1
|
Khan MI, Ashfaq F, Alsayegh AA, Hamouda A, Khatoon F, Altamimi TN, Alhodieb FS, Beg MMA. Advanced glycation end product signaling and metabolic complications: Dietary approach. World J Diabetes 2023; 14:995-1012. [PMID: 37547584 PMCID: PMC10401445 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i7.995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are a heterogeneous collection of compounds formed during industrial processing and home cooking through a sequence of nonenzymatic glycation reactions. The modern western diet is full of heat-treated foods that contribute to AGE intake. Foods high in AGEs in the contemporary diet include processed cereal products. Due to industrialization and marketing strategies, restaurant meals are modified rather than being traditionally or conventionally cooked. Fried, grilled, baked, and boiled foods have the greatest AGE levels. Higher AGE-content foods include dry nuts, roasted walnuts, sunflower seeds, fried chicken, bacon, and beef. Animal proteins and processed plant foods contain furosine, acrylamide, heterocyclic amines, and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural. Furosine (2-furoil-methyl-lysine) is an amino acid found in cooked meat products and other processed foods. High concentrations of carboxymethyl-lysine, carboxyethyl-lysine, and methylglyoxal-O are found in heat-treated nonvegetarian foods, peanut butter, and cereal items. Increased plasma levels of AGEs, which are harmful chemicals that lead to age-related diseases and physiological aging, diabetes, and autoimmune/inflammatory rheumatic diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis. AGEs in the pathophysiology of metabolic diseases have been linked to individuals with diabetes mellitus who have peripheral nerves with high amounts of AGEs and diabetes has been linked to increased myelin glycation. Insulin resistance and hyperglycemia can impact numerous human tissues and organs, leading to long-term difficulties in a number of systems and organs, including the cardiovascular system. Plasma AGE levels are linked to all-cause mortality in individuals with diabetes who have fatal or nonfatal coronary artery disease, such as ventricular dysfunction. High levels of tissue AGEs are independently associated with cardiac systolic dysfunction in diabetic patients with heart failure compared with diabetic patients without heart failure. It is widely recognized that AGEs and oxidative stress play a key role in the cardiovascular complications of diabetes because they both influence and are impacted by oxidative stress. All chronic illnesses involve protein, lipid, or nucleic acid modifications including crosslinked and nondegradable aggregates known as AGEs. Endogenous AGE formation or dietary AGE uptake can result in additional protein modifications and stimulation of several inflammatory signaling pathways. Many of these systems, however, require additional explanation because they are not entirely obvious. This review summarizes the current evidence regarding dietary sources of AGEs and metabolism-related complications associated with AGEs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Idreesh Khan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Health Sciences in Ar Rass, Qassim University, Ar Rass 51921, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fauzia Ashfaq
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Applied Medical Sciences College, Jazan University, Jazan 82817, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman A Alsayegh
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Applied Medical Sciences College, Jazan University, Jazan 82817, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alshaimaa Hamouda
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Applied Medical Sciences College, Jazan University, Jazan 82817, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahmida Khatoon
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail 2240, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tahani Nasser Altamimi
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail 2240, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Saad Alhodieb
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Health Sciences in Ar Rass, Qassim University, Ar Rass 51921, Saudi Arabia
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Přidal A, Musila J, Svoboda J. Condition and Honey Productivity of Honeybee Colonies Depending on Type of Supplemental Feed for Overwintering. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13030323. [PMID: 36766212 PMCID: PMC9913242 DOI: 10.3390/ani13030323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Harvested honey is usually replaced by an alternative sugar to overwinter honeybee colonies. Supplementation of winter stores with beet or cane sucrose is safe for colonies and does not cause winter mortality. Despite this, there are hypotheses that supplementation of inverted sugars has the potential to give better results in overwintering, spring growth, and honey production of the colonies, because bees are consuming already cleaved feed. Therefore, we compared the condition parameters and honey production in 70 colonies at four apiaries overwintered with stores from sucrose or inverted sugars. No statistically significant differences in dependence on the type of the supplemental feed were found. Inverted sugar was more expensive than sucrose for feeding colonies. Economic efficiency, physiological consequences, and other disadvantages of using invert syrups are discussed.
Collapse
|
3
|
Hasan A, Iqbal Qazi J, Tabssum F, Hussain A. Development, gut health, and longevity of European bee on the provision of biosugar syrup. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2022.102532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
4
|
Bodin L, del Mazo J, Grasl‐Kraupp B, Hogstrand C, Leblanc J, Bignami M, Hoogenboom L(R, Nebbia CS, Nielsen E, Ntzani E, Petersen A, Schrenk D, Vleminckx C, Wallace H, Focks A, Gregorc A, Metzler M, Sgolastra F, Tosi S, Horvath Z, Ippolito A, Rortais A, Steinkellner H, Szentes C, Sand S. Evaluation of the risks for animal health related to the presence of hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) in feed for honey bees. EFSA J 2022; 20:e07227. [PMID: 35475165 PMCID: PMC9019825 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2022.7227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The European Commission has asked the EFSA to evaluate the risk for animal health related to the presence of hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) in honey bee feed. HMF is a degradation product of particular sugars and can be present in bee feed. HMF is of low acute toxicity in bees but causes increased mortality upon chronic exposure. A benchmark dose lower limit 10% (BMDL10) of 1.16 μg HMF per bee per day has been calculated from mortalities observed in a 20‐day study and established as a Reference Point covering also mortality in larvae, drones and queens for which no or insufficient toxicity data were available. Winter bees have a much longer lifespan than summer bees and HMF shows clear time reinforced toxicity (TRT) characteristics. Therefore, additional Reference Point intervals of 0.21–3.1, 0.091–1.1 and 0.019–0.35 µg HMF/bee per day were calculated based on extrapolation to exposure durations of 50, 90 and 180 days, respectively. A total of 219 analytical data of HMF concentrations in bee feed from EU Member States and 88 from Industry were available. Exposure estimates of worker bees and larvae ranged between 0.1 and 0.48, and between 0.1 and 0.51 μg HMF/per day, respectively. They were well below the BMDL10 of 1.16 μg HMF/bee per day, and thus, no concern was identified. However, when accounting for TRT, the probability that exposures were below established reference point intervals was assessed to be extremely unlikely to almost certain depending on exposure duration. A concern for bee health was identified when bees are exposed to HMF contaminated bee feed for several months.
