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Alrbyawi H. Stimuli-Responsive Liposomes of 5-Fluorouracil: Progressive Steps for Safe and Effective Treatment of Colorectal Cancer. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:966. [PMID: 39065663 PMCID: PMC11280302 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16070966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) has become one of the most widely employed antimetabolite chemotherapeutic agents in recent decades to treat various types of cancer. It is considered the standard first-line treatment for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Unfortunately, traditional chemotherapy with 5-FU presents many limitations, such as a short half-life, a low bioavailability, and a high cytotoxicity, affecting both tumor tissue and healthy tissue. In order to overcome the drawbacks of 5-FU and enhance its therapeutic effectiveness against colorectal cancer, many studies have focused on designing new delivery systems to successfully deliver 5-FU to tumor sites. Liposomes have gained attention as a well-accepted nanocarrier for several chemotherapeutic agents. These amphipathic spherical vesicles consist of one or more phospholipid bilayers, showing promise for the drug delivery of both hydrophobic and hydrophilic components in addition to distinctive properties, such as biodegradability, biocompatibility, a low toxicity, and non-immunogenicity. Recent progress in liposomes has mainly focused on chemical and structural modifications to specifically target and activate therapeutic actions against cancer within the proximity of tumors. This review provides a comprehensive overview of both internal-stimuli-responsive liposomes, such as those activated by enzymes or pH, and external-stimuli-responsive liposomes, such as those activated by the application of a magnetic field, light, or temperature variations, for the site-specific delivery of 5-FU in colorectal cancer therapy, along with the future perspectives of these smart-delivery liposomes in colorectal cancer. In addition, this review critically highlights recent innovations in the literature on various types of stimuli-responsive liposomal formulations designed to be applied either exogenously or endogenously and that have great potential in delivering 5-FU to colorectal cancer sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamad Alrbyawi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Industries, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Madinah 41477, Saudi Arabia
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Mohanty S, Desai VM, Jain R, Agrawal M, Dubey SK, Singhvi G. Unveiling the potential of photodynamic therapy with nanocarriers as a compelling therapeutic approach for skin cancer treatment: current explorations and insights. RSC Adv 2024; 14:21915-21937. [PMID: 38989245 PMCID: PMC11234503 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra02564d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Skin carcinoma is one of the most prevalent types of carcinomas. Due to high incidence of side effects in conventional therapies (radiotherapy and chemotherapy), photodynamic therapy (PDT) has gained huge attention as an alternate treatment strategy. PDT involves the administration of photosensitizers (PS) to carcinoma cells which produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) on irradiation by specific wavelengths of light that result in cancer cells' death via apoptosis, autophagy, or necrosis. Topical delivery of PS to the skin cancer cells at the required concentration is a challenge due to the compounds' innate physicochemical characteristics. Nanocarriers have been observed to improve skin permeability and enhance the therapeutic efficiency of PDT. Polymeric nanoparticles (NPs), metallic NPs, and lipid nanocarriers have been reported to carry PS successfully with minimal side effects and high effectiveness in both melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. Advanced carriers such as quantum dots, microneedles, and cubosomes have also been addressed with reported studies to show their scope of use in PDT-assisted skin cancer treatment. In this review, nanocarrier-aided PDT in skin cancer therapies has been discussed with clinical trials and patents. Additionally, novel nanocarriers that are being investigated in PDT are also covered with their future prospects in skin carcinoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shambo Mohanty
- Industrial Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, FD-III, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS-PILANI) Pilani Campus, Vidya Vihar Pilani Rajasthan 333031 India
| | - Vaibhavi Meghraj Desai
- Industrial Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, FD-III, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS-PILANI) Pilani Campus, Vidya Vihar Pilani Rajasthan 333031 India
| | - Rupesh Jain
- Industrial Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, FD-III, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS-PILANI) Pilani Campus, Vidya Vihar Pilani Rajasthan 333031 India
| | - Mukta Agrawal
- School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, NMIMS Hyderabad India
| | | | - Gautam Singhvi
- Industrial Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, FD-III, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS-PILANI) Pilani Campus, Vidya Vihar Pilani Rajasthan 333031 India
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Francois A, Dirheimer L, Chateau A, Lassalle HP, Yakavets I, Bezdetnaya L. A Macrophages-Enriched Head and Neck Tumor Spheroid Model to Study Foslip ® Behavior in Tumor Microenvironment. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:6545-6562. [PMID: 37965282 PMCID: PMC10642551 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s427350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The tumor microenvironment (TME) is composed of various stromal components, including immune cells such as tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), which play a crucial role in cancer initiation and progression. TAMs can exhibit either a tumor-suppressive M1 or a tumor-promoting M2 phenotype. First, we aimed to develop a 3D human heterotypic model consisting of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cells and different subtypes of macrophages to replicate the interactions between immune cells and cancer cells. We further investigated the behavior of Foslip®, a liposomal formulation of temoporfin, using a macrophage-enriched 3D model. Methods Monocytes were differentiated into M1 and M2 macrophages, which represent two distinct subtypes. Following histological and molecular characterization, these macrophages were used to establish a 3D spheroid model of HNSCC enriched with either polarized macrophages or conditioned media. Flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy were used to assess the accumulation and distribution of Foslip®. The cytotoxic effect of Foslip®-mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT) was evaluated using flow cytometry. Results We developed heterotypic spheroids characterized by a mixed phenotype of evenly distributed macrophages. In this 3D co-culture model, both M1 and M2 macrophages showed significantly higher accumulation of Foslip® compared to the cancer cells. Although this differential accumulation did not drastically affect the overall PDT efficiency, spheroids generated with conditioned media exhibited a significant enhancement in photo-induced cell death, suggesting that the microenvironment could modulate the response to Foslip®-PDT. Conclusion 3D models of HNSCC cells and macrophages provide valuable insights into the complex response of HNSCC cells to PDT using Foslip® in vitro. This model can be used to screen immunomodulatory nanomedicines targeting TAMs in solid head and neck tumors, either alone or in combination with standard therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Francois
- Research Department, Institut de Cancérologie de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7039, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Luca Dirheimer
- Research Department, Institut de Cancérologie de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7039, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Alicia Chateau
- Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7039, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Henri-Pierre Lassalle
- Research Department, Institut de Cancérologie de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7039, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Ilya Yakavets
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Lina Bezdetnaya
- Research Department, Institut de Cancérologie de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7039, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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Boscencu R, Radulea N, Manda G, Machado IF, Socoteanu RP, Lupuliasa D, Burloiu AM, Mihai DP, Ferreira LFV. Porphyrin Macrocycles: General Properties and Theranostic Potential. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031149. [PMID: 36770816 PMCID: PMC9919320 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite specialists' efforts to find the best solutions for cancer diagnosis and therapy, this pathology remains the biggest health threat in the world. Global statistics concerning deaths associated with cancer are alarming; therefore, it is necessary to intensify interdisciplinary research in order to identify efficient strategies for cancer diagnosis and therapy, by using new molecules with optimal therapeutic potential and minimal adverse effects. This review focuses on studies of porphyrin macrocycles with regard to their structural and spectral profiles relevant to their applicability in efficient cancer diagnosis and therapy. Furthermore, we present a critical overview of the main commercial formulations, followed by short descriptions of some strategies approached in the development of third-generation photosensitizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rica Boscencu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (R.B.); (R.P.S.); (A.M.B.); (L.F.V.F.)
| | - Natalia Radulea
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gina Manda
- “Victor Babeş” National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Isabel Ferreira Machado
- Polytechnic Institute of Portalegre, 7300-110 Portalegre, Portugal
- BSIRG—Biospectroscopy and Interfaces Research Group, iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico and Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Radu Petre Socoteanu
- “Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry, Romanian Academy, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (R.B.); (R.P.S.); (A.M.B.); (L.F.V.F.)
| | - Dumitru Lupuliasa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andreea Mihaela Burloiu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (R.B.); (R.P.S.); (A.M.B.); (L.F.V.F.)
| | - Dragos Paul Mihai
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Luis Filipe Vieira Ferreira
- BSIRG—Biospectroscopy and Interfaces Research Group, iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico and Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
- Correspondence: (R.B.); (R.P.S.); (A.M.B.); (L.F.V.F.)
