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Taccioli F, Blessent CGF, Paganelli A, Fagioli F, Chester JM, Kaleci S, Costantini M, Ferrari B, Fiorentini C, De Santis G, Magnoni C. Delay in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma Diagnosis Due to Interrupted Services Is Associated with Worse Prognoses and Modified Surgical Approaches. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1469. [PMID: 38672551 PMCID: PMC11048546 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16081469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The delayed diagnosis of skin tumors is associated with a worsened prognosis. The impact of the interruption of clinical and surgical health services during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns has been documented among many pathologies. The impact of delayed diagnoses on patients with cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (cSCCs) is poorly defined. OBJECTIVE To compare patient and lesion characteristics and the surgical management of excised cSCCs prior to the pandemic shutdown of services (2018-2019) with the phase following the pandemic's second wave (2021-2022). METHODS An observational, single-center, cross-sectional study of 416 surgically excised cSCCs over the course of two years was performed. Only patients with histologically confirmed cSCC were enrolled. Data collection included patient demographics and lesion characteristics, time to surgery, surgical approach, and histological data. RESULTS More cSCC lesions were excised prior to the interruption of services (n = 312 vs. n = 186). Lesions were significantly larger (1.7 ± 1.2 vs. 2.1 ± 1.5 cm; p = 0.006) and more invasive (52% vs. 89%; p < 0.001), in the period 2021-2022. Surgical reconstructive techniques were significantly different (p = 0.001). Metastatic involvement was confirmed in three subjects (one in 2018-2019 and two in 2021-2022). There were no significant differences in the time to surgery or patient characteristics. Multivariable regression analysis identified a 4.7-times higher risk of tumor invasion (OR 4.69, 95%CI 2.55-8.16, p < 0.001), a two-times higher chance of dermo-epidermal grafts (OR 2.06, 95%CI 1.09-3.88, p = 0.025), and a 3.2-times higher risk of positive surgical margins (OR 3.21, 95%CI 1.44-7.17, p = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS Diagnostic delays of cutaneous SCCs associated with reduced patient access to clinical and diagnostic services are associated with a 4.7-times increased risk of more severe invasion, a three-times increased risk of positive surgical margins, and a significant impact on surgical management, compared to the pre-pandemic period. Comparable patient cohort characteristics and time to surgery remained unchanged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Taccioli
- Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy;
| | - Claudio Gio Francesco Blessent
- Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy;
| | - Alessia Paganelli
- PhD Course in Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy;
| | - Francesca Fagioli
- Health Directorate, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy;
| | - Johanna Mary Chester
- Surgical, Medical, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (J.M.C.); (S.K.)
| | - Shaniko Kaleci
- Surgical, Medical, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (J.M.C.); (S.K.)
| | - Matteo Costantini
- Institute of Pathology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy;
| | - Barbara Ferrari
- Department of Dermatology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (B.F.); (C.F.); (C.M.)
| | - Chiara Fiorentini
- Department of Dermatology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (B.F.); (C.F.); (C.M.)
| | - Giorgio De Santis
- Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy;
| | - Cristina Magnoni
- Department of Dermatology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (B.F.); (C.F.); (C.M.)
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Vicario CM, Mucciardi M, Perconti P, Lucifora C, Nitsche MA, Avenanti A. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on academic performance: a comparative analysis of face-to face and online assessment. Front Psychol 2024; 14:1299136. [PMID: 38264417 PMCID: PMC10803507 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1299136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Survey studies yield mixed results on the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on academic performance, with limited direct evidence available. Methodology Using the academic platform from the Italian university system, a large-scale archival study involving 30,731 students and 829 examiners encompassing a total of 246,416 exams (oral tests only) to scrutinize the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on the likelihood of passing exams was conducted. Examination data were collected both in face-to-face and online formats during the pandemic. In the pre-pandemic period, only face-to-face data were accessible. Results In face-to-face examination, we observed a lower probability of passing exams during the pandemic as opposed to pre-pandemic periods. Notably, during the pandemic we found an increased chance of passing exams conducted through online platforms compared to face-to-face assessments. Discussion and conclusions These findings provide the first direct evidence of an adverse impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on academic performance. Furthermore, the results align with prior survey studies underscoring that using telematics platforms to evaluate students' performance increases the probability of exam success. This research significantly contributes to ongoing efforts aimed to comprehend how lockdowns and the widespread use of online platforms impact academic assessment processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmelo Mario Vicario
- Department of Cognitive Sciences, Psychology, Education and Cultural Studies, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Massimo Mucciardi
- Department of Cognitive Sciences, Psychology, Education and Cultural Studies, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Pietro Perconti
- Department of Cognitive Sciences, Psychology, Education and Cultural Studies, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Chiara Lucifora
- Department of Philosophy and Communication, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Michael A. Nitsche
- Department of Psychology and Neurosciences, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at TU Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
- Bielefeld University, University Hospital OWL, Protestant Hospital of Bethel Foundation, University Clinic of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Clinic of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Alessio Avenanti
- Dipartimento di Psicologia “Renzo Canestrari”, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Cesena, Italy
- Neuropsychology and Cognitive Neuroscience Research Center (CINPSI Neurocog), Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
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Spinoni M, Singh Solorzano C, Grano C. The impact of prepartum pandemic-related perceived stress on anxiety symptoms in the postpartum: The role of perceived childbirth experiences. J Anxiety Disord 2023; 99:102762. [PMID: 37647729 DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2023.102762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Postpartum anxiety is a significant component of postpartum maternal distress and is related to adverse outcomes for both the mother and the child. Although previous research reported higher anxiety symptoms in pregnant women during the Covid-19 pandemic, no studies evaluated the negative impact of pandemic-related perceived stress on postpartum anxiety symptomatology over time. This study aimed to examine the impact of prepartum pandemic-related stress on postpartum anxiety and to evaluate the role of subjective labor and delivery experiences on this relationship. A sample of 172 pregnant women completed an online questionnaire evaluating pandemic-related perceived stress and anxiety symptoms in the second or third trimester of pregnancy. In the postpartum, they completed a second questionnaire retrospectively evaluating their childbirth experience and assessing anxiety symptoms in the last two weeks. A mediation analysis was conducted. Prepartum pandemic-related perceived stress was significantly associated with postpartum anxiety symptoms. Moreover, childbirth experiences significantly and partially mediated this relationship. Findings highlighted the importance of evaluating perceived stress levels during pregnancy to prevent negative consequences on postpartum mental health. Clinicians need to foster better management of factors included in the childbirth experience that may potentially trigger or counteract anxiety risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Spinoni
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Dei Marsi, 78, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Caterina Grano
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Via Dei Marsi, 78, 00185 Rome, Italy.
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Briere J, Wang SH, Khanam UA, Lawson J, Goodridge D. Quality of life and well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic: associations with loneliness and social isolation in a cross-sectional, online survey of 2,207 community-dwelling older Canadians. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:615. [PMID: 37777717 PMCID: PMC10542692 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04350-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The far-reaching health and social sequelae of the COVID-19 pandemic among older adults have the potential to negatively impact both quality of life (QoL) and well-being, in part because of increased risks of loneliness and social isolation. The aim of this study was to examine predictors of QoL and well-being among Canadian older adults within the context of the pandemic, including loneliness and social isolation. METHODS This cross-sectional, online survey recruited older adult participants through community organizations and research participant panels. Measures included the: Older People's Quality of Life Scale-B, WHO-5, DeJong Gierveld Loneliness Scale, Lubben Social Network Scale and five COVID-19 specific items assessing impact on loneliness and social isolation. Multiple linear regression models were used to adjust for potential confounders. RESULTS A total of 2,207 older Canadians (55.7% female, with a mean age of 69.4 years) responded to the survey. Over one-third strongly disagreed that the pandemic had had a significant effect on either their mental (35.0%) or physical health (37.6%). Different patterns of predictors were apparent for QoL and well-being. After adjusting for all variables in the models, the ability of income to meet needs emerged as the strongest predictor of higher QoL, but was not associated with well-being, except for those who chose not to disclose their income adequacy. Age was not associated with either QoL or well-being. Females were more likely to experience lower well-being (β=-2.0, 95% C.I. =-4.0,-0.03), but not QoL. Reporting three or more chronic health conditions and that the COVID-19 pandemic had a negative impact on mental health was associated with lower QoL and well-being. Loneliness was a predictor of reduced QoL (β=-1.4, 95% C.I. =--1.6, -1.2) and poor well-being (β=-3.7, 95% C.I. =-4.3,-3.0). A weak association was noted between QoL and social isolation. CONCLUSIONS The COVID-19 pandemic is associated with differential effects among older adults. In particular, those with limited financial resources and those with multiple chronic conditions may be at more risk to suffer adverse QoL and well-being consequences. Loneliness may be a modifiable risk factor for decreased QoL and well-being amenable to targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Briere
- Department of Psychology and Health Studies, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Sophia Haotong Wang
- Department of Psychology and Health Studies, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Ulfat Ara Khanam
- Health Sciences Program, College of Medicine, Canadian Centre for Health and Safety in Agriculture, Respiratory Research Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Josh Lawson
- Department of Medicine and Canadian Centre for Health and Safety in Agriculture, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Donna Goodridge
- College of Medicine, Respiratory Research Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.
