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Venturini CL, Damazo AS, Silva MJD, Muller JDAI, Oliveira DM, Figueiredo FDF, Serio BFD, Arunachalam K, Martins DTDO. Antiulcer activity and mechanism of action of the hydroethanolic extract of leaves of Terminalia argentea Mart. In different in vivo and in vitro experimental models. J Ethnopharmacol 2024; 318:116972. [PMID: 37517568 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Terminalia argentea Mart. (Combretaceae) is a deciduous tree commonly found in Brazil, Bolivia, and Paraguay. It occurs in all regions of Brazil and is widespread in the Amazon, Cerrado, Pantanal, Atlantic Rain Forest, and Caatinga Biomes. In the traditional medicine of Brazil, people widely use tea or decoction of its leaf materials for treating gastritis, ulcers, wound healing, and inflammation. AIM OF THE STUDY The current study aims to evaluate the gastroprotective and ulcer-healing activities of the hydroethanolic extract of T. argentea leaves (HETa) and investigate the underlying mechanisms of action through in vivo and in vitro experiments. METHODS We extracted the leaves of T. argentea with a 70% hydroethanolic solution (HETa) and performed phytochemical analysis using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MSn). We researched the antiulcer activity using in vivo and in vitro experiments, administering three doses (2, 10, and 50 mg/kg) and different concentrations of 1, 5, and 20 μg/mL, respectively. We verified the acute antiulcer activity using chemical models (acidified ethanol (EtOH/HCl) and indomethacin (IND)) and physiological models (water-immersion stress (WRS)). To induce chronic ulcers, used acetic acid and treated the animals for seven days. To investigate the mechanism of action, conducted assays of antioxidant activity, measured the dosage of inflammatory cytokines, quantified mucus, treated with inhibitors (IND, L-NAME, glibenclamide, and yohimbine), performed histopathological analysis, and measured gastric acid secretion. Furthermore, we performed in vitro experiments on murine macrophage cell lines (RAW 264-7 cells) to quantify nitrite/nitrate and cytokine production and on V79-4 cells to verify cell proliferation/migration. RESULTS We conducted HPLC and ESI-MSn analyses to obtain a fingerprint of the chemical composition of the HETa, revealing the presence of phenolics (caffeoyl ellagic acid), flavonoids (rutin, quercetin xyloside, quercetin rhamnoside, quercetin glucoside, quercetin galloyl xyloside, quercetin), and tannins (terminalin), respectively. The three doses of HETa reduced acute and chronic ulcers in different models. The mechanism of action involves increasing mucus production and angiogenesis, and it partially involves prostaglandins, nitric oxide, K+ATP channels, and α2-adrenergic receptors. HETa also exhibited antioxidant potential, reducing myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, and increasing glutathione (GSH) levels. Moreover, it demonstrated anti-inflammatory action by reducing nitrite/nitrate levels and pro-inflammatory cytokine concentrations in vivo, and it increased in vitro proliferation/migration of fibroblasts. CONCLUSIONS The study shows that HETa presents a potent preventive and curative antiulcer effect in different ulcer models, supporting the popular use of homemade preparations of T. argentea leaves. The preventive and gastric healing ulcer activity of HETa involves multiple targets, including increasing the gastric mucus barrier, antioxidant defenses, and anti-inflammatory effects on gastric mucosa repair. Phytochemical analysis identified the presence of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and tannins in HETa, and the antiulcer activity may be attributable to the combined effect of these constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Luis Venturini
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá, MT, Brazil; Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Basic Sciences in Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá, MT, Brazil.
| | - Amilcar Sabino Damazo
- Histology Laboratory, Department of Basic Sciences in Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá, MT, Brazil.
| | - Marcelo José Dias Silva
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plants and Herbal Medicines, Federal University of Alfenas (UNIFAL-MG), Rua Gabriel Monteiro da Silva, 700, Centro, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Jessica de Araujo Isaias Muller
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá, MT, Brazil.
| | - Darley Maria Oliveira
- Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Sinop Campus, Mato Grosso, Brazil.
| | - Fabiana de Freitas Figueiredo
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá, MT, Brazil.
| | - Bruna Fioravante Di Serio
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá, MT, Brazil.
| | - Karuppusamy Arunachalam
- Center for Studies in Stem Cells, Cell Therapy and Toxicological Genetics (CeTroGen), Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, 79070-900, MS, Brazil; Post-Graduate Program in Health and Development of the Midwest Region, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, 79070-900, MS, Brazil.
| | - Domingos Tabajara de Oliveira Martins
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá, MT, Brazil; Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Basic Sciences in Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiabá, MT, Brazil.