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Hashemi M, Ghadyani F, Hasani S, Olyaee Y, Raei B, Khodadadi M, Ziyarani MF, Basti FA, Tavakolpournegari A, Matinahmadi A, Salimimoghadam S, Aref AR, Taheriazam A, Entezari M, Ertas YN. Nanoliposomes for doxorubicin delivery: Reversing drug resistance, stimuli-responsive carriers and clinical translation. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.104112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Salkho NM, Awad NS, Pitt WG, Husseini GA. Photo-Induced Drug Release from Polymeric Micelles and Liposomes: Phototriggering Mechanisms in Drug Delivery Systems. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:1286. [PMID: 35406160 PMCID: PMC9003562 DOI: 10.3390/polym14071286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapeutic drugs are highly effective in treating cancer. However, the side effects associated with this treatment lower the quality of life of cancer patients. Smart nanocarriers are able to encapsulate these drugs to deliver them to tumors while reducing their contact with the healthy cells and the subsequent side effects. Upon reaching their target, the release of the encapsulated drugs should be carefully controlled to achieve therapeutic levels at the required time. Light is one of the promising triggering mechanisms used as external stimuli to trigger drug release from the light-responsive nanocarriers. Photo-induced drug release can be achieved at a wide range of wavelengths: UV, visible, and NIR depending on many factors. In this review, photo-induced release mechanisms were summarized, focusing on liposomes and micelles. In general, light-triggering mechanisms are based on one of the following: changing the hydrophobicity of a nanocarrier constituent(s) to make it more soluble, introducing local defects within a nanocarrier (by conformational transformation or photo-cleavage of its lipids/polymers chains) to make it more porous or concentrating heat for thermo-sensitive nanocarriers to release their payload. Several research studies were also presented to explore the potentials and limitations of this promising drug release triggering mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najla M Salkho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box. 26666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nahid S Awad
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates
| | - William G Pitt
- Chemical Engineering Department, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Ghaleb A Husseini
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 26666, United Arab Emirates
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, College of Arts and Sciences, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box. 26666, United Arab Emirates
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PEGylated versus Non-PEGylated pH-Sensitive Liposomes: New Insights from a Comparative Antitumor Activity Study. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14020272. [PMID: 35214005 PMCID: PMC8874560 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
PEGylated liposomes are largely studied as long-circulating drug delivery systems. Nevertheless, the addition of PEG can result in reduced interactions between liposomes and cells, hindering liposomal internalization into target cells. The presence of PEG on the surface of pH-sensitive liposomes is not advantageous in terms of biodistribution and tumor uptake, raising the question of whether the indiscriminate use of PEG benefits the formulation. In this study, two doxorubicin-loaded pH-sensitive liposomal formulations, PEGylated (Lip2000-DOX) or non-PEGylated (Lip-DOX), were prepared and characterized. Overall, the PEGylated and non-PEGylated liposomes showed no differences in size or morphology in Cryo-TEM image analysis. Specifically, DLS analysis showed a mean diameter of 140 nm, PDI lower than 0.2, and zeta potential close to neutrality. Both formulations showed an EP higher than 90%. With respect to drug delivery, Lip-DOX had better cellular uptake than Lip2000-DOX, suggesting that the presence of PEG reduced the amount of intracellular DOX accumulation. The antitumor activities of free-DOX and both liposomal formulations were evaluated in 4T1 breast tumor-bearing BALB/c mice. The results showed that Lip-DOX was more effective in controlling tumor growth than other groups, inhibiting tumor growth by 60.4%. Histological lung analysis confirmed that none of the animals in the Lip-DOX group had metastatic foci. These results support that pH-sensitive liposomes have interesting antitumor properties and may produce important outcomes without PEG.
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Pivetta TP, Botteon CEA, Ribeiro PA, Marcato PD, Raposo M. Nanoparticle Systems for Cancer Phototherapy: An Overview. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11113132. [PMID: 34835896 PMCID: PMC8625970 DOI: 10.3390/nano11113132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) are photo-mediated treatments with different mechanisms of action that can be addressed for cancer treatment. Both phototherapies are highly successful and barely or non-invasive types of treatment that have gained attention in the past few years. The death of cancer cells because of the application of these therapies is caused by the formation of reactive oxygen species, that leads to oxidative stress for the case of photodynamic therapy and the generation of heat for the case of photothermal therapies. The advancement of nanotechnology allowed significant benefit to these therapies using nanoparticles, allowing both tuning of the process and an increase of effectiveness. The encapsulation of drugs, development of the most different organic and inorganic nanoparticles as well as the possibility of surfaces' functionalization are some strategies used to combine phototherapy and nanotechnology, with the aim of an effective treatment with minimal side effects. This article presents an overview on the use of nanostructures in association with phototherapy, in the view of cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais P. Pivetta
- CEFITEC, Department of Physics, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal;
- Laboratory of Instrumentation, Biomedical Engineering and Radiation Physics (LIBPhys-UNL), Department of Physics, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal;
| | - Caroline E. A. Botteon
- GNanoBio, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-900, Brazil; (C.E.A.B.); (P.D.M.)
| | - Paulo A. Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Instrumentation, Biomedical Engineering and Radiation Physics (LIBPhys-UNL), Department of Physics, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal;
| | - Priscyla D. Marcato
- GNanoBio, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-900, Brazil; (C.E.A.B.); (P.D.M.)
| | - Maria Raposo
- Laboratory of Instrumentation, Biomedical Engineering and Radiation Physics (LIBPhys-UNL), Department of Physics, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal;
- Correspondence: ; Fax: +351-21-294-85-49
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mTHPC-Loaded Extracellular Vesicles Significantly Improve mTHPC Diffusion and Photodynamic Activity in Preclinical Models. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12070676. [PMID: 32709026 PMCID: PMC7407764 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12070676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), derived from the cell, display a phospholipid bilayer membrane that protects the cargo molecules from degradation and contributes to increasing their stability in the bloodstream and tumor targeting. EVs are interesting in regard to the delivery of photosensitizers (PSs) used in the photodynamic therapy (PDT), as they allow us to overcome the limitations observed with liposomes. In fact, liposomal formulation of meta-tetra(hydroxyphenyl)chlorin (mTHPC) (Foslip®), one of the most potent clinically approved PSs, is rapidly destroyed in circulation, thus decreasing in vivo PDT efficacy. mTHPC-EV uptake was evaluated in vitro in a 3D human colon HT-29 microtumor and in vivo study was performed in HT-29 xenografted mice. The obtained data were compared with Foslip®. After intravenous injection of the mTHPC formulations, biodistribution, pharmacokinetics and PDT-induced tumor regrowth were evaluated. In a 3D model of cells, mTHPC-EV uptake featured a deeper penetration after 24h incubation compared to liposomal mTHPC. In vivo results showed a considerable improvement of 33% tumor cure with PDT treatment applied 24h after injection, while 0% was observed after Foslip®/PDT. Moreover, 47 days were required to obtain ten times the initial tumor volume after mTHPC-EVs/PDT compared to 30 days for liposomal mTHPC. In conclusion, compared to Foslip®, mTHPC-EVs improved mTHPC biodistribution and PDT efficacy in vivo. We deduced that a major determinant factor for the improved in vivo PDT efficacy is the deep mTHPC intratumor penetration.
