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Yadeta W, Amosun E, Mohammed H, Woldemedhin W, Sherefa K, Legesse A, Deresse G, Birhanu K, Abayneh T, Getachew B, Farnós O, Kamen AA, Gelaye E. Isolation and Genetic Characterization of Genotype VII Velogenic Pathotype Newcastle Disease Virus from Commercial Chicken Farms in Central Ethiopia, Distinct from the Local Vaccine Strains. Viruses 2024; 16:1249. [PMID: 39205223 PMCID: PMC11360104 DOI: 10.3390/v16081249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Revised: 07/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Newcastle disease (ND) is caused by virulent strains of avian paramyxovirus type 1, also known as Newcastle disease virus (NDV). Despite vaccination, the frequency of reported outbreaks in Ethiopia has increased. From January to June 2022, an active outbreak investigation was conducted in six commercial chicken farms across areas of central Ethiopia to identify the circulating NDV strains. Thirty pooled tissue specimens were collected from chickens suspected of being infected with NDV. A questionnaire survey of farm owners and veterinarians was also carried out to collect information on the farms and the outbreak status. NDV was isolated using specific-pathogen-free (SPF)-embryonated chicken eggs and detected using haemagglutination and the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The genotype and virulence of field NDV isolates were determined using phylogenetic analysis of fusion (F) protein gene sequences and the mean death time (MDT) test in SPF-embryonated chicken eggs. The questionnaire results revealed that ND caused morbidity (23.1%), mortality (16.3%), case fatality (70.8%), and significant economic losses. Eleven of thirty tissue specimens tested positive for NDV using haemagglutination and RT-PCR. The MDT testing and sequence analysis revealed the presence of virulent NDV classified as genotype VII of class II velogenic pathotype and distinct from locally used vaccine strains (genotype II). The amino acid sequences of the current virulent NDV fusion protein cleavage site motif revealed 112RRQKR↓F117, unlike the locally used avirulent vaccine strains (112GRQGR↓L117). The epidemiological data, MDT results, cleavage site sequence, and phylogenetic analysis all indicated that the present NDV isolates were virulent. The four NDV sequences were deposited in GenBank with accession numbers F gene (PP726912-15) and M gene (PP726916-19). The genetic difference between avirulent vaccine strains and circulating virulent NDV could explain the low level of protection provided by locally used vaccines. Further studies are needed to better understand the circulating NDV genotypes in different production systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waktole Yadeta
- School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Jimma University, Jimma P.O. Box 307, Ethiopia
- Pan African University, Life and Earth Sciences Institute, University of Ibadan, Ibadan P.O. Box 200005, Nigeria
| | - Elizabeth Amosun
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan P.O. Box 200005, Nigeria;
| | - Hawa Mohammed
- Research and Development Directorate, National Veterinary Institute, Bishoftu P.O. Box 19, Ethiopia; (H.M.); (W.W.); (K.S.); (A.L.); (G.D.); (K.B.); (T.A.); (B.G.)
| | - Wubet Woldemedhin
- Research and Development Directorate, National Veterinary Institute, Bishoftu P.O. Box 19, Ethiopia; (H.M.); (W.W.); (K.S.); (A.L.); (G.D.); (K.B.); (T.A.); (B.G.)
| | - Kedir Sherefa
- Research and Development Directorate, National Veterinary Institute, Bishoftu P.O. Box 19, Ethiopia; (H.M.); (W.W.); (K.S.); (A.L.); (G.D.); (K.B.); (T.A.); (B.G.)
| | - Abinet Legesse
- Research and Development Directorate, National Veterinary Institute, Bishoftu P.O. Box 19, Ethiopia; (H.M.); (W.W.); (K.S.); (A.L.); (G.D.); (K.B.); (T.A.); (B.G.)
| | - Getaw Deresse
- Research and Development Directorate, National Veterinary Institute, Bishoftu P.O. Box 19, Ethiopia; (H.M.); (W.W.); (K.S.); (A.L.); (G.D.); (K.B.); (T.A.); (B.G.)
| | - Kenaw Birhanu
- Research and Development Directorate, National Veterinary Institute, Bishoftu P.O. Box 19, Ethiopia; (H.M.); (W.W.); (K.S.); (A.L.); (G.D.); (K.B.); (T.A.); (B.G.)
