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Mundo Ortiz A, Nasri B. Socio-demographic determinants of COVID-19 vaccine uptake in Ontario: Exploring differences across the Health Region model. Vaccine 2024; 42:2106-2114. [PMID: 38413281 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.02.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic continues to be a worldwide public health concern. Although vaccines against this disease were rapidly developed, vaccination uptake has not been equal across all the segments of the population, particularly in the case of underrepresented groups. However, there are also differences in vaccination across geographical areas, which might be important to consider in the development of future public health vaccination policies. In this study, we examined the relationship between vaccination status (having received the first dose of a COVID-19 vaccine), socio-economic strata, and the Health Regions for individuals in Ontario, Canada. Our results show that between October of 2021 and January of 2022, individuals from underrepresented communities were three times less likely to be vaccinated than White/Caucasian individuals across the province of Ontario, and that in some cases, within these groups, individuals in low-income brackets had significantly higher odds of vaccination when compared to their peers in high income brackets. Finally, we identified significantly lower odds of vaccination in the Central, East and West Health Regions of Ontario within certain underrepresented groups. This study shows that there is an ongoing need to better understand and address differences in vaccination uptake across diverse segments of the population of Ontario that the pandemic has largely impacted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel Mundo Ortiz
- Centre de Recherches Mathématiques, Université de Montréal. 2920 Ch de la Tour, Montréal, QC H3T 1N8, Canada; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, École de Santé Publique, Université de Montréal. 7101 Av du Parc, Montréal, QC H3N 1X9, Canada; Centre de recherche en santé publique, Université de Montréal. 7101 Av du Parc, Montréal, QC H3N 1X9, Canada
| | - Bouchra Nasri
- Centre de Recherches Mathématiques, Université de Montréal. 2920 Ch de la Tour, Montréal, QC H3T 1N8, Canada; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, École de Santé Publique, Université de Montréal. 7101 Av du Parc, Montréal, QC H3N 1X9, Canada; Centre de recherche en santé publique, Université de Montréal. 7101 Av du Parc, Montréal, QC H3N 1X9, Canada.
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2
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Tajnur R, Rezwan R, Aziz A, Islam MS. An update on vaccine status and the role of nanomedicine against SARS-CoV-2: A narrative review. Health Sci Rep 2023; 6:e1377. [PMID: 37404449 PMCID: PMC10315735 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the SARS-CoV-2 novel coronavirus, is a highly communicable disease that gave rise to the ongoing pandemic. Despite prompt action across many laboratories in many countries, effective management of this disease is still out of reach. The focus of this review is to describe various vaccination approaches and nanomedicine-based delivery systems against COVID-19. Methods The articles included in this study were searched and added from different electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, Embase, and preprint databases. Results Mass immunization with vaccines is currently at the forefront of COVID-19 infection control. Such vaccines are live attenuated vaccines, inactivated vaccines, nucleic acid-based vaccines, protein subunit vaccines, viral-vector vaccines, and virus-like particle platforms. However, many promising avenues are currently being explored in laboratory and clinical settings, including treatment options, prevention, diagnosis, and management of the disease. Soft nanoparticles like lipid nanoparticles (solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNPs), liposomes, nanostructured lipid carriers, nanoemulsions, and protein nanoparticles play an essential role in nanomedicine. Because of their unique and excellent properties, nanomedicines have potential applications in treating COVID-19 disease. Conclusions This review work provides an overview of the therapeutic aspects of COVID-19, including vaccination and the role of nanomedicines in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabeya Tajnur
- Department of PharmacyASA University BangladeshDhakaBangladesh
| | - Refaya Rezwan
- Department of PharmacyState University of BangladeshDhakaBangladesh
- Department of Molecular and Translational ScienceMonash UniversityClaytonVictoriaAustralia
| | - Abdul Aziz
- Department of PharmacyState University of BangladeshDhakaBangladesh
| | - Mohammad Safiqul Islam
- Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics and Molecular Biology, Department of PharmacyNoakhali Science and Technology UniversityNoakhaliBangladesh