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Paleari FG, Ertan I, Cavagnis L, Donato S. Family Resilience and Dyadic Coping during the Outbreak of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Italy: Their Protective Role in Hedonic and Eudaimonic Well-Being. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6719. [PMID: 37754580 PMCID: PMC10530876 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20186719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic outbreak has dramatically worsened people's psychological well-being. Our aim was to examine for the first time the concurrent and longitudinal relations of family resilience with hedonic and eudaimonic well-being, and the moderating role of socio-demographics. For people having a romantic partner, we also explored whether family resilience and dyadic coping were uniquely related to well-being. One cross-sectional study (N = 325) and one 10-week follow-up study (N = 112) were carried out during the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic (April-May 2020) in Northern Italy. Adult participants completed an online questionnaire in both studies. Correlation, multivariate regression, and moderation analyses were carried out with IBM SPSS version 28 and its PROCESS macro. Significance of differences in correlation and regression coefficients was tested through Steiger's procedure, Wald test, and SUEST method. Family resilience was found to relate more strongly to eudaimonic (versus hedonic) well-being concurrently and to hedonic (versus eudaimonic) well-being longitudinally. The concurrent or longitudinal relations with hedonic well-being were generally stronger for females, part-time workers, and people undergoing multiple stressors. For people having a romantic partner, family resilience was concurrently associated with well-being independently of dyadic coping, whereas dyadic coping was longitudinally related to well-being independently of family resilience. Family resilience was found to protect, in the short term, the psychological well-being of people facing the pandemic outbreak. Its protective role mainly concerned hedonic well-being and was more pronounced for more vulnerable people. For persons having a romantic partner, however, dyadic coping seemed to have equal, if not greater, positive short-term effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Giorgia Paleari
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Bergamo, 24129 Bergamo, Italy; (I.E.); (L.C.)
| | - Irem Ertan
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Bergamo, 24129 Bergamo, Italy; (I.E.); (L.C.)
| | - Lucrezia Cavagnis
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Bergamo, 24129 Bergamo, Italy; (I.E.); (L.C.)
| | - Silvia Donato
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 20123 Milan, Italy
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Flowers KM, Colebaugh CA, Hruschak V, Azizoddin DR, Meints SM, Jamison RN, Wilson JM, Edwards RR, Schreiber KL. Introversion, Extraversion, and Worsening of Chronic Pain Impact during Social Isolation: A Mediation Analysis. J Clin Psychol Med Settings 2023; 30:531-542. [PMID: 36076147 PMCID: PMC9458303 DOI: 10.1007/s10880-022-09901-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19 social distancing mandates increased social isolation, resulting in changes in pain severity and interference among individuals with chronic pain. Differences in personality (e.g., introversion/extraversion) may modulate responses to social isolation. We examined the influence of introversion on reported social distancing-related increases in pain interference and assessed for mediators of this relationship. Individuals with chronic pain (n = 150) completed validated questionnaires 4-8 weeks after implementation of social distancing mandates. Introversion/extraversion was measured using a subscale of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator and changes in pain and psychosocial variables were calculated by comparing participants' recalled and current scores. Association between introversion/extraversion and other variables were assessed using linear regression. A parallel mediation was used to examine mediators of the association between introversion and change in pain interference. Higher introversion was associated with a decrease in pain interference after social distancing (Rho = - .194, p = .017). Parallel mediation analysis revealed that the relationship between introversion/extraversion and change in pain interference was mediated by changes in sleep disturbance and depression, such that higher introversion was associated with less isolation-induced sleep disruption and depression, and thereby less worsening of pain interference. These findings suggest that personality factors such as introversion/extraversion should be considered when personalizing treatment of chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Mikayla Flowers
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 45 Francis St, MRB 611, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Carin A Colebaugh
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 45 Francis St, MRB 611, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Valerie Hruschak
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 45 Francis St, MRB 611, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Desiree R Azizoddin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychosocial Oncology and Palliative Care, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Samantha M Meints
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 45 Francis St, MRB 611, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Robert N Jamison
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 45 Francis St, MRB 611, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Jenna M Wilson
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 45 Francis St, MRB 611, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Robert R Edwards
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 45 Francis St, MRB 611, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Kristin L Schreiber
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 45 Francis St, MRB 611, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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Blank L, Hock E, Cantrell A, Baxter S, Goyder E. Exploring the relationship between working from home, mental and physical health and wellbeing: a systematic review. PUBLIC HEALTH RESEARCH 2023; 11:1-100. [PMID: 37452651 DOI: 10.3310/ahff6175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Understanding the impact of working from home on health and wellbeing is of great interest to employers and employees alike, with a strong need for up-to-date guidance. The aim of this systematic review was to identify, appraise and synthesise existing research evidence that explores the impact of home working on health and wellbeing outcomes for working people and health inequalities in the population. Methods We conducted a systematic review of qualitative, quantitative and observational studies. We searched databases, reference lists and UK grey literature and completed citation searching of included papers. We extracted and tabulated key data from the included papers and synthesised narratively. Factors associated with the health and wellbeing of people working at home reported in the literature were displayed by constructing mind maps of each individual factor which had been identified. The findings were combined with an a priori model to develop a final model, which was validated in consultation with stakeholders. Results Of 96 studies which were found to meet the inclusion criteria for the review, 30 studies were published before the COVID-19 pandemic and a further 66 were published during the pandemic. The quality of evidence was limited by the study designs employed by the authors, with the majority of studies being cross-sectional surveys (n = 59). For the most part, for studies which collected quantitative data, measures were self-reported. The largest volume of evidence identified consisted of studies conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic which looked at factors which influence the relationship between working from home and measures relating to mental health and wellbeing. Fifteen studies which considered the potential for working at home to have different effects for different subgroups suggested that working at home may have more negative consequences during the COVID-19 pandemic for women and in particular, mothers. There was very little evidence on age (two studies), ethnicity (one study), education or income (two studies) in terms of moderating home working effects, and very limited evidence from before the COVID-19 pandemic. The concept of enforced working from home and having 'no choice' was reported in only one paper prior to the pandemic and two papers reporting on working from home as a result of COVID-19. However, the concept of lack of choice around working from home was implicit in much of the literature - even though it was not directly measured. There were no clear patterns of wellbeing measures which changed from positive to negative association (or vice versa) during the pandemic. Limitations The quality of the evidence base was very much limited by study designs, particularly for studies published during the COVID-19 pandemic, with the majority of studies consisting of data collected by cross-sectional surveys (often online). Due to the rapidly expanding nature of the evidence on this topic, it is possible that new studies were published after the final citation searches were conducted. Discussion The evidence base for the factors which influence the relationship between home working and health-related outcomes has expanded significantly as a result of the need for those whose work could be done from home to work at home during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our findings suggest that there are factors relating to the external context, the role of employers and the circumstances of the employee which contribute to determining whether someone works at home and what the associated impacts on health and wellbeing may be. Learning from the COVID-19 lockdown experience will be important to inform future policy on home and hybrid working. Future work There is a need for better-quality studies of the health impact of home working, in particularly studies which recruit a range of participants who are representative of the working population and which are designed to minimise sampling/recruitment biases and response biases. Funding This project was funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Public Health Research programme (project reference 18/93 PHR Public Health Review Team) and will be published in full in Public Health Research; Vol. 11, No. 4. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information. The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NIHR or the Department of Health and Social Care. Study registration This study is registered as PROSPERO 2021 CRD42021253474.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay Blank
