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Dyrkheeva NS, Zakharenko AL, Malakhova AA, Okorokova LS, Shtokalo DN, Medvedev SP, Tupikin AA, Kabilov MR, Lavrik OI. Transcriptomic analysis of HEK293A cells with a CRISPR/Cas9-mediated TDP1 knockout. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2024; 1868:130616. [PMID: 38621596 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2024.130616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 (TDP1) is a human DNA repair protein. It is a member of the phospholipase D family based on structural similarity. TDP1 is a key enzyme of the repair of stalled topoisomerase 1 (TOP1)-DNA complexes. Previously, with the CRISPR/Cas9 method, we obtained HEK293A cells with a homozygous knockout of the TDP1 gene and used the TDP1 knockout cells as a cellular model for studying mechanisms of action of an anticancer therapy. In the present work, we hypothesized that the TDP1 knockout would alter the expression of DNA repair-related genes. By transcriptomic analysis, we investigated for the first time the effect of the TDP1 gene knockout on genes' expression changes in the human HEK293A cell line. We obtained original data implying a role of TDP1 in other processes besides the repair of the DNA-TOP1 complex. Differentially expressed gene analysis revealed that TDP1 may participate in cell adhesion and communication, spermatogenesis, mitochondrial function, neurodegeneration, a cytokine response, and the MAPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadezhda S Dyrkheeva
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine (ICBFM), Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), 8 Akad. Lavrentyeva Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
| | - Alexandra L Zakharenko
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine (ICBFM), Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), 8 Akad. Lavrentyeva Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
| | - Anastasia A Malakhova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine (ICBFM), Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), 8 Akad. Lavrentyeva Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Federal research center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, SB RAS, 10 Akad. Lavrentyeva Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
| | | | - Dmitry N Shtokalo
- AcademGene LLC, 6 Akad. Lavrentyeva Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; A.P. Ershov Institute of Informatics Systems, SB RAS, 6 Akad. Lavrentyeva Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
| | - Sergey P Medvedev
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine (ICBFM), Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), 8 Akad. Lavrentyeva Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; Federal research center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, SB RAS, 10 Akad. Lavrentyeva Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
| | - Alexey A Tupikin
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine (ICBFM), Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), 8 Akad. Lavrentyeva Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
| | - Marsel R Kabilov
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine (ICBFM), Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), 8 Akad. Lavrentyeva Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
| | - Olga I Lavrik
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine (ICBFM), Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), 8 Akad. Lavrentyeva Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.
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Kornienko TE, Chepanova AA, Zakharenko AL, Filimonov AS, Luzina OA, Dyrkheeva NS, Nikolin VP, Popova NA, Salakhutdinov NF, Lavrik OI. Enhancement of the Antitumor and Antimetastatic Effect of Topotecan and Normalization of Blood Counts in Mice with Lewis Carcinoma by Tdp1 Inhibitors-New Usnic Acid Derivatives. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1210. [PMID: 38279210 PMCID: PMC10816808 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 (Tdp1) is an important DNA repair enzyme and one of the causes of tumor resistance to topoisomerase 1 inhibitors such as topotecan. Inhibitors of this Tdp1 in combination with topotecan may improve the effectiveness of therapy. In this work, we synthesized usnic acid derivatives, which are hybrids of its known derivatives: tumor sensitizers to topotecan. New compounds inhibit Tdp1 in the micromolar and submicromolar concentration range; some of them enhance the effect of topotecan on the metabolic activity of cells of various lines according to the MTT test. One of the new compounds (compound 7) not only sensitizes Krebs-2 and Lewis carcinomas of mice to the action of topotecan, but also normalizes the state of the peripheral blood of mice, which is disturbed in the presence of a tumor. Thus, the synthesized substances may be the prototype of a new class of additional therapy for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana E. Kornienko
- Novosibirsk Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 8, Akademika Lavrentieva Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (T.E.K.); (A.A.C.); (N.S.D.); (O.I.L.)
| | - Arina A. Chepanova
- Novosibirsk Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 8, Akademika Lavrentieva Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (T.E.K.); (A.A.C.); (N.S.D.); (O.I.L.)
| | - Alexandra L. Zakharenko
- Novosibirsk Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 8, Akademika Lavrentieva Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (T.E.K.); (A.A.C.); (N.S.D.); (O.I.L.)
| | - Aleksandr S. Filimonov
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 9, Akademika Lavrentieva Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (A.S.F.); (O.A.L.); (N.F.S.)
| | - Olga A. Luzina
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 9, Akademika Lavrentieva Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (A.S.F.); (O.A.L.); (N.F.S.)
| | - Nadezhda S. Dyrkheeva
- Novosibirsk Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 8, Akademika Lavrentieva Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (T.E.K.); (A.A.C.); (N.S.D.); (O.I.L.)
| | - Valeriy P. Nikolin
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 10, Akademika Lavrentieva Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (V.P.N.); (N.A.P.)
| | - Nelly A. Popova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 10, Akademika Lavrentieva Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (V.P.N.); (N.A.P.)
| | - Nariman F. Salakhutdinov
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 9, Akademika Lavrentieva Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (A.S.F.); (O.A.L.); (N.F.S.)
| | - Olga I. Lavrik
- Novosibirsk Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 8, Akademika Lavrentieva Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (T.E.K.); (A.A.C.); (N.S.D.); (O.I.L.)
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Maurya P, Rawat RS, Gupta S, Krishna S, Siddiqi MI, Sashidhara KV, Banerjee D. Synergy between human DNA ligase I and topoisomerase 1 unveils new therapeutic strategy for the management of colorectal cancer. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024:1-16. [PMID: 38179981 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2297817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
DNA topoisomerase 1 (Topo 1) is a pivotal player in various DNA processes, including replication, repair, and transcription. It serves as a target for anticancer drugs like camptothecin and its derivatives (Topotecan and SN-38/Irinotecan). However, the emergence of drug resistance and the associated adverse effects, such as alopecia, anemia, dyspnea, fever, chills, and painful or difficult urination, pose significant challenges in Topo 1-targeted therapy, necessitating urgent attention. Human DNA Ligase 1 (hLig I), recognized primarily for its role in DNA replication and repair of DNA breaks, intriguingly exhibits a DNA relaxation activity akin to Topo 1. This raised the hypothesis that hLig I might compensate for Topo 1 inhibition, contributing to resistance against Topo 1 inhibitors. To explore this hypothesis, we assessed the efficacy of hLig I inhibition alone and in combination with Topo 1 in cancer cells. As anticipated, the overexpression of hLig I was observed after Topo 1 inhibition in colorectal cancer cells, affirming our hypothesis. Previously identified as an inhibitor of hLig I's DNA relaxation activity, compound 27 (C 27), when combined with Topotecan, demonstrated a synergistic antiproliferative effect on colorectal cancer cells. Notably, cells with downregulated hLig I (via siRNA, inhibitors, or genetic manipulation) exhibited significantly heightened sensitivity to Topotecan. This observation strongly supports the concept that hLig I contribute to resistance against clinically relevant Topo 1 inhibitors in colorectal cancers. In conclusion, our findings offer evidence for the synergistic impact of combining hLig I inhibitors with Topotecan in the treatment of colorectal cancers, providing a promising strategy to overcome resistance to Topo 1 inhibitors.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Maurya
- Cancer Biology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
- Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Rohit Singh Rawat
- Cancer Biology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
- Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Sampa Gupta
- Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Shagun Krishna
- Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
- Biochemistry and Structural Biology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Mohammad Imran Siddiqi
- Biochemistry and Structural Biology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India
| | - Koneni V Sashidhara
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India
| | - Dibyendu Banerjee
- Cancer Biology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India
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Madkour MM, Ramadan WS, Saleh E, El-Awady R. Epigenetic modulations in cancer: predictive biomarkers and potential targets for overcoming the resistance to topoisomerase I inhibitors. Ann Med 2023; 55:2203946. [PMID: 37092854 PMCID: PMC10128461 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2203946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Altered epigenetic map is frequently observed in cancer and recent investigations have demonstrated a pertinent role of epigenetic modifications in the response to many anticancer drugs including the DNA damaging agents. Topoisomerase I (Top I) is a well-known nuclear enzyme that is critical for DNA function and cell survival and its inhibition causes DNA strand breaks and cell cycle arrest. Inhibitors of human Top I have proven to be a prosperous chemotherapeutic treatment for a vast number of cancer patients. While the treatment is efficacious in many cases, resistance and altered cellular response remain major therapeutic issues. AREAS COVERED This review highlights the evidence available till date on the influence of different epigenetic modifications on the response to Top I inhibitors as well as the implications of targeting epigenetic alterations for improving the efficacy and safety of Top I inhibitors. EXPERT OPINION The field of epigenetic research is steadily growing. With its assistance, we could gain better understanding on how drug response and resistance work. Epigenetics can evolve as possible biomarkers and predictors of response to many medications including Top I inhibitors, and could have significant clinical implications that necessitate deeper attention.HIGHLIGHTSEpigenetic alterations, including DNA methylation and histone modifications, play a pertinent role in the response to several anticancer treatments, including DNA damaging agents like Top I inhibitors.Although camptothecin derivatives are used clinically as Top I inhibitors for management of cancer, certain types of cancer have inherent and or acquired resistance that limit the curative potential of them.Epigenetic modifications like DNA hypomethylation can either increase or decrease sensitivity to Top I inhibitors by different mechanisms.The combination of Top I inhibitors with the inhibitors of histone modifying enzymes can result in enhanced cytotoxic effects and sensitization of resistant cells to Top I inhibitors.MicroRNAs were found to directly influence the expression of Top I and other proteins in cancer cells resulting in positive or negative alteration of the response to Top I inhibitors.lncRNAs and their genetic polymorphisms have been found to be associated with Top I function and the response to its inhibitors.Clinical trials of epigenetic drugs in combination with Top I inhibitors are plentiful and some of them showed potentially promising outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moustafa M Madkour
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Wafaa S Ramadan
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ekram Saleh
- Clinical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, Cancer Biology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Raafat El-Awady
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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Zakharenko AL, Dyrkheeva NS, Luzina OA, Filimonov AS, Mozhaitsev ES, Malakhova AA, Medvedev SP, Zakian SM, Salakhutdinov NF, Lavrik OI. Usnic Acid Derivatives Inhibit DNA Repair Enzymes Tyrosyl-DNA Phosphodiesterases 1 and 2 and Act as Potential Anticancer Agents. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1931. [PMID: 37895279 PMCID: PMC10606488 DOI: 10.3390/genes14101931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 and 2 (Tdp1 and Tdp2) are DNA repair enzymes that repair DNA damage caused by various agents, including anticancer drugs. Thus, these enzymes resist anticancer therapy and could be the reason for resistance to such widely used drugs such as topotecan and etoposide. In the present work, we found compounds capable of inhibiting both enzymes among derivatives of (-)-usnic acid. Both (+)- and (-)-enantiomers of compounds act equally effectively against Tdp1 with IC50 values in the range of 0.02-0.2 μM; only (-)-enantiomers inhibited Tdp2 with IC50 values in the range of 6-9 μM. Surprisingly, the compounds protect HEK293FT wild type cells from the cytotoxic effect of etoposide (CC50 3.0-3.9 μM in the presence of compounds and 2.4 μM the presence of DMSO) but potentiate it against Tdp2 knockout cells (CC50 1.2-1.6 μM in the presence of compounds against 2.3 μM in the presence of DMSO). We assume that the sensitizing effect of the compounds in the absence of Tdp2 is associated with the effective inhibition of Tdp1, which could take over the functions of Tdp2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra L. Zakharenko
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Akademika Lavrentieva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (N.S.D.); (O.I.L.)
