Xu Y, Yao Y, Wang L, Chen H, Tan N. Hyaluronic Acid Coated Liposomes Co-Delivery of Natural Cyclic Peptide RA-XII and Mitochondrial Targeted Photosensitizer for Highly Selective Precise Combined Treatment of Colon Cancer. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:4929-4942. [PMID: 34326635 PMCID: PMC8314934 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s311577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Natural cyclopeptide RA-XII, isolated from Rubia yunnanensis, is a promising chemotherapeutic agent for colon cancer. The photosensitizer protoporphyrin-IX attached with triphenylphosphonium (TPP) could possess mitochondria targeting capacity and exert photodynamic therapy (PDT) by inducing oxidizing damage to the mitochondria and cell apoptosis eventually. In this work, pH-sensitive liposomes were constructed to simultaneously deliver RA-XII as a chemotherapeutic drug and modified porphyrin as a mitochondria-targeting photosensitizer to treat colon cancer, and verified its mechanism of action and antitumor therapeutic efficacy. Methods The colon cancer targeting liposome nanoparticle RA/TPPP-Lip was synthesized using thin film hydration. The therapeutic effect and targeting ability of RA/TPPP-Lip was investigated in vitro. And use HCT116 cell allogeneic subcutaneous transplantation tumor model to investigate the anti-tumor and targeting effects of RA/TPPP-Lip in vivo. Results RA/TPPP-Lip gained the targeting ability through surface-modified HA to increase the accumulation of RA-XII and TPPP in colon cancer cells. A series of in vitro experimental results showed that TPPP produced cytotoxic ROS under laser irradiation to directly damage cell mitochondria and played a combined role with RA-XII, making RA/TPPP-Lip the best colon cancer cell growth inhibitory effect. Furthermore, in vivo antitumor experiments showed that the RA/TPPP-Lip substantially accumulated at the tumor site and efficiently repressed tumor growth in nude mice. Conclusion We have successfully designed a new cancer-targeted nanomedicine platform (RA/TPPP-Lip) for the collaborative treatment of colon cancer, which can achieve the targeted continuous release of multiple therapeutic drugs. This work provides a new strategy for precise combination therapy, which may promote the further development of collaborative cancer treatment platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongrong Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Linxiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Huachao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Ninghua Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China
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Liu M, Lai Z, Zhu L, Ding X, Tong X, Wang Z, Bi Q, Tan N. Novel amorphous solid dispersion based on natural deep eutectic solvent for enhancing delivery of anti-tumor RA-XII by oral administration in rats. Eur J Pharm Sci 2021; 166:105931. [PMID: 34256100 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2021.105931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
At present, oral chemotherapy showing the advantages of non-invasiveness, convenience, and high patient compliance, is gradually replacing traditional intravenous chemotherapy to treat patients with cancer. RA-XII, a unique natural cyclopeptide, exhibits various biological activities, such as anti-tumor, anti-angiogenic, and anti-metastatic activities. Designing an orally available formulation of RA-XII is of great importance in the development of clinically useful anticancer agents. However, RA-XII shows low oral bioavailability in rats due to its poor solubility and low permeability. To overcome these limitations, in this work, a natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES) was designed to efficiently deliver RA-XII by oral administration. A novel NADES composed of betaine and mandelic acid in the molar ratio of 1:1 (Bet-Man NADES) was successfully prepared based on a binary phase diagram of Bet and Man. Acute toxicity studies indicated that Bet-Man NADES was well tolerated with acceptable toxicity. In Bet-Man NADES solutions, the solubility of RA-XII was increased by up to 17.54-fold, and the diffusion and permeability of RA-XII carried out in a Franz cell was also significantly improved 10.35 times. In terms of biopharmaceutical classification this is translated into a change for RA-XII from class IV to class II systems. More importantly, Bet-Man NADES was transferred into the solid formulation by the inclusion of a polymer, and amorphous solid dispersions based on Bet-Man NADES (PVP K30/NADES/RA-XII, ASDs) were successfully prepared to improve uniformity, apparent solubility, dissolution, and cytotoxicity in vitro. Consequently, the oral bioavailability of RA-XII in NADES solutions and ASDs was enhanced by approximately 11.58 and 7.56 times compared with that of pure RA-XII in 0.5% CMCNa. Thus, it can be seen that a natural deep eutectic solvent and its modified amorphous solid dispersions are appropriate novel strategies for improving dissolution rate and bioavailability of poor soluble natural products such as RA-XII.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Liu
