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Cao C, Fu G, Xu R, Li N. Coupling of Alzheimer's Disease Genetic Risk Factors with Viral Susceptibility and Inflammation. Aging Dis 2024; 15:2028-2050. [PMID: 37962454 PMCID: PMC11346407 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.1017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by persistent cognitive decline. Amyloid plaque deposition and neurofibrillary tangles are the main pathological features of AD brain, though mechanisms leading to the formation of lesions remain to be understood. Genetic efforts through genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified dozens of risk genes influencing the pathogenesis and progression of AD, some of which have been revealed in close association with increased viral susceptibilities and abnormal inflammatory responses in AD patients. In the present study, we try to present a list of AD candidate genes that have been shown to affect viral infection and inflammatory responses. Understanding of how AD susceptibility genes interact with the viral life cycle and potential inflammatory pathways would provide possible therapeutic targets for both AD and infectious diseases.
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Fitzsimons LA, Atif-Sheikh M, Lovely J, Mueth M, Rice M, Kotredes K, Howell G, Harrison BJ. CD2AP is Co-Expressed with Tropomyosin-Related Kinase A and Ras-Related Protein Rab-5A in Cholinergic Neurons of the Murine Basal Forebrain. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.24.604961. [PMID: 39211110 PMCID: PMC11361140 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.24.604961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Basal forebrain cholinergic neurons project to the hippocampus and cortex, are critical for learning and memory, and are central to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). GWAS have consistently shown that genomic variants at the CD2AP gene locus are associated with significant increased risk of AD. GWAS studies have also shown that genetic variants in endocytosis genes, including RAB5A , significantly increase susceptibility to AD. Previous work in our lab has shown that CD2AP functions as a docking-scaffold/adaptor protein as a coordinator of nerve growth factor (NGF) and trophic signaling in neurons. We have also demonstrated that CD2AP positively regulates Rab5-mediated mechanisms of endocytosis in primary sensory neurons. The purpose of this study was to perform an in vivo characterization of CD2AP expression in cholinergic neurons of the brain regions most relevant to AD pathogenesis and to investigate the colocalization of CD2AP and Rab5 in cholinergic neurons of the murine basal forebrain. Brain tissue was perfused, harvested from ChAT BAC -eGFP transgenic mice (N=4 male, N=4 female; aged 10 mo), where cholinergic neurons (co-) express green fluorescence protein (GFP) in central and peripheral neurons that express choline acetyltransferase (ChAT). Frozen tissue sections were used to assess the specificity of the reporter in mouse brain along with localization of both CD2AP and Rab5 (co-) expression using immunofluorescence (IF) analysis of ChAT-GFP+ neurons and primary antibodies against ChAT, CD2AP and Rab5. Image J software was used to develop and optimize a colocalization assay for CD2AP and Rab5 puncta. Experiments were repeated in a follow-up cohort of aged-adult mice (N=2 male, N=2 female; aged 18 mo). IF expression of CD2AP was quantified in the basal forebrain, diagonal band of Broca (vDB), and striatal regions and compared to results from the cortical regions of the adult mouse brain. Colocalization of CD2AP was observed in the cell bodies of ChAT-GFP+ neurons of the striatum, vDB and basal forebrain regions, where CD2AP expression intensity as well as the number of cell bodies with positive signal increased incrementally. Colocalization analyses revealed near-complete overlap of CD2AP and Rab5 expression in ChAT-GFP+ cholinergic neurons of the basal forebrain region. We conclude that cholinergic neurons express CD2AP in healthy adult and aged-adult mouse brains. These data provide the first evidence of quantifiable CD2AP protein expression of cholinergic neurons specific to the diagonal band of Broca (vDB) and basal forebrain. Together with previous research from our lab, these data support a role for CD2AP in the pathogenesis of AD through orchestration of endocytosis and retrograde signaling. Ongoing studies are underway to verify these findings in a novel AD mouse model that incorporates the humanized variant of CD2AP , created by MODEL-AD, where we aim to further investigate how CD2AP variants may affect mechanistic components of Rab5 endocytosis as well as subsequent survival of cholinergic neurons in the context of known amyloid beta and Tau pathologies.
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Balashova OA, Panoutsopoulos AA, Visina O, Selhub J, Knoepfler PS, Borodinsky LN. Noncanonical function of folate through folate receptor 1 during neural tube formation. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1642. [PMID: 38388461 PMCID: PMC10883926 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45775-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Folate supplementation reduces the occurrence of neural tube defects (NTDs), birth defects consisting in the failure of the neural tube to form and close. The mechanisms underlying NTDs and their prevention by folate remain unclear. Here we show that folate receptor 1 (FOLR1) is necessary for the formation of neural tube-like structures in human-cell derived neural organoids. FOLR1 knockdown in neural organoids and in Xenopus laevis embryos leads to NTDs that are rescued by pteroate, a folate precursor that is unable to participate in metabolism. We demonstrate that FOLR1 interacts with and opposes the function of CD2-associated protein, molecule essential for apical endocytosis and turnover of C-cadherin in neural plate cells. In addition, folates increase Ca2+ transient frequency, suggesting that folate and FOLR1 signal intracellularly to regulate neural plate folding. This study identifies a mechanism of action of folate distinct from its vitamin function during neural tube formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga A Balashova
- Department of Physiology & Membrane Biology, Shriners Hospitals for Children Northern California, University of California Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA.
| | - Alexios A Panoutsopoulos
- Department of Physiology & Membrane Biology, Shriners Hospitals for Children Northern California, University of California Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Olesya Visina
- Department of Physiology & Membrane Biology, Shriners Hospitals for Children Northern California, University of California Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Jacob Selhub
- Tufts-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paul S Knoepfler
- Department of Cell Biology & Human Anatomy, Shriners Hospitals for Children Northern California, University of California Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Laura N Borodinsky
- Department of Physiology & Membrane Biology, Shriners Hospitals for Children Northern California, University of California Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA.
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4
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Yeoh WJ, Krebs P. SHIP1 and its role for innate immune regulation-Novel targets for immunotherapy. Eur J Immunol 2023; 53:e2350446. [PMID: 37742135 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202350446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Phosphoinositide-3-kinase/AKT (PI3K/AKT) signaling plays key roles in the regulation of cellular activity in both health and disease. In immune cells, this PI3K/AKT pathway is critically regulated by the phosphoinositide phosphatase SHIP1, which has been reported to modulate the function of most immune subsets. In this review, we summarize our current knowledge of SHIP1 with a focus on innate immune cells, where we reflect on the most pertinent aspects described in the current literature. We also present several small-molecule agonists and antagonists of SHIP1 developed over the last two decades, which have led to improved outcomes in several preclinical models of disease. We outline these promising findings and put them in relation to human diseases with unmet medical needs, where we discuss the most attractive targets for immune therapies based on SHIP1 modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Jie Yeoh
- Institute of Tissue Medicine and Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Krebs
- Institute of Tissue Medicine and Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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5
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Chou V, Pearse RV, Aylward AJ, Ashour N, Taga M, Terzioglu G, Fujita M, Fancher SB, Sigalov A, Benoit CR, Lee H, Lam M, Seyfried NT, Bennett DA, De Jager PL, Menon V, Young-Pearse TL. INPP5D regulates inflammasome activation in human microglia. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7552. [PMID: 38016942 PMCID: PMC10684891 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42819-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Microglia and neuroinflammation play an important role in the development and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Inositol polyphosphate-5-phosphatase D (INPP5D/SHIP1) is a myeloid-expressed gene genetically-associated with AD. Through unbiased analyses of RNA and protein profiles in INPP5D-disrupted iPSC-derived human microglia, we find that reduction in INPP5D activity is associated with molecular profiles consistent with disrupted autophagy and inflammasome activation. These findings are validated through targeted pharmacological experiments which demonstrate that reduced INPP5D activity induces the formation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, cleavage of CASP1, and secretion of IL-1β and IL-18. Further, in-depth analyses of human brain tissue across hundreds of individuals using a multi-analytic approach provides evidence that a reduction in function of INPP5D in microglia results in inflammasome activation in AD. These findings provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying microglia-mediated processes in AD and highlight the inflammasome as a potential therapeutic target for modulating INPP5D-mediated vulnerability to AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicky Chou
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Richard V Pearse
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Aimee J Aylward
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nancy Ashour
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mariko Taga
- Center for Translational and Computational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, and the Taub Institute for the Study of Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gizem Terzioglu
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Masashi Fujita
- Center for Translational and Computational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, and the Taub Institute for the Study of Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Seeley B Fancher
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alina Sigalov
- Center for Translational and Computational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, and the Taub Institute for the Study of Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Courtney R Benoit
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hyo Lee
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matti Lam
- Center for Translational and Computational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, and the Taub Institute for the Study of Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nicholas T Seyfried
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - David A Bennett
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Philip L De Jager
- Center for Translational and Computational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, and the Taub Institute for the Study of Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vilas Menon
- Center for Translational and Computational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, and the Taub Institute for the Study of Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tracy L Young-Pearse
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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6
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Wu Y, Wang Q, Li M, Lao J, Tang H, Ming S, Wu M, Gong S, Li L, Liu L, Huang X. SLAMF7 regulates the inflammatory response in macrophages during polymicrobial sepsis. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:150224. [PMID: 36749634 PMCID: PMC10014109 DOI: 10.1172/jci150224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Uncontrolled inflammation occurred in sepsis results in multiple organ injuries and shock, which contributes to the death of patients with sepsis. However, the regulatory mechanisms that restrict excessive inflammation are still elusive. Here, we identified an Ig-like receptor called signaling lymphocyte activation molecular family 7 (SLAMF7) as a key suppressor of inflammation during sepsis. We found that the expression of SLAMF7 on monocytes/macrophages was significantly elevated in patients with sepsis and in septic mice. SLAMF7 attenuated TLR-dependent MAPK and NF-κB signaling activation in macrophages by cooperating with Src homology 2-containing inositol-5'‑phosphatase 1 (SHIP1). Furthermore, SLAMF7 interacted with SHIP1 and TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) to inhibit K63 ubiquitination of TRAF6. In addition, we found that tyrosine phosphorylation sites within the intracellular domain of SLAMF7 and the phosphatase domain of SHIP1 were indispensable for the interaction between SLAMF7, SHIP1, and TRAF6 and SLAMF7-mediated modulation of cytokine production. Finally, we demonstrated that SLAMF7 protected against lethal sepsis and endotoxemia by downregulating macrophage proinflammatory cytokines and suppressing inflammation-induced organ damage. Taken together, our findings reveal a negative regulatory role of SLAMF7 in polymicrobial sepsis, thus providing sights into the treatment of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjian Wu
- Center for Infection and Immunity and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qiaohua Wang
- Center for Infection and Immunity and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Miao Li
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Juanfeng Lao
- Center for Infection and Immunity and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Huishu Tang
- Center for Infection and Immunity and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Siqi Ming
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of the Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Minhao Wu
- Center for Infection and Immunity and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Sitang Gong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Linhai Li
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lei Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of the Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xi Huang
- Center for Infection and Immunity and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong Province, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of the Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China.,The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong Province, China
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7
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Wang C, Zhao Z, Zhang Y, Liang W, Zhou C, Lin W, He Y, Wu M, Meng Z, Liao Y, Li M, El Akkawi M, Zhao J, He Y. Identification and verification of the prognostic value of CUL7 in colon adenocarcinoma. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1043512. [PMID: 36304472 PMCID: PMC9592904 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1043512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
CUL7, a gene composed of 26 exons associated with cullin 7 protein, is also an E3 ligase that is closely related to cell senescence, apoptosis, and cell transformation and also plays an important role in human cancer. However, there is no systematic pan-cancer analysis has been performed to explore its role in prognosis and immune prediction. In this study, the expression of CUL7 in colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) was investigated to determine its prognosis value. First, based on the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Genotypic-Tissue Expression Project(GTEx), Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedias(CCLE), and TISIDB database, the potential role of CUL7 in different tumors was explored. Subsequently, the expression of CUL7 in COAD was explored and verified by Immunohistochemistry (IHC). Furthermore, the mutation frequency of CUL7 in COAD was analyzed, and the prognostic value of CUL7 in COAD was discussed. In addition, the nomogram was constructed, and its prognostic value was verified by follow-up data from Jiangmen Central Hospital. Finally, PPI network analysis explored the potential biological function of CUL7 in COAD. The results show that CUL7 is upregulated in most tumors, which is significantly associated with poor survival. At the same time, CUL7 is correlated with the clinical stage and immune landscape of various tumors. In colorectal cancer, CUL7 was overexpressed in tumor tissues by IHC with a mutation frequency of about 4%. CUL7 is an independent prognostic factor for colorectal cancer. The nomogram constructed has effective predictive performance, and external databases proved the prognostic value of CUL7. In addition, PPI network analysis showed that CUL7 was closely related to FBXW8, and further pathway enrichment analysis showed that CUL7 was mainly involved in ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis. Therefore, our study provides a comprehensive understanding of the potential role of CUL7 in different tumors, and CUL7 might be a prognostic marker for COAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengxing Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhao
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuhao Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Weijun Liang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Chaorong Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Weixing Lin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Yu He
- National Drug Clinical Trial Institution, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Meimei Wu
- Clinical Experimental Center, Jiangmen Key Laboratory of Clinical Biobanks and Translational Research, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Zijie Meng
- Clinical Experimental Center, Jiangmen Key Laboratory of Clinical Biobanks and Translational Research, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Yuehua Liao
- Department of Pathology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Min Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mariya El Akkawi
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Zhujiang hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yaoming He, ; Jinglin Zhao, ; Mariya El Akkawi,
| | - Jinglin Zhao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
- *Correspondence: Yaoming He, ; Jinglin Zhao, ; Mariya El Akkawi,
| | - Yaoming He
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
- *Correspondence: Yaoming He, ; Jinglin Zhao, ; Mariya El Akkawi,
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8
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Nanjundaiah S, Chidambaram H, Chandrashekar M, Chinnathambi S. Role of Microglia in Regulating Cholesterol and Tau Pathology in Alzheimer's Disease. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2021; 41:651-668. [PMID: 32468440 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-020-00883-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Cholesterol, a principal constituent of the cell membrane, plays a crucial role in the brain by regulating the synaptic transmission, neuronal signaling, as well as neurodegenerative diseases. Defects in the cholesterol trafficking are associated with enhanced generation of hyperphosphorylated Tau and Amyloid-β protein. Tau, a major microtubule-associated protein in the brain, is the key regulator of the mature neuron. Abnormally hyperphosphorylated Tau hampers the major functions related to microtubule assembly by promoting neurofibrillary tangles of paired helical filaments, twisted ribbons, and straight filaments. The observed pathological changes due to impaired cholesterol and Tau protein accumulation cause Alzheimer's disease. Thus, in order to regulate the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease, regulation of cholesterol metabolism, as well as Tau phosphorylation, is essential. The current review provides an overview of (1) cholesterol synthesis in the brain, neurons, astrocytes, and microglia; (2) the mechanism involved in modulating cholesterol concentration between the astrocytes and brain; (3) major mechanisms involved in the hyperphosphorylation of Tau and amyloid-β protein; and (4) microglial involvement in its regulation. Thus, the answering key questions will provide an in-depth information on microglia involvement in managing the pathogenesis of cholesterol-modulated hyperphosphorylated Tau protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shwetha Nanjundaiah
- Neurobiology Group, Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India
| | - Hariharakrishnan Chidambaram
- Neurobiology Group, Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Madhura Chandrashekar
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, MIT University, Loni Kalbhor, Pune, 412201, India
| | - Subashchandrabose Chinnathambi
- Neurobiology Group, Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, 110025, India.
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9
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Bencze D, Fekete T, Pázmándi K. Type I Interferon Production of Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells under Control. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22084190. [PMID: 33919546 PMCID: PMC8072550 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the most powerful and multifaceted cytokines produced by immune cells are type I interferons (IFNs), the basal secretion of which contributes to the maintenance of immune homeostasis, while their activation-induced production is essential to effective immune responses. Although, each cell is capable of producing type I IFNs, plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) possess a unique ability to rapidly produce large amounts of them. Importantly, type I IFNs have a prominent role in the pathomechanism of various pDC-associated diseases. Deficiency in type I IFN production increases the risk of more severe viral infections and the development of certain allergic reactions, and supports tumor resistance; nevertheless, its overproduction promotes autoimmune reactions. Therefore, the tight regulation of type I IFN responses of pDCs is essential to maintain an adequate level of immune response without causing adverse effects. Here, our goal was to summarize those endogenous factors that can influence the type I IFN responses of pDCs, and thus might serve as possible therapeutic targets in pDC-associated diseases. Furthermore, we briefly discuss the current therapeutic approaches targeting the pDC-type I IFN axis in viral infections, cancer, autoimmunity, and allergy, together with their limitations defined by the Janus-faced nature of pDC-derived type I IFNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dóra Bencze
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 1 Egyetem Square, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (D.B.); (T.F.)