| | - Nadezhda S. Dyrkheeva
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Akademika Lavrentieva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (N.S.D.); (O.I.L.)
| | - Olga A. Luzina
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 9 Akademika Lavrentieva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (O.A.L.); (A.S.F.); (E.S.M.); (N.F.S.)
| | - Aleksandr S. Filimonov
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 9 Akademika Lavrentieva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (O.A.L.); (A.S.F.); (E.S.M.); (N.F.S.)
| | - Evgenii S. Mozhaitsev
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 9 Akademika Lavrentieva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (O.A.L.); (A.S.F.); (E.S.M.); (N.F.S.)
| | - Anastasia A. Malakhova
- Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Akademika Lavrentieva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.A.M.); (S.P.M.); (S.M.Z.)
| | - Sergey P. Medvedev
- Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Akademika Lavrentieva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.A.M.); (S.P.M.); (S.M.Z.)
| | - Suren M. Zakian
- Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Akademika Lavrentieva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.A.M.); (S.P.M.); (S.M.Z.)
| | - Nariman F. Salakhutdinov
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 9 Akademika Lavrentieva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (O.A.L.); (A.S.F.); (E.S.M.); (N.F.S.)
| | - Olga I. Lavrik
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Akademika Lavrentieva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (N.S.D.); (O.I.L.)
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Khomenko TM, Zakharenko AL, Kornienko TE, Chepanova AA, Dyrkheeva NS, Artemova AO, Korchagina DV, Achara C, Curtis A, Reynisson J, Volcho KP, Salakhutdinov NF, Lavrik OI. New 5-Hydroxycoumarin-Based Tyrosyl-DNA Phosphodiesterase I Inhibitors Sensitize Tumor Cell Line to Topotecan. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119155. [PMID: 37298106 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Tyrosyl-DNA-phosphodiesterase 1 (TDP1) is an important enzyme in the DNA repair system. The ability of the enzyme to repair DNA damage induced by a topoisomerase 1 poison such as the anticancer drug topotecan makes TDP1 a promising target for complex antitumor therapy. In this work, a set of new 5-hydroxycoumarin derivatives containing monoterpene moieties was synthesized. It was shown that most of the conjugates synthesized demonstrated high inhibitory properties against TDP1 with an IC50 in low micromolar or nanomolar ranges. Geraniol derivative 33a was the most potent inhibitor with IC50 130 nM. Docking the ligands to TDP1 predicted a good fit with the catalytic pocket blocking access to it. The conjugates used in non-toxic concentration increased cytotoxicity of topotecan against HeLa cancer cell line but not against conditionally normal HEK 293A cells. Thus, a new structural series of TDP1 inhibitors, which are able to sensitize cancer cells to the topotecan cytotoxic effect has been discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana M Khomenko
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 9, Akademika Lavrentieva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alexandra L Zakharenko
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Tatyana E Kornienko
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Arina A Chepanova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Nadezhda S Dyrkheeva
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Anastasia O Artemova
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 9, Akademika Lavrentieva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Dina V Korchagina
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 9, Akademika Lavrentieva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Chigozie Achara
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Hornbeam Building, Newcastle-under-Lyme, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, UK
| | - Anthony Curtis
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Hornbeam Building, Newcastle-under-Lyme, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, UK
| | - Jóhannes Reynisson
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Hornbeam Building, Newcastle-under-Lyme, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, UK
| | - Konstantin P Volcho
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 9, Akademika Lavrentieva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Nariman F Salakhutdinov
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 9, Akademika Lavrentieva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Olga I Lavrik
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
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Zhao XZ, Wang W, Lountos GT, Kiselev E, Tropea JE, Needle D, Pommier Y, Burke TR. Identification of multidentate tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 (TDP1) inhibitors that simultaneously access the DNA, protein and catalytic-binding sites by oxime diversification. RSC Chem Biol 2023; 4:334-343. [PMID: 37181631 PMCID: PMC10170656 DOI: 10.1039/d2cb00230b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 (TDP1) is a member of the phospholipase D family that can downregulate the anticancer effects of the type I topoisomerase (TOP1) inhibitors by hydrolyzing the 3'-phosphodiester bond between DNA and the TOP1 residue Y723 in the critical stalled intermediate that is the foundation of TOP1 inhibitor mechanism of action. Thus, TDP1 antagonists are attractive as potential enhancers of TOP1 inhibitors. However, the open and extended nature of the TOP1-DNA substrate-binding region has made the development of TDP1 inhibitors extremely challenging. In this study, starting from our recently identified small molecule microarray (SMM)-derived TDP1-inhibitory imidazopyridine motif, we employed a click-based oxime protocol to extend the parent platform into the DNA and TOP1 peptide substrate-binding channels. We applied one-pot Groebke-Blackburn-Bienayme multicomponent reactions (GBBRs) to prepare the needed aminooxy-containing substrates. By reacting these precursors with approximately 250 aldehydes in microtiter format, we screened a library of nearly 500 oximes for their TDP1 inhibitory potencies using an in vitro florescence-based catalytic assay. Select hits were structurally explored as their triazole- and ether-based isosteres. We obtained crystal structures of two of the resulting inhibitors bound to the TDP1 catalytic domain. The structures reveal that the inhibitors form hydrogen bonds with the catalytic His-Lys-Asn triads ("HKN" motifs: H263, K265, N283 and H493, K495, N516), while simultaneously extending into both the substrate DNA and TOP1 peptide-binding grooves. This work provides a structural model for developing multivalent TDP1 inhibitors capable of binding in a tridentate fashion with a central component situated within the catalytic pocket and extensions that project into both the DNA and TOP1 peptide substrate-binding regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhi Zhao
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health Frederick MD USA
| | - Wenjie Wang
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch & Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD USA
| | - George T Lountos
- Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research Frederick MD USA
| | - Evgeny Kiselev
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch & Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD USA
| | - Joseph E Tropea
- Center for Structural Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute Frederick MD USA
| | - Danielle Needle
- Center for Structural Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute Frederick MD USA
| | - Yves Pommier
- Developmental Therapeutics Branch & Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD USA
| | - Terrence R Burke
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health Frederick MD USA
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Zakharenko AL, Luzina OA, Chepanova AA, Dyrkheeva NS, Salakhutdinov NF, Lavrik OI. Natural Products and Their Derivatives as Inhibitors of the DNA Repair Enzyme Tyrosyl-DNA Phosphodiesterase 1. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:5781. [PMID: 36982848 PMCID: PMC10051138 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 (TDP1) is an important repair enzyme that removes various covalent adducts from the 3' end of DNA. Particularly, covalent complexes of topoisomerase 1 (TOP1) with DNA stabilized by DNA damage or by various chemical agents are an examples of such adducts. Anticancer drugs such as the TOP1 poisons topotecan and irinotecan are responsible for the stabilization of these complexes. TDP1 neutralizes the effect of these anticancer drugs, eliminating the DNA adducts. Therefore, the inhibition of TDP1 can sensitize tumor cells to the action of TOP1 poisons. This review contains information about methods for determining the TDP1 activity, as well as describing the inhibitors of these enzyme derivatives of natural biologically active substances, such as aminoglycosides, nucleosides, polyphenolic compounds, and terpenoids. Data on the efficiency of combined inhibition of TOP1 and TDP1 in vitro and in vivo are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra L. Zakharenko
- Novosibirsk Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 8, Akademika Lavrentieva Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Olga A. Luzina
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 9, Akademika Lavrentieva Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Arina A. Chepanova
- Novosibirsk Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 8, Akademika Lavrentieva Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Nadezhda S. Dyrkheeva
- Novosibirsk Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 8, Akademika Lavrentieva Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Nariman F. Salakhutdinov
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 9, Akademika Lavrentieva Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Olga I. Lavrik
- Novosibirsk Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 8, Akademika Lavrentieva Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
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9
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Dyrkheeva NS, Malakhova AA, Zakharenko AL, Okorokova LS, Shtokalo DN, Pavlova SV, Medvedev SP, Zakian SM, Nushtaeva AA, Tupikin AE, Kabilov MR, Khodyreva SN, Luzina OA, Salakhutdinov NF, Lavrik OI. Transcriptomic Analysis of CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated PARP1-Knockout Cells under the Influence of Topotecan and TDP1 Inhibitor. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065148. [PMID: 36982223 PMCID: PMC10049738 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Topoisomerase 1 (TOP1) is an enzyme that regulates DNA topology and is essential for replication, recombination, and other processes. The normal TOP1 catalytic cycle involves the formation of a short-lived covalent complex with the 3' end of DNA (TOP1 cleavage complex, TOP1cc), which can be stabilized, resulting in cell death. This fact substantiates the effectiveness of anticancer drugs-TOP1 poisons, such as topotecan, that block the relegation of DNA and fix TOP1cc. Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 (TDP1) is able to eliminate TOP1cc. Thus, TDP1 interferes with the action of topotecan. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) is a key regulator of many processes in the cell, such as maintaining the integrity of the genome, regulation of the cell cycle, cell death, and others. PARP1 also controls the repair of TOP1cc. We performed a transcriptomic analysis of wild type and PARP1 knockout HEK293A cells treated with topotecan and TDP1 inhibitor OL9-119 alone and in combination. The largest number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs, about 4000 both up- and down-regulated genes) was found in knockout cells. Topotecan and OL9-119 treatment elicited significantly fewer DEGs in WT cells and negligible DEGs in PARP1-KO cells. A significant part of the changes caused by PARP1-KO affected the synthesis and processing of proteins. Differences under the action of treatment with TOP1 or TDP1 inhibitors alone were found in the signaling pathways for the development of cancer, DNA repair, and the proteasome. The drug combination resulted in DEGs in the ribosome, proteasome, spliceosome, and oxidative phosphorylation pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadezhda S Dyrkheeva
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Lavrentyeva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Anastasia A Malakhova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Lavrentyeva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Federal Research Centre Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Lavrentyeva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Aleksandra L Zakharenko
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Lavrentyeva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | | | - Dmitriy N Shtokalo
- AcademGene LLC, 6 Lavrentyeva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- A.P. Ershov Institute of Informatics Systems SB RAS, 6 Lavrentyeva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Sophia V Pavlova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Lavrentyeva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Federal Research Centre Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Lavrentyeva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Sergey P Medvedev
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Lavrentyeva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Federal Research Centre Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Lavrentyeva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Suren M Zakian
