1
|
Gu Y, Pan Y, Fang Z, Ma L, Zhu Y, Androjna C, Zhong K, Yu X, Shen D. Deep learning-assisted preclinical MR fingerprinting for sub-millimeter T 1 and T 2 mapping of entire macaque brain. Magn Reson Med 2024; 91:1149-1164. [PMID: 37929695 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Preclinical MR fingerprinting (MRF) suffers from long acquisition time for organ-level coverage due to demanding image resolution and limited undersampling capacity. This study aims to develop a deep learning-assisted fast MRF framework for sub-millimeter T1 and T2 mapping of entire macaque brain on a preclinical 9.4 T MR system. METHODS Three dimensional MRF images were reconstructed by singular value decomposition (SVD) compressed reconstruction. T1 and T2 mapping for each axial slice exploited a self-attention assisted residual U-Net to suppress aliasing-induced quantification errors, and the transmit-field (B1 + ) measurements for robustness against B1 + inhomogeneity. Supervised network training used MRF images simulated via virtual parametric maps and a desired undersampling scheme. This strategy bypassed the difficulties of acquiring fully sampled preclinical MRF data to guide network training. The proposed fast MRF framework was tested on experimental data acquired from ex vivo and in vivo macaque brains. RESULTS The trained network showed reasonable adaptability to experimental MRF images, enabling robust delineation of various T1 and T2 distributions in the brain tissues. Further, the proposed MRF framework outperformed several existing fast MRF methods in handling the aliasing artifacts and capturing detailed cerebral structures in the mapping results. Parametric mapping of entire macaque brain at nominal resolution of 0.35× $$ \times $$ 0.35× $$ \times $$ 1 mm3 can be realized via a 20-min 3D MRF scan, which was sixfold faster than the baseline protocol. CONCLUSION Introducing deep learning to MRF framework paves the way for efficient organ-level high-resolution quantitative MRI in preclinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuning Gu
- School of Biomedical Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongsheng Pan
- School of Biomedical Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenghan Fang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Lei Ma
- School of Biomedical Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuran Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Charlie Androjna
- Cleveland Clinic Pre-Clinical Magnetic Resonance Imaging Center, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Kai Zhong
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of High Field Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Yu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Dinggang Shen
- School of Biomedical Engineering & State Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Materials and Devices, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai United Imaging Intelligence, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Clinical Research and Trial Center, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang X, Chen W, Wu Y, Zeng W, Yuan Y, Cheng C, Yang X, Wang J, Yang X, Xu Y, Lei H, Cao X, Xu Y. Histological Correlates of Neuroanatomical Changes in a Rat Model of Levodopa-Induced Dyskinesia Based on Voxel-Based Morphometry. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:759934. [PMID: 34776935 PMCID: PMC8581620 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.759934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-term therapy with levodopa (L-DOPA) in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) often triggers motor complications termed as L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID). However, few studies have explored the pathogenesis of LID from the perspective of neuroanatomy. This study aimed to investigate macroscopic structural changes in a rat model of LID and the underlying histological mechanisms. First, we established the hemiparkinsonism rat model through stereotaxic injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) into the right medial forebrain bundle, followed by administration of saline (PD) or L-DOPA to induce LID. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and behavioral evaluations were performed at different time points. Histological analysis was conducted to assess the correlations between MRI signal changes and cellular contributors. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analysis revealed progressive bilateral volume reduction in the cortical and subcortical areas in PD rats compared with the sham rats. These changes were partially reversed by chronic L-DOPA administration; moreover, there was a significant volume increase mainly in the dorsolateral striatum, substantia nigra, and piriform cortex of the lesioned side compared with that of PD rats. At the striatal cellular level, glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive (GFAP+) astrocytes were significantly increased in the lesioned dorsolateral striatum of PD rats compared with the intact side and the sham group. Prolonged L-DOPA treatment further increased GFAP levels. Neither 6-OHDA damage nor L-DOPA treatment influenced the striatal expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Additionally, there was a considerable increase in synapse-associated proteins (SYP, PSD95, and SAP97) in the lesioned striatum of LID rats relative to the PD rats. Golgi-Cox staining analysis of the dendritic spine morphology revealed an increased density of dendritic spines after chronic L-DOPA treatment. Taken together, our findings suggest that striatal volume changes in LID rats involve astrocyte activation, enrichment of synaptic ultrastructure and signaling proteins in the ipsilateral striatum. Meanwhile, the data highlight the enormous potential of structural MRI, especially VBM analysis, in determining the morphological phenotype of rodent models of LID.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Wu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Weiqi Zeng