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of ScienceNoakhali Science and Technology UniversityNoakhaliBangladesh
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3
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Cacciottolo M, Nice JB, Li Y, LeClaire MJ, Twaddle R, Mora CL, Adachi SY, Chin ER, Young M, Angeles J, Elliott K, Sun M. Exosome-Based Multivalent Vaccine: Achieving Potent Immunization, Broadened Reactivity, and Strong T-Cell Responses with Nanograms of Proteins. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0050323. [PMID: 37093009 PMCID: PMC10269692 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00503-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently approved vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have focused solely on the spike protein to provide immunity. The first vaccines were developed rapidly using spike mRNA delivered by lipid nanoparticles but required ultralow-temperature storage and have had limited immunity against variations in spike. Subsequently, protein-based vaccines were developed, which offer broader immunity but require significant time for development and the use of an adjuvant to boost the immune response. Here, exosomes were used to deliver a bivalent protein-based vaccine in which two independent viral proteins were used. Exosomes were engineered to express either SARS-CoV-2 delta spike (Stealth X-Spike [STX-S]) or the more conserved nucleocapsid (Stealth X-Nucleocapsid [STX-N]) protein on the surface. When administered as a single product (STX-S or STX-N) or in combination (STX-S+N), both STX-S and STX-N induced strong immunization with the production of potent humoral and cellular immune responses. Interestingly, these results were obtained with the administration of only nanograms of protein and without an adjuvant. In two independent animal models (mouse and rabbit), the administration of nanograms of the STX-S+N vaccine resulted in increased antibody production, potent neutralizing antibodies with cross-reactivity to other variants of spike, and strong T-cell responses. Importantly, no competition of immune responses was observed, allowing the delivery of nucleocapsid with spike to offer improved SARS-CoV-2 immunity. These data show that the StealthX exosome platform has the enormous potential to revolutionize vaccinology by combining the advantages of mRNA and recombinant protein vaccines into a superior, rapidly generated, low-dose vaccine resulting in potent, broader immunity. IMPORTANCE The pandemic emergency has brought to light the need for a new generation of rapidly developed vaccines that induce longer-lasting, potent, and broader immune responses. While the mRNA vaccines played a critical role during the emergency in reducing SARS-CoV-2 hospitalization rates and deaths, more efficient approaches are needed. A multivalent, protein-based vaccine delivered by exosomes could meet this urgent need due to the high speed of development, manufacturability, and the ability to produce a strong antibody response, with neutralizing antibodies and a strong T-cell response able to broadly combat viral infection with a minimum number of injections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Justin B Nice
- Capricor Therapeutics, Inc., San Diego, California, USA
| | - Yujia Li
- Capricor Therapeutics, Inc., San Diego, California, USA
| | | | - Ryan Twaddle
- Capricor Therapeutics, Inc., San Diego, California, USA
| | - Ciana L. Mora
- Capricor Therapeutics, Inc., San Diego, California, USA
| | | | | | | | - Jenna Angeles
- Capricor Therapeutics, Inc., San Diego, California, USA
| | | | - Minghao Sun
- Capricor Therapeutics, Inc., San Diego, California, USA
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4
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Lim SP. Targeting SARS-CoV-2 and host cell receptor interactions. Antiviral Res 2023; 210:105514. [PMID: 36581047 PMCID: PMC9792186 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2022.105514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Despite the availability of vaccines and therapeutics, continual genetic alterations render the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) a persistent threat, particularly for the immunocompromised and elderly. Through interactions of its spike (S) protein with different receptors and coreceptors on host cell surfaces, the virus enters the cell either via fusion with the plasma membrane or through endocytosis. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) has been identified as a key receptor utilized by SARS-CoV-2 and related human coronaviruses to mediate cell entry in the lung airways. Auxiliary SARS-CoV-2 entry receptors such as ASGPR1, Kremen protein 1, integrins have also been reported. In this review, therapeutic approaches to block SARS-CoV-2 and host cell receptor interactions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siew Pheng Lim
- Experimental Drug Development Centre (EDDC), A*STAR, 10, Biopolis Road, #05-01, Chromos, 138670, Singapore.