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Qidwai A, Annu, Nabi B, Kotta S, Narang JK, Baboota S, Ali J. Role of nanocarriers in photodynamic therapy. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020; 30:101782. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.101782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Deda DK, Iglesias BA, Alves E, Araki K, Garcia CRS. Porphyrin Derivative Nanoformulations for Therapy and Antiparasitic Agents. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25092080. [PMID: 32365664 PMCID: PMC7249045 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25092080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Porphyrins and analogous macrocycles exhibit interesting photochemical, catalytic, and luminescence properties demonstrating high potential in the treatment of several diseases. Among them can be highlighted the possibility of application in photodynamic therapy and antimicrobial/antiparasitic PDT, for example, of malaria parasite. However, the low efficiency generally associated with their low solubility in water and bioavailability have precluded biomedical applications. Nanotechnology can provide efficient strategies to enhance bioavailability and incorporate targeted delivery properties to conventional pharmaceuticals, enhancing the effectiveness and reducing the toxicity, thus improving the adhesion to the treatment. In this way, those limitations can be overcome by using two main strategies: (1) Incorporation of hydrophilic substituents into the macrocycle ring while controlling the interaction with biological systems and (2) by including them in nanocarriers and delivery nanosystems. This review will focus on antiparasitic drugs based on porphyrin derivatives developed according to these two strategies, considering their vast and increasing applications befitting the multiple roles of these compounds in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiana K. Deda
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, Butanta, Sao Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil; (D.K.D.); (K.A.)
| | - Bernardo A. Iglesias
- Bioinorganic and Porphyrinoid Materials Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Av. Roraima 1000, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil;
| | - Eduardo Alves
- Department of Life Science, Imperial College London, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, UK;
| | - Koiti Araki
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, Butanta, Sao Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil; (D.K.D.); (K.A.)
| | - Celia R. S. Garcia
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 580, Sao Paulo, SP 05508-900, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-11-2648-0954
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12
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Liu Y, Fens MH, Lou B, van Kronenburg NC, Maas-Bakker RF, Kok RJ, Oliveira S, Hennink WE, van Nostrum CF. π-π-Stacked Poly(ε-caprolactone)- b-poly(ethylene glycol) Micelles Loaded with a Photosensitizer for Photodynamic Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12040338. [PMID: 32283871 PMCID: PMC7238042 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12040338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
To improve the in vivo stability of poly(ε-caprolactone)-b-poly(ethylene glycol) (PCL-PEG)-based micelles and cargo retention by π-π stacking interactions, pendant aromatic rings were introduced by copolymerization of ε-caprolactone with benzyl 5-methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxane-5-carboxylate (TMC-Bz). It was shown that the incorporation of aromatic rings yielded smaller micelles (18–30 nm) with better colloidal stability in PBS than micelles without aromatic groups. The circulation time of i.v. injected micelles containing multiple pendant aromatic groups was longer (t½-α: ~0.7 h; t½-β: 2.9 h) than that of micelles with a single terminal aromatic group (t½ < 0.3 h). In addition, the in vitro partitioning of the encapsulated photosensitizer (meta-tetra(hydroxyphenyl)chlorin, mTHPC) between micelles and human plasma was favored towards micelles for those that contained the pendant aromatic groups. However, this was not sufficient to fully retain mTHPC in the micelles in vivo, as indicated by similar biodistribution patterns of micellar mTHPC compared to free mTHPC, and unequal biodistribution patterns of mTHPC and the host micelles. Our study points out that more detailed in vitro methods are necessary to more reliably predict in vivo outcomes. Furthermore, additional measures beyond π-π stacking are needed to stably incorporate mTHPC in micelles in order to benefit from the use of micelles as targeted delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanna Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands; (Y.L.); (B.L.); (N.C.H.v.K.); (R.J.K.); (S.O.); (W.E.H.)
| | - Marcel H.A.M. Fens
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands; (Y.L.); (B.L.); (N.C.H.v.K.); (R.J.K.); (S.O.); (W.E.H.)
| | - Bo Lou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands; (Y.L.); (B.L.); (N.C.H.v.K.); (R.J.K.); (S.O.); (W.E.H.)
| | - Nicky C.H. van Kronenburg
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands; (Y.L.); (B.L.); (N.C.H.v.K.); (R.J.K.); (S.O.); (W.E.H.)
| | - Roel F.M. Maas-Bakker
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands; (Y.L.); (B.L.); (N.C.H.v.K.); (R.J.K.); (S.O.); (W.E.H.)
| | - Robbert J. Kok
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands; (Y.L.); (B.L.); (N.C.H.v.K.); (R.J.K.); (S.O.); (W.E.H.)
| | - Sabrina Oliveira
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands; (Y.L.); (B.L.); (N.C.H.v.K.); (R.J.K.); (S.O.); (W.E.H.)
- Division of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Wim E. Hennink
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands; (Y.L.); (B.L.); (N.C.H.v.K.); (R.J.K.); (S.O.); (W.E.H.)
| | - Cornelus F. van Nostrum
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands; (Y.L.); (B.L.); (N.C.H.v.K.); (R.J.K.); (S.O.); (W.E.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-620274607
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Predicting human pharmacokinetics of liposomal temoporfin using a hybrid in silico model. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2020; 149:121-134. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2020.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Liu Y, Scrivano L, Peterson JD, Fens MHAM, Hernández IB, Mesquita B, Toraño JS, Hennink WE, van Nostrum CF, Oliveira S. EGFR-Targeted Nanobody Functionalized Polymeric Micelles Loaded with mTHPC for Selective Photodynamic Therapy. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:1276-1292. [PMID: 32142290 PMCID: PMC7140040 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b01280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
![]()
meta-Tetra(hydroxyphenyl)chlorin
(mTHPC) is one
of the most potent second-generation photosensitizers, clinically
used for photodynamic therapy (PDT) of head and neck squamous cell
carcinomas. However, improvements are still required concerning its
present formulation (i.e., Foscan, a solution of mTHPC in ethanol/propylene
glycol (40:60 w/w)), as mTHPC has the tendency to aggregate in aqueous
media, e.g., biological fluids, and it has limited tumor specificity.
In the present study, polymeric micelles with three different diameters
(17, 24, and 45 nm) based on benzyl-poly(ε-caprolactone)-b-poly(ethylene glycol) (PCLn-PEG; n = 9, 15, or 23) were prepared with mTHPC
loadings ranging from 0.5 to 10 wt % using a film-hydration method
as advanced nanoformulations for this photosensitizer. To favor the
uptake of the micelles by cancer cells that overexpress the epidermal
growth factor receptor (EGFR), the micelles were decorated with an
EGFR-targeted nanobody (named EGa1) through maleimide-thiol chemistry.
The enhanced binding of the EGFR-targeted micelles at 4 °C to
EGFR-overexpressing A431 cells, compared to low-EGFR-expressing HeLa
cells, confirmed the specificity of the micelles. In addition, an
enhanced uptake of mTHPC-loaded micelles by A431 cells was observed
when these were decorated with the EGa1 nanobody, compared to nontargeted
micelles. Both binding and uptake of targeted micelles were blocked
by an excess of free EGa1 nanobody, demonstrating that these processes
occur through EGFR. In line with this, mTHPC loaded in EGa1-conjugated
PCL23-PEG (EGa1-P23) micelles demonstrated 4
times higher photocytotoxicity on A431 cells, compared to micelles
lacking the nanobody. Importantly, EGa1-P23 micelles also
showed selective PDT against A431 cells compared to the low-EGFR-expressing
HeLa cells. Finally, an in vivo pharmacokinetic study
shows that after intravenous injection, mTHPC incorporated in the
P23 micelles displayed prolonged blood circulation kinetics,
compared to free mTHPC, independently of the presence of EGa1. Thus,
these results make these micelles a promising nanomedicine formulation
for selective therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanna Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Luca Scrivano
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Julia Denise Peterson
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel H A M Fens
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Irati Beltrán Hernández
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Division of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bárbara Mesquita
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Javier Sastre Toraño
- Department of Chemical Biology & Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Wim E Hennink
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelus F van Nostrum
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sabrina Oliveira
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Division of Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Ben Mihoub A, Youssef Z, Colombeau L, Jouan-Hureaux V, Arnoux P, Frochot C, Vanderesse R, Acherar S. Inclusion complex vs. conjugation of hydrophobic photosensitizers with β-cyclodextrin: Improved disaggregation and photodynamic therapy efficacy against glioblastoma cells. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 109:110604. [PMID: 32228929 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Self-aggregation of hydrophobic porphyrin-based photosensitizers (PSs) in aqueous biological environment decreases their bioavailability and in vivo therapeutic efficacy, which hampers their clinical use in photodynamic therapy (PDT). In the current study, we explore three new supramolecular systems based of hydrophobic PSs (i.e. 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(3-hydroxyphenyl)porphyrin (mTHPP) or 5-(4-carboxyphenyl)-10,15,20-triphenylporphyrin (P1COOH)) non-covalently or covalently attached to β-CD. The two non-covalent solid inclusion complexes (β-CD)2/mTHPP and [(β-CD)/P1COOH]4 are prepared by a new co-precipitation@lyophilization combined method and the covalent conjugate β-CD-P1 by click chemistry. The binding type effect and effectiveness on the disaggregation in aqueous medium and in vitro PDT efficacy against glioblastoma cancer cells of PSs are investigated for the three β-CD/PS systems. The findings reveal a remarkable improvement of the disaggregation and in vitro PDT activity of these β-CD/PS systems compared to the free PSs, except for [(β-CD)/P1COOH]4 inclusion complex caused by J-type self-aggregation of the inclusion complex in tetrameric form. β-CD-P1 conjugate shows the higher in vitro PDT efficacy compared to the other β-CD/PS systems. Overall, the results indicate that the disaggregation in aqueous medium and in vitro PDT activity of hydrophobic PSs can be improved by their binding to β-CD and the covalent binding is the best approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina Ben Mihoub
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LCPM, F-54000 Nancy, France; Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Materials (LPCM), Faculty of Sciences, (UATL) BP 37G, Laghouat 03000, Algeria.
