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Xu Y, Chen Y, Yang Q, Lu Y, Zhou R, Liu H, Tu Y, Shao L. Novel plasma microRNA expression features in diagnostic use for Epstein-Barr virus-associated febrile diseases. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26810. [PMID: 38444478 PMCID: PMC10912469 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is widely infected in humans and causes various diseases. Among them, microRNAs of EBV play a key role in the progression of EBV-associated febrile diseases. There're few specific indicators for rapid differential diagnosis of various febrile diseases associated with EBV, and the lack of more reliable screening methods with high diagnostic utility has led to spaces for improvement in the accurate diagnosis and efficient treatment of relevant patients, making EBV infection a complicated clinical problem. With recent advances in plasma microRNA testing, the apparent presence of EBV microRNAs in plasma can help screen for EBV infection. The gene networks targeted by these microRNAs can also indicate potential biomarkers of EBV-associated febrile diseases. This study aimed to identify some novel miRNAs as potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of respectively EBV-associated febrile diseases. Materials and methods A total of 110 participants were recruited for this task. First, we performed high-throughput sequencing and preliminary PCR validation of differentially expressed miRNAs in 15 participants with EBV-associated fever (divided into common EBV carriers), infectious mononucleosis (IM) and chronic active EBV infection (CAEBV), EBV-associated Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis group (EBV-HLH), and 3 healthy individuals. After a comprehensive analysis, 10 miRNAs with abnormal expression were screened, and then qRT-PCR was performed in the rest of 95 participants to detect the validation of miRNAs expression in plasma samples. Thereafter, we further investigated their potential for clinical application in EBV-related febrile diseases by using a combination of Gene Ontology analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis, and Protein-protein interaction network analysis. Results Through identification and detailed analysis of the obtained data, we found significant differences in the expression of Hsa-miR-320d, EBV-miR-BART22, and EBV-miR-BART2-3p in blood samples from patients with different EBV-related febrile diseases. We found that the expression levels of Hsa-miR-320d, EBV-miR-BART22, and EBV-miR-BART2-3p in plasma are indicative of determining different disease types of EBV-related febrile diseases, while EBV-miR-BART22 and EBV-miR-BART2-3p may be potential therapeutic targets. Conclusion The expression levels of Hsa-miR-320d, EBV-miR-BART22, and EBV-miR-BART2-3p suggest that they may be used as transcriptional features for early differential diagnosis of EBV-related febrile diseases, and EBV-miR-BART22 and EBV-miR-BART2-3p may be potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- YiFei Xu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, People‘s Republic of China
| | - Ying Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, People‘s Republic of China
| | - Qingluan Yang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for InfectiousDiseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety EmergencyResponse, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxiang Lu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, People‘s Republic of China
| | - Rui Zhou
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, People‘s Republic of China
| | - Haohua Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, People‘s Republic of China
| | - Yanjie Tu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, People‘s Republic of China
- Department of Febrile Disease, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, People‘s Republic of China
| | - Lingyun Shao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for InfectiousDiseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety EmergencyResponse, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, People's Republic of China
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Fang S, Peng L, Zhang M, Hou R, Deng X, Li X, Xin J, Peng L, Liu Z, Liu Y, Xie Y, Zhou B, Fang W, Liu Z, Cheng C. MiR-2110 induced by chemically synthesized cinobufagin functions as a tumor-metastatic suppressor via targeting FGFR1 to reduce PTEN ubiquitination degradation in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Environ Toxicol 2024. [PMID: 38477013 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Tumor cell metastasis is the key cause of death in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). MiR-2110 was cloned and identified in Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive NPC, but its role is unclear in NPC. In this study, we investigated the effect of miR-2110 on NPC metastasis and its related molecular basis. In addition, we also explored whether miR-2110 can be regulated by cinobufotalin (CB) and participate in the inhibition of CB on NPC metastasis. Bioinformatics, RT-PCR, and in situ hybridization were used to observe the expression of miR-2110 in NPC tissues and cells. Scratch, Boyden, and tail vein metastasis model of nude mouse were used to detect the effect of miR-2110 on NPC metastasis. Western blot, Co-IP, luciferase activity, colocalization of micro confocal and ubiquitination assays were used to identify the molecular mechanism of miR-2110 affecting NPC metastasis. Finally, miR-2110 induced by CB participates in CB-stimulated inhibition of NPC metastasis was explored. The data showed that increased miR-2110 significantly suppresses NPC cell migration, invasion, and metastasis. Suppressing miR-2110 markedly restored NPC cell migration and invasion. Mechanistically, miR-2110 directly targeted FGFR1 and reduced