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5
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Miao G, Chen Z, Cao H, Wu W, Chu X, Liu H, Zhang L, Zhu H, Cai H, Lu X, Shi J, Liu Y, Feng T. From Immunogen to COVID-19 vaccines: Prospects for the post-pandemic era. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 158:114208. [PMID: 36800265 PMCID: PMC9805901 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has affected millions of people and posed an unprecedented burden on healthcare systems and economies worldwide since the outbreak of the COVID-19. A considerable number of nations have investigated COVID-19 and proposed a series of prevention and treatment strategies thus far. The pandemic prevention strategies implemented in China have suggested that the spread of COVID-19 can be effectively reduced by restricting large-scale gathering, developing community-scale nucleic acid testing, and conducting epidemiological investigations, whereas sporadic cases have always been identified in numerous places. Currently, there is still no decisive therapy for COVID-19 or related complications. The development of COVID-19 vaccines has raised the hope for mitigating this pandemic based on the intercross immunity induced by COVID-19. Thus far, several types of COVID-19 vaccines have been developed and released to into financial markets. From the perspective of vaccine use in globe, COVID-19 vaccines are beneficial to mitigate the pandemic, whereas the relative adverse events have been reported progressively. This is a review about the development, challenges and prospects of COVID-19 vaccines, and it can provide more insights into all aspects of the vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganggang Miao
- Department of General Surgery, The People’s Hospital of Danyang, Affiliated Danyang Hospital of Nantong University, Danyang, China,Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Nanjing Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiqiang Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hengsong Cao
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Nanjing Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenhao Wu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xi Chu
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Medical University The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Hanyuan Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Nanjing Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Leyao Zhang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongfei Zhu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongzhou Cai
- Department of Urology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital &The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, China.
| | - Xiaolan Lu
- Department of Clinical laboratory, Canglang Hospital of Suzhou, Suzhou, China.
| | - Junfeng Shi
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Molecular and Celluar Biochemistry, Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Infectious Disease,The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Tingting Feng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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Li J, Yan Y, Dou F, Gao J. Is targeting angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) a prophylactic strategy against COVID-19? Biosci Trends 2022; 16:459-461. [PMID: 36567123 DOI: 10.5582/bst.2022.01524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Prophylaxis against COVID-19 is greatly needed for vulnerable populations who have a higher risk of developing severe disease. Vaccines and neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 are currently the main approaches to preventing the virus infection. However, the constant mutation of SARS-CoV-2 poses a huge challenge to the effectiveness of these prophylactic strategies. A recent study suggested that downregulation of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), the receptor of SARS-CoV-2 entry into human cells, can decrease susceptibility to viral infection in vitro, in vivo, and in human lungs and livers perfused ex situ. These findings indicate the potential to use agents to reduce ACE2 expression to prevent COVID-19, but the efficacy and safety should be verified in clinical trials. Considering ACE2 performs physiological functions, risks due to its downregulation and benefits from prophylaxis against SARS-CoV-2 infection should be carefully weighed. In the future, updating vaccines against variants of SARS-CoV-2 might still be an important strategy for prophylaxis against COVID-19. Soluble recombinant human ACE2 that acts as a decoy receptor might be an option to overcome the mutation of SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yufen Yan
- Department of Outpatient and Emergency, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Fangzhou Dou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Jianjun Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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He DC, He CQ. Discovery of vaccine-like recombinant SARS-CoV-2 circulating in human. Virol J 2022; 19:209. [PMID: 36482293 PMCID: PMC9733243 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-022-01945-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
