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Llorca-Pellicer M, Gil-LaOrden P, Prado-Gascó VJ, Gil-Monte PR. The role of psychosocial risks in burnout, psychosomatic disorders, and job satisfaction: lineal models vs a QCA approach in non-university teachers. Psychol Health 2023:1-15. [PMID: 37667484 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2023.2253258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to assess the effect of psychosocial risks and resources on burnout, psychosomatic disorders, and job satisfaction using Hierarchical Regression Modelling (HRM) and Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA). METHOD The sample consisted of 9020 non-university public education teachers (Mage = 45.33 years, SD = 9.15; 72.5% women). RESULTS Demands variables (Workload, Emotional labour, Imbalance, and Interpersonal conflict) were better predictors than resources variables (Job autonomy, Social support, and Resources at work). Resources also significantly improved the model's predictive capacity, except in the case of Indolence. In the QCA results, none of the conditions seems to be necessary. Regarding sufficiency, the combination of the different conditions explains between 44-49% of high levels of Burnout and between 40-47% of low levels of Burnout; between 44-47% of high levels of Psychosomatic disorders and 40-47% of low levels of Psychosomatic disorders; 49% of high Job satisfaction levels and 45-56% of low Job satisfaction levels. CONCLUSIONS The results show that QCA models have better explanatory capacity than HRM. Some variables were not significant in HRM, but they were present in combination with other QCA model variables. The findings contribute to understanding how psychosocial risks affect workers' health and job satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Llorca-Pellicer
- Unidad de Investigación Psicosocial de la Conducta Organizacional (UNIPSICO), Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Pedro Gil-LaOrden
- Unidad de Investigación Psicosocial de la Conducta Organizacional (UNIPSICO), Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Social Psychology, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Pedro R Gil-Monte
- Unidad de Investigación Psicosocial de la Conducta Organizacional (UNIPSICO), Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Social Psychology, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
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Alves L, Abreo L, Petkari E, da Costa MP. Psychosocial risk and protective factors associated with burnout in police officers: A systematic review. J Affect Disord 2023; 332:283-298. [PMID: 36972850 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.03.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The specific factors that may influence burnout levels in police officers are not yet clear. Our aim was to systematically identify the psychosocial risk and protective factors associated with burnout among police officers. METHODS This systematic review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). A protocol was registered in PROSPERO. A search strategy was applied to Medline via OvidSP, PsycInfo, Scopus and Web of Science. The quality assessment entailed the use of the CASP checklist for cohort studies. The data was reported through a narrative synthesis. RESULTS After removing studies based on the selection criteria, 41 studies were included in this review. The findings were synthesized under the following subheadings: socio-demographic; organisational; operational; individual and coping strategies. Organisational and operational factors were found to be risk factors for burnout. Individual factors and coping strategies revealed risk and protective factors. Social interaction-related factors were mostly protective. Socio-demographic factors were weak in explaining burnout. LIMITATIONS Most studies are from high-income countries. Not all used the same burnout measurement tool. All relied on self-reported data. Lastly, 98 % had a cross-sectional design, causal inferences could not be made. CONCLUSIONS Burnout, despite being strictly defined as an occupational phenomenon, is related to factors outside of this context. Future research should focus on examining the reported associations by using more robust designs. More attention must be paid to police officers' mental health by investing in developing strategies to mitigate adverse factors and maximise the effects of protective factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Alves
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Lee Abreo
- South London & Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Eleni Petkari