its protein expression. Decreased FGFR1 attenuated its recruitment of NEDD4, which downregulated NEDD4-induced phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) ubiquitination and degradation and further increased PTEN protein stability, thereby inactivating PI3K/AKT-stimulated epithelial-mesenchymal transition signaling and ultimately suppressing NPC metastasis. Interestingly, CB, a potential new inhibitory drug for NPC metastasis, significantly induced miR-2110 expression by suppressing PI3K/AKT/c-Jun-mediated transcription inhibition. Suppression of miR-2110 significantly restored cell migration and invasion in CB-treated NPC cells. Finally, a clinical sample assay indicated that reduced miR-2110 was negatively correlated with NPC lymph node metastasis and positively related to NPC patient survival prognosis. In summary, miR-2110 is a metastatic suppressor involving in CB-induced suppression of NPC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyi Fang
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Lanzhu Peng
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengmin Zhang
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rentao Hou
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xing Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoning Li
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianyang Xin
- Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingrong Peng
- Department of Radiology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhihua Liu
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiyi Liu
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingying Xie
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Beixian Zhou
- The People's Hospital of Gaozhou, Gaozhou, China
| | - Weiyi Fang
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chao Cheng
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Otolaryngology, Shenzhen Longgang Otolaryngology Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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Song X, Lin M, Fang T, Gong J, Wang J, Gao S, Xu X, Lv X, Gao X, Zhang J, Jiang S, Guo D. Maduramicin-guided nanotherapy: A polymeric micelles for targeted drug delivery in canine mammary tumors. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:116062. [PMID: 38150878 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Canine mammary tumors (CMT) can severely compromise the life quality of the affected dogs through local recurrence, distant metastases and ultimately succumb to death. Recently, more attention has been given to the potential antimetastatic effect of maduramicin (MAD) on breast cancer. However, its poor aqueous solubility and toxicity to normal tissues limit its clinical application. Therefore, to address the drawbacks of MAD and enhance its anticancer and antimetastatic effects, MAD-loaded TPGS polymeric micelles (MAD-TPGS) were prepared by a thin-film hydration technique. The optimized MAD-TPGS exhibited excellent size distribution, stability and improved water solubility. Cellular uptake assays showed that TPGS polymer micelles could enhance drug internalization. Moreover, TPGS synergistically improved the cytotoxicity of MAD by targeting mitochondrial organelles, improving reactive oxygen species levels and reducing the mitochondrial transmembrane potential. More importantly, MAD-TPGS significantly impeded the metastasis of tumor cells. In vivo results further confirmed that, in addition to exhibiting excellent biocompatibility, MAD-TPGS exhibited greater antitumor efficacy than free MAD. Interestingly, MAD-TPGS displayed superior suppression of CMT metastasis via tail vein injection compared to oral administration, indicating its suitability for intravenous delivery. Overall, MAD-TPGS could be applied as a potential antimetastatic cancer agent for CMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhao Song
- Engineering Center of Innovative Veterinary Drugs, Center for Veterinary Drug Research and Evaluation, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Mengjuan Lin
- Engineering Center of Innovative Veterinary Drugs, Center for Veterinary Drug Research and Evaluation, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Tian Fang
- Engineering Center of Innovative Veterinary Drugs, Center for Veterinary Drug Research and Evaluation, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jiahao Gong
- Engineering Center of Innovative Veterinary Drugs, Center for Veterinary Drug Research and Evaluation, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Junqi Wang
- Engineering Center of Innovative Veterinary Drugs, Center for Veterinary Drug Research and Evaluation, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shasha Gao
- Engineering Center of Innovative Veterinary Drugs, Center for Veterinary Drug Research and Evaluation, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiaolin Xu
- Engineering Center of Innovative Veterinary Drugs, Center for Veterinary Drug Research and Evaluation, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xin Lv
- Engineering Center of Innovative Veterinary Drugs, Center for Veterinary Drug Research and Evaluation, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiuge Gao
- Engineering Center of Innovative Veterinary Drugs, Center for Veterinary Drug Research and Evaluation, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Junren Zhang
- Engineering Center of Innovative Veterinary Drugs, Center for Veterinary Drug Research and Evaluation, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shanxiang Jiang
- Engineering Center of Innovative Veterinary Drugs, Center for Veterinary Drug Research and Evaluation, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Dawei Guo
- Engineering Center of Innovative Veterinary Drugs, Center for Veterinary Drug Research and Evaluation, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing 210095, China.