| | - Takele Abayneh
- Research and Development Directorate, National Veterinary Institute, Bishoftu P.O. Box 19, Ethiopia; (H.M.); (W.W.); (K.S.); (A.L.); (G.D.); (K.B.); (T.A.); (B.G.)
| | - Belayneh Getachew
- Research and Development Directorate, National Veterinary Institute, Bishoftu P.O. Box 19, Ethiopia; (H.M.); (W.W.); (K.S.); (A.L.); (G.D.); (K.B.); (T.A.); (B.G.)
| | - Omar Farnós
- Viral Vectors and Vaccines Bioprocessing Group, Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada; (O.F.); (A.A.K.)
| | - Amine A. Kamen
- Viral Vectors and Vaccines Bioprocessing Group, Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada; (O.F.); (A.A.K.)
| | - Esayas Gelaye
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Sub-Regional Office for Eastern Africa, Addis Ababa P.O. Box 5536, Ethiopia
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Xu X, Farnós O, Paes BCMF, Nesdoly S, Kamen AA. Multivariate data analysis on multisensor measurement for inline process monitoring of adenovirus production in HEK293 cells. Biotechnol Bioeng 2024; 121:2175-2192. [PMID: 38613199 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
In the era of Biopharma 4.0, process digitalization fundamentally requires accurate and timely monitoring of critical process parameters (CPPs) and quality attributes. Bioreactor systems are equipped with a variety of sensors to ensure process robustness and product quality. However, during the biphasic production of viral vectors or replication-competent viruses for gene and cell therapies and vaccination, current monitoring techniques relying on a single working sensor can be affected by the physiological state change of the cells due to infection/transduction/transfection step required to initiate production. To address this limitation, a multisensor (MS) monitoring system, which includes dual-wavelength fluorescence spectroscopy, dielectric signals, and a set of CPPs, such as oxygen uptake rate and pH control outputs, was employed to monitor the upstream process of adenovirus production in HEK293 cells in bioreactor. This system successfully identified characteristic responses to infection by comparing variations in these signals, and the correlation between signals and target critical variables was analyzed mechanistically and statistically. The predictive performance of several target CPPs using different multivariate data analysis (MVDA) methods on data from a single sensor/source or fused from multiple sensors were compared. An MS regression model can accurately predict viable cell density with a relative root mean squared error (rRMSE) as low as 8.3% regardless of the changes occurring over the infection phase. This is a significant improvement over the 12% rRMSE achieved with models based on a single source. The MS models also provide the best predictions for glucose, glutamine, lactate, and ammonium. These results demonstrate the potential of using MVDA on MS systems as a real-time monitoring approach for biphasic bioproduction processes. Yet, models based solely on the multiplicity and timing of infection outperformed both single-sensor and MS models, emphasizing the need for a deeper mechanistic understanding in virus production prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingge Xu
- Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Omar Farnós
- Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Sean Nesdoly
- Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Amine A Kamen
- Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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Farnós O, Martins Fernandes Paes BC, Getachew B, Rourou S, Chaabene A, Gelaye E, Tefera TA, Kamen AA. Intranasally Delivered Adenoviral Vector Protects Chickens against Newcastle Disease Virus: Vaccine Manufacturing and Stability Assessments for Liquid and Lyophilized Formulations. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 12:41. [PMID: 38250854 PMCID: PMC10819614 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12010041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Newcastle disease (ND) remains a critical disease affecting poultry in sub-Saharan Africa. In some countries, repeated outbreaks have a major impact on local economies and food security. Recently, we developed an adenovirus-vectored vaccine encoding the Fusion protein from an Ethiopian isolate of Newcastle disease virus (NDV). The adenoviral vector was designed, and a manufacturing process was developed in the context of the Livestock Vaccine Innovation Fund initiative funded by the International Development Research Centre (IDRC) of Canada. The industrially relevant recombinant vaccine technology platform is being transferred to the National Veterinary Institute (Ethiopia) for veterinary applications. Here, a manufacturing process using HEK293SF suspension cells cultured in stirred-tank bioreactors for the vaccine production is proposed. Taking into consideration supply chain limitations, options for serum-free media selection were evaluated. A streamlined downstream process including a filtration, an ultrafiltration, and a concentration step was developed. With high volumetric yields (infectious titers up to 5 × 109 TCID50/mL) in the culture supernatant, the final formulations were prepared at 1010 TCID50/mL, either in liquid or lyophilized forms. The liquid formulation was suitable and safe for mucosal vaccination and was stable for 1 week at 37 °C. Both the liquid and lyophilized formulations were stable after 6 months of storage at 4 °C. We demonstrate that the instillation of the adenoviral vector through the nasal cavity can confer protection to chickens against a lethal challenge with NDV. Overall, a manufacturing process for the adenovirus-vectored vaccine was developed, and protective doses were determined using a convenient route of delivery. Formulation and storage conditions were established, and quality control protocols were implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Farnós
- Viral Vectors and Vaccines Bioprocessing Group, Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada (B.C.M.F.P.)