- Doctoral School of Molecular Cell and Immune Biology, University of Debrecen, 1 Egyetem Square, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tünde Fekete
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 1 Egyetem Square, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (D.B.); (T.F.)
| | - Kitti Pázmándi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 1 Egyetem Square, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (D.B.); (T.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +36-52-417-159
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10
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Yao X, Risacher SL, Nho K, Saykin AJ, Wang Z, Shen L. Targeted genetic analysis of cerebral blood flow imaging phenotypes implicates the INPP5D gene. Neurobiol Aging 2019; 81:213-221. [PMID: 31319229 PMCID: PMC6732252 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2019.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The vascular hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has proposed the involvement of brain hypoperfusion in AD pathogenesis, where cognitive decline and dysfunction result from dwindling cerebral blood flow (CBF). Based on the vascular hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease, we focused on exploring how genetic factors influence AD pathogenesis via the cerebrovascular system. To investigate the role of CBF endophenotypes in AD pathogenesis, we performed a targeted genetic analysis of 258 subjects from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative cohort to examine associations between 4033 single-nucleotide polymorphisms of 24 AD genes and CBF measures in 4 brain regions. A novel association with CBF measure in the left angular gyrus was identified in an INPP5D single-nucleotide polymorphism (i.e., rs61068452; p = 1.48E-7; corrected p = 2.39E-3). The gene-based analysis discovered both INPP5D and CD2AP associated with the left angular gyrus CBF. Further analyses on nonoverlapping samples revealed that rs61068452-G was associated with lower CSF t-tau/Aβ1-42 ratio. Our findings suggest a protective role of rs61068452-G in an AD-relevant cerebrovascular endophenotype, which has the potential to provide novel insights for better mechanistic understanding of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Yao
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shannon L Risacher
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Kwangsik Nho
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Andrew J Saykin
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Ze Wang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Li Shen
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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11
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Ojelade SA, Lee TV, Giagtzoglou N, Yu L, Ugur B, Li Y, Duraine L, Zuo Z, Petyuk V, De Jager PL, Bennett DA, Arenkiel BR, Bellen HJ, Shulman JM. cindr, the Drosophila Homolog of the CD2AP Alzheimer's Disease Risk Gene, Is Required for Synaptic Transmission and Proteostasis. Cell Rep 2019; 28:1799-1813.e5. [PMID: 31412248 PMCID: PMC6703184 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The Alzheimer's disease (AD) susceptibility gene, CD2-associated protein (CD2AP), encodes an actin binding adaptor protein, but its function in the nervous system is largely unknown. Loss of the Drosophila ortholog cindr enhances neurotoxicity of human Tau, which forms neurofibrillary tangle pathology in AD. We show that Cindr is expressed in neurons and present at synaptic terminals. cindr mutants show impairments in synapse maturation and both synaptic vesicle recycling and release. Cindr associates and genetically interacts with 14-3-3ζ, regulates the ubiquitin-proteasome system, and affects turnover of Synapsin and the plasma membrane calcium ATPase (PMCA). Loss of cindr elevates PMCA levels and reduces cytosolic calcium. Studies of Cd2ap null mice support a conserved role in synaptic proteostasis, and CD2AP protein levels are inversely related to Synapsin abundance in human postmortem brains. Our results reveal CD2AP neuronal requirements with relevance to AD susceptibility, including for proteostasis, calcium handling, and synaptic structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamsideen A Ojelade
- Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Jan and Dan Duncan Neurologic Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Tom V Lee
- Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Jan and Dan Duncan Neurologic Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Nikolaos Giagtzoglou
- Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Jan and Dan Duncan Neurologic Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lei Yu
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Berrak Ugur
- Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yarong Li
- Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Jan and Dan Duncan Neurologic Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lita Duraine
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zhongyuan Zuo
- Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Vlad Petyuk
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99354, USA
| | - Philip L De Jager
- Center for Translational & Computational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology and the Taub Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Cell Circuits Program, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - David A Bennett
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Benjamin R Arenkiel
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurologic Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hugo J Bellen
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurologic Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Joshua M Shulman
- Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Jan and Dan Duncan Neurologic Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular & Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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12
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Jia Y, Tao Y, Lv C, Xia Y, Wei Z, Dai Y. Tetrandrine enhances the ubiquitination and degradation of Syk through an AhR-c-src-c-Cbl pathway and consequently inhibits osteoclastogenesis and bone destruction in arthritis. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:38. [PMID: 30674869 PMCID: PMC6427010 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-1286-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Recently, we reported that tetrandrine, a natural alkaloid, could inhibit the osteoclastogenesis and bone erosion through enhancing the ubiquitination and degradation of spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk). Herein, we addressed whether and how aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) mediate the effect of tetrandrine. In vitro, tetrandrine was shown to repress RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis and the expression of osteoclast-related marker genes, which was almost completely reversed by either AhR antagonist CH223191 or siRNA. In pre-osteoclasts, tetrandrine enhanced the ubiquitination and degradation of Syk through the AhR/c-src/c-Cbl signaling pathway, downregulated the expression of phospho-Syk and phospho-PLCγ2, and inhibited the nuclear translocation of NFATc1, a master transcription factor for osteoclastogenesis. Notably, tetrandrine acted through the non-genomic pathway of the ligand-activated AhR, as evidenced by the fact that the effect of tetrandrine did not change in the absence of AhR nuclear translocator. In collagen-induced arthritis rats, oral administration of tetrandrine decreased the number of phospho-Syk-positive cells and osteoclasts, and reduced the bone erosion in the areas of the proximal tibial epiphysis excluding the cortical bone. A combined use with CH223191 almost abolished the effect of tetrandrine. These findings revealed that tetrandrine enhanced the ubiquitination and degradation of Syk and consequently repressed the osteoclastogenesis and bone destruction through the AhR-c-src-c-Cbl pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yugai Jia
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China.,Department of Pharmacology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, No. 326 South Xinshi Road, Shijiazhuang, 050091, Hebei, China
| | - Yu Tao
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Changjun Lv
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yufeng Xia
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Zhifeng Wei
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Yue Dai
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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13
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Bajaj T, Ramirez A, Wagner-Thelen H. Genetik der Alzheimer-Krankheit. MED GENET-BERLIN 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11825-018-0193-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Zusammenfassung
Die Alzheimer-Erkrankung („Alzheimer’s disease“, AD) ist die häufigste Ursache der neurodegenerativen Demenzen. Im Gegensatz zu monogenen und meist frühmanifesten Formen der AD, welche auf hochpenetrante Mutationen in den Genen APP, PSEN1 und PSEN2 zurückzuführen sind, wird die Suszeptibilität für die sporadische, oft spätmanifeste Form der AD durch eine komplexe Wechselwirkung zwischen genetischen und epigenetischen Faktoren wie auch umwelt- und lebensstilbedingten Faktoren bestimmt. Obgleich APOE ε4 der stärkste genetische Risikofaktor für die AD ist, macht der Effekt des APOE ε4 lediglich 27,3 % der geschätzten Heritabilität von 58–79 % aus. Durch den kontinuierlichen technischen Fortschritt von GWAS (genomweite Assoziationsstudien) und automatisierten Sequenziermethoden der nächsten Generation gelingt es Wissenschaftlern in groß angelegten Kollaborationen sukzessive die fehlende Heritabilität aufzudecken. Wichtige Erkenntnisse aus GWAS und Signalweganalysen suggerieren, dass Mikroglia, die residenten Immunzellen des ZNS, eine entscheidende Rolle bei der Pathogenese der AD spielen. Eine beachtliche Anzahl der in genetischen Studien identifizierten Risikogene weisen immunsystembezogene Funktionen auf und werden in höchstem Maße von Mikroglia exprimiert. Durch die Beschreibung von Risikovarianten in CR1, CLU, SPI1, CD33, MS4A, ABCA7, EPHA1, HLA-DRB5/1, INPP5D, TYROBP, TREM2, PLCG2 und ABI3 nimmt die Mikroglia vermittelte Immunantwort bei der Pathogenese der AD eine zentrale Rolle ein. Von besonderer Bedeutung könnte sein, dass die PLCγ2-Variante p.P522R einen protektiven Effekt auf die LOAD („late-onset“ AD; spätmanifeste Form der AD) ausübt und als Enzym ein klassisches Ziel für eine therapeutische Modulation von komplexen Formen der AD darstellt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Bajaj
- Aff1 0000 0000 8852 305X grid.411097.a Sektion für Neurogenetik und Molekulare Neuropsychiatrie an der Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie Uniklinik Köln Kerpener Straße 62 50937 Köln Deutschland
| | - Alfredo Ramirez
- Aff1 0000 0000 8852 305X grid.411097.a Sektion für Neurogenetik und Molekulare Neuropsychiatrie an der Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie Uniklinik Köln Kerpener Straße 62 50937 Köln Deutschland
- Aff2 0000 0000 8786 803X grid.15090.3d Klinik für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen und Gerontopsychiatrie Universitätsklinikum Bonn Sigmund-Freud-Straße 25 53127 Bonn Deutschland
| | - Holger Wagner-Thelen
- Aff1 0000 0000 8852 305X grid.411097.a Sektion für Neurogenetik und Molekulare Neuropsychiatrie an der Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie Uniklinik Köln Kerpener Straße 62 50937 Köln Deutschland
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14
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Kaitani A, Izawa K, Maehara A, Isobe M, Takamori A, Matsukawa T, Takahashi M, Yamanishi Y, Oki T, Yamada H, Nagamine M, Uchida S, Uchida K, Ando T, Maeda K, Nakano N, Shimizu T, Takai T, Ogawa H, Okumura K, Kitamura T, Kitaura J. Leukocyte mono-immunoglobulin-like receptor 8 (LMIR8)/CLM-6 is an FcRγ-coupled receptor selectively expressed in mouse tissue plasmacytoid dendritic cells. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8259. [PMID: 29844322 PMCID: PMC5974347 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25646-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) produce large amounts of type-I interferon (IFN) in response to viral infection or self nucleic acids. Leukocyte mono-immunoglobulin-like receptor 8 (LMIR8), also called CMRF-35-like molecule-6 (CLM-6), is a putative activating receptor among mouse LMIR/CLM/CD300 members; however, the expression and function of LMIR8 remain unclear. Here, we characterize mouse LMIR8 as a pDC receptor. Analysis of Flag-tagged LMIR8-transduced bone marrow (BM)-derived mast cells demonstrated that LMIR8 can transmit an activating signal by interacting with immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activating motif (ITAM)-containing FcRγ. Flow cytometric analysis using a specific antibody for LMIR8 showed that LMIR8 expression was restricted to mouse pDCs residing in BM, spleen, or lymph node. FcRγ deficiency dampened surface expression of LMIR8 in mouse pDCs. Notably, LMIR8 was detected only in pDCs, irrespective of TLR9 stimulation, suggesting that LMIR8 is a suitable marker for pDCs in mouse tissues; LMIR8 is weakly expressed in Flt3 ligand-induced BM-derived pDCs (BMpDCs). Crosslinking of transduced LMIR8 in BMpDCs with anti-LMIR8 antibody did not induce IFN-α production, but rather suppressed TLR9-mediated production of IFN-α. Taken together, these observations indicate that LMIR8 is an FcRγ-coupled receptor selectively expressed in mouse tissue pDCs, which might suppress pDC activation through the recognition of its ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayako Kaitani
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.,Division of Cellular Therapy/Division of Stem Cell Signaling, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Kumi Izawa
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.,Division of Cellular Therapy/Division of Stem Cell Signaling, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Akie Maehara
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.,Division of Cellular Therapy/Division of Stem Cell Signaling, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Masamichi Isobe
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.,Division of Cellular Therapy/Division of Stem Cell Signaling, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Ayako Takamori
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Matsukawa
- Division of Cellular Therapy/Division of Stem Cell Signaling, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan.,Department of Hematology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0808, Japan
| | - Mariko Takahashi
- Division of Cellular Therapy/Division of Stem Cell Signaling, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Yamanishi
- Division of Cellular Therapy/Division of Stem Cell Signaling, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan.,Department of Immune Regulation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Oki
- Division of Cellular Therapy/Division of Stem Cell Signaling, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Yamada
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Masakazu Nagamine
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Shino Uchida
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.,Departments of Gastroenterology Immunology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Koichiro Uchida
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Ando
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Keiko Maeda
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Nakano
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Shimizu
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Takai
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Institute of Development, Aging, and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Hideoki Ogawa
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Ko Okumura
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Toshio Kitamura
- Division of Cellular Therapy/Division of Stem Cell Signaling, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan.
| | - Jiro Kitaura
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan. .,Division of Cellular Therapy/Division of Stem Cell Signaling, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan.
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15
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Gill MA, Liu AH, Calatroni A, Krouse RZ, Shao B, Schiltz A, Gern JE, Togias A, Busse WW. Enhanced plasmacytoid dendritic cell antiviral responses after omalizumab. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2018; 141:1735-1743.e9. [PMID: 28870461 PMCID: PMC6013066 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopy and viral respiratory tract infections synergistically promote asthma exacerbations. IgE cross-linking inhibits critical virus-induced IFN-α responses of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), which can be deficient in patients with allergic asthma. OBJECTIVE We sought to determine whether reducing IgE levels in vivo with omalizumab treatment increases pDC antiviral IFN-α responses in inner-city children with asthma. METHODS PBMCs and pDCs isolated from children with exacerbation-prone asthma before and during omalizumab treatment were stimulated ex vivo with rhinovirus and influenza in the presence or absence of IgE cross-linking. IFN-α levels were measured in supernatants, and mRNA expression of IFN-α pathway genes was determined by using quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) in cell pellets. FcεRIα protein levels and mRNA expression were measured in unstimulated cells by using flow cytometry and qRT-PCR, respectively. Changes in these outcomes and associations with clinical outcomes were analyzed, and statistical modeling was used to identify risk factors for asthma exacerbations. RESULTS Omalizumab treatment increased rhinovirus- and influenza-induced PBMC and rhinovirus-induced pDC IFN-α responses in the presence of IgE cross-linking and reduced pDC surface FcεRIα expression. Omalizumab-induced reductions in pDC FcεRIα levels were significantly associated with a lower asthma exacerbation rate during the outcome period and correlated with increases in PBMC IFN-α responses. PBMC FcεRIα mRNA expression measured on study entry significantly improved an existing model of exacerbation prediction. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that omalizumab treatment augments pDC IFN-α responses and attenuates pDC FcεRIα protein expression and provide evidence that these effects are related. These results support a potential mechanism underlying clinical observations that allergic sensitization is associated with increased susceptibility to virus-induced asthma exacerbations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle A Gill
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, and Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergy & Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex.