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Sobhi Amjad Z, Shojaeian A, Sadri Nahand J, Bayat M, Taghizadieh M, Rostamian M, Babaei F, Moghoofei M. Oncoviruses: Induction of cancer development and metastasis by increasing anoikis resistance. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22598. [PMID: 38144298 PMCID: PMC10746446 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The phenomenon of cell death is a vital aspect in the regulation of aberrant cells such as cancer cells. Anoikis is a kind of cell death that occurs when cells get separated from the extracellular matrix. Some cancer cells can inhibit anoikis in order to progress metastasis. One of the key variables that might be implicated in anoikis resistance (AR) is viral infections. The most important viruses involved in this process are Epstein-Barr virus, human papillomavirus, hepatitis B virus, human herpes virus 8, human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1, and hepatitis C virus. A better understanding of how carcinogenic viruses suppress anoikis might be helpful in developing an effective treatment for virus-associated cancers. In the current study, we review the role of the mentioned viruses and their gene products in anoikis inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Sobhi Amjad
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ali Shojaeian
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Javid Sadri Nahand
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mobina Bayat
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taghizadieh
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mosayeb Rostamian
- Nosocomial Infections Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Farhad Babaei
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohsen Moghoofei
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Sajeev A, BharathwajChetty B, Vishwa R, Alqahtani MS, Abbas M, Sethi G, Kunnumakkara AB. Crosstalk between Non-Coding RNAs and Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling in Head and Neck Cancer: Identification of Novel Biomarkers and Therapeutic Agents. Noncoding RNA 2023; 9:63. [PMID: 37888209 PMCID: PMC10610319 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna9050063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancers (HNC) encompass a broad spectrum of neoplastic disorders characterized by significant morbidity and mortality. While contemporary therapeutic interventions offer promise, challenges persist due to tumor recurrence and metastasis. Central to HNC pathogenesis is the aberration in numerous signaling cascades. Prominently, the Wnt signaling pathway has been critically implicated in the etiology of HNC, as supported by a plethora of research. Equally important, variations in the expression of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been identified to modulate key cancer phenotypes such as cellular proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, metastatic potential, recurrence, and treatment resistance. This review aims to provide an exhaustive insight into the multifaceted influence of ncRNAs on HNC, with specific emphasis on their interactions with the Wnt/β-catenin (WBC) signaling axis. We further delineate the effect of ncRNAs in either exacerbating or attenuating HNC progression via interference with WBC signaling. An overview of the mechanisms underlying the interplay between ncRNAs and WBC signaling is also presented. In addition, we described the potential of various ncRNAs in enhancing the efficacy of chemotherapeutic and radiotherapeutic modalities. In summary, this assessment posits the potential of ncRNAs as therapeutic agents targeting the WBC signaling pathway in HNC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjana Sajeev
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India; (A.S.); (B.B.); (R.V.)
| | - Bandari BharathwajChetty
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India; (A.S.); (B.B.); (R.V.)
| | - Ravichandran Vishwa
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India; (A.S.); (B.B.); (R.V.)
| | - Mohammed S. Alqahtani
- Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia;
- BioImaging Unit, Space Research Centre, Michael Atiyah Building, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Mohamed Abbas
- Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
| | - Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India; (A.S.); (B.B.); (R.V.)
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Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a metastasis-prone malignancy closely associated with the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Despite ubiquitous infection of EBV worldwide, NPC incidences displayed predominance in certain ethnic groups and endemic regions. The majority of NPC patients are diagnosed with advanced-stage disease, as a result of anatomical isolation and non-specific clinical manifestation. Over the decades, researchers have gained insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying NPC pathogenesis as a result of the interplay of EBV infection with several environmental and genetic factors. EBV-associated biomarkers were also used for mass population screening for the early detection of NPC. EBV and its encoded products also serve as potential targets for the development of therapeutic strategies and tumour-specific drug delivery. This review will discuss the pathogenic role of EBV in NPC and efforts in exploiting the potential of EBV-associated molecules as biomarkers and therapeutic targets. The current knowledge on the role of EBV and its associated products in NPC tumorigenesis, development and progression will offer a new outlook and potential intervention strategy against this EBV-associated malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Yi Su
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UCSI University, Bandar Springhill, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Pui Yan Siak
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UCSI University, Bandar Springhill, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Chee-Onn Leong
- AGTC Genomics Sdn Bhd, Pusat Perdagangan Bandar, Persiaran Jalil 1, Bukit Jalil, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shiau-Chuen Cheah
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UCSI University, Bandar Springhill, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