| | | | - Belayneh Getachew
- Research and Development Directorate, National Veterinary Institute, Bishoftu P.O. Box 19, Ethiopia (E.G.); (T.A.T.)
| | - Samia Rourou
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Vaccinology and Biotechnology Development, Group of Biotechnology Development, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, 13, Place Pasteur. BP.74., Tunis 1002, Tunisia; (S.R.)
| | - Ameni Chaabene
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Vaccinology and Biotechnology Development, Group of Biotechnology Development, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, 13, Place Pasteur. BP.74., Tunis 1002, Tunisia; (S.R.)
| | - Esayas Gelaye
- Research and Development Directorate, National Veterinary Institute, Bishoftu P.O. Box 19, Ethiopia (E.G.); (T.A.T.)
| | - Takele A. Tefera
- Research and Development Directorate, National Veterinary Institute, Bishoftu P.O. Box 19, Ethiopia (E.G.); (T.A.T.)
| | - Amine A. Kamen
- Viral Vectors and Vaccines Bioprocessing Group, Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada (B.C.M.F.P.)
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Khan MT, Mahmud A, Islam MM, Sumaia MSN, Rahim Z, Islam K, Iqbal A. Multi-epitope vaccine against drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis: a proteome-wide subtraction and immunoinformatics approach. Genomics Inform 2023; 21:e42. [PMID: 37813638 PMCID: PMC10584640 DOI: 10.5808/gi.23021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is the causative agent of tuberculosis, one of the most deadly infections in humans. The emergence of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant Mtb strains presents a global challenge. Mtb has shown resistance to many frontline antibiotics, including rifampicin, kanamycin, isoniazid, and capreomycin. The only licensed vaccine, Bacille Calmette-Guerin, does not efficiently protect against adult pulmonary tuberculosis. Therefore, it is urgently necessary to develop new vaccines to prevent infections caused by these strains. We used a subtractive proteomics approach on 23 virulent Mtb strains and identified a conserved membrane protein (MmpL4, NP_214964.1) as both a potential drug target and vaccine candidate. MmpL4 is a non-homologous essential protein in the host and is involved in the pathogen-specific pathway. Furthermore, MmpL4 shows no homology with anti-targets and has limited homology to human gut microflora, potentially reducing the likelihood of adverse effects and cross-reactivity if therapeutics specific to this protein are developed. Subsequently, we constructed a highly soluble, safe, antigenic, and stable multi-subunit vaccine from the MmpL4 protein using immunoinformatics. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed the stability of the vaccine-bound Toll-like receptor-4 complex on a nanosecond scale, and immune simulations indicated strong primary and secondary immune responses in the host. Therefore, our study identifies a new target that could expedite the design of effective therapeutics, and the designed vaccine should be validated. Future directions include an extensive molecular interaction analysis, in silico cloning, wet-lab experiments, and evaluation and comparison of the designed candidate as both a DNA vaccine and protein vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Tahsin Khan
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet 3114, Bangladesh
| | - Araf Mahmud
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet 3114, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Muzahidul Islam
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet 3114, Bangladesh
| | - Mst. Sayedatun Nessa Sumaia
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet 3114, Bangladesh
| | - Zeaur Rahim
- Infectious Diseases Division, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Kamrul Islam
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet 3114, Bangladesh
| | - Asif Iqbal
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet 3114, Bangladesh
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