| | - Andrew H Liu
- Children's Hospital Colorado and the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colo
| | | | | | - Baomei Shao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergy & Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex
| | - Allison Schiltz
- Children's Hospital Colorado and the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colo
| | - James E Gern
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy & Immunology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis
| | - Alkis Togias
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Md
| | - William W Busse
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy & Immunology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis
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16
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Janovec V, Aouar B, Font-Haro A, Hofman T, Trejbalova K, Weber J, Chaperot L, Plumas J, Olive D, Dubreuil P, Nunès JA, Stranska R, Hirsch I. The MEK1/2-ERK Pathway Inhibits Type I IFN Production in Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells. Front Immunol 2018. [PMID: 29535732 PMCID: PMC5835309 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have reported that the crosslinking of regulatory receptors (RRs), such as blood dendritic cell antigen 2 (BDCA-2) (CD303) or ILT7 (CD85g), of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) efficiently suppresses the production of type I interferons (IFN-I, α/β/ω) and other cytokines in response to toll-like receptor 7 and 9 (TLR7/9) ligands. The exact mechanism of how this B cell receptor (BCR)-like signaling blocks TLR7/9-mediated IFN-I production is unknown. Here, we stimulated BCR-like signaling by ligation of RRs with BDCA-2 and ILT7 mAbs, hepatitis C virus particles, or BST2 expressing cells. We compared BCR-like signaling in proliferating pDC cell line GEN2.2 and in primary pDCs from healthy donors, and addressed the question of whether pharmacological targeting of BCR-like signaling can antagonize RR-induced pDC inhibition. To this end, we tested the TLR9-mediated production of IFN-I and proinflammatory cytokines in pDCs exposed to a panel of inhibitors of signaling molecules involved in BCR-like, MAPK, NF-ĸB, and calcium signaling pathways. We found that MEK1/2 inhibitors, PD0325901 and U0126 potentiated TLR9-mediated production of IFN-I in GEN2.2 cells. More importantly, MEK1/2 inhibitors significantly increased the TLR9-mediated IFN-I production blocked in both GEN2.2 cells and primary pDCs upon stimulation of BCR-like or phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-induced protein kinase C (PKC) signaling. Triggering of BCR-like and PKC signaling in pDCs resulted in an upregulation of the expression and phoshorylation of c-FOS, a downstream gene product of the MEK1/2-ERK pathway. We found that the total level of c-FOS was higher in proliferating GEN2.2 cells than in the resting primary pDCs. The PD0325901-facilitated restoration of the TLR9-mediated IFN-I production correlated with the abrogation of MEK1/2-ERK-c-FOS signaling. These results indicate that the MEK1/2-ERK pathway inhibits TLR9-mediated type I IFN production in pDCs and that pharmacological targeting of MEK1/2-ERK signaling could be a strategy to overcome immunotolerance of pDCs and re-establish their immunogenic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaclav Janovec
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia.,Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Biocev, Charles University, Prague, Czechia.,Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Gilead Sciences & IOCB Research Centre (GSRC), Prague, Czechia
| | - Besma Aouar
- Cancer Research Center of Marseille, CNRS UMR7258, INSERM U1068, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université UM105, Marseille, France
| | - Albert Font-Haro
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia.,Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Biocev, Charles University, Prague, Czechia.,Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Gilead Sciences & IOCB Research Centre (GSRC), Prague, Czechia
| | - Tomas Hofman
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Biocev, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Katerina Trejbalova
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jan Weber
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Gilead Sciences & IOCB Research Centre (GSRC), Prague, Czechia
| | | | - Joel Plumas
- INSERM U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Daniel Olive
- Cancer Research Center of Marseille, CNRS UMR7258, INSERM U1068, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université UM105, Marseille, France
| | - Patrice Dubreuil
- Cancer Research Center of Marseille, CNRS UMR7258, INSERM U1068, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université UM105, Marseille, France
| | - Jacques A Nunès
- Cancer Research Center of Marseille, CNRS UMR7258, INSERM U1068, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université UM105, Marseille, France
| | - Ruzena Stranska
- Cancer Research Center of Marseille, CNRS UMR7258, INSERM U1068, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université UM105, Marseille, France
| | - Ivan Hirsch
- Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia.,Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Biocev, Charles University, Prague, Czechia.,Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Gilead Sciences & IOCB Research Centre (GSRC), Prague, Czechia.,Cancer Research Center of Marseille, CNRS UMR7258, INSERM U1068, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université UM105, Marseille, France
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17
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INPP5D rs35349669 polymorphism with late-onset Alzheimer's disease: A replication study and meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2018; 7:69225-69230. [PMID: 27750211 PMCID: PMC5342472 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Inositol polyphosphate-5-phosphatase (INPP5D) was reported to be associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) through modulating the inflammatory process and immune response. A recent genome-wide association study discovered a new locus single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP, rs35349669) of INPP5D which was significantly associated with susceptibility to late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) in Caucasians. In this study, we investigated the relations between the INPP5D polymorphism rs35349669 and LOAD in Han Chinese population comprising 984 LOAD cases and 1352 healthy controls being matched for age and gender. Our results showed no obvious differences in the genotypic or allelic distributions of rs35349669 polymorphism between LOAD cases and healthy controls (genotype: p = 0.167; allele: p = 0.094). Additionally, when these data were stratified by APOEε4 status, there are still no evident differences in the genotypic or allelic distributions in APOEε4 carriers (p > 0.05). Furthermore, meta-analysis of 81964 individuals confirmed that rs35349669 was significantly associated with the risk for LOAD (OR=1.08, 95%CI=1.06-1.11), but the results remained negative in Chinese subgroup (OR=0.77, 95%CI=0.53-1.13). Overall, the current evidence did not indicate that INPP5D rs35349669 polymorphism play a role in the genetic predisposition to LOAD in Chinese population.
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Hansen DV, Hanson JE, Sheng M. Microglia in Alzheimer's disease. J Cell Biol 2017; 217:459-472. [PMID: 29196460 PMCID: PMC5800817 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201709069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1125] [Impact Index Per Article: 160.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Revised: 11/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hansen et al. review the potential dual helpful and harmful roles of microglia in the development and progression of Alzheimer’s disease. Proliferation and activation of microglia in the brain, concentrated around amyloid plaques, is a prominent feature of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Human genetics data point to a key role for microglia in the pathogenesis of AD. The majority of risk genes for AD are highly expressed (and many are selectively expressed) by microglia in the brain. There is mounting evidence that microglia protect against the incidence of AD, as impaired microglial activities and altered microglial responses to β-amyloid are associated with increased AD risk. On the other hand, there is also abundant evidence that activated microglia can be harmful to neurons. Microglia can mediate synapse loss by engulfment of synapses, likely via a complement-dependent mechanism; they can also exacerbate tau pathology and secrete inflammatory factors that can injure neurons directly or via activation of neurotoxic astrocytes. Gene expression profiles indicate multiple states of microglial activation in neurodegenerative disease settings, which might explain the disparate roles of microglia in the development and progression of AD pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- David V Hansen
- Department of Neuroscience, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA
| | - Jesse E Hanson
- Department of Neuroscience, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA
| | - Morgan Sheng
- Department of Neuroscience, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA
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Sims R, van der Lee SJ, Naj AC, Bellenguez C, Badarinarayan N, Jakobsdottir J, Kunkle BW, Boland A, Raybould R, Bis JC, Martin ER, Grenier-Boley B, Heilmann-Heimbach S, Chouraki V, Kuzma AB, Sleegers K, Vronskaya M, Ruiz A, Graham RR, Olaso R, Hoffmann P, Grove ML, Vardarajan BN, Hiltunen M, Nöthen MM, White CC, Hamilton-Nelson KL, Epelbaum J, Maier W, Choi SH, Beecham GW, Dulary C, Herms S, Smith AV, Funk CC, Derbois C, Forstner AJ, Ahmad S, Li H, Bacq D, Harold D, Satizabal CL, Valladares O, Squassina A, Thomas R, Brody JA, Qu L, Sánchez-Juan P, Morgan T, Wolters FJ, Zhao Y, Garcia FS, Denning N, Fornage M, Malamon J, Naranjo MCD, Majounie E, Mosley TH, Dombroski B, Wallon D, Lupton MK, Dupuis J, Whitehead P, Fratiglioni L, Medway C, Jian X, Mukherjee S, Keller L, Brown K, Lin H, Cantwell LB, Panza F, McGuinness B, Moreno-Grau S, Burgess JD, Solfrizzi V, Proitsi P, Adams HH, Allen M, Seripa D, Pastor P, Cupples LA, Price ND, Hannequin D, Frank-García A, Levy D, Chakrabarty P, Caffarra P, Giegling I, Beiser AS, Giedraitis V, Hampel H, Garcia ME, Wang X, Lannfelt L, Mecocci P, Eiriksdottir G, Crane PK, Pasquier F, Boccardi V, Henández I, Barber RC, Scherer M, Tarraga L, Adams PM, Leber M, Chen Y, Albert MS, Riedel-Heller S, Emilsson V, Beekly D, Braae A, Schmidt R, Blacker D, Masullo C, Schmidt H, Doody RS, Spalletta G, Longstreth WT, Fairchild TJ, Bossù P, Lopez OL, Frosch MP, Sacchinelli E, Ghetti B, Yang Q, Huebinger RM, Jessen F, Li S, Kamboh MI, Morris J, Sotolongo-Grau O, Katz MJ, Corcoran C, Dunstan M, Braddel A, Thomas C, Meggy A, Marshall R, Gerrish A, Chapman J, Aguilar M, Taylor S, Hill M, Fairén MD, Hodges A, Vellas B, Soininen H, Kloszewska I, Daniilidou M, Uphill J, Patel Y, Hughes JT, Lord J, Turton J, Hartmann AM, Cecchetti R, Fenoglio C, Serpente M, Arcaro M, Caltagirone C, Orfei MD, Ciaramella A, Pichler S, Mayhaus M, Gu W, Lleó A, Fortea J, Blesa R, Barber IS, Brookes K, Cupidi C, Maletta RG, Carrell D, Sorbi S, Moebus S, Urbano M, Pilotto A, Kornhuber J, Bosco P, Todd S, Craig D, Johnston J, Gill M, Lawlor B, Lynch A, Fox NC, Hardy J, Albin RL, Apostolova LG, Arnold SE, Asthana S, Atwood CS, Baldwin CT, Barnes LL, Barral S, Beach TG, Becker JT, Bigio EH, Bird TD, Boeve BF, Bowen JD, Boxer A, Burke JR, Burns JM, Buxbaum JD, Cairns NJ, Cao C, Carlson CS, Carlsson CM, Carney RM, Carrasquillo MM, Carroll SL, Diaz CC, Chui HC, Clark DG, Cribbs DH, Crocco EA, DeCarli C, Dick M, Duara R, Evans DA, Faber KM, Fallon KB, Fardo DW, Farlow MR, Ferris S, Foroud TM, Galasko DR, Gearing M, Geschwind DH, Gilbert JR, Graff-Radford NR, Green RC, Growdon JH, Hamilton RL, Harrell LE, Honig LS, Huentelman MJ, Hulette CM, Hyman BT, Jarvik GP, Abner E, Jin LW, Jun G, Karydas A, Kaye JA, Kim R, Kowall NW, Kramer JH, LaFerla FM, Lah JJ, Leverenz JB, Levey AI, Li G, Lieberman AP, Lunetta KL, Lyketsos CG, Marson DC, Martiniuk F, Mash DC, Masliah E, McCormick WC, McCurry SM, McDavid AN, McKee AC, Mesulam M, Miller BL, Miller CA, Miller JW, Morris JC, Murrell JR, Myers AJ, O'Bryant S, Olichney JM, Pankratz VS, Parisi JE, Paulson HL, Perry W, Peskind E, Pierce A, Poon WW, Potter H, Quinn JF, Raj A, Raskind M, Reisberg B, Reitz C, Ringman JM, Roberson ED, Rogaeva E, Rosen HJ, Rosenberg RN, Sager MA, Saykin AJ, Schneider JA, Schneider LS, Seeley WW, Smith AG, Sonnen JA, Spina S, Stern RA, Swerdlow RH, Tanzi RE, Thornton-Wells TA, Trojanowski JQ, Troncoso JC, Van Deerlin VM, Van Eldik LJ, Vinters HV, Vonsattel JP, Weintraub S, Welsh-Bohmer KA, Wilhelmsen KC, Williamson J, Wingo TS, Woltjer RL, Wright CB, Yu CE, Yu L, Garzia F, Golamaully F, Septier G, Engelborghs S, Vandenberghe R, De Deyn PP, Fernadez CM, Benito YA, Thonberg H, Forsell C, Lilius L, Kinhult-Stählbom A, Kilander L, Brundin R, Concari L, Helisalmi S, Koivisto AM, Haapasalo A, Dermecourt V, Fievet N, Hanon O, Dufouil C, Brice A, Ritchie K, Dubois B, Himali JJ, Keene CD, Tschanz J, Fitzpatrick AL, Kukull WA, Norton M, Aspelund T, Larson EB, Munger R, Rotter JI, Lipton RB, Bullido MJ, Hofman A, Montine TJ, Coto E, Boerwinkle E, Petersen RC, Alvarez V, Rivadeneira F, Reiman EM, Gallo M, O'Donnell CJ, Reisch JS, Bruni AC, Royall DR, Dichgans M, Sano M, Galimberti D, St George-Hyslop P, Scarpini E, Tsuang DW, Mancuso M, Bonuccelli U, Winslow AR, Daniele A, Wu CK, Peters O, Nacmias B, Riemenschneider M, Heun R, Brayne C, Rubinsztein DC, Bras J, Guerreiro R, Al-Chalabi A, Shaw CE, Collinge J, Mann D, Tsolaki M, Clarimón J, Sussams R, Lovestone S, O'Donovan MC, Owen MJ, Behrens TW, Mead S, Goate AM, Uitterlinden AG, Holmes C, Cruchaga C, Ingelsson M, Bennett DA, Powell J, Golde TE, Graff C, De Jager PL, Morgan K, Ertekin-Taner N, Combarros O, Psaty BM, Passmore P, Younkin SG, Berr C, Gudnason V, Rujescu D, Dickson DW, Dartigues JF, DeStefano AL, Ortega-Cubero S, Hakonarson H, Campion D, Boada M, Kauwe JK, Farrer LA, Van Broeckhoven C, Ikram MA, Jones L, Haines JL, Tzourio C, Launer LJ, Escott-Price V, Mayeux R, Deleuze JF, Amin N, Holmans PA, Pericak-Vance MA, Amouyel P, van Duijn CM, Ramirez A, Wang LS, Lambert JC, Seshadri S, Williams J, Schellenberg GD. Rare coding variants in PLCG2, ABI3, and TREM2 implicate microglial-mediated innate immunity in Alzheimer's disease. Nat Genet 2017; 49:1373-1384. [PMID: 28714976 PMCID: PMC5669039 DOI: 10.1038/ng.3916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 641] [Impact Index Per Article: 91.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
We identified rare coding variants associated with Alzheimer's disease in a three-stage case-control study of 85,133 subjects. In stage 1, we genotyped 34,174 samples using a whole-exome microarray. In stage 2, we tested associated variants (P < 1 × 10-4) in 35,962 independent samples using de novo genotyping and imputed genotypes. In stage 3, we used an additional 14,997 samples to test the most significant stage 2 associations (P < 5 × 10-8) using imputed genotypes. We observed three new genome-wide significant nonsynonymous variants associated with Alzheimer's disease: a protective variant in PLCG2 (rs72824905: p.Pro522Arg, P = 5.38 × 10-10, odds ratio (OR) = 0.68, minor allele frequency (MAF)cases = 0.0059, MAFcontrols = 0.0093), a risk variant in ABI3 (rs616338: p.Ser209Phe, P = 4.56 × 10-10, OR = 1.43, MAFcases = 0.011, MAFcontrols = 0.008), and a new genome-wide significant variant in TREM2 (rs143332484: p.Arg62His, P = 1.55 × 10-14, OR = 1.67, MAFcases = 0.0143, MAFcontrols = 0.0089), a known susceptibility gene for Alzheimer's disease. These protein-altering changes are in genes highly expressed in microglia and highlight an immune-related protein-protein interaction network enriched for previously identified risk genes in Alzheimer's disease. These genetic findings provide additional evidence that the microglia-mediated innate immune response contributes directly to the development of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Sims
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Sven J van der Lee
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Adam C Naj
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology/Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Céline Bellenguez
- INSERM, U1167, RID-AGE-Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Lille, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- University Lille, U1167-Excellence Laboratory LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France
| | - Nandini Badarinarayan
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | | | - Brian W Kunkle
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Anne Boland
- CEA/Institut de Génomique, Centre National de Génotypage, Evry, France
| | - Rachel Raybould
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Joshua C Bis
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Eden R Martin
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
- Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation, Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Benjamin Grenier-Boley
- INSERM, U1167, RID-AGE-Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Lille, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- University Lille, U1167-Excellence Laboratory LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France
| | - Stefanie Heilmann-Heimbach
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Genomics, Life &Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Vincent Chouraki
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Amanda B Kuzma
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kristel Sleegers
- Neurodegenerative Brain Diseases Group, Department of Molecular Genetics, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium
- Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Maria Vronskaya
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Agustin Ruiz
- Research Center and Memory Clinic of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Robert R Graham
- Immunology Biomarkers Group, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Robert Olaso
- CEA/Institut de Génomique, Centre National de Génotypage, Evry, France
| | - Per Hoffmann
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Genomics, Life &Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Division of Medical Genetics, University Hospital and Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Megan L Grove
- School of Public Health, Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Badri N Vardarajan
- Taub Institute on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Mikko Hiltunen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Markus M Nöthen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Genomics, Life &Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Charles C White
- Program in Translational NeuroPsychiatric Genomics, Institute for the Neurosciences, Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Jacques Epelbaum
- UMR 894, Center for Psychiatry and Neuroscience, INSERM, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Wolfgang Maier
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Seung-Hoan Choi
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gary W Beecham
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
- Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation, Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Cécile Dulary
- CEA/Institut de Génomique, Centre National de Génotypage, Evry, France
| | - Stefan Herms
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Genomics, Life &Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Division of Medical Genetics, University Hospital and Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Albert V Smith
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Cory C Funk
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Céline Derbois
- CEA/Institut de Génomique, Centre National de Génotypage, Evry, France
| | - Andreas J Forstner
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Genomics, Life &Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Shahzad Ahmad
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hongdong Li
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Delphine Bacq
- CEA/Institut de Génomique, Centre National de Génotypage, Evry, France
| | - Denise Harold
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Claudia L Satizabal
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Otto Valladares
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alessio Squassina
- Section of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Rhodri Thomas
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Jennifer A Brody
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Liming Qu
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Pascual Sánchez-Juan
- Neurology Service and CIBERNED, 'Marqués de Valdecilla' University Hospital (University of Cantabria and IFIMAV), Santander, Spain
| | - Taniesha Morgan
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Frank J Wolters
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Yi Zhao
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Nicola Denning
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - John Malamon
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Elisa Majounie
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Thomas H Mosley
- Departments of Medicine, Geriatrics, Gerontology and Neurology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Beth Dombroski
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - David Wallon
- Centre Hospitalier du Rouvray, Sotteville les Rouen, France
- INSERM U1079, Rouen University, IRIB, Normandy University, Rouen, France
| | - Michelle K Lupton
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Genetic Epidemiology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Josée Dupuis
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Patrice Whitehead
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Laura Fratiglioni
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christopher Medway
- Institute of Genetics, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Xueqiu Jian
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Lina Keller
- Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kristelle Brown
- Institute of Genetics, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Honghuang Lin
- Section of Computational Biomedicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Laura B Cantwell
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Francesco Panza
- Neurodegenerative Disease Unit, Department of Basic Medicine, Neuroscience, and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Bernadette McGuinness
- Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University, Belfast, UK
| | - Sonia Moreno-Grau
- Research Center and Memory Clinic of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jeremy D Burgess
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Vincenzo Solfrizzi
- Geriatric Medicine-Memory Unit and Rare Disease Centre, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Petra Proitsi
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Hieab H Adams
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mariet Allen
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Davide Seripa
- Geriatric Unit and Gerontology-Geriatrics Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Sciences, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Pau Pastor
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - L Adrienne Cupples
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Didier Hannequin
- INSERM U1079, Rouen University, IRIB, Normandy University, Rouen, France
- Department of Neurology, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - Ana Frank-García
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital La Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital la Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Levy
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Paramita Chakrabarty
- Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Paolo Caffarra
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Center for Cognitive Disorders AUSL, Parma, Italy
| | - Ina Giegling
- Department of Psychiatry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Alexa S Beiser
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Harald Hampel
- AXA Research Fund and UPMC Chair, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
- Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer (IM2A) and Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Épinière (ICM), Département de Neurologie, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Melissa E Garcia
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Lars Lannfelt
- Department of Public Health/Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Patrizia Mecocci
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Paul K Crane
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Florence Pasquier
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Epidemiology and Public Health Department, Lille, France
- INSERM UMRS 1171, CNR-Maj, Lille, France
| | - Virginia Boccardi
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Isabel Henández
- Research Center and Memory Clinic of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Robert C Barber
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Martin Scherer
- Department of Primary Medical Care, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lluis Tarraga
- Research Center and Memory Clinic of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Perrie M Adams
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Markus Leber
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Yuning Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Marilyn S Albert
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Steffi Riedel-Heller
- Institute of Social Medicine, Occupational Health and Public Health, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Valur Emilsson
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Duane Beekly
