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Živalj M, Van Ginderachter JA, Stijlemans B. Lipocalin-2: A Nurturer of Tumor Progression and a Novel Candidate for Targeted Cancer Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5159. [PMID: 37958332 PMCID: PMC10648573 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15215159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Within the tumor microenvironment (TME) exists a complex signaling network between cancer cells and stromal cells, which determines the fate of tumor progression. Hence, interfering with this signaling network forms the basis for cancer therapy. Yet, many types of cancer, in particular, solid tumors, are refractory to the currently used treatments, so there is an urgent need for novel molecular targets that could improve current anti-cancer therapeutic strategies. Lipocalin-2 (Lcn-2), a secreted siderophore-binding glycoprotein that regulates iron homeostasis, is highly upregulated in various cancer types. Due to its pleiotropic role in the crosstalk between cancer cells and stromal cells, favoring tumor progression, it could be considered as a novel biomarker for prognostic and therapeutic purposes. However, the exact signaling route by which Lcn-2 promotes tumorigenesis remains unknown, and Lcn-2-targeting moieties are largely uninvestigated. This review will (i) provide an overview on the role of Lcn-2 in orchestrating the TME at the level of iron homeostasis, macrophage polarization, extracellular matrix remodeling, and cell migration and survival, and (ii) discuss the potential of Lcn-2 as a promising novel drug target that should be pursued in future translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maida Živalj
- Brussels Center for Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Laboratory, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jo A. Van Ginderachter
- Brussels Center for Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Laboratory, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Benoit Stijlemans
- Brussels Center for Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Myeloid Cell Immunology Laboratory, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
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Hui W, Wenhua S, Shuojie Z, Lulin W, Panpan Z, Tongtong Z, Xiaoli X, Juhua D. How does NFAT3 regulate the occurrence of cardiac hypertrophy? Int J Cardiol Heart Vasc 2023; 48:101271. [PMID: 37753338 PMCID: PMC10518445 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcha.2023.101271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy is initially an adaptive response to physiological and pathological stimuli. Although pathological myocardial hypertrophy is the main cause of morbidity and mortality, our understanding of its mechanism is still weak. NFAT3 (nuclear factor of activated T-cell-3) is a member of the nuclear factor of the activated T cells (NFAT) family. NFAT3 plays a critical role in regulating the expression of cardiac hypertrophy genes by inducing their transcription. Recently, accumulating evidence has indicated that NFAT3 is a potent regulator of the progression of cardiac hypertrophy. This review, for the first time, summarizes the current studies on NFAT3 in cardiac hypertrophy, including the pathophysiological processes and the underlying pathological mechanism, focusing on the nuclear translocation and transcriptional function of NFAT3. This review will provide deep insight into the pathogenesis of cardiac hypertrophy and a theoretical basis for identifying new therapeutic targets in the NFAT3 network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Hui
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Aging & Tumor, Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Su Wenhua
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Aging & Tumor, Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Department of Cardiology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhang Shuojie
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Aging & Tumor, Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Wang Lulin
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Aging & Tumor, Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhao Panpan
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Aging & Tumor, Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhang Tongtong
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Aging & Tumor, Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xie Xiaoli
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Aging & Tumor, Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Dan Juhua
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics of Aging & Tumor, Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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Berber M, Leng S, Wengi A, Winter DV, Odermatt A, Beuschlein F, Loffing J, Breault DT, Penton D. Calcineurin regulates aldosterone production via dephosphorylation of NFATC4. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e157027. [PMID: 37310791 PMCID: PMC10443813 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.157027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The mineralocorticoid aldosterone, secreted by the adrenal zona glomerulosa (ZG), is critical for life, maintaining ion homeostasis and blood pressure. Therapeutic inhibition of protein phosphatase 3 (calcineurin, Cn) results in inappropriately low plasma aldosterone levels despite concomitant hyperkalemia and hyperreninemia. We tested the hypothesis that Cn participates in the signal transduction pathway regulating aldosterone synthesis. Inhibition of Cn with tacrolimus abolished the potassium-stimulated (K+-stimulated) expression of aldosterone synthase, encoded by CYP11B2, in the NCI-H295R human adrenocortical cell line as well as ex vivo in mouse and human adrenal tissue. ZG-specific deletion of the regulatory Cn subunit CnB1 diminished Cyp11b2 expression in vivo and disrupted K+-mediated aldosterone synthesis. Phosphoproteomics analysis identified nuclear factor of activated T cells, cytoplasmic 4 (NFATC4), as a target for Cn-mediated dephosphorylation. Deletion of NFATC4 impaired K+-dependent stimulation of CYP11B2 expression and aldosterone production while expression of a constitutively active form of NFATC4 increased expression of CYP11B2 in NCI-H295R cells. Chromatin immunoprecipitation revealed NFATC4 directly regulated CYP11B2 expression. Thus, Cn controls aldosterone production via the Cn/NFATC4 pathway. Inhibition of Cn/NFATC4 signaling may explain low plasma aldosterone levels and hyperkalemia in patients treated with tacrolimus, and the Cn/NFATC4 pathway may provide novel molecular targets to treat primary aldosteronism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mesut Berber
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Zurich, Switzerland
- Swiss National Centre for Competence in Research “Kidney Control of Homeostasis” (NCCR Kidney.CH), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sining Leng
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Denise V. Winter
- Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology and Division of Molecular and Systems Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alex Odermatt
- Swiss Centre for Applied Human Toxicology and Division of Molecular and Systems Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Felix Beuschlein
- Swiss National Centre for Competence in Research “Kidney Control of Homeostasis” (NCCR Kidney.CH), Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Johannes Loffing
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Zurich, Switzerland
- Swiss National Centre for Competence in Research “Kidney Control of Homeostasis” (NCCR Kidney.CH), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - David T. Breault
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David Penton
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Zurich, Switzerland
- Swiss National Centre for Competence in Research “Kidney Control of Homeostasis” (NCCR Kidney.CH), Zurich, Switzerland
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Pan C, Li C, Cheng S, Chen Y, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Zhang H, Liu L, Meng P, Yang X, Cheng B, Wen Y, Jia Y, Zhang F. The Effect of Secondary Sexual Characteristics Outset Time Abnormality on Addiction in Adults: a Mendelian Randomization Study. Int J Ment Health Addict 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-023-01037-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2023] Open
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Coillard L, Guaddachi F, Ralu M, Brabencova E, Garbar C, Bensussan A, Le Bras M, Lehmann-Che J, Jauliac S. The NFAT3/RERG Complex in Luminal Breast Cancers Is Required to Inhibit Cell Invasion and May Be Correlated With an Absence of Axillary Lymph Nodes Colonization. Front Oncol 2022; 12:804868. [PMID: 35847954 PMCID: PMC9280138 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.804868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Luminal breast cancers represent 70% of newly diagnosed breast cancers per annum and have a relatively good prognosis compared with triple-negative breast cancers. Luminal tumors that are responsive to hormonal therapy are particularly associated with a favorable prognosis. Nonetheless, the absolute number of metastatic relapses in luminal cancers is larger than in triple-negative breast cancers. A better understanding of the biology of luminal cancers, control of metastases formation, and identification of predictive markers of their evolution are therefore still necessary. In this context, we previously disclosed the key role of NFAT3 in regulating luminal breast cancer invasion. We have now identified a specific inhibitory region, in the C-terminal part of NFAT3, required for the inhibition of invasion of the human luminal breast cancer cell line T-47D. Indeed, we showed that this 85 amino acid C-terminal region acts as a dominant negative form of NFAT3 and that its overexpression in the T-47D cell line led to increased cell invasion. Mechanistically, we have revealed that this region of NFAT3 interacts with the small Ras GTPase RERG (RAS like estrogen regulated growth inhibitor) and shown that RERG expression is required for NFAT3 to impede T-47D cell invasion. We have validated the association of NFAT3 with RERG in human luminal breast cancer tissues. We have shown an increase of the quantity of the NFAT3/RERG complexes in patients without axillary lymph node colonization and therefore proposed that the detection of this complex may be a non-invasive marker of axillary lymph node colonization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Coillard
- Université de Paris, Research Saint Louis Institute (IRSL), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Human Immunology Pathophysiology Immunotherapy (INSERM HIPI) U976, Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Guaddachi
- Université de Paris, Research Saint Louis Institute (IRSL), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Human Immunology Pathophysiology Immunotherapy (INSERM HIPI) U976, Paris, France
| | - Maëlle Ralu
- Université de Paris, Research Saint Louis Institute (IRSL), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Human Immunology Pathophysiology Immunotherapy (INSERM HIPI) U976, Paris, France
| | - Eva Brabencova
- Department of Biopathology, Centre Régional de Lutte Contre le Cancer, Institut Godinot, Reims, France
| | - Christian Garbar
- Department of Biopathology, Centre Régional de Lutte Contre le Cancer, Institut Godinot, Reims, France
| | - Armand Bensussan
- Université de Paris, Research Saint Louis Institute (IRSL), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Human Immunology Pathophysiology Immunotherapy (INSERM HIPI) U976, Paris, France
| | - Morgane Le Bras
- Université de Paris, Research Saint Louis Institute (IRSL), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Human Immunology Pathophysiology Immunotherapy (INSERM HIPI) U976, Paris, France
| | - Jacqueline Lehmann-Che
- Université de Paris, Research Saint Louis Institute (IRSL), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Human Immunology Pathophysiology Immunotherapy (INSERM HIPI) U976, Paris, France
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France
| | - Sébastien Jauliac