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Kumari V, Mukhopadhyay S, Gupta B. Evaluation of
Terminalia arjuna
loaded in surfactant modified polycaprolactone nanofiber as an infection resistant matrix. J Appl Polym Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/app.53735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vandana Kumari
- Bioengineering Lab, Department of Textile and Fiber Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Delhi New Delhi India
| | - Samrat Mukhopadhyay
- Bioengineering Lab, Department of Textile and Fiber Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Delhi New Delhi India
| | - Bhuvanesh Gupta
- Bioengineering Lab, Department of Textile and Fiber Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Delhi New Delhi India
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Shipa SJ, Khandokar L, Bari MS, Qais N, Rashid MA, Haque MA, Mohamed IN. An insight into the anti-ulcerogenic potentials of medicinal herbs and their bioactive metabolites. J Ethnopharmacol 2022; 293:115245. [PMID: 35367330 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) ranks top among the most prominent gastrointestinal problems prevalent around the world. Long-term use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, pathogenic infection by Helicobacter pylori, imbalances between gastrointestinal regulatory factors and pathological hyperacidity are major contributors towards the development of peptic ulcers. Although synthetic drugs of multiple pharmacological classes are abundantly available, inadequacy of such agents in ensuring complete recovery in not uncommon. Therefore, pharmacological explorations of herbal products including plant extracts and their respective isolated phytoconstituents, for potential gastroprotective and antiulcer properties, are regular practice among the scientific community. Moreover, the historical preferences of a significant share of world population towards herbal-based medication over modern synthetic drugs also contribute significantly to such endeavors. AIM OF THE REVIEW This review has endeavored to present ethnomedicinal and pharmacological prospects of a significant number of authenticated plant species in terms of their capacity to exert gastroprotection and antiulcer activities both in vitro and in vivo. The information delineated along the way was further subjected to critical analysis to ascertain the possible future prospects of such findings into designing plant-derived products in future for the treatment of peptic ulcer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Electronic version of prominent bibliographic databases, including Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Wiley Online Library, SpringerLink, Web of Science, and MEDLINE were explored extensively for the identification and compilation of relevant information. The plant names and respective family names were verified through the Plant List (version 1.1) and World Flora Online 2021. All relevant chemical structures were verified through PubChem and SciFinder databases and illustrated with ChemDraw Ultra 12.0. RESULTS A colossal number of 97 plant species categorized under 58 diverse plant families have been discussed in the review for their gastroprotective and antiulcer properties. In vivo illustrations of the pharmacological properties were achieved for almost all the species under consideration. 29 individual phytoconstituents from these sources were also characterized with similar pharmacological potentials. Majority of the plant extracts as well as their constituents were found to exert their gastroprotective effects through antioxidative pathway featuring both enzymatic and nonenzymatic mechanism. Moreover, active inhibition of acid secretion, upregulation of gastroprotective mediators and downregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, were also associated with a prominent number of plants or products thereof. CONCLUSIONS Comparative evaluations of the plant sources for their antiulcer activities, both as individual and as combination formulations, are necessary to be conducted in human subjects under properly regulated clinical conditions. Moreover, the efficacy and safety of such products should also be evaluated against those of the currently available treatment options. This will further facilitate in ascertaining their suitability and superiority, if any, in the treatment of peptic ulcer diseases. Implementation of these endeavors may eventually lead to development of more efficient treatment options in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sowkat Jahan Shipa
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Labony Khandokar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Md Sazzadul Bari
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Nazmul Qais
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh.
| | - Mohammad Abdur Rashid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Areeful Haque
- Department of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Chittagong, Chittagong, 4318, Bangladesh.