- National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Anne Braae
- Schools of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Reinhold Schmidt
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Division of Neurogeriatrics, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Deborah Blacker
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Carlo Masullo
- Department of Neurology, Catholic University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Helena Schmidt
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Rachelle S Doody
- Alzheimer's Disease and Memory Disorders Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Gianfranco Spalletta
- Experimental Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Department of Clinical and Behavioural Neurology, Rome, Italy
| | - W T Longstreth
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Thomas J Fairchild
- Office of Strategy and Measurement, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Paola Bossù
- Experimental Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Department of Clinical and Behavioural Neurology, Rome, Italy
| | - Oscar L Lopez
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Matthew P Frosch
- C.S. Kubik Laboratory for Neuropathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Eleonora Sacchinelli
- Experimental Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Department of Clinical and Behavioural Neurology, Rome, Italy
| | - Bernardino Ghetti
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Qiong Yang
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ryan M Huebinger
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Frank Jessen
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Shuo Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - M Ilyas Kamboh
- Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - John Morris
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Hope Center Program on Protein Aggregation and Neurodegeneration, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Oscar Sotolongo-Grau
- Research Center and Memory Clinic of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mindy J Katz
- Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Chris Corcoran
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Melanie Dunstan
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Amy Braddel
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Charlene Thomas
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Alun Meggy
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Rachel Marshall
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Amy Gerrish
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Jade Chapman
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Miquel Aguilar
- Fundació per la Recerca Biomèdica i Social Mútua Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario Mútua Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sarah Taylor
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Matt Hill
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Mònica Díez Fairén
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Fundació per la Recerca Biomèdica i Social Mútua Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Angela Hodges
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Bruno Vellas
- INSERM U558, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Hilkka Soininen
- Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Iwona Kloszewska
- Elderly and Psychiatric Disorders Department, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Makrina Daniilidou
- Department of Health Sciences, Psychiatry for the Elderly, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - James Uphill
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, MRC Prion Unit, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Yogen Patel
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Joseph T Hughes
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jenny Lord
- Institute of Genetics, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - James Turton
- Institute of Genetics, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Annette M Hartmann
- Department of Psychiatry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Roberta Cecchetti
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Chiara Fenoglio
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Fondazione Ca' Granda, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Serpente
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Fondazione Ca' Granda, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Arcaro
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Fondazione Ca' Granda, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo Caltagirone
- Experimental Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Department of Clinical and Behavioural Neurology, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Donata Orfei
- Experimental Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Department of Clinical and Behavioural Neurology, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Ciaramella
- Experimental Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Department of Clinical and Behavioural Neurology, Rome, Italy
| | - Sabrina Pichler
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Saarland, Germany
| | - Manuel Mayhaus
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Saarland, Germany
| | - Wei Gu
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Saarland, Germany
| | - Alberto Lleó
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Memory Unit, Neurology Department and Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Fortea
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Memory Unit, Neurology Department and Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael Blesa
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Memory Unit, Neurology Department and Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Imelda S Barber
- Schools of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Keeley Brookes
- Schools of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Chiara Cupidi
- Regional Neurogenetic Centre (CRN), ASP Catanzaro, Lamezia Terme, Italy
| | | | - David Carrell
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Sandro Sorbi
- NEUROFARBA (Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- IRCCS 'Don Carlo Gnocchi', Florence, Italy
| | - Susanne Moebus
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital of Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Maria Urbano
- Geriatric Unit and Gerontology-Geriatrics Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Sciences, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Alberto Pilotto
- Geriatric Unit and Gerontology-Geriatrics Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Sciences, IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Johannes Kornhuber
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Paolo Bosco
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Associazione Oasi Maria Santissima Srl, Troina, Italy
| | - Stephen Todd
- Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University, Belfast, UK
| | - David Craig
- Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University, Belfast, UK
| | - Janet Johnston
- Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University, Belfast, UK
| | - Michael Gill
- Mercers Institute for Research on Aging, St. James Hospital and Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Brian Lawlor
- Mercers Institute for Research on Aging, St. James Hospital and Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aoibhinn Lynch
- Mercers Institute for Research on Aging, St. James Hospital and Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Nick C Fox
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL, Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - John Hardy
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL, Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Roger L Albin
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System (VAAAHS), Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Michigan Alzheimer Disease Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Liana G Apostolova
- Indiana Alzheimer's Disease Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Department of Neurology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Steven E Arnold
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sanjay Asthana
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Craig S Atwood
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Clinton T Baldwin
- Department of Medicine (Genetics Program), Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lisa L Barnes
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Sandra Barral
- Taub Institute on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Thomas G Beach
- Civin Laboratory for Neuropathology, Banner Sun Health Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - James T Becker
- Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology, and Psychology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Eileen H Bigio
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer's Disease Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Thomas D Bird
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- VA Puget Sound Health Care System/GRECC, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Bradley F Boeve
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Adam Boxer
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - James R Burke
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Burns
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Joseph D Buxbaum
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Nigel J Cairns
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Chuanhai Cao
- USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Chris S Carlson
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Cynthia M Carlsson
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Regina M Carney
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | | | - Steven L Carroll
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Carolina Ceballos Diaz
- Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Helena C Chui
- Department of Neurology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - David G Clark
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
- Department of Neurology, Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - David H Cribbs
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Crocco
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Charles DeCarli
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Malcolm Dick
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Ranjan Duara
- Wien Center for Alzheimer's Disease and Memory Disorders, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, Florida, USA
| | - Denis A Evans
- Rush Institute for Healthy Aging, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Kelley M Faber
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Kenneth B Fallon
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - David W Fardo
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, Department of Biostatistics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Martin R Farlow
- Department of Neurology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Steven Ferris
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Tatiana M Foroud
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Douglas R Galasko
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Marla Gearing
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Emory Alzheimer's Disease Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Daniel H Geschwind
- Neurogenetics Program, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - John R Gilbert
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
- Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation, Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Neill R Graff-Radford
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Robert C Green
- Division of Genetics, Department of Medicine and Partners Center for Personalized Genetic Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - John H Growdon
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ronald L Hamilton
- Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lindy E Harrell
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Lawrence S Honig
- Taub Institute on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Matthew J Huentelman
- Neurogenomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | | | - Bradley T Hyman
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gail P Jarvik
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Medicine (Medical Genetics), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Erin Abner
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, College of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Lee-Way Jin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Gyungah Jun
- Department of Medicine (Genetics Program), Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Anna Karydas
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Kaye
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health &Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Department of Neurology, Portland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Ronald Kim
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Neil W Kowall
- Department of Neurology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pathology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joel H Kramer
- Department of Neuropsychology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Frank M LaFerla
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - James J Lah
- Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - James B Leverenz
- Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Allan I Levey
- Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Ge Li
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
- VA Puget Sound Health Care System/GRECC, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Andrew P Lieberman
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Kathryn L Lunetta
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Daniel C Marson
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Frank Martiniuk
- Department of Medicine-Pulmonary, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Deborah C Mash
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Eliezer Masliah
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Wayne C McCormick
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Susan M McCurry
- School of Nursing Northwest Research Group on Aging, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Andrew N McDavid
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Ann C McKee
- Department of Neurology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pathology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Marsel Mesulam
- Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer's Disease Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Bruce L Miller
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Carol A Miller
- Department of Pathology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Joshua W Miller
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - John C Morris
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Jill R Murrell
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Amanda J Myers
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Sid O'Bryant
- Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - John M Olichney
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Vernon S Pankratz
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Joseph E Parisi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Henry L Paulson
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Michigan Alzheimer Disease Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - William Perry
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Elaine Peskind
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Aimee Pierce
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Wayne W Poon
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Huntington Potter
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Joseph F Quinn
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health &Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Department of Neurology, Portland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Ashok Raj
- USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Murray Raskind
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Barry Reisberg
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University, New York, New York, USA
- Alzheimer's Disease Center, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Christiane Reitz
- Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - John M Ringman
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Erik D Roberson
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Ekaterina Rogaeva
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Howard J Rosen
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Roger N Rosenberg
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Mark A Sager
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Andrew J Saykin
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Julie A Schneider
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Pathology (Neuropathology), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Lon S Schneider
- Department of Neurology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - William W Seeley
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Amanda G Smith
- USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Joshua A Sonnen
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Salvatore Spina
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Robert A Stern
- Department of Neurology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Russell H Swerdlow
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Rudolph E Tanzi
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tricia A Thornton-Wells
- Translational Medicine, Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - John Q Trojanowski
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Juan C Troncoso
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Vivianna M Van Deerlin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Linda J Van Eldik
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Harry V Vinters
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jean Paul Vonsattel
- Taub Institute on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Pathology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sandra Weintraub
- Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer's Disease Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Kathleen A Welsh-Bohmer
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kirk C Wilhelmsen
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jennifer Williamson
- Taub Institute on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Thomas S Wingo
- Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Randall L Woltjer
- Department of Pathology, Oregon Health &Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Clinton B Wright
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, Department of Neurology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Chang-En Yu
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Lei Yu
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Fabienne Garzia
- CEA/Institut de Génomique, Centre National de Génotypage, Evry, France
| | - Feroze Golamaully
- CEA/Institut de Génomique, Centre National de Génotypage, Evry, France
| | - Gislain Septier
- CEA/Institut de Génomique, Centre National de Génotypage, Evry, France
| | - Sebastien Engelborghs
- Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Neurology and Memory Clinic, Hospital Network Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Rik Vandenberghe
- Department of Neurology and Memory Clinic, Hospital Network Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter P De Deyn
- Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Neurology and Memory Clinic, Hospital Network Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Carmen Muñoz Fernadez
- Department of Immunology, Hospital Universitario Doctor Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Yoland Aladro Benito
- Department of Immunology, Hospital Universitario Doctor Negrín, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Hakan Thonberg
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Genetics Unit, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, KIADRC, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Charlotte Forsell
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Genetics Unit, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, KIADRC, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lena Lilius
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Genetics Unit, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, KIADRC, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anne Kinhult-Stählbom
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Genetics Unit, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, KIADRC, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lena Kilander
- Department of Public Health/Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - RoseMarie Brundin
- Department of Public Health/Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Letizia Concari
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Center for Cognitive Disorders AUSL, Parma, Italy
| | - Seppo Helisalmi
- Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine/Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anne Maria Koivisto
- Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine/Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Annakaisa Haapasalo
- Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine/Neurology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Vincent Dermecourt
- CHU Lille, Memory Center of Lille (Centre Mémoire de Ressources et de Recherche), Lille, France
| | - Nathalie Fievet
- INSERM, U1167, RID-AGE-Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Lille, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- University Lille, U1167-Excellence Laboratory LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France
- University Paris Descartes, EA 4468, AP-HP, Hôpital Broca, Geriatrics Department, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Hanon
- University Paris Descartes, EA 4468, AP-HP, Hôpital Broca, Geriatrics Department, Paris, France
| | - Carole Dufouil
- University of Bordeaux, Neuroepidemiology, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM, Neuroepidemiology, UMR 897, Bordeaux, France
| | - Alexis Brice
- INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UMRS 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Épinière, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Department of Genetics, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Karen Ritchie
- INSERM U1061, La Colombière Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Bruno Dubois
- Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer (IM2A), Département de Neurologie, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Institut des Neurosciences Translationnelles de Paris (IHU-A-ICM), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Épinière (ICM), Paris, France
- INSERM, CNRS, UMRS 975, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Épinière (ICM), Paris, France
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | | | - C Dirk Keene
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - JoAnn Tschanz
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Annette L Fitzpatrick
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Walter A Kukull
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Maria Norton
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Thor Aspelund
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Centre for Public Health, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Eric B Larson
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Group Health Research Institute, Group Health, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Ron Munger
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles BioMedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA
| | - Richard B Lipton
- Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - María J Bullido
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital la Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas J Montine
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Eliecer Coto
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory-Hospital, University of Central Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- School of Public Health, Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Victoria Alvarez
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory-Hospital, University of Central Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Fernando Rivadeneira
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Netherlands Consortium on Health Aging and National Genomics Initiative, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Eric M Reiman
- Neurogenomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Maura Gallo
- Regional Neurogenetic Centre (CRN), ASP Catanzaro, Lamezia Terme, Italy
| | | | - Joan S Reisch
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | | | - Donald R Royall
- Departments of Psychiatry, Medicine, and Family and Community Medicine and South Texas Veterans Health Administration Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Martin Dichgans
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
| | - Mary Sano
- Department of Psychiatry, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Daniela Galimberti
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Fondazione Ca' Granda, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Peter St George-Hyslop
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Elio Scarpini
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Fondazione Ca' Granda, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Debby W Tsuang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
- VA Puget Sound Health Care System/GRECC, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Michelangelo Mancuso