- Facultad de Ciências de la Salud de la Universidad Internacional de La Rioja, La Rioja, Spain
| | - Mariana Pinto da Costa
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; South London & Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College of London, London, UK; Institute of Public Health of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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Deroncele-Acosta A, Gil-Monte PR, Norabuena-Figueroa RP, Gil-LaOrden P. Psychometric Properties of the Spanish Burnout Inventory in University Teachers in Hybrid Education. Chronic Stress (Thousand Oaks) 2023; 7:24705470231214950. [PMID: 38053663 PMCID: PMC10695086 DOI: 10.1177/24705470231214950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction The scientific literature argues the urgent need for adequate tools to assess burnout in human service professionals, however, little progress has been made on this in university teachers in hybrid environments, even though after the pandemic, these work scenarios are predominant. Objective To determine the psychometric properties of invariance between male and female teachers of hybrid education in the Spanish Burnout Inventory (SBI). Method The anonymous, self-administered SBI was administered to 1060 university teachers in Lima, Peru, from online random sampling. Of the total number of participants, 626 were women (59.1%) and 434 were men (40.9%), with an age range of 22 to 76 years, with a mean of 46.97 and a standard deviation of 10.256. It should be noted that 74.5% of the teachers worked full time. The analysis used the statistical programs AMOS v24, SPSS v26 and R-Project v4.1.2. First, a descriptive analysis of the data was performed, as well as a multivariate normality test of the data. Secondly, confirmatory factor analysis was performed; finally, a factorial invariance test was performed. Results Cronbach's alpha of the SBI was 0.827, and for each subscale: Enthusiasm toward the job (0.742), Psychological exhaustion (0.889), Indolence (0.819), Guilt (0.816). According to the fit indicators, the confirmatory factor model is adequate. The results supported configural invariance, metric invariance, scalar invariance, and strict invariance in the male and female groups, although further investigation of some items specific to the indolence factor is needed. Conclusion The SBI is a valid instrument to assess burnout in university teachers in hybrid environments. Studies associated with the SBI focus on its psychometric properties, burnout prevalence, related variables, and literature reviews. The validation of the SBI in various countries and service areas is discussed, as well as future implications for intervention in burnout prevention and mastery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pedro R. Gil-Monte
- Unidad de Investigación Psicosocial de la Conducta Organizacional (UNIPSICO), Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Pedro Gil-LaOrden
- Unidad de Investigación Psicosocial de la Conducta Organizacional (UNIPSICO), Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
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Deroncele-Acosta A, Gil-Monte PR, Norabuena-Figueroa RP, Gil-LaOrden P. Psychometric Properties of the Spanish Burnout Inventory in University Teachers in Hybrid Education. Chronic Stress 2023; 7. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.1177/24705470231214950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
Introduction The scientific literature argues the urgent need for adequate tools to assess burnout in human service professionals, however, little progress has been made on this in university teachers in hybrid environments, even though after the pandemic, these work scenarios are predominant. Objective To determine the psychometric properties of invariance between male and female teachers of hybrid education in the Spanish Burnout Inventory (SBI). Method The anonymous, self-administered SBI was administered to 1060 university teachers in Lima, Peru, from online random sampling. Of the total number of participants, 626 were women (59.1%) and 434 were men (40.9%), with an age range of 22 to 76 years, with a mean of 46.97 and a standard deviation of 10.256. It should be noted that 74.5% of the teachers worked full time. The analysis used the statistical programs AMOS v24, SPSS v26 and R-Project v4.1.2. First, a descriptive analysis of the data was performed, as well as a multivariate normality test of the data. Secondly, confirmatory factor analysis was performed; finally, a factorial invariance test was performed. Results Cronbach's alpha of the SBI was 0.827, and for each subscale: Enthusiasm toward the job (0.742), Psychological exhaustion (0.889), Indolence (0.819), Guilt (0.816). According to the fit indicators, the confirmatory factor model is adequate. The results supported configural invariance, metric invariance, scalar invariance, and strict invariance in the male and female groups, although further investigation of some items specific to the indolence factor is needed. Conclusion The SBI is a valid instrument to assess burnout in university teachers in hybrid environments. Studies associated with the SBI focus on its psychometric properties, burnout prevalence, related variables, and literature reviews. The validation of the SBI in various countries and service areas is discussed, as well as future implications for intervention in burnout prevention and mastery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pedro R. Gil-Monte
- Unidad de Investigación Psicosocial de la Conducta Organizacional (UNIPSICO), Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Pedro Gil-LaOrden
- Unidad de Investigación Psicosocial de la Conducta Organizacional (UNIPSICO), Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
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Gil-Monte PR, Espejo B, Checa I, Gil-LaOrden P, Angeline J K, Carlotto MS, Converso D, Deroncele-Acosta Á, Figueiredo-Ferraz H, Galarza L, Gómez-Ortiz V, Grau-Alberola E, Labarthe J, Llorca-Pellicer M, Mekala V C, Misiolek-Marín A, Román-Cao E, Salas-Blas E, Schoenenberger S, Unda-Rojas S, Viotti S. Factor Structure and Measurement Invariance of the Spanish Burnout Inventory Among Professionals Across 17 Countries and Regions. Appl Res Qual Life 2022; 18:869-892. [PMID: 36345422 PMCID: PMC9631596 DOI: 10.1007/s11482-022-10108-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Studies on the prevalence of burnout in professionals in service organizations who work in direct contact with the clients or users of the organization have concluded that burnout is a serious health disorder that has increased due to the COVID-19 pandemic. A significant advantage of the Spanish Burnout Inventory (SBI) over other instruments is that it provides a broader conceptualization of burnout by including feelings of guilt as a dimension of burnout to explain its development. However, the measurement invariance of the SBI across countries has not been investigated. The purpose of this study was to test the measurement invariance of the SBI among professionals across 17 countries and regions in Europe, Latin America, and Asia, and in different languages. All the countries showed a good fit to the four-factor model, except the Indian sample, which was excluded from the measurement invariance study. Using the alignment method, it was possible to verify the scalar measurement invariance of the four SBI factors across 15 countries and one Spanish region (16 samples). The comparison of estimated latent means indicates that France is the country with the lowest scores on the Enthusiasm factor and the highest scores on the negative factors (Exhaustion, Indolence, and Guilt). In contrast, the Andean countries, Colombia, Peru, and Ecuador, show the highest latent means on the Enthusiasm factor and the lowest means on the negative factors. These results support the validity of the SBI in the countries and regions in Europe and Latin America included in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro R. Gil-Monte
- Unidad de Investigación Psicosocial de la Conducta Organizacional (UNIPSICO), Valencia, Spain
- Faculty of Psychology (Dep. Methodology of Behavioral Sciences), University of Valencia, Av. Blasco Ibáñez, 21; 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - Begoña Espejo
- Faculty of Psychology (Dep. Methodology of Behavioral Sciences), University of Valencia, Av. Blasco Ibáñez, 21; 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - Irene Checa
- Faculty of Psychology (Dep. Methodology of Behavioral Sciences), University of Valencia, Av. Blasco Ibáñez, 21; 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - Pedro Gil-LaOrden
- Unidad de Investigación Psicosocial de la Conducta Organizacional (UNIPSICO), Valencia, Spain
- Faculty of Psychology (Dep. Methodology of Behavioral Sciences), University of Valencia, Av. Blasco Ibáñez, 21; 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Hugo Figueiredo-Ferraz
- Unidad de Investigación Psicosocial de la Conducta Organizacional (UNIPSICO), Valencia, Spain
- Universidad Internacional de Valencia (VIU), Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | - Ester Grau-Alberola
- Unidad de Investigación Psicosocial de la Conducta Organizacional (UNIPSICO), Valencia, Spain
- Universidad Internacional de La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | | | - Marta Llorca-Pellicer