- Université de Paris, Research Saint Louis Institute (IRSL), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Human Immunology Pathophysiology Immunotherapy (INSERM HIPI) U976, Paris, France
- *Correspondence: Sébastien Jauliac,
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Abstract
Nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 4 (NFATc4), a transcription factor of NFAT family, which is activated by Ca2+/calcineurin signaling. Recently, it is reported that aberrantly activated NFATc4 participated and modulated in the initiation, proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of various cancers (including cancers of the lung, breast, ovary, cervix, skin, liver, pancreas, as well as glioma, primary myelofibrosis and acute myelocytic leukemia). In this review, we cover the latest knowledge on NFATc4 expression pattern, post-translational modification, epigenetic regulation, transcriptional activity regulation and its downstream targets. Furthermore, we perform database analysis to reveal the prognostic value of NFATc4 in various cancers and discuss the current unexplored areas of NFATc4 research. All in all, the result from these studies strongly suggest that NFATc4 has the potential as a molecular therapeutic target in multiple human cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Hua Zhong
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515041 People’s Republic of China
| | - Si-Wei Zha
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515041 People’s Republic of China
| | - Andy T. Y. Lau
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515041 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan-Ming Xu
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Epigenetics, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515041 People’s Republic of China
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7
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Yao F, Deng Y, Zhao Y, Mei Y, Zhang Y, Liu X, Martinez C, Su X, Rosato RR, Teng H, Hang Q, Yap S, Chen D, Wang Y, Chen MJM, Zhang M, Liang H, Xie D, Chen X, Zhu H, Chang JC, You MJ, Sun Y, Gan B, Ma L. A targetable LIFR-NF-κB-LCN2 axis controls liver tumorigenesis and vulnerability to ferroptosis. Nat Commun 2021; 12:7333. [PMID: 34921145 PMCID: PMC8683481 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27452-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The growing knowledge of ferroptosis has suggested the role and therapeutic potential of ferroptosis in cancer, but has not been translated into effective therapy. Liver cancer, primarily hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is highly lethal with limited treatment options. LIFR is frequently downregulated in HCC. Here, by studying hepatocyte-specific and inducible Lifr-knockout mice, we show that loss of Lifr promotes liver tumorigenesis and confers resistance to drug-induced ferroptosis. Mechanistically, loss of LIFR activates NF-κB signaling through SHP1, leading to upregulation of the iron-sequestering cytokine LCN2, which depletes iron and renders insensitivity to ferroptosis inducers. Notably, an LCN2-neutralizing antibody enhances the ferroptosis-inducing and anticancer effects of sorafenib on HCC patient-derived xenograft tumors with low LIFR expression and high LCN2 expression. Thus, anti-LCN2 therapy is a promising way to improve liver cancer treatment by targeting ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yao
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Life Science and Technology, College of Biomedicine and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China.
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Yalan Deng
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Ying Mei
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yilei Zhang
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Xiaoguang Liu
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Consuelo Martinez
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Xiaohua Su
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Roberto R Rosato
- Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Hongqi Teng
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Qinglei Hang
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Shannon Yap
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Dahu Chen
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yumeng Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Mei-Ju May Chen
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Mutian Zhang
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Han Liang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Dong Xie
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Hao Zhu
- Children's Research Institute, Departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Jenny C Chang
- Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - M James You
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yutong Sun
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Boyi Gan
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- The University of Texas MD Anderson UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Li Ma
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
- The University of Texas MD Anderson UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Shen T, Yue C, Wang X, Wang Z, Wu Y, Zhao C, Chang P, Sun X, Wang W. NFATc1 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition and facilitates colorectal cancer metastasis by targeting SNAI1. Exp Cell Res 2021; 408:112854. [PMID: 34597678 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Metastatic recurrence remains a major cause of colorectal cancer (CRC) mortality. In this study, we investigated the mechanistic role of nuclear factor of activated T cells 1 (NFATc1) in CRC metastasis. First, we explored the potential role of NFATc1 in CRC using bioinformatics and hypothesized that NFATc1 might play different roles at different stages of CRC development. Then, we examined the relative expression of NFATc1 in 25 CRC tissues and adjacent normal tissues, and further analyzed the correlation between NFATc1 expression levels and clinical stages in 120 CRC patients. The role of NFATc1 in CRC metastasis and the molecular mechanisms were investigated in both in vitro and in vivo models. Our results showed that the expression of NFATc1 was increased in metastatic CRC tissues and positively associated with clinical stages (stage I vs. stage II, III or IV) of CRC. Overexpression of NFATc1 promoted CRC cell migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Moreover, SNAI1 was verified as the direct transcriptional target of NFATc1 and interacted with SLUG to promote EMT. Remarkably, our lung and liver metastasis mouse model demonstrated that NFATc1 overexpression accelerated CRC metastasis, and treatment with FK506, a calcineurin-NFAT pathway inhibitor, could suppress CRC metastasis in vivo. Taken together, our findings suggest that NFATc1 could transcriptionally activate SNAI1, which in turn interacts with SLUG to mediate EMT to promote CRC metastasis. Thus, making NFATc1 a promising therapeutic target in the treatment of metastatic CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianli Shen
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Chenyang Yue
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xingjie Wang
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zijun Wang
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yunhua Wu
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Chenye Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Pengkang Chang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xuejun Sun
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China.
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Kitamura N, Kaminuma O. Isoform-Selective NFAT Inhibitor: Potential Usefulness and Development. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052725. [PMID: 33800389 PMCID: PMC7962815 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT), which is the pharmacological target of immunosuppressants cyclosporine and tacrolimus, has been shown to play an important role not only in T cells (immune system), from which their name is derived, but also in many biological events. Therefore, functional and/or structural abnormalities of NFAT are linked to the pathogenesis of diseases in various organs. The NFAT protein family consists of five isoforms, and each isoform performs diverse functions and has unique expression patterns in the target tissues. This diversity has made it difficult to obtain ideal pharmacological output for immunosuppressants that inhibit the activity of almost all NFAT family members, causing serious and wide-ranging side effects. Moreover, it remains unclear whether isoform-selective NFAT regulation can be achieved by targeting the structural differences among NFAT isoforms and whether this strategy can lead to the development of better drugs than the existing ones. This review summarizes the role of the NFAT family members in biological events, including the development of various diseases, as well as the usefulness of and problems associated with NFAT-targeting therapies, including those dependent on current immunosuppressants. Finally, we propose a novel therapeutic strategy based on the molecular mechanisms that enable selective regulation of specific NFAT isoforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriko Kitamura
- Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan;
| | - Osamu Kaminuma
- Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan;
- Department of Disease Model, Research Institute of Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-82-257-5819
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de Camargo LCB, Guaddachi F, Bergerat D, Ourari N, Coillard L, Parietti V, Le Bras M, Lehmann-Che J, Jauliac S. Extracellular vesicles produced by NFAT3-expressing cells hinder tumor growth and metastatic dissemination. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8964. [PMID: 32488182 PMCID: PMC7265394 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65844-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastases are the main cause of cancer-induced deaths worldwide. To block tissue invasion, development of extracellular vesicles (EVs) as therapeutic carriers, appears as an exciting challenge. To this aim, we took advantage of the anti-invasive function of NFAT3 transcription factor we identified previously in breast cancer and addressed the opportunity to transfer this inhibitory function by EVs. We show here that EVs produced by poorly invasive NFAT3-expressing breast cancer cell lines are competent to block in vitro invasion of aggressive cancer cells from different origins and, in cooperation with macrophages, inhibit cell proliferation and induce apoptosis. Moreover, this inhibitory effect can be improved by overexpression of NFAT3 in the EVs-producing cells. These results were extended in a mouse breast cancer model, with clear impact of inhibitory EVs on tumor growth and metastases spreading. This work identifies EVs produced by NFAT3-expressing breast cancer cells as an anti-tumoral tool to tackle cancer development and metastases dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Frédéric Guaddachi
- Université de Paris, Research Saint Louis Institute (IRSL), INSERM HIPI U976, F-75010, Paris, France
| | - David Bergerat
- Inovarion SAS, (Paris, ile de France, France), Paris, F-75013, France
| | - Nadia Ourari
- Université de Paris, Research Saint Louis Institute (IRSL), INSERM HIPI U976, F-75010, Paris, France
| | - Lucie Coillard
- Université de Paris, Research Saint Louis Institute (IRSL), INSERM HIPI U976, F-75010, Paris, France
| | - Veronique Parietti
- Université de Paris, Saint-Louis Hospital, Research Saint Louis Institute (IRSL), Département d'Expérimentation Animale (Paris, ile de France, France), Paris, F-75010, France
| | - Morgane Le Bras
- Université de Paris, Research Saint Louis Institute (IRSL), INSERM HIPI U976, F-75010, Paris, France
| | - Jacqueline Lehmann-Che
- Université de Paris, Research Saint Louis Institute (IRSL), INSERM HIPI U976, F-75010, Paris, France.,Molecular Oncology Unit, AP-HP, Hôpital Saint Louis, F-75010, Paris, France
| | - Sébastien Jauliac
- Université de Paris, Research Saint Louis Institute (IRSL), INSERM HIPI U976, F-75010, Paris, France.