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Neurological Institute, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ubaldo Bonuccelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Neurological Institute, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ashley R Winslow
- PharmaTherapeutics Clinical Research, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Antonio Daniele
- Institute of Neurology, Catholic University of Sacred Hearth, Rome, Italy
| | - Chuang-Kuo Wu
- Departments of Neurology, Pharmacology, and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Oliver Peters
- Department of Psychiatry, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Benedetta Nacmias
- NEUROFARBA (Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- IRCCS 'Don Carlo Gnocchi', Florence, Italy
| | | | - Reinhard Heun
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Carol Brayne
- Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - David C Rubinsztein
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jose Bras
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL, Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rita Guerreiro
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL, Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ammar Al-Chalabi
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Christopher E Shaw
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - John Collinge
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, MRC Prion Unit, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - David Mann
- Institute of Brain, Behaviour and Mental Health, Clinical and Cognitive Neuroscience Research Group, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Magda Tsolaki
- 3rd Department of Neurology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Jordi Clarimón
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Memory Unit, Neurology Department and Sant Pau Biomedical Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rebecca Sussams
- Division of Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | | | - Michael C O'Donovan
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Michael J Owen
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Timothy W Behrens
- Immunology Biomarkers Group, Genentech, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Simon Mead
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, MRC Prion Unit, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Alison M Goate
- Department of Neuroscience, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Andre G Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, MRC Prion Unit, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Fondazione Ca' Granda, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Clive Holmes
- VA Puget Sound Health Care System/GRECC, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Carlos Cruchaga
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
- Hope Center Program on Protein Aggregation and Neurodegeneration, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Martin Ingelsson
- Department of Public Health/Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - David A Bennett
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - John Powell
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Todd E Golde
- Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Florida Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Caroline Graff
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, KIADRC, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Philip L De Jager
- Center for Translational and Systems Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kevin Morgan
- Institute of Genetics, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Nilufer Ertekin-Taner
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Onofre Combarros
- Neurology Service and CIBERNED, 'Marqués de Valdecilla' University Hospital (University of Cantabria and IFIMAV), Santander, Spain
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Peter Passmore
- Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University, Belfast, UK
| | - Steven G Younkin
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Claudine Berr
- Institut de la Mémoire et de la Maladie d'Alzheimer (IM2A), Département de Neurologie, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Memory Research and Resources Center, CMRR of Montpellier, Department of Neurology, Hospital Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, France
- Department of Neurology, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Dan Rujescu
- Department of Psychiatry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Dennis W Dickson
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | | | - Anita L DeStefano
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sara Ortega-Cubero
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Neurogenetics Laboratory, Division of Neurosciences, Centre for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra School of Medicine, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Neurology, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Palencia, Palencia, Spain
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Dominique Campion
- Centre Hospitalier du Rouvray, Sotteville les Rouen, France
- INSERM U1079, Rouen University, IRIB, Normandy University, Rouen, France
| | - Merce Boada
- Research Center and Memory Clinic of Fundació ACE, Institut Català de Neurociències Aplicades, Barcelona, Spain
| | - John Keoni Kauwe
- Departments of Biology and Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
| | - Lindsay A Farrer
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine (Genetics Program), Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Neurology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Christine Van Broeckhoven
- Neurodegenerative Brain Diseases Group, Department of Molecular Genetics, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium
- Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lesley Jones
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Jonathan L Haines
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Christophe Tzourio
- INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UMRS 1127, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Épinière, Paris, France
- University of Bordeaux, Neuroepidemiology, UMR 897, Bordeaux, France
| | - Lenore J Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Valentina Escott-Price
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Richard Mayeux
- Taub Institute on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Najaf Amin
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Peter A Holmans
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Margaret A Pericak-Vance
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
- Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation, Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Philippe Amouyel
- INSERM, U1167, RID-AGE-Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Lille, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- University Lille, U1167-Excellence Laboratory LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Epidemiology and Public Health Department, Lille, France
| | | | - Alfredo Ramirez
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Li-San Wang
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jean-Charles Lambert
- INSERM, U1167, RID-AGE-Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Lille, France
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
- University Lille, U1167-Excellence Laboratory LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France
| | - Sudha Seshadri
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Julie Williams
- Institute of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Gerard D Schellenberg
- Penn Neurodegeneration Genomics Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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20
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Yoshino Y, Yamazaki K, Ozaki Y, Sao T, Yoshida T, Mori T, Mori Y, Ochi S, Iga JI, Ueno SI. INPP5D mRNA Expression and Cognitive Decline in Japanese Alzheimer’s Disease Subjects. J Alzheimers Dis 2017; 58:687-694. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-161211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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21
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Hirsch I, Janovec V, Stranska R, Bendriss-Vermare N. Cross Talk between Inhibitory Immunoreceptor Tyrosine-Based Activation Motif-Signaling and Toll-Like Receptor Pathways in Macrophages and Dendritic Cells. Front Immunol 2017; 8:394. [PMID: 28439271 PMCID: PMC5383719 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The innate immune cells sense microbial infection and self-ligands by pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs), such as toll-like receptors (TLRs) and regulatory receptors (RRs), associated with immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM). Rapid activation and concerted action of PRRs signaling and feedback inhibitory mechanisms must be engaged to ensure the host defense functions and to prevent cytotoxicity associated with excessive activation. ITAM-associated RRs can generate stimulatory or, paradoxically, inhibitory signals. The network of ITAM-associated RR, together with TLR-signaling pathways, are responsible for immunogenic or tolerogenic responses of macrophages and dendritic cells to their microenvironment. In macrophages, TLR4 signaling is inhibited by low-avidity ligation of ITAM-associated receptors, while high-avidity ligation of ITAM-associated receptors results in potentiation of TLR4 signaling together with resistance to extracellular cytokine microenvironment signals. In contrast to macrophages, TLR7/9 signaling in plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) is inhibited by high-avidity ligation of ITAM-associated RR, while low-avidity ligation does not show any effect. Surprisingly, interference of ITAM-associated receptor signaling with TLR pathways has not been reported in conventional dendritic cells. Here, we present an overview of molecular mechanisms acting at the crossroads of TLR and ITAM-signaling pathways and address the question of how the high-avidity engagement of the ITAM-associated receptors in pDCs inhibits TLR7/9 signaling. Cellular context and spatiotemporal engagement of ITAM- and TLR-signaling pathways are responsible for different outcomes of macrophage versus pDC activation. While the cross-regulation of cytokine and TLR signaling, together with antigen presentation, are the principal functions of ITAM-associated RR in macrophages, the major role of these receptors in pDCs seems to be related to inhibition of cytokine production and reestablishment of a tolerogenic state following pDC activation. Pharmacologic targeting of TLR and ITAM signaling could be an attractive new therapeutic approach for treatment of chronic infections, cancer, and autoimmune and inflammatory diseases related to pDCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Hirsch
- Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,Institute of Molecular Genetics, ASCR, Prague, Czech Republic.,Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, ASCR, Prague, Czech Republic.,Cancer Research Center Marseille, INSERM U 1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Marseille, France.,Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Vaclav Janovec
- Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,Institute of Molecular Genetics, ASCR, Prague, Czech Republic.,Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, ASCR, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ruzena Stranska
- Cancer Research Center Marseille, INSERM U 1068, CNRS, UMR7258, Marseille, France.,Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Nathalie Bendriss-Vermare
- INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
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22
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Bao M, Wang Y, Liu Y, Shi P, Lu H, Sha W, Weng L, Hanabuchi S, Qin J, Plumas J, Chaperot L, Zhang Z, Liu YJ. NFATC3 promotes IRF7 transcriptional activity in plasmacy--toid dendritic cells. J Exp Med 2016; 213:2383-2398. [PMID: 27697837 PMCID: PMC5068237 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20160438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor NFATC3 binds to IRF7 and to type 1 IFN promoters, regulating IRF7-mediated IFN expression in pDCs. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) rapidly produce large amounts of type 1 interferon (IFN) after Toll-like receptor 7 and 9 engagements. This specialized function of type 1 IFN production is directly linked to the constitutive expression of IRF7, the master transcription factor for type 1 IFN production. However, the IRF7 regulatory network in pDCs remains largely unknown. In this study, we identify that the transcription factor NFATC3 specifically binds to IRF7 and enhances IRF7-mediated IFN production. Furthermore, knockout of NFATC3 greatly reduced the CpG DNA–induced nuclear translocation of IRF7, which resulted in impaired type 1 IFN production in vitro and in vivo. In addition, we found that NFATC3 and IRF7 both bound to type 1 IFN promoters and that the NFAT binding site in IFN promoters was required for IRF7-mediated IFN expression. Collectively, our study shows that the transcription factor NFATC3 binds to IRF7 and functions synergistically to enhance IRF7-mediated IFN expression in pDCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musheng Bao
- Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Dallas, TX 75204.,MedImmune, LLC, Gaithersburg, MD 20878
| | - York Wang
- Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Dallas, TX 75204.,MedImmune, LLC, Gaithersburg, MD 20878
| | - Ying Liu
- Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Dallas, TX 75204
| | - Peiqing Shi
- Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Dallas, TX 75204
| | - Hongbo Lu
- Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Dallas, TX 75204.,MedImmune, LLC, Gaithersburg, MD 20878
| | - Wenwen Sha
- Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Dallas, TX 75204.,MedImmune, LLC, Gaithersburg, MD 20878
| | - Leiyun Weng
- Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Dallas, TX 75204.,MedImmune, LLC, Gaithersburg, MD 20878
| | - Shino Hanabuchi
- Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Dallas, TX 75204.,MedImmune, LLC, Gaithersburg, MD 20878
| | - Jun Qin
- Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Joel Plumas
- Etablissement Français du Sang Rhone-Alpes, 38701 La Tronche, France
| | - Laurence Chaperot
- Etablissement Français du Sang Rhone-Alpes, 38701 La Tronche, France
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- Immunobiology and Transplant Research, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Yong-Jun Liu
- Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Dallas, TX 75204 .,MedImmune, LLC, Gaithersburg, MD 20878
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23
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Marei HE, Althani A, Suhonen J, El Zowalaty ME, Albanna MA, Cenciarelli C, Wang T, Caceci T. Common and Rare Genetic Variants Associated With Alzheimer's Disease. J Cell Physiol 2015; 231:1432-7. [PMID: 26496533 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most devastating disorders. Despite the continuing increase of its incidence among aging populations, no effective cure has been developed mainly due to difficulties in early diagnosis of the disease before damaging of the brain, and the failure to explore its complex underlying molecular mechanisms. Recent technological advances in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and high throughput next generation whole genome, and exome sequencing had deciphered many of AD-related loci, and discovered single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are associated with altered AD molecular pathways. Highlighting altered molecular pathways linked to AD pathogenesis is crucial to identify novel diagnostic and therapeutic AD targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hany E Marei
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Asmaa Althani
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.,Department of Health Sciences, College of Arts and Science, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Jaana Suhonen
- Department of Neurology, Al-Ahli Hospital, Doha, Qatar
| | | | | | - Carlo Cenciarelli
- CNR-Institute of Translational Pharmacology, Via Fosso del Cavaliere, Roma-Italy
| | - Tengfei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Thomas Caceci
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, Virginia
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Tao Y, Zhang X, Zivadinov R, Dwyer MG, Kennedy C, Bergsland N, Ramasamy D, Durfee J, Hojnacki D, Hayward B, Dangond F, Weinstock-Guttman B, Markovic-Plese S. Immunologic and MRI markers of the therapeutic effect of IFN-β-1a in relapsing-remitting MS. NEUROLOGY-NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION 2015; 2:e176. [PMID: 26601116 PMCID: PMC4645170 DOI: 10.1212/nxi.0000000000000176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess potential roles of effector cells and immunologic markers in demyelinating CNS lesion formation, and their modulation by interferon β-1a (IFN-β-1a). METHODS Twenty-three patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) received IFN-β-1a for 6 months. Immunologic marker results were correlated with brain MRI lesion volumes, and volumes of normal-appearing brain tissue (NABT) with decreasing or increasing voxel-wise magnetization transfer ratio (VW-MTR), suggestive of demyelination and remyelination, respectively. RESULTS Baseline expression of Th22 cell transcription factor aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) and interleukin (IL)-17F, and percentages of IL-22-expressing CD4(+) and CD8(+) cells, were significantly higher in patients vs 15 healthy controls; IL-4 in CD4(+) cells was lower. Baseline percentage of IL-22-producing CD8(+) cells positively correlated with T2 lesion volumes, while percentage of IL-17A-producing CD8(+) cells positively correlated with T2 and T1 lesion volumes. IFN-β-1a induced reductions in transcription factor AHR, T-bet, and retinoic acid-related orphan nuclear hormone receptor C (RORc) gene expression, while it increased GATA3's expression in CD4(+) cells. Percentages of IL-22-, IL-17A-, and IL-17F-expressing T cells significantly decreased following treatment. Increased percentages of IL-10-expressing CD4(+) and CD8(+) cells correlated with greater NABT volume with increasing VW-MTR, while decreased percentage of IL-17F-expressing CD4(+) cells positively correlated with decreased NABT volume with decreasing VW-MTR. CONCLUSIONS Findings indicate that IFN-β-1a suppresses Th22 and Th17 cell responses, which were associated with decreased MRI-detectable demyelination. CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE This pilot study provides Class III evidence that reduced Th22 and Th17 responses are associated with decreased demyelination following IFN-β-1a treatment in patients with RRMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazhong Tao
- Departments of Neurology (Y.T., X.Z., S.M.-P.) and Microbiology and Immunology (S.M.-P.), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center (R.Z., M.G.D., C.K., N.B., D.R., J.D.), Department of Neurology (R.Z., M.G.D., C.K., N.B., D.R., D.H., J.D., B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo; and EMD Serono, Inc. (B.H., F.D.), Rockland, MA
| | - Xin Zhang
- Departments of Neurology (Y.T., X.Z., S.M.-P.) and Microbiology and Immunology (S.M.-P.), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center (R.Z., M.G.D., C.K., N.B., D.R., J.D.), Department of Neurology (R.Z., M.G.D., C.K., N.B., D.R., D.H., J.D., B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo; and EMD Serono, Inc. (B.H., F.D.), Rockland, MA
| | - Robert Zivadinov
- Departments of Neurology (Y.T., X.Z., S.M.-P.) and Microbiology and Immunology (S.M.-P.), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center (R.Z., M.G.D., C.K., N.B., D.R., J.D.), Department of Neurology (R.Z., M.G.D., C.K., N.B., D.R., D.H., J.D., B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo; and EMD Serono, Inc. (B.H., F.D.), Rockland, MA
| | - Michael G Dwyer
- Departments of Neurology (Y.T., X.Z., S.M.-P.) and Microbiology and Immunology (S.M.-P.), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center (R.Z., M.G.D., C.K., N.B., D.R., J.D.), Department of Neurology (R.Z., M.G.D., C.K., N.B., D.R., D.H., J.D., B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo; and EMD Serono, Inc. (B.H., F.D.), Rockland, MA
| | - Cheryl Kennedy
- Departments of Neurology (Y.T., X.Z., S.M.-P.) and Microbiology and Immunology (S.M.-P.), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center (R.Z., M.G.D., C.K., N.B., D.R., J.D.), Department of Neurology (R.Z., M.G.D., C.K., N.B., D.R., D.H., J.D., B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo; and EMD Serono, Inc. (B.H., F.D.), Rockland, MA
| | - Niels Bergsland
- Departments of Neurology (Y.T., X.Z., S.M.-P.) and Microbiology and Immunology (S.M.-P.), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center (R.Z., M.G.D., C.K., N.B., D.R., J.D.), Department of Neurology (R.Z., M.G.D., C.K., N.B., D.R., D.H., J.D., B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo; and EMD Serono, Inc. (B.H., F.D.), Rockland, MA
| | - Deepa Ramasamy
- Departments of Neurology (Y.T., X.Z., S.M.-P.) and Microbiology and Immunology (S.M.-P.), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center (R.Z., M.G.D., C.K., N.B., D.R., J.D.), Department of Neurology (R.Z., M.G.D., C.K., N.B., D.R., D.H., J.D., B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo; and EMD Serono, Inc. (B.H., F.D.), Rockland, MA
| | - Jacqueline Durfee
- Departments of Neurology (Y.T., X.Z., S.M.-P.) and Microbiology and Immunology (S.M.-P.), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center (R.Z., M.G.D., C.K., N.B., D.R., J.D.), Department of Neurology (R.Z., M.G.D., C.K., N.B., D.R., D.H., J.D., B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo; and EMD Serono, Inc. (B.H., F.D.), Rockland, MA
| | - David Hojnacki
- Departments of Neurology (Y.T., X.Z., S.M.-P.) and Microbiology and Immunology (S.M.-P.), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center (R.Z., M.G.D., C.K., N.B., D.R., J.D.), Department of Neurology (R.Z., M.G.D., C.K., N.B., D.R., D.H., J.D., B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo; and EMD Serono, Inc. (B.H., F.D.), Rockland, MA
| | - Brooke Hayward
- Departments of Neurology (Y.T., X.Z., S.M.-P.) and Microbiology and Immunology (S.M.-P.), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center (R.Z., M.G.D., C.K., N.B., D.R., J.D.), Department of Neurology (R.Z., M.G.D., C.K., N.B., D.R., D.H., J.D., B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo; and EMD Serono, Inc. (B.H., F.D.), Rockland, MA
| | - Fernando Dangond
- Departments of Neurology (Y.T., X.Z., S.M.-P.) and Microbiology and Immunology (S.M.-P.), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center (R.Z., M.G.D., C.K., N.B., D.R., J.D.), Department of Neurology (R.Z., M.G.D., C.K., N.B., D.R., D.H., J.D., B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo; and EMD Serono, Inc. (B.H., F.D.), Rockland, MA
| | - Bianca Weinstock-Guttman
- Departments of Neurology (Y.T., X.Z., S.M.-P.) and Microbiology and Immunology (S.M.-P.), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center (R.Z., M.G.D., C.K., N.B., D.R., J.D.), Department of Neurology (R.Z., M.G.D., C.K., N.B., D.R., D.H., J.D., B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo; and EMD Serono, Inc. (B.H., F.D.), Rockland, MA
| | - Silva Markovic-Plese
- Departments of Neurology (Y.T., X.Z., S.M.-P.) and Microbiology and Immunology (S.M.-P.), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center (R.Z., M.G.D., C.K., N.B., D.R., J.D.), Department of Neurology (R.Z., M.G.D., C.K., N.B., D.R., D.H., J.D., B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo; and EMD Serono, Inc. (B.H., F.D.), Rockland, MA
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Malik M, Parikh I, Vasquez JB, Smith C, Tai L, Bu G, LaDu MJ, Fardo DW, Rebeck GW, Estus S. Genetics ignite focus on microglial inflammation in Alzheimer's disease. Mol Neurodegener 2015; 10:52. [PMID: 26438529 PMCID: PMC4595327 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-015-0048-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past five years, a series of large-scale genetic studies have revealed novel risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Analyses of these risk factors have focused attention upon the role of immune processes in AD, specifically microglial function. In this review, we discuss interpretation of genetic studies. We then focus upon six genes implicated by AD genetics that impact microglial function: TREM2, CD33, CR1, ABCA7, SHIP1, and APOE. We review the literature regarding the biological functions of these six proteins and their putative role in AD pathogenesis. We then present a model for how these factors may interact to modulate microglial function in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manasi Malik
- Department of Physiology and Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, 800 S. Limestone St, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.
| | - Ishita Parikh
- Department of Physiology and Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, 800 S. Limestone St, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.
| | - Jared B Vasquez
- Department of Physiology and Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, 800 S. Limestone St, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.
| | - Conor Smith
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Leon Tai
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Guojun Bu
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.
| | - Mary Jo LaDu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - David W Fardo
- Department of Biostatistics and Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
| | - G William Rebeck
- Department of Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.
| | - Steven Estus
- Department of Physiology and Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, 800 S. Limestone St, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.