| | - Zahraa Youssef
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LRGP, F-54000 Nancy, France.
| | | | | | | | - Céline Frochot
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LRGP, F-54000 Nancy, France.
| | | | - Samir Acherar
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LCPM, F-54000 Nancy, France.
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16
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Ghosh S, Carter KA, Lovell JF. Liposomal formulations of photosensitizers. Biomaterials 2019; 218:119341. [PMID: 31336279 PMCID: PMC6663636 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a clinical ablation modality to treat cancers and other diseases. PDT involves administration of a photosensitizer, followed by irradiation of target tissue with light. As many photosensitizers are small and hydrophobic, solubilization approaches and nanoscale delivery vehicles have been extensively explored. Liposomes and lipid-based formulations have been used for the past 30 years, and in some cases have been developed into well-defined commercial PDT products. This review provides an overview of common liposomal formulation strategies for photosensitizers for PDT and also photothermal therapy. Furthermore, research efforts have examined the impact of co-loading therapeutic cargo along with photosensitizers within liposomes. Additional recent approaches including imaging, overcoming hypoxia, upconversion and activatable liposomal formulations are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjana Ghosh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA
| | - Kevin A Carter
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA
| | - Jonathan F Lovell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA.
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Matryoshka-Type Liposomes Offer the Improved Delivery of Temoporfin to Tumor Spheroids. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11091366. [PMID: 31540319 PMCID: PMC6770699 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11091366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The balance between the amount of drug delivered to tumor tissue and the homogeneity of its distribution is a challenge in the efficient delivery of photosensitizers (PSs) in photodynamic therapy (PDT) of cancer. To date, many efforts have been made using various nanomaterials to efficiently deliver temoporfin (mTHPC), one of the most potent photosensitizers. The present study aimed to develop double-loaded matryoshka-type hybrid nanoparticles encapsulating mTHPC/cyclodextrin inclusion complexes in mTHPC-loaded liposomes. This system was expected to improve the transport of mTHPC to target tissues and to strengthen its accumulation in the tumor tissue. Double-loaded hybrid nanoparticles (DL-DCL) were prepared, characterized, and tested in 2D and 3D in vitro models and in xenografted mice in vivo. Our studies indicated that DL-DCL provided deep penetration of mTHPC into the multicellular tumor spheroids via cyclodextrin nanoshuttles once the liposomes had been destabilized by serum proteins. Unexpectedly, we observed similar PDT efficiency in xenografted HT29 tumors for liposomal mTHPC formulation (Foslip®) and DL-DCL.
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Abstract
The photodynamic reaction involves the light-induced generation of an excited state in a photosensitizer molecule (PS), which then results in the formation of reactive oxygen species in the presence of oxygen, or a direct modification of a cellular molecule. Most PSs are porphyrinoids, which are highly lipophilic, and are administered usually in liposomes to facilitate their effective delivery to target cells. The currently available liposomal formulations are Visudyne® and Fospeg®. Novel PSs were developed and tested for their photodynamic activity against cancer cells. Several compounds were highly phototoxic to oral cancer cells both in free and liposome-encapsulated form, with nanomolar IC50 values. The lowest IC50s (7-13 nM) were obtained with a PS encapsulated in cationic liposomes.
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19
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Kałas W, Wysokińska E, Przybyło M, Langner M, Ulatowska-Jarża A, Biały D, Wawrzyńska M, Zioło E, Gil W, Trzeciak AM, Podbielska H, Kopaczyńska M. Photoactive Liposomal Formulation of PVP-Conjugated Chlorin e6 for Photodynamic Reduction of Atherosclerotic Plaque. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20163852. [PMID: 31394775 PMCID: PMC6721124 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20163852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Liposomes serve as delivery systems for biologically active compounds. Existing technologies inefficiently encapsulate large hydrophilic macromolecules, such as PVP-conjugated chlorin e6 (Photolon). This photoactive drug has been widely tested for therapeutic applications, including photodynamic reduction of atherosclerotic plaque. Methods: A novel formulation of Photolon was produced using “gel hydration technology”. Its pharmacokinetics was tested in Sus scrofa f. domestica. Its cellular uptake, cytotoxicity, and ability to induce a phototoxic reaction were demonstrated in J774A.1, RAW264.7 macrophages, and vascular smooth muscle (T/G HA-VSMC) as well as in vascular endothelial (HUVEC) cells. Results: Developed liposomes had an average diameter of 124.7 ± 0.6 nm (polydispersity index (PDI) = 0.055) and contained >80% of Photolon). The half-life of formulation in S. scrofa was 20 min with area under the curve (AUC) equal to 14.7. The formulation was noncytotoxic in vitro and was rapidly (10 min) and efficiently accumulated by macrophages, but not T/G HA-VSMC or HUVEC. The accumulated quantity of photosensitizer was sufficient for induction of phototoxicity in J774A.1, but not in T/G HA-VSMC. Conclusions: Due to the excellent physical and pharmacokinetic properties and selectivity for macrophages, the novel liposomal formulation of Photolon is a promising therapeutic candidate for use in arteriosclerosis treatment when targeting macrophages but not accompanying vascular tissue is critical for effective and safe therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Kałas
- Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, PAS, R. Weigla 12, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Edyta Wysokińska
- Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, PAS, R. Weigla 12, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Magdalena Przybyło
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marek Langner
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Ulatowska-Jarża
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Dariusz Biały
- Department and Clinic of Cardiology, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Magdalena Wawrzyńska
- Department of Emergency Medical Service, Wroclaw Medical University, Parkowa 34, 51-616 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Ewa Zioło
- Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, PAS, R. Weigla 12, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Wojciech Gil
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie St., 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Anna M Trzeciak
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14 F. Joliot-Curie St., 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Halina Podbielska
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marta Kopaczyńska
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
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Yakavets I, Millard M, Zorin V, Lassalle HP, Bezdetnaya L. Current state of the nanoscale delivery systems for temoporfin-based photodynamic therapy: Advanced delivery strategies. J Control Release 2019; 304:268-287. [PMID: 31136810 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Enthusiasm for photodynamic therapy (PDT) as a promising technique to eradicate various cancers has increased exponentially in recent decades. The majority of clinically approved photosensitizers are hydrophobic in nature, thus, the effective delivery of photosensitizers at the targeted site is the main hurdle associated with PDT. Temoporfin (mTHPC, medicinal product name: Foscan®), is one of the most potent clinically approved photosensitizers, is not an exception. Successful temoporfin-PDT requires nanoscale delivery systems for selective delivery of photosensitizer. Over the last 25 years, the number of papers on nanoplatforms developed for mTHPC delivery such as conjugates, host-guest inclusion complexes, lipid-and polymer-based nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes is burgeoning. However, none of them appeared to be "ultimate". The present review offers the description of different challenges and achievements in nanoparticle-based mTHPC delivery focusing on the synergetic combination of various nano-platforms to improve temoporfin delivery at all stages of biodistribution. Furthermore, the association of different nanoparticles in one nanoplatform might be considered as an advanced strategy allowing the combination of several treatment modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya Yakavets
- Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 7039, Université de Lorraine, Campus Sciences, Boulevard des Aiguillette, 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France; Research Department, Institut de Cancérologie de Lorraine, 6 avenue de Bourgogne, 54519 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France; Laboratory of Biophysics and Biotechnology, Belarusian State University, 4 Nezavisimosti Avenue, 220030 Minsk, Belarus.
