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Saleh AA, Galosi L, Metwally M, Ragab M, Hamza M, Shukry M, Khairy M, Alzawqari MH, Azzam MM, Alagawany M. Influence of Dietary Probiotic and Alpha-Monolaurin on Performance, Egg Quality, Blood Constituents, and Egg Fatty Acids' Profile in Laying Hens. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024:10.1007/s12602-024-10260-0. [PMID: 38684634 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-024-10260-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
This work was designed to evaluate the advantages of using multi-strain probiotics feed (Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and Clostridium butyricum) (PRO) and alpha-monolaurin (AML) on laying performance, criteria of egg quality, blood parameters, and yolk fatty acids' profile in laying hens. One hundred forty of Bovans brown laying hens at 45 weeks old (25th week of egg production) were randomly allocated into four groups, with seven replicates of five birds each in a complete randomized design. The first group was fed a basal diet without feed additives (0 g/kg diet), and the second, third, and fourth groups received diets containing 1 g PRO, 1 g AML, and 1 g PRO + 1 g AML/kg diet, respectively. No significant impacts of PRO, AML, or their mixture on body weight (BW), body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI), or egg weight. Egg production, egg mass, and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were enhanced by 1 g PRO/kg and /or 1 g AML/kg supplementation in laying hen diets. Furthermore, egg shape index, eggshell thickness, and yolk color were statistically higher by PRO and AML supplementation at 55 weeks. However, oviduct, infundibulum, and uterus weights were significantly decreased by 1 g PRO or/and 1 g AML. Additionally, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein (LDL), glucose, and glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT) levels were decreased by PRO and AML supplementation. In conclusion, it seems that dietary inclusion with 1 g PRO/kg, 1 g of AML/kg, and 1 g PRO + 1 g AML improved egg production, egg mass, FCR, and yolk fatty acids profile and lowered total cholesterol and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents in laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A Saleh
- Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El- Sheikh, 333516, Egypt.
| | - Livio Galosi
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Mahmoud Metwally
- Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El- Sheikh, 333516, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Ragab
- Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El- Sheikh, 333516, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Hamza
- Animals Production Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Cairo, 11470, Egypt
| | - Mostafa Shukry
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, 33516, Egypt
| | - Medhat Khairy
- Famex Company, 4-1B Polygon Business Park, Beverly Hills, Sheikh Zayed City, Giza Governorate, Egypt
| | - Mohammed H Alzawqari
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Ibb University, Ibb, 70270, Yemen
| | - Mahmoud M Azzam
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food & Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud Alagawany
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt.
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Muyyarikkandy MS, Mathew E, Kuttappan D, Amalaradjou MA. Research Note: In ovo and in-feed probiotic supplementation improves layer embryo and pullet growth. Poult Sci 2023; 102:103092. [PMID: 37769489 PMCID: PMC10542637 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Probiotics are widely used as feed supplements in the poultry industry to promote growth and performance in chickens. Specifically, this supplementation starts around the time of lay and continues through the production cycle in laying hens. However, the embryonic period is critical to the growth and development of metabolically active organs thereby influencing subsequent health and productivity in adult birds. Therefore, the present study investigated the potential use of probiotics to promote embryonic growth in layers. Further, a pilot grow-out study was conducted to evaluate the effect of in ovo and in-feed probiotic application on pullet growth. For the study, fertile White Leghorn eggs were sprayed with phosphate buffered saline (control, CON) or probiotic cocktail (in ovo only, IO; Lactobacillus paracasei DUP 13076 and L. rhamnosus NRRL B 442) prior to and during incubation. The embryos were sacrificed on d 7, 10, 14, and 18 of incubation for embryo morphometry. On d 18, remaining eggs were set in the hatcher to assess hatchability and hatchling morphometry. For the pullet trial, hatchlings were raised on feed with or without probiotics until wk 5. Pullets were sacrificed weekly, and morphometric parameters were recorded. Results of our study demonstrate that in ovo probiotic application significantly improved relative embryo weight, crown-rump length, hatchability, and hatchling weight when compared to the control (P < 0.05). Further, this enhanced embryonic development was associated with a concomitant increase in posthatch growth. Specifically, pullets raised from probiotic-sprayed eggs had significantly improved crown-rump length, tibial length, tibial bone weight, and body weight when compared to the control (P < 0.05). Moreover, among the different treatment schemes employed in this study [CON (no probiotics), in-feed only (IF), IO only, and in ovo and in-feed probiotic supplementation (IOIF)], sustained probiotic supplementation (IOIF) was found to be the most effective in promoting growth. Therefore, in ovo and in-feed probiotic supplementation could be employed to promote embryo and pullet growth to support subsequent performance in layers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elza Mathew
- Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Deepa Kuttappan
- Department of Animal Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
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Fu C, Shah AA, Khan RU, Khan MS, Wanapat M. Emerging trends and applications in health-boosting microorganisms-specific strains for enhancing animal health. Microb Pathog 2023; 183:106290. [PMID: 37567325 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Recent advancements in specific strain of probiotics have shown promising trends and applications in both ruminant and non-ruminant animal health. This study emphasizes the importance of tailored probiotics for these animal categories, discussing their potential benefits in improving nutrient utilization, growth performance, and disease management. The study also explores the different routes of probiotics administration, highlighting the various methods of delivery. Specifically, it highlights the benefits of probiotics in ruminant production performance, including enhanced rumen health, growth rates, milk production, and reduced digestive disorders. Additionally, it discusses the advantages of probiotics in non-ruminant farming, such as improved feed conversion efficiency, nutrient absorption, growth rates, immune responses, and reduced gastrointestinal issues, leading to increased productivity and profitability. In conclusion, recent advancements in specific strain of probiotics offer promising prospects for improving animal health. Tailored probiotics have shown potential in enhancing growth, nutrient utilization, and disease prevention, contributing to sustainable and effective animal husbandry practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Fu
- College of Life Science, Leshan Normal University, Leshan, 614000, China
| | - Assar Ali Shah
- Tropical Feed Resources Research and Development Center (TROFREC), Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.
| | - Rifat Ullah Khan
- College of Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, 2500, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shuaib Khan
- Department of Basic Veterinary Science, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan
| | - Metha Wanapat
- Tropical Feed Resources Research and Development Center (TROFREC), Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.