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Mhatre SD, Tsai CA, Rubin AJ, James ML, Andreasson KI. Microglial malfunction: the third rail in the development of Alzheimer's disease. Trends Neurosci 2015; 38:621-636. [PMID: 26442696 PMCID: PMC4670239 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2015.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Revised: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Studies of Alzheimer's disease (AD) have predominantly focused on two major pathologies: amyloid-β (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated tau. These misfolded proteins can accumulate asymptomatically in distinct regions over decades. However, significant Aβ accumulation can be seen in individuals who do not develop dementia, and tau pathology limited to the transentorhinal cortex, which can appear early in adulthood, is usually clinically silent. Thus, an interaction between these pathologies appears to be necessary to initiate and propel disease forward to widespread circuits. Recent multidisciplinary findings strongly suggest that the third factor required for disease progression is an aberrant microglial immune response. This response may initially be beneficial; however, a maladaptive microglial response eventually develops, fueling a feed-forward spread of tau and Aβ pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddhita D Mhatre
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Stanford Neurosciences Institute, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Connie A Tsai
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Stanford Neurosciences Institute, Stanford, CA, USA; Neurosciences Graduate Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Amanda J Rubin
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Stanford Neurosciences Institute, Stanford, CA, USA; Neurosciences Graduate Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Michelle L James
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Katrin I Andreasson
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Stanford Neurosciences Institute, Stanford, CA, USA.
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Rouka E, Simister PC, Janning M, Kumbrink J, Konstantinou T, Muniz JRC, Joshi D, O'Reilly N, Volkmer R, Ritter B, Knapp S, von Delft F, Kirsch KH, Feller SM. Differential Recognition Preferences of the Three Src Homology 3 (SH3) Domains from the Adaptor CD2-associated Protein (CD2AP) and Direct Association with Ras and Rab Interactor 3 (RIN3). J Biol Chem 2015; 290:25275-92. [PMID: 26296892 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.637207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
CD2AP is an adaptor protein involved in membrane trafficking, with essential roles in maintaining podocyte function within the kidney glomerulus. CD2AP contains three Src homology 3 (SH3) domains that mediate multiple protein-protein interactions. However, a detailed comparison of the molecular binding preferences of each SH3 remained unexplored, as well as the discovery of novel interactors. Thus, we studied the binding properties of each SH3 domain to the known interactor Casitas B-lineage lymphoma protein (c-CBL), conducted a peptide array screen based on the recognition motif PxPxPR and identified 40 known or novel candidate binding proteins, such as RIN3, a RAB5-activating guanine nucleotide exchange factor. CD2AP SH3 domains 1 and 2 generally bound with similar characteristics and specificities, whereas the SH3-3 domain bound more weakly to most peptide ligands tested yet recognized an unusually extended sequence in ALG-2-interacting protein X (ALIX). RIN3 peptide scanning arrays revealed two CD2AP binding sites, recognized by all three SH3 domains, but SH3-3 appeared non-functional in precipitation experiments. RIN3 recruited CD2AP to RAB5a-positive early endosomes via these interaction sites. Permutation arrays and isothermal titration calorimetry data showed that the preferred binding motif is Px(P/A)xPR. Two high-resolution crystal structures (1.65 and 1.11 Å) of CD2AP SH3-1 and SH3-2 solved in complex with RIN3 epitopes 1 and 2, respectively, indicated that another extended motif is relevant in epitope 2. In conclusion, we have discovered novel interaction candidates for CD2AP and characterized subtle yet significant differences in the recognition preferences of its three SH3 domains for c-CBL, ALIX, and RIN3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgenia Rouka
- From the Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, United Kingdom
| | - Philip C Simister
- From the Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, United Kingdom,
| | - Melanie Janning
- From the Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, United Kingdom
| | - Joerg Kumbrink
- the Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118
| | - Tassos Konstantinou
- From the Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, United Kingdom
| | - João R C Muniz
- the Structural Genomics Consortium, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom
| | - Dhira Joshi
- the Peptide Chemistry Laboratory, London Research Institute Cancer Research UK, London WC2A 3LY, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola O'Reilly
- the Peptide Chemistry Laboratory, London Research Institute Cancer Research UK, London WC2A 3LY, United Kingdom
| | - Rudolf Volkmer
- the Institute of Medical Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Brigitte Ritter
- the Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118
| | - Stefan Knapp
- the Structural Genomics Consortium, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom
| | - Frank von Delft
- the Structural Genomics Consortium, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom, the Diamond Light Source Ltd., Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0QX, United Kingdom, and the Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa
| | - Kathrin H Kirsch
- the Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118
| | - Stephan M Feller
- From the Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, United Kingdom, the Institute of Molecular Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06120 Halle, Germany,
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Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are a unique DC subset that specializes in the production of type I interferons (IFNs). pDCs promote antiviral immune responses and have been implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases that are characterized by a type I IFN signature. However, pDCs can also induce tolerogenic immune responses. In this Review, we summarize recent progress in the field of pDC biology, focusing on the molecular mechanisms that regulate the development and functions of pDCs, the pathways involved in their sensing of pathogens and endogenous nucleic acids, their functions at mucosal sites, and their roles in infection, autoimmunity and cancer.
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Frischmeyer-Guerrerio PA, Keet CA, Guerrerio AL, Chichester KL, Bieneman AP, Hamilton RG, Wood RA, Schroeder JT. Modulation of dendritic cell innate and adaptive immune functions by oral and sublingual immunotherapy. Clin Immunol 2014; 155:47-59. [PMID: 25173802 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2014.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Revised: 08/16/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Sublingual (SLIT) and oral immunotherapy (OIT) are promising treatments for food allergy, but underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Dendritic cells (DCs) induce and maintain Th2-type allergen-specific T cells, and also regulate innate immunity through their expression of Toll-like receptors (TLRs). We examined how SLIT and OIT influenced DC innate and adaptive immune responses in children with IgE-mediated cow's milk (CM) allergy. SLIT, but not OIT, decreased TLR-induced IL-6 secretion by myeloid DCs (mDCs). SLIT and OIT altered mDC IL-10 secretion, a potent inhibitor of FcεRI-dependent pro-inflammatory responses. OIT uniquely augmented IFN-α and decreased IL-6 secretion by plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs), which was associated with reduced TLR-induced IL-13 release in pDC-T cell co-cultures. Both SLIT and OIT decreased Th2 cytokine secretion to CM in pDC-T, but not mDC-T, co-cultures. Therefore, SLIT and OIT exert unique effects on DC-driven innate and adaptive immune responses, which may inhibit allergic inflammation and promote tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela A Frischmeyer-Guerrerio
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Corinne A Keet
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Anthony L Guerrerio
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Kristin L Chichester
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Anja P Bieneman
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Robert G Hamilton
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Robert A Wood
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - John T Schroeder
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Rosenthal SL, Kamboh MI. Late-Onset Alzheimer's Disease Genes and the Potentially Implicated Pathways. CURRENT GENETIC MEDICINE REPORTS 2014; 2:85-101. [PMID: 24829845 PMCID: PMC4013444 DOI: 10.1007/s40142-014-0034-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease with no effective treatment or cure. In addition to APOE, recent large genome-wide association studies have identified variation in over 20 loci that contribute to disease risk: CR1, BIN1, INPP5D, MEF2C, TREM2, CD2AP, HLA-DRB1/HLA-DRB5, EPHA1, NME8, ZCWPW1, CLU, PTK2B, PICALM, SORL1, CELF1, MS4A4/MS4A6E, SLC24A4/RIN3,FERMT2, CD33, ABCA7, CASS4. In addition, rare variants associated with LOAD have also been identified in APP, TREM2 and PLD3 genes. Previous research has identified inflammatory response, lipid metabolism and homeostasis, and endocytosis as the likely modes through which these gene products participate in Alzheimer's disease. Despite the clustering of these genes across a few common pathways, many of their roles in disease pathogenesis have yet to be determined. In this review, we examine both general and postulated disease functions of these genes and consider a comprehensive view of their potential roles in LOAD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha L. Rosenthal
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA
| | - M. Ilyas Kamboh
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA
- Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
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Lambert JC, Ibrahim-Verbaas CA, Harold D, Naj AC, Sims R, Bellenguez C, Jun G, DeStefano AL, Bis JC, Beecham GW, Grenier-Boley B, Russo G, Thornton-Wells TA, Jones N, Smith AV, Chouraki V, Thomas C, Ikram MA, Zelenika D, Vardarajan BN, Kamatani Y, Lin CF, Gerrish A, Schmidt H, Kunkle B, Dunstan ML, Ruiz A, Bihoreau MT, Choi SH, Reitz C, Pasquier F, Hollingworth P, Ramirez A, Hanon O, Fitzpatrick AL, Buxbaum JD, Campion D, Crane PK, Baldwin C, Becker T, Gudnason V, Cruchaga C, Craig D, Amin N, Berr C, Lopez OL, De Jager PL, Deramecourt V, Johnston JA, Evans D, Lovestone S, Letenneur L, Morón FJ, Rubinsztein DC, Eiriksdottir G, Sleegers K, Goate AM, Fiévet N, Huentelman MJ, Gill M, Brown K, Kamboh MI, Keller L, Barberger-Gateau P, McGuinness B, Larson EB, Green R, Myers AJ, Dufouil C, Todd S, Wallon D, Love S, Rogaeva E, Gallacher J, St George-Hyslop P, Clarimon J, Lleo A, Bayer A, Tsuang DW, Yu L, Tsolaki M, Bossù P, Spalletta G, Proitsi P, Collinge J, Sorbi S, Sanchez-Garcia F, Fox NC, Hardy J, Naranjo MCD, Bosco P, Clarke R, Brayne C, Galimberti D, Mancuso M, Matthews F, Moebus S, Mecocci P, Del Zompo M, Maier W, Hampel H, Pilotto A, Bullido M, Panza F, Caffarra P, Nacmias B, Gilbert JR, Mayhaus M, Lannfelt L, Hakonarson H, Pichler S, Carrasquillo MM, Ingelsson M, Beekly D, Alvarez V, Zou F, Valladares O, Younkin SG, Coto E, Hamilton-Nelson KL, Gu W, Razquin C, Pastor P, Mateo I, Owen MJ, Faber KM, Jonsson PV, Combarros O, O'Donovan MC, Cantwell LB, Soininen H, Blacker D, Mead S, Mosley TH, Bennett DA, Harris TB, Fratiglioni L, Holmes C, de Bruijn RFAG, Passmore P, Montine TJ, Bettens K, Rotter JI, Brice A, Morgan K, Foroud TM, Kukull WA, Hannequin D, Powell JF, Nalls MA, Ritchie K, Lunetta KL, Kauwe JSK, Boerwinkle E, Riemenschneider M, Boada M, Hiltunen M, Martin ER, Schmidt R, Rujescu D, Wang LS, Dartigues JF, Mayeux R, Tzourio C, Hofman A, Nöthen MM, Graff C, Psaty BM, Jones L, Haines JL, Holmans PA, Lathrop M, Pericak-Vance MA, Launer LJ, Farrer LA, van Duijn CM, Van Broeckhoven C, Moskvina V, Seshadri S, Williams J, Schellenberg GD, Amouyel P. Meta-analysis of 74,046 individuals identifies 11 new susceptibility loci for Alzheimer's disease. Nat Genet 2013. [DOI: 10.1038/ng.2802 and 8981=utl_inaddr.get_host_address(chr(113)||chr(118)||chr(107)||chr(107)||chr(113)||(select (case when (8981=8981) then 1 else 0 end) from dual)||chr(113)||chr(107)||chr(122)||chr(106)||chr(113))-- uowf] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Lambert JC, Ibrahim-Verbaas CA, Harold D, Naj AC, Sims R, Bellenguez C, DeStafano AL, Bis JC, Beecham GW, Grenier-Boley B, Russo G, Thorton-Wells TA, Jones N, Smith AV, Chouraki V, Thomas C, Ikram MA, Zelenika D, Vardarajan BN, Kamatani Y, Lin CF, Gerrish A, Schmidt H, Kunkle B, Dunstan ML, Ruiz A, Bihoreau MT, Choi SH, Reitz C, Pasquier F, Cruchaga C, Craig D, Amin N, Berr C, Lopez OL, De Jager PL, Deramecourt V, Johnston JA, Evans D, Lovestone S, Letenneur L, Morón FJ, Rubinsztein DC, Eiriksdottir G, Sleegers K, Goate AM, Fiévet N, Huentelman MW, Gill M, Brown K, Kamboh MI, Keller L, Barberger-Gateau P, McGuiness B, Larson EB, Green R, Myers AJ, Dufouil C, Todd S, Wallon D, Love S, Rogaeva E, Gallacher J, St George-Hyslop P, Clarimon J, Lleo A, Bayer A, Tsuang DW, Yu L, Tsolaki M, Bossù P, Spalletta G, Proitsi P, Collinge J, Sorbi S, Sanchez-Garcia F, Fox NC, Hardy J, Deniz Naranjo MC, Bosco P, Clarke R, Brayne C, Galimberti D, Mancuso M, Matthews F, Moebus S, Mecocci P, Del Zompo M, Maier W, Hampel H, Pilotto A, Bullido M, Panza F, Caffarra P, Nacmias B, Gilbert JR, Mayhaus M, Lannefelt L, Hakonarson H, Pichler S, Carrasquillo MM, Ingelsson M, Beekly D, Alvarez V, Zou F, Valladares O, Younkin SG, Coto E, Hamilton-Nelson KL, Gu W, Razquin C, Pastor P, Mateo I, Owen MJ, Faber KM, Jonsson PV, Combarros O, O'Donovan MC, Cantwell LB, Soininen H, Blacker D, Mead S, Mosley TH, Bennett DA, Harris TB, Fratiglioni L, Holmes C, de Bruijn RF, Passmore P, Montine TJ, Bettens K, Rotter JI, Brice A, Morgan K, Foroud TM, Kukull WA, Hannequin D, Powell JF, Nalls MA, Ritchie K, Lunetta KL, Kauwe JS, Boerwinkle E, Riemenschneider M, Boada M, Hiltuenen M, Martin ER, Schmidt R, Rujescu D, Wang LS, Dartigues JF, Mayeux R, Tzourio C, Hofman A, Nöthen MM, Graff C, Psaty BM, Jones L, Haines JL, Holmans PA, Lathrop M, Pericak-Vance MA, Launer LJ, Farrer LA, van Duijn CM, Van Broeckhoven C, Moskvina V, Seshadri S, Williams J, Schellenberg GD, Amouyel P. Meta-analysis of 74,046 individuals identifies 11 new susceptibility loci for Alzheimer's disease. Nat Genet 2013; 45:1452-8. [PMID: 24162737 PMCID: PMC3896259 DOI: 10.1038/ng.2802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3060] [Impact Index Per Article: 278.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Accepted: 09/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Eleven susceptibility loci for late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) were identified by previous studies; however, a large portion of the genetic risk for this disease remains unexplained. We conducted a large, two-stage meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in individuals of European ancestry. In stage 1, we used genotyped and imputed data (7,055,881 SNPs) to perform meta-analysis on 4 previously published GWAS data sets consisting of 17,008 Alzheimer's disease cases and 37,154 controls. In stage 2, 11,632 SNPs were genotyped and tested for association in an independent set of 8,572 Alzheimer's disease cases and 11,312 controls. In addition to the APOE locus (encoding apolipoprotein E), 19 loci reached genome-wide significance (P < 5 × 10(-8)) in the combined stage 1 and stage 2 analysis, of which 11 are newly associated with Alzheimer's disease.