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Ahmed N, Abusalah MAHA, Farzand A, Absar M, Yusof NY, Rabaan AA, AlSaihati H, Alshengeti A, Alwarthan S, Alsuwailem HS, Alrumaih ZA, Alsayyah A, Yean CY. Updates on Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)-Associated Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: Emphasis on the Latent Gene Products of EBV. Medicina (B Aires) 2022; 59:medicina59010002. [PMID: 36676626 PMCID: PMC9863520 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an uncommon type of malignancy/cancer worldwide. However, NPC is an endemic disease in southeast Asia and southern China and the reasons behind the underlying for such changes are unclear. Even though the Epstein-Barr infection (EBV) has been suggested as an important reason for undistinguishable NPC, the EBV itself is not adequate to source this type of cancer. The risk factors, for example, genetic susceptibility, and environmental factors might be associated with EBV to undertake a part in the NPC carcinogenesis. Normal healthy people have a memory B cell pool where the EBV persists, and any disturbance of this connection leads to virus-associated B cell malignancies. Less is known about the relationship between EBV and epithelial cell tumors, especially the EBV-associated nasopharyngeal carcinoma (EBVaNPC) and EBV-associated gastric carcinoma (EBVaGC). Currently, it is believed that premalignant genetic changes in epithelial cells contribute to the aberrant establishment of viral latency in these tumors. The early and late phases of NPC patients' survival rates vary significantly. The presence of EBV in all tumor cells presents prospects for the development of innovative therapeutic and diagnostic techniques, despite the fact that the virus's exact involvement in the carcinogenic process is presently not very well known. EBV research continues to shed light on the carcinogenic process, which is important for a more comprehensive knowledge of tumor etiology and the development of targeted cancer therapeutics. In order to screen for NPC, EBV-related biomarkers have been widely used in a few high-incidence locations because of their close associations with the risks of NPC. The current review highlights the scientific importance of EBV and its possible association with NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveed Ahmed
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | | | - Anam Farzand
- Department of Allied Health Science, Superior University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Absar
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Nik Yusnoraini Yusof
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Ali A. Rabaan
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran 31311, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Public Health and Nutrition, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22610, Pakistan
| | - Hajir AlSaihati
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafr Al Batin 39831, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amer Alshengeti
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Taibah University, Al-Madinah 41491, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Infection Prevention and Control, Prince Mohammad Bin Abdulaziz Hospital, National Guard Health Affairs, Al-Madinah 41491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sara Alwarthan
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 34212, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haifa S. Alsuwailem
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Princess Norah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 84428, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zainb A. Alrumaih
- College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 34212, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Alsayyah
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chan Yean Yean
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Correspondence:
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Miao S, Lei H, Li X, Zhou W, Wang G, Sun A, Wang Y, Wu Y. Development and validation of a risk prediction model for overall survival in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a prospective cohort study in China. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:360. [DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02776-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is prevailing in Southern China, characterized by distinct geographical distribution. Aimed to predict the overall survival (OS) of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma, this study developed and validated nomograms considering demographic variables, hematological biomarkers, and oncogenic pathogens in China. Methods The clinicopathological and follow-up data of the nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients obtained from a prospective longitudinal cohort study in the Chongqing University Cancer Hospital between Jan 1, 2017 and Dec 31, 2019 (\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\mathrm{n}=1635$$\end{document}n=1635). Cox regression model was used to tested the significance of all available variables as prognostic factors of OS. And independent prognostic factors were identified based on multivariable analysis to model nomogram. Concordance index (C-index), area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUC), calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA) were measured to assess the model performance of nomogram. Results Data was randomly divided into a training cohort (1227 observers, about 70% of data) and a validation group (408 observers, about 30% of data). At multivariable analysis, the following were independent predictors of OS in NPC patients and entered into the nomogram: age (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.03), stage (stage IV vs. stage I–II, HR: 4.54), radiotherapy (Yes vs. No, HR: 0.43), EBV (\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$>6.15$$\end{document}>6.15 vs.\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\le 6.15$$\end{document}≤6.15, HR: 2.05), NLR (\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$>4.84$$\end{document}>4.84 vs. \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\le 4.84$$\end{document}≤4.84 HR: 1.54), and PLR (\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$>206.33$$\end{document}>206.33 vs.\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\le 206.33$$\end{document}≤206.33, HR: 1.79). The C-indexes for training cohort at 1-, 3- and 5-year were 0.73, 0.83, 0.80, respectively, in the validation cohort, the C-indexes were 0.74 (95% CI 0.63–0.86), 0.80 (95% CI 0.73–0.87), and 0.77 (95% CI 0.67–0.86), respectively. The calibration curve demonstrated that favorable agreement between the predictions of the nomograms and the actual observations in the training and validation cohorts. In addition, the decision curve analysis proved that the nomogram model had the highest overall net benefit. Conclusion A new prognostic model to predict OS of patients with NPC was developed. This can offer clinicians treatment making and patient counseling. Furthermore, the nomogram was deployed into a website server for use.
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