- Unidad de Investigación Psicosocial de la Conducta Organizacional (UNIPSICO), Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Sara Unda-Rojas
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, FES Zaragoza, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Sara Viotti
- Università degli Studi di Torino, Turin, Italy
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Figueiredo-Ferraz H, Gil-Monte PR, Grau-Alberola E, Ribeiro do Couto B. The Mediator Role of Feelings of Guilt in the Process of Burnout and Psychosomatic Disorders: A Cross-Cultural Study. Front Psychol 2022; 12:751211. [PMID: 35027899 PMCID: PMC8748256 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.751211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Burnout was recently declared by WHO as an “occupational phenomenon” in the International Classification of Diseases 11th revision (ICD-11), recognizing burnout as a serious health issue. Earlier studies have shown that feelings of guilt appear to be involved in the burnout process. However, the exact nature of the relationships among burnout, guilt and psychosomatic disorders remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediator role of feelings of guilt in the relationship between burnout and psychosomatic disorders, and perform a cross-cultural validation of the multi-dimensional model by Gil-Monte in two samples of teachers (Portuguese vs. Spanish). The study sample was composed of 1,266 teachers, 1,062 from Spain, and 204 from Portugal. Burnout was measured by the Spanish Burnout Inventory. Hypotheses were tested together in a path model. The results obtained provide empirical evidence for the mediator role of guilt in the relationship between the Burnout syndrome and psychosomatic disorders in the sample of teachers from Spain and Portugal, and they contribute to the empirical validation of the model by Gil-Monte. The results indicate that guilt should be incorporated as a symptom of burnout in order to identify individuals affected by burnout and profiles or types of burnout to differentiate it from other pathologies like depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Figueiredo-Ferraz
- Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Jurídicas, Universidad Internacional de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Pedro R Gil-Monte
- Department of Social Psychology, Unidad de Investigación Psicosocial de la Conducta Organizacional (UNIPSICO), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ester Grau-Alberola
- Facultad de Educación, Universidad International de La Rioja (UNIR), Logroño, Spain
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Llorca-Pellicer M, Soto-Rubio A, Gil-Monte PR. Development of Burnout Syndrome in Non-university Teachers: Influence of Demand and Resource Variables. Front Psychol 2021; 12:644025. [PMID: 33767652 PMCID: PMC7985357 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.644025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Psychosocial risks at work are an important occupational problem since they can have an impact on workers' health, productivity, absenteeism, and company profits. Among their consequences, burnout stands out for its prevalence and associated consequences. This problem is particularly noteworthy in the case of teachers. The aim of the study was to analyze the influence of some psychosocial factors (demand and resource variables) and risks in burnout development, taking into consideration the levels of burnout according to the Spanish Burnout Inventory (SBI). This paper contributes to advancing knowledge on this issue by analyzing the influence of work characteristics and personal characteristics on the progress of burnout. The sample consisted of 8,235 non-university teachers (2,268 men 27.5% and 5,967 women 72.5%), aged 22 to 70 (M = 45.16, SD = 9.18). For this purpose, statistical modeling by logistic regression was used. The results of this study showed that No burnout level was positively related with resources variables and negatively with demand variables. In the Medium-High levels and the higher levels of burnout (i.e., Profile 1 and Profile 2), there is a positive relation with demand variables and a negative one with resource variables. In conclusion, demand variables cause an increase in the burnout levels, influencing positively the movements between the levels of No burnout to Medium-High levels of burnout and Medium-High levels to Profile 1. At the same time, resource variables had a negative influence on burnout. However, the results in the movement between Profile 1 and Profile 2 were not expected. The variable Imbalance had a negative relationship with the movement between Profile 1 to Profile 2, and Social support and Autonomy at work had a positive relationship with this movement. Therefore, when professionals feel higher levels of burnout, lack of imbalance together with social support and autonomy could contribute to increased feelings of guilt and risk of higher burnout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Llorca-Pellicer