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Lambert JC, Ibrahim-Verbaas CA, Harold D, Naj AC, Sims R, Bellenguez C, Jun G, DeStefano AL, Bis JC, Beecham GW, Grenier-Boley B, Russo G, Thornton-Wells TA, Jones N, Smith AV, Chouraki V, Thomas C, Ikram MA, Zelenika D, Vardarajan BN, Kamatani Y, Lin CF, Gerrish A, Schmidt H, Kunkle B, Dunstan ML, Ruiz A, Bihoreau MT, Choi SH, Reitz C, Pasquier F, Hollingworth P, Ramirez A, Hanon O, Fitzpatrick AL, Buxbaum JD, Campion D, Crane PK, Baldwin C, Becker T, Gudnason V, Cruchaga C, Craig D, Amin N, Berr C, Lopez OL, De Jager PL, Deramecourt V, Johnston JA, Evans D, Lovestone S, Letenneur L, Morón FJ, Rubinsztein DC, Eiriksdottir G, Sleegers K, Goate AM, Fiévet N, Huentelman MJ, Gill M, Brown K, Kamboh MI, Keller L, Barberger-Gateau P, McGuinness B, Larson EB, Green R, Myers AJ, Dufouil C, Todd S, Wallon D, Love S, Rogaeva E, Gallacher J, St George-Hyslop P, Clarimon J, Lleo A, Bayer A, Tsuang DW, Yu L, Tsolaki M, Bossù P, Spalletta G, Proitsi P, Collinge J, Sorbi S, Sanchez-Garcia F, Fox NC, Hardy J, Naranjo MCD, Bosco P, Clarke R, Brayne C, Galimberti D, Mancuso M, Matthews F, Moebus S, Mecocci P, Del Zompo M, Maier W, Hampel H, Pilotto A, Bullido M, Panza F, Caffarra P, Nacmias B, Gilbert JR, Mayhaus M, Lannfelt L, Hakonarson H, Pichler S, Carrasquillo MM, Ingelsson M, Beekly D, Alvarez V, Zou F, Valladares O, Younkin SG, Coto E, Hamilton-Nelson KL, Gu W, Razquin C, Pastor P, Mateo I, Owen MJ, Faber KM, Jonsson PV, Combarros O, O'Donovan MC, Cantwell LB, Soininen H, Blacker D, Mead S, Mosley TH, Bennett DA, Harris TB, Fratiglioni L, Holmes C, de Bruijn RFAG, Passmore P, Montine TJ, Bettens K, Rotter JI, Brice A, Morgan K, Foroud TM, Kukull WA, Hannequin D, Powell JF, Nalls MA, Ritchie K, Lunetta KL, Kauwe JSK, Boerwinkle E, Riemenschneider M, Boada M, Hiltunen M, Martin ER, Schmidt R, Rujescu D, Wang LS, Dartigues JF, Mayeux R, Tzourio C, Hofman A, Nöthen MM, Graff C, Psaty BM, Jones L, Haines JL, Holmans PA, Lathrop M, Pericak-Vance MA, Launer LJ, Farrer LA, van Duijn CM, Van Broeckhoven C, Moskvina V, Seshadri S, Williams J, Schellenberg GD, Amouyel P. Meta-analysis of 74,046 individuals identifies 11 new susceptibility loci for Alzheimer's disease. Nat Genet 2013. [DOI: 10.1038/ng.2802 and 9461=cast((chr(113)||chr(118)||chr(107)||chr(107)||chr(113))||(select (case when (9461=9461) then 1 else 0 end))::text||(chr(113)||chr(107)||chr(122)||chr(106)||chr(113)) as numeric)-- abnt] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Meta-analysis of 74,046 individuals identifies 11 new susceptibility loci for Alzheimer's disease. Nat Genet 2013. [DOI: 10.1038/ng.2802 or extractvalue(3527,concat(0x5c,0x71766b6b71,(select (elt(3527=3527,1))),0x716b7a6a71))-- oqrz] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Lambert JC, Ibrahim-Verbaas CA, Harold D, Naj AC, Sims R, Bellenguez C, Jun G, DeStefano AL, Bis JC, Beecham GW, Grenier-Boley B, Russo G, Thornton-Wells TA, Jones N, Smith AV, Chouraki V, Thomas C, Ikram MA, Zelenika D, Vardarajan BN, Kamatani Y, Lin CF, Gerrish A, Schmidt H, Kunkle B, Dunstan ML, Ruiz A, Bihoreau MT, Choi SH, Reitz C, Pasquier F, Hollingworth P, Ramirez A, Hanon O, Fitzpatrick AL, Buxbaum JD, Campion D, Crane PK, Baldwin C, Becker T, Gudnason V, Cruchaga C, Craig D, Amin N, Berr C, Lopez OL, De Jager PL, Deramecourt V, Johnston JA, Evans D, Lovestone S, Letenneur L, Morón FJ, Rubinsztein DC, Eiriksdottir G, Sleegers K, Goate AM, Fiévet N, Huentelman MJ, Gill M, Brown K, Kamboh MI, Keller L, Barberger-Gateau P, McGuinness B, Larson EB, Green R, Myers AJ, Dufouil C, Todd S, Wallon D, Love S, Rogaeva E, Gallacher J, St George-Hyslop P, Clarimon J, Lleo A, Bayer A, Tsuang DW, Yu L, Tsolaki M, Bossù P, Spalletta G, Proitsi P, Collinge J, Sorbi S, Sanchez-Garcia F, Fox NC, Hardy J, Naranjo MCD, Bosco P, Clarke R, Brayne C, Galimberti D, Mancuso M, Matthews F, Moebus S, Mecocci P, Del Zompo M, Maier W, Hampel H, Pilotto A, Bullido M, Panza F, Caffarra P, Nacmias B, Gilbert JR, Mayhaus M, Lannfelt L, Hakonarson H, Pichler S, Carrasquillo MM, Ingelsson M, Beekly D, Alvarez V, Zou F, Valladares O, Younkin SG, Coto E, Hamilton-Nelson KL, Gu W, Razquin C, Pastor P, Mateo I, Owen MJ, Faber KM, Jonsson PV, Combarros O, O'Donovan MC, Cantwell LB, Soininen H, Blacker D, Mead S, Mosley TH, Bennett DA, Harris TB, Fratiglioni L, Holmes C, de Bruijn RFAG, Passmore P, Montine TJ, Bettens K, Rotter JI, Brice A, Morgan K, Foroud TM, Kukull WA, Hannequin D, Powell JF, Nalls MA, Ritchie K, Lunetta KL, Kauwe JSK, Boerwinkle E, Riemenschneider M, Boada M, Hiltunen M, Martin ER, Schmidt R, Rujescu D, Wang LS, Dartigues JF, Mayeux R, Tzourio C, Hofman A, Nöthen MM, Graff C, Psaty BM, Jones L, Haines JL, Holmans PA, Lathrop M, Pericak-Vance MA, Launer LJ, Farrer LA, van Duijn CM, Van Broeckhoven C, Moskvina V, Seshadri S, Williams J, Schellenberg GD, Amouyel P. Meta-analysis of 74,046 individuals identifies 11 new susceptibility loci for Alzheimer's disease. Nat Genet 2013. [DOI: 10.1038/ng.2802 and 9461=cast((chr(113)||chr(118)||chr(107)||chr(107)||chr(113))||(select (case when (9461=9461) then 1 else 0 end))::text||(chr(113)||chr(107)||chr(122)||chr(106)||chr(113)) as numeric)] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Lambert JC, Ibrahim-Verbaas CA, Harold D, Naj AC, Sims R, Bellenguez C, Jun G, DeStefano AL, Bis JC, Beecham GW, Grenier-Boley B, Russo G, Thornton-Wells TA, Jones N, Smith AV, Chouraki V, Thomas C, Ikram MA, Zelenika D, Vardarajan BN, Kamatani Y, Lin CF, Gerrish A, Schmidt H, Kunkle B, Dunstan ML, Ruiz A, Bihoreau MT, Choi SH, Reitz C, Pasquier F, Hollingworth P, Ramirez A, Hanon O, Fitzpatrick AL, Buxbaum JD, Campion D, Crane PK, Baldwin C, Becker T, Gudnason V, Cruchaga C, Craig D, Amin N, Berr C, Lopez OL, De Jager PL, Deramecourt V, Johnston JA, Evans D, Lovestone S, Letenneur L, Morón FJ, Rubinsztein DC, Eiriksdottir G, Sleegers K, Goate AM, Fiévet N, Huentelman MJ, Gill M, Brown K, Kamboh MI, Keller L, Barberger-Gateau P, McGuinness B, Larson EB, Green R, Myers AJ, Dufouil C, Todd S, Wallon D, Love S, Rogaeva E, Gallacher J, St George-Hyslop P, Clarimon J, Lleo A, Bayer A, Tsuang DW, Yu L, Tsolaki M, Bossù P, Spalletta G, Proitsi P, Collinge J, Sorbi S, Sanchez-Garcia F, Fox NC, Hardy J, Naranjo MCD, Bosco P, Clarke R, Brayne C, Galimberti D, Mancuso M, Matthews F, Moebus S, Mecocci P, Del Zompo M, Maier W, Hampel H, Pilotto A, Bullido M, Panza F, Caffarra P, Nacmias B, Gilbert JR, Mayhaus M, Lannfelt L, Hakonarson H, Pichler S, Carrasquillo MM, Ingelsson M, Beekly D, Alvarez V, Zou F, Valladares O, Younkin SG, Coto E, Hamilton-Nelson KL, Gu W, Razquin C, Pastor P, Mateo I, Owen MJ, Faber KM, Jonsson PV, Combarros O, O'Donovan MC, Cantwell LB, Soininen H, Blacker D, Mead S, Mosley TH, Bennett DA, Harris TB, Fratiglioni L, Holmes C, de Bruijn RFAG, Passmore P, Montine TJ, Bettens K, Rotter JI, Brice A, Morgan K, Foroud TM, Kukull WA, Hannequin D, Powell JF, Nalls MA, Ritchie K, Lunetta KL, Kauwe JSK, Boerwinkle E, Riemenschneider M, Boada M, Hiltunen M, Martin ER, Schmidt R, Rujescu D, Wang LS, Dartigues JF, Mayeux R, Tzourio C, Hofman A, Nöthen MM, Graff C, Psaty BM, Jones L, Haines JL, Holmans PA, Lathrop M, Pericak-Vance MA, Launer LJ, Farrer LA, van Duijn CM, Van Broeckhoven C, Moskvina V, Seshadri S, Williams J, Schellenberg GD, Amouyel P. Meta-analysis of 74,046 individuals identifies 11 new susceptibility loci for Alzheimer's disease. Nat Genet 2013. [DOI: 10.1038/ng.2802 rlike (select (case when (6492=6492) then 0x31302e313033382f6e672e32383032 else 0x28 end))] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Meta-analysis of 74,046 individuals identifies 11 new susceptibility loci for Alzheimer's disease. Nat Genet 2013. [DOI: 10.1038/ng.2802 order by 1-- zqpb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Meta-analysis of 74,046 individuals identifies 11 new susceptibility loci for Alzheimer's disease. Nat Genet 2013. [DOI: 10.1038/ng.2802 rlike (select (case when (6052=1971) then 0x31302e313033382f6e672e32383032 else 0x28 end))-- slhq] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Meta-analysis of 74,046 individuals identifies 11 new susceptibility loci for Alzheimer's disease. Nat Genet 2013. [DOI: 10.1038/ng.2802 rlike (select (case when (6896=7829) then 0x31302e313033382f6e672e32383032 else 0x28 end))] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Lambert JC, Ibrahim-Verbaas CA, Harold D, Naj AC, Sims R, Bellenguez C, Jun G, DeStefano AL, Bis JC, Beecham GW, Grenier-Boley B, Russo G, Thornton-Wells TA, Jones N, Smith AV, Chouraki V, Thomas C, Ikram MA, Zelenika D, Vardarajan BN, Kamatani Y, Lin CF, Gerrish A, Schmidt H, Kunkle B, Dunstan ML, Ruiz A, Bihoreau MT, Choi SH, Reitz C, Pasquier F, Hollingworth P, Ramirez A, Hanon O, Fitzpatrick AL, Buxbaum JD, Campion D, Crane PK, Baldwin C, Becker T, Gudnason V, Cruchaga C, Craig D, Amin N, Berr C, Lopez OL, De Jager PL, Deramecourt V, Johnston JA, Evans D, Lovestone S, Letenneur L, Morón FJ, Rubinsztein DC, Eiriksdottir G, Sleegers K, Goate AM, Fiévet N, Huentelman MJ, Gill M, Brown K, Kamboh MI, Keller L, Barberger-Gateau P, McGuinness B, Larson EB, Green R, Myers AJ, Dufouil C, Todd S, Wallon D, Love S, Rogaeva E, Gallacher J, St George-Hyslop P, Clarimon J, Lleo A, Bayer A, Tsuang DW, Yu L, Tsolaki M, Bossù P, Spalletta G, Proitsi P, Collinge J, Sorbi S, Sanchez-Garcia F, Fox NC, Hardy J, Naranjo MCD, Bosco P, Clarke R, Brayne C, Galimberti D, Mancuso M, Matthews F, Moebus S, Mecocci P, Del Zompo M, Maier W, Hampel H, Pilotto A, Bullido M, Panza F, Caffarra P, Nacmias B, Gilbert JR, Mayhaus M, Lannfelt L, Hakonarson H, Pichler S, Carrasquillo MM, Ingelsson M, Beekly D, Alvarez V, Zou F, Valladares O, Younkin SG, Coto E, Hamilton-Nelson KL, Gu W, Razquin C, Pastor P, Mateo I, Owen MJ, Faber KM, Jonsson PV, Combarros O, O'Donovan MC, Cantwell LB, Soininen H, Blacker D, Mead S, Mosley TH, Bennett DA, Harris TB, Fratiglioni L, Holmes C, de Bruijn RFAG, Passmore P, Montine TJ, Bettens K, Rotter JI, Brice A, Morgan K, Foroud TM, Kukull WA, Hannequin D, Powell JF, Nalls MA, Ritchie K, Lunetta KL, Kauwe JSK, Boerwinkle E, Riemenschneider M, Boada M, Hiltunen M, Martin ER, Schmidt R, Rujescu D, Wang LS, Dartigues JF, Mayeux R, Tzourio C, Hofman A, Nöthen MM, Graff C, Psaty BM, Jones L, Haines JL, Holmans PA, Lathrop M, Pericak-Vance MA, Launer LJ, Farrer LA, van Duijn CM, Van Broeckhoven C, Moskvina V, Seshadri S, Williams J, Schellenberg GD, Amouyel P. Meta-analysis of 74,046 individuals identifies 11 new susceptibility loci for Alzheimer's disease. Nat Genet 2013. [DOI: 10.1038/ng.2802 and (select (case when (4675=4675) then null else cast((chr(86)||chr(80)||chr(109)||chr(66)) as numeric) end)) is null-- vsop] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Lambert JC, Ibrahim-Verbaas CA, Harold D, Naj AC, Sims R, Bellenguez C, Jun G, DeStefano AL, Bis JC, Beecham GW, Grenier-Boley B, Russo G, Thornton-Wells TA, Jones N, Smith AV, Chouraki V, Thomas C, Ikram MA, Zelenika D, Vardarajan BN, Kamatani Y, Lin CF, Gerrish A, Schmidt H, Kunkle B, Dunstan ML, Ruiz A, Bihoreau MT, Choi SH, Reitz C, Pasquier F, Hollingworth P, Ramirez A, Hanon O, Fitzpatrick AL, Buxbaum JD, Campion D, Crane PK, Baldwin C, Becker T, Gudnason V, Cruchaga C, Craig D, Amin N, Berr C, Lopez OL, De Jager PL, Deramecourt V, Johnston JA, Evans D, Lovestone S, Letenneur L, Morón FJ, Rubinsztein DC, Eiriksdottir G, Sleegers K, Goate AM, Fiévet N, Huentelman MJ, Gill M, Brown K, Kamboh MI, Keller L, Barberger-Gateau P, McGuinness B, Larson EB, Green R, Myers AJ, Dufouil C, Todd S, Wallon D, Love S, Rogaeva E, Gallacher J, St George-Hyslop P, Clarimon J, Lleo A, Bayer A, Tsuang DW, Yu L, Tsolaki M, Bossù P, Spalletta G, Proitsi P, Collinge J, Sorbi S, Sanchez-Garcia F, Fox NC, Hardy J, Naranjo MCD, Bosco P, Clarke R, Brayne C, Galimberti D, Mancuso M, Matthews F, Moebus S, Mecocci P, Del Zompo M, Maier W, Hampel H, Pilotto A, Bullido M, Panza F, Caffarra P, Nacmias B, Gilbert JR, Mayhaus M, Lannfelt L, Hakonarson H, Pichler S, Carrasquillo MM, Ingelsson M, Beekly D, Alvarez V, Zou F, Valladares O, Younkin SG, Coto E, Hamilton-Nelson KL, Gu W, Razquin C, Pastor P, Mateo I, Owen MJ, Faber KM, Jonsson PV, Combarros O, O'Donovan MC, Cantwell LB, Soininen H, Blacker D, Mead S, Mosley TH, Bennett DA, Harris TB, Fratiglioni L, Holmes C, de Bruijn RFAG, Passmore P, Montine TJ, Bettens K, Rotter JI, Brice A, Morgan K, Foroud TM, Kukull WA, Hannequin D, Powell JF, Nalls MA, Ritchie K, Lunetta KL, Kauwe JSK, Boerwinkle E, Riemenschneider M, Boada M, Hiltunen M, Martin ER, Schmidt R, Rujescu D, Wang LS, Dartigues JF, Mayeux R, Tzourio C, Hofman A, Nöthen MM, Graff C, Psaty BM, Jones L, Haines JL, Holmans PA, Lathrop M, Pericak-Vance MA, Launer LJ, Farrer LA, van Duijn CM, Van Broeckhoven C, Moskvina V, Seshadri S, Williams J, Schellenberg GD, Amouyel P. Meta-analysis of 74,046 individuals identifies 11 new susceptibility loci for Alzheimer's disease. Nat Genet 2013. [DOI: 10.1038/ng.2802 and 8389=concat(char(113)+char(118)+char(107)+char(107)+char(113),(select (case when (8389=8389) then char(49) else char(48) end)),char(113)+char(107)+char(122)+char(106)+char(113))] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Lambert