| | - Marie Millard
- Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 7039, Université de Lorraine, Campus Sciences, Boulevard des Aiguillette, 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France; Research Department, Institut de Cancérologie de Lorraine, 6 avenue de Bourgogne, 54519 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
| | - Vladimir Zorin
- Laboratory of Biophysics and Biotechnology, Belarusian State University, 4 Nezavisimosti Avenue, 220030 Minsk, Belarus; International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Dauhabrodskaja 23, 220030 Minsk, Belarus.
| | - Henri-Pierre Lassalle
- Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 7039, Université de Lorraine, Campus Sciences, Boulevard des Aiguillette, 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France; Research Department, Institut de Cancérologie de Lorraine, 6 avenue de Bourgogne, 54519 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
| | - Lina Bezdetnaya
- Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 7039, Université de Lorraine, Campus Sciences, Boulevard des Aiguillette, 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France; Research Department, Institut de Cancérologie de Lorraine, 6 avenue de Bourgogne, 54519 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
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Zabihi F, Koeppe H, Achazi K, Hedtrich S, Haag R. One-Pot Synthesis of Poly(glycerol-co-succinic acid) Nanogels for Dermal Delivery. Biomacromolecules 2019; 20:1867-1875. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b01741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sarah Hedtrich
- University of British Columbia, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, V6T1Z3 Vancouver, Canada
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22
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Yakavets I, Lassalle HP, Scheglmann D, Wiehe A, Zorin V, Bezdetnaya L. Temoporfin-in-Cyclodextrin-in-Liposome-A New Approach for Anticancer Drug Delivery: The Optimization of Composition. NANOMATERIALS 2018; 8:nano8100847. [PMID: 30340318 PMCID: PMC6215177 DOI: 10.3390/nano8100847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The main goal of this study was to use hybrid delivery system for effective transportation of temoporfin (meta-tetrakis(3-hydroxyphenyl)chlorin, mTHPC) to target tissue. We suggested to couple two independent delivery systems (liposomes and inclusion complexes) to achieve drug-in-cyclodextrin-in-liposome (DCL) nanoconstructs. We further optimized the composition of DCLs, aiming to alter in a more favorable way a distribution of temoporfin in tumor tissue. We have prepared DCLs with different compositions varying the concentration of mTHPC and the type of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) derivatives (Hydroxypropyl-, Methyl- and Trimethyl-β-CD). DCLs were prepared by thin-hydration technique and mTHPC/β-CD complexes were added at hydration step. The size was about 135 nm with the surface charge of (−38 mV). We have demonstrated that DCLs are stable and almost all mTHPC is bound to β-CDs in the inner aqueous liposome core. Among all tested DCLs, trimethyl-β-CD-based DCL demonstrated a homogenous accumulation of mTHPC across tumor spheroid volume, thus supposing optimal mTHPC distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya Yakavets
- Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 7039, Université de Lorraine, Campus Sciences, Boulevard des Aiguillette, 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
- Research Department, Institut de Cancérologie de Lorraine, 6 Avenue de Bourgogne, 54519 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
- Laboratory of Biophysics and Biotechnology, Belarusian State University, 4 Nezavisimosti Avenue, 220030 Minsk, Belarus.
| | - Henri-Pierre Lassalle
- Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 7039, Université de Lorraine, Campus Sciences, Boulevard des Aiguillette, 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
- Research Department, Institut de Cancérologie de Lorraine, 6 Avenue de Bourgogne, 54519 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
| | | | - Arno Wiehe
- Biolitec Research GmbH, Otto-Schott-Strasse 15, 07745 Jena, Germany.
| | - Vladimir Zorin
- Laboratory of Biophysics and Biotechnology, Belarusian State University, 4 Nezavisimosti Avenue, 220030 Minsk, Belarus.
- International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Dauhabrodskaja 23, 220030 Minsk, Belarus.
| | - Lina Bezdetnaya
- Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 7039, Université de Lorraine, Campus Sciences, Boulevard des Aiguillette, 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
- Research Department, Institut de Cancérologie de Lorraine, 6 Avenue de Bourgogne, 54519 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
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Mironov AF, Zhdanova KA, Bragina NA. Nanosized vehicles for delivery of photosensitizers in photodynamic diagnosis and therapy of cancer. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2018. [DOI: 10.1070/rcr4811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Platelet membrane coating coupled with solar irradiation endows a photodynamic nanosystem with both improved antitumor efficacy and undetectable skin damage. Biomaterials 2018; 159:59-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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25
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Enhanced Antitumor Effects of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Targetable Cetuximab-Conjugated Polymeric Micelles for Photodynamic Therapy. NANOMATERIALS 2018; 8:nano8020121. [PMID: 29470420 PMCID: PMC5853752 DOI: 10.3390/nano8020121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Nanocarrier-based delivery systems are promising strategies for enhanced therapeutic efficacy and safety of toxic drugs. Photodynamic therapy (PDT)—a light-triggered chemical reaction that generates localized tissue damage for disease treatments—usually has side effects, and thus patients receiving photosensitizers should be kept away from direct light to avoid skin phototoxicity. In this study, a clinically therapeutic antibody cetuximab (C225) was conjugated to the surface of methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(lactide) (mPEG-b-PLA) micelles via thiol-maleimide coupling to allow tumor-targetable chlorin e6 (Ce6) delivery. Our results demonstrate that more C225-conjugated Ce6-loaded polymeric micelles (C225-Ce6/PM) were selectively taken up than Ce6/PM or IgG conjugated Ce6/PM by epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-overexpressing A431 cells observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), thereby decreasing the IC50 value of Ce6-mediated PDT from 0.42 to 0.173 μM. No significant differences were observed in cellular uptake study or IC50 value between C225-Ce6/PM and Ce6/PM groups in lower EGFR expression HT-29 cells. For antitumor study, the tumor volumes in the C225-Ce6/PM-PDT group (percentage of tumor growth inhibition, TGI% = 84.8) were significantly smaller than those in the Ce6-PDT (TGI% = 38.4) and Ce6/PM-PDT groups (TGI% = 53.3) (p < 0.05) at day 21 through reduced cell proliferation in A431 xenografted mice. These results indicated that active EGFR targeting of photosensitizer-loaded micelles provides a possible way to resolve the dose-limiting toxicity of conventional photosensitizers and represents a potential delivery system for PDT in a clinical setting.