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Pan X, Cai Y, Kong L, Xiao C, Zhu Q, Song Z. Probiotic Effects of Bacillus licheniformis DSM5749 on Growth Performance and Intestinal Microecological Balance of Laying Hens. Front Nutr 2022; 9:868093. [PMID: 35571886 PMCID: PMC9093703 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.868093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Bacillus licheniformis DSM5749 on the production performance and intestinal health in laying hens. A total of 32-week-old laying hens (Hyline Brown) were randomly assigned to two dietary groups (10 replicates of 27 laying hens), namely, basal diet and basal diet complemented with 200 g/t B. licheniformis (3.2 × 109 CFU/kg). The trial lasted for 8 weeks, and samples were collected at the last week. Results revealed that B. licheniformis DSM5749 significantly improved laying performance, including an increase in egg production rate and average daily egg yield, and a decrease in the feed-to-egg ratio during the entire 8-week experimental period (P < 0.05). B. licheniformis DSM5749 increased the levels of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in the liver and decreased the IL-1 level in the serum (P < 0.05). In addition, the integrity of intestinal morphology (villus height, crypt depth, and villus height/crypt depth), tight junctions (ZO-1, Claudin-1, and Occludin), and lipase vitality in the intestine were potentiated by B. licheniformis DSM5749 in laying hens (P < 0.05). B. licheniformis DSM5749 decreased the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio (P < 0.05) in the cecum. Furthermore, B. licheniformis DSM5749 modulated the microbiota in the cecum of the laying hens, increased the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria (e.g., Prevotella) at the genus level and decreased the relative abundance of potential pathogens (e.g., Desulfovibrio). In conclusion, B. licheniformis DSM5749 can improve laying performance, promote intestinal health, affect the composition of cecal microorganisms, and regulate the intestinal micro-ecological balance, making B. licheniformis a good probiotic candidate for application in the laying hens industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Pan
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Yuanli Cai
- College of Life Science, Qilu Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Linglian Kong
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Chuanpi Xiao
- Precision Livestock and Nutrition Unit, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Qidong Zhu
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Zhigang Song
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
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Rafiq K, Tofazzal Hossain M, Ahmed R, Hasan MM, Islam R, Hossen MI, Shaha SN, Islam MR. Role of Different Growth Enhancers as Alternative to In-feed Antibiotics in Poultry Industry. Front Vet Sci 2022; 8:794588. [PMID: 35224074 PMCID: PMC8873819 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.794588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The poultry industry has grown so fast alongside the irrational use of antibiotics to maximize profit and make the production cost-effective during the last few decades. The rising and indiscriminate use of antibiotics might result in the deposition of residues in poultry food products and in the development of resistance to these drugs by microorganisms. Therefore, many diseases are becoming difficult to treat both in humans and animals. In addition, the use of low-dose antibiotics as growth enhancer results in antibiotic residues in food products, which have detrimental effects on human health. On the other hand, many studies have shown that antibiotics administered to poultry and livestock are poorly absorbed through the gut and usually excreted without metabolism. These excreted antibiotics eventually accumulate in the environment and enter the human food chain, resulting in the bioaccumulation of drug residues in the human body. In this regard, to find out alternatives is of paramount importance for the production of safe meat and egg. Therefore, in recent years, much research attention was disarticulated toward the exploration for alternatives to antibiotic as in-feed growth enhancers after its ban by the EU. As a result, probiotics, prebiotics, phytobiotics, spirulina, symbiotic, and their combination are being used more frequently in poultry production. Feed additives therefore gained popularity in poultry production by having many advantages but without any residues in poultry products. In addition, numerous studies demonstrating that such biological supplements compete with antimicrobial resistance have been conducted. Therefore, the purpose of this review article was to highlight the advantages of using biological products instead of antibiotics as poultry in-feed growth enhancers to enhance the production performance, reduce intestinal pathogenic bacteria, and maintain gut health, potentiating the immune response, safety, and wholesomeness of meat and eggs as evidence of consumer protection, as well as to improve the safety of poultry products for human consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazi Rafiq
- Department of Pharmacology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
- *Correspondence: Kazi Rafiq
| | | | - Rokeya Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Mehedi Hasan
- Department of Pharmacology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Rejaul Islam
- Department of Pharmacology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Ismail Hossen
- Livestock Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Nour MA, El-Hindawy MM, Abou-Kassem DE, Ashour EA, Abd El-Hack ME, Mahgoub S, Aboelenin SM, Soliman MM, El-Tarabily KA, Abdel-Moneim AME. Productive performance, fertility and hatchability, blood indices and gut microbial load in laying quails as affected by two types of probiotic bacteria. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:6544-6555. [PMID: 34764770 PMCID: PMC8568992 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated two kinds of probiotic bacteria (Bacillus toyonensis, B1 and Bifidobacterium bifidum, B2) on laying Japanese quail’s performance, egg quality, fertility and hatchability, blood biochemical characteristics and microbiological parameters. A total of 270 mature quails (180 females and 90 males) were distributed into ten groups in a completely randomized design at eight weeks of age. The experimental groups were as follows: T1: basal diet only (control); T2-T5, basal diet plus 0.05, 0.075, 0.10 and 0.125% B1, respectively; T6: basal diet plus 0.10% B2; T7-T10: basal diet plus 0.05, 0.075, 0.10 and 0.125% B1 plus 0.05% B2, respectively. Results revealed that egg number (EN) and egg weight (EW) were gradually increased (P < 0.01) as the levels of both probiotic types increased. The feed conversion ratio (FCR) was significantly (P < 0.05) better within the total experimental period (8–20 weeks) due to B1 alone or/with B2 supplementation. Values of yolk percentage (Y%) were statistically (P < 0.01) higher only at 8–20 weeks of age and T10 recorded the highest value. By increasing the level of probiotics, fertility and hatchability percentages (F% and H%) were gradually increased (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05). Creatinine (CR) level was statistically reduced in birds fed T4 diet. Also, urea-N and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels were reduced in treated birds. The opposite was found regarding alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Conclusively, using B1 and B2 enhanced the productive performance, some egg quality traits, fertility and hatchability, digestive enzyme activities, and reduced the harmful bacteria in the gut of laying Japanese quail. Our findings could recommend to apply T4 (basal diet + 0.10 % B1), T6 (basal diet + 0.10% B2) and T9 (basal diet + 0.10% B1 + 0.05% B2) levels for the best results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Nour
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M El-Hindawy
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Diaa E Abou-Kassem
- Animal and Poultry Production Department, Faculty of Technology and Development, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Elwy A Ashour
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Mohamed E Abd El-Hack
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Samir Mahgoub
- Agricultural Microbiology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44111, Egypt
| | - Salama M Aboelenin
- Biology Department, Turabah University College, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed M Soliman
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, Turabah University College, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled A El-Tarabily
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, 15551 Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates.,Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, 6150, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Abdel-Moneim E Abdel-Moneim
- Biological Application Department, Nuclear Research Center, Atomic Energy Authority, Abou-Zabael 13759, Egypt
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Hong Y, Zhou Z, Yu L, Jiang K, Xia J, Mi Y, Zhang C, Li J. Lactobacillus salivarius and Lactobacillus agilis feeding regulates intestinal stem cells activity by modulating crypt niche in hens. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:8823-8835. [PMID: 34708278 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11606-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we found that Lactobacillus salivarius, Lactobacillus agilis, and Lactobacillus aviarius were associated with excellent egg nutrition in native chicken. Next, the optimal Lactobacillus combination is worth studying. Here, a total of 120 HyLine hens (30 hens per group contained 3 replicate cells, 10 hens/cell) in the laying peak period were randomly divided into (1) control, (2) L. salivarius + L. agilis, (3) L. salivarius + L. aviarius, and (4) L. agilis + L. aviarius groups, fed with diet only or with corresponding Lactobacilli (108 colony-forming units/hen/day) for 30 days. As a result, L. salivarius + L. agilis feeding could (1) improve egg-laying rate, egg weight, and albumen's amino acid levels; (2) increase Lactobacillus abundance, decrease Escherichia coli abundance, upregulate the tryptophan metabolism pathway-related molecules, and downregulate the primary bile acid biosynthesis pathway-related molecules in intestinal contents; and (3) upregulate oxidative-phosphorylation pathway-related genes, reactive oxygen species levels, and mRNA abundance of Wnt3a, Dll1, Lgr5, CCDN1, and CDK2 in the crypt. Collectively, L. salivarius + L. agilis feeding in hens could improve intestinal microflora and metabolism profile, promote crypt's local energy metabolism and reactive oxygen species levels, and thus enhance Paneth cells and intestinal stem cells activity.Key points• Lactobacilli co-feeding could improve laying performance and egg nutrition.• Lactobacilli co-feeding could improve intestinal microflora and metabolism profile.• Lactobacilli co-feeding could enhance Paneth cells and intestinal stem cells activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Hong
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, No. 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhou Zhou
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, No. 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingzi Yu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, No. 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Keyang Jiang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, No. 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiamiao Xia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, No. 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuling Mi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, No. 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Caiqiao Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, No. 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, No. 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China.