| | - Isa Naina Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia
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Wang X, Fu S, Zhang C, Nie X, Liao W, Zhao M, Liu F. Gastroprotective Effect of Ethanol Extracts from Bark of Magnolia officinalis on Ethanol-Induced Gastric Mucosal Damage in Rats. Biomed Res Int 2021; 2021:6688414. [PMID: 34159200 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6688414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background. Magnolia officinalis Rehd. and Wils. is widely used in Asian countries because of its multiple pharmacological effects. This study investigated the gastroprotective effect and mechanisms of the ethanol extracts from the bark of Magnolia officinalis (MOE) against ethanol-induced gastric mucosal damage in rats. Methods. MOE was prepared by reflux extraction with 70% ethanol, and its main compounds were analyzed by UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap-MS. DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP methods were used to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of MOE in vitro. The gastroprotective effects of MOE were evaluated by the area of gastric injury, H&E (hematoxylin-eosin), and PAS (periodic acid-Schiff). The mechanism was explored by measuring the levels of cytokines and protein in the NF-κB signaling pathway. Results. 30 compounds were identified from MOE, mainly including lignans and alkaloids. MOE presented a high antioxidant activity in several oxidant in vitro systems. Gastric ulcer index and histological examination showed that MOE reduced ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury in a dose-dependent manner. MOE pretreatment significantly restored the depleted activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) enzymes, reduced malondialdehyde (MDA), and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels in the gastric tissue in rats. In addition, MOE also inhibited the activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway and decreased the production of proinflammatory cytokines. Conclusions. The gastroprotective effect of MOE was attributed to the inhibition of oxidative stress and the NF-κB inflammatory pathway. The results provided substantial evidence that MOE could be a promising phytomedicine for gastric ulcer prevention.
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Zhou B, Zhang W, Wu Y, Yang Y, Wang N, Li J, Fu T, Wang L, Di L. Improved efficacy of Panax notoginseng saponin loaded into BSP/alginate microspheres for the treatment of alcoholic gastric ulcers. Int J Pharm 2021; 596:120218. [PMID: 33493598 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Previously, we have reported the evaluations of alginate and Bletilla striata polysaccharide (BSP) in formulation of microsphere, which is a muco-adhesive carrier and can achieve a long duration of gastric retention. The combination of Panax notoginseng (Burk.) and B. striata is a traditional Chinese herbal formula that is used to treat gastric ulcers. BSP, an effective ingredient of B. striata, possesses both medicinal and excipient functions. Panax notoginseng saponin (PNS), which can easily dissolve in water, is the main effective ingredient in P. notoginseng (Burk.) for the treatment of gastric ulcers. However, microspheres containing PNS could directly cause drug leakage, ultimately reducing the encapsulation rate. In this study, PNS was fabricated into a hydrophobic dispersion with slow-release characteristics. Subsequently, PNS was packaged into BSP/alginate microspheres to improve the encapsulation rate. The prepared PNS-loaded microspheres were round, the release characteristics aligned with the Weibull equation, and the active ingredients were released by diffusion and erosion. The developed microspheres improved the effects of PNS and synergistically exerted the pharmaceutical effects of BSP on acute gastric ulcers.
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de Araújo Moreira MDR, Sales-Campos H, Fontanari C, Galvão Meireles AF, Borges Prado MK, Zoccal KF, Sorgi CA, Tefé da Silva C, Groppo M, Faccioli LH. The ethanolic extract of Terminalia argentea Mart. & Zucc. bark reduces the inflammation through the modulation of cytokines and nitric oxide mediated by the downregulation of NF-κB. J Ethnopharmacol 2020; 261:113150. [PMID: 32730887 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Terminalia argentea Mart. & Zucc. (Combretaceae), popularly known as "capitão do campo", is native from the Brazilian cerrado, which is used in folk medicine to treat inflammatory diseases. AIM OF THE STUDY We aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects, toxicity and mechanisms of action regarding the use of the hydroalcoholic extract of T. argentea bark. MATERIALS AND METHODS Toxicity was determinate in vitro using the macrophage lineage J774.1 without LPS. Cells were treated with 0.5; 2; 8; 32 and 125 μg/mL of the plant extract. Cell viability was assessed by MTT colorimetric assay. The production of nitrite and cytokines was also determined in the