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Ahmed AK, Kamal AM, Mowafy NME, Hassan EE. Storage Mite Infestation of Dry-Stored Food Products and Its Relation to Human Intestinal Acariasis in the City of Minia, Egypt. J Med Entomol 2020; 57:329-335. [PMID: 31742345 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjz213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Initial data on the prevalence of storage mites in dry-stored food products and estimates of the presence of mites in human stool in the city of Minia, Egypt are provided. In total, 847 samples were collected randomly from houses and retail stores between March 2017 and February 2018. In addition, 1,000 human stool samples were collected for the detection of the presence of mites. Mites were extracted from 285 of 840 (33.9%) samples, and mite contamination was found to be most prevalent in wheat flour (73.3%). In total, 11 mite species belonging to six families were identified, with the pest species Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Schrank) (Acari: Acaridae) (TP) being the most prevalent (91.2% of samples). The seasonal density distribution showed the highest storage mite density in March-April, followed by October, and the lowest in January. In addition, mites were detected in 87 (8.7%) human stool samples, with significant associations between certain occupations and some personal characteristics. Therefore, more attention needs to be paid to intestinal acariasis arising from mite infestation of dry-stored food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Ahmed
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - A M Kamal
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - N M E Mowafy
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - E E Hassan
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
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Grant JR, Pilotte N, Williams SA. A Case for Using Genomics and a Bioinformatics Pipeline to Develop Sensitive and Species-Specific PCR-Based Diagnostics for Soil-Transmitted Helminths. Front Genet 2019; 10:883. [PMID: 31608116 PMCID: PMC6768101 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The balance of expense and ease of use vs. specificity and sensitivity in diagnostic assays for helminth disease is an important consideration, with expense and ease often winning out in endemic areas where funds and sophisticated equipment may be scarce. In this review, we argue that molecular diagnostics, specifically new assays that have been developed with the aid of next-generation sequence data and robust bioinformatic tools, more than make up for their expense with the benefit of a clear and precise assessment of the situation on the ground. Elimination efforts associated with the London Declaration and the World Health Organization (WHO) 2020 Roadmap have resulted in areas of low disease incidence and reduced infection burdens. An accurate assessment of infection levels is critical for determining where and when the programs can be successfully ended. Thus, more sensitive assays are needed in locations where elimination efforts are approaching a successful conclusion. Although microscopy or more general PCR targets have a role to play, they can mislead and cause study results to be confounded. Hyper-specific qPCR assays enable a more definitive assessment of the situation in the field, as well as of shifting dynamics and emerging diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica R. Grant
- Department of Biological Sciences, Smith College, Northampton, MA, United States
| | - Nils Pilotte
- Department of Biological Sciences, Smith College, Northampton, MA, United States
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Steven A. Williams
- Department of Biological Sciences, Smith College, Northampton, MA, United States
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States
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Mulinge E, Njenga S, Odongo D, Magambo J, Zeyhle E, Mbae C, Kagendo D, Kanyi H, Traub R, Wassermann M, Kern P, Romig T. Molecular identification of zoonotic hookworms in dogs from four counties of Kenya. J Helminthol 2020; 94. [DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x1900018x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
AbstractAll canine hookworms are known to be zoonotic, causing infections ranging from transient skin irritations to prolonged ‘creeping eruptions’, eosinophilic enteritis and even patent intestinal infections. There is little information on canine hookworm species and their public health significance in sub-Saharan Africa. This study determined the prevalence and species of hookworms in dogs from different climatic zones of Kenya. Dog faecal samples were collected from the environment, and hookworm eggs were isolated by zinc chloride flotation and subjected to DNA extraction. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays targeting the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) 1 and 2, 5.8S and 28S ribosomal RNA ofAncylostomaspp. andUncinaria stenocephalawere performed, and hookworm species were identified by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) or DNA sequencing. Hookworm eggs were detected by microscopy in 490/1621 (30.23%, 95% CI 28.01–32.54) faecal samples. Estimates of faecal prevalence were high in counties receiving higher rainfall (Narok 46.80%, Meru 44.88%) and low in those with a more arid climate (Isiolo 19.73%, Turkana 11.83%). In a subset of 70 faecal samples,Ancylostoma caninum(n = 59) was the most common species, followed byA. braziliense(n = 10) andA.cf.duodenale(n = 1). This study reports for the first time the detection ofA.cf.duodenalein dog faeces and zoonotic hookworm species in Kenyan dogs. These findings emphasize the need for control measures such as enforcing laws for restraining stray dogs, regular deworming of dogs, and public health awareness programmes aimed at informing communities on outdoor use of footwear.