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Kana BD, Arbuthnot P, Botwe BK, Choonara YE, Hassan F, Louzir H, Matsoso P, Moore PL, Muhairwe A, Naidoo K, Ndomondo-Sigonda M, Madhi SA. Opportunities and challenges of leveraging COVID-19 vaccine innovation and technologies for developing sustainable vaccine manufacturing capabilities in Africa. THE LANCET. INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2023:S1473-3099(22)00878-7. [PMID: 37290473 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(22)00878-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic heralded unprecedented resource mobilisation and global scientific collaboration to rapidly develop effective vaccines. Regrettably, vaccine distribution has been inequitable, particularly in Africa where manufacturing capacity remains nominal. To address this, several initiatives are underway to develop and manufacture COVID-19 vaccines in Africa. Nevertheless, diminishing demand for COVID-19 vaccines, the cost competitiveness of producing goods locally, intellectual property rights issues, and complex regulatory environments among other challenges can undermine these ventures. We outline how extending COVID-19 vaccine manufacturing in Africa to include diverse products, multiple vaccine platforms, and advanced delivery systems will ensure sustainability. Possible models, including leveraging public-academic-private partnerships to enhance success of vaccine manufacturing capacity in Africa are also discussed. Intensifying research in vaccine discovery on the continent could yield vaccines that further bolster sustainability of local production, ensuring greater pandemic preparedness in resource-constrained environments, and long-term health systems security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bavesh D Kana
- Department of Science and Innovation/National Research Foundation Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Patrick Arbuthnot
- South African Medical Research Council Antiviral Gene Therapy Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | | | - Yahya E Choonara
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; African Network for Drugs and Diagnostics Innovation Centre of Excellence in Advanced Drug Delivery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Fatima Hassan
- Health Justice Initiative, University of Cape Town School of Public Health and Family Medicine, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Hechmi Louzir
- Laboratory of Transmission, Control and Immunobiology of Infections (LR11IPT02), Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Precious Matsoso
- Health Regulatory Science Platform, Wits Health Consortium, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Penny L Moore
- South African Medical Research Council Antibody Immunity Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | | | - Kubendran Naidoo
- South African Medical Research Council Antiviral Gene Therapy Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Margareth Ndomondo-Sigonda
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; African Union Development Agency-New Partnership for Africa's Development, Midrand, South Africa
| | - Shabir A Madhi
- South African Medical Research Council Vaccines and Infectious Diseases Analytics Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; African Leadership in Vaccinology Expertise, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
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Development of Plant-Based Vaccines for Prevention of Avian Influenza and Newcastle Disease in Poultry. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10030478. [PMID: 35335110 PMCID: PMC8952014 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10030478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Viral diseases, including avian influenza (AI) and Newcastle disease (ND), are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in poultry, resulting in significant economic losses. Despite the availability of commercial vaccines for the major viral diseases of poultry, these diseases continue to pose a significant risk to global food security. There are multiple factors for this: vaccine costs may be prohibitive, cold chain storage for attenuated live-virus vaccines may not be achievable, and commercial vaccines may protect poorly against local emerging strains. The development of transient gene expression systems in plants provides a versatile and robust tool to generate a high yield of recombinant proteins with superior speed while managing to achieve cost-efficient production. Plant-derived vaccines offer good stability and safety these include both subunit and virus-like particle (VLP) vaccines. VLPs offer potential benefits compared to currently available traditional vaccines, including significant reductions in virus shedding and the ability to differentiate between infected and vaccinated birds (DIVA). This review discusses the current state of plant-based vaccines for prevention of the AI and ND in poultry, challenges in their development, and potential for expanding their use in low- and middle-income countries.
