1
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Chen Y, Han X, Hua R, Li N, Zhang L, Hu W, Wang Y, Qian Z, Li S. Copy number variation sequencing for the products of conception: What is the optimal testing strategy. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 557:117884. [PMID: 38522821 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.117884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Copy number variation sequencing (CNV-seq) is crucial in prenatal diagnosis, but its limitations in detecting polyploidy, maternal cell contamination (MCC), and uniparental disomy (UPD) restrict its application in the analysis of products of conception (POCs). This study aimed to investigate an optimal genetic testing strategy for POCs in the era of CNV-seq. METHODS CNV-seq and quantitative fluorescent polymerase chain reaction (QF-PCR) were performed in all 4,211 spontaneous miscarriage cases. Different testing strategies were compared and the optimal testing strategies were proposed. RESULTS Of the 4,211 cases, 2561 (60.82%) exhibited clinically significant chromosomal abnormalities. CNV-seq alone, without QF-PCR, might misdiagnose 311 (7.39%) cases, including 278 polyploidy, 13 UPD, and 20 MCC. In 20 MCC cases identified by QF-PCR, CNV-seq successfully pinpointed the cause of miscarriage in 13 cases. Furthermore, in cases where QF-PCR suggested polyploidy, CNV-seq improved the diagnostic accuracy in 54 (1.28%) hypo/hypertriploidy cases. After comparing four different strategies, the sequential approach (initiating with CNV-seq followed by QF-PCR if necessary) emerged as advantageous, reducing approximately 70% of the cost associated with QF-PCR while maintaining result accuracy. CONCLUSIONS We propose an initial CNV-seq followed by QF-PCR if needed-an efficient and cost-effective strategy for the genetic analysis of POCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyao Chen
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China; Institute of Birth Defects and Rare Diseases, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Han
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China; Institute of Birth Defects and Rare Diseases, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Renyi Hua
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China; Institute of Birth Defects and Rare Diseases, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Niu Li
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China; Institute of Birth Defects and Rare Diseases, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lanlan Zhang
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China; Institute of Birth Defects and Rare Diseases, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjing Hu
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China; Institute of Birth Defects and Rare Diseases, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanlin Wang
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China; Institute of Birth Defects and Rare Diseases, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhida Qian
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China; Institute of Birth Defects and Rare Diseases, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Shuyuan Li
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China; Institute of Birth Defects and Rare Diseases, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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2
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Aguilar R, Camplisson CK, Lin Q, Miga KH, Noble WS, Beliveau BJ. Tigerfish designs oligonucleotide-based in situ hybridization probes targeting intervals of highly repetitive DNA at the scale of genomes. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1027. [PMID: 38310092 PMCID: PMC10838309 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45385-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) is a powerful method for the targeted visualization of nucleic acids in their native contexts. Recent technological advances have leveraged computationally designed oligonucleotide (oligo) probes to interrogate > 100 distinct targets in the same sample, pushing the boundaries of FISH-based assays. However, even in the most highly multiplexed experiments, repetitive DNA regions are typically not included as targets, as the computational design of specific probes against such regions presents significant technical challenges. Consequently, many open questions remain about the organization and function of highly repetitive sequences. Here, we introduce Tigerfish, a software tool for the genome-scale design of oligo probes against repetitive DNA intervals. We showcase Tigerfish by designing a panel of 24 interval-specific repeat probes specific to each of the 24 human chromosomes and imaging this panel on metaphase spreads and in interphase nuclei. Tigerfish extends the powerful toolkit of oligo-based FISH to highly repetitive DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Aguilar
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Conor K Camplisson
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Qiaoyi Lin
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Karen H Miga
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - William S Noble
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Brian J Beliveau
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
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3
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Carlotto BS, Deconte D, Diniz BL, Silva PRD, Zen PRG, Silva AAD. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) as an irreplaceable diagnostic tool for Williams-Beuren syndrome in developing countries: a literature review. REVISTA PAULISTA DE PEDIATRIA : ORGAO OFICIAL DA SOCIEDADE DE PEDIATRIA DE SAO PAULO 2023; 42:e2022125. [PMID: 37436242 DOI: 10.1590/1984-0462/2023/41/2022125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to sum up and characterize all Williams-Beuren syndrome cases diagnosed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) since its implementation, as well as to discuss FISH as a cost-effective methodology in developing countries. DATA SOURCE From January 1986 to January 2022, articles were selected using the databases in PubMed (Medline) and SciELO. The following terms were used: Williams syndrome and In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence. Inclusion criteria included Williams-Beuren syndrome cases diagnosed by FISH with a stratified phenotype of each patient. Only studies written in English, Spanish, and Portuguese were included. Studies with overlapping syndromes or genetic conditions were excluded. DATA SYNTHESIS After screening, 64 articles were included. A total of 205 individuals with Williams-Beuren syndrome diagnosed by FISH were included and further analyzed. Cardiovascular malformations were the most frequent finding (85.4%). Supravalvular aortic stenosis (62.4%) and pulmonary stenosis (30.7%) were the main cardiac alterations described. CONCLUSIONS Our literature review reinforces that cardiac features may be the key to early diagnosis in Williams-Beuren syndrome patients. In addition, FISH may be the best diagnostic tool for developing nations that have limited access to new technologic resources.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Desirée Deconte
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Bruna Lixinski Diniz
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Paulo Ricardo Gazzola Zen
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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4
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Aguilar R, Camplisson CK, Lin Q, Miga KH, Noble WS, Beliveau BJ. Tigerfish designs oligonucleotide-based in situ hybridization probes targeting intervals of highly repetitive DNA at the scale of genomes. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.06.530899. [PMID: 36945528 PMCID: PMC10028787 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.06.530899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) is a powerful method for the targeted visualization of nucleic acids in their native contexts. Recent technological advances have leveraged computationally designed oligonucleotide (oligo) probes to interrogate >100 distinct targets in the same sample, pushing the boundaries of FISH-based assays. However, even in the most highly multiplexed experiments, repetitive DNA regions are typically not included as targets, as the computational design of specific probes against such regions presents significant technical challenges. Consequently, many open questions remain about the organization and function of highly repetitive sequences. Here, we introduce Tigerfish, a software tool for the genome-scale design of oligo probes against repetitive DNA intervals. We showcase Tigerfish by designing a panel of 24 interval-specific repeat probes specific to each of the 24 human chromosomes and imaging this panel on metaphase spreads and in interphase nuclei. Tigerfish extends the powerful toolkit of oligo-based FISH to highly repetitive DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Aguilar
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Qiaoyi Lin
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Karen H. Miga
- Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
- UC Santa Cruz Genomics Institute, University of California Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - William S. Noble
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Brian J. Beliveau
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Brotman Baty Institute for Precision Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
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5
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Attar S, Browning VE, Liu Y, Nichols EK, Tsue AF, Shechner DM, Shendure J, Lieberman JA, Akilesh S, Beliveau BJ. Programmable peroxidase-assisted signal amplification enables flexible detection of nucleic acid targets in cellular and histopathological specimens. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.30.526264. [PMID: 36778496 PMCID: PMC9915481 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.30.526264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In situ hybridization (ISH) is a powerful tool for investigating the spatial arrangement of nucleic acid targets in fixed samples. ISH is typically visualized using fluorophores to allow high sensitivity and multiplexing or with colorimetric labels to facilitate co-visualization with histopathological stains. Both approaches benefit from signal amplification, which makes target detection effective, rapid, and compatible with a broad range of optical systems. Here, we introduce a unified technical platform, termed 'pSABER', for the amplification of ISH signals in cell and tissue systems. pSABER decorates the in situ target with concatemeric binding sites for a horseradish peroxidase-conjugated oligonucleotide which can then catalyze the massive localized deposition of fluorescent or colorimetric substrates. We demonstrate that pSABER effectively labels DNA and RNA targets, works robustly in cultured cells and challenging formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) specimens. Furthermore, pSABER can achieve 25-fold signal amplification over conventional signal amplification by exchange reaction (SABER) and can be serially multiplexed using solution exchange. Therefore, by linking nucleic acid detection to robust signal amplification capable of diverse readouts, pSABER will have broad utility in research and clinical settings.
