1
|
Sampson HA. The riddle of response to cutaneous allergen exposure in patients with atopic dermatitis. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2024; 133:244-251. [PMID: 38740132 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2024.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
The skin is the largest immunologic organ in the body and contains immune cells that play a role in both food allergen sensitization and desensitization. The dual allergen exposure hypothesis posits that sensitization to food allergens may occur with cutaneous exposure on inflamed skin, eg, atopic dermatitis, but early oral consumption generally leads to tolerance. However, only one-third of children with atopic dermatitis develop a food allergy, suggesting that there is a more complex mechanism for allergen sensitization. Emerging evidence suggests that the outcome of cutaneous allergen exposure is context-dependent and largely influenced by the state of the skin barrier with healthy skin promoting natural tolerance. Current research supports the ability to induce desensitization through repeated application of allergens to the skin, known as epicutaneous immunotherapy. Preclinical research with an occlusive patch has demonstrated a significantly reduced T-helper cell type 2-driven immunologic response when applied to intact, uninflamed skin and induction of a unique population of regulatory T cells that express a broader range of homing receptors, which may be able to maintain sustained protection. In clinical studies of children aged 1 through 11 years with a peanut allergy, epicutaneous immunotherapy with an occlusive patch led to significant desensitization with no major differences in efficacy or safety between children with and without atopic dermatitis. These data begin to answer the conundrum of how allergens that are applied to the skin can lead to both sensitization and desensitization, and future studies should enable us to optimize the power of the skin as a complex immunologic organ to treat allergic, autoimmune, and autoinflammatory disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hugh A Sampson
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Jaffe Food Allergy Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Simões MM, Paiva KLR, de Souza IF, Mello VC, Martins da Silva IG, Souza PEN, Muehlmann LA, Báo SN. The Potential of Photodynamic Therapy Using Solid Lipid Nanoparticles with Aluminum Phthalocyanine Chloride as a Nanocarrier for Modulating Immunogenic Cell Death in Murine Melanoma In Vitro. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:941. [PMID: 39065638 PMCID: PMC11280393 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16070941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) uses a photosensitizer to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) that kill target cells. In cancer treatments, PDT can potentially induce immunogenic cell death (ICD), which is characterized by a well-controlled exposure of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that activate dendritic cells (DCs) and consequently modulate the immune response in the tumor microenvironment. However, PDT still has limitations, such as the activity of photosensitizers in aqueous media and poor bioavailability. Therefore, a new photosensitizer system, SLN-AlPc, has been developed to improve the therapeutic efficacy of PDT. In vitro experiments showed that the light-excited nanocarrier increased ROS production in murine melanoma B16-F10 cells and modulated the profile of DCs. PDT induced cell death accompanied by the exposure of DAMPs and the formation of autophagosomes. In addition, the DCs exposed to PDT-treated B16-F10 cells exhibited morphological changes, increased expression of MHCII, CD86, CD80, and production of IL-12 and IFN-γ, suggesting immune activation towards an antitumor profile. These results indicate that the SLNs-AlPc protocol has the potential to improve PDT efficacy by inducing ICD and activating DCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina M. Simões
- Laboratory of Microscopy and Microanalysis, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasilia 70910-900, DF, Brazil; (M.M.S.); (K.L.R.P.); (I.F.d.S.); (V.C.M.); (I.G.M.d.S.)
| | - Karen L. R. Paiva
- Laboratory of Microscopy and Microanalysis, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasilia 70910-900, DF, Brazil; (M.M.S.); (K.L.R.P.); (I.F.d.S.); (V.C.M.); (I.G.M.d.S.)
| | - Isadora Florêncio de Souza
- Laboratory of Microscopy and Microanalysis, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasilia 70910-900, DF, Brazil; (M.M.S.); (K.L.R.P.); (I.F.d.S.); (V.C.M.); (I.G.M.d.S.)
| | - Victor Carlos Mello
- Laboratory of Microscopy and Microanalysis, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasilia 70910-900, DF, Brazil; (M.M.S.); (K.L.R.P.); (I.F.d.S.); (V.C.M.); (I.G.M.d.S.)
| | - Ingrid Gracielle Martins da Silva
- Laboratory of Microscopy and Microanalysis, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasilia 70910-900, DF, Brazil; (M.M.S.); (K.L.R.P.); (I.F.d.S.); (V.C.M.); (I.G.M.d.S.)