- School for Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Emma Hock
- School for Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Anna Cantrell
- School for Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Susan Baxter
- School for Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Elizabeth Goyder
- School for Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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Caycho-Rodríguez T, Vilca LW, Valencia PD, Carbajal-León C, Reyes-Bossio M, White M, Rojas-Jara C, Polanco-Carrasco R, Gallegos M, Cervigni M, Martino P, Palacios DA, Moreta-Herrera R, Samaniego-Pinho A, Lobos-Rivera ME, Buschiazzo Figares A, Puerta-Cortés DX, Corrales-Reyes IE, Calderón R, Franco Ferrari I, Flores-Mendoza C. Is the meaning of subjective well-being similar in Latin American countries? A cross-cultural measurement invariance study of the WHO-5 well-being index during the COVID-19 pandemic. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:102. [PMID: 37024964 PMCID: PMC10078082 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01149-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is an urgent need to assess changes in well-being on a multinational scale during the COVID-19 pandemic, thus culturally valid scales must be available. METHODS With this in mind, this study examined the invariance of the WHO well-being index (WHO-5) among a sample of 5183 people from 12 Latin Americans countries (Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Cuba, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, and Uruguay). RESULTS The results of the present study indicate that the WHO-5 is strictly invariant across samples from different Latin American countries. Furthermore, the results of the IRT analysis indicate that all items of the WHO-5 were highly discriminative and that the difficulty required to respond to each of the five items is ascending. Additionally, the results indicated the presence of moderate and small size differences in subjective well-being among most countries. CONCLUSION The WHO-5 is useful for assessing subjective well-being in 12 Latin American countries during the COVID-19 pandemic, since the differences between scores can be attributed to differences in well-being and not in other characteristics of the scale.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lindsey W Vilca
- South American Center for Education and Research in Public Health, Universidad Norbert Wiener, Lima, Peru
| | - Pablo D Valencia
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlanepantla de Baz, State of Mexico, Mexico
| | - Carlos Carbajal-León
- South American Center for Education and Research in Public Health, Universidad Norbert Wiener, Lima, Peru
| | - Mario Reyes-Bossio
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru
| | - Michel White
- Facultad de Ciencias Humanas y Educación, Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, Peru
| | - Claudio Rojas-Jara
- Departamento de Psicología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
| | | | - Miguel Gallegos
- Departamento de Psicología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
- Pontificia Universidade Católica de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Mauricio Cervigni
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Pablo Martino
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Ciencias del Comportamiento (LICIC), Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina
| | | | | | - Antonio Samaniego-Pinho
- Carrera de Psicología, Facultad de Filosofía, Universidad Nacional de Asunción, Asunción, Paraguay
| | - Marlon Elías Lobos-Rivera
- Escuela de Psicología, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad Tecnológica de El Salvador, San Salvador, El Salvador
| | | | | | - Ibraín Enrique Corrales-Reyes
- Servicio de Cirugía Maxilofacial, Hospital General Universitario Carlos Manuel de Céspedes, Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Granma, Bayamo, Granma, Cuba
| | - Raymundo Calderón
- Colegio Estatal de Psicólogos en Intervención de Jalisco A.C., Jalisco, Mexico
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Associations between reported post-COVID-19 symptoms and subjective well-being, Israel, July 2021 - April 2022. Epidemiol Infect 2023; 151:e16. [PMID: 36698161 PMCID: PMC9990392 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268822001996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The impact of individual symptoms reported post-COVID-19 on subjective well-being (SWB) is unknown. We described associations between SWB and selected reported symptoms following SARS-CoV-2 infection. We analysed reported symptoms and subjective well being from 2295 participants (of which 576 reporting previous infection) in an ongoing longitudinal cohort study taking place in Israel. We estimated changes in SWB associated with reported selected symptoms at three follow-up time points (3-6, 6-12 and 12-18 months post infection) among participants reporting previous SARS-CoV-2 infection, adjusted for key demographic variables, using linear regression. Our results suggest that the biggest and most sustained changes in SWB stems from non-specific symptoms (fatigue -7.7 percentage points (pp), confusion/ lack of concentration -10.7 pp, and sleep disorders -11.5pp, P < 0.005), whereas the effect of system-specific symptoms, such as musculoskeletal symptoms (weakness in muscles and muscle pain) on SWB, are less profound and more transient. Taking a similar approach for other symptoms and following individuals over time to describe trends in SWB changes attributable to specific symptoms will help understand the post-acute phase of COVID-19 and how it should be defined and better managed. Post-acute COVID19 symptoms were associated with a significant decrease in subjective well being up to 18 months after initial infection.
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Andersen JA, Rowland B, Gloster E, Willis DE, Hernandez N, Felix HC, Long CR, McElfish PA. Associations among Self-Reported Mental Health, Physical Activity, and Diet during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Nutr Health 2022; 28:711-719. [PMID: 35234099 PMCID: PMC8891903 DOI: 10.1177/02601060221082362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Background: Understanding the relationship between physical activity, diet, and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic may help inform resources encouraging healthy lifestyle choices during the time of an increased threat to health and wellbeing. Aim: Our objective was to examine how self-rated mental health was associated with engagement in physical activity and consumption of fruits and vegetables during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The study utilized cross-sectional survey data from adults (≥18 years of age) living, working, and/or receiving healthcare in Arkansas (n = 754). Multivariable regression models were used to examine the associations between self-rated mental health and the number of days respondents engaged in 30 min of physical activity and the number of days respondents consumed five or more servings of fruits and vegetables. Results: Respondents who reported somewhat poor/poor mental health reported engaging in at least 30 min of physical activity fewer days per week (β = -.77, p = .018) compared with those reporting excellent mental health, after controlling for sociodemographic factors and self-rated health. The significant association observed in the first two models between mental health and number of days consuming five or more servings of fruits and vegetables became non-significant after inclusion of self-rated health. Conclusion: The relationship between mental health and physical activity and diet reaffirms a need for healthcare providers to promote the importance of maintaining both a healthy physical activity level and a nutrient-rich diet in the face of challenging circumstances, such as a global pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A. Andersen
- College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical
Sciences Northwest, Fayetteville, AR
| | - Brett Rowland
- Office of Community Health and
Research, University of Arkansas for Medical
Sciences Northwest, Fayetteville, AR
| | - Erin Gloster
- Office of Community Health and
Research, University of Arkansas for Medical
Sciences Northwest, Fayetteville, AR
| | - Don E. Willis
- College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical
Sciences Northwest, Fayetteville, AR
| | - Nestor Hernandez
- Department of Sociology, University of
Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE
| | - Holly C. Felix
- Fay W. Boozman College of Public
Health, University of Arkansas for Medical
Sciences, Little Rock, AR
| | - Christopher R. Long
- College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical
Sciences Northwest, Fayetteville, AR
| | - Pearl A. McElfish
- College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical
Sciences Northwest, Fayetteville, AR
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de Girolamo G, Ferrari C, Candini V, Buizza C, Calamandrei G, Caserotti M, Gavaruzzi T, Girardi P, Habersaat KB, Lotto L, Scherzer M, Starace F, Tasso A, Zamparini M, Zarbo C. Psychological well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy assessed in a four-waves survey. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17945. [PMID: 36289273 PMCID: PMC9606283 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22994-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 pandemic had a negative impact on the mental health and well-being (WB) of citizens. This cross-sectional study included 4 waves of data collection aimed at identifying profiles of individuals with different levels of WB. The study included a representative stratified sample of 10,013 respondents in Italy. The WHO 5-item well-being scale (WHO-5) was used for the assessment of WB. Different supervised machine learning approaches (multinomial logistic regression, partial least-square discriminant analysis-PLS-DA-, classification tree-CT-) were applied to identify individual characteristics with different WB scores, first in waves 1-2 and, subsequently, in waves 3 and 4. Forty-one percent of participants reported "Good WB", 30% "Poor WB", and 28% "Depression". Findings carried out using multinomial logistic regression show that Resilience was the most important variable able for discriminating the WB across all waves. Through the PLS-DA, Increased Unhealthy Behaviours proved to be the more important feature in the first two waves, while Financial Situation gained most relevance in the last two. COVID-19 Perceived Risk was relevant, but less than the other variables, across all waves. Interestingly, using the CT we were able to establish a cut-off for Resilience (equal to 4.5) that discriminated good WB with a probability of 65% in wave 4. Concluding, we found that COVID-19 had negative implications for WB. Governments should support evidence-based strategies considering factors that influence WB (i.e., Resilience, Perceived Risk, Healthy Behaviours, and Financial Situation).