supernatants. A NF-κB reporter assay using RAW macrophages was employed to elucidate the impact of the plant extract on the expression of such molecule. In mice, toxicity was assessed by orally given an intermediate to high concentration of the plant extract on a single dose (1000 or 5000 mg/kg) or low and intermediate doses (300 or 1000 mg/kg) twice daily for 14 days. Blood samples were collected for biochemical analysis. The anti-inflammatory activity was assessed using the air-pouch model with or without pre-inoculation with the inflammatory stimuli LPS (0.5 μg/mL), followed by treatment with plant extract at 5, 60 or 300 mg/kg administered in the air pouch (subcutaneous injection). After 4 h, mice were euthanized and the air pouches washed with 2 mL heparinized PBS (10 IU/mL). Then, the local production in the air pouch wash of cytokines, total proteins and leukocytes was assessed. RESULTS No signals of toxicity were observed either in cells or mice. Regardless the concentration used in vitro, the extract exhibited a significant anti-inflammatory activity, as perceived by the reduction of the inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6 and nitrites on cell supernatants. This was concomitant with a downregulation in NF-κB and elevated levels of IL-10. In mice, similar effects were observed, especially when the plant extract was given at 300 mg/kg, inhibiting the release of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6 and proteins, as well as increasing the release of IL-10. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, our results demonstrated that the hydroalcoholic extract of T. argentea bark has anti-inflammatory activity without inducing toxicity in cells or living animals. This activity seems to be chiefly influenced by a downregulation in NF-κB, inflammatory cytokines and production of nitrite along with augmented concentration of IL-10.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Helioswilton Sales-Campos
- Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
| | - Caroline Fontanari
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Alyne Fávero Galvão Meireles
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Morgana Kelly Borges Prado
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Karina Furlani Zoccal
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; Centro Universitário Barão de Mauá, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Carlos Artério Sorgi
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | - Milton Groppo
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Lúcia Helena Faccioli
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Guo M, Yu H, Meng M, Wang C. Research on the structural characteristics of a novel Chinese Iron Yam polysaccharide and its gastroprotection mechanism against ethanol-induced gastric mucosal lesion in a BALB/c mouse model. Food Funct 2020; 11:6054-6065. [PMID: 32558848 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo02642h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a triple-helix Chinese Iron Yam polysaccharide (CIYP) with a molecular weight of 1.67 × 103 kDa was obtained. The CIYP was extracted with deionized water followed by deproteination, decoloration and purification using anion-exchange chromatography and size exclusion chromatography. Its structural characteristics and micromorphology were investigated by GC-MS, periodate oxidation and Smith degradation, FT-IR, NMR spectroscopy, SEM and AFM. The results showed that CIYP is a catenarian polysaccharide composed of rhamnose, arabinose, mannose, glucose, galactose and galacturonic acid in the ratio of 1 : 1.33 : 8.31 : 2.83 : 1.12 : 2.62. Meanwhile, the gastric mucosa protective effect of CIYP on an ethanol-injured BALB/c mouse model was investigated. It was found that the preventive CIYP-treatment groups (200 and 400 mg kg-1 d-1) showed gastric mucosa protective effects on the BALB/c mouse model. The lesion index and lesion inhibition rate of the CIYP and cimetidine treatment groups were significantly altered compared with the ethanol-induced gastric mucosal lesion (GML) group. Moreover, the administration of CIYP showed definite effects of increasing the NO, PGE2 and EGF levels, and SOD activities, and reducing the MDA levels of gastric mucosa tissues to prevent gastric oxidative stress. Histopathological analysis indicated that the microscopic morphology of gastric mucosal tissues was changed after being damaged by ethanol and the damage was significantly reduced after CIYP administration. Finally, the western blot and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) results provided comprehensive evidence that the CIYP could repress gastric inflammation through the reduction of IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6, prevent gastric oxidative stress through the inhibition of lipid peroxides, and favor cell survival via downregulating the TAK1, MKK3, P-p38 and Bax levels and upregulating the protein expression levels, compared with the CIM group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China.