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6
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Cápal P, Said M, Molnár I, Doležel J. Flow Cytometric Analysis and Sorting of Plant Chromosomes. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2672:177-200. [PMID: 37335476 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3226-0_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Flow cytometry offers a unique way of analyzing and manipulating plant chromosomes. During a rapid movement in a liquid stream, large populations can be classified in a short time according to their fluorescence and light scatter properties. Chromosomes whose optical properties differ from other chromosomes in a karyotype can be purified by flow sorting and used in a range of applications in cytogenetics, molecular biology, genomics, and proteomics. As the samples for flow cytometry must be liquid suspensions of single particles, intact chromosomes must be released from mitotic cells. This protocol describes a procedure for preparation of suspensions of mitotic metaphase chromosomes from meristem root tips and their flow cytometric analysis and sorting for various downstream applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Cápal
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre of Plant Structural and Functional Genomics, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Mahmoud Said
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre of Plant Structural and Functional Genomics, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Centre, Giza, Cairo, Egypt
| | - István Molnár
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre of Plant Structural and Functional Genomics, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, ELKH, Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Jaroslav Doležel
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre of Plant Structural and Functional Genomics, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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7
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Luo S, Chen X, Yan T, Ya J, Xu Z, Cai P, Yuan D, Tang N. Application of Copy Number Variation Sequencing in Genetic Analysis of Miscarriages in Early and Middle Pregnancy. Cytogenet Genome Res 2021; 160:634-642. [PMID: 33756471 DOI: 10.1159/000512801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
High-throughput sequencing based on copy number variation (CNV-seq) is commonly used to detect chromosomal abnormalities. This study identifies chromosomal abnormalities in aborted embryos/fetuses in early and middle pregnancy and explores the application value of CNV-seq in determining the causes of pregnancy termination. High-throughput sequencing was used to detect chromosome copy number variations (CNVs) in 116 aborted embryos in early and middle pregnancy. The detection data were compared with the Database of Genomic Variants (DGV), the Database of Chromosomal Imbalance and Phenotype in Humans using Ensemble Resources (DECIPHER), and the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) database to determine the CNV type and the clinical significance. High-throughput sequencing results were successfully obtained in 109 out of 116 specimens, with a detection success rate of 93.97%. In brief, there were 64 cases with abnormal chromosome numbers and 23 cases with CNVs, in which 10 were pathogenic mutations and 13 were variants of uncertain significance. An abnormal chromosome number is the most important reason for embryo termination in early and middle pregnancy, followed by pathogenic chromosome CNVs. CNV-seq can quickly and accurately detect chromosome abnormalities and identify microdeletion and microduplication CNVs that cannot be detected by conventional chromosome analysis, which is convenient and efficient for genetic etiology diagnosis in miscarriage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqiang Luo
- Department of Medical Genetics, Liuzhou Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Liuzhou, China.,Liuzhou Institute of Reproduction and Genetics, Liuzhou Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Liuzhou, China
| | - Xingyuan Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Tizhen Yan
- Department of Medical Genetics, Liuzhou Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Liuzhou, China.,Liuzhou Institute of Reproduction and Genetics, Liuzhou Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Liuzhou, China
| | - Jiaolian Ya
- Department of Medical Genetics, Liuzhou Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Liuzhou, China.,Liuzhou Institute of Reproduction and Genetics, Liuzhou Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Liuzhou, China
| | - Zehui Xu
- Department of Medical Genetics, Liuzhou Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Liuzhou, China.,Liuzhou Institute of Reproduction and Genetics, Liuzhou Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Liuzhou, China
| | - Pengfei Cai
- Department of Medical Genetics, Liuzhou Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Liuzhou, China.,Liuzhou Institute of Reproduction and Genetics, Liuzhou Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Liuzhou, China
| | - Dejian Yuan
- Department of Medical Genetics, Liuzhou Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Liuzhou, China.,Liuzhou Institute of Reproduction and Genetics, Liuzhou Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Liuzhou, China
| | - Ning Tang
- Department of Medical Genetics, Liuzhou Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Liuzhou, China, .,Liuzhou Institute of Reproduction and Genetics, Liuzhou Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Liuzhou, China,
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8