| | - Paulo Eduardo Narcizo Souza
- Optical Spectroscopy Laboratory, Institute of Physics, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, DF, Brazil;
| | - Luis Alexandre Muehlmann
- Laboratory of Nanoscience and Immunology, Faculty of Ceilandia, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, DF, Brazil;
| | - Sônia Nair Báo
- Laboratory of Microscopy and Microanalysis, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasilia 70910-900, DF, Brazil; (M.M.S.); (K.L.R.P.); (I.F.d.S.); (V.C.M.); (I.G.M.d.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jian Q, Fu Z, Wang H, Zhang H, Ma Y. Optimal conditions for adenoviral transduction of immature dendritic cells without affecting the tolerogenic activity of DC-based immunotherapy. J Virol Methods 2024; 327:114921. [PMID: 38552881 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2024.114921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) play a pivotal role in maintaining immune tolerance. Using recombinant adenovirus (rAd) to deliver vectors to immature dendritic cells (imDCs) is an important method for studying the tolerogenic function of DCs. We found that using RPMI medium and a higher MOI during transduction increased the expression of CD80, CD86, and MHC-II on the surface of imDCs. Our data reveal a significant increase in the secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 in the group showing the most pronounced phenotypic changes. In the mouse heart transplant model, imDCs with unstable phenotype and function due to adenoviral transduction resulted in an increased proportion of Th1 and Th17 cells in recipients. However, these effects can be managed, and our proposed optimized transduction strategy significantly minimizes these adverse effects. Our study holds significant implications for the development and optimization of immunotherapy utilizing tolerogenic dendritic cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Jian
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation and Transplant Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science and Technology (Organ Transplantation), The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zongli Fu
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation and Transplant Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science and Technology (Organ Transplantation), The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Hanyu Wang
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation and Transplant Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science and Technology (Organ Transplantation), The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Hanyuan Zhang
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation and Transplant Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science and Technology (Organ Transplantation), The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yi Ma
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation and Transplant Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science and Technology (Organ Transplantation), The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kenison JE, Stevens NA, Quintana FJ. Therapeutic induction of antigen-specific immune tolerance. Nat Rev Immunol 2024; 24:338-357. [PMID: 38086932 PMCID: PMC11145724 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-023-00970-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
The development of therapeutic approaches for the induction of robust, long-lasting and antigen-specific immune tolerance remains an important unmet clinical need for the management of autoimmunity, allergy, organ transplantation and gene therapy. Recent breakthroughs in our understanding of immune tolerance mechanisms have opened new research avenues and therapeutic opportunities in this area. Here, we review mechanisms of immune tolerance and novel methods for its therapeutic induction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica E Kenison
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nikolas A Stevens
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Francisco J Quintana
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Araujo Furlan CL, Boccardo S, Rodriguez C, Mary VS, Gimenez CMS, Robson SC, Gruppi A, Montes CL, Acosta Rodríguez EV. CD39 expression by regulatory T cells participates in CD8+ T cell suppression during experimental Trypanosoma cruzi infection. PLoS Pathog 2024; 20:e1012191. [PMID: 38683845 PMCID: PMC11081507 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1012191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
An imbalance between suppressor and effector immune responses may preclude cure in chronic parasitic diseases. In the case of Trypanosoma cruzi infection, specialized regulatory Foxp3+ T (Treg) cells suppress protective type-1 effector responses. Herein, we investigated the kinetics and underlying mechanisms behind the regulation of protective parasite-specific CD8+ T cell immunity during acute T. cruzi infection. Using the DEREG mouse model, we found that Treg cells play a role during the initial stages after T. cruzi infection, restraining the magnitude of CD8+ T cell responses and parasite control. Early Treg cell depletion increased the frequencies of polyfunctional short-lived, effector T cell subsets, without affecting memory precursor cell formation or the expression of activation, exhaustion and functional markers. In addition, Treg cell depletion during early infection minimally affected the antigen-presenting cell response but it boosted CD4+ T cell responses before the development of anti-parasite effector CD8+ T cell immunity. Crucially, the absence of CD39 expression on Treg cells significantly bolstered effector parasite-specific CD8+ T cell responses, preventing increased parasite replication in T. cruzi infected mice adoptively transferred with Treg cells. Our work underscores the crucial role of Treg cells in regulating protective anti-parasite immunity and provides evidence that CD39 expression by Treg cells represents a key immunomodulatory mechanism in this infection model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cintia L. Araujo Furlan