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Lavrentyeva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Federal Research Centre Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 10 Lavrentyeva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Anna A Nushtaeva
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Lavrentyeva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alexey E Tupikin
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Lavrentyeva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Marsel R Kabilov
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Lavrentyeva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Svetlana N Khodyreva
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Lavrentyeva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Olga A Luzina
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 9 Lavrentyeva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Nariman F Salakhutdinov
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 9 Lavrentyeva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Olga I Lavrik
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Lavrentyeva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
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10
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Ye J, Wu J, Liu B. Therapeutic strategies of dual-target small molecules to overcome drug resistance in cancer therapy. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188866. [PMID: 36842765 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
Despite some advances in targeted therapeutics of human cancers, curative cancer treatment still remains a tremendous challenge due to the occurrence of drug resistance. A variety of underlying resistance mechanisms to targeted cancer drugs have recently revealed that the dual-target therapeutic strategy would be an attractive avenue. Compared to drug combination strategies, one agent simultaneously modulating two druggable targets generally shows fewer adverse reactions and lower toxicity. As a consequence, the dual-target small molecule has been extensively explored to overcome drug resistance in cancer therapy. Thus, in this review, we focus on summarizing drug resistance mechanisms of cancer cells, such as enhanced drug efflux, deregulated cell death, DNA damage repair, and epigenetic alterations. Based upon the resistance mechanisms, we further discuss the current therapeutic strategies of dual-target small molecules to overcome drug resistance, which will shed new light on exploiting more intricate mechanisms and relevant dual-target drugs for future cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center and Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Junhao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center and Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Bo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center and Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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11
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The Lipophilic Purine Nucleoside-Tdp1 Inhibitor-Enhances DNA Damage Induced by Topotecan In Vitro and Potentiates the Antitumor Effect of Topotecan In Vivo. Molecules 2022; 28:molecules28010323. [PMID: 36615517 PMCID: PMC9822400 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of cancer chemotherapy sensitizers is a promising approach to induce the effect of clinically used anticancer treatments. One of the interesting targets is Tyrosyl-DNA Phosphodiesterase 1 (Tdp1), a DNA-repair enzyme, that may prevent the action of clinical Topoisomerase 1 (Top1) inhibitors, such as topotecan (Tpc). Tdp1 eliminates covalent Top1-DNA (Top1c) complexes that appear under the action of topotecan and determines the cytotoxic effect of this drug. We hypothesize that Tdp1 inhibition would sensitize cells towards the effect of Tpc. Herein, we report the synthesis and study of lipophilic derivatives of purine nucleosides that efficiently suppress Tdp1 activity, with IC50 values in the 0.3-22.0 μM range. We also showed that this compound class can enhance DNA damage induced by topotecan in vitro by Comet assay on human cell lines HeLa and potentiate the antitumor effect of topotecan in vivo on a mice ascitic Krebs-2 carcinoma model. Thereby, this type of compound may be useful to develop drugs, that sensitize the effect of topotecan and reduce the required dose and, as a result, side effects.
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12
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Hu X, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Jiao F, Wang J, Chen H, Ouyang L, Wang Y. Dual-target inhibitors of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 for cancer therapy: Advances, challenges, and opportunities. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 230:114094. [PMID: 34998039 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.114094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PARP1 plays a crucial role in DNA damage repair, making it an essential target for cancer therapy. PARP1 inhibitors are widely used to treat BRCA-deficient malignancies, and six PARP inhibitors have been approved for clinical use. However, excluding the great clinical success of PARP inhibitors, the concomitant toxicity, drug resistance, and limited scope of application restrict their clinical efficacy. To find solutions to these problems, dual-target inhibitors have shown great potential. In recent years, several studies have linked PAPR1 to other primary cancer targets. Many dual-target inhibitors have been developed using structural fusion, linkage, or library construction methods, overcoming the defects of many single-target inhibitors of PARP1 and achieving great success in clinical cancer therapy. This review summarizes the advance of dual-target PARP1 inhibitors in recent years, focusing on their structural optimization process, structure-activity relationships (SARs), and in vitro or in vivo analysis results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Hu
- Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Jifa Zhang
- Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Fulun Jiao
- Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Jiaxing Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, 38163, Tennessee, United States
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, 38163, Tennessee, United States
| | - Liang Ouyang
- Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuxi Wang
- Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China; Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province & Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
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13
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Wang Y, Wei B, Wang D, Wu J, Gao J, Zhong H, Sun Y, Xu Q, Liu W, Gu Y, Guo W. DNA damage repair promotion in colonic epithelial cells by andrographolide downregulated cGAS‒STING pathway activation and contributed to the relief of CPT-11-induced intestinal mucositis. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:262-273. [PMID: 35127384 PMCID: PMC8799857 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal mucositis is one of the most debilitating side effects of the chemotherapeutic agent irinotecan (CPT-11). Andrographolide, a natural bicyclic diterpenoid lactone, has been reported to possess anti-colitis activity. In this study, andrographolide treatment was found to significantly relieve CPT-11-induced colitis in tumor-bearing mice without decreasing the tumor suppression effect of CPT-11. CPT-11 causes DNA damage and the release of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) from the intestine, leading to cyclic-GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)‒stimulator of interferon genes (STING)-mediated colitis, which was significantly decreased by andrographolide both in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistic studies revealed that andrographolide could promote homologous recombination (HR) repair and downregulate dsDNA‒cGAS‒STING signaling and contribute to the improvement of CPT-11-induced gastrointestinal mucositis. These results suggest that andrographolide may be a novel agent to relieve gastrointestinal mucositis caused by CPT-11.
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14
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Liu D, Yu Q, Ning Q, Liu Z, Song J. The relationship between UGT1A1 gene & various diseases and prevention strategies. Drug Metab Rev 2021; 54:1-21. [PMID: 34807779 DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2021.2001493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
UDP-glucuronyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) is a member of the Phase II metabolic enzyme family and the only enzyme that can metabolize detoxified bilirubin. Inactivation and very low activity of UGT1A1 in the liver can be fatal or lead to lifelong Gilbert's syndrome (GS) and Crigler-Najjar syndrome (CN). To date, more than one hundred UGT1A1 polymorphisms have been discovered. Although most UGT1A1 polymorphisms are not fatal, which diseases might be associated with low activity UGT1A1 or UGT1A1 polymorphisms? This scientific topic has been studied for more than a hundred years, there are still many uncertainties. Herein, this article will summarize all the possibilities of UGT1A1 gene-related diseases, including GS and CN, neurological disease, hepatobiliary disease, metabolic difficulties, gallstone, cardiovascular disease, Crohn's disease (CD) obesity, diabetes, myelosuppression, leukemia, tumorigenesis, etc., and provide guidance for researchers to conduct in-depth study on UGT1A1 gene-related diseases. In addition, this article not only summarizes the prevention strategies of UGT1A1 gene-related diseases, but also puts forward some insights for sharing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China.,Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China.,Guangdong Key Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine, Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Qi Yu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine, Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Qing Ning
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China.,Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Zhongqiu Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine, Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jie Song
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China.,Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, PR China
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15
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New Hybrid Compounds Combining Fragments of Usnic Acid and Thioether Are Inhibitors of Human Enzymes TDP1, TDP2 and PARP1. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111336. [PMID: 34768766 PMCID: PMC8583042 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 (TDP1) catalyzes the cleavage of the phosphodiester bond between the tyrosine residue of topoisomerase 1 (TOP1) and the 3' phosphate of DNA in the single-strand break generated by TOP1. TDP1 promotes the cleavage of the stable DNA-TOP1 complexes with the TOP1 inhibitor topotecan, which is a clinically used anticancer drug. This article reports the synthesis and study of usnic acid thioether and sulfoxide derivatives that efficiently suppress TDP1 activity, with IC50 values in the 1.4-25.2 μM range. The structure of the heterocyclic substituent introduced into the dibenzofuran core affects the TDP1 inhibitory efficiency of the compounds. A five-membered heterocyclic fragment was shown to be most pharmacophoric among the others. Sulfoxide derivatives were less cytotoxic than their thioester analogs. We observed an uncompetitive type of inhibition for the four most effective inhibitors of TDP1. The anticancer effect of TOP1 inhibitors can be enhanced by the simultaneous inhibition of PARP1, TDP1, and TDP2. Some of the compounds inhibited not only TDP1 but also TDP2 and/or PARP1, but at significantly higher concentration ranges than TDP1. Leader compound 10a showed promising synergy on HeLa cells in conjunction with the TOP1 inhibitor topotecan.
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16
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New Hybrid Compounds Combining Fragments of Usnic Acid and Monoterpenoids for Effective Tyrosyl-DNA Phosphodiesterase 1 Inhibition. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11070973. [PMID: 34356597 PMCID: PMC8301776 DOI: 10.3390/biom11070973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Usnic acid (UA) is a secondary metabolite of lichens that exhibits a wide range of biological activities. Previously, we found that UA derivatives are effective inhibitors of tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 (TDP1). It can remove covalent complex DNA-topoisomerase 1 (TOP1) stabilized by the TOP1 inhibitor topotecan, neutralizing the effect of the drugs. TDP1 removes damage at the 3′ end of DNA caused by other anticancer agents. Thus, TDP1 is a promising therapeutic target for the development of drug combinations with topotecan, as well as other drugs for cancer treatment. Ten new UA enamino derivatives with variation in the terpene fragment and substituent of the UA backbone were synthesized and tested as TDP1 inhibitors. Four compounds, 11a-d, had IC50 values in the 0.23–0.40 μM range. Molecular modelling showed that 11a-d, with relatively short aliphatic chains, fit to the important binding domains. The intrinsic cytotoxicity of 11a-d was tested on two human cell lines. The compounds had low cytotoxicity with CC50 ≥ 60 μM for both cell lines. 11a and 11c had high inhibition efficacy and low cytotoxicity, and they enhanced topotecan’s cytotoxicity in cancerous HeLa cells but reduced it in the non-cancerous HEK293A cells. This “protective” effect from topotecan on non-cancerous cells requires further investigation.