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Yudintsev AV, Shilyagina NY, Dyakova DV, Lermontova SA, Klapshina LG, Guryev EL, Balalaeva IV, Vodeneev VA. Liposomal Form of Tetra(Aryl)Tetracyanoporphyrazine: Physical Properties and Photodynamic Activity In Vitro. J Fluoresc 2018; 28:513-522. [DOI: 10.1007/s10895-018-2212-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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27
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Enhanced photodyamic therapy via photosensitizer-loaded nanoparticles for cancer treatment. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-017-0363-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Millard M, Yakavets I, Zorin V, Kulmukhamedova A, Marchal S, Bezdetnaya L. Drug delivery to solid tumors: the predictive value of the multicellular tumor spheroid model for nanomedicine screening. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:7993-8007. [PMID: 29184400 PMCID: PMC5673046 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s146927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing number of publications on the subject shows that nanomedicine is an attractive field for investigations aiming to considerably improve anticancer chemotherapy. Based on selective tumor targeting while sparing healthy tissue, carrier-mediated drug delivery has been expected to provide significant benefits to patients. However, despite reduced systemic toxicity, most nanodrugs approved for clinical use have been less effective than previously anticipated. The gap between experimental results and clinical outcomes demonstrates the necessity to perform comprehensive drug screening by using powerful preclinical models. In this context, in vitro three-dimensional models can provide key information on drug behavior inside the tumor tissue. The multicellular tumor spheroid (MCTS) model closely mimics a small avascular tumor with the presence of proliferative cells surrounding quiescent cells and a necrotic core. Oxygen, pH and nutrient gradients are similar to those of solid tumor. Furthermore, extracellular matrix (ECM) components and stromal cells can be embedded in the most sophisticated spheroid design. All these elements together with the physicochemical properties of nanoparticles (NPs) play a key role in drug transport, and therefore, the MCTS model is appropriate to assess the ability of NP to penetrate the tumor tissue. This review presents recent developments in MCTS models for a better comprehension of the interactions between NPs and tumor components that affect tumor drug delivery. MCTS is particularly suitable for the high-throughput screening of new nanodrugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Millard
- Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 7039, Université de Lorraine.,Research Department, Institut de Cancérologie de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Ilya Yakavets
- Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 7039, Université de Lorraine.,Research Department, Institut de Cancérologie de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,Laboratory of Biophysics and Biotechnology
| | - Vladimir Zorin
- Laboratory of Biophysics and Biotechnology.,International Sakharov Environmental Institute, Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Aigul Kulmukhamedova
- Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 7039, Université de Lorraine.,Research Department, Institut de Cancérologie de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,Department of Radiology, Medical Company Sunkar, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Sophie Marchal
- Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 7039, Université de Lorraine.,Research Department, Institut de Cancérologie de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Lina Bezdetnaya
- Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 7039, Université de Lorraine.,Research Department, Institut de Cancérologie de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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Lee Y, Thompson DH. Stimuli-responsive liposomes for drug delivery. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 9:10.1002/wnan.1450. [PMID: 28198148 PMCID: PMC5557698 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 240] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The ultimate goal of drug delivery is to increase the bioavailability and reduce the toxic side effects of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) by releasing them at a specific site of action. In the case of antitumor therapy, association of the therapeutic agent with a carrier system can minimize damage to healthy, nontarget tissues, while limit systemic release and promoting long circulation to enhance uptake at the cancerous site due to the enhanced permeation and retention effect (EPR). Stimuli-responsive systems have become a promising way to deliver and release payloads in a site-selective manner. Potential carrier systems have been derived from a wide variety of materials, including inorganic nanoparticles, lipids, and polymers that have been imbued with stimuli-sensitive properties to accomplish triggered release based on an environmental cue. The unique features in the tumor microenvironment can serve as an endogenous stimulus (pH, redox potential, or unique enzymatic activity) or the locus of an applied external stimulus (heat or light) to trigger the controlled release of API. In liposomal carrier systems triggered release is generally based on the principle of membrane destabilization from local defects within bilayer membranes to effect release of liposome-entrapped drugs. This review focuses on the literature appearing between November 2008-February 2016 that reports new developments in stimuli-sensitive liposomal drug delivery strategies using pH change, enzyme transformation, redox reactions, and photochemical mechanisms of activation. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2017, 9:e1450. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1450 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - D H Thompson
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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The alteration of temoporfin distribution in multicellular tumor spheroids by β-cyclodextrins. Int J Pharm 2017; 529:568-575. [PMID: 28711638 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
To be effective anticancer drugs must penetrate tissue efficiently, reaching all target population of cancer cells in a concentration sufficient to exert a therapeutic effect. This study aimed to investigate the ability of methyl-β-cyclodextrin (Me-β-CD) and 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (Hp-β-CD) to alter the penetration and diffusion of temoporfin (mTHPC) in HT29 multicellular tumor spheroids. mTHPC had а nonhomogenous distribution only on the periphery of spheroids. The presence of β-CDs significantly altered the distribution of mTHPC consisting in the increase of both the depth of photosensitizer penetration and accumulation in HT29 spheroids. We suggest that this improvement is related to the nanoshuttle mechanism of β-CD action, when β-CDs facilitate mTHPC transportation to the cells in the inner layers of spheroids. As a result of mTHPC distribution improvement, β-CDs enhance mTHPC photosensitizing activity towards HT29 multicellular tumor spheroids. The observed effects strongly depend on the type of β-CD. Thus, varying the type of β-CD we can finely tune the possibility of using mTHPC for diagnostic (delimitation of tumor margins) or therapeutic purposes.
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Polymer-lipid-PEG hybrid nanoparticles as photosensitizer carrier for photodynamic therapy. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2017; 173:12-22. [PMID: 28554072 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2017.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Polymer-lipid-PEG hybrid nanoparticles were investigated as carriers for the photosensitizer (PS), 5,10,15,20-Tetrakis(4-hydroxy-phenyl)-21H,23H-porphine (pTHPP) for use in photodynamic therapy (PDT). A self-assembled nanoprecipitation technique was used for preparing two types of core polymers poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) and poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) with lipid-PEG as stabilizer. The resulting nanoparticles had an average particle size of 88.5±3.4nm for PLGA and 215.0±6.3nm for PHBV. Both nanoparticles exhibited a core-shell structure under TEM with high zeta potential and loading efficiency. X-ray powder diffraction analysis showed that the encapsulated pTHPP molecules in polymeric nanoparticles no longer had peaks of free pTHPP in the crystalline state. The pTHPP molecules encapsulated inside the polymeric core demonstrated improved photophysical properties in terms of singlet oxygen generation and cellular uptake rate in a FTC-133 human thyroid carcinoma cell line, compared to non-encapsulated pTHPP. The pTHPP-loaded polymer-lipid-PEG nanoparticles showed better in vitro phototoxicity compared to free pTHPP, in both time- and concentration-dependent manners. Overall, this study provides detailed analysis of the photophysical properties of pTHPP molecules when entrapped within either PLGA or PHBV nanoparticle cores, and demonstrates the effectiveness of these systems for delivery of photosensitizers. The two polymeric systems may have different potential benefits, when used with cancer cells. For instance, the pTHPP-loaded PLGA system requires only a short time to show a PDT effect and may be suitable for topical PDT, while the delayed photo-induced cytotoxic effect of the pTHPP-loaded PHBV system may be more suitable for cancer solid tumors. Hence, both pTHPP-encapsulated polymer-lipid-PEG nanoparticles can be considered promising delivery systems for PDT cancer treatment.