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Blesa S, Olivares MD, Alic AS, Serrano A, Lendinez V, González-Albert V, Olivares L, Martínez-Hervás S, Juanes JM, Marín P, Real JT, Navarro B, García-García AB, Chaves FJ, Ivorra C. Easy One-Step Amplification and Labeling Procedure for Copy Number Variation Detection. Clin Chem 2020; 66:463-473. [PMID: 32068788 DOI: 10.1093/clinchem/hvaa002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The specific characteristics of copy number variations (CNVs) require specific methods of detection and characterization. We developed the Easy One-Step Amplification and Labeling procedure for CNV detection (EOSAL-CNV), a new method based on proportional amplification and labeling of amplicons in 1 PCR. METHODS We used tailed primers for specific amplification and a pair of labeling probes (only 1 labeled) for amplification and labeling of all amplicons in just 1 reaction. Products were loaded directly onto a capillary DNA sequencer for fragment sizing and quantification. Data obtained could be analyzed by Microsoft Excel spreadsheet or EOSAL-CNV analysis software. We developed the protocol using the LDLR (low density lipoprotein receptor) gene including 23 samples with 8 different CNVs. After optimizing the protocol, it was used for genes in the following multiplexes: BRCA1 (BRCA1 DNA repair associated), BRCA2 (BRCA2 DNA repair associated), CHEK2 (checkpoint kinase 2), MLH1 (mutL homolog 1) plus MSH6 (mutS homolog 6), MSH2 (mutS homolog 2) plus EPCAM (epithelial cell adhesion molecule) and chromosome 17 (especially the TP53 [tumor protein 53] gene). We compared our procedure with multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA). RESULTS The simple procedure for CNV detection required 150 min, with <10 min of handwork. After analyzing >240 samples, EOSAL-CNV excluded the presence of CNVs in all controls, and in all cases, results were identical using MLPA and EOSAL-CNV. Analysis of the 17p region in tumor samples showed 100% similarity between fluorescent in situ hybridization and EOSAL-CNV. CONCLUSIONS EOSAL-CNV allowed reliable, fast, easy detection and characterization of CNVs. It provides an alternative to targeted analysis methods such as MLPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián Blesa
- Genomic and Genetic Diagnosis Unit, INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute (UGDG, INCLIVA), Valencia, Valencian Community, Spain
| | - María D Olivares
- I+D+I Department, Sequencing Multiplex SL (I+d+I, Seqplexing), Serra, Valencian Community, Spain
| | - Andy S Alic
- I+D+I Department, Sequencing Multiplex SL (I+d+I, Seqplexing), Serra, Valencian Community, Spain
| | - Alicia Serrano
- Hematology Department, Clinical University Hospital of Valencia (HCUV), Valencia, Valencian Community, Spain.,Physiology Department, University of Valencia (FD, UV), Valencia, Valencian Community, Spain
| | - Verónica Lendinez
- Genomic and Genetic Diagnosis Unit, INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute (UGDG, INCLIVA), Valencia, Valencian Community, Spain
| | - Verónica González-Albert
- Genomic and Genetic Diagnosis Unit, INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute (UGDG, INCLIVA), Valencia, Valencian Community, Spain
| | - Laura Olivares
- Genomic and Genetic Diagnosis Unit, INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute (UGDG, INCLIVA), Valencia, Valencian Community, Spain
| | - Sergio Martínez-Hervás
- Endocrinology Service, Clinical University Hospital of Valencia (HCUV), Valencia, Valencian Community, Spain
| | - José M Juanes
- Genomic and Genetic Diagnosis Unit, INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute (UGDG, INCLIVA), Valencia, Valencian Community, Spain
| | - Pablo Marín
- Computational and Clinical Genomics Department, Kanteron Systems SLU (CCGD, Kanteron), Valencia, Valencian Community, Spain
| | - Jose T Real
- Endocrinology Service, Clinical University Hospital of Valencia (HCUV), Valencia, Valencian Community, Spain.,Department of Medicine, University of Valencia (DM; UV), Valencia, Valencian Community, Spain
| | - Blanca Navarro
- Hematology Department, Clinical University Hospital of Valencia (HCUV), Valencia, Valencian Community, Spain.,Physiology Department, University of Valencia (FD, UV), Valencia, Valencian Community, Spain
| | - Ana B García-García
- Genomic and Genetic Diagnosis Unit, INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute (UGDG, INCLIVA), Valencia, Valencian Community, Spain.,CIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Autonomous Community of Madrid, Spain
| | - Felipe J Chaves
- Genomic and Genetic Diagnosis Unit, INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute (UGDG, INCLIVA), Valencia, Valencian Community, Spain.,I+D+I Department, Sequencing Multiplex SL (I+d+I, Seqplexing), Serra, Valencian Community, Spain.,CIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Autonomous Community of Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Ivorra
- I+D+I Department, Sequencing Multiplex SL (I+d+I, Seqplexing), Serra, Valencian Community, Spain
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9
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Taheri F, Khalili MA, Kalantar SM, Fesahat F, Montazeri F, Palmerini MG, Woodward B. Generation of viable blastocysts from discarded human cleavage embryos. MIDDLE EAST FERTILITY SOCIETY JOURNAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s43043-020-00028-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
While a relationship between embryo morphology, developmental ability, and genetic integrity exists, the selection of embryos with higher implantation potential remains a major challenge in assisted reproductive technology (ART). This study investigated blastocyst developmental competence and euploidy status in human embryos that had been classed as too poor quality to transfer (ET) or cryopreserve at the cleavage stage.
Embryos were divided into three groups. Group 1 (n = 41) included good quality embryos from candidates of preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A). Groups II and III were the “rejected” supernumerary embryos, defined as suboptimal for ET or vitrification after morphological examination, with embryos randomly divided between the groups. Group II embryos (n = 31) were cultured up to the day 3 cleavage stage, when they were biopsied and fixed. Group III embryos (n = 27) were cultured up to the day 5 blastocyst stage, when they were evaluated for morphology and chromosomal status. Chromosomal status in all groups was assessed by multi-color fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for chromosomes 13, 18, 21, X, and Y.
Results
Euploidy rates in groups I, II, and III were 56.1%, 38.7%, and 55.5 %, respectively. Among the blastocysts that developed from “rejected” embryos, 59.3% were classed as good quality. The most frequent chromosomal aneuploidy was related to the sex chromosome (22.2%). The mosaicism rate was not significantly different between the group II and III embryos (25.8% vs. 37.0%, p = 0.28).
Conclusion
In conclusion, surplus poor-quality embryos rejected from clinical utilization at the cleavage stage may develop into viable blastocysts with normal chromosomal status for at least 5 chromosomes. Recovery of euploidy during poor-quality embryo transition from cleavage stage to blastocyst could provide an alternative choice for ET.