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología, CONICET, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Santiago Boccardo
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología, CONICET, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Constanza Rodriguez
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología, CONICET, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Verónica S. Mary
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología, CONICET, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Camila M. S. Gimenez
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología, CONICET, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Simon C. Robson
- Center for Inflammation Research, Department of Anesthesia, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Adriana Gruppi
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología, CONICET, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Carolina L. Montes
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología, CONICET, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Eva V. Acosta Rodríguez
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología, CONICET, Córdoba, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wørzner K, Zimmermann J, Buhl R, Desoi A, Christensen D, Dietrich J, Nguyen NDNT, Lindenstrøm T, Woodworth JS, Alhakeem RS, Yu S, Ødum N, Mortensen R, Ashouri JF, Pedersen GK. Repeated immunization with ATRA-containing liposomal adjuvant transdifferentiates Th17 cells to a Tr1-like phenotype. J Autoimmun 2024; 144:103174. [PMID: 38377868 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2024.103174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
In many autoimmune diseases, autoantigen-specific Th17 cells play a pivotal role in disease pathogenesis. Th17 cells can transdifferentiate into other T cell subsets in inflammatory conditions, however, there have been no attempts to target Th17 cell plasticity using vaccines. We investigated if autoantigen-specific Th17 cells could be specifically targeted using a therapeutic vaccine approach, where antigen was formulated in all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA)-containing liposomes, permitting co-delivery of antigen and ATRA to the same target cell. Whilst ATRA was previously found to broadly reduce Th17 responses, we found that antigen formulated in ATRA-containing cationic liposomes only inhibited Th17 cells in an antigen-specific manner and not when combined with an irrelevant antigen. Furthermore, this approach shifted existing Th17 cells away from IL-17A expression and transcriptomic analysis of sorted Th17 lineage cells from IL-17 fate reporter mice revealed a shift of antigen-specific Th17 cells to exTh17 cells, expressing functional markers associated with T cell regulation and tolerance. In the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mouse model of MS, vaccination with myelin-specific (MOG) antigen in ATRA-containing liposomes reduced Th17 responses and alleviated disease. This highlights the potential of therapeutic vaccination for changing the phenotype of existing Th17 cells in the context of immune mediated diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Wørzner
- Center for Vaccine Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Julie Zimmermann
- Center for Vaccine Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Regitze Buhl
- Center for Vaccine Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anna Desoi
- Center for Vaccine Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dennis Christensen
- Center for Vaccine Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jes Dietrich
- Center for Vaccine Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Thomas Lindenstrøm
- Center for Vaccine Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Joshua S Woodworth
- Center for Vaccine Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Steven Yu
- Rosalind Russell and Ephraim P. Engleman Rheumatology Research Center, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, USA
| | - Niels Ødum
- LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rasmus Mortensen
- Center for Vaccine Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Judith F Ashouri
- Rosalind Russell and Ephraim P. Engleman Rheumatology Research Center, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
| | - Gabriel K Pedersen
- Center for Vaccine Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Cuaycal AE, Teixeira LD, Lorca GL, Gonzalez CF. Lactobacillus johnsonii N6.2 phospholipids induce immature-like dendritic cells with a migratory-regulatory-like transcriptional signature. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2252447. [PMID: 37675983 PMCID: PMC10486300 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2252447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Shifts in the gut microbiota composition, called dysbiosis, have been directly associated with acute and chronic diseases. However, the underlying biological systems connecting gut dysbiosis to systemic inflammatory pathologies are not well understood. Phospholipids (PLs) act as precursors of both, bioactive inflammatory and resolving mediators. Their dysregulation is associated with chronic diseases including cancer. Gut microbial-derived lipids are structurally unique and capable of modulating host's immunity. Lactobacillus johnsonii N6.2 is a Gram-positive gut symbiont with probiotic characteristics. L. johnsonii N6.2 reduces the incidence of autoimmunity in animal models of Type 1 Diabetes and improves general wellness in healthy volunteers by promoting, in part, local and systemic anti-inflammatory responses. By utilizing bioassay-guided fractionation methods with bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs), we report here that L. johnsonii N6.2 purified lipids induce a transcriptional signature that resembles that of migratory (mig) DCs. RNAseq-based analysis showed that BMDCs