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Shawaf T, El-Deeb WM, Elgioushy M. The Contribution of Specific and Nonspecific Biomarkers in Diagnosis of Equine Gastric Ulcer Syndrome (EGUS) Under Field Condition. J Equine Vet Sci 2019; 84:102853. [PMID: 31864460 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2019.102853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the diagnostic efficiency of gastrin, pepsinogen, proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6), and oxidative stress biomarkers in horses with equine gastric ulcer syndrome (EGUS). Thirty horses diagnosed with gastroscopic EGUS and 15 clinically healthy horses were selected for this study. The serum levels of gastrin, pepsinogen showed nonsignificant changes in horses with EGUS when compared with healthy horses. The serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6 revealed a significant increase in horses with EGUS when compared with healthy ones. Oxidative stress is evident in horses with EGUS in comparison with healthy horses as detected by higher levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and decreased serum levels of total antioxidant capacity (TAC), Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), and nitric oxide (NO). MDA and TNF-α showed better sensitivity and specificity than IL-6 in distinguishing horses with EGUS from control horses. Conclusively, examination of serum gastrin and pepsinogen levels had a limited value in diagnosis of EGUS in horses under investigation. Moreover, this study showed that oxidative stress is evident in horses with EGUS. Higher levels of TNF-α and IL-6 indicate their role in EGUS pathogenesis in horses. Finally, MDA, TNF-α, and IL-6 could be used as biological markers for preliminary screening of horses with EGUS. Gastroscopy still accredited as the "gold standard" for diagnosis EGUS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Turke Shawaf
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Alahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wael M El-Deeb
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Alahsa, Saudi Arabia; Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious, Disease and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Magdy Elgioushy
- Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
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Lajili S, Ammar HH, Mzoughi Z, Amor HBH, Muller CD, Majdoub H, Bouraoui A. Characterization of sulfated polysaccharide from Laurencia obtusa and its apoptotic, gastroprotective and antioxidant activities. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 126:326-36. [PMID: 30543883 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to characterize the physico-chemical properties of the sulfated polysaccharide (SP) isolated from the red alga Laurencia obtusa and to evaluate its apoptotic, gastroprotective and antioxidant activities. The different macromolecular characteristics of SP were determined by size exclusion chromatography combined with multi-angle laser light-scattering detection (SEC-MALLS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR and 13C NMR). The native molecular weight of the extracted polysaccharide is high (≥336,900 g·mol-1). It showed high amounts of sulfated groups (28.2%) and low levels of proteins. It was found to be a potent inducer of apoptosis on acute monocytic leukaemia THP-1cell lines with EC50 value of 53 μg·mL-1. Furthermore, a significant gastroprotective effect (p < 0.01) was also observed with a gastric ulcer inhibition of 63.44%, 78.42% and 82.15% at the doses 25, 50 and 100 mg·kg-1, respectively. In addition, SP significantly increased glutathione levels (GSH) and decreased the concentration of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) in EtOH/HCl-damaged gastric mucosa in rats; it also exhibited an important antioxidant activity in vitro. Therefore, SP, derived from the red alga Laurencia obtusa, may have a potential therapeutic effect against acute myeloid leukaemia and a beneficial potential as gastroprotective and antioxidant natural product.
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Sharifi-Rad M, Fokou PVT, Sharopov F, Martorell M, Ademiluyi AO, Rajkovic J, Salehi B, Martins N, Iriti M, Sharifi-Rad J. Antiulcer Agents: From Plant Extracts to Phytochemicals in Healing Promotion. Molecules 2018; 23:E1751. [PMID: 30018251 PMCID: PMC6100067 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23071751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this narrative review, we have comprehensively reviewed the plant sources used as antiulcer agents. From traditional uses as herbal remedies, we have moved on to preclinical evidence, critically discussing the in vitro and in vivo studies focusing on plant extracts and even isolated phytochemicals with antiulcerogenic potential. A particular emphasis was also paid to Helicobacter pylori activity, with emphasis on involved mechanisms of action. Lastly, the issue of safety profile of these plant products has also been addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Sharifi-Rad
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol 61663335, Iran.
| | | | - Farukh Sharopov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Rudaki 139, Dushanbe 734003, Tajikistan.
| | - Miquel Martorell
- Nutrition and Dietetics Department, School of Pharmacy, University of Concepción, Concepción 4070386, VIII⁻Bio Bio Region, Chile.
| | - Adedayo Oluwaseun Ademiluyi
- Functional Foods, Nutraceuticals and Phytomedicine Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure 340001, Nigeria.
| | - Jovana Rajkovic
- Institute of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty, University of Belgrade, Belgrade 11129, Serbia.
| | - Bahare Salehi
- Medical Ethics and Law Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 88777539, Iran.
- Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 22439789, Iran.
| | - Natália Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, Porto 4200-319, Portugal.
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto⁻Portugal, Porto 4200-135, Portugal.
| | - Marcello Iriti
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Milan State University, via G. Celoria 2, Milan 20133, Italy.
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 11369, Iran.
- Department of Chemistry, Richardson College for the Environmental Science Complex, The University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, MB R3B 2G3, Canada.
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Yang Y, Wang Z, Zhang L, Yin B, Lv L, He J, Chen Z, Wen X, Qiao B, Sun W, Fang M, Zhang Y. Protective effect of gentiopicroside from Gentiana macrophylla Pall. in ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury in mice. Phytother Res 2017; 32:259-266. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education; Northwest University; Xi'an 710069 China
- Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, College of Life Science; Northwest University; Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Ziye Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education; Northwest University; Xi'an 710069 China
- Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, College of Life Science; Northwest University; Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Li Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education; Northwest University; Xi'an 710069 China
- Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, College of Life Science; Northwest University; Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Bing Yin
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education; Northwest University; Xi'an 710069 China
- Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, College of Life Science; Northwest University; Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Le Lv
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education; Northwest University; Xi'an 710069 China
- Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, College of Life Science; Northwest University; Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Jiao He
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education; Northwest University; Xi'an 710069 China
- Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, College of Life Science; Northwest University; Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Ziyang Chen
- Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, College of Life Science; Northwest University; Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Xin Wen
- Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, College of Life Science; Northwest University; Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Boling Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education; Northwest University; Xi'an 710069 China
- Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, College of Life Science; Northwest University; Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Wenji Sun
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education; Northwest University; Xi'an 710069 China
- Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, College of Life Science; Northwest University; Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Minfeng Fang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education; Northwest University; Xi'an 710069 China
- Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, College of Life Science; Northwest University; Xi'an 710069 China
| | - Yongmin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education; Northwest University; Xi'an 710069 China
- Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, College of Life Science; Northwest University; Xi'an 710069 China
- Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, CNRS UMR 8232; Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6; 4 Place Jussieu Paris 75005 France
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Zhang Y, Wang H, Mei N, Ma C, Lou Z, Lv W, He G. Protective effects of polysaccharide from Dendrobium nobile against ethanol-induced gastric damage in rats. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 107:230-235. [PMID: 28867231 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.08.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Dendrobium nobile is a medicinal herb in traditional China and Southeast Asian countries. Employing a rat model of ethanol-induced gastric ulcer, we examined the protective effect of polysaccharide (JCP) extracted from Dendrobium nobile and explored the related mechanisms. Oral administration with 100mg/kg and 300mg/kg body weight JCP for days can significant prevent the formation of gastric ulcer. Moreover, JCP pretreatment could alleviate ethanol-induced histological damage, antioxidant activities, the level of epidermal growth factor, gastric concentration of prostaglandin E, and regulate the signaling pathways of mitogen-activated protein kinases and matrix metalloproteinases. This study investigated the ethanol-induced gastric ulcer protective effect of JCP for the first time, and elucidated that the protective mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Hongxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China.
| | - Nana Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Chaoyang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Zaixiang Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Wenping Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - GuoHua He
- GuoLi Dendrobium nobile Company Limited, ChiShui 564700, PR China
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Hussain SA, Panjagari NR, Singh RRB, Patil GR. Potential Herbs and Herbal Nutraceuticals: Food Applications and Their Interactions with Food Components. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2014; 55:94-122. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2011.649148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Nunes PH, Martins Mdo C, Oliveira Rde C, Chaves MH, Sousa EA, Leite JR, Véras LM, Almeida FR. Gastric antiulcerogenic and hypokinetic activities of Terminalia fagifolia Mart. & Zucc. (Combretaceae). Biomed Res Int 2014; 2014:261745. [PMID: 24900960 DOI: 10.1155/2014/261745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Revised: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The acute toxicity, the antioxidant activity, and the pharmacological activity on the gastrointestinal tract of rodents of the ethanolic extract (TFEE) from the bark of Terminalia fagifolia Mart. & Zucc. (Combretaceae) and of its aqueous (TFAqF), hydroalcoholic (TFHAF), and hexanic (TFHEXF) partition fractions have been evaluated. TFEE presented low acute toxicity, antioxidant, and antiulcerogenic activity against ethanol-induced ulcers, which was partially blocked by pretreatment with L-NAME and indomethacin. It reduced the total acidity and raised the pH of gastric secretion. Additionally, TFEE delayed gastric emptying and slightly inhibited the small intestinal transit and also presented a weakly antidiarrheal activity. The antiulcerogenic and antioxidant activity were also detected in TFAqF and TFHAF but not in TFHEXF. The antisecretory and gastroprotective activity of TFEE partially involve the nitric oxide and prostaglandin participation. Nevertheless, TFEE, TFAqF, and TFHAF drastically reduced the mucus layer adhered to the gastric wall of rats treated with ethanol or indomethacin. Complementary studies are required in order to clarify the paradox of the presence of a gastroprotector activity in this plant that, at the same time, reduces the mucus layer adhered to the gastric wall.