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10
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Jenko Bizjan B, Katsila T, Tesovnik T, Šket R, Debeljak M, Matsoukas MT, Kovač J. Challenges in identifying large germline structural variants for clinical use by long read sequencing. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2019; 18:83-92. [PMID: 32099591 PMCID: PMC7026727 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2019.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Genomic structural variations, previously considered rare events, are widely recognized as a major source of inter-individual variability and hence, a major hurdle in optimum patient stratification and disease management. Herein, we focus on large complex germline structural variations and present challenges towards target treatment via the synergy of state-of-the-art approaches and information technology tools. A complex structural variation detection remains challenging, as there is no gold standard for identifying such genomic variations with long reads, especially when the chromosomal rearrangement in question is a few Mb in length. A clinical case with a large complex chromosomal rearrangement serves as a paradigm. We feel that functional validation and data interpretation are of outmost importance for information growth to be translated into knowledge growth and hence, new working practices are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Jenko Bizjan
- Clinical Institute of Special Laboratory Diagnostics, University Children’s Hospital, UMC, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Theodora Katsila
- Institute of Chemical Biology, National Hellenic Research Centre, Athens, Greece
| | - Tine Tesovnik
- Clinical Institute of Special Laboratory Diagnostics, University Children’s Hospital, UMC, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Robert Šket
- Clinical Institute of Special Laboratory Diagnostics, University Children’s Hospital, UMC, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Maruša Debeljak
- Clinical Institute of Special Laboratory Diagnostics, University Children’s Hospital, UMC, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | - Jernej Kovač
- Clinical Institute of Special Laboratory Diagnostics, University Children’s Hospital, UMC, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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11
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Kishi JY, Lapan SW, Beliveau BJ, West ER, Zhu A, Sasaki HM, Saka SK, Wang Y, Cepko CL, Yin P. SABER amplifies FISH: enhanced multiplexed imaging of RNA and DNA in cells and tissues. Nat Methods 2019; 16:533-544. [PMID: 31110282 PMCID: PMC6544483 DOI: 10.1038/s41592-019-0404-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 241] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) reveals the abundance and positioning of nucleic acid sequences in fixed samples. Despite recent advances in multiplexed amplification of FISH signals, it remains challenging to achieve high levels of simultaneous amplification and sequential detection with high sampling efficiency and simple workflows. Here we introduce signal amplification by exchange reaction (SABER), which endows oligonucleotide-based FISH probes with long, single-stranded DNA concatemers that aggregate a multitude of short complementary fluorescent imager strands. We show that SABER amplified RNA and DNA FISH signals (5- to 450-fold) in fixed cells and tissues. We also applied 17 orthogonal amplifiers against chromosomal targets simultaneously and detected mRNAs with high efficiency. We then used 10-plex SABER-FISH to identify in vivo introduced enhancers with cell-type-specific activity in the mouse retina. SABER represents a simple and versatile molecular toolkit for rapid and cost-effective multiplexed imaging of nucleic acid targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jocelyn Y Kishi
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sylvain W Lapan
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brian J Beliveau
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Emma R West
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Allen Zhu
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hiroshi M Sasaki
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sinem K Saka
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yu Wang
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Constance L Cepko
- Department of Genetics, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA.
| | - Peng Yin
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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12
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Pećina-Šlaus N, Kafka A, Gotovac Jerčić K, Logara M, Bukovac A, Bakarić R, Borovečki F. Comparable Genomic Copy Number Aberrations Differ across Astrocytoma Malignancy Grades. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20051251. [PMID: 30871102 PMCID: PMC6429132 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20051251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
A collection of intracranial astrocytomas of different malignancy grades was analyzed for copy number aberrations (CNA) in order to identify regions that are driving cancer pathogenesis. Astrocytomas were analyzed by Array Comparative Genomic Hybridization (aCGH) and bioinformatics utilizing a Bioconductor package, Genomic Identification of Significant Targets in Cancer (GISTIC) 2.0.23 and DAVID software. Altogether, 1438 CNA were found of which losses prevailed. On our total sample, significant deletions affected 14 chromosomal regions, out of which deletions at 17p13.2, 9p21.3, 13q12.11, 22q12.3 remained significant even at 0.05 q-value. When divided into malignancy groups, the regions identified as significantly deleted in high grades were: 9p21.3; 17p13.2; 10q24.2; 14q21.3; 1p36.11 and 13q12.11, while amplified were: 3q28; 12q13.3 and 21q22.3. Low grades comprised significant deletions at 3p14.3; 11p15.4; 15q15.1; 16q22.1; 20q11.22 and 22q12.3 indicating their involvement in early stages of tumorigenesis. Significantly enriched pathways were: PI3K-Akt, Cytokine-cytokine receptor, the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)–like receptor, Jak-STAT, retinoic acid-inducible gene (RIG)-I-like receptor and Toll-like receptor pathways. HPV and herpex simplex infection and inflammation pathways were also represented. The present study brings new data to astrocytoma research amplifying the wide spectrum of changes that could help us identify the regions critical for tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nives Pećina-Šlaus
- Laboratory of Neurooncology, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine University of Zagreb, Šalata 12, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
- Department of Biology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Šalata 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Anja Kafka
- Laboratory of Neurooncology, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine University of Zagreb, Šalata 12, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
- Department of Biology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Šalata 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Kristina Gotovac Jerčić
- Department for Functional Genomics, Center for Translational and Clinical Research, University of Zagreb, School of Medicine and University Hospital Center Zagreb, Šalata 2, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | | | - Anja Bukovac
- Laboratory of Neurooncology, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, School of Medicine University of Zagreb, Šalata 12, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
- Department of Biology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Šalata 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | | | - Fran Borovečki
- Department for Functional Genomics, Center for Translational and Clinical Research, University of Zagreb, School of Medicine and University Hospital Center Zagreb, Šalata 2, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Kišpatićeva 12, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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13
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Sarun KH, Lee K, Williams M, Wright CM, Clarke CJ, Cheng NC, Takahashi K, Cheng YY. Genomic Deletion of BAP1 and CDKN2A Are Useful Markers for Quality Control of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma (MPM) Primary Cultures. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19103056. [PMID: 30301262 PMCID: PMC6213505 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a deadly cancer that is caused by asbestos exposure and that has limited treatment options. The current standard of MPM diagnosis requires the testing of multiple immunohistochemical (IHC) markers on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue to differentiate MPM from other lung malignancies. To date, no single biomarker exists for definitive diagnosis of MPM due to the lack of specificity and sensitivity; therefore, there is ongoing research and development in order to identify alternative biomarkers for this purpose. In this study, we utilized primary MPM cell lines and tested the expression of clinically used biomarker panels, including CK8/18, Calretinin, CK 5/6, CD141, HBME-1, WT-1, D2-40, EMA, CEA, TAG72, BG8, CD15, TTF-1, BAP1, and Ber-Ep4. The genomic alteration of CDNK2A and BAP1 is common in MPM and has potential diagnostic value. Changes in CDKN2A and BAP1 genomic expression were confirmed in MPM samples in the current study using Fluorescence In situ Hybridization (FISH) analysis or copy number variation (CNV) analysis with digital droplet PCR (ddPCR). To determine whether MPM tissue and cell lines were comparable in terms of molecular alterations, IHC marker expression was analyzed in both sample types. The percentage of MPM biomarker levels showed variation between original tissue and matched cells established in culture. Genomic deletions of BAP1 and CDKN2A, however, showed consistent levels between the two. The data from this study suggest that genomic deletion analysis may provide more accurate biomarker options for MPM diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadir Harun Sarun
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia.
| | - Kenneth Lee
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia.