stimulated with L. johnsonii N6.2 total lipids upregulate maturation-mig related genes Cd86, Cd40, Ccr7, Icam1 along with immunoregulatory genes including Itgb8, Nfkbiz, Jag1, Adora2a, IL2ra, Arg1, and Cd274. Quantitative reverse transcription (qRT)-PCR analysis indicated that PLs are the bioactive lipids triggering the BMDCs response. Antibody-blocking of surface Toll-like receptor (TLR)2 resulted in boosted PL-mediated upregulation of pro-inflammatory Il6. Chemical inhibition of the IKKα kinase from the non-canonical NF-κB pathway specifically restricted upregulation of Il6 and Tnf. Phenotypically, PL-stimulated BMDCs displayed an immature like-phenotype with significantly increased surface ICAM-1. This study provides insight into the immunoregulatory capacity of Gram-positive, gut microbial-derived phospholipids on innate immune responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra E. Cuaycal
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, Genetics Institute, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Leandro Dias Teixeira
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, Genetics Institute, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Graciela L. Lorca
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, Genetics Institute, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Claudio F. Gonzalez
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, Genetics Institute, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hervé PL, Dioszeghy V, Matthews K, Bee KJ, Campbell DE, Sampson HA. Recent advances in epicutaneous immunotherapy and potential applications in food allergy. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2023; 4:1290003. [PMID: 37965375 PMCID: PMC10641725 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2023.1290003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Given the potent immunological properties of the skin, epicutaneous immunotherapy (EPIT) emerges as a promising treatment approach for inducing immune tolerance, particularly for food allergies. Targeting the highly immunocompetent, non-vascularized epidermis allows for the application of microgram amounts of allergen while significantly reducing the risk of allergen passage into the bloodstream, thus limiting systemic allergen exposure and distribution. This makes EPIT highly suitable for the treatment of potentially life-threatening allergies such as food allergies. Multiple approaches to EPIT are currently under investigation for the treatment of food allergy, and these include the use of allergen-coated microneedles, application of allergen on the skin pretreated by tape stripping, abrasion or laser-mediated microperforation, or the application of allergen on the intact skin using an occlusive epicutaneous system. To date, the most clinically advanced approach to EPIT is the Viaskin technology platform. Viaskin is an occlusive epicutaneous system (patch) containing dried native allergen extracts, without adjuvants, which relies on frequent application for the progressive passage of small amounts of allergen to the epidermis through occlusion of the intact skin. Numerous preclinical studies of Viaskin have demonstrated that this particular approach to EPIT can induce potent and long-lasting T-regulatory cells with broad homing capabilities, which can exert their suppressive effects in multiple organs and ameliorate immune responses from different routes of allergen exposure. Clinical trials of the Viaskin patch have studied the efficacy and safety for the treatment of life-threatening allergies in younger patients, at an age when allergic diseases start to occur. Moreover, this treatment approach is designed to provide a non-invasive therapy with no restrictions on daily activities. Taken together, the preclinical and clinical data on the use of EPIT support the continued investigation of this therapeutic approach to provide improved treatment options for patients with allergic disorders in the near future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Dianne E. Campbell
- DBV Technologies, Montrouge, France
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Hugh A. Sampson
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Araujo Furlan CL, Boccardo S, Rodriguez C, Robson SC, Gruppi A, Montes CL, Acosta Rodríguez EV. CD39 expression by regulatory T cells drives CD8+ T cell suppression during experimental Trypanosoma cruzi infection. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.14.557792. [PMID: 37745571 PMCID: PMC10515944 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.14.557792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
An imbalance between suppressor and effector immune responses may preclude cure in chronic parasitic diseases. In the case of Trypanosoma cruzi infection, specialized regulatory Foxp3+ T (Treg) cells suppress protective type-1 effector responses. Herein, we investigated the kinetics and underlying mechanisms behind the regulation of protective parasite-specific CD8+ T cell immunity during acute T. cruzi infection. Using the DEREG mouse model, we found that Treg cells play a critical role during the initial stages after T. cruzi infection, subsequently influencing CD8+ T cells. Early Treg cell depletion increased the frequencies of polyfunctional short-lived, effector T cell subsets, without affecting memory precursor cell formation or the expression of activation markers. In addition, Treg cell depletion during early infection minimally affected the antigen-presenting cell response but it boosted CD4+ T cell responses before the development of anti-parasite effector CD8+ T cell responses. Crucially, the absence of CD39 expression on Treg cells significantly bolstered effector parasite-specific CD8+ T cell responses, leading to improved parasite control during T. cruzi infection. Our work underscores the crucial role of Treg cells in regulating protective anti-parasite immunity and provides evidence that CD39 expression by Treg cells represents a key immunomodulatory mechanism in this infection model.