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni de Girolamo
- grid.419422.8Psychiatric Epidemiology and Evaluation Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni Di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Via Pilastroni 4, 25125 Brescia, Italy
| | - Clarissa Ferrari
- grid.419422.8Service of Statistics, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni Di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Valentina Candini
- grid.419422.8Psychiatric Epidemiology and Evaluation Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni Di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Via Pilastroni 4, 25125 Brescia, Italy
| | - Chiara Buizza
- grid.419422.8Psychiatric Epidemiology and Evaluation Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni Di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Via Pilastroni 4, 25125 Brescia, Italy
| | - Gemma Calamandrei
- grid.416651.10000 0000 9120 6856Centre for Behavioral Science and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore Di Sanità, Roma, Italy
| | - Marta Caserotti
- grid.5608.b0000 0004 1757 3470Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialization, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Teresa Gavaruzzi
- grid.5608.b0000 0004 1757 3470Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialization, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Paolo Girardi
- grid.5608.b0000 0004 1757 3470Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialization, University of Padova, Padova, Italy ,grid.5608.b0000 0004 1757 3470Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Katrine Bach Habersaat
- grid.420226.00000 0004 0639 2949World Health Organization, Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lorella Lotto
- grid.5608.b0000 0004 1757 3470Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialization, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Martha Scherzer
- grid.420226.00000 0004 0639 2949World Health Organization, Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Fabrizio Starace
- grid.476047.60000 0004 1756 2640Department of Mental Health and Drug Abuse, AUSL Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Alessandra Tasso
- grid.8484.00000 0004 1757 2064Department of Humanities, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Manuel Zamparini
- grid.419422.8Psychiatric Epidemiology and Evaluation Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni Di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Via Pilastroni 4, 25125 Brescia, Italy
| | - Cristina Zarbo
- grid.419422.8Psychiatric Epidemiology and Evaluation Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni Di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Via Pilastroni 4, 25125 Brescia, Italy
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12
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Thompson R, Hagen BNM, Lumley MN, Winder CB, Gohar B, Jones-Bitton A. Mental Health and Substance Use of Farmers in Canada during COVID-19. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13566. [PMID: 36294146 PMCID: PMC9602624 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Farmers in Canada faced higher levels of mental distress than the general public prior to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and are generally less likely than the public to seek help. However, the mental health impacts of COVID-19 on farmers in Canada remain unexplored. Our objective was to investigate mental health outcomes among farmers in Canada by gender and within the context of COVID-19. We conducted a national, online, cross-sectional survey of farmers in Canada (February-May 2021). The survey included validated scales of anxiety, depression, perceived stress, burnout (emotional exhaustion, cynicism, professional efficacy), alcohol use, resilience, and questions regarding participants' perceived changes in these outcomes during the pandemic. Data were also collected on the impact of COVID-19 specific social and economic factors on mental health, help-seeking, and sense of community belonging through the pandemic. Descriptive statistics were summarized, and Chi-square analyses and t-tests were conducted to compare survey results between genders and to data collected in our similar 2016 survey and normative population data. A total of 1167 farmers participated in the survey. Participants scored more severely across scales than scale norms and the general Canadian population during COVID-19. Scale means were consistent between the 2016 and 2021 samples. Most participants with moderate to severe scores for any outcome reported worsening symptoms since the pandemic began. Women fared significantly worse than men across measures. Over twice as many women reported seeking mental health or substance use support during the pandemic than men. Participants rated the mental health impacts of all social and economic factors related to COVID-19 examined significantly (p < 0.05) differently than the Canadian public. The pandemic has negatively impacted the mental health of farmers in Canada and in ways that differ from the general population. National level and gender-specific mental health supports are needed to help improve the mental health of farmers in Canada.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rochelle Thompson
- Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G2W1, Canada
| | - Briana N. M. Hagen
- Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G2W1, Canada
| | - Margaret N. Lumley
- Department of Psychology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G2W1, Canada
| | - Charlotte B. Winder
- Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G2W1, Canada
| | - Basem Gohar
- Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G2W1, Canada
- Department of Psychology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G2W1, Canada
| | - Andria Jones-Bitton
- Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G2W1, Canada
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Wilke J, Rahlf AL, Füzéki E, Groneberg DA, Hespanhol L, Mai P, de Oliveira GM, Robbin J, Tan B, Willwacher S, Hollander K, Pillay JD. Physical Activity During Lockdowns Associated with the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review and Multilevel Meta-analysis of 173 Studies with 320,636 Participants. SPORTS MEDICINE - OPEN 2022; 8:125. [PMID: 36219269 PMCID: PMC9551244 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-022-00515-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Many countries have restricted public life in order to contain the spread of the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV2). As a side effect of related measures, physical activity (PA) levels may have decreased. Objective We aimed (1) to quantify changes in PA and (2) to identify variables potentially predicting PA reductions. Methods A systematic review with random-effects multilevel meta-analysis was performed, pooling the standardized mean differences in PA measures before and during public life restrictions. Results A total of 173 trials with moderate methodological quality (modified Downs and Black checklist) were identified. Compared to pre-pandemic, total PA (SMD − 0.65, 95% CI − 1.10 to − 0.21) and walking (SMD − 0.52, 95% CI − 0.29 to − 0.76) decreased while sedentary behavior increased (SMD 0.91, 95% CI: 0.17 to 1.65). Reductions in PA affected all intensities (light: SMD − 0.35, 95% CI − 0.09 to − 0.61, p = .013; moderate: SMD − 0.33, 95% CI − 0.02 to − 0.6; vigorous: SMD − 0.33, − 0.08 to − 0.58, 95% CI − 0.08 to − 0.58) to a similar degree. Moderator analyses revealed no influence of variables such as sex, age, body mass index, or health status. However, the only continent without a PA reduction was Australia and cross-sectional trials yielded higher effect sizes (p < .05). Conclusion Public life restrictions associated with the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in moderate reductions in PA levels and large increases in sedentary behavior. Health professionals and policy makers should therefore join forces to develop strategies counteracting the adverse effects of inactivity. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40798-022-00515-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Wilke
- grid.7839.50000 0004 1936 9721Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Anna Lina Rahlf
- grid.449681.60000 0001 2111 1904Department of Sports Science, Institute of Health, Nutrition and Sports Science, Europa-Universität Flensburg, Flensburg, Germany
| | - Eszter Füzéki
- grid.7839.50000 0004 1936 9721Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - David A. Groneberg
- grid.7839.50000 0004 1936 9721Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Luiz Hespanhol
- grid.412268.b0000 0001 0298 4494Masters and Doctoral Programs in Physical Therapy, Universidade Cidade de São Paulo (UNICID), São Paulo, Brazil ,grid.509540.d0000 0004 6880 3010Amsterdam Collaboration on Health and Safety in Sports, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Centers – Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick Mai
- grid.27593.3a0000 0001 2244 5164Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopaedics, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany ,grid.440974.a0000 0001 2234 6983Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, Offenburg University of Applied Sciences, Offenburg, Germany
| | - Gabriela Martins de Oliveira
- grid.412268.b0000 0001 0298 4494Masters and Doctoral Programs in Physical Therapy, Universidade Cidade de São Paulo (UNICID), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Johanna Robbin
- grid.440974.a0000 0001 2234 6983Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, Offenburg University of Applied Sciences, Offenburg, Germany
| | - Benedict Tan
- grid.413815.a0000 0004 0469 9373Department of Sport and Exercise Medicine, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Steffen Willwacher
- grid.440974.a0000 0001 2234 6983Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, Offenburg University of Applied Sciences, Offenburg, Germany
| | - Karsten Hollander
- grid.461732.5Institute of Interdisciplinary Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Am Kaiserkai 1, 20457 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Julian David Pillay
- grid.412114.30000 0000 9360 9165Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
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14
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Baykal Akmeşe Z, Karaca Saydam B, Kardeş G. The Effects of Individualized Information and Emotional Support Education on Midwifery Students' Anxiety during the COVID-19 Pandemic. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:1376. [PMID: 36295537 PMCID: PMC9609796 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58101376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Midwifery students were not able to participate in internship programs and related practices during the COVID-19 pandemic. This kept them from meeting graduation requirements because they could not do the one-on-one observations for clinical case management. In this study, we aim to determine the effects of Individualized Information and Emotional Support Education (IESE) on the midwifery students' anxiety levels during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods: This is an experimental study with two stages. In the first stage, the researchers determined the anxiety levels of 268 students. In the second stage, 76 students with high levels of anxiety were provided with IESE. The IESE was conducted in interviews on online platforms and took a minimum of 60 min. The students' anxiety levels were measured again one week after the IESE. Results: Statistically significant differences were found between the students' State Anxiety Scale scores before and after the IESE (t = 8.756, p = 0.000). Before the IESE, 65.8% of the students had high anxiety levels about COVID-19-related disease or death, and the possibility of losing loved ones. After the education, this rate fell by 17.1% to 48.7%, and this difference was significant (χ2 = 5.077, p = 0.024). Conclusions: The IESE positively affected the students' anxiety levels. Even just showing interest can make people feel cared for and valued, and people are sensitive to their needs. After this study, 30 students with high anxiety levels were sent for consultation with an expert and have been followed up by researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehra Baykal Akmeşe