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Zhixing Lai
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Lijun Zhu
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Xin Ding
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Xiyang Tong
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Qirui Bi
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Ninghua Tan
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagy Morsy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Arts, Khulais, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry of Natural Compounds, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
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Guo D, Wang Y, Wang J, Song L, Wang Z, Mao B, Tan N. RA-XII Suppresses the Development and Growth of Liver Cancer by Inhibition of Lipogenesis via SCAP-dependent SREBP Supression. Molecules 2019; 24:E1829. [PMID: 31083642 PMCID: PMC6539016 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24091829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipogenesis plays a critical role in the growth and metastasis of tumors, which is becoming an attractive target for anti-tumor drugs. RA-XII, one of the cyclopeptide glycosides isolated from Rubia yunnanensis, exerts anti-tumor effects on liver cancer. However, the underlying mechanisms are not clear. In the present study, the effects of RA-XII on lipogenesis were evaluated and the underlying mechanisms were investigated. The results indicated that RA-XII strongly inhibited tumor growth and lipogenesis (triglycerides and lipid droplets) in HepG2 cells, and the expression of key factors involved in lipogenesis (SREBP, SCD, FASN) was also obviously downregulated. Further investigation showed that the anti-tumor effects of RA-XII were attenuated by SREBP knockdown. Moreover, RA-XII downregulated the expression of SREBP cleavage-activating protein (SCAP), an upstream regulator of SREBP, and siRNA of SCAP prevented its restrained effects on tumor growth and lipogenesis. In addition, the in vivo experiment showed that RA-XII strongly restrained the lipogenesis and growth of liver tumor in nude mice xenograft model. Taken together, these results indicate that RA-XII suppresses the liver cancer growth by inhibition of lipogenesis via SCAP-dependent SREBP suppression. The findings reveal the potentials of RA-XII to be used in a novel therapeutic approach for treating liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 211198 Nanjing, China.
| | - Yurong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 211198 Nanjing, China.
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 211198 Nanjing, China.
| | - Lihua Song
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 211198 Nanjing, China.
| | - Zhe Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 211198 Nanjing, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 650201 Kunming, China.
| | - Bingyu Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 650223 Kunming, China.
| | - Ninghua Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 211198 Nanjing, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 650201 Kunming, China.
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Hu YY, Feng L, Wang J, Zhang XJ, Wang Z, Tan NH. Rubipodanin B, a New Cytotoxic Cyclopeptide from Rubia podantha. Chem Biodivers 2018; 16:e1800438. [PMID: 30334345 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201800438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Using the TLC cyclopeptide protosite detection method, a new cyclohexapeptide named rubipodanin B (1), together with 11 known Rubiaceae-type cyclopeptides (RAs), RA-X-OMe (2), RA-IV (3), RA-XI (4), RA-XIII-OMe (5), rubiyunnanin C (6), RA-I (7), RA-III (8), RA-V (9), RA-VII (10), RA-XII (11) and rubipodanin A (12), were obtained from the roots and rhizomes of Rubia podantha Diels. The structures were determined using various spectroscopic methods. Among them, 2 was firstly identified as a natural product, and 3-6 were firstly isolated from this species. Cytotoxicity and NF-κB signaling pathway activity of 1, 2, 4, 6, 7 and 9 were evaluated. All these compounds showed cytotoxic activities against three human tumor cell lines, MDA-MB-231, SW620 and HepG2, with the IC50 values between 0.015 and 10.27 μm, and only 7 and 9 possessed NF-κB inhibitory activities with the IC50 values of 2.42 and 0.046 μm, respectively, which demonstrated that 2-alanine amino acid plays a key role to maintain the RAs bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Yun Hu
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, P. R. China
| | - Li Feng
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, P. R. China
| | - Jia Wang
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, P. R. China
| | - Xue-Jia Zhang
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, P. R. China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, P. R. China
| | - Ning-Hua Tan
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, P. R. China