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Meier D, Botter SM, Campanile C, Robl B, Gräfe S, Pellegrini G, Born W, Fuchs B. Foscan and foslip based photodynamic therapy in osteosarcoma in vitro and in intratibial mouse models. Int J Cancer 2017; 140:1680-1692. [PMID: 27943293 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Current osteosarcoma therapies cause severe treatment-related side effects and chemoresistance, and have low success rates. Consequently, alternative treatment options are urgently needed. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a minimally invasive, local therapy with proven clinical efficacy for a variety of tumor types. PDT is cytotoxic, provokes anti-vascular effects and stimulates tumor cell targeting mechanisms of the immune system and, consequently, has potential as a novel therapy for osteosarcoma patients. This study investigated the uptake and the dark- and phototoxicity and cytotoxic mechanisms of the photosensitizer (PS) 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(meta-hydroxyphenyl) chlorine (mTHPC, Foscan) and a liposomal mTHPC formulation (Foslip) in the human 143B and a mouse K7M2-derived osteosaroma cell line (K7M2L2) in vitro. Second, the tumor- and metastasis-suppressive efficacies of mTHPC formulations based PDT and associated mechanisms in intratibial, metastasizing osteosarcoma mouse models (143B/SCID and syngeneic K7M2L2/BALB/c) were studied. The uptake of Foscan and Foslip in vitro was time- and dose-dependent and resulted in mTHPC and light dose-dependent phototoxicity associated with apoptosis. In vivo, the uptake of both i.v. administered mTHPC formulations was higher in tumor than in healthy control tissue. PDT caused significant (Foscan p < 0.05, Foslip p < 0.001) tumor growth inhibition in both models. A significant (Foscan p < 0.001, Foslip p < 0.001) immune system-dependent suppression of lung metastasis was only observed in the K7M2L2/BALB/c model and was associated with a marked infiltration of T-lymphocytes at the primary tumor site. In conclusion, mTHPC-based PDT is effective in clinically relevant experimental osteosarcoma and suppresses lung metastasis in immunocompetent mice with beneficial effects of the liposomal mTHPC formulation Foslip.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Meier
- Laboratory for Orthopedic Research, Department of Orthopedics, Balgrist University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sander M Botter
- Laboratory for Orthopedic Research, Department of Orthopedics, Balgrist University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Carmen Campanile
- Laboratory for Orthopedic Research, Department of Orthopedics, Balgrist University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bernhard Robl
- Laboratory for Orthopedic Research, Department of Orthopedics, Balgrist University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Susanna Gräfe
- Biolitec Research GmbH, Otto-Schott-Straße 15, Jena, Germany
| | - Giovanni Pellegrini
- Laboratory for Animal Model Pathology, Institute of Veterinary Pathology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Walter Born
- Laboratory for Orthopedic Research, Department of Orthopedics, Balgrist University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bruno Fuchs
- Laboratory for Orthopedic Research, Department of Orthopedics, Balgrist University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
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Holzschuh S, Kaeß K, Bossa GV, Decker C, Fahr A, May S. Investigations of the influence of liposome composition on vesicle stability and drug transfer in human plasma: a transfer study. J Liposome Res 2016; 28:22-34. [DOI: 10.1080/08982104.2016.1247101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Holzschuh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany and
| | - Kathrin Kaeß
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany and
| | | | - Christiane Decker
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany and
| | - Alfred Fahr
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany and
| | - Sylvio May
- Department of Physics, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
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35
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Intradermal drug delivery by nanogel-peptide conjugates; specific and efficient transport of temoporfin. J Control Release 2016; 242:35-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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36
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Brezaniova I, Hruby M, Kralova J, Kral V, Cernochova Z, Cernoch P, Slouf M, Kredatusova J, Stepanek P. Temoporfin-loaded 1-tetradecanol-based thermoresponsive solid lipid nanoparticles for photodynamic therapy. J Control Release 2016; 241:34-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Gaio E, Scheglmann D, Reddi E, Moret F. Uptake and photo-toxicity of Foscan®, Foslip® and Fospeg® in multicellular tumor spheroids. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2016; 161:244-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Obaid G, Broekgaarden M, Bulin AL, Huang HC, Kuriakose J, Liu J, Hasan T. Photonanomedicine: a convergence of photodynamic therapy and nanotechnology. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:12471-503. [PMID: 27328309 PMCID: PMC4956486 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr08691d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
As clinical nanomedicine has emerged over the past two decades, phototherapeutic advancements using nanotechnology have also evolved and impacted disease management. Because of unique features attributable to the light activation process of molecules, photonanomedicine (PNM) holds significant promise as a personalized, image-guided therapeutic approach for cancer and non-cancer pathologies. The convergence of advanced photochemical therapies such as photodynamic therapy (PDT) and imaging modalities with sophisticated nanotechnologies is enabling the ongoing evolution of fundamental PNM formulations, such as Visudyne®, into progressive forward-looking platforms that integrate theranostics (therapeutics and diagnostics), molecular selectivity, the spatiotemporally controlled release of synergistic therapeutics, along with regulated, sustained drug dosing. Considering that the envisioned goal of these integrated platforms is proving to be realistic, this review will discuss how PNM has evolved over the years as a preclinical and clinical amalgamation of nanotechnology with PDT. The encouraging investigations that emphasize the potent synergy between photochemistry and nanotherapeutics, in addition to the growing realization of the value of these multi-faceted theranostic nanoplatforms, will assist in driving PNM formulations into mainstream oncological clinical practice as a necessary tool in the medical armamentarium.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Tayyaba Hasan
- Harvard Medical School, Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Science and Technology, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Haedicke K, Graefe S, Teichgraeber U, Hilger I. Lowering photosensitizer doses and increasing fluences induce apoptosis in tumor bearing mice. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2016; 7:2641-9. [PMID: 27446695 PMCID: PMC4948619 DOI: 10.1364/boe.7.002641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine an optimal dose of photodynamic therapy (PDT) for inducing apoptotic tumor cells in vivo. In this context, mice bearing human tongue-squamous epithelium carcinomas were treated with various photosensitizer concentrations and fluences. Tumor apoptosis was imaged after 2 days via a self-designed DY-734-annexin V probe using near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) optical imaging. Apoptosis was verified ex vivo via TUNEL staining. Apoptotic tumor cells were detected in vivo at a dose of 40 µg photosensitizer and a fluency of 100 J/cm(2). This is the lowest photosensitizer dose reported so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Haedicke
- Experimental Radiology, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Erlanger Allee 101, D-07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Susanna Graefe
- Biolitec Research GmbH, Research & Development, Otto-Schott-Straße 15, D-07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Ulf Teichgraeber
- Experimental Radiology, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Erlanger Allee 101, D-07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Ingrid Hilger
- Experimental Radiology, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Erlanger Allee 101, D-07747 Jena, Germany
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Inclusion complexation with β-cyclodextrin derivatives alters photodynamic activity and biodistribution of meta-tetra(hydroxyphenyl)chlorin. Eur J Pharm Sci 2016; 91:172-82. [PMID: 27320407 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2016.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Application of meta-tetra(hydroxyphenyl)chorin (mTHPC) one of the most effective photosensitizer (PS) in photodynamic therapy of solid tumors encounters several complications resulting from its insolubility in aqueous medium. To improve its solubility and pharmacokinetic properties, two modified β-cyclodextrins (β-CDs) methyl-β-cyclodextrin (M-β-CD) and 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (Hp-β-CD) were proposed. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of β-CDs on mTHPC behavior at various stages of its distribution in vitro and in vivo. For this purpose, we have studied the influence of the β-CDs on mTHPC binding to the serum proteins, its accumulation, distribution and photodynamic efficiency in HT29 cells. In addition, the processes of mTHPC biodistribution in HT29 tumor bearing mice after intravenous injection of PS alone or with the β-CDs were compared. Interaction of mTHPC with studied β-CDs leads to the formation of inclusion complexes that completely abolishes its aggregation after introduction into serum. It was demonstrated that the β-CDs have a concentration-dependent effect on the process of mTHPC distribution in blood serum. At high concentrations, β-CDs can form inclusion complexes with mTHPC in the blood that can have a significant impact on PS distribution out of the vascular system in solid tissues. Besides, the β-CDs increase diffusion movement of mTHPC molecules that can significantly accelerate the delivery of PS to the targets cells and tissues. In vivo study confirms the fact that the use of β-CDs allows to modify mTHPC distribution processes in tumor bearing animals that is reflected in the decreased level of PS accumulation in skin and muscles, as well as in the increased PS accumulation in tumor. Further studies are underway to verify the optimal protocols of mTHPC/β-CD formulation for photodynamic therapy.