For viral diseases, vaccination with live attenuated vaccine (LAV) is one of the most effective means for fighting the diseases. However, LAV occasionally overflows from vaccinated individuals circulate in the population with unforeseen consequences. Currently, SARS-CoV-2 LAVs are undergoing clinical trials. In this study, we found that the viruses isolated from Indian SARS CoV-2 infected persons may be candidate LAV-derived strains, indicating the risk of SARS-CoV-2 LAV spillover from vaccinated persons, increasing the complexity of SARS-CoV-2 detection. In addition, the property of frequent recombination of SARS-CoV-2 increases the chance of LAV virulence reversion. Therefore, how to distinguish the LAV viruses from the wild strain and how to avoid the recombination of the circulating vaccine strain and the wild strain are the challenges currently faced by SARS CoV-2 LAV development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Chang He
- grid.410585.d0000 0001 0495 1805International Department, High School Attached to Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014 China
| | - Cheng-Qiang He
- grid.410585.d0000 0001 0495 1805Dongying Institute, Shandong Normal University, Dongying, 257000 China ,grid.410585.d0000 0001 0495 1805Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014 Shandong Province China
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8
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Ho JYK, Siu ICH, Ng KHL, Tam M, Chow SCY, Lim K, Kwok MWT, Wan S, Fujikawa T, Wong RHL. Retrospective record review on timing of COVID-19 vaccination and cardiac surgery. J Card Surg 2022; 37:3634-3638. [PMID: 36054404 PMCID: PMC9538689 DOI: 10.1111/jocs.16883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Background Novel clinical challenges are faced by cardiac surgeons under the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic. Amidst the uncertainties faced due to the socioeconomic and public health impact, there is little evidence surrounding COVID‐19 vaccination in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Timing of vaccination and postvaccination adverse effects are required parameters to discuss with cardiac surgical patients. Methods This is a single‐center, retrospective observational study. All patients who underwent adult cardiac surgery at the Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong from January 2021 to December 2021 were included. Postoperative clinical outcomes, COVID‐19 vaccination status, and vaccination‐related adverse effects were collected. Results A total of 426 patients; 117 (27%) underwent isolated coronary artery bypass grafting, 111 (26%) underwent valvular surgery, and 97 (23%) underwent aortic surgery. Patients received either Sinovac CoronaVac or Pfizer BNT162b2 vaccine. Overall vaccination rate with at least 1 dose was 52% (n = 212), 15% (n = 63) received the first dose before surgery, 36% (n = 149) received the first dose vaccination after surgery. Rate of completion with second and third doses of vaccination were 22% (n = 89) and 4.9% (n = 20), respectively. The mean timing of first dose of vaccine after surgery was 216 ± 84 days from operation. Three (1.4%) patients recorded vaccination‐related complications. Conclusions COVID‐19 vaccination is safe in patients who received major cardiac surgery, with low adverse effects recorded and no vaccine‐related mortality observed. A time frame of 3–6 months after cardiac surgery receiving COVID‐19 vaccination is reasonable and could serve as a guidance for future COVID‐19 vaccination booster programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacky Y K Ho
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ivan C H Siu
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Karen H L Ng
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Matthew Tam
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Simon C Y Chow
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kevin Lim
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Micky W T Kwok
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Song Wan
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Takuya Fujikawa
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Randolph H L Wong
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Dhanya CR, Shailaja A, Mary AS, Kandiyil SP, Savithri A, Lathakumari VS, Veettil JT, Vandanamthadathil JJ, Madhavan M. RNA Viruses, Pregnancy and Vaccination: Emerging Lessons from COVID-19 and Ebola Virus Disease. Pathogens 2022; 11:800. [PMID: 35890044 PMCID: PMC9322689 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11070800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic viruses with an RNA genome represent a challenge for global human health since they have the tremendous potential to develop into devastating pandemics/epidemics. The management of the recent COVID-19 pandemic was possible to a certain extent only because of the strong foundations laid by the research on previous viral outbreaks, especially Ebola Virus Disease (EVD). A clear understanding of the mechanisms of the host