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Natural Cyclopeptide RA-XII, a New Autophagy Inhibitor, Suppresses Protective Autophagy for Enhancing Apoptosis through AMPK/mTOR/P70S6K Pathways in HepG2 Cells. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22111934. [PMID: 29137114 PMCID: PMC6150396 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22111934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is a progressive, irreversible and aggressive malignant disease, which has no effective chemotherapeutic drugs. RA-XII, a natural cyclopeptide isolated from the traditional Chinese medicine Rubia yunnanensis, exerts anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activities. This work aimed to investigate the effects of RA-XII on a hepatic tumor and its underlying mechanisms in human hepatoma HepG2 cells. The results showed that RA-XII effectively inhibited the proliferation of HepG2 cells. Consistently, RA-XII significantly induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells by decreasing the expression of caspase 3, 8, 9, and promoting the Cleavage of PARP. Moreover, RA-XII-induced apoptosis was attenuated in the presence of apoptosis inhibitor N-Benzyloxycarbonyl-Val-Ala-Asp (O-Me) fluoromethyl keton, suggesting that RA-XII induced apoptosis-cell-death in HepG2 cells. Furthermore, autophagy-related proteins and mRNA levels were dramatically reduced after RA-XII treatment. Meanwhile, we observed that autophagy inhibitor chloroquine could enhance apoptosis in RA-XII-treated HepG2 cells, indicating that autophagy played a protective role in HepG2 cells and RA-XII might inhibit protective autophagy. Further analysis showed that RA-XII inhibited AMPK phosphorylation and led to the mTOR/P70S6K pathway activation, suggesting that RA-XII inhibited autophagy through AMPK/mTOR/P70S6K pathways. This study demonstrated that RA-XII promoted apoptosis and inhibited protective autophagy through AMPK/mTOR/P70S6K pathways in HepG2 cells. In conclusion, these findings suggest that RA-XII might potentially be a candidate as an autophagy inhibitor agent for further therapy of liver cancer.
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Shan M, Yu S, Yan H, Chen P, Zhang L, Ding A. A Review of the Botany, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology and Toxicology of Rubiae Radix et Rhizoma. Molecules 2016; 21:E1747. [PMID: 27999402 PMCID: PMC6274022 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21121747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Rubia cordifolia Linn (Rubiaceae) is a climbing perennial herbal plant, which is widely distributed in China and India. Its root and rhizome, Rubiae Radix et Rhizoma (called Qiancao in China and Indian madder in India), is a well known phytomedicine used for hematemesis, epistaxis, flooding, spotting, traumatic bleeding, amenorrhea caused by obstruction, joint impediment pain, swelling and pain caused by injuries from falls. In addition, it is a kind of pigment utilized as a food additive and a dye for wool or fiber. This review mainly concentrates on studies of the botany, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology of this Traditional Chinese Medicine. The phytochemical evidences indicated that over a hundred chemical components have been found and isolated from the medicine, such as anthraquinones, naphthoquinones, triterpenoids, cyclic hexapeptides and others. These components are considered responsible for the various bioactivities of the herbal drug, including anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, immunomodulation, antitumor, effects on coagulation-fibrinolysis system, neuroprotection and other effects. Additionally, based on these existing results, we also propose some interesting future research directions. Consequently, this review should help us to more comprehensively understand and to more fully utilize the herbal medicine Rubiae Radix et Rhizoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingqiu Shan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Sheng Yu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Hui Yan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Peidong Chen
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Li Zhang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Anwei Ding
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
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12
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Synthetic Strategy and Anti-Tumor Activities of Macrocyclic Scaffolds Based on 4-Hydroxyproline. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21020212. [PMID: 26891283 PMCID: PMC6274554 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21020212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of novel 13- to 15-member hydroxyproline-based macrocycles, which contain alkyl-alkyl ether and alkyl-aryl ether moieties, have been synthesized by the strategy of macrocyclization utilising azide-alkyne cycloaddition, Mitsunobu protocol and amide formation. Their anti-tumor activities towards A549, MDA-MB-231 and Hep G2 cells were screened in vitro by an MTT assay. The results indicated that 13-member macrocycle 33 containing alkene chain showed the best results, exhibiting the highest inhibitory effects towards lung cancer cell line A549, which was higher than that of the reference cisplatin (IC50 value = 2.55 µmol/L).