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17
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Leung E, Patel J, Hollywood JA, Zafar A, Tomek P, Barker D, Pilkington LI, van Rensburg M, Langley RJ, Helsby NA, Squire CJ, Baguley BC, Denny WA, Reynisson J, Leung IKH. Validating TDP1 as an Inhibition Target for the Development of Chemosensitizers for Camptothecin-Based Chemotherapy Drugs. Oncol Ther 2021; 9:541-556. [PMID: 34159519 PMCID: PMC8593127 DOI: 10.1007/s40487-021-00158-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer chemotherapy sensitizers hold the key to maximizing the potential of standard anticancer treatments. We have a long-standing interest in developing and validating inhibitors of the DNA repair enzyme tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 (TDP1) as chemosensitizers for topoisomerase I poisons such as topotecan. Herein, by using thieno[2,3-b]pyridines, a class of TDP1 inhibitors, we showed that the inhibition of TDP1 can restore sensitivity to topotecan, results that are supported by TDP1 knockout cell experiments using CRISPR/Cas9. However, we also found that the restored sensitivity towards topoisomerase I inhibitors is likely regulated by multiple complementary DNA repair pathways. Our results showed that one of these pathways is likely modulated by PARP1, although it is also possible that other redundant and partially overlapping pathways may be involved in the DNA repair process. Our work thus raises the prospect of targeting multiple DNA repair pathways to increase the sensitivity to topoisomerase I inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Euphemia Leung
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Victoria Street West, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand. .,Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Victoria Street West, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand. .,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Victoria Street West, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand.
| | - Jinal Patel
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Victoria Street West, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Jennifer A Hollywood
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Victoria Street West, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Ayesha Zafar
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Victoria Street West, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Petr Tomek
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Victoria Street West, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - David Barker
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Victoria Street West, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand.,The MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Victoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600, Wellington, 6140, New Zealand
| | - Lisa I Pilkington
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Victoria Street West, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Michelle van Rensburg
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Victoria Street West, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Ries J Langley
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Victoria Street West, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand.,Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Victoria Street West, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Nuala A Helsby
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Victoria Street West, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Christopher J Squire
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Victoria Street West, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand.,School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Victoria Street West, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Bruce C Baguley
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Victoria Street West, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - William A Denny
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Victoria Street West, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Jóhannes Reynisson
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Victoria Street West, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand. .,School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK.
| | - Ivanhoe K H Leung
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Victoria Street West, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand. .,School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Victoria Street West, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand. .,School of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia. .,Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.
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18
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Li T, Petreaca RC, Forsburg SL. Schizosaccharomyces pombe KAT5 contributes to resection and repair of a DNA double-strand break. Genetics 2021; 218:6173406. [PMID: 33723569 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/iyab042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromatin remodeling is essential for effective repair of a DNA double-strand break (DSB). KAT5 (Schizosaccharomyces pombe Mst1, human TIP60) is a MYST family histone acetyltransferase conserved from yeast to humans that coordinates various DNA damage response activities at a DNA DSB, including histone remodeling and activation of the DNA damage checkpoint. In S. pombe, mutations in mst1+ causes sensitivity to DNA damaging drugs. Here we show that Mst1 is recruited to DSBs. Mutation of mst1+ disrupts recruitment of repair proteins and delays resection. These defects are partially rescued by deletion of pku70, which has been previously shown to antagonize repair by homologous recombination (HR). These phenotypes of mst1 are similar to pht1-4KR, a nonacetylatable form of histone variant H2A.Z, which has been proposed to affect resection. Our data suggest that Mst1 functions to direct repair of DSBs toward HR pathways by modulating resection at the DSB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Li
- Program of Molecular and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-2910, USA
| | - Ruben C Petreaca
- Program of Molecular and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-2910, USA
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Ohio State University, Marion, OH 43302, USA
| | - Susan L Forsburg
- Program of Molecular and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-2910, USA
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19
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Chan AM, Fletcher S. Shifting the paradigm in treating multi-factorial diseases: polypharmacological co-inhibitors of HDAC6. RSC Med Chem 2021; 12:178-196. [PMID: 34046608 PMCID: PMC8127619 DOI: 10.1039/d0md00286k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Multi-factorial diseases are illnesses that exploit multiple cellular processes, or stages within one process, and thus highly targeted therapies often succumb to the disease, losing efficacy as resistance sets in. Combination therapies have become a mainstay to battle these diseases, however these regimens are plagued with caveats. An emerging avenue to treat multi-factorial diseases is polypharmacology, wherein a single drug is rationally designed to bind multiple targets, and is widely touted to be superior to combination therapy by inherently addressing the latter's shortcomings, which include poor patient compliance, narrow therapeutic windows and spiraling healthcare costs. Through its roles in intracellular trafficking, cell motility, mitosis, protein folding and as a back-up to the proteasome pathway, HDAC6 has rapidly become an exciting new target for therapeutics, particularly in the discovery of new drugs to treat Alzheimer's disease and cancer. Herein, we describe recent efforts to marry together HDAC pharmacophores, with a particular emphasis on HDAC6 selectivity, with those of other targets towards the discovery of potent therapeutics to treat these evasive diseases. Such polypharmacological agents may supercede combination therapies through inherent synergism, permitting reduced dosing, wider therapeutic windows and improved compliance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandria M Chan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy 20 N Pine St Baltimore MD 21201 USA
| | - Steven Fletcher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy 20 N Pine St Baltimore MD 21201 USA
- University of Maryland Greenebaum Cancer Center 22 S Greene St Baltimore MD 21201 USA
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20
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Mei C, Lei L, Tan LM, Xu XJ, He BM, Luo C, Yin JY, Li X, Zhang W, Zhou HH, Liu ZQ. The role of single strand break repair pathways in cellular responses to camptothecin induced DNA damage. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 125:109875. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.109875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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21
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Stanković T, Dinić J, Podolski-Renić A, Musso L, Burić SS, Dallavalle S, Pešić M. Dual Inhibitors as a New Challenge for Cancer Multidrug Resistance Treatment. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:6074-6106. [PMID: 29874992 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180607094856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dual-targeting in cancer treatment by a single drug is an unconventional approach in relation to drug combinations. The rationale for the development of dualtargeting agents is to overcome incomplete efficacy and drug resistance frequently present when applying individual targeting agents. Consequently, -a more favorable outcome of cancer treatment is expected with dual-targeting strategies. METHODS We reviewed the literature, concentrating on the association between clinically relevant and/or novel dual inhibitors with the potential to modulate multidrug resistant phenotype of cancer cells, particularly the activity of P-glycoprotein. A balanced analysis of content was performed to emphasize the most important findings and optimize the structure of this review. RESULTS Two-hundred and forty-five papers were included in the review. The introductory part was interpreted by 9 papers. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors' role in the inhibition of Pglycoprotein and chemosensitization was illustrated by 87 papers. The contribution of naturalbased compounds in overcoming multidrug resistance was reviewed using 92 papers, while specific dual inhibitors acting against microtubule assembling and/or topoisomerases were described with 55 papers. Eleven papers gave an insight into a novel and less explored approach with hybrid drugs. Their influence on P-glycoprotein and multidrug resistance was also evaluated. CONCLUSION These findings bring into focus rational anticancer strategies with dual-targeting agents. Most evaluated synthetic and natural drugs showed a great potential in chemosensitization. Further steps in this direction are needed for the optimization of anticancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tijana Stanković
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Dinić
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ana Podolski-Renić
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Loana Musso
- DeFENS, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Universita degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Sonja Stojković Burić
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sabrina Dallavalle
- DeFENS, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Universita degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Milica Pešić
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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22
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Song M, Yin S, Zhao R, Liu K, Kundu JK, Shim JH, Lee MH, Dong Z. (S)-10-Hydroxycamptothecin Inhibits Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Growth In Vitro and In Vivo Via Decreasing Topoisomerase I Enzyme Activity. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11121964. [PMID: 31817790 PMCID: PMC6966462 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11121964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Topoisomerase (TOP) I plays a major role in the process of supercoiled DNA relaxation, thereby facilitating DNA replication and cell cycle progression. The expression and enzymatic activity of TOP I is positively correlated with tumor progression. Although the anticancer activity of (S)-10-Hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT), a TOP I specific inhibitor, has been reported in various cancers, the effect of HCPT on esophageal cancer is yet to be examined. In this study, we investigate the potential of HCPT to inhibit the growth of ESCC cells in vitro and verify its anti-tumor activity in vivo by using a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) tumor model in mice. Our study revealed the overexpression of TOP I in ESCC cells and treatment with HCPT inhibited TOP I enzymatic activity at 24 h and decreased expression at 48 h and 72 h. HCPT also induced DNA damage by increasing the expression of H2A.XS139. HCPT significantly decreased the proliferation and anchorage-independent growth of ESCC cells (KYSE410, KYSE510, KYSE30, and KYSE450). Mechanistically, HCPT inhibited the G2/M phase cell cycle transition, decreased the expression of cyclin B1, and elevated p21 expression. In addition, HCPT stimulated ESCC cells apoptosis, which was associated with elevated expression of cleaved PARP, cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-7, Bax, Bim, and inhibition of Bcl-2 expression. HCPT dramatically suppressed PDX tumor growth and decreased the expression of Ki-67 and TOP I and increased the level of cleaved caspase-3 and H2A.XS139 expression. Taken together, our data suggested that HCPT inhibited ESCC growth, arrested cell cycle progression, and induced apoptosis both in vitro and in vivo via decreasing the expression and activity of TOP I enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqiu Song
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (M.S.); (S.Y.); (R.Z.); (K.L.)
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, No.127, Dongming Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou 450008, China;
| | - Shuying Yin
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (M.S.); (S.Y.); (R.Z.); (K.L.)
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, No.127, Dongming Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou 450008, China;
| | - Ran Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (M.S.); (S.Y.); (R.Z.); (K.L.)
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, No.127, Dongming Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou 450008, China;
| | - Kangdong Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (M.S.); (S.Y.); (R.Z.); (K.L.)
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, No.127, Dongming Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou 450008, China;
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Joydeb Kumar Kundu
- Li Ka Shing Applied Virology Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada;
| | - Jung-Hyun Shim
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, No.127, Dongming Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou 450008, China;
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554, Korea
| | - Mee-Hyun Lee
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (M.S.); (S.Y.); (R.Z.); (K.L.)
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, No.127, Dongming Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou 450008, China;
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Correspondence: or (M.-H.L.); (Z.D.); Tel.: +86-371-6558-7008 (M.-H.L.); +86-371-6558-7008 (Z.D.); Fax: +86-371-6558-7670 (M.-H.L.); +86-371-6558-7670 (Z.D.)
| | - Zigang Dong
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (M.S.); (S.Y.); (R.Z.); (K.L.)