Collapse
|
10
|
Lindsay RS, Melssen MM, Stasiak K, Annis JL, Woods AN, Rodriguez AB, Brown MG, Engelhard VH. NK cells reduce anergic T cell development in early-stage tumors by promoting myeloid cell maturation. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1058894. [PMID: 36531040 PMCID: PMC9755581 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1058894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Studies of NK cells in tumors have primarily focused on their direct actions towards tumor cells. We evaluated the impact of NK cells on expression of homing receptor ligands on tumor vasculature, intratumoral T cell number and function, and T cell activation in tumor draining lymph node. Methods Using an implantable mouse model of melanoma, T cell responses and homing receptor ligand expression on the vasculature were evaluated with and without NK cells present during the early stages of the tumor response by flow cytometry. Results NK cells in early-stage tumors are one source of IFNγ that augments homing receptor ligand expression. More significantly, NK cell depletion resulted in increased numbers of intratumoral T cells with an anergic phenotype. Anergic T cell development in tumor draining lymph node was associated with increased T-cell receptor signaling but decreased proliferation and effector cell activity, and an incomplete maturation phenotype of antigen presenting cells. These effects of NK depletion were similar to those of blocking CD40L stimulation. Discussion We conclude that an important function of NK cells is to drive proper APC maturation via CD40L during responses to early-stage tumors, reducing development of anergic T cells. The reduced development of anergic T cells resulting in improved tumor control and T cell responses when NK cells were present.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robin S. Lindsay
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Marit M. Melssen
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Katarzyna Stasiak
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Jessica L. Annis
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Amber N. Woods
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Anthony B. Rodriguez
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Michael G. Brown
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Victor H. Engelhard
- Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Stoitzner P, Romani N, Rademacher C, Probst HC, Mahnke K. Antigen targeting to dendritic cells: Still a place in future immunotherapy? Eur J Immunol 2022; 52:1909-1924. [PMID: 35598160 PMCID: PMC10084009 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202149515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The hallmark of DCs is their potent and outstanding capacity to activate naive resting T cells. As such, DCs are the sentinels of the immune system and instrumental for the induction of immune responses. This is one of the reasons, why DCs became the focus of immunotherapeutical strategies to fight infections, cancer, and autoimmunity. Besides the exploration of adoptive DC-therapy for which DCs are generated from monocytes or purified in large numbers from the blood, alternative approaches were developed such as antigen targeting of DCs. The idea behind this strategy is that DCs resident in patients' lymphoid organs or peripheral tissues can be directly loaded with antigens in situ. The proof of principle came from mouse models; subsequent translational studies confirmed the potential of this therapy. The first clinical trials demonstrated feasibility and the induction of T-cell immunity in patients. This review will cover: (i) the historical aspects of antigen targeting, (ii) briefly summarize the biology of DCs and the immunological functions upon which this concept rests, (iii) give an overview on attempts to target DC receptors with antibodies or (glycosylated) ligands, and finally, (iv) discuss the translation of antigen targeting into clinical therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Stoitzner
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Nikolaus Romani
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christoph Rademacher
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Hans Christian Probst
- Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karsten Mahnke
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Li R, Li H, Yang X, Hu H, Liu P, Liu H. Crosstalk between dendritic cells and regulatory T cells: Protective effect and therapeutic potential in multiple sclerosis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:970508. [PMID: 36177043 PMCID: PMC9513370 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.970508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system related to autoimmunity and is characterized by demyelination, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration. Cell therapies mediated by dendritic cells (DCs) and regulatory T cells (Tregs) have gradually become accumulating focusing in MS, and the protective crosstalk mechanisms between DCs and Tregs provide the basis for the efficacy of treatment regimens. In MS and its animal model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, DCs communicate with Tregs to form immune synapses and complete a variety of complex interactions to counteract the unbalanced immune tolerance. Through different co-stimulatory/inhibitory molecules, cytokines, and metabolic enzymes, DCs regulate the proliferation, differentiation and function of Tregs. On the other hand, Tregs inhibit the mature state and