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13
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Wang Z, Zhao SM, Zhao LM, Chen XQ, Zeng GZ, Tan NH. Rubipodanin A, the First Natural N-Desmonomethyl Rubiaceae-Type Cyclopeptide from Rubia podantha, Indicating an Important Role of the N9-Methyl Group in the Conformation and Bioactivity. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0144950. [PMID: 26694544 PMCID: PMC4687918 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
One new cyclic hexapeptide named rubipodanin A (1), which is the first identified natural N-desmonomethyl Rubiaceae-type cyclopeptide, together with six known Rubiaceae-type cyclopeptides (2–7) were obtained using the TLC cyclopeptide protosite detection method with ninhydrin from the roots and rhizomes of Rubia podantha. The cyclopeptide structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis, including 1D-NMR, 2D-NMR, IR, UV and MS. The solution conformation and biological activities of 1 and RA-V (4) were evaluated, and the results demonstrated that the N9-methyl group plays a vital role in the maintenance of the conformation and bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, PR China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Si-Meng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, PR China
| | - Li-Mei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, PR China
| | - Xiao-Qiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, PR China
| | - Guang-Zhi Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, PR China
- * E-mail: (NHT); (GZZ)
| | - Ning-Hua Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, PR China
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry & State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
- * E-mail: (NHT); (GZZ)
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14
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Chen XQ, Zhao SM, Wang Z, Zeng GZ, Huang MB, Tan NH. Rubicordins A–C, new cyclopeptides from Rubia cordifolia with cytotoxicity and inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathway. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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15
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Leung HW, Zhao SM, Yue GGL, Lee JKM, Fung KP, Leung PC, Tan NH, Lau CBS. RA-XII inhibits tumour growth and metastasis in breast tumour-bearing mice via reducing cell adhesion and invasion and promoting matrix degradation. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16985. [PMID: 26592552 PMCID: PMC4655310 DOI: 10.1038/srep16985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells acquire invasive ability to degrade and adhere to extracellular matrix (ECM) and migrate to adjacent tissues. This ultimately results metastasis. Hence, the present study investigated the in vitro effects of cyclopeptide glycoside, RA-XII on cell adhesion, invasion, proliferation and matrix degradation, and its underlying mechanism in murine breast tumour cells, 4T1. The effect of RA-XII on tumour growth and metastasis in 4T1-bearing mice was also investigated. Our results showed that RA-XII inhibited tumour cell adhesion to collagen, fibronectin and laminin, RA-XII also reduced the expressions of vascular cell adhesion molecule, intracellular adhesion molecule and integrins, and integrin binding. In addition, RA-XII significantly inhibited breast tumour cell migration via interfering cofilin signaling and chemokine receptors. The activities of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and urokinase-type of plasminogen activator, and the expressions of ECM-associated proteinases were attenuated significantly by RA-XII. Furthermore, RA-XII induced G1 phase arrest and inhibited the expressions of cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases. RA-XII inhibited the expressions of molecules in PI3K/AKT, NF-kappaB, FAK/pSRC, MAPK and EGFR signaling. RA-XII was also shown to have anti-tumour, anti-angiogenic and anti-metastatic activities in metastatic breast tumour-bearing mice. These findings strongly suggested that RA-XII is a potential anti-metastatic agent for breast cancer.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
- Cell Adhesion/drug effects
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Movement/drug effects
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cofilin 1/antagonists & inhibitors
- Cofilin 1/genetics
- Cofilin 1/metabolism
- Cyclins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Cyclins/genetics
- Cyclins/metabolism
- Extracellular Matrix Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Extracellular Matrix Proteins/genetics
- Extracellular Matrix Proteins/metabolism
- Female
- G1 Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints/drug effects
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Integrins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Integrins/genetics
- Integrins/metabolism
- Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1/genetics
- Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1/metabolism
- Lymphatic Metastasis
- Mammary Glands, Animal/drug effects
- Mammary Glands, Animal/metabolism
- Mammary Glands, Animal/pathology
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/genetics
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 9/genetics