immune response generated upon viral infections is a prime requisite for the development of new therapeutic strategies. Hence, we present here a comparative study of alterations in immune response upon SARS-CoV-2 and Ebola virus infections that illustrate many common features. Vaccination and pregnancy are two important aspects that need to be studied from an immunological perspective. So, we summarize the outcomes and immune responses in vaccinated and pregnant individuals in the context of COVID-19 and EVD. Considering the significance of immunomodulatory approaches in combating both these diseases, we have also presented the state of the art of such therapeutics and prophylactics. Currently, several vaccines against these viruses have been approved or are under clinical trials in various parts of the world. Therefore, we also recapitulate the latest developments in these which would inspire researchers to look for possibilities of developing vaccines against many other RNA viruses. We hope that the similar aspects in COVID-19 and EVD open up new avenues for the development of pan-viral therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aswathy Shailaja
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA;
| | - Aarcha Shanmugha Mary
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Thiruvarur 610105, India;
| | | | - Ambili Savithri
- Department of Biochemistry, Sree Narayana College, Kollam 691001, India;
| | | | | | | | - Maya Madhavan
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College for Women, Thiruvananthapuram 695014, India
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Biswas S, Mahmud S, Mita MA, Afrose S, Hasan MR, Paul GK, Shimu MSS, Uddin MS, Zaman S, Park MN, Siyadatpanah A, Obaidullah AJ, Saleh MA, Simal-Gandara J, Kim B. The Emergence of SARS-CoV-2 Variants With a Lower Antibody Response: A Genomic and Clinical Perspective. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:825245. [PMID: 35602477 PMCID: PMC9121733 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.825245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of several novel SARS-CoV-2 variants regarded as variants of concern (VOCs) has exacerbated pathogenic and immunologic prominences, as well as reduced diagnostic sensitivity due to phenotype modification-capable mutations. Furthermore, latent and more virulent strains that have arisen as a result of unique mutations with increased evolutionary potential represent a threat to vaccine effectiveness in terms of incoming and existing variants. As a result, resisting natural immunity, which leads to higher reinfection rates, and avoiding vaccination-induced immunization, which leads to a lack of vaccine effectiveness, has become a crucial problem for public health around the world. This study attempts to review the genomic variation and pandemic impact of emerging variations of concern based on clinical characteristics management and immunization effectiveness. The goal of this study is to gain a better understanding of the link between genome level polymorphism, clinical symptom manifestation, and current vaccination in the instance of VOCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suvro Biswas
- Miocrobiology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Shafi Mahmud
- Miocrobiology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Mohasana Akter Mita
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Shamima Afrose
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Robiul Hasan
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Gobindo Kumar Paul
- Miocrobiology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | | | - Md. Salah Uddin
- Miocrobiology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Shahriar Zaman
- Miocrobiology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Moon Nyeo Park
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Abolghasem Siyadatpanah
- Ferdows School of Paramedical and Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Ahmad J. Obaidullah
- Drug Exploration and Development Chair (DEDC), Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md. Abu Saleh
- Miocrobiology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo, Ourense, Spain
| | - Bonglee Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
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11
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Zhang J, Ge P, Li X, Yin M, Wang Y, Ming W, Li J, Li P, Sun X, Wu Y. Personality Effects on Chinese Public Preference for the COVID-19 Vaccination: Discrete Choice Experiment and Latent Profile Analysis Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:4842. [PMID: 35457708 PMCID: PMC9031452 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19084842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Objective: This study aims to investigate the differences in public vaccination preference for the COVID-19 vaccine with different personality characteristics. Methods: Based on the Big Five Personality Inventory (BFI-10), a total of 1200 respondents were categorized by personality characteristics using Latent Profile Analysis (LPA). The preference of members the public with different personality