Collapse
|
5
|
Yıkmış S, Barut Gök S, Levent O, Kombak E. Moderate temperature and
UV‐C
light processing of Uruset apple juice: Optimization of bioactive components and evaluation of the impact on volatile profile,
HMF
and color. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.13893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seydi Yıkmış
- Department of Food Technology Çorlu Vocational School, Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University Tekirdağ Turkey
| | - Sıla Barut Gök
- Department of Food Technology Çorlu Vocational School, Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University Tekirdağ Turkey
| | - Okan Levent
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Inonu University Malatya Turkey
| | - Esengül Kombak
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University Tekirdağ Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Braglia C, Alberoni D, Porrini MP, Garrido PM, Baffoni L, Di Gioia D. Screening of Dietary Ingredients against the Honey Bee Parasite Nosema ceranae. Pathogens 2021; 10:1117. [PMID: 34578150 PMCID: PMC8466614 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10091117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Nosema ceranae is a major pathogen in the beekeeping sector, responsible for nosemosis. This disease is hard to manage since its symptomatology is masked until a strong collapse of the colony population occurs. Conversely, no medicaments are available in the market to counteract nosemosis, and only a few feed additives, with claimed antifungal action, are available. New solutions are strongly required, especially based on natural methods alternative to veterinary drugs that might develop resistance or strongly pollute honey bees and the environment. This study aims at investigating the nosemosis antiparasitic potential of some plant extracts, microbial fermentation products, organic acids, food chain waste products, bacteriocins, and fungi. Honey bees were singularly infected with 5 × 104 freshly prepared N. ceranae spores, reared in cages and fed ad libitum with sugar syrup solution containing the active ingredient. N. ceranae in the gut of honey bees was estimated using qPCR. The results showed that some of the ingredients administered, such as acetic acid at high concentration, p-coumaric acid, and Saccharomyces sp. strain KIA1, were effective in the control of nosemosis. On the other hand, wine acetic acid strongly increased the N. ceranae amount. This study investigates the possibility of using compounds such as organic acids or biological agents including those at the base of the circular economy, i.e., wine waste production, in order to improve honeybee health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Braglia
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy; (C.B.); (L.B.); (D.D.G.)
| | - Daniele Alberoni
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy; (C.B.); (L.B.); (D.D.G.)
| | - Martin Pablo Porrini
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción Sanidad y Ambiente (IIPROSAM), Centro Científico Tecnológico Mar del Plata-CONICET-UNMdP-CIC-PBA, Funes 3350, Mar del Plata Zc 7600, Argentina; (M.P.P.); (P.M.G.)
- Centro de Investigación en Abejas Sociales (CIAS), FCEyN, UNMdP, Funes 3350, Mar del Plata Zc 7600, Argentina
| | - Paula Melisa Garrido
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción Sanidad y Ambiente (IIPROSAM), Centro Científico Tecnológico Mar del Plata-CONICET-UNMdP-CIC-PBA, Funes 3350, Mar del Plata Zc 7600, Argentina; (M.P.P.); (P.M.G.)
- Centro de Investigación en Abejas Sociales (CIAS), FCEyN, UNMdP, Funes 3350, Mar del Plata Zc 7600, Argentina
| | - Loredana Baffoni
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy; (C.B.); (L.B.); (D.D.G.)
| | - Diana Di Gioia
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy; (C.B.); (L.B.); (D.D.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bugarova V, Godocikova J, Bucekova M, Brodschneider R, Majtan J. Effects of the Carbohydrate Sources Nectar, Sucrose and Invert Sugar on Antibacterial Activity of Honey and Bee-Processed Syrups. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:985. [PMID: 34439035 PMCID: PMC8388957 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10080985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Honey is a functional food with health-promoting properties. Some types of honey are used in wound care for the treatment of acute and chronic infected wounds. Increased interest in using honey as a functional food and as a base for wound care products causes limited availability of raw honey. Numerous studies suggest that the protein content of honey is mainly comprised of bee-derived proteins and peptides, with a pronounced antibacterial effect. Therefore, the aim of our study was to characterize for the first time the antibacterial activity of raw honeys and bee-processed syrups which were made by processing sucrose solution or invert sugar syrup in bee colonies under field conditions. Furthermore, we compared the contents of glucose oxidase (GOX) and the levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in honey samples and bee-processed syrups. These parameters were also compared between the processed sucrose solution and the processed invert sugar syrup. Our results clearly show that natural honey samples possess significantly higher antibacterial activity compared to bee-processed syrups. However, no differences in GOX contents and accumulated levels of H2O2 were found between honeys and bee-processed syrups. Comparison of the same parameters between bee-processed feeds based on the two artificial carbohydrate sources revealed no differences in all measured parameters, except for the content of GOX. The amount of GOX was significantly higher in bee-processed sucrose solutions, suggesting that processor bees can secrete a higher portion of carbohydrate metabolism enzymes. Determination of honey color intensity showed that in bee colonies, bee-processed syrups were partially mixed with natural honey. Further research is needed to identify the key botanical compounds in honey responsible for the increased antibacterial potential of honey.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Bugarova
- Laboratory of Apidology and Apitherapy, Department of Microbial Genetics, Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 21, 845 51 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.B.); (J.G.); (M.B.)
