1
|
Guida S, Puig S, DI Resta C, Sallustio F, Mangano E, Stabile G, Longo C, Pellacani G, Guida G, Rongioletti F. Melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R): a review for dermatologists. Ital J Dermatol Venerol 2024; 159:285-293. [PMID: 38376504 DOI: 10.23736/s2784-8671.24.07839-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) and its variants have a pivotal role in melanin synthesis. However, MC1R has been associated to non-pigmentary pathways related to DNA-repair activities and inflammation. The aim of this review is to provide an up-to-date overview about the role of MC1R in the skin. Specifically, after summarizing the current knowledge about MC1R structure and polymorphisms, we report data concerning the correlation between MC1R, phenotypic traits, skin aging, other diseases and skin cancers and their risk assessment through genetic testing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Guida
- Dermatology Clinic, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy -
- Faculty of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy -
| | - Susana Puig
- Melanoma Unit, Department of Dermatology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas August Pi i Sunye, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Chiara DI Resta
- Faculty of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
- Genomic Unit for the Diagnosis of Human Pathologies, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Sallustio
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Aldo Moro University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Eleonora Mangano
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies (ITB), National Research Center (CNR), Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgio Stabile
- Dermatology Clinic, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Faculty of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Caterina Longo
- Department of Dermatology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Skin Cancer Center, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale, IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | | | - Gabriella Guida
- Section of Molecular Biology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, Aldo Moro University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Franco Rongioletti
- Dermatology Clinic, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Faculty of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Xie W, Zhang C, Wang T, Wang J, Fu F. Effects of natural products on skin inflammation caused by abnormal hormones secreted by the adrenal gland. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1156271. [PMID: 37205913 PMCID: PMC10188947 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1156271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The cortex of adrenal gland produces glucocorticoid, mineralocorticoid, and androgen. The medulla of adrenal gland secrets catecholamines. These hormones play an important role in regulating blood pressure, metabolism, and homeostasis of glucose or electrolytes. Hypersecretion or hyposecretion by the adrenal gland will cause a complex cascade of hormone effects and lead to diseases, including Addison's disease, Cushing's syndrome, and congenital adrenal cortical hyperplasia. Skin is the largest organ of body. It provides protection and acts as a barrier against external damage factors like infectious organisms, chemicals, and allergens. Endocrinologic disorders often induce cutaneous abnormalities. According to the previous evidences, natural products have the potential properties for attenuating skin disorders and improving dermatologic symptoms by inhibiting inflammation through MAPK or PI3K/AKT-dependent NF-κB pathways. The natural products may also promote skin wound healing by inhibiting the production of matrix metalloproteinase-9. We systematically searched the relevant articles from databases, including PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane library databases, to review the effects of natural products on skin disorders. This article summarized the effects of natural products on skin inflammation caused by abnormal hormone secreted by adrenal gland. And the published papers indicated that natural products might be a potential source for treating skin diseases.
Collapse
|
3
|
Fototerapia – metoda wykorzystywana w leczeniu przewlekłych schorzeń dermatologicznych. POSTEP HIG MED DOSW 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/ahem-2021-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstrakt
Wykorzystanie energii świetlnej w terapii schorzeń o różnej etiologii towarzyszy człowiekowi od czasów starożytnych. Elementem decydującym o powodzeniu terapii jest dobranie odpowiedniej długości promieniowania (terapia NB-UVB, BB-UVB i UVA1) lub wystąpienie interakcji między substancją światłoczułą skumulowaną w zmienionej chorobowo tkance a zastosowanym promieniowaniem (terapia PUVA oraz terapia fotodynamiczna). Metody terapeutyczne wykorzystujące energię świetlną są klasyfikowane na podstawie wykorzystywanego zakresu promieniowania. Obecnie wyróżnia się fototerapię UV, wykorzystującą promieniowanie UVA lub UVB oraz terapię fotodynamiczną (PDT; photodynamic therapy), podczas której stosowane jest promieniowanie o długości fali 350-700 nm.