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, No.127, Dongming Road, Jinshui District, Zhengzhou 450008, China;
- Correspondence: or (M.-H.L.); (Z.D.); Tel.: +86-371-6558-7008 (M.-H.L.); +86-371-6558-7008 (Z.D.); Fax: +86-371-6558-7670 (M.-H.L.); +86-371-6558-7670 (Z.D.)
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23
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Chen TC, Yu DS, Chen SJ, Chen CL, Lee CC, Hsieh YY, Chang LC, Guh JH, Lin JJ, Huang HS. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of tetracyclic azafluorenone derivatives with topoisomerase I inhibitory properties as potential anticancer agents. ARAB J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2016.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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24
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López-Camarillo C, Rincón DG, Ruiz-García E, Astudillo-de la Vega H, Marchat LA. DNA Repair Proteins as Therapeutic Targets in Ovarian Cancer. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2019; 20:316-323. [PMID: 30215333 DOI: 10.2174/1389203719666180914091537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer is a serious public health problem worldwide with the highest mortality rate of all gynecologic cancers. The current standard-of-care for the treatment of ovarian cancer is based on chemotherapy based on adjuvant cisplatin/carboplatin and taxane regimens that represent the first-line agents for patients with advanced disease. The DNA repair activity of cancer cells determines the efficacy of anticancer drugs. These features make DNA repair mechanisms a promising target for novel cancer treatments. In this context a better understanding of the DNA damage response caused by antitumor agents has provided the basis for the use of DNA repair inhibitors to improve the therapeutic use of DNA-damaging drugs. In this review, we will discuss the functions of DNA repair proteins and the advances in targeting DNA repair pathways with special emphasis in the inhibition of HRR and BER in ovarian cancer. We focused in the actual efforts in the development and clinical use of poly (ADPribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors for the intervention of BRCA1/BRCA2-deficient ovarian tumors. The clinical development of PARP inhibitors in ovarian cancer patients with germline BRCA1/2 mutations and sporadic high-grade serous ovarian cancer is ongoing. Some phase II and phase III trials have been completed with promising results for ovarian cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- César López-Camarillo
- Posgrado en Ciencias Genomicas, Universidad Autonoma de la Ciudad de Mexico, México City, Mexico
| | - Dolores G Rincón
- Laboratorio de Medicina Translacional. Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Erika Ruiz-García
- Laboratorio de Medicina Translacional. Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Horacio Astudillo-de la Vega
- Laboratorio de Investigacion Translacional en Cancer y Terapia Celular, Hospital de Oncologia Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, Mexico
| | - Laurence A Marchat
- Programa en Biomedicina Molecular y Red de Biotecnologia. Instituto Politecnico Nacional. Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
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25
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The Development of Tyrosyl-DNA Phosphodiesterase 1 Inhibitors. Combination of Monoterpene and Adamantine Moieties via Amide or Thioamide Bridges. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9132767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Eleven amide and thioamide derivatives with monoterpene and adamantine substituents were synthesised. They were tested for their activity against the tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 DNA (Tdp1) repair enzyme with the most potent compound 47a, having an IC50 value of 0.64 M. When tested in the A-549 lung adenocarcinoma cell line, no or very limited cytotoxic effect was observed for the ligands. However, in conjunction with topotecan, a well-established Topoisomerase 1 (Top1) poison in clinical use against cancer, derivative 46a was very cytotoxic at 5 M concentration, displaying strong synergism. This effect was only seen for 46a (IC50—3.3 M) albeit some other ligands had better IC50 values. Molecular modelling into the catalytic site of Tdp1 predicted plausible binding mode of 46a, effectively blocking access to the catalytic site.
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26
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Zakharenko A, Dyrkheeva N, Lavrik O. Dual DNA topoisomerase 1 and tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 inhibition for improved anticancer activity. Med Res Rev 2019; 39:1427-1441. [PMID: 31004352 DOI: 10.1002/med.21587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 (Tdp1) is a DNA repair enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of the phosphodiester bond in the DNA-topoisomerase 1 (Top1) covalent complex and repairs some other 3'-end DNA adducts. Currently, Tdp1 functions as an important target in cancer drug design owing to its ability to break down various DNA adducts induced by chemotherapeutics. Tdp1 inhibitors may sensitize tumor cells to the action of Top1 poisons, thereby potentiating their effects. This mini-review summarizes findings from studies reporting the combined inhibition of Top1 and Tdp1. Two different approaches have been considered for developing such drug precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Zakharenko
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry of Enzymes, Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Nadezhda Dyrkheeva
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry of Enzymes, Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Olga Lavrik
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry of Enzymes, Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation.,Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
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27
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Sonavane M, Sykora P, Andrews JF, Sobol RW, Gassman NR. Camptothecin Efficacy to Poison Top1 Is Altered by Bisphenol A in Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts. Chem Res Toxicol 2018; 31:510-519. [PMID: 29799191 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.8b00050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is used heavily in the production of polycarbonate plastics, thermal receipt paper, and epoxies. Ubiquitous exposure to BPA has been linked to obesity, diabetes, and breast and reproductive system cancers. Resistance to chemotherapeutic agents has also been shown in cancer cell models. Here, we investigated BPA's ability to confer resistance to camptothecin (CPT) in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). MEFs are sensitive to CPT; however, co-exposure of BPA with CPT improved cell survival. Co-exposure significantly reduced Top1-DNA adducts, decreasing chromosomal aberrations and DNA strand break formation. This decrease occurs despite BPA treatment increasing the protein levels of Top1. By examining chromatin structure after BPA exposure, we determined that widespread compaction and loss of nuclear volume occurs. Therefore, BPA reduced CPT activity by reducing the accessibility of DNA to Top1, inhibiting DNA adduct formation, the generation of toxic DNA strand breaks, and improving cell survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Sonavane
- Department of Oncologic Sciences , University of South Alabama Mitchell Cancer Institute , 1660 Spring Hill Avenue , Mobile , Alabama 36604 , United States
| | - Peter Sykora
- Department of Oncologic Sciences , University of South Alabama Mitchell Cancer Institute , 1660 Spring Hill Avenue , Mobile , Alabama 36604 , United States
| | - Joel F Andrews
- Department of Oncologic Sciences , University of South Alabama Mitchell Cancer Institute , 1660 Spring Hill Avenue , Mobile , Alabama 36604 , United States
| | - Robert W Sobol
- Department of Oncologic Sciences , University of South Alabama Mitchell Cancer Institute , 1660 Spring Hill Avenue , Mobile , Alabama 36604 , United States
| | - Natalie R Gassman
- Department of Oncologic Sciences , University of South Alabama Mitchell Cancer Institute , 1660 Spring Hill Avenue , Mobile , Alabama 36604 , United States
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28
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Amawi H, Hussein NA, Ashby CR, Alnafisah R, Sanglard LM, Manivannan E, Karthikeyan C, Trivedi P, Eisenmann KM, Robey RW, Tiwari AK. Bax/Tubulin/Epithelial-Mesenchymal Pathways Determine the Efficacy of Silybin Analog HM015k in Colorectal Cancer Cell Growth and Metastasis. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:520. [PMID: 29875662 PMCID: PMC5974752 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The inhibition of apoptosis, disruption of cellular microtubule dynamics, and over-activation of the epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), are involved in the progression, metastasis, and resistance of colorectal cancer (CRC) to chemotherapy. Therefore, the design of a molecule that can target these pathways could be an effective strategy to reverse CRC progression and metastasis. In this study, twelve novel silybin derivatives, HM015a-HM015k (15a−15k) and compound 17, were screened for cytotoxicity in CRC cell lines. Compounds HM015j and HM015k (15k and 15j) significantly decreased cell proliferation, inhibited colony formation, and produced cell cycle arrest in CRC cells. Furthermore, 15k significantly induced the formation of reactive oxygen species and apoptosis. It induced the cleavage of the intrinsic apoptotic protein (Bax p21) to its more efficacious fragment, p18. Compound 15k also inhibited tubulin expression and disrupted its structure. Compound 15k significantly decreased metastatic LOVO cell migration and invasion. Furthermore, 15k reversed mesenchymal morphology in HCT116 and LOVO cells. Additionally, 15k significantly inhibited the expression of the mesenchymal marker N-cadherin and upregulated the expression of the epithelial marker, E-cadherin. Compound 15k inhibited the expression of key proteins known to induce EMT (i.e., DVL3, β-catenin, c-Myc) and upregulated the anti-metastatic protein, cyclin B1. Overall, in vitro, 15k significantly inhibited CRC progression and metastasis by inhibiting apoptosis, tubulin activity and the EMT pathways. Overall, these data suggest that compound 15k should be tested in vivo in a CRC animal model for further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haneen Amawi
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Noor A Hussein
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Charles R Ashby
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, St. John's University, Queens, NY, United States
| | - Rawan Alnafisah
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Leticia M Sanglard
- Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL, United States
| | | | | | - Piyush Trivedi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rajiv Gandhi Proudyogiki Vishwavidyalaya, Bhopal, India
| | - Kathryn M Eisenmann
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Robert W Robey
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Amit K Tiwari
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
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29
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Identification of a new class of WNT1 inhibitor: Cancer cells migration, G-quadruplex stabilization and target validation. Oncotarget 2018; 7:67986-68001. [PMID: 27626678 PMCID: PMC5356533 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Developing the Wnt pathway inhibitors has been considered as a therapeutic approach for cancers and other Wnt-related diseases. Previously we found that the G-rich sequence of WNT1 promoter is capable of forming G-quadruplex structure and stabilizing agents for Wnt1-mediated signaling pathway. Using a established cell-based drug screen system that enabled the evaluation of WNT1 expression activity in a G-quadruplex structure dependent manner, we evaluated a series of 6-substituted 9-chloro-11H-indeno[1,2-c]quinolin-11-one derivatives that potentially inhibit the Wnt1-mediated signaling pathway. The most potent compound SJ26 showed repression of WNT1 activity in a G-quadruplex structure-dependent manner. Moreover, compound SJ26 inhibited the WNT1-mediated downstream signaling pathway and suppressed migration activity of cancer cells. Thus, we have identified a tetracyclic azafluorenone, SJ26, that is capable of binding to G-quadruplex DNA structure, repressing WNT1 expression, and inhibiting cell migration.