- Department of Midwifery, Karşıyaka Suat Cemile Balcıoğlu Yerleşkesi, Ege University Faculty of Health Science, Izmir 35575, Turkey
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15
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Huang Z, Tan PT, Kua Z, Ong LJ, Hamzah FBM, Tan B. Healthcare workers' self-regulatory eating behaviours are associated with being stress-free during the Covid-19 lockdown in Singapore. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16257. [PMID: 36171219 PMCID: PMC9518944 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19001-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Our study sought to examine the impact of the pandemic and the Circuit-breaker (CB) measures on dietary behaviours of healthcare workers (HCW). In addition, the association between self-regulatory eating behaviours and psychological stress was explored. Our study employed a cross-sectional anonymous survey that examined the demographics, dietary habits, self-regulatory eating behaviours (SR) and their association to stress levels of healthcare workers (HCWs) before and during the Circuit Breaker (CB) in Singapore. The survey was conducted over four weeks from May 17 to June 18, 2020. Snowball sampling was performed in the final week. A total of 707 participants took part in the survey. Due to the CB measures and modifications of work scope and work areas, there were significant changes in their dietary behaviors before CB versus during the CB period (n = 707), with many reducing the intake of vegetables (p = 0.018) while increasing their intake of unhealthy food choices such as canned drinks (p = 0.002), convenience food (p ≤ 0.001) and alcoholic drinks (p = 0.034). Before the CB period, 91.8% (602/656) of participants who intended to have a healthy diet were classified in medium-to-high SR groups whereas during the CB period, 87.7% (575/656) were in medium-to-high SR groups and the difference was statistically significant (p = 0.011). Nurses, administrative staff, HCWs of Chinese and Indian ethnicities, staff who did not complete university education and those who did not have domestic helpers were more likely to have reduced SR. Importantly, amongst participants who intended to have a healthy diet, 70.9% displayed no change or improved eating habits and showed medium-to-high levels of SR during CB. Participants with no changes in SR were 2.11 times more likely to be stress-free as compared to those who had deteriorated SR (OR 2.11 95% CI 1.27–3.48, p = 0.004). Due to CB measures and work modifications, dietary behaviours of HCWs deteriorated with increased intake of unhealthy food choices. HCWs who maintain their self-regulatory eating behaviour are more likely to be stress-free. Short screening questionnaires based on SR changes should be developed and explored as surveillance tools for assessment of HCWs’ general well-being such that personalized interventions to vulnerable groups of workers could be implemented effectively on the ground.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongwei Huang
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency of Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore. .,Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, National University Health Systems, NUHS Tower Block Level 12, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119228, Singapore. .,Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Pei Ting Tan
- Clinical Trials & Research Unit, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zaylea Kua
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Li Jiuen Ong
- Department of Dietetic and Food Services, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Benedict Tan
- Department of Sport & Exercise Medicine, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
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Rhim HC, Tenforde A, Mohr L, Hollander K, Vogt L, Groneberg DA, Wilke J. Association between physical activity and musculoskeletal pain: an analysis of international data from the ASAP survey. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e059525. [PMID: 36123076 PMCID: PMC9486184 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-059525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the association of physical activity (PA) with musculoskeletal pain (MSK pain). DESIGN Cross-sectional study SETTING: 14 countries (Argentina, Australia, Austria, Brazil, Chile, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Singapore, South Africa, Spain, Switzerland and the USA). PARTICIPANTS Individuals aged 18 or older. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES PA volumes were assessed with an adapted version of the Nordic Physical Activity Questionnaire-short. Prevalence of MSK pain was captured by means of a 20-item checklist of body locations. Based on the WHO recommendation on PA, participants were classified as non-compliers (0-150 min/week), compliers (150-300 min/week), double compliers (300-450 min/week), triple compliers (450-600 min/week), quadruple compliers (600-750 min/week), quintuple compliers (750-900 min/week) and top compliers (more than 900 min/week). Multivariate logistic regression was used to obtain adjusted ORs of the association between PA and MSK pain for each body location, correcting for age, sex, employment status and depression risk. RESULTS A total of 13 741 participants completed the survey. Compared with non-compliers, compliers had smaller odds of MSK pain in one location (thoracic pain, OR 0.77, 95% CI 0.64 to 0.93). Double compliance was associated with reduced pain occurrence in six locations (elbow, OR 0.70, 95% CI 0.50 to 0.98; forearm, OR 0.63, 95% CI 0.40 to 0.99; wrist, OR 0.74, 95% CI 0.57 to 0.98; hand, OR 0.57, 95% CI 0.40 to 0.79; fingers, OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.52 to 0.99; abdomen, OR 0.61, 95% CI 0.41 to 0.91). Triple to top compliance was also linked with lower odds of MSK pain (five locations in triple compliance, three in quadruple compliance, two in quintuple compliance, three in top compliance), but, at the same time, presented increased odds of MSK pain in some of the other locations. CONCLUSION A dose of 300-450 min WHO-equivalent PA/week was associated with lower odds of MSK pain in six body locations. On the other hand, excessive doses of PA were associated with higher odds of pain in certain body locations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Chang Rhim
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Adam Tenforde
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lisa Mohr
- Department of Sports Medicine and Exercise Physiology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Karsten Hollander
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lutz Vogt
- Department of Sports Medicine and Exercise Physiology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - David A Groneberg
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jan Wilke
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Department of Movement Sciences, University of Klagenfurt, Klagenfurt am Wörthersee, Austria
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17
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Shanthanna H, Nelson AM, Kissoon N, Narouze S. The COVID-19 pandemic and its consequences for chronic pain: a narrative review. Anaesthesia 2022; 77:1039-1050. [PMID: 35848380 PMCID: PMC9350079 DOI: 10.1111/anae.15801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic transformed everyday life, but the implications were most impactful for vulnerable populations, including patients with chronic pain. Moreover, persistent pain is increasingly recognised as a key manifestation of long COVID. This narrative review explores the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic for chronic pain. Publications were identified related to the COVID-19 pandemic influence on the burden of chronic pain, development of new-onset pain because of long COVID with proposed mechanisms and COVID-19 vaccines and pain interventions. Broadly, mechanisms underlying pain due to SARS-CoV-2 infection could be caused by 'systemic inflammatory-immune mechanisms', 'direct neuropathic mechanisms' or 'secondary mechanisms due to the viral infection or treatment'. Existing chronic pain populations were variably impacted and social determinants of health appeared to influence the degree of effect. SARS-CoV-2 infection increased the absolute numbers of patients with pain and headache. In the acute phase, headache as a presenting symptom predicted a milder course. New-onset chronic pain was reportedly common and likely involves multiple mechanisms; however, its prevalence decreases over time and symptoms appear to fluctuate. Patients requiring intensive support were particularly susceptible to long COVID symptoms. Some evidence suggests steroid exposure (often used for pain interventions) may affect vaccine efficacy, but there is no evidence of clinical repercussions to date. Although existing chronic pain management could help with symptomatic relief, there is a need to advance research focusing on mechanism-based treatments within the domain of multidisciplinary care.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Shanthanna
- Department of Anesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - A M Nelson
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Care, University of California Irvine, Orange, CA, USA
| | - N Kissoon
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - S Narouze
- Center for Pain Medicine, Western Reserve Hospital, Cuyahoga Falls, OH, USA
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Caycho-Rodríguez T, Tomás JM, Valencia PD, Ventura-León J, Vilca LW, Carbajal-León C, Reyes-Bossio M, White M, Rojas-Jara C, Polanco-Carrasco R, Gallegos M, Cervigni M, Martino P, Palacios DA, Moreta-Herrera R, Samaniego-Pinho A, Rivera MEL, Figares AB, Puerta-Cortés DX, Corrales-Reyes IE, Calderón R, Tapia BP, Ferrari IF, Flores-Mendoza C, Vivanco-Vidal A, Saroli-Araníbar D. COVID-19 anxiety, psychological well-being and preventive behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic in Latin America and the Caribbean: relationships and explanatory model. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03389-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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19
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Symanzik C, Hagel C, Hotfiel T, Engelhardt M, John SM, Grim C. Influence of physical activity on well-being at times of the COVID-19 pandemic: a review. SPORTS ORTHOPAEDICS AND TRAUMATOLOGY 2022. [PMCID: PMC9000188 DOI: 10.1016/j.orthtr.2022.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Background Physical activity (PA) has been shown to be advantageous to one's health. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown measures have reportedly led to substantial decrease of PA and to drastic reduction of well-being (WB). In light of this, the purpose of this review was to assess the impact of PA on WB during the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and Methods In May 2021, Literature search was conducted in Pubmed/Medline. The eligible publication period was one year from the search date. Results Synthesis of results from eight publications reporting on data from around 100 countries showed that PA positively influences diverse dimensions of the multivariate construct of WB, all of them relating to mental health. Young adults and women showed lowest PA concomitant with lowest self-reported WB. Conclusions Reduced PA levels resulted in lower WB levels, which might have a negative impact on mental health. Forthcoming, initiatives will be needed to facilitate PA – ideally whilst promoting joy of moving – in consideration of pandemic circumstances. By this means it will be possible to effectively promote WB and to prevent arising mental health issues. The current findings are fundamental to develop suitable approaches to improve PA in pandemic situations.