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Zhou Y, Li S, Pang Q, Miao Z. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens BLCC1-0238 Can Effectively Improve Laying Performance and Egg Quality Via Enhancing Immunity and Regulating Reproductive Hormones of Laying Hens. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2021; 12:246-252. [PMID: 30834486 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-019-9524-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we sought to evaluate the effects of dietary Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (B. amyloliquefaciens) BLCC1-0238 supplementation on laying performance, egg quality, antioxidant enzyme activities, reproductive hormone, and immunity of laying hens. A total of 240 Hy-Line Brown laying hens (28 weeks old) were randomly divided into four groups, and three replicates per group (n = 20 per replicate). The control group was fed a standard basal diet, and the three treatment groups were provided the basal diet supplemented with either 0.01%, 0.03%, or 0.06% B. amyloliquefaciens BLCC1-0238 (2 × 1010 CFU/g), respectively. Hens were allowed 2 weeks to acclimate prior to initiation of the 8-week experiment. It was observed that dietary supplementation with 0.01% or 0.03% B. amyloliquefaciens BLCC1-0238 significantly increased egg production and egg mass. However, no significant differences in feed intake, egg weight, and feed conversion ratio among the four groups were observed. Different levels of B. amyloliquefaciens BLCC1-0238 supplementation also significantly increased egg shell strength and thickness. With respect to the levels of reproductive hormones in the hens, B. amyloliquefaciens BLCC1-0238 supplementation significantly reduced serum adrenal cortical hormone (ACTH) levels, while increasing estradiol (E2) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) secretion in the treatment groups compared to the control group. Relative to the control group, supplementation with 0.03% and 0.06% B. amyloliquefaciens BLCC1-0238 was observed to significantly increase serum glutathione S-transferase (GST) concentration, and supplementation significantly reduced serum IL-1 and IL-6 levels, whereas IL-4 levels increased for all concentrations tested. In conclusion, supplementation of a basal chicken diet with B. amyloliquefaciens BLCC1-0238 can improve laying performance and egg quality through the reduction of stress responses, up-regulation of growth hormones, and supporting immunity in laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufa Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shanxi Agricultural University, Mingxian South Road 1, Taigu, 030801, China
| | - Song Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Taishan Medical University, Tai'an, 271000, China
| | - Quanhai Pang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shanxi Agricultural University, Mingxian South Road 1, Taigu, 030801, China.
| | - Zengmin Miao
- School of Life Sciences, Taishan Medical University, Changcheng Road 619, Tai'an, 271018, China.
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Gangavadi HP, Bypanahalli SN, Mysore SC, Puttamallappa R, Bekkere GC, Satturu RM, Huchamanadoddi IC. Growth performance, carcass traits and gut health of broiler chickens fed diets incorporated with single cell protein. Anim Biosci 2021; 34:1951-1962. [PMID: 33902179 PMCID: PMC8563244 DOI: 10.5713/ab.20.0844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study was conducted to evaluate single cell protein (SCP), produced from Methylococcus species, as a protein source on the growth performance, carcass traits and gut health of broiler chickens. Methods Ten iso-nitrogenous and iso-caloric diets containing 0 (Control), 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10% SCP replacing either soybean meal (T1 to T5) or fish meal (T6 to T10) were formulated. Each diet prepared for starter (0 to 14 days), grower (15 to 21 days), and finisher (22 to 42 days) phases was offered to four replicates of 10 chicks each (n = 400). Growth performance at different phases and carcass characteristics and intestinal morphology on 42nd day of trial were measured. Results Body weight gain in groups fed 2.5% and 5% SCP diets were comparable to control during different phases and cumulatively, however lower (p<0.01) in 7.5% and 10% SCP diets. Feed conversion ratio was better (p<0.01) in 2.5% and 5% SCP diets. Dressing percentage, abdominal fat percentage and meat:bone ratio were not affected (p>0.05) by SCP inclusion in the diets. However, breast percentage was higher (p<0.01) in 2.5% and 5% SCP groups and thigh percentage higher in 7.5% and 10% SCP groups. Total microbial count in duodenum, jejunum and ileum were not affected (p>0.05) by SCP inclusion up to 10% in diets. Duodenal villi length and crypt depth were highest (p<0.01) in group fed 5% SCP diets and lowest in group fed 10% SCP diets. Jejunal villi length and crypt depth as well as ileal villi length were lowest (p<0.01) in group fed 10% SCP diets. Body weight gain, feed consumption, feed conversion ratio and gut health were better (p<0.01) in broilers fed fish meal based diets compared to soybean meal based diets. Conclusion It was concluded that inclusion of SCP up to 5% replacing soybean meal in broiler diets is beneficial in improving growth rate, breast yield and gut health status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hombegowda P Gangavadi
- Veterinary College, Karnataka Veterinary Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Hassan - 573 202, India
| | - Suresh N Bypanahalli
- Veterinary College, Karnataka Veterinary Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Hassan - 573 202, India
| | - Shivakumar C Mysore
- Veterinary College, Karnataka Veterinary Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Hassan - 573 202, India
| | - Ravikumar Puttamallappa
- Veterinary College, Karnataka Veterinary Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Hassan - 573 202, India
| | - Girish C Bekkere
- Veterinary College, Karnataka Veterinary Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Hassan - 573 202, India
| | - Rudrappa M Satturu
- Veterinary College, Karnataka Veterinary Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Hassan - 573 202, India
| | - Indresh C Huchamanadoddi
- Veterinary College, Karnataka Veterinary Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Hassan - 573 202, India
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10
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Saksrithai K, King AJ. Lactobacillus species in drinking water had no main effects on sulphur compounds from manure, egg quality, and selected serum parameters of second cycle hens. Br Poult Sci 2020; 61:328-335. [PMID: 31899948 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2019.1709618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
1. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a combined probiotic product (Lactobacillus paracasei, L. plantarum, and L. rhamnosus) on egg quality, sulphur compounds in manure and serum biochemistry of second cycle hens. 2. A total of 48 White Leghorn hens, at 52- to 54 weeks of age, were treated in a completely randomised design with water containing 0 or 1.8375 × 1010 cfu/l of probiotics for 8 weeks. 3. Probiotic supplementation did not affect egg quality. Albumen height and Haugh units were in general lowest in week 2 and highest in week 6. 4. For manure and serum parameters, water with or without probiotics produced statistically similar effects. An interacting trend for increasing concentrations of methyl mercaptan in manure was noted for probiotics x week, and should be further investigated. The week of supplementation significantly affected hydrogen sulphide, dimethyl sulphide, and triglycerides.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Saksrithai
- Department of Animal Science, University of California , Davis, CA, USA
| | - A J King
- Department of Animal Science, University of California , Davis, CA, USA
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Froebel LK, Jalukar S, Lavergne TA, Lee JT, Duong T. Administration of dietary prebiotics improves growth performance and reduces pathogen colonization in broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2020; 98:6668-6676. [PMID: 31557296 PMCID: PMC8913988 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pez537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary prebiotics are thought to be potentially important alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters in poultry production because of their beneficial performance and health effects. The administration of dietary prebiotics has been demonstrated to improve animal health, growth performance, and microbial food safety in poultry production. In this study, we evaluated the effects of Saccharomyces- derived prebiotic refined functional carbohydrates (RFC) with yeast culture on growth performance and gastrointestinal and environmental microbiota when administered in-feed and through drinking water to broiler chickens. Broilers were administered 2 doses of prebiotic in-feed through 42 d of production and prebiotic-treated water in the final 72 h. Administration of prebiotic RFC improved ADG and decreased cecal Campylobacter counts, while the high dose also increased final BW. Additionally, significant main effects of prebiotic RFC dose were observed with the high dose improving ADG and ADFI over the finisher phase and final BW. Although the effects were not significant, the prevalence of Campylobacter in the cecum after feed withdrawal was 17% lower when broilers were administered the high prebiotic dose, and recovery of Campylobacter from litter was up to 50% lower when broilers were administered prebiotic RFC. Our results suggest that co-administration of RFC with yeast culture as a prebiotic can be used to improve growth performance and reduce human foodborne pathogens in poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- L K Froebel
- Department of Poultry Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - S Jalukar
- Arm and Hammer Animal and Food Production, Princeton, NJ, 08540, USA
| | - T A Lavergne
- Arm and Hammer Animal and Food Production, Princeton, NJ, 08540, USA
| | - J T Lee
- Department of Poultry Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - T Duong
- Department of Poultry Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