| | - Jana Godocikova
- Laboratory of Apidology and Apitherapy, Department of Microbial Genetics, Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 21, 845 51 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.B.); (J.G.); (M.B.)
| | - Marcela Bucekova
- Laboratory of Apidology and Apitherapy, Department of Microbial Genetics, Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 21, 845 51 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.B.); (J.G.); (M.B.)
| | - Robert Brodschneider
- Institute of Biology, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 2, A-8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Juraj Majtan
- Laboratory of Apidology and Apitherapy, Department of Microbial Genetics, Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 21, 845 51 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.B.); (J.G.); (M.B.)
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University, Limbova 12, 833 03 Bratislava, Slovakia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Dubey A, Kumar A, Rao PS. Development and storage study of reduced calorie aloe vera (Aloe barbadensis Miller) based pineapple fruit jam. Food Measure 2021; 15:961-75. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-020-00689-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|
9
|
YIKMIŞ S, ÖZPANCAR N, BOZKIR Ç, ÇÖL BG. Functional sirkencubin syrup with purple basil; bioactive properties, organoleptic acceptability, and possible effects on blood pressure. Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.34819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
10
|
Affiliation(s)
- Shu Khang Yap
- Department of Process and Food Engineering, Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Putra Malaysia Serdang Malaysia
| | - Nyuk Ling Chin
- Department of Process and Food Engineering, Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Putra Malaysia Serdang Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
|
12
|
Yıkmış S. Sensory, physicochemical, microbiological and bioactive properties of red watermelon juice and yellow watermelon juice after ultrasound treatment. Food Measure 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-020-00391-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
13
|
Papežíková I, Palíková M, Syrová E, Zachová A, Somerlíková K, Kováčová V, Pecková L. Effect of Feeding Honey Bee (Apis mellifera Hymenoptera: Apidae) Colonies With Honey, Sugar Solution, Inverted Sugar, and Wheat Starch Syrup on Nosematosis Prevalence and Intensity. J Econ Entomol 2020; 113:26-33. [PMID: 31560397 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toz251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Here, we present the results of a 2-year field trial aimed at testing the effect of overwintering on different feeds on the course of Nosema ceranae infection. In August 2015, four experimental bee colony groups were established. After the last honey harvest, each colony was provided with 20 kg of feed, either honey, sugar (3:2 solution in tap water), inverted syrup made of sucrose, or wheat starch syrup. Samples of live bees were collected from each beehive in August (before feeding), November, and May. The following year, feeding and sampling were performed in the same way. Bees were examined microscopically to estimate the percentage of Nosema-infected individuals in the sample and the spore number per bee. Fitness parameters were also measured in all colonies. In all hives, presence of N. ceranae was confirmed through polymerase chain reaction. Nosema apis was not detected in the apiary. Significant differences in nosematosis prevalence and/or intensity were observed between the experimental groups. For most parameters, best results were recorded in the group fed with honey. Worst fitness and highest nosematosis prevalence and intensity were found in colonies fed with wheat starch syrup.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Papežíková
- Department of Ecology and Diseases of Game, Fish and Bees; Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslava Palíková
- Department of Ecology and Diseases of Game, Fish and Bees; Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Syrová
- Department of Ecology and Diseases of Game, Fish and Bees; Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Zachová
- Department of Ecology and Diseases of Game, Fish and Bees; Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kristina Somerlíková
- Department of Regional and Business Economics; Faculty of Regional Development and International Studies, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Kováčová
- Department of Ecology and Diseases of Game, Fish and Bees; Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Pecková
- Department of Ecology and Diseases of Game, Fish and Bees; Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackého, Brno, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Brinkman MC, Teferra AA, Kassem NO, Kassem NO. Effect of electric heating and ice added to the bowl on mainstream waterpipe semivolatile furan and other toxicant yields. Tob Control 2020; 29:s110-s116. [PMID: 31542776 PMCID: PMC7050391 DOI: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2019-054961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We examined mainstream total particulate matter, nicotine, cotinine, menthol, pyrene, carbon monoxide (CO) and semivolatile furan yields from a commercial waterpipe with two methods for heating the tobacco, quick-light charcoal (charcoal) and electric head (electric) and two water bowl preparations: with (ice) and without ice (water). METHODS Emissions from a single brand of popular waterpipe tobacco (10 g) were generated using machine smoking according to a two-stage puffing regimen developed from human puffing topography. Tobacco and charcoal consumption were calculated for each machine smoking session as mass lost, expressed as a fraction of presmoking mass. RESULTS The heating method had the greatest effect on toxicant yields. Electric heating resulted in increases in the fraction of tobacco consumed (2.4 times more, p<0.0001), mainstream nicotine (1.4 times higher, p=0.002) and semivolatile furan yields (1.4 times higher, p<0.03), and a decrease in mainstream CO and pyrene yields (8.2 and 2.1 times lower, respectively, p<0.001) as compared with charcoal. Adding ice to the bowl resulted in higher furan yields for electric heating. Menthol yields were not different across the four conditions and averaged 0.16±0.03 mg/session. 2-Furaldehyde and 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-furaldehyde yields were up to 230 and 3900 times higher, respectively, than those reported for cigarettes. CONCLUSION Waterpipe components used to heat the tobacco and water bowl preparation can significantly affect mainstream toxicant yields. Mainstream waterpipe tobacco smoke is a significant source of inhalation exposure to semivolatile furans with human carcinogenic and mutagenic potential. These data highlight the need for acute and chronic inhalation toxicity data for semivolatile furans and provide support for the establishment of limits governing sugar additives in waterpipe tobacco and educational campaigns linking waterpipe tobacco smoking behaviours with their associated harm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Andreas A Teferra