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Irisarri-Gutiérrez MJ, Muñoz-Antolí C, Acosta L, Parker LA, Toledo R, Bornay-Llinares FJ, Esteban JG. Hookworm-like eggs in children's faecal samples from a rural area of Rwanda. Afr Health Sci 2016; 16:83-8. [PMID: 27358617 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v16i1.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hookworm eggs identification and quantification is usually carried out by Kato-Katz method. However various structures present in the smear may be confused with eggs of such parasites. OBJECTIVE To document the presence of structures in Kato-Katz slides that could initially be misinterpreted as hookworm eggs. METHOD 497 faecal samples were analysed by Kato-Katz technique, diphasic concentration technique, agar-plate coprocultive and larvae obtained were analysed by PCR and characterized by sequencing. RESULT Hookworm-like eggs were found in 159 (32%) of the samples by Kato-Katz, finally identified as Caenorhabditis elegans by PCR technique. CONCLUSION The diagnosis of human hookworm eggs, only by the use of Kato-Katz technique can lead to false positives because of similarities with eggs of other free-living worms, from wet soils like those of Rwanda that could contaminate stool samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- María José Irisarri-Gutiérrez
- Área de Parasitología del Departament de Biología Cel.lular i Parasitología, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Carla Muñoz-Antolí
- Área de Parasitología del Departament de Biología Cel.lular i Parasitología, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Lucrecia Acosta
- Área de Parasitología del Departamento de Agroquímica y Medioambiente, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Alicante, Spain; Laboratorio de Análisis Clínicos, Sanatorio "Fontilles", Vall de Laguar, Alicante, Spain
| | - Lucy Anne Parker
- Departamento de Salud Pública Historia de la Ciencia y Ginecología, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | - Rafael Toledo
- Área de Parasitología del Departament de Biología Cel.lular i Parasitología, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Fernando Jorge Bornay-Llinares
- Área de Parasitología del Departamento de Agroquímica y Medioambiente, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | - José Guillermo Esteban
- Área de Parasitología del Departament de Biología Cel.lular i Parasitología, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
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Khalifa RMA, Abdellatif MZM, Ahmed AK, Yones DA, El-Mazary AAM, Aly LH, El-Seify MA, Haridi MA. First case of intestinal acariasis from Egypt. Springerplus 2016; 5:28. [PMID: 26788440 PMCID: PMC4710620 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-015-1584-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
We are hereby reporting a case where the eggs and adults of the mold mites; Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Shrank) and the trophozoites of Blastocystis sp. were found in stool of three years old child from Minia City, Egypt. Intestinal mite infection was diagnosed after repeated identification of mite’ stages from six consecutive stool samples to exclude the possibilities of contamination and spurious infection. The patient was suffering from severe colicky abdominal pain and burning sensation around the anus one month ago. All other members of his family were having the same acarine in their feces, but were all symptomless. The patient was treated with ivermectin 200 µg/kg body weight once every 10 days for three doses. His cure indicated that he was having asymptomatic blastocystosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Refaat M A Khalifa
- Medical Parasitology Departments, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | | | | | - Doaa A Yones
- Medical Parasitology Departments, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | | | - Lamia H Aly
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A El-Seify
- Parasitology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafr Elsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
| | - Moustafa A Haridi
- Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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Abstract
Domestic mite species found in indoor environments and in warm or tropical regions are well known for causing allergic disorders. However, little is known about human acariasis, in which mites invade and parasitize the human body in various tissues from the gastrointestinal tract to the lung. Here, we summarize the reported cases of human acariasis of pulmonary, intestinal, oral (anaphylaxis), urinary, otic, and vaginal systems. Because the clinical symptoms of acariasis often overlap with other disease symptoms leading to frequent misdiagnosis, we highlight the need for more attention on these infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubao Cui
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yancheng Health Vocational & Technical College, Jiefangnan Road 263, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province 224006, P,R, China.
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Zia B, Aftab HB, Zahid MF, Farooqi J, Uddin F, Beg MA. Dust mites in a routine clinical stool sample. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2014. [DOI: 10.12980/apjtb.4.2014apjtb-2014-0105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Current world literature. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2009; 9:79-85. [PMID: 19106700 DOI: 10.1097/ACI.0b013e328323adb4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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