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30
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Current updates on microRNAs as regulators of chemoresistance. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 95:1000-1012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.08.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
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31
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Meisenberg C, Ashour ME, El-Shafie L, Liao C, Hodgson A, Pilborough A, Khurram SA, Downs JA, Ward SE, El-Khamisy SF. Epigenetic changes in histone acetylation underpin resistance to the topoisomerase I inhibitor irinotecan. Nucleic Acids Res 2017; 45:1159-1176. [PMID: 28180300 PMCID: PMC5388393 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw1026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2016] [Revised: 10/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The topoisomerase I (TOP1) inhibitor irinotecan triggers cell death by trapping TOP1 on DNA, generating cytotoxic protein-linked DNA breaks (PDBs). Despite its wide application in a variety of solid tumors, the mechanisms of cancer cell resistance to irinotecan remains poorly understood. Here, we generated colorectal cancer (CRC) cell models for irinotecan resistance and report that resistance is neither due to downregulation of the main cellular target of irinotecan TOP1 nor upregulation of the key TOP1 PDB repair factor TDP1. Instead, the faster repair of PDBs underlies resistance, which is associated with perturbed histone H4K16 acetylation. Subsequent treatment of irinotecan-resistant, but not parental, CRC cells with histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors can effectively overcome resistance. Immunohistochemical analyses of CRC tissues further corroborate the importance of histone H4K16 acetylation in CRC. Finally, the resistant clones exhibit cross-resistance with oxaliplatin but not with ionising radiation or 5-fluoruracil, suggesting that the latter two could be employed following loss of irinotecan response. These findings identify perturbed chromatin acetylation in irinotecan resistance and establish HDAC inhibitors as potential therapeutic means to overcome resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Meisenberg
- Mammalian Genome Stability Group, Krebs and Sheffield Institute for Nucleic Acids, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, UK.,The Wellcome Trust DNA Repair Group, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - Mohamed E Ashour
- Center for Genomics, Helmy Institute for Medical Sciences, Zewail City for Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt.,Mammalian Genome Stability Group, Krebs and Sheffield Institute for Nucleic Acids, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, UK
| | - Lamia El-Shafie
- Center for Genomics, Helmy Institute for Medical Sciences, Zewail City for Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Chunyan Liao
- Mammalian Genome Stability Group, Krebs and Sheffield Institute for Nucleic Acids, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, UK
| | - Adam Hodgson
- Mammalian Genome Stability Group, Krebs and Sheffield Institute for Nucleic Acids, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, UK
| | - Alice Pilborough
- Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, UK
| | - Syed A Khurram
- Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, UK
| | - Jessica A Downs
- Genome Damage and Stability Centre, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - Simon E Ward
- Sussex Drug Discovery Centre, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QJ, UK
| | - Sherif F El-Khamisy
- Center for Genomics, Helmy Institute for Medical Sciences, Zewail City for Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt.,Mammalian Genome Stability Group, Krebs and Sheffield Institute for Nucleic Acids, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, UK.,The Wellcome Trust DNA Repair Group, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
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Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 4-amidobenzimidazole acridine derivatives as dual PARP and Topo inhibitors for cancer therapy. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 138:1135-1146. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.07.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Chiang SC, Meagher M, Kassouf N, Hafezparast M, McKinnon PJ, Haywood R, El-Khamisy SF. Mitochondrial protein-linked DNA breaks perturb mitochondrial gene transcription and trigger free radical-induced DNA damage. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2017; 3:e1602506. [PMID: 28508041 PMCID: PMC5409496 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1602506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Breakage of one strand of DNA is the most common form of DNA damage. Most damaged DNA termini require end-processing in preparation for ligation. The importance of this step is highlighted by the association of defects in the 3'-end processing enzyme tyrosyl DNA phosphodiesterase 1 (TDP1) and neurodegeneration and by the cytotoxic induction of protein-linked DNA breaks (PDBs) and oxidized nucleic acid intermediates during chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Although much is known about the repair of PDBs in the nucleus, little is known about this process in the mitochondria. We reveal that TDP1 resolves mitochondrial PDBs (mtPDBs), thereby promoting mitochondrial gene transcription. Overexpression of a toxic form of mitochondrial topoisomerase I (TOP1mt*), which generates excessive mtPDBs, results in a TDP1-dependent compensatory up-regulation of mitochondrial gene transcription. In the absence of TDP1, the imbalance in transcription of mitochondrial- and nuclear-encoded electron transport chain (ETC) subunits results in misassembly of ETC complex III. Bioenergetics profiling further reveals that TDP1 promotes oxidative phosphorylation under both basal and high energy demands. It is known that mitochondrial dysfunction results in free radical leakage and nuclear DNA damage; however, the detection of intermediates of radical damage to DNA is yet to be shown. Consequently, we report an increased accumulation of carbon-centered radicals in cells lacking TDP1, using electron spin resonance spectroscopy. Overexpression of the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) reduces carbon-centered adducts and protects TDP1-deficient cells from oxidative stress. Conversely, overexpression of the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-associated mutant SOD1G93A leads to marked sensitivity. Whereas Tdp1 knockout mice develop normally, overexpression of SOD1G93A suggests early embryonic lethality. Together, our data show that TDP1 resolves mtPDBs, thereby regulating mitochondrial gene transcription and oxygen consumption by oxidative phosphorylation, thus conferring cellular protection against reactive oxygen species-induced damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Chieh Chiang
- Krebs Institute and Sheffield Institute for Nucleic Acids, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Firth Court, University of Sheffield, S10 2TN Sheffield, U.K
| | - Martin Meagher
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Medical School, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Nick Kassouf
- RAFT Institute, Mount Vernon Hospital, Northwood, Middlesex HA6 2RN, U.K
| | - Majid Hafezparast
- School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QG, U.K
| | - Peter J. McKinnon
- Department of Genetics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105–3678, USA
| | - Rachel Haywood
- RAFT Institute, Mount Vernon Hospital, Northwood, Middlesex HA6 2RN, U.K
| | - Sherif F. El-Khamisy
- Krebs Institute and Sheffield Institute for Nucleic Acids, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Firth Court, University of Sheffield, S10 2TN Sheffield, U.K
- Center for Genomics, Helmy Institute for Medical Sciences, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza 12588, Egypt
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Atteya R, Ashour ME, Ibrahim EE, Farag MA, El-Khamisy SF. Chemical screening identifies the β-Carboline alkaloid harmine to be synergistically lethal with doxorubicin. Mech Ageing Dev 2017; 161:141-148. [PMID: 27282658 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2016.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Revised: 04/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Despite being an invaluable chemotherapeutic agent for several types of cancer, the clinical utility of doxorubicin is hampered by its age-related and dose-dependent cardiotoxicity. Co-administration of dexrazoxane as a cardioprotective agent has been proposed, however recent studies suggest that it attenuates doxorubicin-induced antitumor activity. Since compounds of natural origin present a rich territory for drug discovery, we set out to identify putative natural compounds with the view to mitigate or minimize doxorubicin cardiotoxicity. We identify the DYRK1A kinase inhibitor harmine, which phosphorylates Tau that is deregulated in Alzheimer's disease, as a potentiator of cell death induced by non-toxic doses of doxorubicin. These observations suggest that harmine or other compounds that target the DYRK1A kinase my offer a new therapeutic opportunity to suppress doxorubicin age-related and dose-dependent cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reham Atteya
- Center of Genomics, Helmy Institute for Medical Sciences, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed E Ashour
- Center of Genomics, Helmy Institute for Medical Sciences, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Elsayed E Ibrahim
- Center of Genomics, Helmy Institute for Medical Sciences, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Farag
- Deparrtment of Pharamcognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Sherif F El-Khamisy
- Center of Genomics, Helmy Institute for Medical Sciences, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt; Krebs Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK.
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Bansal S, Bajaj P, Pandey S, Tandon V. Topoisomerases: Resistance versus Sensitivity, How Far We Can Go? Med Res Rev 2016; 37:404-438. [PMID: 27687257 DOI: 10.1002/med.21417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
DNA topoisomerases are ubiquitously present remarkable molecular machines that help in altering topology of DNA in living cells. The crucial role played by these nucleases during DNA replication, transcription, and recombination vis-à-vis less sequence similarity among different species makes topoisomerases unique and attractive targets for different anticancer and antibacterial drugs. However, druggability of topoisomerases by the existing class of molecules is increasingly becoming questationable due to resistance development predominated by mutations in the corresponding genes. The current scenario facing a decline in the development of new molecules further comprises an important factor that may challenge topoisomerase-targeting therapy. Thus, it is imperative to wisely use the existing inhibitors lest with this rapid rate of losing grip over the target we may not go too far. Furthermore, it is important not only to design new molecules but also to develop new approaches that may avoid obstacles in therapies due to multiple resistance mechanisms. This review provides a succinct account of different classes of topoisomerase inhibitors, focuses on resistance acquired by mutations in topoisomerases, and discusses the various approaches to increase the efficacy of topoisomerase inhibitors. In a later section, we also suggest the possibility of using bisbenzimidazoles along with efflux pump inhibitors for synergistic bactericidal effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandhya Bansal
- Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Priyanka Bajaj
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Stuti Pandey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Vibha Tandon
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India.,Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
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Laev SS, Salakhutdinov NF, Lavrik OI. Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase inhibitors: Progress and potential. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 24:5017-5027. [PMID: 27687971 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.09.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/18/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
DNA topoisomerases are essential during transcription and replication. The therapeutic mechanism of action of topoisomerase inhibitors is enzyme poisoning rather than catalytic inhibition. Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterases 1 or 2 were found as DNA repair enzymes hydrolyzing the covalent bond between the tyrosyl residue of topoisomerases I or II and the 3'- or 5'-phosphate groups in DNA, respectively. Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 is a key enzyme in DNA repair machinery and a promising target for antitumor and neurodegenerative therapy. Inhibitors of tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 could act synergistically with topoisomerase I inhibitors and thereby potentiate the effects of topoisomerase I poisons. Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 2 is an enzyme that specifically repairs DNA damages induced by topoisomerase II poisons and causes resistance to these drugs. Selective inhibition of tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 2 may be a novel approach to overcome intrinsic or acquired resistance to topoisomerase II-targeted drug therapy. Thus, agents that inhibit tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterases 1 and 2 have many applications in biochemical and physiological research and they have the potential to become anticancer and antiviral drugs. The structures, mechanism of action and therapeutic rationale of tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase inhibitors and their development for combinations with topoisomerase inhibitors and DNA damaging agents are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey S Laev
- Vorozhtsov Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. akademika Lavrent'eva 9, Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation.