antigen presentation ability of DCs, ultimately improving immune tolerance. In this review, we summarized the pivotal immune targets in the interaction between DCs and Tregs, and elucidated the protective mechanisms of DC-Treg cell crosstalk in MS, finally interpreted the complex cell interplay in the manner of inhibitory feedback loops to explore novel therapeutic directions for MS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruoyu Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Yang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huiru Hu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Peidong Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Translational Medicine Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongbo Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Translational Medicine Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Hongbo Liu,
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Enhancing the anti-leukemia immunity of acute lymphocytic leukemia-derived exosome-based vaccine by downregulation of PD-L1 expression. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2022; 71:2197-2212. [DOI: 10.1007/s00262-021-03138-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
14
|
Puricelli C, Boggio E, Gigliotti CL, Stoppa I, Sutti S, Rolla R, Dianzani U. Cutting-Edge Delivery Systems and Adjuvants in Tolerogenic Vaccines: A Review. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14091782. [PMID: 36145531 PMCID: PMC9501480 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14091782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional therapies for immune-mediated diseases, including autoimmune disorders, transplant reactions, and allergies, have undergone a radical evolution in the last few decades; however, they are still not specific enough to avoid widespread immunosuppression. The idea that vaccine usage could be extended beyond its traditional immunogenic function by encompassing the ability of vaccines to induce antigen-specific tolerance may revolutionize preventive and therapeutic strategies in several clinical fields that deal with immune-mediated disorders. This approach has been supported by improved data relating to the several mechanisms involved in controlling unwanted immune responses and allowing peripheral tolerance. Given these premises, several approaches have been developed to induce peripheral tolerance against the antigens that are involved in the pathological immune response, including allergens, autoantigens, and alloantigens. Technological innovations, such as nucleic acid manipulation and the advent of micro- and nanoparticles, have further supported these novel preventive and therapeutic approaches. This review focuses on the main strategies used in the development of tolerogenic vaccines, including the technological issues used in their design and the role of “inverse adjuvants”. Even though most studies are still limited to the preclinical field, the enthusiasm generated by their results has prompted some initial clinical trials, and they show great promise for the future management of immune-mediated pathological conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Roberta Rolla
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0321-3733583; Fax: +39-0321-3733987
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Laureano RS, Sprooten J, Vanmeerbeerk I, Borras DM, Govaerts J, Naulaerts S, Berneman ZN, Beuselinck B, Bol KF, Borst J, Coosemans A, Datsi A, Fučíková J, Kinget L, Neyns B, Schreibelt G, Smits E, Sorg RV, Spisek R, Thielemans K, Tuyaerts S, De Vleeschouwer S, de Vries IJM, Xiao Y, Garg AD. Trial watch: Dendritic cell (DC)-based immunotherapy for cancer. Oncoimmunology 2022; 11:2096363. [PMID: 35800158 PMCID: PMC9255073 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2022.2096363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccination for cancer treatment has seen considerable development over recent decades. However, this field is currently in a state of flux toward niche-applications, owing to recent paradigm-shifts in immuno-oncology mobilized by T cell-targeting immunotherapies. DC vaccines are typically generated using autologous (patient-derived) DCs exposed to tumor-associated or -specific antigens (TAAs or TSAs), in the presence of immunostimulatory molecules to induce DC maturation, followed by reinfusion into patients. Accordingly, DC vaccines can induce TAA/TSA-specific CD8+/CD4+ T cell responses. Yet, DC vaccination still shows suboptimal anti-tumor efficacy in the clinic. Extensive efforts are ongoing to improve the immunogenicity and efficacy of DC vaccines, often by employing combinatorial chemo-immunotherapy regimens. In this Trial Watch, we summarize the recent preclinical and clinical developments in this field and discuss the ongoing trends and future perspectives of DC-based immunotherapy for oncological indications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raquel S Laureano
- Laboratory of Cell Stress & Immunity, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jenny Sprooten
- Laboratory of Cell Stress & Immunity, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Isaure Vanmeerbeerk
- Laboratory of Cell Stress & Immunity, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Daniel M Borras
- Laboratory of Cell Stress & Immunity, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jannes Govaerts
- Laboratory of Cell Stress & Immunity, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stefan Naulaerts
- Laboratory of Cell Stress & Immunity, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Zwi N Berneman