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The use of asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation with on-line detection in the study of drug retention within liposomal nanocarriers and drug transfer kinetics. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2016; 124:157-163. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2016.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Revised: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Hinna AH, Hupfeld S, Kuntsche J, Bauer-Brandl A, Brandl M. Mechanism and kinetics of the loss of poorly soluble drugs from liposomal carriers studied by a novel flow field-flow fractionation-based drug release-/transfer-assay. J Control Release 2016; 232:228-37. [PMID: 27112112 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Liposomes represent a versatile drug formulation approach e.g. for improving the water-solubility of poorly soluble drugs but also to achieve drug targeting and controlled release. For the latter applications it is essential that the drug remains associated with the liposomal carrier during transit in the vascular bed. A range of in vitro test methods has been suggested over the years for prediction of the release of drug from liposomal carriers. The majority of these fail to give a realistic prediction for poorly water-soluble drugs due to the intrinsic tendency of such compounds to remain associated with liposome bilayers even upon extensive dilution. Upon i.v. injection, in contrast, rapid drug loss often occurs due to drug transfer from the liposomal carriers to endogenous lipophilic sinks such as lipoproteins, plasma proteins or membranes of red blood cells and endothelial cells. Here we report on the application of a recently introduced in vitro predictive drug transfer assay based on incubation of the liposomal drug carrier with large multilamellar liposomes, the latter serving as a biomimetic model sink, using flow field-flow fractionation as a tool to separate the two types of liposomes. By quantifying the amount of drug remaining associated with the liposomal drug carrier as well as that transferred to the acceptor liposomes at distinct times of incubation, both the kinetics of drug transfer and release to the water phase could be established for the model drug p-THPP (5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-hydroxyphenyl)21H,23H-porphine). p-THPP is structurally similar to temoporfin, a photosensitizer which is under clinical evaluation in a liposomal formulation. Mechanistic insights were gained by varying the donor-to-acceptor lipid mass ratio, size and lamellarity of the liposomes. Drug transfer kinetics from one liposome to another was found rate determining as compared to redistribution from the outermost to the inner concentric bilayers, such that the overall process could be adequately described by a single 1st order kinetic model. By varying the donor-to-acceptor lipid mass ratio in the range 1:1 to 1:10, a correlation was established between donor-to-acceptor-lipid mass ratio and transfer kinetics, which is regarded essential for scaling to physiological lipid mass ratios. By applying the assay to a series of structurally related model compounds of different bilayer affinity, transfer and release kinetics were established over the whole expected range of liposome bilayer associated drugs in terms of water solubility and lipophilicity. A very rapid transfer and considerable release from liposomes to the water phase was observed for the more water-soluble compounds Sudan II (clogP 5.45) and Sudan III (clogP 6.83). For the more lipophilic compounds, the rate of transfer from the donor liposomes followed the rank order Sudan IV (fastest)>Oil Red O>Sudan Black>p-THPP (slowest). For an equimolar donor-to-acceptor lipid mass ratio, half-lifes of transfer in the range of 12min (Sudan IV) up to 1.5h (p-THPP) were determined. In essence, the results presented here allow for both, mechanistic insights and predictions of drug loss from liposomal carriers upon exposure to biological sinks, which appear more realistic than the commonly employed in vitro release tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Askell Hvid Hinna
- University of Southern Denmark, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - Stefan Hupfeld
- Aker Biomarine Antarctic AS, Oksenøyveien 10, P.O Box 496, NO-1327 Lysaker, Norway; Institute for Energy Technology, Isotope laboratories, Instituttveien 18, P.O. Box 40, NO-2027 Kjeller, Norway
| | - Judith Kuntsche
- University of Southern Denmark, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - Annette Bauer-Brandl
- University of Southern Denmark, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - Martin Brandl
- University of Southern Denmark, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense, Denmark.
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Ogawara KI, Shiraishi T, Araki T, Watanabe TI, Ono T, Higaki K. Efficient anti-tumor effect of photodynamic treatment with polymeric nanoparticles composed of polyethylene glycol and polylactic acid block copolymer encapsulating hydrophobic porphyrin derivative. Eur J Pharm Sci 2016; 82:154-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2015.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Revised: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel diseases are incurable illnesses of the gastrointestinal tract, which substantially enhance the risk of developing colorectal carcinogenesis. Conventional photodynamic therapy is a clinically approved therapeutic modality used in the treatment of neoplastic diseases. Recent preclinical and clinical studies have shown that photodynamic therapy with low doses of photosensitizer and/or light improves inflammatory conditions, including colitis. This study aims therefore at investigating the therapeutic potential of low-dose photodynamic therapy (LDPDT) with a liposomal formulation of meta-tetra(hydroxyphenyl)chlorin (namely Foslip) in the prevention of colitis-associated cancer in mice. METHODS LDPDT efficacy was evaluated by endoscopic, macroscopic, and histological analysis. Myeloperoxidase levels were quantified by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and cytokines expression by quantitative RT-PCR analysis. The integrity of the intestinal barrier was evaluated by immunostaining, and bacterial composition of the fecal microbiota was determined by 454 pyrosequencing of V3-V4 region of bacterial 16S rRNA genes. RESULTS LDPDT reduced intestinal tumor growth by decreasing the expression of a wide range of inflammatory mediators and by lowering neutrophil influx. LDPDT treatment prevents onset of a dysbiotic microbiota in the colitis-associated cancer model. CONCLUSIONS LDPDT with Foslip could be considered as a novel treatment modality to prevent colorectal carcinogenesis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
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Effect of FosPeg® mediated photoactivation on P-gp/ABCB1 protein expression in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2015; 148:82-87. [PMID: 25900553 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2015.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Revised: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) refers to the ability of cancer cells to develop cross resistance to a range of anticancer drugs which are structurally and functionally unrelated. P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is the best studied MDR phenotype in photodynamic therapy (PDT) treated cells. Our pervious study demonstrated that FosPeg® mediated PDT is effective to NPC cell line models. In this in vitro study, the expression of MDR1 gene and its product P-gp in undifferentiated, poorly differentiated and well differentiated human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells were investigated. The influence of P-gp efflux activities on photosensitizer FosPeg® was also examined. Regardless of the differentiation status, PDT tested NPC cell lines all expressed P-gp protein. Results indicated that FosPeg® photoactivation could heighten the expression of MDR1 gene and P-gp transporter protein in a dose dependent manner. Up to 2-fold increase of P-gp protein expression were seen in NPC cells after FosPeg® mediated PDT. Interestingly, our finding demonstrated that FosPeg® mediated PDT efficiency is independent to the MDR1 gene and P-gp protein expression in NPC cells. FosPeg® itself is not the substrate of P-gp transporter protein and no efflux of FosPeg® were observed in NPC cells. Therefore, the PDT efficiency would not be affected even though FosPeg® mediated PDT could induce MDR1 gene and P-gp protein expression in NPC cells. FosPeg® mediated PDT could be a potential therapeutic approach for MDR cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasidharan Swarnalatha Lucky
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences & Engineering (NGS), National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore 117456
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore 117576
| | - Khee Chee Soo
- Division
of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore 169610
| | - Yong Zhang
- NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences & Engineering (NGS), National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore 117456
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore 117576
- College
of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Zhejiang, P. R. China 321004
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Xie H, Svenmarker P, Axelsson J, Gräfe S, Kyriazi M, Bendsoe N, Andersson-Engels S, Svanberg K. Pharmacokinetic and biodistribution study following systemic administration of Fospeg®--a Pegylated liposomal mTHPC formulation in a murine model. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2015; 8:142-152. [PMID: 24375973 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201300133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2013] [Revised: 11/01/2013] [Accepted: 11/15/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Fospeg® is a newly developed photosensitizer formulation based on meso-tetra(hydroxyphenyl)chlorin (mTHPC), with hydrophilic liposomes to carry the hydrophobic photosensitizer to the target tissue. In this study the pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of Fospeg® were investigated by high performance liquid chromatography at various times (0.5-18 hours) following systemic i.v. administration. As a model an experimental HT29 colon tumor in NMRI nu/nu mice was employed. Our study indicates a higher plasma peak concentration, a longer circulation time and a better tumor-to-skin ratio than those of Foslip®, another liposomal mTHPC formulation. Data from ex vivo tissue fluorescence and reflectance imaging exhibit good correlation with chemical extraction. Our results have shown that optical imaging provides the potential for fluorophore quantification in biological tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Xie
- Department of Physics, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, 22100, Lund, Sweden.
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