- Department of Social Psychology, Unidad de Investigación Psicosocial de la Conducta Organizacional (UNIPSICO), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ana Soto-Rubio
- Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatments Department, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Pedro R Gil-Monte
- Department of Social Psychology, Unidad de Investigación Psicosocial de la Conducta Organizacional (UNIPSICO), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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Aliante G, Tittoni J, Carlotto MS, Abacar M. Síndrome de Burnout em Professores Moçambicanos do Ensino Fundamental. Psicol cienc prof 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/1982-3703003219900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumo A docência figura na lista das profissões mais acometidas pela síndrome de burnout (SB) devido à presença de uma multiplicidade de fatores. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a frequência da síndrome em professores moçambicanos do ensino fundamental, verificando as possíveis associações com as variáveis sociodemográficas e laborais. A pesquisa de natureza quantitativa possui um delineamento observacional, analítico, transversal e envolveu 263 professores, sendo 56,3% do sexo feminino, com idades variadas entre 18 e 58 anos. A coleta de dados foi feita por meio de questionário de dados sociodemográficos e laborais do “Cuestionario para la evaluación del síndrome de quemarse por el trabajo”, versão em português para profissionais de educação (CESQT-PE). Os dados foram analisados no software SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences). Os resultados indicam que 13,3% dos participantes apresentaram baixos níveis em ilusão pelo trabalho, 16,3% altos níveis em desgaste psíquico, 13,3% em indolência e 25,9% altos níveis de culpa. Na análise de perfis, 24,0% enquadram-se no perfil 1 (altos níveis da SB) e 11,0% no perfil 2 (níveis severos da SB). Verificou-se que houve associação estatisticamente significativa apenas entre a variável “idade” com a dimensão de desgaste psíquico e da variável “sexo” com a dimensão de culpa. Conclui-se que alguns professores estão em fase de desenvolvimento da síndrome, necessitando de intervenções para reverter o cenário. Esses resultados chamam a atenção dos gestores e da comunidade escolar para a necessidade de melhorar os fatores geradores de estresse ocupacional, de modo a transformar o trabalho docente em saudável e prazeroso.
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Larijani TT, Ghadirian F, Bakhshi F. Psychometric Testing of the Persian Version of Macleod Clark Professional Identity Scale. J Nurs Meas 2020; 28:JNM-D-18-00105. [PMID: 32229510 DOI: 10.1891/jnm-d-18-00105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Professional identity (PI) is a key factor behind nurses' ability to provide quality care. PI assessment requires valid and reliable tools. AIM This study aimed to translate into Persian the 9-item Macleod Clark Professional Identity Scale (MCPIS) and evaluate its psychometric properties among Iranian nursing students. METHODS In this methodological study, SMCPIS was translated into Persian through forward-backward translation. The face and content validity of the translated scale were respectively assessed by 10 nursing students and a panel of 10 experts. Then, 171 nursing students completed MCPIS and Nurse Self-Concept Questionnaire. Collected data were used for construct validity assessment through confirmatory factor analysis and criterion validity assessment through correlation analysis. Reliability assessment was also performed through the internal consistency and the test-retest methods. FINDINGS Confirmatory factor analysis revealed good fit model for the scale. Criterion validity, measuring convergent validity, assessment also showed a significant correlation between the scores of MCPIS and Nurse Self-Concept Questionnaire (r = -0.2, P = .07). Cronbach's alpha and test-retest correlation coefficient were .87 and .72, respectively. Students' MCPIS scores ranged from 15 to 54 with a median of 44 (in the possible range of 9-54). CONCLUSION The Persian MCPIS is a valid and reliable tool for PI assessment. Further studies are recommended to produce evidence supporting the validity and reliability of the scale.