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Mikulski D, Jankowski J, Mikulska M, Demey V. Effects of dietary probiotic (Pediococcus acidilactici) supplementation on productive performance, egg quality, and body composition in laying hens fed diets varying in energy density. Poult Sci 2020; 99:2275-2285. [PMID: 32241513 PMCID: PMC7587791 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2019.11.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the effect of probiotic Pediococcus acidilactici (PA) strain MA18/5M supplementation of diets with different dietary energy levels on productive performance, egg quality, and body composition in Hy-Line Brown hens during a 16-week period from 32 to 47 wk of age. The experimental treatments with a 2 × 2 factorial design received a 2 wheat–corn–soybean diet: a moderately low energy density diet with 2,650 kcal ME/kg (M-LED) and a low energy density diet based on the M-LED diet with 2,550 kcal ME/kg (LED), each diet without and with probiotic supplementation (M-LED, LED, M-LEDp, and LEDp, respectively). Reduced dietary energy levels had a particularly negative effect on egg weight (61.7 vs. 63.3 g; −2.6%, P < 0.001), egg mass output (1.67 vs. 1.71 kg; −2.4%, P = 0.015), and FCR (2.01 vs. 1.97 kg feed/kg egg; +2%, P = 0.028). In hens administered the LED diet, deteriorated productive performance was accompanied by greater body weight loss (P < 0.001) and reduced abdominal fat content (P < 0.033) as compared with the M-LED group. Dietary probiotic inclusion increased egg weight (P = 0.015), including relative eggshell weight (P = 0.008) and eggshell thickness (P = 0.002) and significantly improved FCR (P = 0.010). No interactions between the PA-based probiotic and dietary energy levels were found in any of the tested parameters. Adding the probiotic on top of the M-LED diet improved layers performance but resulted in nonbioequivalence for the egg weight, egg mass output, and FCR compared with this group without probiotic. Probiotic supplementation of the LEDp diet improved all performance parameters except for egg weight. As a result, the laying rate, egg mass output, daily feed intake, and FCR in the LEDp treatment were bioequivalent to those noted in the M-LED group without the probiotic. The results of a bioequivalence test suggest that a low energy diet fed to laying hens promoted a probiotic response to improve energy utilization by birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz Mikulski
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Jan Jankowski
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Marzena Mikulska
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland
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Zhao S, Zhang K, Ding X, Celi P, Yan L, Bai S, Zeng Q, Mao X, Xu S, Wang J. The impact of dietary supplementation of different feed additives on performances of broiler breeders characterized by different egg-laying rate. Poult Sci 2020; 98:6091-6099. [PMID: 31198968 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pez316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the impact of different feed additives on reproductive performance, egg quality, intestinal morphology, and blood metabolic profile of broiler breeder with different egg-laying rate. A total of 512 AA broiler breeders (48 wk old) were used in a 2 × 4 factorial design which encompassed 2 egg-laying rate levels [average (AR) and low (LR)] and 4 different dietary groups [control (no additive), 6 × 108 CFU/kg Enterococcus faecium (EF), 200 mg/kg apple pectic oligosaccharide (APO), and 1,000 mg/kg tributyrin (TRI)]. As expected, the LR breeders presented higher egg weight, eggshell thickness (P < 0.05), and feed conversion ratio as well as lower egg-laying and qualified egg rate than the AR breeders (P < 0.01). Dietary supplementation with the 3 additives improved egg weight (P ≤ 0.01). Dietary APO addition improved albumen height and Haugh units (P < 0.05) in both AR and LR breeders. Compared with APO and TRI, dietary EF addition increased eggshell thickness (P ≤ 0.01). An effect of the egg-laying rate and dietary additives on eggshell thickness (P < 0.01) was noted, with the addition of EF enhancing the eggshell thickness, which is more pronounced in the AR group. The duodenum of AR breeders presented a lower crypt depth and a higher villus/crypt ratio (P < 0.05); moreover, an effect of the laying rate and dietary additives on crypt depth was noted (P < 0.05), with the addition of APO to the diet resulting in a lower crypt depth. Compared with the APO and TRI, dietary EF addition increased follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) level in serum (P < 0.05). Overall, the results gathered in this study indicate that LR breeders have lower production performance, eggshell thickness and decreased gastrointestinal tract functionality in compared with the AR breeders. Dietary supplementation with APO might improve albumen quality and decrease duodenal morphology, while EF improved eggshell quality and FSH secretion, and the improvement was more pronounced in the breeders with an average egg-laying rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuju Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211, Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Keying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211, Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xuemei Ding
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211, Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Pietro Celi
- DSM Nutritional Products, Animal Nutrition and Health, Columbia, MD 21045, USA
| | - Lei Yan
- DSM Nutritional Products, Animal Nutrition and Health, Columbia, MD 21045, USA
| | - Shiping Bai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211, Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Qiufeng Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211, Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiangbing Mao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211, Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Shengyu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211, Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jianping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211, Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China
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Yu W, Hao X, Zhiyue W, Haiming Y, Lei X. Evaluation of the Effect of Bacillus Subtilis and Pediococcus Acidilactici Mix on Serum Biochemistry, Growth Promotation of Body and Visceral Organs in Lohmann Brown Chicks. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2020-1274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W Yu
- Yangzhou University, PR. China
| | - X Hao
- Yangzhou University, PR. China
| | - W Zhiyue
- Yangzhou University, PR. China; Yangzhou University, PR. China
| | | | - X Lei
- Yangzhou University, PR. China
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Prebiotic fructans and organic acids as feed additives improving mineral availability. WORLD POULTRY SCI J 2019. [DOI: 10.1017/s0043933912000323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- L.Z. Jin
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Y.W. Ho
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - N. Abdullah
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - S. Jalaludin
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Zhang Y, Ma W, Zhang Z, Liu F, Wang J, Yin Y, Wang Z. Effects of Enterococcus faecalis on egg production, egg quality and caecal microbiota of hens during the late laying period. Arch Anim Nutr 2019; 73:208-221. [PMID: 31033356 DOI: 10.1080/1745039x.2019.1591128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the effects of diet supplementation of laying hens with Enterococcus faecalis (EF) on egg production, egg quality and caecal microbiota. A total of 360 Hy-Line Brown laying hens (72 weeks old) were divided into three groups with four replicates of 30 birds each. The laying hens were fed with the basal diet (Control), the basal diet + 3.75 · 108 cfu EF/kg (Group I) or the basal diet + 7.5 · 108 cfu EF/kg (Group II). The experiment lasted for 45 d. Eggs and caecal samples were collected at the end of the experiment. Results showed that dietary supplementation with EF did not affect the average daily egg weight, cracked egg rate, mortality and egg quality. However, EF supplementation caused a significantly increased laying rate and decreased feed/egg ratio (p < 0.05). The differences in caecal microbiota between Group II and the Control were significant. The relative abundance of Verrucomicrobia and Cyanobacteria at the phylum level, Rikenellaceae, Christensenellaceae and Veillonellaceae at the family level, and the Faecalibacterium, Christensenellaceae R-7 group and Eubacterium coprostanoligenes group at the genus level changed significantly in Group II compared with the Control (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the tested dietary supplementations with EF improved product performance and affected the caecal microbial community structure of laying hens during the late laying period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaowen Zhang
- a Henan Provincial Academician Workstation of Feed Resource Development and Healthy Livestock, Department of Animal Science and Technology , Henan University of Science and Technology , Luoyang , China
| | - Wenfeng Ma
- a Henan Provincial Academician Workstation of Feed Resource Development and Healthy Livestock, Department of Animal Science and Technology , Henan University of Science and Technology , Luoyang , China
| | - Zhidan Zhang
- a Henan Provincial Academician Workstation of Feed Resource Development and Healthy Livestock, Department of Animal Science and Technology , Henan University of Science and Technology , Luoyang , China
| | - Fangyuan Liu
- a Henan Provincial Academician Workstation of Feed Resource Development and Healthy Livestock, Department of Animal Science and Technology , Henan University of Science and Technology , Luoyang , China
| | - Jie Wang
- a Henan Provincial Academician Workstation of Feed Resource Development and Healthy Livestock, Department of Animal Science and Technology , Henan University of Science and Technology , Luoyang , China
| | - Yulong Yin
- b Observation and Experiment Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central China, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changsha , China
| | - Zhanbin Wang
- a Henan Provincial Academician Workstation of Feed Resource Development and Healthy Livestock, Department of Animal Science and Technology , Henan University of Science and Technology , Luoyang , China
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Sarfo G, Hamidu J, Larbi A, Donkoh A. Effect of direct fed microbial in layer diets, on egg laying performance and health response of indigenous Ghanaian guinea fowls (Numida meleagris). Poult Sci 2019; 98:227-235. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Aalaei M, Khatibjoo A, Zaghari M, Taherpour K, Akbari Gharaei M, Soltani M. Comparison of single- and multi-strain probiotics effects on broiler breeder performance, egg production, egg quality and hatchability. Br Poult Sci 2018; 59:531-538. [PMID: 29976078 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2018.1496400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
1. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of multi-strain probiotic (containing Lactobacillus acidophilus 2.5 × 107 cfu/g, Lactobacillus casei 2.5 × 107 cfu/g, Bifidobacterium thermophilum 2.5 × 107 cfu/g and Enterococcus faecium 2.5 × 107 cfu/g) and single-strain probiotic (Pediococcus acidilactici 1 × 1010 cfu/g) on broiler breeder performance and gastrointestinal health. 2. A completely randomised trial was conducted using 300 broiler breeder hens (Ross 308) aged 51 weeks old which were randomly allocated to 1 of 5 dietary treatments with 6 replicates per treatment in a 10 week trial. Treatments included (1) the basal diet a negative control, (2) basal diet supplemented with 0.1 g/kg multi-strain probiotic (MS), (3) basal diet supplemented with 0.1 g/kg single-strain probiotic (SS), (4) basal diet supplemented with 0.1 g/kg of both of probiotics (MS+ SS) and (5) positive control basal diet supplemented with 0.5 g/kg oxytetracycline antibiotic (OX). 3. Body weight, egg production, yolk weight, eggshell thickness and weight, Haugh unit, fertility and hatchability were determined. Results showed that dietary treatments had no significant effect on total hen house or total hatching egg production, egg weight, yolk colour index, shell weight, mortality, body weight, fertility, hatchability, oviduct and stroma weight or number of large and small yellow follicles (P > 0.05). None of the jejunum morphological parameters, apparent ileal digestibility of protein and ileal Lactobacillus population were influenced by supplemental probiotics (P > 0.05), although ileum Escherichia coli count was reduced by inclusion of dietary probiotics (P < 0.05). 4. It was concluded that although both probiotic treatments reduced coliforms, they did not improve broiler breeder performance or gastrointestinal tract (GIT) function.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Aalaei
- a Department of Animal Science , University of Ilam , Ilam , IRAN
| | - A Khatibjoo
- b Poultry Nutrition, Department of Animal Science , University of Ilam , Ilam , IRAN
| | - M Zaghari
- c Department of Animal Science , University of Tehran , Tehran , IRAN
| | - K Taherpour
- b Poultry Nutrition, Department of Animal Science , University of Ilam , Ilam , IRAN
| | - M Akbari Gharaei
- b Poultry Nutrition, Department of Animal Science , University of Ilam , Ilam , IRAN
| | - M Soltani
- d Department of Biotechnology , Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology , Kerman , Iran
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Inatomi T, Otomaru K. Effect of dietary probiotics on the semen traits and antioxidative activity of male broiler breeders. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5874. [PMID: 29651158 PMCID: PMC5897344 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24345-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of probiotics on the intestinal morphology, intestinal microflora, oxidative activity (biological antioxidant potential), and semen quality of male broiler breeders. For this, 180 Cobb male broiler breeders (60 weeks of age) were randomly distributed into two groups. The control group was fed a basal diet, and the probiotics group was fed basal diet supplemented with probiotics for 6 weeks. Probiotics containing Bacillus amyloliquefaciens TOA5001 improved the above mentioned characteristics of the male broiler breeders. Thus, B. amyloliquefaciens TOA5001 might improve the reproductive performance of male broiler breeders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takio Inatomi
- Inatomi Animal Clinic 4-18-25, Seijou, Setagaya, Tokyo, 157-0066, Japan.
| | - Konosuke Otomaru
- Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan
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Abstract
Osteoporosis, characterized by low bone mass and micro-architectural deterioration of bone tissue with increased risk of fracture, can be categorized into two forms: primary and secondary, depending on whether it occurs as part of the natural aging process (estrogen deficiency) or as part of disease pathology. In both forms bone loss is due to an imbalance in the bone remodeling process, with resorption/formation skewed more toward bone loss. Recent studies and emerging evidence consistently demonstrate the potential of the intestinal microbiota to modulate bone health. This review discusses the process of bone remodeling and the pathology of osteoporosis and introduces the intestinal microbiota and its potential to influence bone health. In particular, we highlight recent murine studies that examine how probiotic supplementation can both increase bone density in healthy individuals and protect against primary (estrogen deficiency) as well as secondary osteoporosis. Potential mechanisms are described to account for how probiotic treatments could be exerting their beneficial effect on bone health.
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McCabe LR, Parameswaran N. Advances in Probiotic Regulation of Bone and Mineral Metabolism. Calcif Tissue Int 2018; 102:480-488. [PMID: 29453726 PMCID: PMC5849527 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-018-0403-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Probiotics have been consumed by humans for thousands of years because they are beneficial for long-term storage of foods and promote the health of their host. Ingested probiotics reside in the gastrointestinal tract where they have many effects including modifying the microbiota composition, intestinal barrier function, and the immune system which result in systemic benefits to the host, including bone health. Probiotics benefit bone growth, density, and structure under conditions of dysbiosis, intestinal permeability, and inflammation (recognized mediators of bone loss and osteoporosis). It is likely that multiple mechanisms are involved in mediating probiotic signals from the gut to the bone. Studies indicate a role for the microbiota (composition and activity), intestinal barrier function, and immune cells in the signaling process. These mechanisms are not mutually exclusive, but rather, may synergize to provide benefits to the skeletal system of the host and serve as a starting point for investigation. Given that probiotics hold great promise for supporting bone health and are generally regarded as safe, future studies identifying mechanisms are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura R McCabe
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
- Department of Radiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
- Biomedical Imaging Research Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
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Salim HMD, Huque KS, Kamaruddin KM, Haque Beg A. Global restriction of using antibiotic growth promoters and alternative strategies in poultry production. Sci Prog 2018; 101:52-75. [PMID: 29467062 PMCID: PMC10365203 DOI: 10.3184/003685018x15173975498947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
A growing global concern of antibiotic use in poultry diets due to its potential adverse effects on birds and human health, food safety and the environment has led to a complete ban or restricted use in some countries, and, at the same time, expanding options for the use of alternative feed additives. Multiple, rather than a single additive may replace antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) in poultry. Blending of feeding additives and hygienic farm management, vaccination and biosecurity may help achieve good intestinal health, stabilise enteric ecosystems and result in sustainable and cost effective production performance of birds. Moreover, controlling unsolicited ingredients at the production level must have the support of different markets responsible for the supply of safe and quality poultry products for consumers. This requires the further increase and diversification of value added poultry products and the expansion of their markets through strategic planning and gradual limitation of live bird markets. More research is warranted in order to explore suitable, reliable and cost effective alternatives to AGPs for commercial use, and strategic poultry value chain development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Khan Shahidul Huque
- Animal nutrition and feeding, and environment and improved livestock manure (ILM)
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Triplett M, Zhai W, Peebles E, McDaniel C, Kiess A. Investigating commercial in ovo technology as a strategy for introducing probiotic bacteria to broiler embryos. Poult Sci 2018; 97:658-666. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/pex317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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Tang SGH, Sieo CC, Ramasamy K, Saad WZ, Wong HK, Ho YW. Performance, biochemical and haematological responses, and relative organ weights of laying hens fed diets supplemented with prebiotic, probiotic and synbiotic. BMC Vet Res 2017; 13:248. [PMID: 28814309 PMCID: PMC5559823 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-017-1160-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The increasing trend of ban on the use of antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) across the globe in the poultry industry has led to a growing need for alternatives to AGPs. Prebiotic, probiotic and their combination as a synbiotic have been considered as potential alternatives. This study aimed to investigate the effects of a prebiotic (isomaltooligosaccharide, IMO), a probiotic (PrimaLac®), and their combination (synbiotic) on hen performance, biochemical and haematological responses, and relative organ weights from 20 to 52 weeks of age. Results Supplementation of 1% IMO (PRE), 0.1% PrimaLac® (PRO) and 1% IMO + 0.1% PrimaLac® (SYN) improved (P < 0.05) feed intake and egg production at 20–36 weeks of age; body weight gain, feed conversion ratio and egg mass at 20–36 and 20–52 weeks of age; and egg weight at 20–36, 37–52 and 20–52 weeks of age. Compared to control-fed hens at 20–36 weeks of age, PRO- and SYN-fed hens produced less (P < 0.05) small size eggs while SYN-fed hens produced more large size eggs. From 37 to 52 weeks of age, PRE-, PRO- or SYN-fed hens produced less (P < 0.05) medium size eggs, and more large and extra-large size eggs. PRE, PRO or SYN supplementation decreased (P < 0.05) the serum total cholesterol at 36 weeks of age, and serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) at 36 and 52 weeks of age. At 36 and 52 weeks of age, supplementation of PRE, PRO or SYN increased (P < 0.05) lymphocyte percentage and decreased (P < 0.05) heterophil percentage, leading to a lower heterophil to lymphocyte (H/L) ratio. No significant differences were observed in the relative weights of the heart, liver, ovary, pancreas and spleen of all dietary treatment groups. Conclusions Supplementation of PRE, PRO or SYN improved performance, serum total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, ALT, ALP and H/L ratio of hens from 20 to 52 weeks of age. These results demonstrated the use of PRE, PRO and SYN as alternative feed additives to AGPs for improving the health and productivity of hens, while PRO is the best for commercial layer production to yield maximum profit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirley Gee Hoon Tang
- Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Nilai University, No. 1, Persiaran Universiti, Putra Nilai, 71800, Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.,Laboratory of Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Chin Chin Sieo
- Laboratory of Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.,Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Kalavathy Ramasamy
- Collaborative Drug Discovery Research (CDDR) Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 42300 Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Wan Zuhainis Saad
- Laboratory of Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia. .,Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Hee Kum Wong
- Strategic Livestock Research Centre, Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI), Persiaran MARDI-UPM, 43400, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Yin Wan Ho
- Laboratory of Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
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Improved antimicrobial activity of Pediococcus acidilactici against Salmonella Gallinarum by UV mutagenesis and genome shuffling. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101:5353-5363. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8293-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 04/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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28
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Liu J, Xia B, Du X, Zeng T, Liu Y, Chen L, Lu L, Li C. Effects of water supplemented with Bacillus subtilis and photosynthetic bacteria on egg production, egg quality, serum immunoglobulins and digestive enzyme activity of ducks. JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2017.1299741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liu
- Hangzhou Tea Research Institute, China COOP, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bing Xia
- Hangzhou Tea Research Institute, China COOP, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xue Du
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Zeng
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yali Liu
- The Agriculture Department of Zhejiang Province, Bureau of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Chen
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lizhi Lu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunmei Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
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29
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Wang Y, Du W, Lei K, Wang B, Wang Y, Zhou Y, Li W. Effects of Dietary Bacillus licheniformis on Gut Physical Barrier, Immunity, and Reproductive Hormones of Laying Hens. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2017; 9:292-299. [DOI: 10.1007/s12602-017-9252-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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30
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Collins FL, Kim SM, McCabe LR, Weaver CM. Intestinal Microbiota and Bone Health: The Role of Prebiotics, Probiotics, and Diet. MOLECULAR AND INTEGRATIVE TOXICOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-56192-9_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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31
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Triplett M, Parker H, McDaniel C, Kiess A. Influence of 6 different intestinal bacteria on Beltsville Small White turkey semen. Poult Sci 2016; 95:1918-26. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/pew119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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32
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Sadeghi AA. Bone Mineralization of Broiler Chicks Challenged with Salmonella enteritidis Fed Diet Containing Probiotic (Bacillus subtilis). Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2016; 6:136-40. [PMID: 25300924 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-014-9170-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The present study was carried out to determine the effect of probiotic, Bacillus subtilis, on ash and calcium contents of tibia bone in unchallenged and challenged broiler chicks with Salmonella enteritidis. In a completely randomized design, 160 chicks were divided into four groups. Each group had four replicates with 10 birds each. Treatments were control group, probiotic-treated group, challenged group and challenged probiotic-treated group. Ash and calcium contents of tibia at 21 and 42 days of age were determined. At 21 days of age, the highest contents of ash and calcium were related to probiotic-treated group and the lowest means to challenged chicks (P < 0.05). At this period, inclusion of probiotic to diet of challenged chick increased (P < 0.05) ash and calcium contents of tibia. With increases in age, the negative effects of challenging and beneficial effects of probiotic on bone mineralization diminished; since at 42 days of age, challenging or probiotic treatment had no effect on ash and calcium contents of tibia.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Sadeghi
- Department of Animal Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran,
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33
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Ajuwon K. Toward a better understanding of mechanisms of probiotics and prebiotics action in poultry species. J APPL POULTRY RES 2016. [DOI: 10.3382/japr/pfv074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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34
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Bozkurt M, Küçükyilmaz K, Ayhan V, Çabuk M, Ugur Çatli A. Performance of layer or broiler breeder hens varies in response to different probiotic preparations. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.4081/ijas.2011.e31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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35
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Abdulla NR, Mohd Zamri AN, Sabow AB, Kareem KY, Nurhazirah S, Ling FH, Sazili AQ, Loh TC. Physico-chemical properties of breast muscle in broiler chickens fed probiotics, antibiotics or antibiotic–probiotic mix. JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2015.1124330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nazim Rasul Abdulla
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Animal Resource, University of Salah al-Din, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Amirah Nabilah Mohd Zamri
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Azad Behnan Sabow
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Animal Resource, University of Salah al-Din, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Karwan Yaseen Kareem
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Animal Resource, University of Salah al-Din, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Shazali Nurhazirah
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Foo Hooi Ling
- Department of Bioprocess Technology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Awis Qurni Sazili
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Teck Chwen Loh
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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36
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Lee JY, Kang SK, Heo YJ, Shin DW, Park TE, Han GG, Jin GD, Lee HB, Jung E, Kim HS, Na Y, Kim EB, Choi YJ. Influence of Flaxseed Oil on Fecal Microbiota, Egg Quality and Fatty Acid Composition of Egg Yolks in Laying Hens. Curr Microbiol 2015; 72:259-66. [PMID: 26613617 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-015-0946-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Although there have been many attempts to produce ω-3 fatty acid-rich eggs using alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) that is a popular fatty acid in the poultry feed industry, only limited knowledge about the effects of ALA-enriched diets on chicken fecal microbiota is currently available. Herein we examined the changes in the fecal microbiota composition, egg quality traits and fatty acid composition of the egg yolks of laying hens fed ALA-rich flaxseed oil for 8 weeks. The animals fed the experimental diets that contained 0 % (group C), 0.5 % (group T1), and 1.0 % (group T2) of flaxseed oil, respectively, and eggs and feces were obtained for the analyses. ω-3 fatty acids, including ALA, were increased in T1 and T2 compared with C. Furthermore, the freshness of eggs was improved with no side effects on the eggs. The diet also changed the fecal microbiota; Firmicutes was increased in T1 and T2 (48.6 to 83 and 79.6 %) and Bacteroidetes was decreased (40.2 to 8.8 and 4.2 %). Principal coordinate analysis revealed that Lactobacillus, among the 56 examined genera, was the most influenced bacterial group in terms of the fecal microbial community shifts. These results indicate that ALA-rich diets influenced both the egg and fecal microbiota in beneficial manners in laying hens although the association between the fatty acid composition of the egg yolk and the fecal microbiota was not clear. This study is a first step to understand the effect of flaxseed oil as well as intestinal microbiota of laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Yeong Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Kee Kang
- Institute of Green-Bio Science & Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Jeong Heo
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Woon Shin
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Eun Park
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Geon Goo Han
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwi-Deuk Jin
- Department of Animal Life Science, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Bin Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eojin Jung
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Sung Kim
- SeoulFeed Company, Limited, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yerim Na
- SPC Research Institute of Food and Biotechnology, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Bae Kim
- Department of Animal Life Science, College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yun-Jaie Choi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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37