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 9/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/genetics
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism
- Neoplasm Invasiveness
- Peptides, Cyclic/pharmacology
- Protein Binding
- Receptors, Chemokine/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Chemokine/genetics
- Receptors, Chemokine/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator/antagonists & inhibitors
- Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator/genetics
- Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator/metabolism
- Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1/genetics
- Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoi-Wing Leung
- Institute of Chinese Medicine
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China (CUHK)
| | - Si-Meng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Grace Gar-Lee Yue
- Institute of Chinese Medicine
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China (CUHK)
| | - Julia Kin-Ming Lee
- Institute of Chinese Medicine
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China (CUHK)
| | - Kwok-Pui Fung
- Institute of Chinese Medicine
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China (CUHK)
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ping-Chung Leung
- Institute of Chinese Medicine
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China (CUHK)
| | - Ning-Hua Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Clara Bik-San Lau
- Institute of Chinese Medicine
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China (CUHK)
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16
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Xu K, Wang P, Yuan B, Cheng Y, Li Q, Lei H. Structural and bioactive studies of terpenes and cyclopeptides from the Genus Rubia. Chem Cent J 2013; 7:81. [PMID: 23642144 PMCID: PMC3698108 DOI: 10.1186/1752-153x-7-81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2012] [Accepted: 04/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Genus Rubia fell into about 70 species distributed widely around the world, a total of 36 species and 2 varieties were reported from China. The extracts and phytochemicals of Rubia plants had drawn considerable attention due to their potent bioactivities. As the two major ingredients from these plants, pentacyclic triterpenes and cyclopeptides were becoming a hot topic over the past twenty years for their remarkable anticancer, antioxidant and other effects. This paper compiled all 65 terpenes and 44 cyclopeptides with their distributions, physiological activities and melting points (or optical rotations) as reported in 85 references; besides, structure-activity relationships of these derivatives were briefly discussed. The information involved in this paper was expected to be meaningful for the further studies of the Genus Rubia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo Xu
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100102, China.
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17
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Zhao S, Kuang B, Peng W, He W, Xu H, Ji C, Han J, Zheng Y, Song W, Tan N. Chemical Progress in Cyclopeptide-containing Traditional Medicines Cited in Chinese Pharmacopoeia. CHINESE J CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201200508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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18
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Fan JT, Su J, Peng YM, Li Y, Li J, Zhou YB, Zeng GZ, Yan H, Tan NH. Rubiyunnanins C–H, cytotoxic cyclic hexapeptides from Rubia yunnanensis inhibiting nitric oxide production and NF-κB activation. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 18:8226-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2010] [Revised: 10/05/2010] [Accepted: 10/05/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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19
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Fan JT, Chen YS, Xu WY, Du L, Zeng GZ, Zhang YM, Su J, Li Y, Tan NH. Rubiyunnanins A and B, two novel cyclic hexapeptides from Rubia yunnanensis. Tetrahedron Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.07.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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20
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Morita H, Eda M, Iizuka T, Hirasawa Y, Sekiguchi M, Yun YS, Itokawa H, Takeya K. Structure of a new cyclic nonapeptide, segetalin F, and vasorelaxant activity of segetalins from Vaccaria segetalis. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2006; 16:4458-61. [PMID: 16844371 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2006.06.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2006] [Revised: 06/01/2006] [Accepted: 06/12/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A new cyclic nonapeptide, segetalin F, has been isolated from the seeds of Vaccaria segetalis and the structure including absolute stereochemistry was elucidated by using 2D NMR and chemical means. A series of segetalins showed a vasorelaxant activity against norepinephrine (NE)-induced contractions of rat aorta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Morita
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, Tokyo, Japan.