- College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Noura O Kassem
- School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Nada Of Kassem
- School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
A high concentration of hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) (e.g., 15 mg HMF per kg honey) indicates quality deterioration for a wide range of foods. In honey bee colonies, HMF in stored honey can negatively affect bee health and survival. Therefore, in the laboratory, we experimentally determined the effects of HMF on the longevity and midgut integrity of worker Apis mellifera carnica by feeding bees standard diets containing five concentrations of HMF (100, 500, 1000, and 1500 ppm). Simultaneously, we also examined HMF’s effect on Nosema ceranae spore counts within infected honey bees. We performed an immunohistochemical analysis of the honey bee midgut to determine possible changes at the cellular level. No correlation was established between HMF concentration and N. ceranae spore counts. Negative effects of HMF on bees were not observed in the first 15 days of exposure. However, after 15 to 30 days of exposure, HMF caused midgut cells to die and an increased mortality of honey bee workers across treatment groups.
Collapse
|
16
|
Se KW, Wahab RA, Syed Yaacob SN, Ghoshal SK. Detection techniques for adulterants in honey: Challenges and recent trends. J Food Compost Anal 2019; 80:16-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|
17
|
Yang W, Zhang C, Li C, Huang ZY, Miao X. Pathway of 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde formation in honey. J Food Sci Technol 2019; 56:2417-2425. [PMID: 31168124 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-019-03708-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde (5-HMF) is an important substance that affect quality of honey and shows toxicity for humans and honey bees. The pathway of 5-HMF formation in honey is still unknown. In this study, we tested the effect of thermal treatment (at 90 °C for 4 h) on the formulation of 5-HMF formulation in rapeseed with varied honey composition. 5-HMF content of honey increased at higher water content, Ca2+ and Mg2+ content and lower pH. However, the formation of 5-HMF was not significantly influenced by glucose, fructose, Na+, or K+ contents. Furthermore, different content of proline, the most abundant amino acid in honey (a substance in Maillard reaction), had no effect on 5-HMF formation. Free acids in honey can catalyze fructose and glucose to form 5-HMF. These results suggest that dehydration of glucose or fructose, instead of the Maillard reaction, is the main pathway of 5-HMF formation in honey. This study gives new insights for the mechanisms of 5-HMF formation and provides method for reducing 5-HMF formation during honey processing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenchao Yang
- 1Apitherapy Institute, College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002 Fujian People's Republic of China.,Bee Product Processing and Application Research Center of the Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, 350002 Fujian China
| | - Chuang Zhang
- 1Apitherapy Institute, College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002 Fujian People's Republic of China
| | - Charlie Li
- 4Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Zachary Yong Huang
- 2Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48912 USA
| | - Xiaoqing Miao
- 1Apitherapy Institute, College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002 Fujian People's Republic of China.,Bee Product Processing and Application Research Center of the Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, 350002 Fujian China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Guler A, Ekinci D, Biyik S, Garipoglu AV, Onder H, Kocaokutgen H. Effects of Feeding Honey Bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) With Industrial Sugars Produced by Plants Using Different Photosynthetic Cycles (Carbon C3 and C4) on the Colony Wintering Ability, Lifespan, and Forage Behavior. J Econ Entomol 2018; 111:2003-2010. [PMID: 29982786 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toy189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In the study, 130 honey bee colonies fed with different levels (5, 20, and 100 liters/colony) of various industrial commercial sugars, including High-Fructose Corn 85 (Fructose-85), High-Fructose Corn 55 (Fructose-55), Glucose Monohydrate (Glucose), Bee feed, and Sucrose syrups, for 2 mo were compared with colonies fed with no sugar (control) in terms of their colony development of worker bee population, hive weight, wax production, wintering ability, foraging behavior, and lifespan of worker bee. Utilization of industrial sugars by honey bee colonies showed differences in terms of colony performance and behavior parameters. Honey bees did not use Glucose heavily, resulting in 4% increase in worker bee loss in winter and 46% decrease in marked worker bee numbers over time when compared to the control. Sucrose syrup had a positive effect on wintering ability, wax production, and hive weight. While Sucrose had a positive effect (3-4%) on wintering ability, the 100 liters/colony sugar syrups of all other sugars had negative effects (6-15%). Sugars containing high levels of monosaccharide were not used effectively by honey bee colonies, whereas the sugars containing fructose and glucose at rates of 40 and 30% (Bee feed and Fructose-55), were utilized effectively. The lifespan of worker bees decreased over time in the 100 liters/colony of all sugars syrup. In conclusion, except Glucose, other industrial sugars can be used for promoting colonies at the beginning of the season (in spring). Industrial sugars except sucrose should not be used in order to meet carbohydrate needs of the colonies in winter.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Guler