| | - Nariman F Salakhutdinov
- Vorozhtsov Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. akademika Lavrent'eva 9, Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation; Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Str. 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation
| | - Olga I Lavrik
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Str. 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation; Novosibirsk Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. akademika Lavrent'eva 8, Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation
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37
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Preet R, Siddharth S, Satapathy SR, Das S, Nayak A, Das D, Wyatt MD, Kundu CN. Chk1 inhibitor synergizes quinacrine mediated apoptosis in breast cancer cells by compromising the base excision repair cascade. Biochem Pharmacol 2016; 105:23-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2016.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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38
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Aprile G, Giuliani F, Lutrino SE, Fontanella C, Bonotto M, Rihawi K, Fasola G. Maintenance Therapy in Colorectal Cancer: Moving the Artillery Down While Keeping an Eye on the Enemy. Clin Colorectal Cancer 2016; 15:7-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clcc.2015.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2015] [Revised: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Nicolay NH, Rühle A, Perez RL, Trinh T, Sisombath S, Weber KJ, Schmezer P, Ho AD, Debus J, Saffrich R, Huber PE. Mesenchymal stem cells exhibit resistance to topoisomerase inhibition. Cancer Lett 2016; 374:75-84. [PMID: 26876302 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inhibition of cellular topoisomerases has been established as an effective way of treating certain cancers, albeit with often high levels of toxicity to the bone marrow. While the involvement of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in bone marrow homeostasis and regeneration has been well established, the effects of topoisomerase-inhibiting anticancer agents remain largely unknown. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human bone marrow MSCs were treated with topoisomerase I inhibitor irinotecan or topoisomerase II inhibitor etoposide, and survival and apoptosis levels were measured. The influence of topoisomerase inhibition on cellular morphology, adhesion and migration potential and the ability to differentiate was assessed. Additionally, the role of individual DNA double-strand break repair pathways in MSCs was investigated as a potential cellular mechanism of resistance to topoisomerase inhibitors. RESULTS Human bone marrow MSCs were found relatively resistant to topoisomerase I and II inhibitors and show survival levels comparable to these of differentiated fibroblasts. Treatment with irinotecan or etoposide did not significantly influence cellular adhesion, migratory ability, surface marker expression or induction of apoptosis in human MSCs. The ability to differentiate was found preserved in MSCs after exposure to high doses of irinotecan or etoposide. MSCs were able to efficiently repair DNA double-strand breaks induced by topoisomerase inhibitors both by non-homologous end joining and homologous recombination pathways. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrate a topoisomerase-resistant phenotype of human MSCs that may at least in part be due to the stem cells' ability to efficiently remove DNA damage caused by these anticancer agents. The observed resistance of MSCs warrants further investigation of these cells as a potential therapeutic option for treating topoisomerase inhibitor-induced bone marrow damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils H Nicolay
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Alexander Rühle
- Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ramon Lopez Perez
- Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thuy Trinh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sonevisay Sisombath
- Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Klaus-Josef Weber
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter Schmezer
- Department of Epigenomics and Cancer Risk Factors, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anthony D Ho
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Debus
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rainer Saffrich
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter E Huber
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute for Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Molecular and Radiation Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (dkfz), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Trumpi K, Emmink BL, Prins AM, van Oijen MGH, van Diest PJ, Punt CJA, Koopman M, Kranenburg O, Rinkes IHMB. ABC-Transporter Expression Does Not Correlate with Response to Irinotecan in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. J Cancer 2015; 6:1079-86. [PMID: 26516354 PMCID: PMC4615342 DOI: 10.7150/jca.12606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Active efflux of irinotecan by ATP-binding cassette (ABC)-transporters, in particular ABCB1 and ABCG2, is a well-established drug resistance mechanism in vitro and in pre-clinical mouse models, but its relevance in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients is unknown. Therefore, we assessed the association between ABC-transporter expression and tumour response to irinotecan in patients with metastatic CRC. METHODS Tissue microarrays of a large cohort of metastatic CRC patients treated with irinotecan in a prospective study (CAIRO study; n=566) were analysed for expression of ABCB1 and ABCG2 by immunohistochemistry. Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazard regression analyses were performed to assess the association of ABC transporter expression with irinotecan response. Gene expression profiles of 17 paired tumours were used to assess the concordance of ABCB1/ABCG2 expression in primary CRC and corresponding metastases. RESULTS The response to irinotecan was not significantly different between primary tumours with positive versus negative expression of ABCB1 (5.8 vs 5.7 months, p=0.696) or ABCG2 (5.7 vs 6.1 months, p=0.811). Multivariate analysis showed neither ABCB1 nor ABCG2 were independent predictors for progression free survival. There was a mediocre to poor concordance between ABC-transporter expression in paired tumours. CONCLUSION In metastatic CRC, ABC-transporter expression in the primary tumour does not predict irinotecan response.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Trumpi
- 1. Department of Surgery, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - B L Emmink
- 1. Department of Surgery, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - A M Prins
- 1. Department of Surgery, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - M G H van Oijen
- 2. Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584CX Utrecht, The Netherlands ; 4. Department of Medical Oncology, Academic Medical Centre, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - P J van Diest
- 3. Department of Pathology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - C J A Punt
- 4. Department of Medical Oncology, Academic Medical Centre, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M Koopman
- 2. Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - O Kranenburg
- 1. Department of Surgery, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - I H M Borel Rinkes
- 1. Department of Surgery, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Nie F, Cao J, Tong J, Zhu M, Gao Y, Ran Z. Role of Raf-kinase inhibitor protein in colorectal cancer and its regulation by hydroxycamptothecine. J Biomed Sci 2015; 22:56. [PMID: 26177829 PMCID: PMC4502602 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-015-0162-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recently accumulated evidence suggests that Raf kinase inhibitor protein (RKIP) participates in regulation of many signaling pathways and plays an important role in tumorigenesis and tumor metastasis. However, studies investigating the role of RKIP in colorectal cancer have not been reported. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of RKIP on colorectal cancer cell differentiation, progression and its correlation with chemosensitivity. Results Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that RKIP expression was higher in non-neoplastic colorectal tissue (NCRCT) and colorectal cancer tissue (CRCT) than that in metastatic lymph node tissue (MLNT) (P <0.05). P-ERK protein expression was higher in MLNT and CRCT than that in NCRCT (P = 0.02). Immunocytochemical analysis further revealed that RKIP expression was higher in the well differentiated cell line SW1116 as compared to that in the poorly differentiated cell line LoVo. Matrigel invasive assay demonstrated that the inhibition of RKIP by short hairpin RNA (shRNA) 271 transfection significantly increased the number of migrated cells (90.67 ± 4.04 vs. 37.33 ± 2.51, P <0.05), whereas over-expression of RKIP by PEBP-1 plasmid transfection significantly suppressed the number of migrated cells (79.24 ± 5.18 vs. 154.33 ± 7.25, P <0.05). Meanwhile, down-regulation of RKIP induced an increase in the cell survival rate by inhibiting apoptosis induced by hydroxycamptothecine. Conclusions RKIP was also found to be associated with cell differentiation, with a higher activity in well differentiated colorectal cancer cells than in poorly differentiated ones. The upregulated expression of RKIP in colorectal cancer cells inhibited cell invasion and metastasis, while downregulation of RKIP reduced chemosensitivity by inhibiting apoptosis induced by HCPT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Nie
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jianguo Cao
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jinlu Tong
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai, 200001, China.
| | - Mingming Zhu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai, 200001, China.
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhihua Ran
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai, 200001, China.
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42
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Seo YH. Dual Inhibitors Against Topoisomerases and Histone Deacetylases. J Cancer Prev 2015; 20:85-91. [PMID: 26151040 PMCID: PMC4492363 DOI: 10.15430/jcp.2015.20.2.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Revised: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Topoisomerases and histone deacetylases (HDACs) are considered as important therapeutic targets for a wide range of cancers, due to their association with the initiation, proliferation and survival of cancer cells. Topoisomerases are involved in the cleavage and religation processes of DNA, while HDACs regulate a dynamic epigenetic modification of the lysine amino acid on various proteins. Extensive studies have been undertaken to discover small molecule inhibitor of each protein and thereby, several drugs have been transpired from this effort and successfully approved for clinical use. However, the inherent heterogeneity and multiple genetic abnormalities of cancers challenge the clinical application of these single targeted drugs. In order to overcome the limitations of a single target approach, a novel approach, simultaneously targeting topoisomerases and HDACs with a single molecule has been recently employed and attracted much attention of medicinal chemists in drug discovery. This review highlights the current studies on the discovery of dual inhibitors against topoisomerases and HDACs, provides their pharmacological aspects and advantages, and discusses the challenges and promise of the dual inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Ho Seo
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu, Korea
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43
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Klopfleisch R, Kohn B, Gruber AD. Mechanisms of tumour resistance against chemotherapeutic agents in veterinary oncology. Vet J 2015; 207:63-72. [PMID: 26526523 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2015.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2015] [Revised: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Several classes of chemotherapy drugs are used as first line or adjuvant treatment of the majority of tumour types in veterinary oncology. However, some types of tumour are intrinsically resistant to several anti-cancer drugs, and others, while initially sensitive, acquire resistance during treatment. Chemotherapy often significantly prolongs survival or disease free interval, but is not curative. The exact mechanisms behind intrinsic and acquired chemotherapy resistance are unknown for most animal tumours, but there is increasing knowledge on the mechanisms of drug resistance in humans and a few reports on molecular changes in resistant canine tumours have emerged. In addition, approaches to overcome or prevent chemotherapy resistance are becoming available in humans and, given the overlaps in molecular alterations between human and animal tumours, these may also be relevant in veterinary oncology. This review provides an overview of the current state of research on general chemotherapy resistance mechanisms, including drug efflux, DNA repair, apoptosis evasion and tumour stem cells. The known resistance mechanisms in animal tumours and the potential of these findings for improving treatment efficacy in veterinary oncology are also explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Klopfleisch
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Freie Universität Berlin, Robert-von-Ostertag-Straße 15, 14163 Berlin, Germany.