- Anatomical Pathology Department, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia.
- School of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Marissa Williams
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia.
- School of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Casey Maree Wright
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia.
| | - Candice Julie Clarke
- Anatomical Pathology Department, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia.
| | - Ngan Ching Cheng
- Liver Injury and Cancer Program, Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia.
| | - Ken Takahashi
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia.
| | - Yuen Yee Cheng
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2139, Australia.
- School of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
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14
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da Silva HPV, Oliveira GHDM, Ururahy MAG, Bezerra JF, de Souza KSC, Bortolin RH, Luchessi AD, Silbiger VN, Lima VMGDM, Leite GCP, Brito MEF, Ribeiro EM, Gil-da-Silva-Lopes VL, de Rezende AA. Application of high-resolution array platform for genome-wide copy number variation analysis in patients with nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate. J Clin Lab Anal 2018; 32:e22428. [PMID: 29512191 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.22428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although more than 14 loci may be involved in the development of nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate (NSCLP), the etiology has not been fully elucidated due to genetic and environmental risk factor interactions. Despite advances in identifying genes associated with the NSCLP development using traditional genetic mapping strategies of candidate genes, genome-wide studies, and epidemiologic and linkage analysis, microarray techniques have become important complementary tools in the search for potential causative oral clefts genes in genetic studies. Microarray hybridization enables scanning of the whole genome and detecting copy number variants (CNVs). Although common benign CNVs are often smaller, with sizes smaller than 20 kb, here we reveal small exonic CNVs based on the importance of the encompassed genes in cleft lip and palate phenotype. METHODS Microarray hybridization analysis was performed in 15 individuals with NSCLP. RESULTS We identified 11 exonic CNVs affecting at least one exon of the candidate genes. Thirteen candidate genes (COL11A1-1p21; IRF6-1q32.3; MSX1-4p16.2; TERT-5p15.33; MIR4457-5p15.33; CLPTM1L-5p15.33; ESR1-6q25.1; GLI3-7p13; FGFR-8p11.23; TBX1-22q11.21; OFD-Xp22; PHF8-Xp11.22; and FLNA-Xq28) overlapped with the CNVs identified. CONCLUSIONS Considering the importance to NSCLP, the microdeletions that encompass MSX1, microduplications over TERT, MIR4457, CLPTM1L, and microduplication of PHF8 have been identified as small CNVs related to sequence variants associated with oral clefts susceptibility. Our findings represent a preliminary study on the clinical significance of small CNVs and their relationship with genes implicated in NSCLP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - João Felipe Bezerra
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | | | - Raul Hernandes Bortolin
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - André Ducati Luchessi
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Vivian Nogueira Silbiger
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Adriana Augusto de Rezende
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
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15
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Beliveau BJ, Kishi JY, Nir G, Sasaki HM, Saka SK, Nguyen SC, Wu CT, Yin P. OligoMiner provides a rapid, flexible environment for the design of genome-scale oligonucleotide in situ hybridization probes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E2183-E2192. [PMID: 29463736 PMCID: PMC5877937 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1714530115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Oligonucleotide (oligo)-based FISH has emerged as an important tool for the study of chromosome organization and gene expression and has been empowered by the commercial availability of highly complex pools of oligos. However, a dedicated bioinformatic design utility has yet to be created specifically for the purpose of identifying optimal oligo FISH probe sequences on the genome-wide scale. Here, we introduce OligoMiner, a rapid and robust computational pipeline for the genome-scale design of oligo FISH probes that affords the scientist exact control over the parameters of each probe. Our streamlined method uses standard bioinformatic file formats, allowing users to seamlessly integrate new and existing utilities into the pipeline as desired, and introduces a method for evaluating the specificity of each probe molecule that connects simulated hybridization energetics to rapidly generated sequence alignments using supervised machine learning. We demonstrate the scalability of our approach by performing genome-scale probe discovery in numerous model organism genomes and showcase the performance of the resulting probes with diffraction-limited and single-molecule superresolution imaging of chromosomal and RNA targets. We anticipate that this pipeline will make the FISH probe design process much more accessible and will more broadly facilitate the design of pools of hybridization probes for a variety of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J Beliveau
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115;
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Jocelyn Y Kishi
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Guy Nir
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Hiroshi M Sasaki
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Sinem K Saka
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Son C Nguyen
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Chao-Ting Wu
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Peng Yin
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115;
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
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16
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Yoshihara M, Hayashizaki Y, Murakawa Y. Genomic Instability of iPSCs: Challenges Towards Their Clinical Applications. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2017; 13:7-16. [PMID: 27592701 PMCID: PMC5346115 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-016-9680-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are a type of pluripotent stem cells generated directly from mature cells through the introduction of key transcription factors. iPSCs can be propagated and differentiated into many cell types in the human body, holding enormous potential in the field of regenerative medicine. However, genomic instability of iPSCs has been reported with the advent of high-throughput technologies such as next-generation sequencing. The presence of genetic variations in iPSCs has raised serious safety concerns, hampering the advancement of iPSC-based novel therapies. Here we summarize our current knowledge on genomic instability of iPSCs, with a particular focus on types of genetic variations and their origins. Importantly, it remains elusive whether genetic variations in iPSCs can be an actual risk factor for adverse effects including malignant outgrowth. Furthermore, we discuss novel approaches to generate iPSCs with fewer genetic variations. Lastly, we outline the safety issues and monitoring strategies of iPSCs in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahito Yoshihara
- Division of Genomic Technologies, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.,Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Yasuhiro Murakawa
- Division of Genomic Technologies, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan. .,RIKEN Preventive Medicine and Diagnosis Innovation Program, Wako, Saitama, Japan.