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Forte C, Moscati L, Acuti G, Mugnai C, Franciosini MP, Costarelli S, Cobellis G, Trabalza-Marinucci M. Effects of dietary Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bacillus subtilis on laying performance, egg quality, blood biochemistry and immune response of organic laying hens. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2015; 100:977-87. [PMID: 26614687 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of two different probiotic micro-organisms on the performance, egg quality and blood parameters of organically reared hens. A total of 900 16-week-old Hy-Line layer hybrids were randomly assigned to three groups of 300 birds each. The control (CTR) group was fed a corn-soya bean cake-based diet; the L group was fed the same diet supplemented with 0.1% Lactobacillus acidophilus, while the B group was fed the same diet supplemented with 0.05% Bacillus subtilis. Data were recorded at the beginning (weeks 5 and 6: T1) and at the end (weeks 19 and 20: T2) of the experiment, and no differences in hen performance were recorded between dietary groups or sampling times. All of the investigated clinical chemistry parameters, except GGT, were affected by diet (p < 0.05), with the best results recorded for the probiotic-treated groups. The immune-response values showed higher blood bactericidal activity in the B and L groups at T2 (p < 0.05) and a lower lysozime concentration in the B group at T1. Higher antibody production against Newcastle disease virus was observed in the L group compared to the CTR (p = 0.013). No differences in oxidative status were recorded, and no effects of diet on egg quality were observed. Among the physical egg characteristics, only the Roche scale colour was affected by diet (p < 0.05): the egg yolk was paler in the L group. The age of the hen was the most relevant factor affecting physical egg characteristics. The chemical parameters of the egg were almost unaffected by supplementation with probiotics except for the lipid content, which decreased with the L diet (p < 0.05). Both probiotic inclusions had beneficial effects on hen metabolism and welfare, and L. acidophilus induced the best immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Forte
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
| | - L Moscati
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Perugia, Italy
| | - G Acuti
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - C Mugnai
- Faculty of Biosciences and Agro-Food and Environmental Technologies, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - M P Franciosini
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - S Costarelli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Perugia, Italy
| | - G Cobellis
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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38
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Cox CM, Dalloul RA. Immunomodulatory role of probiotics in poultry and potential in ovo application. Benef Microbes 2015; 6:45-52. [PMID: 25213028 DOI: 10.3920/bm2014.0062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Recently, there has been an increasing debate regarding the use of sub-therapeutic antibiotics in animal feed. This stems from worries that this practice may result in microbial resistance to human antibiotics employed in treating infections, thus causing a human health concern. Due to this tension, the poultry industry is under mounting pressure to reduce the use of these agents as feed additives and alternative control methods have taken the forefront in the research community. Investigators are searching for the latest alternative that will protect flocks from disease, while not hindering performance or negatively impacting profit margins. Probiotic supplementation is one option currently being explored as a means of improving performance and reducing the amount and severity of enteric diseases in poultry, and subsequent contamination of poultry products for human consumption. Probiotics are live, nonpathogenic microorganisms known to have a positive effect on the host by beneficially modifying gut microbiota and modulating the immune system. This review will discuss the role of probiotics in poultry, including their effects on performance, immune response and host defence against disease. Also addressed will be the recent applications of supplementing probiotics in ovo as an innovative means to administer such additives to promote early colonisation of beneficial bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Cox
- Avian Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, 3170 Litton-Reaves Hall, VA 24061, USA
| | - R A Dalloul
- Avian Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, 3170 Litton-Reaves Hall, VA 24061, USA
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39
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R LT, A PC, R EL, J JHE, H FD, V MRV, F ASDE, F JPR. Effect of adding different levels of probiotics to broilers diets on gastrointestinal tract development and production performance. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.5897/ajmr2013.6529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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40
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Chung SH, Lee J, Kong C. Effects of Multi Strain Probiotics on Egg Production and Quality in Laying Hens Fed Diets Containing Food Waste Product. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.3923/ijps.2015.19.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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41
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Bozkurt M, Küçükyılmaz K, Cabuk M, Catlı AU. The Long Term Effects of Fairly Low-level of Supplemental Fat on the Productive Performance of Commercial Layers. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2014; 25:524-30. [PMID: 25049593 PMCID: PMC4092899 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2011.11375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2011] [Revised: 12/15/2011] [Accepted: 12/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Laying hens were fed commercial diets added with supplemented fat (SFAT) at 0.6, 1.2, and 1.8% in order to study the long term dietary effects - on - their productive performance from 22 to 75 wk of age. Five hundred and seventy six Single Comb White Leghorn hens were assigned to one of the four dietary treatments. The experimental phase consisted of three periods of 18 wk each. The final body weight and gain of hens fed on diets with SFAT at 1.2% and 1.8% were lower (p<0.05) than those hens given no SFAT. The SFAT at the 1.2% and 1.8% levels improved egg production rate, egg weight and mass, as well as FCR. Mortality and feed consumption were not affected by dietary SFAT. Administration of a diet with SFAT significantly decreased the cracked-broken egg ratio (p<0.01). The beneficial effects of SFAT on egg production performance were particularly more pronounced at intermediate and later ages. Hence, SFAT by period interactions were significant for all traits studied except feed intake. Hens fed SFAT deposited significantly higher abdominal fat than those on the no-SFAT diet. As a result, SFAT at 1.2% and 1.8% inclusion levels provided benefits in terms of efficient table egg production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Bozkurt
- Department of Poultry Science, Vocational School of Celal Bayar University, Akhisar, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Kamil Küçükyılmaz
- Department of Poultry Science, Vocational School of Celal Bayar University, Akhisar, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Metin Cabuk
- Department of Poultry Science, Vocational School of Celal Bayar University, Akhisar, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Uğur Catlı
- Department of Poultry Science, Vocational School of Celal Bayar University, Akhisar, Manisa, Turkey
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42
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Lei K, Li YL, Yu DY, Rajput IR, Li WF. Influence of dietary inclusion of Bacillus licheniformis on laying performance, egg quality, antioxidant enzyme activities, and intestinal barrier function of laying hens. Poult Sci 2013; 92:2389-95. [PMID: 23960122 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2012-02686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary inclusion of Bacillus licheniformis on laying performance, egg quality, antioxidant enzyme activities, and intestinal barrier function of laying hens. Hy-Line Variety W-36 hens (n = 540; 28 wk of age) were randomized into 6 groups, each group with 6 replications (n = 15). The control group received the basal diet formulated with maize and soybean meal. The treatment groups received the same basal diets supplemented with 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.06, and 0.09% Bacillus licheniformis powder (2 × 10(10) cfu/g) for an 8-wk trial. The results showed that dietary supplementation with 0.01 and 0.03% B. licheniformis significantly increased egg production and egg mass. However, no significant differences were observed in egg weight, feed consumption, and feed conversion efficiency among the 6 groups. Supplementation with different levels of B. licheniformis was found to be effective in improvement of egg quality by increasing egg shell thickness and strength. Compared with control, d-lactate content, diamine oxidase activity, and adrenocorticotropic hormone level in serum decreased significantly, and the level of estradiol and follicle-stimulating hormone increased significantly in plasma of all the experimental groups. Dietary supplementation with B. licheniformis increased the intestinal villus height and reduced the crypt depth. In conclusion, dietary inclusion of B. licheniformis could improve laying performance and egg quality significantly in a dose-dependent manner by decreasing the stress response, upregulating the growth hormone, and improving intestinal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Lei
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Feed Sciences, Institute of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China 310058
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43
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Zhang ZF, Kim IH. Effects of probiotic supplementation in different energy and nutrient density diets on performance, egg quality, excreta microflora, excreta noxious gas emission, and serum cholesterol concentrations in laying hens. J Anim Sci 2013; 91:4781-7. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2013-6484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Z. F. Zhang
- Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Choongnam, 330-714, South Korea
| | - I. H. Kim
- Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Choongnam, 330-714, South Korea
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44