Fototerapia UV wykorzystywana jest do leczenia schorzeń dermatologicznych, takich jak łuszczyca, bielactwo oraz atopowe zapalenie skóry, ze względu na jej działanie immunosupresyjne i antyproliferacyjne. Jest dostępna w postaci terapii PUVA polegającej na wykorzystaniu synergicznego działania promieniowania ultrafioletowego (UVA) oraz związków o działaniu światłouczulającym (8-metoksypsolaren, 5-metoksypsolaren). Ponadto wyróżniono monoterapię promieniowaniem ultrafioletowym A1 (UVA1), szerokozakresowym UVB (BB-UVB) i wąskozakresowym UVB (NB-UVB). Terapia fotodynamiczna obok konwencjonalnych metod leczenia jest nowoczesną i nieinwazyjną alternatywą wykorzystywaną zarówno w diagnostyce, jak i terapii chorób o różnej etiologii. W 90% przypadków PDT jest stosowana w schorzeniach dermatologicznych, takich jak trądzik pospolity czy łuszczyca. Selektywna aktywność cytotoksyczna wykazywana w kierunku złośliwych komórek nowotworowych powoduje, że terapia fotodynamiczna stosowana jest także z powodzeniem w leczeniu zmian onkologicznych. Duży postęp, przejawiający się zarówno w opracowywaniu innowacyjnych substancji światłoczułych, jak i nowych źródeł promieniowania, sprawia, iż zakres stosowalności terapii fotodynamicznej ciągle się poszerza.
W artykule przedstawiono obecnie dostępne formy fototerapii poprzez opis mechanizmu ich działania, zastosowania oraz możliwości powstania skutków niepożądanych.
Collapse
|
4
|
Kanti V, Puder L, Jahnke I, Krabusch PM, Kottner J, Vogt A, Richter C, Andruck A, Lechner L, Poitou C, Krude H, Gottesdiener K, Clément K, Farooqi IS, Wiegand S, Kühnen P, Blume-Peytavi U. A Melanocortin-4 Receptor Agonist Induces Skin and Hair Pigmentation in Patients with Monogenic Mutations in the Leptin-Melanocortin Pathway. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2021; 34:307-316. [PMID: 34058738 DOI: 10.1159/000516282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Gene mutations within the leptin-melanocortin signaling pathway lead to severe early-onset obesity. Recently, a phase 2 trial evaluated new pharmacological treatment options with the MC4R agonist setmelanotide in patients with mutations in the genes encoding proopiomelanocortin (POMC) and leptin receptor (LEPR). During treatment with setmelanotide, changes in skin pigmentation were observed, probably due to off-target effects on the closely related melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R). Here, we describe in detail the findings of dermatological examinations and measurements of skin pigmentation during this treatment over time and discuss the impact of these changes on patient safety. METHODS In an investigator-initiated, phase 2, open-label pilot study, 2 patients with loss-of-function POMC gene mutations and 3 patients with loss-of-function variants in LEPR were treated with the MC4R agonist setmelanotide. Dermatological examination, dermoscopy, whole body photographic documentation, and spectrophotometric measurements were performed at screening visit and approximately every 3 months during the course of the study. RESULTS We report the results of a maximum treatment duration of 46 months. Skin pigmentation increased in all treated patients, as confirmed by spectrophotometry. During continuous treatment, the current results indicate that elevated tanning intensity levels may stabilize over time. Lips and nevi also darkened. In red-haired study participants, hair color changed to brown after initiation of setmelanotide treatment. DISCUSSION Setmelanotide treatment leads to skin tanning and occasionally hair color darkening in both POMC- and LEPR-deficient patients. No malignant skin changes were observed in the patients of this study. However, the results highlight the importance of regular skin examinations before and during MC4R agonist treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Varvara Kanti
- Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lia Puder
- Institute for Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, Department for Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Irina Jahnke
- Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Berlin, Germany
| | - Philipp Maximilian Krabusch
- Institute for Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, Department for Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan Kottner
- Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Berlin, Germany
| | - Annika Vogt
- Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Berlin, Germany
| | - Claudia Richter
- Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Berlin, Germany
| | - Annette Andruck
- Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lara Lechner
- Institute for Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christine Poitou
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, CRNH-Ile de France Paris, Nutrition department, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Nutrition and Obesity, systemic approach (NutriOmics) research group, Paris, France
| | - Heiko Krude
- Institute for Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Karine Clément
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, CRNH-Ile de France Paris, Nutrition department, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Nutrition and Obesity, systemic approach (NutriOmics) research group, Paris, France
| | - Ismaa Sadaf Farooqi
- Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Susanna Wiegand
- Berlin Institute of Health, Center for Social-Pediatric Care/Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter Kühnen
- Institute for Experimental Pediatric Endocrinology, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrike Blume-Peytavi
- Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|