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuhao Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chi Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoman Yang
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jialing Wang
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaomei Yang
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Xu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuebing Cao
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kuriakose D, Xiao Z. Pathophysiology and Treatment of Stroke: Present Status and Future Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E7609. [PMID: 33076218 PMCID: PMC7589849 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 418] [Impact Index Per Article: 104.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is the second leading cause of death and a major contributor to disability worldwide. The prevalence of stroke is highest in developing countries, with ischemic stroke being the most common type. Considerable progress has been made in our understanding of the pathophysiology of stroke and the underlying mechanisms leading to ischemic insult. Stroke therapy primarily focuses on restoring blood flow to the brain and treating stroke-induced neurological damage. Lack of success in recent clinical trials has led to significant refinement of animal models, focus-driven study design and use of new technologies in stroke research. Simultaneously, despite progress in stroke management, post-stroke care exerts a substantial impact on families, the healthcare system and the economy. Improvements in pre-clinical and clinical care are likely to underpin successful stroke treatment, recovery, rehabilitation and prevention. In this review, we focus on the pathophysiology of stroke, major advances in the identification of therapeutic targets and recent trends in stroke research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhicheng Xiao
- Development and Stem Cells Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia;
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Fletcher EJR, Finlay CJ, Amor Lopez A, Crum WR, Vernon AC, Duty S. Neuroanatomical and Microglial Alterations in the Striatum of Levodopa-Treated, Dyskinetic Hemi-Parkinsonian Rats. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:567222. [PMID: 33041762 PMCID: PMC7522511 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.567222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Dyskinesia associated with chronic levodopa treatment in Parkinson’s disease is associated with maladaptive striatal plasticity. The objective of this study was to examine whether macroscale structural changes, as captured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) accompany this plasticity and to identify plausible cellular contributors in a rodent model of levodopa-induced dyskinesia. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were rendered hemi-parkinsonian by stereotaxic injection of 6-hydroxydopamine into the left medial forebrain bundle prior to chronic treatment with saline (control) or levodopa to induce abnormal involuntary movements (AIMs), reflective of dyskinesia. Perfusion-fixed brains underwent ex vivo structural MRI before sectioning and staining for cellular markers. Chronic treatment with levodopa induced significant AIMs (p < 0.0001 versus saline). The absolute volume of the ipsilateral, lesioned striatum was increased in levodopa-treated rats resulting in a significant difference in percentage volume change when compared to saline-treated rats (p < 0.01). Moreover, a significant positive correlation was found between this volume change and AIMs scores for individual levodopa-treated rats (r = 0.96; p < 0.01). The density of Iba1+ cells was increased within the lesioned versus intact striatum (p < 0.01) with no difference between treatment groups. Conversely, Iba1+ microglia soma size was significantly increased (p < 0.01) in the lesioned striatum of levodopa-treated but not saline-treated rats. Soma size was not, however, significantly correlated with either AIMs or MRI volume change. Although GFAP+ astrocytes were elevated in the lesioned versus intact striatum (p < 0.001), there was no difference between treatment groups. No statistically significant effects of either lesion or treatment on RECA1, a marker for blood vessels, were observed. Collectively, these data suggest chronic levodopa treatment in 6-hydroxydopamine lesioned rats is associated with increased striatal volume that correlates with the development of AIMs. The accompanying increase in number and size of microglia, however, cannot alone explain this volume expansion. Further multi-modal studies are warranted to establish the brain-wide effects of chronic levodopa treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edward J R Fletcher
- Wolfson Centre for Age Related Diseases, Wolfson Wing, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Clare J Finlay
- Wolfson Centre for Age Related Diseases, Wolfson Wing, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ana Amor Lopez
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - William R Crum
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony C Vernon
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Maurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Susan Duty
- Wolfson Centre for Age Related Diseases, Wolfson Wing, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
He H, Liang L, Tang T, Luo J, Wang Y, Cui H. Progressive brain changes in Parkinson’s disease: A meta-analysis of structural magnetic resonance imaging studies. Brain Res 2020; 1740:146847. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.146847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
6
|