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21
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning-Hua Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 650204 Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
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22
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Biswas TK, Mukherjee B. Plant medicines of Indian origin for wound healing activity: a review. INT J LOW EXTR WOUND 2005; 2:25-39. [PMID: 15866825 DOI: 10.1177/1534734603002001006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Research on wound healing drugs is a developing area in modern biomedical sciences. Scientists who are trying to develop newer drugs from natural resources are looking toward the Ayurveda, the Indian traditional system of medicine. Several drugs of plant, mineral, and animal origin are described in the Ayurveda for their wound healing properties under the term Vranaropaka. Most of these drugs are derived from plant origin. Some of these plants have been screened scientifically for the evaluation of their wound healing activity in different pharmacological models and patients, but the potential of most remains unexplored. In a few cases, active chemical constituents were identified. Some Ayurvedic medicinal plants, namely, Ficus bengalensis, Cynodon dactylon, Symplocos racemosa, Rubia cordifolia, Pterocarpus santalinus, Ficus racemosa, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Berberis aristata, Curcuma longa, Centella asiatica, Euphorbia nerifolia, and Aloe vera, were found to be effective in experimental models. This paper presents a limited review of plants used in Ayurvedic medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuhin Kanti Biswas
- Department of Sharira Kriya, J. B. Roy State Ayurvedic Medical College and Hospital
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23
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24
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Tao J, Morikawa T, Ando S, Matsuda H, Yoshikawa M. Bioactive constituents from Chinese natural medicines. XI. inhibitors on NO production and degranulation in RBL-2H3 from Rubia yunnanensis: structures of rubianosides II, III, and IV, rubianol-g, and rubianthraquinone. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2003; 51:654-62. [PMID: 12808242 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.51.654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Three new arborinane-type triterpene glycosides, rubianosides II, III, and IV, a new arborinane-type triterpene, rubianol-g, and a new anthraquinone, rubianthraquinone, were isolated from a Chinese natural medicine, the roots of Rubia yunnanensis. The structures of the new constituents including their absolute configurations were determined on the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence. The inhibitory effects of the isolated constituents on nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-activated macrophages were examined. Among them, a cyclic peptide constituent, RA-XII and its aglycon, RA-V (deoxybouvadin), potently inhibited overproduction of nitric oxide and induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase. In addition, an anthraquinone constituent, 2-methyl-1,3,6-trihydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone, was found to show inhibitory effects on the release of beta-hexosaminidase in RBL-2H3 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Tao
- Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
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25
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26
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27
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Anti Tumor Compounds Isolated from Higher Plants. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s1572-5995(00)80048-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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28
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Goldberg M, Smith L, Tamayo N, Kiselyov AS. Solid support synthesis of 14-membered macrocycles containing 4-hydroxyproline structural unit via SNAr methodology. Tetrahedron 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(99)00842-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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29
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Hitotsuyanagi Y, Anazawa Y, Yamagishi T, Samata K, Ichihara T, Nanaumi K, Okado N, Nakaike S, Mizumura M, Takeya K, Itokawa H. Novel water-soluble analogues retaining potent antitumor activity of RA-VII, a cyclic hexapeptide from Rubia plants. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(97)10157-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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30
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Vergne C, Bois-Choussy M, Ouazzani J, Beugelmans R, Zhu J. Chemoenzymatic synthesis of enantiomerically pure 4-fluoro-3-nitro and 3-fluoro-4-nitro phenylalanine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0957-4166(96)00524-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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31
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Chapter 4 Macrocyclic Peptide Alkaloids From Plants. THE ALKALOIDS: CHEMISTRY AND PHARMACOLOGY 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0099-9598(08)60018-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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32
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Abstract
The synthesis and evaluation of the analogues 3 and 4 of deoxybouvardin (1) and RA-VII (2), which contain modifications in the tetrapeptide subunit, are described. Unlike the natural products and similar to our prior disclosure, the agents 3 and 4, which substitute (Gly)4 and (Gly)3 for the D-Ala-Ala-NMe-Tyr(OMe)-Ala tetrapeptide subunit, exist in single rigid conformations in which the central cycloisodityrosine amide adopts its preferred trans stereochemistry and both were found to be biologically inactive.