- Faculty of Agriculture Animal Science Department, Ondokuzmayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Deniz Ekinci
- Faculty of Agriculture Department of Biotechnology, Ondokuzmayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Selim Biyik
- Faculty of Agriculture Animal Science Department, Ondokuzmayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Ali V Garipoglu
- Faculty of Agriculture Animal Science Department, Ondokuzmayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Hasan Onder
- Faculty of Agriculture Animal Science Department, Ondokuzmayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Hasan Kocaokutgen
- Faculty of Arts and Science Department of Chemistry, Ondokuzmayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Lafarga T, Aguiló-Aguayo I, Bobo G, Chung AV, Tiwari BK. Effect of storage on total phenolics, antioxidant capacity, and physicochemical properties of blueberry ( Vaccinium corymbosum
L.) jam. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.13666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomás Lafarga
- XaRTA-Postharvest, IRTA, Parc Científic i Tecnològic Agroalimentari de Lleida, Parc de Gardeny, Edifici Fruitcentre, 25003, Lleida; Catalonia Spain
| | - Ingrid Aguiló-Aguayo
- XaRTA-Postharvest, IRTA, Parc Científic i Tecnològic Agroalimentari de Lleida, Parc de Gardeny, Edifici Fruitcentre, 25003, Lleida; Catalonia Spain
| | - Gloria Bobo
- XaRTA-Postharvest, IRTA, Parc Científic i Tecnològic Agroalimentari de Lleida, Parc de Gardeny, Edifici Fruitcentre, 25003, Lleida; Catalonia Spain
| | - Andrea V. Chung
- Department of Food and Tourism Management; Manchested Metropolitan University; Manchester United Kingdom
| | - Brijesh K. Tiwari
- Department of Food BioSciences; Teagasc Food Research Centre; Dublin Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
|
21
|
Ros-Polski V, Popović V, Koutchma T. Effect of ultraviolet-C light treatment on Hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) content in high fructose corn syrup (HFCS) and model syrups. J FOOD ENG 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2016.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|
22
|
Penick CA, Crofton CA, Holden Appler R, Frank SD, Dunn RR, Tarpy DR. The contribution of human foods to honey bee diets in a mid-sized metropolis. J Urban Ecol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/jue/juw001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
|
23
|
Zheng C, Zeng L, Xu Y. Effect of sweeteners on the survival and behaviour of Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae). Pest Manag Sci 2016; 72:990-996. [PMID: 26177595 DOI: 10.1002/ps.4079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Revised: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae) causes serious damage that affects fruit production. Chemical insecticides have been widely used for the prevention and control of this destructive pest. However, the resistance of B. dorsalis to these compounds has become a serious problem. This study tested six sweeteners for their toxicity to B. dorsalis. RESULTS B. dorsalis fed on erythritol, aspartame and saccharin exhibited significantly higher mortality than those fed on sucrose. Flies fed on erythritol died faster than did the control flies (water). However, no dose-dependent effects were observed at the concentrations tested. These three sweeteners decreased the climbing ability of B. dorsalis. Notably, adults fed on saccharin exhibited significantly decreased climbing ability after 12 h compared with those fed on sucrose. Additionally, these three sweeteners had a negative effect on the frequency and duration of the flies' behaviour patterns (flying, walking, grooming and inactivity). Saccharin not only induced a marked reduction in the frequency of flights and walks but also induced decreases in the time spent flying and walking and increases in inactivity compared with sucrose. Erythritol induced a reduction in movement and increased the time spent inactive compared with the control and other treatments. CONCLUSION Three sweeteners had significant negative effects on the survival of B. dorsalis. Erythritol was toxic to B. dorsalis. Aspartame and saccharin also decreased the survival and behaviour of adult flies and may be toxic to (or contribute to poor nutrition in) B. dorsalis. These sweeteners could therefore be developed as additive ingredients in baits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Zheng
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Zeng
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yijuan Xu
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Krainer S, Brodschneider R, Vollmann J, Crailsheim K, Riessberger-Gallé U. Effect of hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) on mortality of artificially reared honey bee larvae (Apis mellifera carnica). Ecotoxicology 2016; 25:320-328. [PMID: 26590927 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-015-1590-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is a heat-formed, acid-catalyzed contaminant of sugar syrups, which find their way into honey bee feeding. As HMF was noted to be toxic to adult honey bees, we investigated the toxicity of HMF towards larvae. Therefore we exposed artificially reared larvae to a chronic HMF intoxication over 6 days using 6 different concentrations (5, 50, 750, 5000, 7500 and 10,000 ppm) and a control. The mortality was assessed from day 2 to day 7 (d7) and on day 22 (d22). Concentrations ranging from 5 to 750 ppm HMF did not show any influence on larval or pupal mortality compared to controls (p > 0.05; Kaplan-Meier analysis). Concentrations of 7500 ppm or higher caused a larval mortality of 100%. An experimental LC50 of 4280 ppm (d7) and 2424 ppm (d22) was determined. The calculated LD50 was 778 µg HMF per larva on d7 and 441 µg HMF on d22. Additionally, we exposed adult honey bees to high concentrations of HMF to compare the mortality to the results from larvae. On d7 larvae are much more sensitive against HMF than adult honey bees after 6 days of feeding. However, on d22 after emergence adults show a lower LC50, which indicates a higher sensitivity than larvae. As toxicity of HMF against honey bees is a function of time and concentration, our results indicate that HMF in supplemental food will probably not cause great brood losses. Yet sublethal effects might decrease fitness of the colony.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Krainer
- Institute of Zoology, Karl-Franzens University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 2, 8010, Graz, Austria.