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Khan MT, Islam R, Jerin TJ, Mahmud A, Khatun S, Kobir A, Islam MN, Akter A, Mondal SI. Immunoinformatics and molecular dynamics approaches: Next generation vaccine design against West Nile virus. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0253393. [PMID: 34138958 PMCID: PMC8211291 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
West Nile Virus (WNV) is a life threatening flavivirus that causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. No preventive therapeutics including vaccines against WNV are available for human use. In this study, immunoinformatics approach was performed to design a multi epitope-based subunit vaccine against this deadly pathogen. Human (HLA) and Mice (H-2) allele specific potential T-cell and B-cell epitopes were shortlisted through a stringent procedure. Molecular docking showed selected epitopes that have stronger binding affinity with human TLR-4. Molecular dynamics simulation confirmed the stable nature of the docked complex. Furthermore, in silico cloning analysis ensures efficient expression of desired gene in the microbial system. Interestingly, previous studies showed that two of our selected epitopes have strong immune response against WNV. Therefore, selected epitopes could be strong vaccine candidates to prevent WNV infections in human. However, further in vitro and in vivo investigations could be strengthening the validation of the vaccine candidate against WNV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Tahsin Khan
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | - Rahatul Islam
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | - Tarhima Jahan Jerin
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh
| | - Araf Mahmud
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | - Sahara Khatun
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | - Ahasanul Kobir
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Md Nahidul Islam
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Arzuba Akter
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
- * E-mail: (SIM); (AA)
| | - Shakhinur Islam Mondal
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
- * E-mail: (SIM); (AA)
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Cianci R, Franza L. Genomic Medicine and Advances in Vaccine Technology and Development in the Developing and Developed World. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 9:vaccines9010009. [PMID: 33374343 PMCID: PMC7823288 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Cianci
- Internal Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Roma, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-06-3015-7597; Fax: +39-06-3550-2775
| | - Laura Franza
- Emergency Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Roma, Italy;
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Farnós O, Venereo-Sánchez A, Xu X, Chan C, Dash S, Chaabane H, Sauvageau J, Brahimi F, Saragovi U, Leclerc D, Kamen AA. Rapid High-Yield Production of Functional SARS-CoV-2 Receptor Binding Domain by Viral and Non-Viral Transient Expression for Pre-Clinical Evaluation. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:vaccines8040654. [PMID: 33158147 PMCID: PMC7712309 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8040654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccine design strategies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are focused on the Spike protein or its subunits as the main antigen target of neutralizing antibodies. In this work, we propose rapid production methods of an extended segment of the Spike Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) in HEK293SF cells cultured in suspension, in serum-free media, as a major component of a COVID-19 subunit vaccine under development. The expression of RBD, engineered with a sortase-recognition motif for protein-based carrier coupling, was achieved at high yields by plasmid transient transfection or human type-5-adenoviral infection of the cells, in a period of only two and three weeks, respectively. Both production methods were evaluated in 3L-controlled bioreactors with upstream and downstream bioprocess improvements, resulting in a product recovery with over 95% purity. Adenoviral infection led to over 100 µg/mL of RBD in culture supernatants, which was around 7-fold higher than levels obtained in transfected cultures. The monosaccharide and sialic acid content was similar in the RBD protein from the two production approaches. It also exhibited a proper conformational structure as recognized by monoclonal antibodies directed against key native Spike epitopes. Efficient direct binding to ACE2 was also demonstrated at similar levels in RBD obtained from both methods and from different production lots. Overall, we provide bioprocess-related data for the rapid, scalable manufacturing of low cost RBD based vaccines against SARS-CoV-2, with the added value of making a functional antigen available to support further research on uncovering mechanisms of virus binding and entry as well as screening for potential COVID-19 therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Farnós
- Viral Vectors and Vaccines Bioprocessing Group, Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0E9, Canada; (O.F.); (A.V.-S.); (X.X.); (C.C.); (S.D.); (H.C.)
| | - Alina Venereo-Sánchez
- Viral Vectors and Vaccines Bioprocessing Group, Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0E9, Canada; (O.F.); (A.V.-S.); (X.X.); (C.C.); (S.D.); (H.C.)
| | - Xingge Xu
- Viral Vectors and Vaccines Bioprocessing Group, Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0E9, Canada; (O.F.); (A.V.-S.); (X.X.); (C.C.); (S.D.); (H.C.)
| | - Cindy Chan
- Viral Vectors and Vaccines Bioprocessing Group, Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0E9, Canada; (O.F.); (A.V.-S.); (X.X.); (C.C.); (S.D.); (H.C.)
| | - Shantoshini Dash
- Viral Vectors and Vaccines Bioprocessing Group, Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0E9, Canada; (O.F.); (A.V.-S.); (X.X.); (C.C.); (S.D.); (H.C.)
| | - Hanan Chaabane
- Viral Vectors and Vaccines Bioprocessing Group, Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0E9, Canada; (O.F.); (A.V.-S.); (X.X.); (C.C.); (S.D.); (H.C.)
| | - Janelle Sauvageau
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada;
| | - Fouad Brahimi
- Lady Davis Institute-Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada; (F.B.); (U.S.)
| | - Uri Saragovi
- Lady Davis Institute-Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada; (F.B.); (U.S.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Denis Leclerc
- Département de Microbiologie-Infectiologie et d’immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
| | - Amine A. Kamen
- Viral Vectors and Vaccines Bioprocessing Group, Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 0E9, Canada; (O.F.); (A.V.-S.); (X.X.); (C.C.); (S.D.); (H.C.)
- Correspondence:
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