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17
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Pinto AM, Ariani F, Bianciardi L, Daga S, Renieri A. Exploiting the potential of next-generation sequencing in genomic medicine. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2017; 16:1037-47. [PMID: 27574853 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2016.1224181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The review highlights the impact of next-generation sequencing (NGS) on genomic medicine and the consequences of the progression from a single-gene panel technology to a whole exome sequencing approach. AREAS COVERED We brought together literature-based evidences, personal unpublished data and clinical experience to provide a critical overview of the impact of NGS on our daily clinical practice. Expert commentary: NGS has changed the role of clinical geneticist and has broadened the view accomplishing a transition from a monogenic Mendelian perspective to an oligogenic approach to disorders. Thus, it is a compelling new expertise which combines clinical evaluation with big omics data interpretation and moves forward to phenotype re-evaluation in light of data analysis. We introduced the term, 'exotyping', to highlight this holistic approach. Further, the review discusses the impact that the combination of genetic reprogramming and transcriptome analysis will have on the discovery of evidence-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Pinto
- a Medical Genetics , University of Siena , Siena , Italy.,b Genetica Medica , Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese , Siena , Italy
| | - Francesca Ariani
- a Medical Genetics , University of Siena , Siena , Italy.,b Genetica Medica , Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese , Siena , Italy
| | | | - Sergio Daga
- a Medical Genetics , University of Siena , Siena , Italy
| | - Alessandra Renieri
- a Medical Genetics , University of Siena , Siena , Italy.,b Genetica Medica , Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Senese , Siena , Italy
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18
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Dumitru C, Constantin C, Popp C, Cioplea M, Zurac S, Vassu T, Neagu M. Innovative array-based assay for omics pattern in melanoma. J Immunoassay Immunochem 2017; 38:343-354. [PMID: 28613106 DOI: 10.1080/15321819.2017.1340898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Cutaneous melanoma remains a major health issue and still an important challenge for research. Thus, omics complex evaluation can provide a more specific molecular classification for this heterogeneous disease. Complex omics analysis based on genomic and proteomic microarrays can identify disease markers that prognosticate disease evolution or can monitor therapies efficacy. Among the technologies that gained momentum in the last years, array-based comparative genomic hybridization offered the possibility to analyze chromosomal numerical aberrations within cutaneous melanomas providing important support for molecular classification of melanoma tumors. This technology can identify new chromosomal alterations and discover new deregulated melanoma genes that can be further used as therapy targets. Integrating genetic profiling with clinical and pathological parameters would lead to seminal improvements in diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Dumitru
- a Department of Pathology , "Colentina" Clinical Hospital , Bucharest , Romania
| | - Carolina Constantin
- a Department of Pathology , "Colentina" Clinical Hospital , Bucharest , Romania
- b Department of Immunology , "Victor Babes" National Institute of Pathology , Bucharest , Romania
| | - Cristiana Popp
- a Department of Pathology , "Colentina" Clinical Hospital , Bucharest , Romania
- c Department of Physiology "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Bucharest , Romania
| | - Mirela Cioplea
- a Department of Pathology , "Colentina" Clinical Hospital , Bucharest , Romania
- c Department of Physiology "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Bucharest , Romania
| | - Sabina Zurac
- a Department of Pathology , "Colentina" Clinical Hospital , Bucharest , Romania
- c Department of Physiology "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Bucharest , Romania
| | - Tatiana Vassu
- d Faculty of Biology , University of Bucharest , Bucharest , Romania
| | - Monica Neagu
- a Department of Pathology , "Colentina" Clinical Hospital , Bucharest , Romania
- b Department of Immunology , "Victor Babes" National Institute of Pathology , Bucharest , Romania
- d Faculty of Biology , University of Bucharest , Bucharest , Romania
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19
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Sinha N, A. Seeley M, S. Horwitz D, Maniar H, H. Seeley A. Pediatric Orthogenomics: The Latest Trends and Controversies. AIMS MEDICAL SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.3934/medsci.2017.2.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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20
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Szczałuba K, Jakubiuk-Tomaszuk A, Kędzior M, Bernaciak J, Zdrodowska J, Kurzątkowski W, Radkowski M, Demkow U. Cytogenomic Evaluation of Children with Congenital Anomalies: Critical Implications for Diagnostic Testing and Genetic Counseling. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 912:11-9. [PMID: 26987321 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2016_234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Identification of submicroscopic chromosomal aberrations, as a cause of structural malformations, is currently performed by MLPA (multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification) or array CGH (array comparative genomic hybridization) techniques. The aim of this study was the evaluation of diagnostic usefulness of MLPA and array CGH in patients with congenital malformations or abnormalities (at least one major or minor birth defect, including dysmorphism) with or without intellectual disability or developmental delay and the optimization of genetic counseling in the context of the results obtained. The MLPA and array CGH were performed in 91 patients diagnosed with developmental disorders and major or minor congenital anomalies. A total of 49 MLPA tests toward common microdeletion syndromes, 42 MLPA tests for subtelomeric regions of chromosomes, two tests for common aberrations in autism, and five array CGH tests were performed. Eight (9 %) patients were diagnosed with microdeletion MLPA, four (4 %) patients with subtelomeric MLPA, one (1 %) patient with autism MLPA. Further three (3 %) individuals had rearrangements diagnosed by array CGH. Altogether, chromosomal microaberrations were found in 16 patients (17 %). All the MLPA-detected rearrangements were found to be pathogenic, but none detected with array CGH could unequivocally be interpreted as pathogenic. In patients with congenital anomalies, the application of MLPA and array CGH techniques is efficient in detecting syndromic and unique microrearrangements. Consistent pre-MLPA test phenotyping leads to better post-test genetic counseling. Incomplete penetrance and unknown inheritance of detected variants are major issues in clinical interpretation of array CGH data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Szczałuba
- MedGen Medical Center, Warsaw, Poland.
- Medical Genetics Unit, Mastermed Medical Center, Białystok, Poland.