| | - Robert Brodschneider
- Institute of Zoology, Karl-Franzens University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 2, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Jutta Vollmann
- Institute of Zoology, Karl-Franzens University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 2, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Karl Crailsheim
- Institute of Zoology, Karl-Franzens University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 2, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Ulrike Riessberger-Gallé
- Institute of Zoology, Karl-Franzens University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 2, 8010, Graz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Asghar N, Imran M, Mushtaq Z, Ahmad RS, Khan MK, Ahmad N, Ahmad U. Characterization and Functional Product Development from Bael (Aegle marmelos
L.
Correa) Fruit Pulp. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.12658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nosheen Asghar
- Department of Food Science, Nutrition and Home Economics; Government College University; Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Institute of Home and Food Sciences; Faculty of Science and Technology; Government College University; Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Zarina Mushtaq
- Department of Food Science, Nutrition and Home Economics; Government College University; Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan
| | - Rabia Shabir Ahmad
- Department of Food Science, Nutrition and Home Economics; Government College University; Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Kamran Khan
- Institute of Home and Food Sciences; Faculty of Science and Technology; Government College University; Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Nazir Ahmad
- Institute of Home and Food Sciences; Faculty of Science and Technology; Government College University; Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Uswa Ahmad
- Department of Food Science, Nutrition and Home Economics; Government College University; Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Du B, Wu L, Xue X, Chen L, Li Y, Zhao J, Cao W. Rapid Screening of Multiclass Syrup Adulterants in Honey by Ultrahigh-Performance Liquid Chromatography/Quadrupole Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry. J Agric Food Chem 2015; 63:6614-6623. [PMID: 26151590 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b01410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Honey adulteration with sugar syrups is a widespread problem. Several types of syrups have been used in honey adulteration, and there is no available method that can simultaneously detect all of these adulterants. In this study, we generated a small-scale database containing the specific chromatographic and mass spectrometry information on sugar syrup markers and developed a simple, rapid, and effective ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC/Q-TOF-MS) method for the detection of adulterated honey. Corn syrup, high-fructose corn syrup, inverted syrup, and rice syrup were used as honey adulterants; polysaccharides, difructose anhydrides, and 2-acetylfuran-3-glucopyranoside were used as detection markers. The presence of 10% sugar syrup in honey could be easily detected in <30 min using the developed method. The results revealed that UHPLC/Q-TOF-MS was simple and rapid.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Du
- †Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, 229 North TaiBai Road, Xi'an 710069, China
- ‡Institute of Apiculture Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Liming Wu
- §Risk Assessment Laboratory for Bee Products Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Xiaofeng Xue
- ‡Institute of Apiculture Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- §Risk Assessment Laboratory for Bee Products Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Lanzhen Chen
- ‡Institute of Apiculture Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- §Risk Assessment Laboratory for Bee Products Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Yi Li
- §Risk Assessment Laboratory for Bee Products Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- ⊗Bee Product Quality Supervisionand Testing Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 102202, China
| | - Wei Cao
- †Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, 229 North TaiBai Road, Xi'an 710069, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Abstract
Insecticides are chemicals used to kill insects, so it is unsurprising that many insecticides have the potential to harm honey bees (Apis mellifera). However, bees are exposed to a great variety of other potentially toxic chemicals, including flavonoids and alkaloids that are produced by plants; mycotoxins produced by fungi; antimicrobials and acaricides that are introduced by beekeepers; and fungicides, herbicides, and other environmental contaminants. Although often regarded as uniquely sensitive to toxic compounds, honey bees are adapted to tolerate and even thrive in the presence of toxic compounds that occur naturally in their environment. The harm caused by exposure to a particular concentration of a toxic compound may depend on the level of simultaneous exposure to other compounds, pathogen levels, nutritional status, and a host of other factors. This review takes a holistic view of bee toxicology by taking into account the spectrum of xenobiotics to which bees are exposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reed M Johnson
- Department of Entomology, The Ohio State University, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, Ohio 44691;
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Giacobino A, Cagnolo NB, Merke J, Orellano E, Bertozzi E, Masciangelo G, Pietronave H, Salto C, Signorini M. Risk factors associated with the presence of Varroa destructor in honey bee colonies from east-central Argentina. Prev Vet Med 2014; 115:280-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2014.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Revised: 02/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|
29
|