- Department of Haematology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Center for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | | | - Kalijn F Bol
- Department of Tumour Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences; Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jannie Borst
- Department of Immunology and Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - an Coosemans
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, ImmunOvar Research Group, Ku Leuven, Leuven Cancer Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Angeliki Datsi
- Institute for Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jitka Fučíková
- Sotio Biotech, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Immunology, Charles University, University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lisa Kinget
- Department of General Medical Oncology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bart Neyns
- Department of Medical Oncology, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Gerty Schreibelt
- Department of Tumour Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences; Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Evelien Smits
- Center for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
- Center for Oncological Research, Integrated Personalized and Precision Oncology Network, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Rüdiger V Sorg
- Institute for Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Radek Spisek
- Sotio Biotech, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Immunology, Charles University, University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kris Thielemans
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Therapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sandra Tuyaerts
- Department of Medical Oncology, UZ Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
- Laboratory of Medical and Molecular Oncology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Steven De Vleeschouwer
- Research Group Experimental Neurosurgery and Neuroanatomy, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neurosurgery, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - I Jolanda M de Vries
- Department of Tumour Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences; Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Yanling Xiao
- Department of Immunology and Oncode Institute, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Abhishek D Garg
- Laboratory of Cell Stress & Immunity, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Docq M, Vétillard M, Gallego C, Jaracz-Ros A, Mercier-Nomé F, Bachelerie F, Schlecht-Louf G. Multi-Tissue Characterization of GILZ Expression in Dendritic Cell Subsets at Steady State and in Inflammatory Contexts. Cells 2021; 10:3153. [PMID: 34831376 PMCID: PMC8623566 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are key players in the control of tolerance and immunity. Glucocorticoids (GCs) are known to regulate DC function by promoting their tolerogenic differentiation through the induction of inhibitory ligands, cytokines, and enzymes. The GC-induced effects in DCs were shown to critically depend on increased expression of the Glucocorticoid-Induced Leucine Zipper protein (GILZ). GILZ expression levels were further shown to control antigen-presenting cell function, as well as T-cell priming capacity of DCs. However, the pattern of GILZ expression in DC subsets across tissues remains poorly described, as well as the modulation of its expression levels in different pathological settings. To fill in this knowledge gap, we conducted an exhaustive analysis of GILZ relative expression levels in DC subsets from various tissues using multiparametric flow cytometry. This study was performed at steady state, in the context of acute as well as chronic skin inflammation, and in a model of cancer. Our results show the heterogeneity of GILZ expression among DC subsets as well as the complexity of its modulation, that varies in a cell subset- and context-specific manner. Considering the contribution of GILZ in the control of DC functions and its potential as an immune checkpoint in cancer settings, these results are of high relevance for optimal GILZ targeting in therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Molène Docq
- Inserm U996, Inflammation, Microbiome and Immunosurveillance, Université Paris-Saclay, 92140 Clamart, France; (M.D.); (M.V.); (C.G.); (A.J.-R.); (F.M.-N.); (F.B.)
| | - Mathias Vétillard
- Inserm U996, Inflammation, Microbiome and Immunosurveillance, Université Paris-Saclay, 92140 Clamart, France; (M.D.); (M.V.); (C.G.); (A.J.-R.); (F.M.-N.); (F.B.)
| | - Carmen Gallego
- Inserm U996, Inflammation, Microbiome and Immunosurveillance, Université Paris-Saclay, 92140 Clamart, France; (M.D.); (M.V.); (C.G.); (A.J.-R.); (F.M.-N.); (F.B.)
| | - Agnieszka Jaracz-Ros
- Inserm U996, Inflammation, Microbiome and Immunosurveillance, Université Paris-Saclay, 92140 Clamart, France; (M.D.); (M.V.); (C.G.); (A.J.-R.); (F.M.-N.); (F.B.)
| | - Françoise Mercier-Nomé
- Inserm U996, Inflammation, Microbiome and Immunosurveillance, Université Paris-Saclay, 92140 Clamart, France; (M.D.); (M.V.); (C.G.); (A.J.-R.); (F.M.-N.); (F.B.)
- IPSIT SFR-UMS, CNRS, Inserm, Institut Paris Saclay d’Innovation Thérapeutique, Université Paris-Saclay, 92296 Chatenay-Malabry, France
| | - Françoise Bachelerie
- Inserm U996, Inflammation, Microbiome and Immunosurveillance, Université Paris-Saclay, 92140 Clamart, France; (M.D.); (M.V.); (C.G.); (A.J.-R.); (F.M.-N.); (F.B.)