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Affiliation(s)
- D L Boger
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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33
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Boger DL, Zhou J, Winter B, Kitos PA. Key analogs of the tetrapeptide subunit of RA-VII and deoxybouvardin. Bioorg Med Chem 1995; 3:1579-93. [PMID: 8770383 DOI: 10.1016/0968-0896(95)00141-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis and evaluation of two key analogs 3 and 4 of the potent antitumor antibiotics deoxybouvardin (1) and RA-VII (2) which contain fundamental modifications in the tetrapeptide subunit are described. Unlike the natural products, these agents 3 and 4, which substitute (Gly)4 and (Gly)3 for the D-Ala-Ala-NMe-Tyr(OMe)-Ala tetrapeptide subunit, adopt conformations in which the central amide in the cycloisodityrosine subunit adopts its inherently preferred trans stereochemistry and both were found to be biologically inactive.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/chemical synthesis
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/chemistry
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/chemical synthesis
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/chemistry
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
- Crystallography, X-Ray
- Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
- Models, Molecular
- Molecular Conformation
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Molecular Structure
- Peptides, Cyclic/chemical synthesis
- Peptides, Cyclic/chemistry
- Peptides, Cyclic/pharmacology
- Stereoisomerism
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Affiliation(s)
- D L Boger
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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34
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Morita H, Yun YS, Takeya K, Itokawa H, Yamada K. Segetalins B, C and D, three new cyclic peptides from Vaccaria segetalis. Tetrahedron 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0040-4020(95)00278-g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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35
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Morita H, Sook Yun Y, Takeya K, Itokawa H, Shiro M. Conformational analysis of a cyclic hexapeptide, segetalin A from Vaccaria segetalis. Tetrahedron 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0040-4020(95)00277-f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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36
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Morita H, Nagashima S, Takeya K, Itokawa H, Iitaka Y. Structures and conformation of antitumour cyclic pentapeptides, astins A, B and C, from Aster tataricus. Tetrahedron 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0040-4020(94)01000-p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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37
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Morita H, Yun YS, Takeya K, Itokawa H. Segetalin A, a new cyclic hexapeptide from vaccaria segetalis. Tetrahedron Lett 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0040-4039(94)88519-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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38
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Morita H, Shishido A, Kayashita T, Shimomura M, Takeya K, Itokawa H. Two Novel Cyclic Peptides, Yunnanins A and B fromStellaria yunnanensis. CHEM LETT 1994. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.1994.2415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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39
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40
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Beugelmans R, Bigot A, Zhu J. An easy access to functionalized diaryl ethers: Formal total synthesis of K-13. Tetrahedron Lett 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)77270-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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41
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Boger DL, Patane MA, Jin Q, Kitos PA. Design, synthesis and evaluation of bouvardin, deoxybouvardin and RA-I-XIV pharmacophore analogs. Bioorg Med Chem 1994; 2:85-100. [PMID: 7922127 DOI: 10.1016/s0968-0896(00)82005-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis and in vitro cytotoxic evaluation of a key set of cycloisodityrosine subunit analogs of deoxybouvardin and RA-VII are detailed and constitute a complete investigation of the natural product pharmacophore. The studies illustrate that the 18-membered ring tetrapeptide potentiation of the cytotoxic activity of cycloisodityrosine is not likely to be due to simple alteration or constraint of the conformation of the 14-membered cycloisodityrosine subunit and that simple derivatization of cycloisodityrosine may not provide the same potentiation.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/chemical synthesis
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/chemistry
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/chemical synthesis
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/chemistry
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
- Drug Design
- Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
- In Vitro Techniques
- Leukemia L1210/drug therapy
- Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
- Mice
- Molecular Structure
- Peptides, Cyclic/chemical synthesis
- Peptides, Cyclic/chemistry
- Peptides, Cyclic/pharmacology
- Protein Conformation
- Structure-Activity Relationship
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Affiliation(s)
- D L Boger
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
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42
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Morita H, Nagashima S, Takeya K, Itokawa H. Conformational analysis of an antitumour cyclic pentapeptide, astin B, from Aster tataricus). Tetrahedron 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)85656-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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43
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Morita H, Kayashita T, Takeya K, Itokawa H. Conformational analysis of a tyrosinase inhibitory cyclic pentapeptide, pseudostellarin A, from Pseudostellaria heterophylla. Tetrahedron 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)89393-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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44
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Morita H, Kayashita T, Kobata H, Gonda A, Takeya K, Itokawa H. Pseudostellarins D - F, new tyrosinase inhibitory cyclic peptides from Pseudostellaria heterophylla. Tetrahedron 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)89612-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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45
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Takeya K, Yamamiya T, Morita H, Itokawa H. Two antitumour bicyclic hexapeptides from Rubia cordifolia. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 1993; 33:613-615. [PMID: 7763798 DOI: 10.1016/0031-9422(93)85458-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Two novel antitumour bicyclic hexapeptides, named RA-XV and -XVI, were isolated from Rubia cordifolia and their structures were characterized by spectroscopic and chemical means.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Takeya
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Tokyo College of Pharmacy, Japan
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46
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Itokawa H, Morita H, Kondo K, Hitotsuyanagi Y, Takeya K, Iitaka Y. Isomerization of antitumour bicyclic hexapeptide, RA-VII from Rubia Cordifolia. Part 4. Conformation–antitumour activity relationship. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1039/p29920001635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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