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11
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Wang W, Zafar A, Rajaei M, Zhang R. Two Birds with One Stone: NFAT1-MDM2 Dual Inhibitors for Cancer Therapy. Cells 2020; 9:E1176. [PMID: 32397368 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor suppressor p53 is believed to be the mostly studied molecule in modern biomedical research. Although p53 interacts with hundreds of molecules to exert its biological functions, there are only a few modulators regulating its expression and function, with murine double minute 2 (MDM2) playing a key role in this regard. MDM2 also contributes to malignant transformation and cancer development through p53-dependent and -independent mechanisms. There is an increasing interest in developing MDM2 inhibitors for cancer prevention and therapy. We recently demonstrated that the nuclear factor of activated T cells 1 (NFAT1) activates MDM2 expression. NFAT1 regulates several cellular functions in cancer cells, such as cell proliferation, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, and drug resistance. Both NFAT isoforms and MDM2 are activated and overexpressed in several cancer subtypes. In addition, a positive correlation exists between NFAT1 and MDM2 in tumor tissues. Our recent clinical study has demonstrated that high expression levels of NFAT1 and MDM2 are independent predictors of a poor prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Thus, inhibition of the NFAT1-MDM2 pathway appears to be a novel potential therapeutic strategy for cancer. In this review, we summarize the potential oncogenic roles of MDM2 and NFAT1 in cancer cells and discuss the efforts of discovery and the development of several newly identified MDM2 and NFAT1 inhibitors, focusing on their potent in vitro and in vivo anticancer activities. This review also highlights strategies and future directions, including the need to focus on the development of more specific and effective NFAT1-MDM2 dual inhibitors for cancer therapy.
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12
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Liu ZH, Chen ML, Zhang Q, Zhang Y, An X, Luo YL, Liu XM, Liu SX, Liu Q, Yang T, Liu YM, Liu BL, Zhou AJ, Li MZ, Liu YJ, Liu ZX, Zhong Q. ZIC2 is downregulated and represses tumor growth via the regulation of STAT3 in breast cancer. Int J Cancer 2020; 147:505-518. [PMID: 32064600 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Although early detection and systemic therapies have improved the diagnosis and clinical cure rate of breast cancer, breast cancer remains the most frequently occurring malignant cancer in women due to a lack of sufficiently effective treatments. Thus, to develop potential targeted therapies and thus benefit more patients, it is helpful to understand how cancer cells work. ZIC family members have been shown to play important roles in neural development and carcinogenesis. In our study, we found that ZIC2 is downregulated in breast cancer tissues at both the mRNA and protein levels. Low expression of ZIC2 was correlated with poor outcome in breast cancer patients and serves as an independent prognostic marker. Furthermore, overexpression of ZIC2 repressed, whereas knockdown of ZIC2 promoted, cell proliferation and colony formation ability in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. Using ChIP-seq and RNA-seq analysis, we screened and identified STAT3 as a potential target for ZIC2. ZIC2 bound to the STAT3 promoter and repressed the promoter activities of STAT3. ZIC2 knockdown induced the expression of STAT3, increasing the level of phosphorylated STAT3. These results suggest that ZIC2 regulates the transcription of STAT3 by directly binding to the STAT3 promoter. Additionally, interfering STAT3 with siRNAs or inhibitors abrogated the oncogenic effects induced by decreased ZIC2. Taken together, our results indicate that ZIC2 serves as a useful prognostic marker in breast cancer and acts as a tumor suppressor by regulating STAT3, implying that STAT3 inhibitors might provide an alternative treatment option for breast cancer patients with ZIC2 downregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (SYSUCC), Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mei-Ling Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (SYSUCC), Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (SYSUCC), Guangzhou, China.,Department of Ultrasound, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Pathology, SYSUCC, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin An
- Department of Medical Oncology, SYSUCC, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Ling Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (SYSUCC), Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue-Min Liu
- Section 3 of Internal Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shang-Xin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (SYSUCC), Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (SYSUCC), Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (SYSUCC), Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Min Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (SYSUCC), Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin-Liu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (SYSUCC), Guangzhou, China
| | - Ai-Jun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (SYSUCC), Guangzhou, China
| | - Man-Zhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (SYSUCC), Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Jie Liu
- Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ze-Xian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (SYSUCC), Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (SYSUCC), Guangzhou, China
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13
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Rahimi S, Roushandeh AM, Ahmadzadeh E, Jahanian-Najafabadi A, Roudkenar MH. Implication and role of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in cancer: lipocalin-2 as a potential novel emerging comprehensive therapeutic target for a variety of cancer types. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:2327-46. [PMID: 31970626 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05261-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of mortalities worldwide. Over the past few decades, exploration of molecular mechanisms behind cancer initiation and progression has been of great interest in the viewpoint of both basic and clinical scientists. It is generally believed that identification of key molecules implicated in cancer pathology not only improves our understanding of the disease, but also could result in introduction of novel therapeutic strategies. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL)/lipocalin-2 (LCN2) is a member of lipocalin superfamily with a variety of functions. Although the main function of LCN2 is still unknown, many studies confirmed its significant role in the initiation, progression, and metastasis of various types of cancer. Furthermore, aberrant expression of LCN2 is also concerned with the chemo- and radio-resistant phenotypes of tumors. Here, we will review the contribution of known functions of LCN2 to the pathophysiology of cancer. We also highlight how the deregulated expression of LCN2 is associated with a variety of fatal types of cancer for which there are no effective therapeutic modalities. The unique and multiple functions of LCN2 and its widespread expression in different types of cancer prompted us to suggest LCN2 could be considered either as a valuable diagnostic and prognostic biomarker or as a potential novel therapeutic target.