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Haines MD, Parker HM, McDaniel CD, Kiess AS. Impact of 6 different intestinal bacteria on broiler breeder sperm motility in vitro. Poult Sci 2013; 92:2174-81. [PMID: 23873566 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2013-03109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Male fertility is often evaluated by measuring sperm parameters, including concentration, viability, and motility. This is important because after copulation occurs, sperm must overcome many barriers in the female reproductive tract to fertilize the ovum. In mammalian species, sperm have been shown to have reduced motility when bacteria are present. In male broiler breeders, bacteria have been associated with spermatozoa, but their effect on motility has not been investigated. The sperm quality index is a modern rapid method of evaluating avian sperm motility. Therefore, the objective of this study was to use the sperm quality index to determine if broiler breeder sperm motility is reduced when semen is exposed to various bacteria. In this experiment, semen was collected from 20 broiler breeders to obtain a pooled neat semen sample. Six different intestinal bacteria, Salmonella enterica, Escherichia coli, Campylobacter jejuni, Clostridium bifermentans, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and Bifidobacterium animalis were cultured overnight. For each bacterium, 50 µL of semen was diluted in 450 µL of saline, sterile broth, or the overnight culture, creating 3 treatments. The experiment was repeated twice. In each treatment, 3 replicates were evaluated at 0 and 10 min postinoculation, creating a completely randomized design with a split plot over time. Also, the pH was measured for each treatment at 0 and 10 min. The results indicated that all broths containing bacteria immediately reduced broiler breeder sperm motility when compared with the controls (P < 0.0001), but broths containing Bifidobacterium or Lactobacillus virtually made sperm immotile. Although broth containing Salmonella, Campylobacter, and Bifidobacterium immediately reduced sperm motility, the reduction did not change over time. Broths containing E. coli, Clostridium, and Lactobacillus reduced sperm motility immediately, but over time motility continued to decrease. However, pH was increased when semen was exposed to the E. coli and Campylobacter treatment, but when semen was exposed to Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus treatments, pH was reduced. In conclusion, the results indicate that bacteria can reduce broiler breeder sperm motility upon exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Haines
- Poultry Science Department, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
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45
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Salim H, Kang H, Akter N, Kim D, Kim J, Kim M, Na J, Jong H, Choi H, Suh O, Kim W. Supplementation of direct-fed microbials as an alternative to antibiotic on growth performance, immune response, cecal microbial population, and ileal morphology of broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2013; 92:2084-90. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2012-02947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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46
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Nunes R, Scherer C, Silva W, Appelt M, Pozza P, Vieites F. Avaliação de probiótico na alimentação de poedeiras comerciais no segundo ciclo de postura. ARQ BRAS MED VET ZOO 2013. [DOI: 10.1590/s0102-09352013000100035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Avaliou-se o efeito da inclusão de probiótico sobre o desempenho e a qualidade dos ovos de poedeiras semipesadas no segundo ciclo de postura. Foram utilizadas 450 aves com 69 semanas de idade, distribuídas aleatoriamente em um delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, em cinco tratamentos, seis repetições e 15 aves por unidade experimental. A ração experimental foi à base de milho e farelo de soja e suplementada com probiótico composto por Lactobacillus acidophilus, Streptococcus faecium e Bifidobacterium bifidum. O experimento teve a duração de 16 semanas e foi dividido em quatro períodos de 28 dias cada, nos quais as aves receberam cinco rações experimentais contendo diferentes porcentagens de inclusão de probiótico, 0; 0,05; 0,10; 0,15 e 0,20%. Não foi observado efeito (P>0,05) da inclusão de probiótico sobre o desempenho e a qualidade dos ovos de galinhas poedeiras no segundo ciclo de postura. A inclusão de 0,10% de probiótico influenciou negativamente a gravidade específica dos ovos. A utilização de probiótico para galinhas no segundo ciclo de postura não interfere na produção e na qualidade dos ovos.
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Affiliation(s)
- R.V. Nunes
- Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná
| | - C. Scherer
- Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná
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47
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Mappley LJ, Tchórzewska MA, Nunez A, Woodward MJ, Bramley PM, La Ragione RM. Oral treatment of chickens with Lactobacillus reuteri LM1 reduces Brachyspira pilosicoli-induced pathology. J Med Microbiol 2012; 62:287-296. [PMID: 23161764 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.051862-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Avian intestinal spirochaetosis (AIS) results from the colonization of the caeca and colon of poultry by pathogenic Brachyspira, notably Brachyspira pilosicoli. Following the ban on the use of antibiotic growth promoters in the European Union in 2006, the number of cases of AIS has increased, which, alongside emerging antimicrobial resistance in Brachyspira, has driven renewed interest in alternative intervention strategies. Lactobacillus-based probiotics have been shown to protect against infection with common enteric pathogens in livestock. Our previous studies have shown that Lactobacillus reuteri LM1 antagonizes aspects of the pathobiology of Brachyspira in vitro. Here, we showed that L. reuteri LM1 mitigates the clinical symptoms of AIS in chickens experimentally challenged with B. pilosicoli. Two groups of 15 commercial laying hens were challenged experimentally by oral gavage with B. pilosicoli B2904 at 18 weeks of age; one group received unsupplemented drinking water and the other received L. reuteri LM1 in drinking water from 1 week prior to challenge with Brachyspira and thereafter for the duration of the study. This treatment regime was protective. Specifically, B. pilosicoli was detected by culture in fewer birds, bird weights were higher, faecal moisture contents were significantly lower (P<0.05) and egg production as assessed by egg weight and faecal staining score was improved (P<0.05). Also, at post-mortem examination, significantly fewer B. pilosicoli were recovered from treated birds (P<0.05), with only mild-moderate histopathological changes observed. These data suggest that L. reuteri LM1 may be a useful tool in the control of AIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke J Mappley
- School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, Surrey TW20 OEX, UK.,Department of Bacteriology, Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK
| | - Monika A Tchórzewska
- School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, Surrey TW20 OEX, UK.,Department of Bacteriology, Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK
| | - Alejandro Nunez
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, Berkshire RG6 6AP, UK
| | - Martin J Woodward
- Pathology Unit, Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK
| | - Peter M Bramley
- School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, Surrey TW20 OEX, UK
| | - Roberto M La Ragione
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guilford, Surrey GU2 7XH, UK.,Department of Bacteriology, Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK
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48
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Mikulski D, Jankowski J, Naczmanski J, Mikulska M, Demey V. Effects of dietary probiotic (Pediococcus acidilactici) supplementation on performance, nutrient digestibility, egg traits, egg yolk cholesterol, and fatty acid profile in laying hens. Poult Sci 2012; 91:2691-700. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2012-02370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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49
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Wu BQ, Zhang T, Guo LQ, Lin JF. Effects of Bacillus subtilis KD1 on broiler intestinal flora. Poult Sci 2011; 90:2493-9. [PMID: 22010234 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2011-01529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel Bacillus subtilis KD1 strain was isolated and identified from healthy broilers, and its phylogenetic classification was subsequently analyzed. To evaluate its probiotic availability, its growth characteristics and tolerance for the gut environment were evaluated in vitro. The results suggest that B. subtilis KD1 is superior in secreting neutral protease and is highly tolerant of gastric acid and bile salt. In the logarithmic growth phase, the neutral protease reached a maximum of 1,369.3 U/mL. When all live bacteria had become spores in the broth, B. subtilis KD1 was freeze dried and fed to broilers at 10(9), 5 × 10(9), and 10(10) bacilli/kg of feed. The animal trial results suggest that the addition of the new strain significantly improved intestinal flora by increasing lactobacilli and reducing Escherichia coli (P < 0.05) as compared with the control; hence, B. subtilis KD1 is a promising probiotic organism in broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Q Wu
- South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
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50
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Khan SH, Atif M, Mukhtar N, Rehman A, Fareed G. Effects of supplementation of multi-enzyme and multi-species probiotic on production performance, egg quality, cholesterol level and immune system in laying hens. JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2011.621538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sohail Hassan Khan
- a Poultry Research Institute , Murree Road, Shamsabad, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Atif
- b Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University , Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Nasir Mukhtar
- b Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University , Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Rehman
- a Poultry Research Institute , Murree Road, Shamsabad, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Fareed
- a Poultry Research Institute , Murree Road, Shamsabad, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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