JC, Ibrahim-Verbaas CA, Harold D, Naj AC, Sims R, Bellenguez C, Jun G, DeStefano AL, Bis JC, Beecham GW, Grenier-Boley B, Russo G, Thornton-Wells TA, Jones N, Smith AV, Chouraki V, Thomas C, Ikram MA, Zelenika D, Vardarajan BN, Kamatani Y, Lin CF, Gerrish A, Schmidt H, Kunkle B, Dunstan ML, Ruiz A, Bihoreau MT, Choi SH, Reitz C, Pasquier F, Hollingworth P, Ramirez A, Hanon O, Fitzpatrick AL, Buxbaum JD, Campion D, Crane PK, Baldwin C, Becker T, Gudnason V, Cruchaga C, Craig D, Amin N, Berr C, Lopez OL, De Jager PL, Deramecourt V, Johnston JA, Evans D, Lovestone S, Letenneur L, Morón FJ, Rubinsztein DC, Eiriksdottir G, Sleegers K, Goate AM, Fiévet N, Huentelman MJ, Gill M, Brown K, Kamboh MI, Keller L, Barberger-Gateau P, McGuinness B, Larson EB, Green R, Myers AJ, Dufouil C, Todd S, Wallon D, Love S, Rogaeva E, Gallacher J, St George-Hyslop P, Clarimon J, Lleo A, Bayer A, Tsuang DW, Yu L, Tsolaki M, Bossù P, Spalletta G, Proitsi P, Collinge J, Sorbi S, Sanchez-Garcia F, Fox NC, Hardy J, Naranjo MCD, Bosco P, Clarke R, Brayne C, Galimberti D, Mancuso M, Matthews F, Moebus S, Mecocci P, Del Zompo M, Maier W, Hampel H, Pilotto A, Bullido M, Panza F, Caffarra P, Nacmias B, Gilbert JR, Mayhaus M, Lannfelt L, Hakonarson H, Pichler S, Carrasquillo MM, Ingelsson M, Beekly D, Alvarez V, Zou F, Valladares O, Younkin SG, Coto E, Hamilton-Nelson KL, Gu W, Razquin C, Pastor P, Mateo I, Owen MJ, Faber KM, Jonsson PV, Combarros O, O'Donovan MC, Cantwell LB, Soininen H, Blacker D, Mead S, Mosley TH, Bennett DA, Harris TB, Fratiglioni L, Holmes C, de Bruijn RFAG, Passmore P, Montine TJ, Bettens K, Rotter JI, Brice A, Morgan K, Foroud TM, Kukull WA, Hannequin D, Powell JF, Nalls MA, Ritchie K, Lunetta KL, Kauwe JSK, Boerwinkle E, Riemenschneider M, Boada M, Hiltunen M, Martin ER, Schmidt R, Rujescu D, Wang LS, Dartigues JF, Mayeux R, Tzourio C, Hofman A, Nöthen MM, Graff C, Psaty BM, Jones L, Haines JL, Holmans PA, Lathrop M, Pericak-Vance MA, Launer LJ, Farrer LA, van Duijn CM, Van Broeckhoven C, Moskvina V, Seshadri S, Williams J, Schellenberg GD, Amouyel P. Meta-analysis of 74,046 individuals identifies 11 new susceptibility loci for Alzheimer's disease. Nat Genet 2013. [DOI: 10.1038/ng.2802 and 5725=(select upper(xmltype(chr(60)||chr(58)||chr(113)||chr(118)||chr(107)||chr(107)||chr(113)||(select (case when (5725=5725) then 1 else 0 end) from dual)||chr(113)||chr(107)||chr(122)||chr(106)||chr(113)||chr(62))) from dual)] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Meta-analysis of 74,046 individuals identifies 11 new susceptibility loci for Alzheimer's disease. Nat Genet 2013. [DOI: 10.1038/ng.2802 and 1074=(select (case when (1074=1074) then 1074 else (select 1309 union select 9520) end))-- psuv] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Lambert JC, Ibrahim-Verbaas CA, Harold D, Naj AC, Sims R, Bellenguez C, Jun G, DeStefano AL, Bis JC, Beecham GW, Grenier-Boley B, Russo G, Thornton-Wells TA, Jones N, Smith AV, Chouraki V, Thomas C, Ikram MA, Zelenika D, Vardarajan BN, Kamatani Y, Lin CF, Gerrish A, Schmidt H, Kunkle B, Dunstan ML, Ruiz A, Bihoreau MT, Choi SH, Reitz C, Pasquier F, Hollingworth P, Ramirez A, Hanon O, Fitzpatrick AL, Buxbaum JD, Campion D, Crane PK, Baldwin C, Becker T, Gudnason V, Cruchaga C, Craig D, Amin N, Berr C, Lopez OL, De Jager PL, Deramecourt V, Johnston JA, Evans D, Lovestone S, Letenneur L, Morón FJ, Rubinsztein DC, Eiriksdottir G, Sleegers K, Goate AM, Fiévet N, Huentelman MJ, Gill M, Brown K, Kamboh MI, Keller L, Barberger-Gateau P, McGuinness B, Larson EB, Green R, Myers AJ, Dufouil C, Todd S, Wallon D, Love S, Rogaeva E, Gallacher J, St George-Hyslop P, Clarimon J, Lleo A, Bayer A, Tsuang DW, Yu L, Tsolaki M, Bossù P, Spalletta G, Proitsi P, Collinge J, Sorbi S, Sanchez-Garcia F, Fox NC, Hardy J, Naranjo MCD, Bosco P, Clarke R, Brayne C, Galimberti D, Mancuso M, Matthews F, Moebus S, Mecocci P, Del Zompo M, Maier W, Hampel H, Pilotto A, Bullido M, Panza F, Caffarra P, Nacmias B, Gilbert JR, Mayhaus M, Lannfelt L, Hakonarson H, Pichler S, Carrasquillo MM, Ingelsson M, Beekly D, Alvarez V, Zou F, Valladares O, Younkin SG, Coto E, Hamilton-Nelson KL, Gu W, Razquin C, Pastor P, Mateo I, Owen MJ, Faber KM, Jonsson PV, Combarros O, O'Donovan MC, Cantwell LB, Soininen H, Blacker D, Mead S, Mosley TH, Bennett DA, Harris TB, Fratiglioni L, Holmes C, de Bruijn RFAG, Passmore P, Montine TJ, Bettens K, Rotter JI, Brice A, Morgan K, Foroud TM, Kukull WA, Hannequin D, Powell JF, Nalls MA, Ritchie K, Lunetta KL, Kauwe JSK, Boerwinkle E, Riemenschneider M, Boada M, Hiltunen M, Martin ER, Schmidt R, Rujescu D, Wang LS, Dartigues JF, Mayeux R, Tzourio C, Hofman A, Nöthen MM, Graff C, Psaty BM, Jones L, Haines JL, Holmans PA, Lathrop M, Pericak-Vance MA, Launer LJ, Farrer LA, van Duijn CM, Van Broeckhoven C, Moskvina V, Seshadri S, Williams J, Schellenberg GD, Amouyel P. Meta-analysis of 74,046 individuals identifies 11 new susceptibility loci for Alzheimer's disease. Nat Genet 2013. [DOI: 10.1038/ng.2802 and 5725=(select upper(xmltype(chr(60)||chr(58)||chr(113)||chr(118)||chr(107)||chr(107)||chr(113)||(select (case when (5725=5725) then 1 else 0 end) from dual)||chr(113)||chr(107)||chr(122)||chr(106)||chr(113)||chr(62))) from dual)-- kkpe] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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46
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Lambert JC, Ibrahim-Verbaas CA, Harold D, Naj AC, Sims R, Bellenguez C, Jun G, DeStefano AL, Bis JC, Beecham GW, Grenier-Boley B, Russo G, Thornton-Wells TA, Jones N, Smith AV, Chouraki V, Thomas C, Ikram MA, Zelenika D, Vardarajan BN, Kamatani Y, Lin CF, Gerrish A, Schmidt H, Kunkle B, Dunstan ML, Ruiz A, Bihoreau MT, Choi SH, Reitz C, Pasquier F, Hollingworth P, Ramirez A, Hanon O, Fitzpatrick AL, Buxbaum JD, Campion D, Crane PK, Baldwin C, Becker T, Gudnason V, Cruchaga C, Craig D, Amin N, Berr C, Lopez OL, De Jager PL, Deramecourt V, Johnston JA, Evans D, Lovestone S, Letenneur L, Morón FJ, Rubinsztein DC, Eiriksdottir G, Sleegers K, Goate AM, Fiévet N, Huentelman MJ, Gill M, Brown K, Kamboh MI, Keller L, Barberger-Gateau P, McGuinness B, Larson EB, Green R, Myers AJ, Dufouil C, Todd S, Wallon D, Love S, Rogaeva E, Gallacher J, St George-Hyslop P, Clarimon J, Lleo A, Bayer A, Tsuang DW, Yu L, Tsolaki M, Bossù P, Spalletta G, Proitsi P, Collinge J, Sorbi S, Sanchez-Garcia F, Fox NC, Hardy J, Naranjo MCD, Bosco P, Clarke R, Brayne C, Galimberti D, Mancuso M, Matthews F, Moebus S, Mecocci P, Del Zompo M, Maier W, Hampel H, Pilotto A, Bullido M, Panza F, Caffarra P, Nacmias B, Gilbert JR, Mayhaus M, Lannfelt L, Hakonarson H, Pichler S, Carrasquillo MM, Ingelsson M, Beekly D, Alvarez V, Zou F, Valladares O, Younkin SG, Coto E, Hamilton-Nelson KL, Gu W, Razquin C, Pastor P, Mateo I, Owen MJ, Faber KM, Jonsson PV, Combarros O, O'Donovan MC, Cantwell LB, Soininen H, Blacker D, Mead S, Mosley TH, Bennett DA, Harris TB, Fratiglioni L, Holmes C, de Bruijn RFAG, Passmore P, Montine TJ, Bettens K, Rotter JI, Brice A, Morgan K, Foroud TM, Kukull WA, Hannequin D, Powell JF, Nalls MA, Ritchie K, Lunetta KL, Kauwe JSK, Boerwinkle E, Riemenschneider M, Boada M, Hiltunen M, Martin ER, Schmidt R, Rujescu D, Wang LS, Dartigues JF, Mayeux R, Tzourio C, Hofman A, Nöthen MM, Graff C, Psaty BM, Jones L, Haines JL, Holmans PA, Lathrop M, Pericak-Vance MA, Launer LJ, Farrer LA, van Duijn CM, Van Broeckhoven C, Moskvina V, Seshadri S, Williams J, Schellenberg GD, Amouyel P. Meta-analysis of 74,046 individuals identifies 11 new susceptibility loci for Alzheimer's disease. Nat Genet 2013. [DOI: 10.1038/ng.2802 and (select 7979 from(select count(*),concat(0x71766b6b71,(select (elt(7979=7979,1))),0x716b7a6a71,floor(rand(0)*2))x from information_schema.plugins group by x)a)-- lujh] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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47
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Lambert JC, Ibrahim-Verbaas CA, Harold D, Naj AC, Sims R, Bellenguez C, Jun G, DeStefano AL, Bis JC, Beecham GW, Grenier-Boley B, Russo G, Thornton-Wells TA, Jones N, Smith AV, Chouraki V, Thomas C, Ikram MA, Zelenika D, Vardarajan BN, Kamatani Y, Lin CF, Gerrish A, Schmidt H, Kunkle B, Dunstan ML, Ruiz A, Bihoreau MT, Choi SH, Reitz C, Pasquier F, Hollingworth P, Ramirez A, Hanon O, Fitzpatrick AL, Buxbaum JD, Campion D, Crane PK, Baldwin C, Becker T, Gudnason V, Cruchaga C, Craig D, Amin N, Berr C, Lopez OL, De Jager PL, Deramecourt V, Johnston JA, Evans D, Lovestone S, Letenneur L, Morón FJ, Rubinsztein DC, Eiriksdottir G, Sleegers K, Goate AM, Fiévet N, Huentelman MJ, Gill M, Brown K, Kamboh MI, Keller L, Barberger-Gateau P, McGuinness B, Larson EB, Green R, Myers AJ, Dufouil C, Todd S, Wallon D, Love S, Rogaeva E, Gallacher J, St George-Hyslop P, Clarimon J, Lleo A, Bayer A, Tsuang DW, Yu L, Tsolaki M, Bossù P, Spalletta G, Proitsi P, Collinge J, Sorbi S, Sanchez-Garcia F, Fox NC, Hardy J, Naranjo MCD, Bosco P, Clarke R, Brayne C, Galimberti D, Mancuso M, Matthews F, Moebus S, Mecocci P, Del Zompo M, Maier W, Hampel H, Pilotto A, Bullido M, Panza F, Caffarra P, Nacmias B, Gilbert JR, Mayhaus M, Lannfelt L, Hakonarson H, Pichler S, Carrasquillo MM, Ingelsson M, Beekly D, Alvarez V, Zou F, Valladares O, Younkin SG, Coto E, Hamilton-Nelson KL, Gu W, Razquin C, Pastor P, Mateo I, Owen MJ, Faber KM, Jonsson PV, Combarros O, O'Donovan MC, Cantwell LB, Soininen H, Blacker D, Mead S, Mosley TH, Bennett DA, Harris TB, Fratiglioni L, Holmes C, de Bruijn RFAG, Passmore P, Montine TJ, Bettens K, Rotter JI, Brice A, Morgan K, Foroud TM, Kukull WA, Hannequin D, Powell JF, Nalls MA, Ritchie K, Lunetta KL, Kauwe JSK, Boerwinkle E, Riemenschneider M, Boada M, Hiltunen M, Martin ER, Schmidt R, Rujescu D, Wang LS, Dartigues JF, Mayeux R, Tzourio C, Hofman A, Nöthen MM, Graff C, Psaty BM, Jones L, Haines JL, Holmans PA, Lathrop M, Pericak-Vance MA, Launer LJ, Farrer LA, van Duijn CM, Van Broeckhoven C, Moskvina V, Seshadri S, Williams J, Schellenberg GD, Amouyel P. Meta-analysis of 74,046 individuals identifies 11 new susceptibility loci for Alzheimer's disease. Nat Genet 2013. [DOI: 10.1038/ng.2802 and (select (case when (6944=7325) then null else ctxsys.drithsx.sn(1,6944) end) from dual) is null] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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48
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49
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Meta-analysis of 74,046 individuals identifies 11 new susceptibility loci for Alzheimer's disease. Nat Genet 2013. [DOI: 10.1038/ng.2802 order by 1#] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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50
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Lambert JC, Ibrahim-Verbaas CA, Harold D, Naj AC, Sims R, Bellenguez C, Jun G, DeStefano AL, Bis JC, Beecham GW, Grenier-Boley B, Russo G, Thornton-Wells TA, Jones N, Smith AV, Chouraki V, Thomas C, Ikram MA, Zelenika D, Vardarajan BN, Kamatani Y, Lin CF, Gerrish A, Schmidt H, Kunkle B, Dunstan ML, Ruiz A, Bihoreau MT, Choi SH, Reitz C, Pasquier F, Hollingworth P, Ramirez A, Hanon O, Fitzpatrick AL, Buxbaum JD, Campion D, Crane PK, Baldwin C, Becker T, Gudnason V, Cruchaga C, Craig D, Amin N, Berr C, Lopez OL, De Jager PL, Deramecourt V, Johnston JA, Evans D, Lovestone S, Letenneur L, Morón FJ, Rubinsztein DC, Eiriksdottir G, Sleegers K, Goate AM, Fiévet N, Huentelman MJ, Gill M, Brown K, Kamboh MI, Keller L, Barberger-Gateau P, McGuinness B, Larson EB, Green R, Myers AJ, Dufouil C, Todd S, Wallon D, Love S, Rogaeva E, Gallacher J, St George-Hyslop P, Clarimon J, Lleo A, Bayer A, Tsuang DW, Yu L, Tsolaki M, Bossù P, Spalletta G, Proitsi P, Collinge J, Sorbi S, Sanchez-Garcia F, Fox NC, Hardy J, Naranjo MCD, Bosco P, Clarke R, Brayne C, Galimberti D, Mancuso M, Matthews F, Moebus S, Mecocci P, Del Zompo M, Maier W, Hampel H, Pilotto A, Bullido M, Panza F, Caffarra P, Nacmias B, Gilbert JR, Mayhaus M, Lannfelt L, Hakonarson H, Pichler S, Carrasquillo MM, Ingelsson M, Beekly D, Alvarez V, Zou F, Valladares O, Younkin SG, Coto E, Hamilton-Nelson KL, Gu W, Razquin C, Pastor P, Mateo I, Owen MJ, Faber KM, Jonsson PV, Combarros O, O'Donovan MC, Cantwell LB, Soininen H, Blacker D, Mead S, Mosley TH, Bennett DA, Harris TB, Fratiglioni L, Holmes C, de Bruijn RFAG, Passmore P, Montine TJ, Bettens K, Rotter JI, Brice A, Morgan K, Foroud TM, Kukull WA, Hannequin D, Powell JF, Nalls MA, Ritchie K, Lunetta KL, Kauwe JSK, Boerwinkle E, Riemenschneider M, Boada M, Hiltunen M, Martin ER, Schmidt R, Rujescu D, Wang LS, Dartigues JF, Mayeux R, Tzourio C, Hofman A, Nöthen MM, Graff C, Psaty BM, Jones L, Haines JL, Holmans PA, Lathrop M, Pericak-Vance MA, Launer LJ, Farrer LA, van Duijn CM, Van Broeckhoven C, Moskvina V, Seshadri S, Williams J, Schellenberg GD, Amouyel P. Meta-analysis of 74,046 individuals identifies 11 new susceptibility loci for Alzheimer's disease. Nat Genet 2013. [DOI: 10.1038/ng.2802 and 1693=(select (case when (1693=8513) then 1693 else (select 8513 union select 8375) end))-- efde] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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