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14
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Kitamura N, Shindo M, Ohtsuka J, Nakamura A, Tanokura M, Hiroi T, Kaminuma O. Identification of novel interacting regions involving calcineurin and nuclear factor of activated T cells. FASEB J 2020; 34:3197-3208. [PMID: 31909857 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) leads to the transcription of diverse inducible genes involved in many biological processes; therefore, aberrant NFAT expression is responsible for the development and exacerbation of various disorders. Since five isoforms of NFAT (NFATc1-c4, NFAT5) exhibit distinct and overlapping functions, selective control of a part, but not all, of NFAT family members is desirable. By comparing the binding activity of each NFATc1-c4 with its regulatory enzyme, calcineurin (CN), using a quantitative immunoprecipitation assay, we found a new CN-binding region (CNBR) selectively functioning in NFATc1 and NFATc4. This region, termed CNBR3, is located between two preexisting CNBR1 and CNBR2, within the Ca2+ regulatory domain. The nuclear translocation of NFATc1 but not NFATc2 in T cells was suppressed by ectopic expression of CNBR3 and, accordingly, NFATc1-dependent cytokine expression was downregulated. Through competition assays using NFATc1-derived partial peptides and mass spectrometry with photoaffinity technology, we identified 18 amino acids in NFATc1 (Arg258 to Pro275 ) and 13 amino acids in CN catalytic subunit (CNA) (Asn77 to Gly89 ) responsible for CNA/CNBR3 binding in which Cys263 and Asp82 , respectively, played crucial roles. The possible selective regulation of NFAT-mediated biological processes by targeting this new CN/NFAT-binding region is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriko Kitamura
- Allergy and Immunology Project, The Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mayumi Shindo
- Center for Basic Technology Research, The Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Ohtsuka
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Nakamura
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Life Science, Faculty of Science, Gakushuin University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaru Tanokura
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takachika Hiroi
- Allergy and Immunology Project, The Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Osamu Kaminuma
- Allergy and Immunology Project, The Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Disease Model, Research Institute of Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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15
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Bowlt Blacklock KL, Birand Z, Selmic LE, Nelissen P, Murphy S, Blackwood L, Bass J, McKay J, Fox R, Beaver S, Starkey M. Genome-wide analysis of canine oral malignant melanoma metastasis-associated gene expression. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6511. [PMID: 31019223 PMCID: PMC6482147 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42839-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral malignant melanoma (OMM) is the most common canine melanocytic neoplasm. Overlap between the somatic mutation profiles of canine OMM and human mucosal melanomas suggest a shared UV-independent molecular aetiology. In common with human mucosal melanomas, most canine OMM metastasise. There is no reliable means of predicting canine OMM metastasis, and systemic therapies for metastatic disease are largely palliative. Herein, we employed exon microarrays for comparative expression profiling of FFPE biopsies of 18 primary canine OMM that metastasised and 10 primary OMM that did not metastasise. Genes displaying metastasis-associated expression may be targets for anti-metastasis treatments, and biomarkers of OMM metastasis. Reduced expression of CXCL12 in the metastasising OMMs implies that the CXCR4/CXCL12 axis may be involved in OMM metastasis. Increased expression of APOBEC3A in the metastasising OMMs may indicate APOBEC3A-induced double-strand DNA breaks and pro-metastatic hypermutation. DNA double strand breakage triggers the DNA damage response network and two Fanconi anaemia DNA repair pathway members showed elevated expression in the metastasising OMMs. Cross-validation was employed to test a Linear Discriminant Analysis classifier based upon the RT-qPCR-measured expression levels of CXCL12, APOBEC3A and RPL29. Classification accuracies of 94% (metastasising OMMs) and 86% (non-metastasising OMMs) were estimated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Z Birand
- Animal Health Trust, Newmarket, Suffolk, UK
| | - L E Selmic
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - P Nelissen
- Dick White Referrals, Newmarket, Suffolk, UK
| | - S Murphy
- Animal Health Trust, Newmarket, Suffolk, UK
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - L Blackwood
- Institute of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - J Bass
- Animal Health Trust, Newmarket, Suffolk, UK
- Finn Pathologists, Harleston, UK
| | - J McKay
- IDEXX Laboratories, Ltd, Wetherby, UK
| | - R Fox
- Finn Pathologists, Harleston, UK
| | - S Beaver
- Nationwide Laboratory Services, Poulton-le-Fylde, UK
| | - M Starkey
- Animal Health Trust, Newmarket, Suffolk, UK.
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16
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Abstract
Although systematic therapeutic approaches have reduced cancer-associated mortality, metastatic breast cancer can still evade therapy, particularly triple-negative breast cancer, which remains associated with high rates of cancer metastasis and has the worst clinical prognosis. Lipocalin 2 (LCN2) is a secreted glycoprotein that transports small lipophilic ligands. Its abnormal expression serves critical roles in the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition process, angiogenesis, and cell migration and invasion in breast cancer. Notably, LCN2 functions as an initiator of carcinogenesis and metastasis by involving multiple signaling pathways. The present review aims to summarize research findings on the abnormal expression of LCN2 in breast cancer progression. Furthermore, the review highlights the latest developments of potential LCN2-targeting agents and proposed LCN2-associated molecular mechanisms with regard to breast cancer invasion and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxia Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ke Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mengjie Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Weiping Huang
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China,
| | - Fengxue Zhang
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China,
| | - Hongqi Wang
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China,
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17
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Zierau O, Helle J, Schadyew S, Morgenroth Y, Bentler M, Hennig A, Chittur S, Tenniswood M, Kretzschmar G. Role of miR-203 in estrogen receptor-mediated signaling in the rat uterus and endometrial carcinoma. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:5359-5372. [PMID: 29331043 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The role of microRNAs (miRNA) in estrogen receptor (ER) signaling in the uterus and in endometrial cancer is not well understood. We therefore analyzed miRNA expression in uterine samples from a standard 3-day uterotrophic assay using young female adult rats to identify E2-regulated miRNAs. Microarray analysis identified 47 E2 down-regulated miRNAs including miR-30a, and 25 E2up-regulated miRNAs including miR-672, miR-203, and miR-146b. The strongly E2-upregulated miR-203 was selected for further analysis. miR-203 was deleted in the rat endometrial adenocarcinoma cell line, RUCA-I, using CRISPR/CAS9. Five clones devoid of miR-203 expression were generated. Proliferation was reduced and G2-arrest was observed in all miR-203 deficient RUCA-I clones. Transfection with a miR-203-3p mimic partially rescues this effect. Comparison of mRNA expression in three miR-203 knockout clones to wild type RUCA-I cells reveals 566 miR-203-upregulated and 592 miR-203-downregulated genes. 43 of the genes that are upregulated by miR-203 knockout in vitro are downregulated in the uterus by E2. Of these Acer2, Zbtb20, Ptn, Rcbtb2, Mum1l1, Hmgn3, and Nfat5 possess one or more seed sequence matches in their 3'-UTR that are predicted to be targets of miR-203. These data demonstrate the importance of E2 regulated miRNAs in general, and miR-203 in particular, for E2 regulated gene expression and physiological processes including proliferation and cell migration, in the uterus as well as in the etiology of endometrial carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Zierau
- Institute of Zoology, Molecular Cell Physiology and Endocrinology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Janina Helle
- Institute of Zoology, Molecular Cell Physiology and Endocrinology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sabina Schadyew
- Institute of Zoology, Molecular Cell Physiology and Endocrinology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Yanni Morgenroth
- Institute of Zoology, Molecular Cell Physiology and Endocrinology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Martin Bentler
- Institute of Zoology, Molecular Cell Physiology and Endocrinology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexander Hennig
- Institute for Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sridar Chittur
- Cancer Research Center and Department of Biomedical Sciences, University at Albany, Rensselae, New York
| | - Martin Tenniswood
- Cancer Research Center and Department of Biomedical Sciences, University at Albany, Rensselae, New York
| | - Georg Kretzschmar
- Institute of Zoology, Molecular Cell Physiology and Endocrinology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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18
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Abstract
Advanced breast cancer, especially advanced triple-negative breast cancer, is typically more aggressive and more difficult to treat than other breast cancer phenotypes. There is currently no curable option for breast cancer patients with advanced diseases, highlighting the urgent need for novel treatment strategies. We have recently discovered that the nuclear factor of activated T cells 1 (NFAT1) activates the murine double minute 2 (MDM2) oncogene. Both MDM2 and NFAT1 are overexpressed and constitutively activated in breast cancer, particularly in advanced breast cancer, and contribute to its initiation, progression, and metastasis. MDM2 regulates cancer cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, apoptosis, migration, and invasion through both p53-dependent and -independent mechanisms. We have proposed to target the NFAT1-MDM2-p53 pathway for the treatment of human cancers, especially breast cancer. We have recently identified NFAT1 and MDM2 dual inhibitors that have shown excellent in vitro and in vivo activities against breast cancer, including triple-negative breast cancer. Herein, we summarize recent advances made in the understanding of the oncogenic functions of MDM2 and NFAT1 in breast cancer, as well as current targeting strategies and representative inhibitors. We also propose several strategies for inhibiting the NFAT1-MDM2-p53 pathway, which could be useful for developing more specific and effective inhibitors for breast cancer therapy.