characteristics for COVID-19 vaccination was investigated based on a discrete choice experiment (DCE). Results: All respondents were divided into three groups, named the General and Stable type (79.67%), Conscientious and Agreeable type (9.5%), and Open and Extroverted type (10.83%). For the percentage importance of vaccine attributes, both the General and Stable type and Conscientious and Agreeable type respondents considered cost to be the most important (41.93% and 34.95% respectively). However, the Open and Extroverted type respondents considered efficacy as the most important (31.05%). In our conditional logit model (CLOGIT), for vaccine adverse effects, the General and Stable type and Conscientious and Agreeable type respondents preferred "very mild", while the Open and Extroverted type preferred "mild" (OR:1.108, 95%CI 0.977-1.256). The Open and Extroverted type had a higher willingness to pay (WTP) for the most preferred vaccine level compared to the other types. Conclusions: The Open and Extroverted respondents have the highest willingness to vaccinate. The General and Stable type and Conscientious and Agreeable respondents think that the cost of the vaccine is the most important attribute, and prefer the mildest side effects. The Open and Extroverted type think that vaccine efficacy is the most important attribute, prefer "mild" side effects, and have higher willingness to pay for their favorite vaccine level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzi Zhang
- School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (J.Z.); (M.Y.); (Y.W.)
| | - Pu Ge
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China;
| | - Xialei Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China;
| | - Mei Yin
- School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (J.Z.); (M.Y.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yujia Wang
- School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China; (J.Z.); (M.Y.); (Y.W.)
| | - Waikit Ming
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China;
| | - Jinhui Li
- School of Journalism and Communication, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China;
| | - Pei Li
- Hong Kong Institute of Health Education, Hong Kong 999077, China;
| | - Xinying Sun
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yibo Wu
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
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Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has had a significant impact on human health and economic development over the past two years. Therapeutics in combination with vaccines are critical measures to fight the pandemic. The three areas of drug development are blocking the entry of SARS-CoV-2 into cells, suppressing viral replication inside cells, and regulating the immune system, and important advances have recently been made in those areas. Increasing numbers of neutralizing antibodies and small molecules that show promise have been fully approved or authorized for emergency use, resulting in decreased mortality of patients with COVID-19. The use of therapeutics will have a great impact on formulating and revising public policies to control the pandemic. The pace of lifting of restrictions and economic recovery worldwide will also accelerate in the future. Here, the drugs or agents that have attracted considerable attention and that have led to remarkable progress in the fight against COVID-19 are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Fusheng Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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Gancino M, Santiago Vispo N. Hybrid immunity: the immune response of COVID-19 survivors to vaccination. BIONATURA 2021. [DOI: 10.21931/rb/2021.06.03.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Hybrid immunity can become a turning-point opportunity to defeat the infection in context with the current pandemic scenario. Adopting policies aligned with the data mentioned above may be particularly beneficial for regions like Latin America. While this region shares only ~5% of the world population, it accumulates +16% of the ~200 million COVID-19 total cases, so far reported1. Acknowledging the reduced diagnostic capabilities of these countries, this entire area is probably one of the most affected globally, leading to one of the more numerous populations of convalescent people. From both an economic and pharmacological perspective, applying a one-dose regime of pertinent vaccines to convalescent individuals is sustainable5. As COVID-19 survivors may need just one vaccination to achieve high levels of protective immunity, massive antibody screening for SARS-CoV-2 spike antibodies could help prioritize and free up doses, optimize vaccine supply efficiency, and surpass problems linked to the current vaccine manufacturing bottleneck
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlon Gancino
- Faculty of Health, NANOMED EMJMD, University of Paris, France
| | - Nelson Santiago Vispo
- Yachay Tech University, School of Biological Sciences and engineering, Hda. San José s/n y Proyecto Yachay, 100119, Urcuquí, . Ecuador
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