| | - Géraldine Schlecht-Louf
- Inserm U996, Inflammation, Microbiome and Immunosurveillance, Université Paris-Saclay, 92140 Clamart, France; (M.D.); (M.V.); (C.G.); (A.J.-R.); (F.M.-N.); (F.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Giza HM, Bozzacco L. Unboxing dendritic cells: Tales of multi-faceted biology and function. Immunology 2021; 164:433-449. [PMID: 34309853 PMCID: PMC8517577 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Often referred to as the bridge between innate and adaptive immunity, dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) that constitute a unique, yet complex cell system. Among other APCs, DCs display the unique property of inducing protective immune responses against invading microbes, or cancer cells, while safeguarding the proper homeostatic equilibrium of the immune system and maintaining self-tolerance. Unsurprisingly, DCs play a role in many diseases such as autoimmunity, allergy, infectious disease and cancer. This makes them attractive but challenging targets for therapeutics. Since their initial discovery, research and understanding of DC biology have flourished. We now recognize the presence of multiple subsets of DCs distributed across tissues. Recent studies of phenotype and gene expression at the single cell level have identified heterogeneity even within the same DC type, supporting the idea that DCs have evolved to greatly expand the flexibility of the immune system to react appropriately to a wide range of threats. This review is meant to serve as a quick and robust guide to understand the basic divisions of DC subsets and their role in the immune system. Between mice and humans, there are some differences in how these subsets are identified and function, and we will point out specific distinctions as necessary. Throughout the text, we are using both fundamental and therapeutic lens to describe overlaps and distinctions and what this could mean for future research and therapies.
Collapse
|
18
|
Hafkamp FMJ, Groot Kormelink T, de Jong EC. Targeting DCs for Tolerance Induction: Don't Lose Sight of the Neutrophils. Front Immunol 2021; 12:732992. [PMID: 34675923 PMCID: PMC8523850 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.732992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory disorders (CID), such as autoimmune diseases, are characterized by overactivation of the immune system and loss of immune tolerance. T helper 17 (Th17) cells are strongly associated with the pathogenesis of multiple CID, including psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease. In line with the increasingly recognized contribution of innate immune cells to the modulation of dendritic cell (DC) function and DC-driven adaptive immune responses, we recently showed that neutrophils are required for DC-driven Th17 cell differentiation from human naive T cells. Consequently, recruitment of neutrophils to inflamed tissues and lymph nodes likely creates a highly inflammatory loop through the induction of Th17 cells that should be intercepted to attenuate disease progression. Tolerogenic therapy via DCs, the central orchestrators of the adaptive immune response, is a promising strategy for the treatment of CID. Tolerogenic DCs could restore immune tolerance by driving the development of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the periphery. In this review, we discuss the effects of the tolerogenic adjuvants vitamin D3 (VD3), corticosteroids (CS), and retinoic acid (RA) on both DCs and neutrophils and their potential interplay. We briefly summarize how neutrophils shape DC-driven T-cell development in general. We propose that, for optimization of tolerogenic DC therapy for the treatment of CID, both DCs for tolerance induction and the neutrophil inflammatory loop should be targeted while preserving the potential Treg-enhancing effects of neutrophils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Esther C. de Jong
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam Institute for Infection & Immunity, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Nagy NA, de Haas AM, Geijtenbeek TBH, van Ree R, Tas SW, van Kooyk Y, de Jong EC. Therapeutic Liposomal Vaccines for Dendritic Cell Activation or Tolerance. Front Immunol 2021; 12:674048. [PMID: 34054859 PMCID: PMC8155586 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.674048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are paramount in initiating and guiding immunity towards a state of activation or tolerance. This bidirectional capacity of DCs sets them at the center stage for treatment of cancer and autoimmune or allergic conditions. Accordingly, many clinical studies use ex vivo DC vaccination as a strategy to boost anti-tumor immunity or to suppress immunity by including vitamin D3, NF-κB inhibitors or retinoic acid to create tolerogenic DCs. As harvesting DCs from patients and differentiating these cells in vitro is a costly and cumbersome process, in vivo targeting of DCs has huge potential as nanoparticulate platforms equipped with activating or tolerogenic adjuvants can modulate DCs in their natural environment. There is a rapid expansion of the choices of nanoparticles and activation- or tolerance-promoting adjuvants for a therapeutic vaccine platform. In this review we highlight the most recent nanomedical approaches aimed at inducing immune activation or tolerance via targeting DCs, together with novel fundamental insights into the mechanisms inherent to fostering anti-tumor or tolerogenic immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noémi Anna Nagy
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Aram M. de Haas
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Teunis B. H. Geijtenbeek
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ronald van Ree
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sander W. Tas
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Yvette van Kooyk
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Esther C. de Jong
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|