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19
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Xiao T, Zhu JJ, Huang S, Peng C, He S, Du J, Hong R, Chen X, Bode AM, Jiang W, Dong Z, Zheng D. Phosphorylation of NFAT3 by CDK3 induces cell transformation and promotes tumor growth in skin cancer. Oncogene 2016; 36:2835-2845. [PMID: 27893713 PMCID: PMC5442426 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) family proteins are transcription factors that regulate the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and other genes during the immune response. Although the NFAT proteins have been extensively investigated in the immune system, their role in cancer progression remains controversial. Here, we report that NFAT3 is highly expressed in various skin cancer cell lines and tumor tissues. Knockdown of endogenous NFAT3 expression by short hairpin RNA (shRNA) significantly inhibited tumor cell proliferation, colony formation and anchorage-independent cell growth. Furthermore, results of the mammalian two-hybrid assay showed that cyclin-dependent kinase 3 (CDK3) directly interacted with NFAT3 and phosphorylated NFAT3 at serine 259 (Ser259), which enhanced the transactivation and transcriptional activity of NFAT3. The phosphorylation site of NFAT3 was critical for epidermal growth factor (EGF)-stimulated cell transformation of the HaCaT immortalized skin cell line and mutation of NFAT3 at Ser259 led to a reduction of colony formation in soft agar. We also found that overexpressing wildtype NFAT3, but not mutant NFAT3-S259A, promoted A431 xenograft tumor growth. Importantly, we showed that CDK3, NFAT3 and phosphorylated NFAT3-Ser259 were highly expressed in skin cancer compared with normal skin tissues. These results provided evidence supporting the oncogenic potential of NFAT3 and suggested that CDK3-mediated phosphorylation of NFAT3 has an important role in skin tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Xiao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine of Tumor, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - J J Zhu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine of Tumor, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - S Huang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine of Tumor, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - C Peng
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - S He
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine of Tumor, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - J Du
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine of Tumor, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - R Hong
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine of Tumor, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - X Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine of Tumor, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - A M Bode
- Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, USA
| | - W Jiang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine of Tumor, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Z Dong
- Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, USA
| | - D Zheng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine of Tumor, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shenzhen University Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
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20
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Qin JJ, Wang W, Voruganti S, Wang H, Zhang WD, Zhang R. Inhibiting NFAT1 for breast cancer therapy: New insights into the mechanism of action of MDM2 inhibitor JapA. Oncotarget 2016; 6:33106-19. [PMID: 26461225 PMCID: PMC4741752 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcription factor NFAT1 has been recently identified as a new regulator of the MDM2 oncogene. Targeting the NFAT1-MDM2 pathway represents a novel approach to cancer therapy. We have recently identified a natural product MDM2 inhibitor, termed JapA. As a specific and potent MDM2 inhibitor, JapA inhibits MDM2 at transcriptional and post-translational levels. However, the molecular mechanism remains to be fully elucidated for its inhibitory effects on MDM2 transcription. Herein, we reported that JapA inhibited NFAT1 and NFAT1-mediated MDM2 transcription, which contributed to the anticancer activity of JapA. Its effects on the expression and activity of NFAT1 were examined in various breast cancer cell lines in vitro and in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 xenograft tumors in vivo. The specificity of JapA in targeting NFAT1 and NFAT1-MDM2 pathway and the importance of NFAT1 inhibition in JapA's anticancer activity were demonstrated using NFAT1 overexpression and knockdown cell lines and the pharmacological activators and inhibitors of NFAT1 signaling. Our results indicated that JapA inhibited NFAT1 signaling in breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo, which plays a pivotal role in its anticancer activity. JapA inhibited the nuclear localization of NFAT1, disrupted the NFAT1-MDM2 P2 promoter complex, and induced NFAT1 proteasomal degradation, resulting in the repression of MDM2 transcription. In conclusion, JapA is a novel NFAT1 inhibitor and the NFAT1 inhibition is responsible for the JapA-induced repression of MDM2 transcription, contributing to its anticancer activity. The results may pave an avenue for validating the NFAT1-MDM2 pathway as a novel molecular target for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Jiang Qin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA.,Cancer Biology Center, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA.,Cancer Biology Center, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA
| | - Sukesh Voruganti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA
| | - Hui Wang
- Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Wei-Dong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Ruiwen Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA.,Cancer Biology Center, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX, USA
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21
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Grudzien-Nogalska E, Jiao X, Song MG, Hart RP, Kiledjian M. Nudt3 is an mRNA decapping enzyme that modulates cell migration. RNA 2016; 22:773-781. [PMID: 26932476 PMCID: PMC4836651 DOI: 10.1261/rna.055699.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Removal of the 5'-end 7-methylguanosine cap structure is a critical step in the highly regulated process of mRNA decay. The Nudix hydrolase, Dcp2, was identified as a first decapping enzyme and subsequently shown to preferentially modulate stability of only a subset of mRNAs. This observation led to the hypothesis that mammalian cells possess multiple decapping enzymes that may function in distinct pathways. Here we report Nudt3 is a Nudix protein that possesses mRNA decapping activity in cells and is a modulator of MCF-7 breast cancer cell migration. Reduction of Nudt3 protein levels in MCF-7 cells promotes increased cell migration and corresponding enhanced filopodia extensions. Importantly, this phenotype was reversed by complementation with wild type, but not catalytically inactive Nudt3 protein indicating Nudt3 decapping activity normally functions to control cell migration. Genome-wide analysis of Nudt3 compromised cells identified elevated levels of transcripts involved in cell motility including integrin β6, lipocalin-2, and fibronectin. The observed increase in mRNA abundance was dependent on Nudt3 decapping activity where integrin β6 and lipocalin-2 were modulated directly through mRNA stability, while fibronectin was indirectly controlled. Moreover, increased cell migration observed in Nudt3 knockdown cells was mediated through the extracellular integrin β6 and fibronectin protein nexus. We conclude that Nudt3 is an mRNA decapping enzyme that orchestrates expression of a subset of mRNAs to modulate cell migration and further substantiates the existence of multiple decapping enzymes functioning in distinct cellular pathways in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Grudzien-Nogalska
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - Xinfu Jiao
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - Man-Gen Song
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - Ronald P Hart
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - Megerditch Kiledjian
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
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22
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Signaroldi E, Laise P, Cristofanon S, Brancaccio A, Reisoli E, Atashpaz S, Terreni MR, Doglioni C, Pruneri G, Malatesta P, Testa G. Polycomb dysregulation in gliomagenesis targets a Zfp423-dependent differentiation network. Nat Commun 2016; 7:10753. [PMID: 26923714 PMCID: PMC4773478 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant gliomas constitute one of the most significant areas of unmet medical need, owing to the invariable failure of surgical eradication and their marked molecular heterogeneity. Accumulating evidence has revealed a critical contribution by the Polycomb axis of epigenetic repression. However, a coherent understanding of the regulatory networks affected by Polycomb during gliomagenesis is still lacking. Here we integrate transcriptomic and epigenomic analyses to define Polycomb-dependent networks that promote gliomagenesis, validating them both in two independent mouse models and in a large cohort of human samples. We find that Polycomb dysregulation in gliomagenesis affects transcriptional networks associated with invasiveness and de-differentiation. The dissection of these networks uncovers Zfp423 as a critical Polycomb-dependent transcription factor whose silencing negatively impacts survival. The anti-gliomagenic activity of Zfp423 requires interaction with the SMAD proteins within the BMP signalling pathway, pointing to a novel synergic circuit through which Polycomb inhibits BMP signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Signaroldi
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, via Adamello 16, Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Pasquale Laise
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, via Adamello 16, Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Silvia Cristofanon
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, via Adamello 16, Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Arianna Brancaccio
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, via Adamello 16, Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Elisa Reisoli
- Trasferimento Genico, IRCCS-AOU San Martino-IST, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, Genoa 16132, Italy
| | - Sina Atashpaz
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, via Adamello 16, Milan 20139, Italy
| | - Maria Rosa Terreni
- Pathology Department, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, via Olgettina 60, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Claudio Doglioni
- Pathology Department, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, via Olgettina 60, Milan 20132, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Pruneri
- Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, European Institute of Oncology, via Ripamonti 435, Milan 20141, Italy
| | - Paolo Malatesta
- Trasferimento Genico, IRCCS-AOU San Martino-IST, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, Genoa 16132, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DiMES), University of Genoa, Via Leon Battista Alberti 2, Genoa 16132, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Testa