Zirbes L, Nguyen BK, de Graaf DC, De Meulenaer B, Reybroeck W, Haubruge E, Saegerman C. Hydroxymethylfurfural: a possible emergent cause of honey bee mortality? J Agric Food Chem 2013; 61:11865-70. [PMID: 24127696 DOI: 10.1021/jf403280n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), a common product of hexose degradation occurring during the Maillard reaction and caramelization, has been found toxic for rats and mice. It could cause a potential health risk for humans due to its presence in many foods, sometimes exceeding 1 g/kg (in certain dried fruits and caramel products), although the latter still is controversial. HMF can also be consumed by honey bees through bad production batches of sugar syrups that are offered as winter feeding. In Belgium, abnormal losses of honey bee colonies were observed in colonies that were fed with syrup of inverted beet sugar containing high concentrations of HMF (up to 475 mg/kg). These losses suggest that HMF could be implicated in bee mortality, a topic that so far has received only little attention. This paper reviews the current knowledge of the presence of HMF in honey bee environment and possible consequences on bee mortality. Some lines of inquiry for further toxicological analysis are likewise proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lara Zirbes
- Unit of Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, University of Liege, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech , Passage des déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Jeong J, Antonyraj CA, Shin S, Kim S, Kim B, Lee K, Cho JK. Commercially attractive process for production of 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural from high fructose corn syrup. J IND ENG CHEM 2013; 19:1106-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2012.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|
31
|
Sammataro D, Weiss M. Comparison of productivity of colonies of honey bees, Apis mellifera, supplemented with sucrose or high fructose corn syrup. Journal of Insect Science 2013; 13:19. [PMID: 23886010 PMCID: PMC3735052 DOI: 10.1673/031.013.1901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2011] [Accepted: 04/11/2012] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Honey bee colony feeding trials were conducted to determine whether differential effects of carbohydrate feeding (sucrose syrup (SS) vs. high fructose corn syrup, or HFCS) could be measured between colonies fed exclusively on these syrups. In one experiment, there was a significant difference in mean wax production between the treatment groups and a significant interaction between time and treatment for the colonies confined in a flight arena. On average, the colonies supplied with SS built 7916.7 cm(2) ± 1015.25 cm(2) honeycomb, while the colonies supplied with HFCS built 4571.63 cm(2) ± 786.45 cm(2). The mean mass of bees supplied with HFCS was 4.65 kg (± 0.97 kg), while those supplied with sucrose had a mean of 8.27 kg (± 1.26). There was no significant difference between treatment groups in terms of brood rearing. Differences in brood production were complicated due to possible nutritional deficiencies experienced by both treatment groups. In the second experiment, colonies supplemented with SS through the winter months at a remote field site exhibited increased spring brood production when compared to colonies fed with HFCS. The differences in adult bee populations were significant, having an overall average of 10.0 ± 1.3 frames of bees fed the sucrose syrup between November 2008 and April 2009, compared to 7.5 ± 1.6 frames of bees fed exclusively on HFCS. For commercial queen beekeepers, feeding the right supplementary carbohydrates could be especially important, given the findings of this study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diana Sammataro
- USDA-ARS Carl Hayden Honey Bee Research Center, 2000 East Allen Road, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Rababah TM, Al-U'Datt M, Al-Mahasneh M, Yang W, Feng H, Ereifej K, Kilani I, Ishmais MA. Effect of Jam Processing and Storage on Phytochemicals and Physiochemical Properties of Cherry at Different Temperatures. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-4549.2012.00770.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taha M. Rababah
- Faculty of Agriculture; Jordan University of Science and Technology; PO Box 3030 Irbid 22110 Jordan
| | - Muhammad Al-U'Datt
- Faculty of Agriculture; Jordan University of Science and Technology; PO Box 3030 Irbid 22110 Jordan
| | - Majdi Al-Mahasneh
- Faculty of Engineering; Jordan University of Science and Technology; Irbid Jordan
| | - Wade Yang
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition; University of Florida; Gainesville FL
| | - Hao Feng
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Urbana IL
| | - Khalil Ereifej
- Faculty of Agriculture; Jordan University of Science and Technology; PO Box 3030 Irbid 22110 Jordan
| | - Isra Kilani
- Faculty of Agriculture; Jordan University of Science and Technology; PO Box 3030 Irbid 22110 Jordan
| | - Majdi Abu Ishmais
- Faculty of Agriculture; Jordan University of Science and Technology; PO Box 3030 Irbid 22110 Jordan
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Douša M, Gibala P, Břicháč J, Havlíček J. The formation of furfural compounds in selected saccharide- and polysaccharide-based pharmaceutical excipients. J Pharm Sci 2012; 101:1811-20. [PMID: 22318787 DOI: 10.1002/jps.23072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2011] [Revised: 01/10/2012] [Accepted: 01/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The acid hydrolysis of various selected saccharide- and polysaccharide-based pharmaceutical excipients under acid hydrolysis and the formation of degradation compounds were studied. New degradation products formed from these excipients were discovered. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance techniques were employed to identify and fully characterize these unknown compounds. The degradation products were identified as [(5-formylfuran-2-yl)methoxy]acetic acid, 5-[(propan-2-yloxy)methyl]furan-2-carbaldehyde, along with the previously identified 5-(methoxymethyl)furan-2-carbaldehyde. On the basis of the identification of these degradation products, a reasonable mechanism for their formation can be proposed. Temperature and pH affect the hydrolysis rates of saccharides and polysaccharides, which in turn affects the rate of formation of furfural compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michal Douša