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20
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Wilke J, Mohr L, Yuki G, Bhundoo AK, Jiménez-Pavón D, Laiño F, Murphy N, Novak B, Nuccio S, Ortega-Gómez S, Pillay JD, Richter F, Rum L, Sanchez-Ramírez C, Url D, Vogt L, Hespanhol L. Train at home, but not alone: a randomised controlled multicentre trial assessing the effects of live-streamed tele-exercise during COVID-19-related lockdowns. Br J Sports Med 2022; 56:667-675. [PMID: 35168957 PMCID: PMC8861875 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2021-104994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Public life restrictions associated with the COVID-19 pandemic caused reductions in physical activity (PA) and decreases in mental and somatic health. Considering the interplay between these factors, we investigated the effects of digital home exercise (DHE) during government-enforced lockdowns. METHODS A multicentre randomised controlled trial was performed allocating healthy individuals from nine countries (N=763; 523 female) to a DHE or an inactive control group. During the 4-week main intervention, DHE members engaged in live-streamed multicomponent home exercise. Subsequently, both groups had access to prerecorded workouts for an additional 4 weeks. Outcomes, assessed weekly, included PA level (Nordic Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short), anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7), mental well-being (WHO-5 Questionnaire), sleep quality (Medical Outcome Study Sleep Scale), pain/disability (Chronic Pain Grade Scale) and exercise motivation (Self-Concordance Scale). Mixed models were used for analysis. RESULTS Live-streamed DHE consistently increased moderate PA (eg, week 1: 1.65 times more minutes per week, 95% CI 1.40 to 1.94) and vigorous PA (eg, week 1: 1.31 times more minutes per week, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.61), although the effects decreased over time. In addition, exercise motivation, sleep quality and anxiety were slightly improved for DHE in the 4-week live streaming period. The same applied to mental well-being (mean difference at week 4: +0.99, 95% CI 0.13 to 1.86), but an inverted trend was observed after live streaming was substituted by prerecorded exercise. CONCLUSIONS Live-streamed DHE represents an efficacious method to enhance PA and selected markers of health during pandemic-related public life restrictions. However, research on implementation is warranted to reduce dropout rates. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER DRKS00021273.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Wilke
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Lisa Mohr
- Department of Sports Medicine and Exercise Physiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Gustavo Yuki
- Masters and Doctoral Programs in Physical Therapy, Universidade Cidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adelle Kemlall Bhundoo
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
| | - David Jiménez-Pavón
- MOVE-IT Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences and Biomedical Research Innovation Institute of Cádiz, University of Cádiz, CIBERFES, Cádiz, Spain, Cadiz, Spain
- ImFine Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid; Exercise is Medicine, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Laiño
- Fundación Instituto Superior de Ciencias de la Salud, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Niamh Murphy
- Department of Sport and Exercise Science, Waterford Institute of Technology, Waterford, Ireland
| | - Bernhard Novak
- Institute of Human Movement Science, Sport and Health, Karl-Franzens-Universitat Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Stefano Nuccio
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Sonia Ortega-Gómez
- MOVE-IT Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences and Biomedical Research Innovation Institute of Cádiz, University of Cádiz, CIBERFES, Cádiz, Spain, Cadiz, Spain
- ImFine Research Group, Department of Health and Human Performance, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid; Exercise is Medicine, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julian David Pillay
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa
| | - Falk Richter
- Department of Sports Medicine and Exercise Physiology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Lorenzo Rum
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Celso Sanchez-Ramírez
- Sciences of Physical Activity, Sports and Health School, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - David Url
- Institute of Human Movement Science, Sport and Health, Karl-Franzens-Universitat Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Lutz Vogt
- Department of Sports Medicine and Exercise Physiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Luiz Hespanhol
- Masters and Doctoral Programs in Physical Therapy, Universidade Cidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Public and Occupational Health and the Amsterdam Public Health research institute, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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21
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Rass V, Ianosi BA, Zamarian L, Beer R, Sahanic S, Lindner A, Kofler M, Schiefecker AJ, Mahlknecht P, Heim B, Limmert V, Sonnweber T, Pizzini A, Tymoszuk P, Scherfler C, Djamshidian A, Kiechl S, Tancevski I, Seppi K, Pfausler B, Loeffler-Ragg J, Helbok R. Factors associated with impaired quality of life three months after being diagnosed with COVID-19. Qual Life Res 2022; 31:1401-1414. [PMID: 34580823 PMCID: PMC8476326 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-021-02998-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess patient characteristics associated with health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) and its mental and physical subcategories 3 months after diagnosis with COVID-19. METHODS In this prospective multicentre cohort study, HR-QoL was assessed in 90 patients using the SF-36 questionnaire (36-item Short Form Health Survey), which consists of 8 health domains that can be divided into a mental and physical health component. Mental health symptoms including anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorders were evaluated using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist-5 (PCL-5) 3 months after COVID-19. Using descriptive statistics and multivariable regression analysis, we identified factors associated with impaired HR-QoL 3 months after COVID-19 diagnosis. RESULTS Patients were 55 years of age (IQR, 49-63; 39% women) and were classified as severe (23%), moderate (57%), or mild (20%) according to acute disease severity. HR-QoL was impaired in 28/90 patients (31%). Younger age [per year, adjOR (95%CI) 0.94 (0.88-1.00), p = 0.049], longer hospitalization [per day, adjOR (95%CI) 1.07 (1.01-1.13), p = 0.015], impaired sleep [adjOR (95%CI) 5.54 (1.2-25.61), p = 0.028], and anxiety [adjOR (95%CI) 15.67 (3.03-80.99), p = 0.001) were independently associated with impaired HR-QoL. Twenty-nine percent (n = 26) scored below the normal range on the mental health component of the SF-36 and independent associations emerged for anxiety, depression, and self-reported numbness. Impairments in the physical health component of the SF-36 were reported by 12 (13%) patients and linked to hypogeusia and fatigue. CONCLUSION Every third patient reported a reduction in HR-QoL 3 months after COVID-19 diagnosis and impairments were more prominent in mental than physical well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Rass
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Bogdan-Andrei Ianosi
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Laura Zamarian
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ronny Beer
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sabina Sahanic
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Anna Lindner
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Mario Kofler
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Alois Josef Schiefecker
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Philipp Mahlknecht
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Beatrice Heim
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Victoria Limmert
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Thomas Sonnweber
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Alex Pizzini
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Piotr Tymoszuk
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christoph Scherfler
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Atbin Djamshidian
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Stefan Kiechl
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ivan Tancevski
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Klaus Seppi
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Bettina Pfausler
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Judith Loeffler-Ragg
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Raimund Helbok
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Panicheva P, Mararitsa L, Sorokin S, Koltsova O, Rosso P. Predicting subjective well-being in a high-risk sample of Russian mental health app users. EPJ DATA SCIENCE 2022; 11:21. [PMID: 35402139 PMCID: PMC8978494 DOI: 10.1140/epjds/s13688-022-00333-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Despite recent achievements in predicting personality traits and some other human psychological features with digital traces, prediction of subjective well-being (SWB) appears to be a relatively new task with few solutions. COVID-19 pandemic has added both a stronger need for rapid SWB screening and new opportunities for it, with online mental health applications gaining popularity and accumulating large and diverse user data. Nevertheless, the few existing works so far have aimed at predicting SWB, and have done so only in terms of Diener's Satisfaction with Life Scale. None of them analyzes the scale developed by the World Health Organization, known as WHO-5 - a widely accepted tool for screening mental well-being and, specifically, for depression risk detection. Moreover, existing research is limited to English-speaking populations, and tend to use text, network and app usage types of data separately. In the current work, we cover these gaps by predicting both mentioned SWB scales on a sample of Russian mental health app users who represent a population with high risk of mental health problems. In doing so, we employ a unique combination of phone application usage data with private messaging and networking digital traces from VKontakte, the most popular social media platform in Russia. As a result, we predict Diener's SWB scale with the state-of-the-art quality, introduce the first predictive models for WHO-5, with similar quality, and reach high accuracy in the prediction of clinically meaningful classes of the latter scale. Moreover, our feature analysis sheds light on the interrelated nature of the two studied scales: they are both characterized by negative sentiment expressed in text messages and by phone application usage in the morning hours, confirming some previous findings on subjective well-being manifestations. At the same time, SWB measured by Diener's scale is reflected mostly in lexical features referring to social and affective interactions, while mental well-being is characterized by objective features that reflect physiological functioning, circadian rhythms and somatic conditions, thus saliently demonstrating the underlying theoretical differences between the two scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polina Panicheva