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, via Adamello 16, Milan 20139, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, Via Festa del Perdono 7, Milan 20122, Italy
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23
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Kawahara T, Kashiwagi E, Ide H, Li Y, Zheng Y, Miyamoto Y, Netto GJ, Ishiguro H, Miyamoto H. Cyclosporine A and tacrolimus inhibit bladder cancer growth through down-regulation of NFATc1. Oncotarget 2015; 6:1582-93. [PMID: 25638160 PMCID: PMC4359316 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 11/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The functional role of nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT), a key regulator of the immune response, in bladder cancer progression remains uncertain. In this study, we assessed biological significance of NFAT in human bladder cancer. Immunohistochemistry detected nuclear/cytoplasmic NFATc1 signals in 14 (21.5%)/34 (52.3%), respectively, of 65 muscle-invasive bladder carcinomas and showed that patients with nuclear NFATc1-positive tumor had a significantly higher risk of disease progression (P = 0.006). In bladder cancer cell lines, cyclosporine A (CsA) and tacrolimus (FK506), immunosuppressant drugs/non-selective NFAT inhibitors, attenuated NFATc1 expression and its nuclear translocation, NFAT transcriptional activity, and the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and c-myc, downstream targets of NFATc1. NFAT inhibition via NFATc1-small interfering RNA (siRNA) or treatment with these NFAT inhibitors resulted in decreases in cell viability/colony formation, cell migration/invasion, and the expression/activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9, as well as an increase in apoptosis, in the parental/control lines. No significant additional inhibition in the viability and invasion of NFATc1-siRNA cells was seen. In xenograft-bearing mice, CsA and FK506 significantly retarded tumor growth. These results suggest that NFATc1 plays an important role in bladder cancer outgrowth. Thus, NFATc1 inactivation, especially using CsA and FK506, has the potential of being a therapeutic approach for bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Kawahara
- Departments of Pathology and Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Eiji Kashiwagi
- Departments of Pathology and Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hiroki Ide
- Departments of Pathology and Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Yichun Zheng
- Departments of Pathology and Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Yurina Miyamoto
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - George J Netto
- Departments of Pathology and Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hitoshi Ishiguro
- Departments of Pathology and Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Hiroshi Miyamoto
- Departments of Pathology and Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
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24
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Shou J, Jing J, Xie J, You L, Jing Z, Yao J, Han W, Pan H. Nuclear factor of activated T cells in cancer development and treatment. Cancer Lett 2015; 361:174-84. [PMID: 25766658 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Revised: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Since nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) was first identified as a transcription factor in T cells, various NFAT isoforms have been discovered and investigated. Accumulating studies have suggested that NFATs are involved in many aspects of cancer, including carcinogenesis, cancer cell proliferation, metastasis, drug resistance and tumor microenvironment. Different NFAT isoforms have distinct functions in different cancers. The exact function of NFAT in cancer or the tumor microenvironment is context dependent. In this review, we summarize our current knowledge of NFAT regulation and function in cancer development and treatment. NFATs have emerged as a potential target for cancer prevention and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Shou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institute of Clinical Science, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Jing
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiansheng Xie
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Institute of Clinical Science, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liangkun You
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institute of Clinical Science, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhao Jing
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institute of Clinical Science, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junlin Yao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institute of Clinical Science, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weidong Han
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institute of Clinical Science, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Institute of Clinical Science, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Hongming Pan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institute of Clinical Science, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Institute of Clinical Science, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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25
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Jha MK, Lee S, Park DH, Kook H, Park K, Lee I, Suk K. Diverse functional roles of lipocalin-2 in the central nervous system. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2015; 49:135-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Revised: 11/28/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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26
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Artegiani B, de Jesus Domingues AM, Bragado Alonso S, Brandl E, Massalini S, Dahl A, Calegari F. Tox: a multifunctional transcription factor and novel regulator of mammalian corticogenesis. EMBO J 2014; 34:896-910. [PMID: 25527292 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201490061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Major efforts are invested to characterize the factors controlling the proliferation of neural stem cells. During mammalian corticogenesis, our group has identified a small pool of genes that are transiently downregulated in the switch of neural stem cells to neurogenic division and reinduced in newborn neurons. Among these switch genes, we found Tox, a transcription factor with hitherto uncharacterized roles in the nervous system. Here, we investigated the role of Tox in corticogenesis by characterizing its expression at the tissue, cellular and temporal level. We found that Tox is regulated by calcineurin/Nfat signalling. Moreover, we combined DNA adenine methyltransferase identification (DamID) with deep sequencing to characterize the chromatin binding properties of Tox including its motif and downstream transcriptional targets including Sox2, Tbr2, Prox1 and other key factors. Finally, we manipulated Tox in the developing brain and validated its multiple roles in promoting neural stem cell proliferation and neurite outgrowth of newborn neurons. Our data provide a valuable resource to study the role of Tox in other tissues and highlight a novel key player in brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedetta Artegiani
- DFG-Research Center for Regenerative Therapies, Cluster of Excellence, TU-Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Sara Bragado Alonso
- DFG-Research Center for Regenerative Therapies, Cluster of Excellence, TU-Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Brandl
- DFG-Research Center for Regenerative Therapies, Cluster of Excellence, TU-Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Simone Massalini
- DFG-Research Center for Regenerative Therapies, Cluster of Excellence, TU-Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Andreas Dahl
- Deep Sequencing Group-SFB655, Biotechnology Center, TU-Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Federico Calegari
- DFG-Research Center for Regenerative Therapies, Cluster of Excellence, TU-Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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27
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Tripathi MK, Deane NG, Zhu J, An H, Mima S, Wang X, Padmanabhan S, Shi Z, Prodduturi N, Ciombor KK, Chen X, Washington MK, Zhang B, Beauchamp RD. Nuclear factor of activated T-cell activity is associated with metastatic capacity in colon cancer. Cancer Res 2014; 74:6947-57. [PMID: 25320007 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-14-1592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Metastatic recurrence is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in patients with colorectal carcinoma. To capture the molecular underpinnings for metastasis and tumor progression, we performed integrative network analysis on 11 independent human colorectal cancer gene expression datasets and applied expression data from an immunocompetent mouse model of metastasis as an additional filter for this biologic process. In silico analysis of one metastasis-related coexpression module predicted nuclear factor of activated T-cell (NFAT) transcription factors as potential regulators for the module. Cells selected for invasiveness and metastatic capability expressed higher levels of NFATc1 as compared with poorly metastatic and less invasive parental cells. We found that inhibition of NFATc1 in human and mouse colon cancer cells resulted in decreased invasiveness in culture and downregulation of metastasis-related network genes. Overexpression of NFATc1 significantly increased the metastatic potential of colon cancer cells, whereas inhibition of NFATc1 reduced metastasis growth in an immunocompetent mouse model. Finally, we found that an 8-gene signature comprising genes upregulated by NFATc1 significantly correlated with worse clinical outcomes in stage II and III colorectal cancer patients. Thus, NFATc1 regulates colon cancer cell behavior and its transcriptional targets constitute a novel, biologically anchored gene expression signature for the identification of colon cancers with high risk of metastatic recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish K Tripathi
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Natasha G Deane
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee. Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Jing Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Hanbing An
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Shinji Mima
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Sekhar Padmanabhan
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Zhiao Shi
- Advanced Computing Center for Research & Education, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Naresh Prodduturi
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Kristen K Ciombor
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - M Kay Washington
- Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Bing Zhang
- Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee. Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee. Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.
| | - R Daniel Beauchamp
- Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee. Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee. Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee. Department of Cell and Development Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.