- ZENTIVA, a.s. Praha, 102 37 Prague 10, Czech Republic.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Johnson RM, Mao W, Pollock HS, Niu G, Schuler MA, Berenbaum MR. Ecologically appropriate xenobiotics induce cytochrome P450s in Apis mellifera. PLoS One 2012; 7:e31051. [PMID: 22319603 PMCID: PMC3272026 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0031051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2011] [Accepted: 12/31/2011] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Honey bees are exposed to phytochemicals through the nectar, pollen and propolis consumed to sustain the colony. They may also encounter mycotoxins produced by Aspergillus fungi infesting pollen in beebread. Moreover, bees are exposed to agricultural pesticides, particularly in-hive acaricides used against the parasite Varroa destructor. They cope with these and other xenobiotics primarily through enzymatic detoxificative processes, but the regulation of detoxificative enzymes in honey bees remains largely unexplored. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We used several approaches to ascertain effects of dietary toxins on bee susceptibility to synthetic and natural xenobiotics, including the acaricide tau-fluvalinate, the agricultural pesticide imidacloprid, and the naturally occurring mycotoxin aflatoxin. We administered potential inducers of cytochrome P450 enzymes, the principal biochemical system for Phase 1 detoxification in insects, to investigate how detoxification is regulated. The drug phenobarbital induces P450s in many insects, yet feeding bees with phenobarbital had no effect on the toxicity of tau-fluvalinate, a pesticide known to be detoxified by bee P450s. Similarly, no P450 induction, as measured by tau-fluvalinate tolerance, occurred in bees fed xanthotoxin, salicylic acid, or indole-3-carbinol, all of which induce P450s in other insects. Only quercetin, a common pollen and honey constituent, reduced tau-fluvalinate toxicity. In microarray comparisons no change in detoxificative gene expression was detected in phenobarbital-treated bees. However, northern blot analyses of guts of bees fed extracts of honey, pollen and propolis showed elevated expression of three CYP6AS P450 genes. Diet did not influence tau-fluvalinate or imidacloprid toxicity in bioassays; however, aflatoxin toxicity was higher in bees consuming sucrose or high-fructose corn syrup than in bees consuming honey. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE These results suggest that regulation of honey bee P450s is tuned to chemicals occurring naturally in the hive environment and that, in terms of toxicological capacity, a diet of sugar is not equivalent to a diet of honey.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reed M Johnson
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Rababah TM, Al-Mahasneh MA, Kilani I, Yang W, Alhamad MN, Ereifej K, Al-U'datt M. Effect of jam processing and storage on total phenolics, antioxidant activity, and anthocyanins of different fruits. J Sci Food Agric 2011; 91:1096-1102. [PMID: 21254073 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.4289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2010] [Revised: 08/23/2010] [Accepted: 12/10/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fruits have been widely recognised as an excellent source of bioactive phenolic compounds. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of jam processing of strawberry, cherry, apricot, fig and orange on the total phenolics, antioxidant activity and anthocyanins during 5 months of storage at 25 °C. RESULTS Fresh strawberry had the highest contents of total phenolics (8503.1 mg GAE kg(-1) ) followed by cherry, apricot, fig and orange, respectively. Jam processing decreased the total phenolics, antioxidant activity, and anthocyanins of all fruits. Total phenolics of jam during storage decreased only in apricot, fig and orange. Fresh strawberry had the highest antioxidant activity (54.88% inhibition) followed by the other fruits. Antioxidant activity did not change in strawberry during jam storage, while there are reductions in the other fruits were observed. Fresh strawberry had the highest anthocyanins (2323.8 mg cya-3-glu kg(-1) ), followed by cherry and the other fruits, respectively. Results showed only a decrease of anthocyanins and pH in apricot and fig jams during 5 months of storage. CONCLUSION Despite the reduction of these compounds in jam processing, it is considered a good method to maintain them during 5 months of storage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taha M Rababah
- Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, 22110 Jordan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Cho KJ, Cha JY, Yim JH, Kim JH. Effects of Aging Temperature and Time on the Conversion of Garlic (Allium sativum L.) Components. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.3746/jkfn.2011.40.1.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|
37
|
Abstract
The title compound (HMF), C6H6O3, is one of the products of acid-catalyzed dehydration of high-fructose corn syrup, and has been shown to be toxic to honey bees. The compound was crystallized at 276 K, and it was found that the two independent molecules in the asymmetric unit form an infinite O—H⋯O hydrogen-bonding chain that is linked into a three-dimensional network structure by weak intermolecular C—H⋯O contacts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tamila Shalumova
- Department of Chemistry, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, NY 12604, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Ruiz-Matute AI, Weiss M, Sammataro D, Finely J, Sanz ML. Carbohydrate composition of high-fructose corn syrups (HFCS) used for bee feeding: effect on honey composition. J Agric Food Chem 2010; 58:7317-7322. [PMID: 20491475 DOI: 10.1021/jf100758x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the carbohydrate composition of high-fructose corn syrups (HFCS) from commercial manufacturers as well as from beekeepers was characterized by GC-MS. Sucrose syrups (SS) were also included in this work for comparison. Fructosyl-fructoses and some unknown carbohydrates, which could correspond to fructosyl-glucoses, have been detected in HFCS for the first time, whereas SS were mainly characterized by the high contents of sucrose. Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) content of samples supplied by beekeepers was much more variable; the mean level of HMF was 64.61 ppm (+/-16.92 ppm, 95% CI ranging from 26.91 to 102.31 ppm). Syrups were used to feed caged bees and the resulting honeys produced were analyzed in order to determine their influence in carbohydrate composition. Fructosyl-fructoses were mainly detected in honeys from bees fed with HFCS, but not from those honeys coming from free-flying bees or bees fed with SS.
Collapse
|
39
|
Food chemistry: Bee-devilled by corn syrup. Nature 2009; 461:15-15. [DOI: 10.1038/461015d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
|