- Laboratory for Social and Cognitive Informatics, HSE University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Larisa Mararitsa
- Laboratory for Social and Cognitive Informatics, HSE University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Humanteq, Moscow, Russia
| | - Semen Sorokin
- Laboratory for Social and Cognitive Informatics, HSE University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Olessia Koltsova
- Laboratory for Social and Cognitive Informatics, HSE University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Paolo Rosso
- Pattern Recognition and Human Language Technology Research Center, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
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23
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Rass V, Beer R, Schiefecker AJ, Lindner A, Kofler M, Ianosi B, Mahlknecht P, Heim B, Peball M, Carbone F, Limmert V, Kindl P, Putnina L, Fava E, Sahanic S, Sonnweber T, Löscher WN, Wanschitz JV, Zamarian L, Djamshidian A, Tancevski I, Weiss G, Bellmann-Weiler R, Kiechl S, Seppi K, Loeffler-Ragg J, Pfausler B, Helbok R. Neurological outcomes one year after COVID-19 diagnosis: a prospective longitudinal cohort study. Eur J Neurol 2022; 29:1685-1696. [PMID: 35239247 PMCID: PMC9111823 DOI: 10.1111/ene.15307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neurological sequelae from COVID-19 may persist after recovery from acute infection. Here, we aimed to describe the natural history of neurological manifestations over one year after COVID-19. METHODS We performed a prospective, multicentre, longitudinal cohort study in COVID-19 survivors. At 3-month and 1-year follow-up, patients were assessed for neurological impairments by a neurological examination and a standardized test battery including the assessment of hyposmia (16-item Sniffin-Sticks-test, SS-16), cognitive deficits (Montreal Cognitive Assessment<26), and mental health (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist-5). RESULTS Eighty-one patients were evaluated one year after COVID-19, out of which 76/81 (94%) patients completed 3-month and 1-year follow-up. Patients were 54 (47-64) years old and 59% were male. New and persistent neurological disorders were found in 15% (3-months) and 12% (10/81; 1-year). Symptoms at 1-year follow-up were reported by 48/81 (59%) patients, including fatigue (38%), concentration difficulties (25%), forgetfulness (25%), sleep disturbances (22%), myalgia (17%), limb weakness (17%), headache (16%), impaired sensation (16%), and hyposmia (15%). Neurological examination revealed findings in 52/81 (64%) patients without improvement over time (3-months: 61%, p=0.230) including hyposmia (SS-16<13; 51%). Cognitive deficits were apparent in 18%, whereas depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorders were diagnosed in 6%, 29%, and 10% one year after infection, respectively. These mental and cognitive disorders did not improve since 3-month follow-up (all p>0.05). CONCLUSION Our data indicate that a significant patient number still suffer from neurological sequelae including neuropsychiatric symptoms one year after COVID-19 calling for interdisciplinary management of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Rass
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ronny Beer
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Alois Josef Schiefecker
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Anna Lindner
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Mario Kofler
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Bogdan Ianosi
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Philipp Mahlknecht
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Beatrice Heim
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Marina Peball
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Federico Carbone
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Victoria Limmert
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Philipp Kindl
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Lauma Putnina
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Elena Fava
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sabina Sahanic
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Thomas Sonnweber
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Wolfgang N Löscher
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Julia V Wanschitz
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Laura Zamarian
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Atbin Djamshidian
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ivan Tancevski
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Günter Weiss
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Rosa Bellmann-Weiler
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Stefan Kiechl
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Klaus Seppi
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Judith Loeffler-Ragg
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Bettina Pfausler
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Raimund Helbok
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
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24
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Platts K, Breckon J, Marshall E. Enforced home-working under lockdown and its impact on employee wellbeing: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:199. [PMID: 35093054 PMCID: PMC8800406 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-12630-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Covid-19 pandemic precipitated a shift in the working practices of millions of people. Nearly half the British workforce (47%) reported to be working at home under lockdown in April 2020. This study investigated the impact of enforced home-working under lockdown on employee wellbeing via markers of stress, burnout, depressive symptoms, and sleep. Moderating effects of factors including age, gender, number of dependants, mental health status and work status were examined alongside work-related factors including work-life conflict and leadership quality. Method Cross-sectional data were collected over a 12-week period from May to August 2020 using an online survey. Job-related and wellbeing factors were measured using items from the COPSOQIII. Stress, burnout, somatic stress, cognitive stress, and sleep trouble were tested together using MANOVA and MANCOVA to identify mediating effects. T-tests and one-way ANOVA identified differences in overall stress. Regression trees identified groups with highest and lowest levels of stress and depressive symptoms. Results 81% of respondents were working at home either full or part-time (n = 623, 62% female). Detrimental health impacts of home-working during lockdown were most acutely experienced by those with existing mental health conditions regardless of age, gender, or work status, and were exacerbated by working regular overtime. In those without mental health conditions, predictors of stress and depressive symptoms were being female, under 45 years, home-working part-time and two dependants, though men reported greater levels of work-life conflict. Place and pattern of work had a greater impact on women. Lower leadership quality was a significant predictor of stress and burnout for both men and women, and, for employees aged > 45 years, had significant impact on level of depressive symptoms experienced. Conclusions Experience of home-working under lockdown varies amongst groups. Knowledge of these differences provide employers with tools to better manage employee wellbeing during periods of crisis. While personal factors are not controllable, the quality of leadership provided to employees, and the ‘place and pattern’ of work, can be actively managed to positive effect. Innovative flexible working practices will help to build greater workforce resilience.
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25
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Shen X, MacDonald M, Logan SW, Parkinson C, Gorrell L, Hatfield BE. Leisure Engagement during COVID-19 and Its Association with Mental Health and Wellbeing in U.S. Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:1081. [PMID: 35162106 PMCID: PMC8834183 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Leisure engagement has risen as a salient societal issue during the COVID-19 pandemic, not only because it provides a pathway for people to continue meeting their physical, cognitive, and social-emotional needs, but also due to the phenomenal juxtaposition of general increases in leisure time and unparalleled constraints. This study reports the results of the first investigation of U.S. adults' overall leisure engagement and its association with mental health amidst the major disruptions and sustained stress of the COVID-19 pandemic. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected through an online survey in February 2021 through Prolific from a sample representative of the U.S. adult population in age, gender, and race (n = 503) and analyzed using a mixed-method approach. A total of 104 unique leisure activities in 19 categories and 3 domains were identified through iterative thematic coding. Participants reported general increases in home-based traditional leisure and digital/online activities and decreases in physical and nature-based activities. Multiple regression analyses controlling for socio-demographic and context-specific covariates revealed distinct associations between changes in leisure engagement and different aspects of mental health (perceived stress, depressive symptoms, and mental wellbeing), supporting leisure's dual role in facilitating stress alleviation and wellbeing enhancement during taxing events, such as COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyou Shen
- Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, College of Forestry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; (C.P.); (L.G.)
| | - Megan MacDonald
- College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; (M.M.); (S.W.L.); (B.E.H.)
| | - Samuel W. Logan
- College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; (M.M.); (S.W.L.); (B.E.H.)
| | - Colby Parkinson
- Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, College of Forestry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; (C.P.); (L.G.)
| | - Lydia Gorrell
- Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, College of Forestry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; (C.P.); (L.G.)
| | - Bridget E. Hatfield
- College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; (M.M.); (S.W.L.); (B.E.H.)