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28
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Abstract
Although immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs), such as thalidomide, lenalidomide, and pomalidomide, are widely used in the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM), the molecular mechanism of IMiDs' action is largely unknown. In this review, we will summarize recent advances in the application of IMiDs in MM cancer treatment as well as their effects on immunomodulatory activities, anti-angiogenic activities, intervention of cell surface adhesion molecules between myeloma cells and bone marrow stromal cells, anti-inflammatory activities, anti-proliferation, pro-apoptotic effects, cell cycle arrest, and inhibition of cell migration and metastasis. In addition, the potential IMiDs' target protein, IMiDs' target protein's functional role, and the potential molecular mechanisms of IMiDs resistance will be discussed. We wish, by presentation of our naive discussion, that this review article will facilitate further investigation in these fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiubao Chang
- Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA
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29
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Wang S, Hu J, Yao Y, Shi M, Yue L, Han F, Zhang H, He J, Liu S, Li Y. MARVELD1 regulates integrin β1-mediated cell adhesion and actin organization via inhibiting its pre-mRNA processing. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2013; 45:2679-87. [PMID: 24055813 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2013.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Revised: 08/24/2013] [Accepted: 09/10/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Cell adhesion on an extracellular matrix (ECM) participates in cell motility, invasion, cell signal transduction and gene expression. Many nuclear proteins regulate cell-ECM adhesion through managing the transcription of cell adhesion-related genes. Here, we identified MARVEL [MAL (The myelin and lymphocyte protein) and related proteins for vesicle trafficking and membrane link] domain containing 1 (MARVELD1) that could suppress cell spreading and complicate actin organization. Over-expression of MARVELD1 in NIH3T3 cells decreased the expression level of integrin β1 and vinculin, and further led to dephosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) at Tyr 397. We also found that MARVELD1 partially colocalized with serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 2 (SC35) and interacted with nuclear cap binding protein subunit 2 (CBP20). Finally, we demonstrated that pre-mRNA processing of integrin β1 was affected by MARVELD1. Taken together, our studies demonstrate that MARVELD1 plays a role in pre-mRNA processing of integrin β1, and thereby regulates cell adhesion and cell motility. These studies provide a novel regulatory mechanism of cell-ECM adhesion by nuclear protein in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
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30
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Daniel C, Gerlach K, Väth M, Neurath MF, Weigmann B. Nuclear factor of activated T cells - a transcription factor family as critical regulator in lung and colon cancer. Int J Cancer 2013; 134:1767-75. [PMID: 23775822 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.28329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2013] [Revised: 05/21/2013] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) was first identified as a transcription factor which is activated upon T cell stimulation. Subsequent studies uncovered that a whole family of individual NFAT proteins exists with pleiotropic functions not only in immune but also in nonimmune cells. However, dysregulation of NFAT thereby favors malignant growth and cancer. Summarizing the recent advances in understanding how individual NFAT factors regulate the immune system, this review gives new insights into the critical role of NFAT in cancer development with special focus on inflammation-associated colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Daniel
- Institute of Diabetes Research, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen,German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Munich, Germany
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31
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Bobowski M, Vincent A, Steenackers A, Colomb F, Van Seuningen I, Julien S, Delannoy P. Estradiol represses the G(D3) synthase gene ST8SIA1 expression in human breast cancer cells by preventing NFκB binding to ST8SIA1 promoter. PLoS One 2013; 8:e62559. [PMID: 23626833 PMCID: PMC3633854 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0062559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2012] [Accepted: 03/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent data have underlined a possible role of G(D3) synthase (GD3S) and complex gangliosides in Estrogen Receptor (ER) negative breast cancer progression. Here, we describe the main transcript of the GD3S coding gene ST8SIA1 expressed in breast tumors. We characterized the corresponding core promoter in Hs578T breast cancer cells and showed that estradiol decreases ST8SIA1 mRNA expression in ER-positive MCF-7 cells and ERα-transfected ER-negative Hs578T cells. The activity of the core promoter sequence of ST8SIA1 is also repressed by estradiol. The core promoter of ST8SIA1 contains two putative Estrogen Response Elements (ERE) that were not found to be involved in the promoter activity pathway. However, NFκB was shown to be involved in ST8SIA1 transcriptional activation and we demonstrated that estradiol prevents NFκB to bind to ST8SIA1 core promoter in ERα expressing breast cancer cells by inhibiting p65 and p50 nucleus localization. The activation of NFκB pathway in ER-negative tumors, due to the absence of estradiol signaling, might explain the overexpression of G(D3) synthase in this tumor subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Bobowski
- University Lille Nord de France, Lille, France
- Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille (USTL), Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle (UGSF), Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 8576, Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
| | - Audrey Vincent
- University Lille Nord de France, Lille, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Jean Pierre Aubert Research Center, Lille, France
- Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Agata Steenackers
- University Lille Nord de France, Lille, France
- Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille (USTL), Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle (UGSF), Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 8576, Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
| | - Florent Colomb
- University Lille Nord de France, Lille, France
- Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille (USTL), Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle (UGSF), Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 8576, Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
| | - Isabelle Van Seuningen
- University Lille Nord de France, Lille, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Jean Pierre Aubert Research Center, Lille, France
- Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Sylvain Julien
- University Lille Nord de France, Lille, France
- Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille (USTL), Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle (UGSF), Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 8576, Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
| | - Philippe Delannoy
- University Lille Nord de France, Lille, France
- Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille (USTL), Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle (UGSF), Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 8576, Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
- * E-mail:
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32
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Abstract
Breast cancer metastasis is the most common cause of cancer-related death in women. Thus, seeking targets of breast tumor cells is an attractive goal towards improving clinical treatment. The present study showed that CCL18 from tumor-associated macrophages could promote breast cancer metastasis via PITPNM3. In addition, we found that pachymic acid (PA) could dose-dependently inhibit migration and invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells, with or without rCCL18 stimulation. Furthermore, evidence was obtained that PA could suppress the phosphorylation of PITPNM3 and the combination of CCL18 and PITPNM3. Therefore, we speculate that PA could inhibit breast cancer metastasis via PITPNM3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ri Hong
- Department of Breast, the First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
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33
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Hsin IL, Hsiao YC, Wu MF, Jan MS, Tang SC, Lin YW, Hsu CP, Ko JL. Lipocalin 2, a new GADD153 target gene, as an apoptosis inducer of endoplasmic reticulum stress in lung cancer cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2012; 263:330-7. [PMID: 22800509 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2012.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2012] [Revised: 06/23/2012] [Accepted: 07/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is activated under severe cellular conditions. GADD153, a member of the C/EBP family, is an unfolded protein response (UPR) responsive transcription factor. Increased levels of lipocalin 2, an acute phase protein, have been found in several epithelial cancers. The aim of this study is to investigate the function of lipocalin 2 in lung cancer cells under ER stress. Treatment with thapsigargin, an ER stress activator, led to increases in cytotoxicity, ER stress, apoptosis, and lipocalin 2 expression in A549 cells. GADD153 silencing decreased lipocalin 2 expression in A549 cells. On chromatin immunoprecipitation assay, ER stress increased GADD153 DNA binding to lipocalin 2 promoter. Furthermore, silencing of lipocalin 2 mitigated ER stress-mediated apoptosis in A549 cells. Our findings demonstrated that lipocalin 2 is a new GADD153 target gene that mediates ER stress-induced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Lun Hsin
- Institute of Medical and Molecular Toxicology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
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Gaudineau B, Fougère M, Guaddachi F, Lemoine F, de la Grange P, Jauliac S. Lipocalin 2, the TNF-like receptor TWEAKR and its ligand TWEAK act downstream of NFAT1 to regulate breast cancer cell invasion. J Cell Sci 2012; 125:4475-86. [PMID: 22767506 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.099879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
NFAT1 is a transcription factor that elicits breast carcinoma cells to become invasive, thus contributing to metastasis. The molecular mechanisms by which NFAT1 operates in this respect are still poorly known. Here, we report that NFAT1 increases lipocalin 2 (LCN2) mRNA and protein expression by binding to specific sites in the LCN2 gene promoter region. We show that the LCN2 protein is required downstream of NFAT1 to increase breast cancer cell invasion. We demonstrate that the NFAT1-LCN2 axis is sufficient to regulate expression of the TNF-like receptor TWEAKR at the RNA level and of its ligand, TWEAK, at the protein level. We show, however, that TWEAKR mediates an anti-invasive effect in breast cancer cells whereas, depending on LCN2 expression, TWEAK has either anti- or pro-invasive capacities. Thus, we identify LCN2 and TWEAKR-TWEAK as crucial downstream effectors of NFAT1 that regulate breast cancer cell motility and invasive capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoît Gaudineau
- CNRS UMR7212, INSERM U944, Université Paris Diderot, Institut d'Hématologie, Hôpital Saint-Louis, 1 avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, France
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Bégué E, Jean-Louis F, Bagot M, Jauliac S, Cayuela JM, Laroche L, Parquet N, Bachelez H, Bensussan A, Courtois G, Michel L. Inducible expression and pathophysiologic functions of T-plastin in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Blood 2012; 120:143-54. [PMID: 22627769 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2011-09-379156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A molecular feature of Sézary syndrome (SS) is the abnormal expression of T-plastin by malignant T cells. Herein, we investigated the molecular mechanisms involved in T-plastin synthesis and the functions of this actin-binding protein, with a special interest in chemoresistance and migration. We confirm the specific expression of T-plastin in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) from SS patients and its total absence in PBLs from patients with mycosis fungoides, inflammatory cutaneous or hematologic diseases, and from healthy volunteers. Only 3 of 4 SS patients did constitutively express T-plastin. To assess whether T-plastin expression was inducible, T-plastin-negative PBLs were stimulated by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and ionomycin. Our results demonstrate that T-plastin synthesis was induced in negative PBLs from SS patients, other studied patients, and healthy volunteers. Both constitutive and calcium-induced T-plastin expression was down-regulated by calcineurin inhibitors and involved nuclear factor of activated T cells transcription pathway. Constitutive T-plastin expression in SS was associated with resistance to etoposide-induced apoptosis and cell migration toward chemokines (TARC/CCL17, IP-10). In conclusion, T-plastin is a marker restricted to malignant lymphocytes from SS patients and plays a role for cell survival and migration. This opens new strategies for the treatment of SS advanced stages.