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Puertas-Molero P, Zurita-Ortega F, Chacón-Cuberos R, Martínez-Martínez A, Castro-Sánchez M, González-Valero G. An Explanatory Model of Emotional Intelligence and Its Association with Stress, Burnout Syndrome, and Non-Verbal Communication in the University Teachers. J Clin Med 2018; 7:E524. [PMID: 30544532 PMCID: PMC6306896 DOI: 10.3390/jcm7120524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study set out to define and contrast an explanatory model of perception of stress, the dimensions of burnout syndrome, emotional intelligence, and non-verbal communication in a sample of university teachers. A total of 1316 teachers from Spain, aged between 24 and 70 years (M = 45.64, SD = 10.33) and evenly distributed between both sexes, participated. The measurement instruments employed were the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), the Trait Meta-Mood Scale (TMMS-24), and the Nonverbal Immediacy Scale (NIS) A structural equation model was produced that demonstrated adequate fit to the empirical data (130,259; df = 9; p < 0.001; CFI = 0.907; NIF = 0.914; IFI = 0.923; RMSEA = 0.077). Results revealed that stress relates positively with emotional exhaustion and negatively with personal fulfilment. Emotional exhaustion was associated directly with emotional attention and inversely with emotional clarity and emotional repair, with these being linked to personal fulfilment. Both emotional clarity and repair related positively with non-verbal communication. Conclusions from the present study are that emotional intelligence and body language are two relevant factors in the prevention of burnout syndrome, and as a result can help to ensure the mental wellbeing of university teachers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Félix Zurita-Ortega
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - Ramón Chacón-Cuberos
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | | | - Manuel Castro-Sánchez
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - Gabriel González-Valero
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
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Viotti S, Guidetti G, Gil-Monte P, Converso D. La misurazione del burnout nei contesti sanitari: validità di costrutto e invarianza fattoriale della versione italiana dello Spanish Burnout Inventory (SBI-Ita). PSICOLOGIA DELLA SALUTE 2017. [DOI: 10.3280/pds2017-001007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Viotti S, Gil-Monte PR, Converso D. Toward validating the Italian version of the "Spanish Burnout Inventory": a preliminary study. Rev Esc Enferm USP 2016; 49:819-25. [PMID: 26516753 DOI: 10.1590/s0080-623420150000500016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to develop the Italian version of the Spanish Burnout Inventory (SBI) and to examine its psychometric properties within a sample of nursing staff. METHOD The study was cross-sectional and not randomized. The data were gathered using an anonymous, self-report questionnaire. The sample consisted of 391 staff nurses employed in three hospitals in the Northern Region of Italy To evaluate burnout, the SBI and the Maslach Burnout Inventory were administered. RESULTS An Exploratory Factor Analysis showed a four-factor structure close to the expected one. All Cronbach's alpha values were satisfactory. Furthermore, correlations support the concurrent validity. CONCLUSION Overall, the results of this study provided evidence that the SBI is an adequate instrument to study burnout in the Italian nursing sample and indicated the feeling of guilt as an important dimension to gauge the structure of this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Viotti
- Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Ashktorab T, Hasanvand S, Seyedfatemi N, Zayeri F, Levett-Jones T, Pournia Y. Psychometric testing of the Persian version of the Belongingness Scale-Clinical Placement Experience. Nurse Educ Today 2015; 35:439-443. [PMID: 25468309 DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2014.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Revised: 11/02/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Belongingness has been identified both as a fundamental human need and as a prerequisite for nursing students' clinical learning. Belongingness has also been associated with students' academic achievement, retention, self-esteem, self-directed learning, and self-efficacy. The Belongingness Scale-Clinical Placement Experience is a valid and reliable measure of nursing students' belongingness scores; however, a Persian version of this scale is not currently available. AIM This study aimed to translate the Belongingness Scale-Clinical Placement Experience into Persian, to evaluate its psychometric properties, and to measure the belongingness experiences of Iranian nursing students. METHODS Following translation and initial validity and reliability testing of the scale, 300 nursing students from three universities in Iran completed the survey. Further psychometric testing was undertaken followed by analysis of descriptive statistics. RESULTS Based on the results of confirmatory factor analysis two items were removed from the scale. The mean score of Persian version of the Belongingness Scale-Clinical Placement Experience was 3.21 (0.57). The whole scale had a high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha=0.92). The alpha coefficients of the subscales of "self-esteem", "connectedness", and "efficacy" were 0.85, 0.86, and 0.80 respectively. CONCLUSION Similar to previous versions of the Belongingness Scale-Clinical Placement Experience, the Persian version demonstrated strong psychometric properties with strong validity and reliability, indicating its utility and appropriateness when measuring Iranian nursing students' belongingness experiences. Further testing with other cohorts would strengthen these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahereh Ashktorab
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Shirin Hasanvand
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Naemeh Seyedfatemi
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Farid Zayeri
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Paramedical, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Tracy Levett-Jones
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
| | - Yadollah Pournia
- School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
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