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Abstract
A new ursane triterpene, torment (2 α,3 β,19 α-trihydroxyurs-12-en) (1), was isolated from the fruits of Terminalia arjuna along with four known ursane and oleane triterpenes. The structures were established on the basis of extensive NMR (1D & 2D) and MS (EI & ESI) studies. Tormentic acid (2), 19α-hydroxy asiatic acid (3) and olean-12-en-2 α,3 β-diol (4) were isolated for the first time from this species. Compounds 1 and 2 lacked significant enzyme inhibition, cytotoxicity, immunomodulatory and antiglycation activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashadul Hossain
- Department of Chemistry, Chittagong University of Engineering & Technology, Chittagong 4349, Bangladesh
| | - Rajia Sultana
- Department of Chemistry, Chittagong University of Engineering & Technology, Chittagong 4349, Bangladesh
| | - Aychout Adhikari
- H.E.J. Research Institute of chemistry, ICCBS, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | | | - Yusuff Ali
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh
| | - Shahed Zaman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh
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Khan MI, Khan MR. Gastroprotective Potential of Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. Stem Bark against Diclofenac-Induced Gastric Damage in Rats. Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2013; 4:271-7. [PMID: 24298443 PMCID: PMC3845230 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrp.2013.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Revised: 09/04/2013] [Accepted: 09/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. stem bark possesses anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and antioxidant properties. This plant is used traditionally in the Indian system of medicine to treat emesis, ulcers, leucoderma, dysentery, stomach complaints, and skin disorders. This study was conducted to evaluate the antiulcer effects of D. sissoo stem bark methanol extract (DSME) against the diclofenac sodium-induced ulceration in rat. METHODS The DSME (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg body weight) was orally administered to rats once a day for 10 days in diclofenac-treated rats. The gastroprotective effects of DSME were determined by assessing gastric-secretory parameters such as volume of gastric juice, pH, free acidity, and total acidity. Biochemical studies of gastric mucosa were conducted to estimate the levels of nonprotein sulfhydryls (NP-SHs), lipid peroxidation [thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARSs)], reduced glutathione (GSH), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), levels of scavenging antioxidants, catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and myeloperoxidase (MPO). Moreover, adherent mucus content and histological studies were performed on stomach tissues. RESULTS Administration of DSME significantly decreased the ulcer index, TBARSs, H2O2, and MPO activity in gastric mucosa of the ulcerated rats. Activities of enzymic antioxidants, CAT, SOD, GSH-Px, GST and GSH, and NP-SH contents were significantly increased with DSME administration in the gastric mucosa of diclofenac-treated rats. Volume of gastric juice, total and free acidity were decreased, whereas pH of the gastric juice was increased with the administration of DSME + diclofenac. Our results show that DSME administration is involved in the prevention of ulcer through scavenging of free radicals. Results of histopathological studies supported the gastroprotective activities of DSME. CONCLUSION The results of this study showed that DSME exhibit potential gastroprotective activity probably due to its antioxidant and cytoprotection ability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Muhammad Rashid Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Yang Q, Huang B, Li H, Zhang C, Zhang R, Huang Y, Wang J. Gastroprotective activities of a polysaccharide from the fruiting bodies of Pleurotus ostreatus in rats. Int J Biol Macromol 2012; 50:1224-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2012.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2012] [Revised: 03/14/2012] [Accepted: 03/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Devi RS, Kist M, Vani G, Devi CSS. Effect of methanolic extract of Terminalia arjuna against Helicobacter pylori 26695 lipopolysaccharide-induced gastric ulcer in rats. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010; 60:505-14. [DOI: 10.1211/jpp.60.4.0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori lipopolysaccharide (HP-LPS) is a potent virulence factor in the causation of gastric ulcer and gastritis. H. pylori-induced gastric pathology is prevalent throughout the world. Herbal medicines are attracting attention because of their traditional values, popularity and belief, as well as for their advantages such as less toxicity, affordability and medicinal value. The present study aimed to evaluate the anti-ulcer effect of a methanolic extract of Terminalia arjuna (TA) against HP-LPS-induced gastric damage in rats. Ulcers were induced with HP-LPS (50 μg per animal) administered orally daily for 3 days. The efficacy of TA on gastric secretory parameters such as volume of gastric juice, pH, free and total acidity, pepsin concentration, and the cytoprotective parameters such as protein-bound carbohydrate complexes in gastric juice and gastric mucosa was assessed. The protective effect of TA was also confirmed by histopathological examination of gastric mucosa. HP-LPS-induced alterations in gastric secretory parameters were altered favourably in rats treated with TA, suggesting that TA has an anti-secretory role. Furthermore, HP-LPS-induced impairments in gastric defence factors were also prevented by treatment with TA. These results suggest that the severe cellular damage and pathological changes caused by HP-LPS are mitigated by TA; these effects are comparable with those of sucralfate. The anti-ulcer effect of TA may reflect its ability to combat factors that damage the gastric mucosa, and to protect the mucosal defensive factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rethinam Sundaresan Devi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600025, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Manfred Kist
- Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Hygiene, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ganapathy Vani
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600025, Tamil Nadu, India
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Tundis R, Loizzo MR, Bonesi M, Menichini F, FilomenaConforti, Statti G, Menichini F. Natural Products as Gastroprotective and Antiulcer Agents: Recent Developments. Nat Prod Commun 2008. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x0800301234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptic ulcer, one of the most common gastrointestinal diseases, is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by ulceration in the regions of the upper gastrointestinal tract where parietal cells are found and where they secrete hydrochloric acid and pepsin. The anatomical sites where ulcer occurs commonly are stomach and duodenum, causing gastric and duodenal ulcer, respectively. Physiopathology of ulcer is due to an imbalance between aggressive factors, such as acid, pepsin, Helicobacter pylori and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents, and local mucosal defensive factors, such as mucus bicarbonate, blood flow and prostaglandins. Several drugs are widely used to prevent or treat gastro-duodenal ulcers. These include H2-receptor antagonists, proton pump inhibitors and cytoprotectives. Due to problems associated with recurrence after treatment, there is therefore the need to seek alternative drug sources against ulcers. In recent years, a widespread search has been launched to identify new gastroprotective drugs from natural sources. The aim of the present review is to highlight the recent advances in current knowledge on natural products as gastroprotective and antiulcer agents and consider the future perspectives for the use of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Tundis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nutritional and Health Sciences, University of Calabria, I-87030 Arcavacata di Rende (CS) Italy
| | - Monica R Loizzo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nutritional and Health Sciences, University of Calabria, I-87030 Arcavacata di Rende (CS) Italy
| | - Marco Bonesi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nutritional and Health Sciences, University of Calabria, I-87030 Arcavacata di Rende (CS) Italy
| | - Federica Menichini
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Division, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - FilomenaConforti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nutritional and Health Sciences, University of Calabria, I-87030 Arcavacata di Rende (CS) Italy
| | - Giancarlo Statti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nutritional and Health Sciences, University of Calabria, I-87030 Arcavacata di Rende (CS) Italy
| | - Francesco Menichini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nutritional and Health Sciences, University of Calabria, I-87030 Arcavacata di Rende (CS) Italy
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Ekambaram G, Rajendran P, Devaraja R, Muthuvel R, Sakthisekaran D. Impact of naringenin on glycoprotein levels in N-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine-induced gastric carcinogenesis in rats. Anticancer Drugs 2008; 19:885-90. [DOI: 10.1097/cad.0b013e32830ea1bc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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