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Germann S, Gratadou L, Zonta E, Dardenne E, Gaudineau B, Fougère M, Samaan S, Dutertre M, Jauliac S, Auboeuf D. Dual role of the ddx5/ddx17 RNA helicases in the control of the pro-migratory NFAT5 transcription factor. Oncogene 2012; 31:4536-49. [PMID: 22266867 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2011.618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ddx5 and ddx17 are two highly related RNA helicases involved in both transcription and splicing. These proteins coactivate transcription factors involved in cancer such as the estrogen receptor alpha, p53 and beta-catenin. Ddx5 and ddx17 are part of the splicing machinery and can modulate alternative splicing, the main mechanism increasing the proteome diversity. Alternative splicing also has a role in gene expression level regulation when it is coupled to the nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) pathway. In this work, we report that ddx5 and ddx17 have a dual role in the control of the pro-migratory NFAT5 transcription factor. First, ddx5 and ddx17 act as transcriptional coactivators of NFAT5 and are required for activating NFAT5 target genes involved in tumor cell migration. Second, at the splicing level, ddx5 and ddx17 increase the inclusion of NFAT5 exon 5. As exon 5 contains a pre-mature translation termination codon, its inclusion leads to the regulation of NFAT5 mRNAs by the NMD pathway and to a decrease in NFAT5 protein level. Therefore, we demonstrated for the first time that a transcriptional coregulator can simultaneously regulate the transcriptional activity and alternative splicing of a transcription factor. This dual regulation, where ddx5 and ddx17 enhance the transcriptional activity of NFAT5 although reducing its protein expression level, suggests a critical role for ddx5 and ddx17 in tumor cell migration through the fine regulation of NFAT5 pathway.
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Bhar A, Haubrock M, Mukhopadhyay A, Maulik U, Bandyopadhyay S, Wingender E. δ-TRIMAX: Extracting Triclusters and Analysing Coregulation in Time Series Gene Expression Data. Lecture Notes in Computer Science 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-33122-0_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
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Rodvold JJ, Mahadevan NR, Zanetti M. Lipocalin 2 in cancer: when good immunity goes bad. Cancer Lett 2011; 316:132-8. [PMID: 22075378 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2011.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2011] [Revised: 10/29/2011] [Accepted: 11/01/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
The innate immune molecule Lipocalin 2 (LCN2) was initially shown to combat bacterial infection by binding bacterial siderophores, hence impairing microbial iron sequestration. In recent years, it has become apparent that LCN2 is over-expressed in cancers of diverse histological origin and that it facilitates tumorigenesis by promoting survival, growth, and metastasis. Herein, we discuss emerging evidence that substantiates two functional roles for LCN2 in cancer: promotion of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) that facilitates an invasive phenotype and metastasis, and sequestration of iron that results in cell survival and tumorigenesis. Further, we present evidence that upregulated LCN2 expression in solid tumors is induced by hypoxia and pro-inflammation, microenvironmental noxae that converge to cause an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response. Taken together, it appears that tumor cells exploit the beneficial innate immune function of LCN2 to support uncontrolled growth. This duplicity in function highlights LCN2 and its upstream driver, the ER stress response, as key targets for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey J Rodvold
- The Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Medicine and Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0815, United States
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Li C, Chan YR. Lipocalin 2 regulation and its complex role in inflammation and cancer. Cytokine 2011; 56:435-41. [PMID: 21855366 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2011.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2011] [Revised: 07/15/2011] [Accepted: 07/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Lipocalin 2 is a protein that has garnered a great deal of interest in multidisciplinary fields over the last two decades since its discovery. However, its exact function in metabolic processes remains to be completely characterized. More recently, it has come to light as a highly upregulated protein in the setting of injury and infection. This review focuses on lipocalin 2 regulation and its relationship to cytokine and endocrine signaling pathways.
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Wang L, Li H, Wang J, Gao W, Lin Y, Jin W, Chang G, Wang R, Li Q, Ma L, Pang T. C/EBP ζ targets to neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) as a repressor for metastasis of MDA-MB-231 cells. Biochim Biophys Acta 2011; 1813:1803-13. [PMID: 21741997 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2011.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2011] [Revised: 06/23/2011] [Accepted: 06/23/2011] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a leading cause of morbidity in women worldwide. neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), a useful biomarker of ER negative (ER(-)) breast cancer, promotes local tumor invasion and lymph node metastasis. We first identified the distinctive expression of NGAL in two breast cancer cell lines MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 cells, and then confirmed NGAL as a critical inducer of metastasis. Finally, the transcriptional factor CCAAT enhancer-binding proteins ζ (C/EBP ζ) was overexpressed in MDA-MB-231 cells. Consistent with the effect of NGAL knockdown, C/EBP ζ overexpression caused the significant changes that could prevent cell metastasis. C/EBP ζ overexpression induced a strong decrease in NGAL and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) expressions as determined by quantitative real time PCR and Western blotting. To identify the potential role of C/EBP ζ on regulating of NGAL in breast cancer, we established the dual-luciferase reporter assay for NGAL in MDA-MB-231 cells cotransfected with C/EBP ζ. Promoter reporter assays determined that C/EBP ζ directly repressed the human NGAL gene promoter activity by inhibiting the NGAL transcription. Taken together, this work identified that the C/EBP ζ overexpression downregulated NGAL to inhibit migration and invasion of breast cancer, which could be used as a novel strategy for breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Wang
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjing, People's Republic of China
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Lin HH, Liao CJ, Lee YC, Hu KH, Meng HW, Chu ST. Lipocalin-2-induced cytokine production enhances endometrial carcinoma cell survival and migration. Int J Biol Sci 2011; 7:74-86. [PMID: 21278918 PMCID: PMC3030144 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.7.74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2010] [Accepted: 01/11/2011] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipocalin-2 (Lcn-2) is an acute-phase protein that has been implicated in diverse physiological processes in mice, including: apoptosis, ion transport, inflammation, cell survival, and tumorigenesis. This study characterized the biological activity of Lcn-2 in human endometrial carcinoma cells (RL95-2). Exposure of RL95-2 cells to Lcn-2 for >24 h reduced Lcn-2-induced cell apoptosis, changed the cell proliferation and up-regulated cytokine secretions, including: interleukin-8 (IL-8), inteleukin-6 (IL-6), monocyte chemotatic protein-1 (MCP-1) and growth-related oncogene (GRO). However, IL-8 mRNA and protein levels were dramatically increased in Lcn-2-treated RL95-2 cells. To determine the IL-8 effect on Lcn-2-treated RL95-2 cells was our major focus. Adding recombinant IL-8 (rIL-8) resulted in decreased caspase-3 activity in Lcn-2-treated cells, whereas the addition of IL-8 antibodies resulted in significantly increased caspase-3 activity and decreased cell migration. Data indicate that IL-8 plays a crucial role in the induction of cell migration. Interestingly, Lcn-2-induced cytokines, secretion from RL95-2 cells, could not show the potent cell migration ability with the exception of IL-8. We conclude that Lcn-2 triggered cytokine secretions to prevent RL95-2 cells from undergoing apoptosis and subsequently increased cell migration. We hypothesize that Lcn-2 increased cytokine secretion by RL95-2 cells, which in turn activated a cellular defense system. This study suggests that Lcn-2 may play a role in the human female reproductive system or in endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiu-Hsia Lin
- Institute of Biochemical Science, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taiwan
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