| | - B Kohn
- Small Animal Clinic, Freie Universität Berlin, Oertzenweg 19 b, 14163 Berlin, Germany
| | - A D Gruber
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology, Freie Universität Berlin, Robert-von-Ostertag-Straße 15, 14163 Berlin, Germany
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Gong C, Liu B, Yao Y, Qu S, Luo W, Tan W, Liu Q, Yao H, Zou L, Su F, Song E. Potentiated DNA Damage Response in Circulating Breast Tumor Cells Confers Resistance to Chemotherapy. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:14811-25. [PMID: 25897074 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.652628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are seeds for cancer metastasis and are predictive of poor prognosis in breast cancer patients. Whether CTCs and primary tumor cells (PTCs) respond to chemotherapy differently is not known. Here, we show that CTCs of breast cancer are more resistant to chemotherapy than PTCs because of potentiated DNA repair. Surprisingly, the chemoresistance of CTCs was recapitulated in PTCs when they were detached from the extracellular matrix. Detachment of PTCs increased the levels of reactive oxygen species and partially activated the DNA damage checkpoint, converting PTCs to a CTC-like state. Inhibition of checkpoint kinases Chk1 and Chk2 in CTCs reduces the basal checkpoint response and sensitizes CTCs to DNA damage in vitro and in mouse xenografts. Our results suggest that DNA damage checkpoint inhibitors may benefit the chemotherapy of breast cancer patients by suppressing the chemoresistance of CTCs and reducing the risk of cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Gong
- From the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Breast Tumor Center, and
| | - Bodu Liu
- From the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Breast Tumor Center, and
| | - Yandan Yao
- From the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Breast Tumor Center, and
| | - Shaohua Qu
- From the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Breast Tumor Center, and
| | - Wei Luo
- From the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Breast Tumor Center, and
| | - Weige Tan
- From the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Breast Tumor Center, and
| | - Qiang Liu
- From the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Breast Tumor Center, and
| | - Herui Yao
- Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China and
| | - Lee Zou
- the Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129
| | | | - Erwei Song
- From the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Breast Tumor Center, and
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45
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Zhao W, Chen R, Zhao M, Li L, Fan L, Che XM. High glucose promotes gastric cancer chemoresistance in vivo and in vitro. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:843-50. [PMID: 25815791 PMCID: PMC4438965 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to determine whether gastric cancer chemoresistance was increased under high glucose conditions by means of a clinical case study and experimental cytology. The expression of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (Nampt), silent information regulator 1 (sirt1), p53, p-glycoprotein (P-gp) and topoisomerase (topo)-IIα was evaluated in gastric cancer tissues and gastric cancer with diabetes tissues by immunohistochemistry. Subsequently, the survival time of the patients was assessed. For further investigation, the human gastric cancer cell line SGC7901 was subjected to different glucose concentrations and the aforementioned proteins were detected using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. Finally, cell sensitivity to chemotherapy treatment was examined in order to elucidate the role of high glucose in MDR. Positive expression of Nampt, Sirt1, p53, P-gp and Topo-IIα was observed to be higher in gastric cancer with diabetes patients compared with gastric cancer patients (P=0.01, 0.003, 0.0025, 0.016 and 0.336, respectively) with reduced survival time. Similar results were observed in SGC7901 cells. Additionally, cell proliferation rates of SGC7901 cells increased at glucose concentrations of 4,500 and 9,000 mg/l. Notably, the inhibition rates of 5-fluorouracil on cells decreased over 48 h when treated with 4,500 and 9,000 mg/l glucose compared with 1,000 mg/l. In conclusion, patients suffering from gastric cancer and diabetes exhibited greater negative effects, such as a poorer response to chemotherapy and had a lower survival time. High glucose conditions promoted gastric cancer cell proliferation and reduced susceptibility to chemotherapy drugs. These data provided a potential diagnostic and therapeutic strategy for gastric cancer chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Neonatal Surgery, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Mei Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Liang Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Lin Fan
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
| | - Xiang-Ming Che
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
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46
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Ashour ME, Atteya R, El-Khamisy SF. Topoisomerase-mediated chromosomal break repair: an emerging player in many games. Nat Rev Cancer 2015; 15:137-51. [PMID: 25693836 DOI: 10.1038/nrc3892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The mammalian genome is constantly challenged by exogenous and endogenous threats. Although much is known about the mechanisms that maintain DNA and RNA integrity, we know surprisingly little about the mechanisms that underpin the pathology and tissue specificity of many disorders caused by defective responses to DNA or RNA damage. Of the different types of endogenous damage, protein-linked DNA breaks (PDBs) are emerging as an important player in cancer development and therapy. PDBs can arise during the abortive activity of DNA topoisomerases, a class of enzymes that modulate DNA topology during several chromosomal transactions, such as gene transcription and DNA replication, recombination and repair. In this Review, we discuss the mechanisms underpinning topoisomerase-induced PDB formation and repair with a focus on their role during gene transcription and the development of tissue-specific cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed E Ashour
- 1] Krebs Institute, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK. [2] Center for Genomics, Helmy Institute, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza 12588, Egypt
| | - Reham Atteya
- Center for Genomics, Helmy Institute, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza 12588, Egypt
| | - Sherif F El-Khamisy
- 1] Krebs Institute, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK. [2] Center for Genomics, Helmy Institute, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza 12588, Egypt
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47
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Meisenberg C, Gilbert DC, Chalmers A, Haley V, Gollins S, Ward SE, El-Khamisy SF. Clinical and cellular roles for TDP1 and TOP1 in modulating colorectal cancer response to irinotecan. Mol Cancer Ther 2015; 14:575-85. [PMID: 25522766 PMCID: PMC4340569 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-14-0762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in the world. Despite surgery, up to 50% of patients relapse with incurable disease. First-line chemotherapy uses the topoisomerase 1 (TOP1) poison irinotecan, which triggers cell death by trapping TOP1 on DNA. The removal of TOP1 peptide from TOP1-DNA breaks is conducted by tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1 (TDP1). Despite putative roles for TDP1 and TOP1 in colorectal cancer, their role in cellular and clinical responses to TOP1-targeting therapies remains unclear. Here, we show varying expression levels of TOP1 and TDP1 polypeptides in multiple colorectal cancer cell lines and in clinical colorectal cancer samples. TDP1 overexpression or TOP1 depletion is protective. Conversely, TDP1 depletion increases DNA-strand breakage and hypersensitivity to irinotecan in a TOP1-dependent manner, presenting a potential therapeutic opportunity in colorectal cancer. TDP1 protein levels correlate well with mRNA and with TDP1 catalytic activity. However, no correlation is observed between inherent TDP1 or TOP1 levels alone and irinotecan sensitivity, pointing at their limited utility as predictive biomarkers in colorectal cancer. These findings establish TDP1 as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of colorectal cancer and question the validity of TOP1 or TDP1 on their own as predictive biomarkers for irinotecan response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Meisenberg
- The Wellcome Trust DNA Repair Group, Genome Damage and Stability Centre, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Duncan C Gilbert
- Sussex Cancer Centre, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony Chalmers
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Vikki Haley
- Faculty of Science, Department of Life, Health and Chemical Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Gollins
- North Wales Cancer Treatment Centre, Betsi Cadwaladr University of Health Board, Ysbty Glan Clwyd, Bodelwyddan, Rhyl, United Kingdom
| | - Simon E Ward
- Translational Drug Discovery Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Sherif F El-Khamisy
- The Wellcome Trust DNA Repair Group, Genome Damage and Stability Centre, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom. Mammalian Genome Stability Group, Krebs Institute, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom. Center of Genomics, Helmy Institute, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt.
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48
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Wu Y, Wang KY, Li Z, Liu YP, Izumi H, Uramoto H, Nakayama Y, Ito KI, Kohno K. Y-box binding protein 1 enhances DNA topoisomerase 1 activity and sensitivity to camptothecin via direct interaction. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2014; 33:112. [PMID: 25539742 PMCID: PMC4308875 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-014-0112-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Y-box binding protein 1 (YB-1) possesses pleiotropic functions through its interactions with various cellular proteins, and its high expression levels make it a potential useful prognostic biomarker for cancer cells. Eukaryotic DNA topoisomerases, such as DNA topoisomerase 1 (TOPO1) and DNA topoisomerase 2 (TOPO2), are the essential DNA metabolism regulators that usually overexpressed in cancer cells, and multiple proteins have been reported to regulate the enzyme activity and the clinical efficacy of their inhibitors. The present study unraveled the interaction of YB-1 with TOPO1, and further investigated the related function and potential mechanisms during the interaction. Methods The direct association of TOPO1 with specific domain of YB-1 was explored by co-immunoprecipitation and GST pull-down assays. The interaction function was further clarified by DNA relaxation assays, co-immunoprecipitation and WST-8 assays with in vitro gain- and loss- of function models. Results We found that YB-1 interacts directly with TOPO1 (but not with TOPO2) and promotes TOPO1 catalytic activity. Interactions between YB-1 and TOPO1 increased when cancer cells were treated with the TOPO1 inhibitor, camptothecin (CPT), but not with the TOPO2 inhibitor, adriamycin (ADM). Furthermore, we found that the interaction is prevented by pretreatment with the antioxidant agent, N-acetyl cysteine, and that YB-1 downregulation renders cells resistant to CPT. Conclusions Our findings suggest that nuclear YB-1 serves as an intracellular promoter of TOPO1 catalytic activity that enhances CPT sensitivity through its direct interaction with TOPO1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, the First Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China. .,The President Laboratory, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Ke-yong Wang
- Shared-Use Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, the First Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Yun-peng Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, the First Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Hiroto Izumi
- Department of Occupational Pneumology, Institute of Industrial Ecological Science, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Hidetaka Uramoto
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Yoshifumi Nakayama
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Ken-ichi Ito
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan.
| | - Kimitoshi Kohno
- The President Laboratory, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan.
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Kalra AV, Kim J, Klinz SG, Paz N, Cain J, Drummond DC, Nielsen UB, Fitzgerald JB. Preclinical activity of nanoliposomal irinotecan is governed by tumor deposition and intratumor prodrug conversion. Cancer Res 2014; 74:7003-13. [PMID: 25273092 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-14-0572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A major challenge in the clinical use of cytotoxic chemotherapeutics is maximizing efficacy in tumors while sparing normal tissue. Irinotecan is used for colorectal cancer treatment but the extent of its use is limited by toxic side effects. Liposomal delivery systems offer tools to modify pharmacokinetic and safety profiles of cytotoxic drugs. In this study, we defined parameters that maximize the antitumor activity of a nanoliposomal formulation of irinotecan (nal-IRI). In a mouse xenograft model of human colon carcinoma, nal-IRI dosing could achieve higher intratumoral levels of the prodrug irinotecan and its active metabolite SN-38 compared with free irinotecan. For example, nal-IRI administered at doses 5-fold lower than free irinotecan achieved similar intratumoral exposure of SN-38 but with superior antitumor activity. Tumor response and pharmacokinetic modeling identified the duration for which concentrations of SN-38 persisted above a critical intratumoral threshold of 120 nmol/L as determinant for antitumor activity. We identified tumor permeability and carboxylesterase activity needed for prodrug activation as critical factors in achieving longer duration of SN-38 in tumors. Simulations varying tumor permeability and carboxylesterase activity predicted a concave increase in tumor SN-38 duration, which was confirmed experimentally in 13 tumor xenograft models. Tumors in which higher SN-38 duration was achieved displayed more robust growth inhibition compared with tumors with lower SN-38 duration, confirming the importance of this factor in drug response. Overall, our work shows how liposomal encapsulation of irinotecan can safely improve its antitumor activity in preclinical models by enhancing accumulation of its active metabolite within the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish V Kalra
- Merrimack Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Jaeyeon Kim
- Merrimack Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | | | - Nancy Paz
- Merrimack Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Jason Cain
- Merrimack Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts
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50
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Shiloh Y. ATM: expanding roles as a chief guardian of genome stability. Exp Cell Res 2014; 329:154-61. [PMID: 25218947 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2014.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2014] [Revised: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 09/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yosef Shiloh
- The David and Inez Myers Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel.
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