| | | | - Marta Kędzior
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Bernaciak
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | - Marek Radkowski
- Department of Immunopathology of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Urszula Demkow
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics and Clinical Immunology of Developmental Age, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland
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Abstract
The association between chromosomal abnormalities and reduced fertility in domestic animals is well recorded and has been studied for decades. Chromosome aberrations directly affect meiosis, gametogenesis, and the viability of zygotes and embryos. In some instances, balanced structural rearrangements can be transmitted, causing fertility problems in subsequent generations. Here, we aim to give a comprehensive overview of the current status and future prospects of clinical cytogenetics of animal reproduction by focusing on the advances in molecular cytogenetics during the genomics era. We describe how advancing knowledge about animal genomes has improved our understanding of connections between gross structural or molecular chromosome variations and reproductive disorders. Further, we expand on a key area of reproduction genetics: cytogenetics of animal gametes and embryos. Finally, we describe how traditional cytogenetics is interfacing with advanced genomics approaches, such as array technologies and next-generation sequencing, and speculate about the future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terje Raudsepp
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-4458;
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22
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Nersesyan A, Fenech M, Bolognesi C, Mišík M, Setayesh T, Wultsch G, Bonassi S, Thomas P, Knasmüller S. Use of the lymphocyte cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay in occupational biomonitoring of genome damage caused by in vivo exposure to chemical genotoxins: Past, present and future. MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2016; 770:1-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2016.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Revised: 04/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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23
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Akopyan HR, Kushniruk VO, Mykytenko DO, Huleuk NL, Kremenskaya Y, Lukash LL. Chromosomal DNA balance in human stem cell line 4BL. CYTOL GENET+ 2016. [DOI: 10.3103/s0095452716040022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Abstract
The Cas9 protein (CRISPR-associated protein 9), derived from type II CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) bacterial immune systems, is emerging as a powerful tool for engineering the genome in diverse organisms. As an RNA-guided DNA endonuclease, Cas9 can be easily programmed to target new sites by altering its guide RNA sequence, and its development as a tool has made sequence-specific gene editing several magnitudes easier. The nuclease-deactivated form of Cas9 further provides a versatile RNA-guided DNA-targeting platform for regulating and imaging the genome, as well as for rewriting the epigenetic status, all in a sequence-specific manner. With all of these advances, we have just begun to explore the possible applications of Cas9 in biomedical research and therapeutics. In this review, we describe the current models of Cas9 function and the structural and biochemical studies that support it. We focus on the applications of Cas9 for genome editing, regulation, and imaging, discuss other possible applications and some technical considerations, and highlight the many advantages that CRISPR/Cas9 technology offers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haifeng Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305; , ,
| | - Marie La Russa
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305; , ,
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, California 94158
| | - Lei S Qi
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305; , ,
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305
- Chemistry, Engineering and Medicine for Human Health (ChEM-H), Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305
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25
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Rosenfeld JA, Patel A. Chromosomal Microarrays: Understanding Genetics of Neurodevelopmental Disorders and Congenital Anomalies. J Pediatr Genet 2016; 6:42-50. [PMID: 28180026 DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1584306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Chromosomal microarray (CMA) testing, used to identify DNA copy number variations (CNVs), has helped advance knowledge about genetics of human neurodevelopmental disease and congenital anomalies. It has aided in discovering new CNV syndromes and uncovering disease genes. It has discovered CNVs that are not fully penetrant and/or cause a spectrum of phenotypes, including intellectual disability, autism, schizophrenia, and dysmorphisms. Such CNVs can pose challenges to genetic counseling. They also have helped increase knowledge of genetic risk factors for neurodevelopmental disease and raised awareness of possible shared etiologies among these variable phenotypes. Advances in CMA technology allow CNV identification at increasingly finer scales, improving detection of pathogenic changes, although these sometimes are difficult to distinguish from normal population variation. This paper confronts some of the challenges uncovered by CMA testing while reviewing advances in genetics and the clinical use of this test that has replaced standard karyotyping in most genetic evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill A Rosenfeld
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States; Baylor Miraca Genetics Laboratories, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Ankita Patel
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States; Baylor Miraca Genetics Laboratories, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States
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Iourov IY, Vorsanova SG, Demidova IA, Aliamovskaia GA, Keshishian ES, Yurov YB. 5p13.3p13.2 duplication associated with developmental delay, congenital malformations and chromosome instability manifested as low-level aneuploidy. SPRINGERPLUS 2015; 4:616. [PMID: 26543751 PMCID: PMC4628017 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-015-1399-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Recent developments in molecular cytogenetics allow the detection of genomic rearrangements at an unprecedented level leading to discoveries of previously unknown chromosomal imbalances (zygotic and post-zygotic/mosaic). These can be accompanied by a different kind of pathological genome variations, i.e. chromosome instability (CIN) manifested as structural chromosomal rearrangements and low-level mosaic aneuploidy. Fortunately, combining whole-genome and single-cell molecular cytogenetic techniques with bioinformatics offers an opportunity to link genomic changes to specific molecular or cellular pathology. High-resolution chromosomal SNP microarray analysis was performed to study the genome of a 15-month-aged boy presented with developmental delay, congenital malformations, feeding problems, deafness, epileptiform activity, and eye pathology. In addition, somatic chromosomal mutations (CIN) were analyzed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Interstitial 5p13.3p13.2 duplication was revealed in the index patient. Moreover, CIN manifested almost exclusively as chromosome losses and gains (aneuploidy) was detected. Using bioinformatic analysis of SNP array data and FISH results, CIN association with the genomic imbalance resulted from the duplication was proposed. The duplication was demonstrated to encompass genes implicated in cell cycle, programmed cell death, chromosome segregation and genome stability maintenance pathways as shown by an interactomic analysis. Genotype-phenotype correlations were observed, as well. To the best our knowledge, identical duplications have not been reported in the available literature. Apart from genotype-phenotype correlations, it was possible to propose a link between the duplication and CIN (aneuploidy). This case study demonstrates that combining SNP array genomic analysis, bioinformatics and molecular cytogenetic evaluation of somatic genome variations is able to provide a view on cellular and molecular pathology in a personalized manner. Therefore, one can speculate that similar approaches targeting both interindividual and intercellular genomic variations could be useful for a better understanding of disease mechanisms and disease-related biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Y Iourov
- Mental Health Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, 117152 Russia ; Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov, Separated Structural Unit "Clinical Research Institute of Pediatrics", Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, Moscow, 125412 Russia ; Department of Medical Genetics, Russian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Moscow, 123995 Russia
| | - Svetlana G Vorsanova
- Mental Health Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, 117152 Russia ; Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov, Separated Structural Unit "Clinical Research Institute of Pediatrics", Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, Moscow, 125412 Russia
| | - Irina A Demidova
- Mental Health Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, 117152 Russia ; Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov, Separated Structural Unit "Clinical Research Institute of Pediatrics", Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, Moscow, 125412 Russia
| | - Galina A Aliamovskaia
- Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov, Separated Structural Unit "Clinical Research Institute of Pediatrics", Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, Moscow, 125412 Russia
| | - Elena S Keshishian
- Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov, Separated Structural Unit "Clinical Research Institute of Pediatrics", Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, Moscow, 125412 Russia
| | - Yuri B Yurov
- Mental Health Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, 117152 Russia ; Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov, Separated Structural Unit "Clinical Research Institute of Pediatrics", Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, Moscow, 125412 Russia
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Andrews PW, Baker D, Benvinisty N, Miranda B, Bruce K, Brüstle O, Choi M, Choi YM, Crook JM, de Sousa PA, Dvorak P, Freund C, Firpo M, Furue MK, Gokhale P, Ha HY, Han E, Haupt S, Healy L, Hei DJ, Hovatta O, Hunt C, Hwang SM, Inamdar MS, Isasi RM, Jaconi M, Jekerle V, Kamthorn P, Kibbey MC, Knezevic I, Knowles BB, Koo SK, Laabi Y, Leopoldo L, Liu P, Lomax GP, Loring JF, Ludwig TE, Montgomery K, Mummery C, Nagy A, Nakamura Y, Nakatsuji N, Oh S, Oh SK, Otonkoski T, Pera M, Peschanski M, Pranke P, Rajala KM, Rao M, Ruttachuk R, Reubinoff B, Ricco L, Rooke H, Sipp D, Stacey GN, Suemori H, Takahashi TA, Takada K, Talib S, Tannenbaum S, Yuan BZ, Zeng F, Zhou Q. Points to consider in the development of seed stocks of pluripotent stem cells for clinical applications: International Stem Cell Banking Initiative (ISCBI). Regen Med 2015; 10:1-44. [PMID: 25675265 DOI: 10.2217/rme.14.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- P W Andrews
- Department of Biomedical Science, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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Liu S, Song L, Cram DS, Xiong L, Wang K, Wu R, Liu J, Deng K, Jia B, Zhong M, Yang F. Traditional karyotyping vs copy number variation sequencing for detection of chromosomal abnormalities associated with spontaneous miscarriage. ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2015; 46:472-477. [PMID: 25767059 DOI: 10.1002/uog.14849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2014] [Revised: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare the performance of traditional G-banding karyotyping with that of copy number variation sequencing (CNV-Seq) for detection of chromosomal abnormalities associated with miscarriage. METHODS Products of conception (POC) were collected from spontaneous miscarriages. Chromosomal abnormalities were detected using high-resolution G-banding karyotyping and CNV sequencing. Quantitative fluorescent polymerase chain reaction analysis of maternal and POC DNA for short tandem repeat (STR) markers was used to both monitor maternal cell contamination and confirm the chromosomal status and sex of the miscarriage tissue. RESULTS A total of 64 samples of POC, comprising 16 with an abnormal and 48 with a normal karyotype, were selected and coded for analysis by CNV-Seq. CNV-Seq results were concordant for 14 (87.5%) of the 16 gross chromosomal abnormalities identified by karyotyping, including 11 autosomal trisomies and three sex chromosomal aneuploidies (45,X). Of the two discordant results, a 69,XXX polyploidy was missed by CNV-Seq, although supporting STR marker analysis confirmed the triploidy. In contrast, CNV-Seq identified a sample with 45,X karyotype as a 45,X/46,XY mosaic. In the remaining 48 samples of POC with a normal karyotype, CNV-Seq detected a 2.58-Mb 22q deletion associated with DiGeorge syndrome and nine different smaller CNVs of no apparent clinical significance. CONCLUSIONS CNV-Seq used in parallel with STR profiling is a reliable and accurate alternative to karyotyping for identifying chromosome copy number abnormalities associated with spontaneous miscarriage.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Liu
- Southern Medical University, Nanfang Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Technology Center of Prenatal Diagnosis and Genetic Diseases Diagnosis, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - L Song
- Southern Medical University, Nanfang Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Technology Center of Prenatal Diagnosis and Genetic Diseases Diagnosis, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - D S Cram
- Berry Genomics, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
| | - L Xiong
- Southern Medical University, Nanfang Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Technology Center of Prenatal Diagnosis and Genetic Diseases Diagnosis, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - K Wang
- Southern Medical University, Nanfang Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Technology Center of Prenatal Diagnosis and Genetic Diseases Diagnosis, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - R Wu
- Southern Medical University, Nanfang Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Technology Center of Prenatal Diagnosis and Genetic Diseases Diagnosis, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - J Liu
- Southern Medical University, Nanfang Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - K Deng
- Southern Medical University, Nanfang Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Technology Center of Prenatal Diagnosis and Genetic Diseases Diagnosis, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - B Jia
- Southern Medical University, Nanfang Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Technology Center of Prenatal Diagnosis and Genetic Diseases Diagnosis, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - M Zhong
- Southern Medical University, Nanfang Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Technology Center of Prenatal Diagnosis and Genetic Diseases Diagnosis, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - F Yang
- Southern Medical University, Nanfang Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Technology Center of Prenatal Diagnosis and Genetic Diseases Diagnosis, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Cytogenomic Evaluation of Subjects with Syndromic and Nonsyndromic Conotruncal Heart Defects. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:401941. [PMID: 26137477 PMCID: PMC4475533 DOI: 10.1155/2015/401941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2015] [Revised: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 05/03/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite considerable advances in the detection of genomic abnormalities in congenital heart disease (CHD), the etiology of CHD remains largely unknown. CHD is the most common birth defect and is a major cause of infant morbidity and mortality, and conotruncal defects constitute 20% of all CHD cases. We used array comparative genomic hybridization (array-CGH) to retrospectively study 60 subjects with conotruncal defects and identify genomic imbalances. The DNA copy number variations (CNVs) detected were matched with data from genomic databases, and their clinical significance was evaluated. We found that 38.3% (23/60) of CHD cases possessed genomic imbalances. In 8.3% (5/60) of these cases, the imbalances were causal or potentially causal CNVs; in 8.3% (5/60), unclassified CNVs were identified; and in 21.6% (13/60), common variants were detected. Although the interpretation of the results must be refined and there is not yet a consensus regarding the types of CHD cases in which array-CGH should be used as a first-line test, the identification of these CNVs can assist in the evaluation and management of CHD. The results of such studies emphasize the growing importance of the use of genome-wide assays in subjects with CHD to increase the number of genomic data sets associated with this condition.
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Schwartz S. Preparation of Amniocytes for Interphase Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 85:8.9.1-8.9.16. [DOI: 10.1002/0471142905.hg0809s85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stuart Schwartz
- Cytogenetics Laboratory, Laboratory Corporation of America® Holdings Research Triangle Park North Carolina
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Bakker B, van den Bos H, Lansdorp PM, Foijer F. How to count chromosomes in a cell: An overview of current and novel technologies. Bioessays 2015; 37:570-7. [PMID: 25739518 DOI: 10.1002/bies.201400218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Revised: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Aneuploidy, an aberrant number of chromosomes in a cell, is a feature of several syndromes associated with cognitive and developmental defects. In addition, aneuploidy is considered a hallmark of cancer cells and has been suggested to play a role in neurodegenerative disease. To better understand the relationship between aneuploidy and disease, various methods to measure the chromosome numbers in cells have been developed, each with their own advantages and limitations. While some methods rely on dividing cells and thus bias aneuploidy rates to that population, other, more unbiased methods can only detect the average aneuploidy rates in a cell population, cloaking cell-to-cell heterogeneity. Furthermore, some techniques are more prone to technical artefacts, which can result in over- or underestimation of aneuploidy rates. In this review, we provide an overview of several "traditional" karyotyping methods as well as the latest high throughput next generation sequencing karyotyping protocols with their respective advantages and disadvantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bjorn Bakker
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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32
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Assessing the utility of confirmatory studies following identification of large-scale genomic imbalances by microarray. Genet Med 2015; 17:875-9. [DOI: 10.1038/gim.2014.204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
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