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26
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Acceptance of Digital Sports: A Study Showing the Rising Acceptance of Digital Health Activities Due to the SARS-CoV-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19010596. [PMID: 35010849 PMCID: PMC8744845 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19010596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In pandemic times, the possibilities for conventional sports activities are severely limited; many sports facilities are closed or can only be used with restrictions. To counteract this lack of health activities and social exchange, people are increasingly adopting new digital sports solutions—a behavior change that had already started with the trend towards fitness apps and activity trackers. Existing research suggests that digital solutions increase the motivation to move and stay active. This work further investigates the potentials of digital sports incorporating the dimensions gender and preference for team sports versus individual sports. The study focuses on potential users, who were mostly younger professionals and academics. The results show that the SARS-CoV-19 pandemic had a significant negative impact on sports activity, particularly on persons preferring team sports. To compensate, most participants use more digital sports than before, and there is a positive correlation between the time spent physically active during the pandemic and the increase in motivation through digital sports. Nevertheless, there is still considerable skepticism regarding the potential of digital sports solutions to increase the motivation to do sports, increase performance, or raise a sense of team spirit when done in groups.
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Zach S, Eilat-Adar S, Ophir M, Dotan A. Differences in the Association between Physical Activity and People's Resilience and Emotions during Two Consecutive Covid-19 Lockdowns in Israel. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:13217. [PMID: 34948825 PMCID: PMC8701463 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182413217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Governments worldwide have imposed harsh restrictions for decreasing the Covid-19 pandemic and maintaining public health. Yet such limitations have impacted people's physical activity. This study examined relationships between changes in physical activity and resilience, emotions, and depression during two lockdowns in Israel. An online survey was completed twice by 135 participants during two consecutive lockdowns. The results indicate that resilience and positive emotions were higher, and negative emotions and depression were lower during the second lockdown compared to the first one-even though people spent less time performing physical activity in the later lockdown. Moreover, negative emotions significantly decreased among people who reported increased physical activity during the second lockdown [M = 2.2 (SD = 0.9) compared to M = 1.9 (SD = 0.8) on a scale of 1-5] and increased among those who reported a reduction in activity [M = 1.8 (SD = 0.7) compared to M = 2.2 (SD = 0.7)]. It could therefore be concluded that while the Israeli population's resilience is higher compared to other populations (who do not regularly deal with crisis situations), their increased physical activity was associated with better resilience and emotions and lower depression scores. Since lockdowns are an extreme yet often repeated phenomenon, it is important to understand the psychological implications of engaging in physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sima Zach
- Correspondence: (S.Z.); (S.E.-A.); Tel.: +972-54-44-00029 or +972-09-8639307 (S.E.-A.)
| | - Sigal Eilat-Adar
- Correspondence: (S.Z.); (S.E.-A.); Tel.: +972-54-44-00029 or +972-09-8639307 (S.E.-A.)
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The influence of sex, gender, age, and ethnicity on psychosocial factors and substance use throughout phases of the COVID-19 pandemic. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0259676. [PMID: 34807908 PMCID: PMC8608308 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic has had profound physical and mental health effects on populations around the world. Limited empirical research has used a gender-based lens to evaluate the mental health impacts of the pandemic, overlooking the impact of public health measures on marginalized groups, such as women, and the gender diverse community. This study used a gender-based analysis to determine the prevalence of psychosocial symptoms and substance use (alcohol and cannabis use in particular) by age, ethnicity, income, rurality, education level, Indigenous status, and sexual orientation. METHODS Participants in the study were recruited from previously established cohorts as a part of the COVID-19 Rapid Evidence Study of a Provincial Population-Based Cohort for Gender and Sex (RESPPONSE) study. Those who agreed to participate were asked to self-report symptoms of depression, anxiety, pandemic stress, loneliness, alcohol use, and cannabis use across five phases of the pandemic as well as retrospectively before the pandemic. RESULTS For all psychosocial outcomes, there was a significant effect of time with all five phases of the pandemic being associated with more symptoms of depression, anxiety, stress, and loneliness relative to pre-COVID levels (p < .0001). Gender was significantly associated with all outcomes (p < .0001) with men exhibiting lower scores (i.e., fewer symptoms) than women and gender diverse participants, and women exhibiting lower scores than the gender diverse group. Other significant predictors were age (younger populations experiencing more symptoms, p < .0001), ethnicity (Chinese/Taiwanese individuals experiencing fewer symptoms, p = .005), and Indigenous status (Indigenous individuals experiencing more symptoms, p < .0001). Alcohol use and cannabis use increased relative to pre-pandemic levels, and women reported a greater increase in cannabis use than men (p < .0001). CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight the need for policy makers and leaders to prioritize women, gender-diverse individuals, and young people when tailoring public health measures for future pandemics.
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Bohlen L, Shaw R, Cerritelli F, Esteves JE. Osteopathy and Mental Health: An Embodied, Predictive, and Interoceptive Framework. Front Psychol 2021; 12:767005. [PMID: 34777176 PMCID: PMC8578726 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.767005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, mental and musculoskeletal disorders present with high prevalence, disease burden, and comorbidity. In order to improve the quality of care for patients with persistent physical and comorbid mental health conditions, person-centered care approaches addressing psychosocial factors are currently advocated. Central to successful person-centered care is a multidisciplinary collaboration between mental health and musculoskeletal specialists underpinned by a robust therapeutic alliance. Such a collaborative approach might be found in osteopathy, which is typically utilized to treat patients with musculoskeletal disorders but may arguably also benefit mental health outcomes. However, research and practice exploring the reputed effect of osteopathy on patients with mental health problems lack a robust framework. In this hypothesis and theory article, we build upon research from embodied cognition, predictive coding, interoception, and osteopathy to propose an embodied, predictive and interoceptive framework that underpins osteopathic person-centered care for individuals with persistent physical and comorbid mental health problems. Based on the premise that, for example, chronic pain and comorbid depression are underlined by overly precise predictions or imprecise sensory information, we hypothesize that osteopathic treatment may generate strong interoceptive prediction errors that update the generative model underpinning the experience of pain and depression. Thus, physical and mental symptoms may be reduced through active and perceptual inference. We discuss how these theoretical perspectives can inform future research into osteopathy and mental health to reduce the burden of comorbid psychological factors in patients with persistent physical symptoms and support person-centered multidisciplinary care in mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Bohlen
- Osteopathic Research Institute, Osteopathie Schule Deutschland, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Robert Shaw
- Scandinavian College of Osteopathy, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine (ARCCIM), University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Francesco Cerritelli
- Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine (ARCCIM), University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
- Clinical-based Human Research Department, Foundation COME Collaboration, Pescara, Italy
| | - Jorge E. Esteves
- Clinical-based Human Research Department, Foundation COME Collaboration, Pescara, Italy
- Research Department, University College of Osteopathy, London, United Kingdom
- International College of Osteopathic Medicine, Malta, Italy
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Andersen JA, Rowland B, Gloster E, McElfish PA. Telehealth Utilization During COVID-19 Among People with Diagnosed Mental Health Conditions. Telemed J E Health 2021; 28:743-746. [PMID: 34515529 PMCID: PMC9127827 DOI: 10.1089/tmj.2021.0356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Despite the potential benefits and the demonstrated uptake throughout the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, studies have found that telemental health is still underused. The objective of the study was to explore the associations between mental health diagnoses and telehealth utilization during the pandemic. Methods: The study utilized a cross-sectional survey among adult Arkansans (n = 754). Logistic regression was used to determine the association between a diagnosis of anxiety and/or depression and telehealth utilization. Results: Forty-two percent of respondents reported utilizing telehealth during the pandemic. Respondents with a diagnosis of anxiety and/or depression had three times greater odds of utilizing telehealth (odds ratio = 2.97) than those with no diagnoses. Discussion: Utilization of telehealth care during the COVID-19 pandemic was lower in our sample compared with other nationally representative surveys; however, utilization was higher among people with a diagnosis of anxiety and/or depression. Conclusions: The results indicate the need for outreach to increase telehealth utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A Andersen
- College of Medicine, and University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Northwest, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
| | - Brett Rowland
- Office of Community Health and Research, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Northwest, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
| | - Erin Gloster
- Office of Community Health and Research, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Northwest, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
| | - Pearl A McElfish
- College of Medicine, and University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Northwest, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
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