Nasehi M, Torabinejad S, Hashemi M, Vaseghi S, Zarrindast MR. Effect of cholestasis and NeuroAid treatment on the expression of Bax, Bcl-2, Pgc-1α and Tfam genes involved in apoptosis and mitochondrial biogenesis in the striatum of male rats. Metab Brain Dis 2020; 35:183-192. [PMID: 31773435 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-019-00508-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cholestasis means impaired bile synthesis or secretion. In fact, it is a bile flow reduction following Bile Duct Ligation (BDL). Cholestasis has a main role in necrosis and apoptosis. Apoptosis is a form of programmed cell death that has intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. The intrinsic pathway is mediated by Bcl-2 (B cell lymphoma-2) proteins which integrate death and survival signals. Bcl-2 has anti-apoptotic and Bax has pro-apoptotic effects. Also, striatum is one of the brain regions that has high expressions of Bcl-2 proteins. Moreover, Tfam and Pgc-1α are involved in mitochondrial biogenesis. On the other hand, NeuroAid, is a drug that has neuroprotective and anti-apoptosis effects. In this study, using quantitative PCR, we measured the expression of all these genes in the striatum of male rats following BDL and NeuroAid administration. Results showed, BDL increased the expression of Bax and Tfam and decreased the expression of Bcl-2. NeuroAid restored the effect of BDL on the expression of Bax, while did not alter the effect of BDL on Bcl-2. In addition, it increased the expression of Tfam that was previously elevated by BDL and raised the expression of Tfam in normal rats. Both BDL and NeuroAid, had no effect on Pgc-1α. In conclusion, cholestasis increased the expression of Bax and decreased the expression of Bcl-2, and this effect may have related to enhanced susceptibility of mitochondrial pathways following oxidative stress. Tfam expression was increased following cholestasis and this effect may have related to cellular compensatory mechanisms against high accumulation of free radicals or mitochondrial biogenesis failure. Furthermore, NeuroAid may play a role against apoptosis and can be used to increase mitochondrial biogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Nasehi
- Cognitive and Neuroscience Research Center (CNRC), Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, P.O. Box 13145-784, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sepehr Torabinejad
- Department of Genetics, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Department of Genetics, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Salar Vaseghi
- Cognitive and Neuroscience Research Center (CNRC), Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, P.O. Box 13145-784, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Reza Zarrindast
- Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Institute for Cognitive Science Studies (ICSS), Tehran, Iran
- Department of Neuroendocrinology, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Modo MM, Jolkkonen J, Zille M, Boltze J. Future of Animal Modeling for Poststroke Tissue Repair. Stroke 2018; 49:1099-1106. [PMID: 29669872 PMCID: PMC6013070 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.117.018293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michel M Modo
- From the Departments of Radiology and Bioengineering, McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, PA (M.M.M.)
| | - Jukka Jolkkonen
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio (J.J.)
- Neurocenter, Kuopio University Hospital, Finland (J.J.)
| | - Marietta Zille
- Department of Translational Medicine and Cell Technology, Fraunhofer Research Institution for Marine Biotechnology and Institute for Medical and Marine Biotechnology, University of Lübeck, Mönkhofer Weg, Germany (M.Z., J.B.)
- Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee, Germany (M.Z.)
| | - Johannes Boltze
- Department of Translational Medicine and Cell Technology, Fraunhofer Research Institution for Marine Biotechnology and Institute for Medical and Marine Biotechnology, University of Lübeck, Mönkhofer Weg, Germany (M.Z., J.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Fabricius K, Barkholt P, Jelsing J, Hansen HH. Application of the Physical Disector Principle for Quantification of Dopaminergic Neuronal Loss in a Rat 6-Hydroxydopamine Nigral Lesion Model of Parkinson's Disease. Front Neuroanat 2017; 11:109. [PMID: 29276478 PMCID: PMC5727600 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2017.00109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Stereological analysis is the optimal tool for quantitative assessment of brain morphological and cellular changes induced by neurotoxic lesions or treatment interventions. Stereological methods based on random sampling techniques yield unbiased estimates of particle counts within a defined volume, thereby providing a true quantitative estimate of the target cell population. Neurodegenerative diseases involve loss of specific neuron types, such as the midbrain tyrosine hydroxylase-positive dopamine neurons in Parkinson's disease and in animal models of nigrostriatal degeneration. Therefore, we applied an established automated physical disector principle in a fractionator design for efficient stereological quantitative analysis of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta of hemiparkinsonian rats with unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesions. We obtained reliable estimates of dopamine neuron numbers, and established the relationship between behavioral asymmetry and dopamine neuron loss on the lesioned side. In conclusion, the automated physical disector principle provided a useful and efficient tool for unbiased estimation of TH-positive neurons in rat midbrain, and should prove valuable for investigating neuroprotective strategies in 6-OHDA model of parkinsonism, while generalizing to other immunohistochemically-defined cell populations.
Collapse
|