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Trizzino M, Zucco A, Deliard S, Wang F, Barbieri E, Veglia F, Gabrilovich D, Gardini A. EGR1 is a gatekeeper of inflammatory enhancers in human macrophages. Sci Adv 2021; 7:7/3/eaaz8836. [PMID: 33523892 PMCID: PMC7806227 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaz8836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages originate through a multistep differentiation process. First, hematopoietic stem cells generate lineage-restricted progenitors that eventually develop into peripheral, postmitotic monocytes. Second, blood-circulating monocytes undergo differentiation into macrophages, which are specialized phagocytic cells capable of tissue infiltration. While monocytes mediate some level of inflammation and cell toxicity, macrophages boast the widest set of defense mechanisms against pathogens and elicit robust inflammatory responses. Here, we analyze the molecular determinants of monocytic and macrophagic commitment by profiling the EGR1 transcription factor. EGR1 is essential for monopoiesis and binds enhancers that regulate monocytic developmental genes such as CSF1R However, differentiating macrophages present a very different EGR1 binding pattern. We identify novel binding sites of EGR1 at a large set of inflammatory enhancers, even in the absence of its binding motif. We show that EGR1 repressive activity results in suppression of inflammatory genes and is mediated by the NuRD corepressor complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Trizzino
- The Wistar Institute, 3601 Spruce street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Avery Zucco
- The Wistar Institute, 3601 Spruce street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Sandra Deliard
- The Wistar Institute, 3601 Spruce street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Fang Wang
- The Wistar Institute, 3601 Spruce street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Elisa Barbieri
- The Wistar Institute, 3601 Spruce street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Filippo Veglia
- The Wistar Institute, 3601 Spruce street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Zhao Y, Xia Q, Liu Y, Bai W, Yao Y, Ding J, Lin L, Xu Z, Cai Z, Wang S, Li E, Xu H, Wu B, Xu L, Du Z. TCF7L2 and EGR1 synergistic activation of transcription of LCN2 via an ERK1/2-dependent pathway in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells. Cell Signal 2019; 55:8-16. [PMID: 30557604 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2018.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
High level expression of lipocalin 2 (LCN2) usually indicates poor prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and many other cancers. Our previous study showed LCN2 promotes migration and invasion of ESCC cells through a novel positive feedback loop. However, the key transcription activation protein (KTAP) in the loop had not yet been identified. In this study, we first predicted the most probable KTAPs by bioinformatic analysis. We then assessed the transcription regulatory regions in the human LCN2 gene by fusing deletions of its 5'-flanking region to a dual-luciferase reporter. We found that the region -720/-200 containing transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) (-273/-209) and early growth response 1 (EGR1) (-710/-616) binding sites is crucial for LCN2 promoter activity. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) experiments demonstrated that TCF7L2 and EGR1 bound directly to their binding sites within the LCN2 promoter as KTAPs. Mechanistically, overexpression of TCF7L2 and EGR1 increased endogenous LCN2 expression via the ERK signaling pathway. Treatment with recombinant human LCN2 protein enhanced activation of the ERK pathway to facilitate endogenous LCN2 expression, as well as increase the expression level of TCF7L2 and EGR1. Treatment with the MEK inhibitor U0126 inhibited the activation by TCF7L2 or EGR1 overexpression. Moreover, overexpression of TCF7L2 or EGR1 accelerated the migration and invasion of ESCC cells. A synergistic effect was observed between TCF7L2 and EGR1 in amplifying the induction of LCN2 and enhancing migration and invasion. Taken together, our study indicates that TCF7L2 and EGR1 are the KTAPs of LCN2, within a positive "LCN2 → MEK/ERK → LCN2" path, to promote the migration and invasion of ESCC cells. Based on their clinicopathological significance, LCN2 and its two expression regulators TCF7L2 and ERG1 might be therapeutic targets for ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou 515041, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China; Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Qiaoxi Xia
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Wenjing Bai
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Yubin Yao
- Department of Radiology, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Jiyu Ding
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Ling Lin
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Zhennan Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Zhixiong Cai
- Department of Cardiology, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Shaohong Wang
- Department of Pathology, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Enmin Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Haixiong Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Bingli Wu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China.
| | - Liyan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China; Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China.
| | - Zepeng Du
- Department of Pathology, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shantou 515041, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Genes Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
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Zhou YM, Feng X, Zhou BC, Fan YF, Huang YL. Evaluation of therapeutic effects of 125I particles brachytherapy for recurrent bladder cancer. Oncol Lett 2017; 15:3453-3457. [PMID: 29435083 PMCID: PMC5778877 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical value of 125I particles implantation in the treatment of recurrent bladder cancer. The study is a retrospective analysis of 32 patients with recurrent bladder cancer treated between May 2010 and January 2010. Of these, 16 cases (chemotherapy group) received conventional chemotherapy. A total of 16 patients (125I group) received radiotherapy with 125I particles, followed by conventional chemotherapy. By guidance of B ultrasound, 125I radioactive particles were implanted. All 32 patients were relieved after treatment, and the tumors were significantly reduced after 2 months. However, the tumors in the 125I group were significantly smaller than those in the chemotherapy group (P<0.05). The patients were followed-up for 1 year and no recurrence was found. Additionally, no complications occurred. Compared with the chemotherapy group, the tumor volume of the 125I group was significantly reduced (P<0.05). The disease-free survival and 5-year survival rates of the patients in the follow-up showed that the disease-free survival and 5-year survival rates of the patients in 125I group were significantly improved compared to those in the chemotherapy group. Therefore, the results have shown that 125I radioactive particles in the treatment of bladder cancer improve the symptoms of patients with bladder cancer in the short term, and continuously kill residual tumor and prevent recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ming Zhou
- Department of Intervetion Therapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361000, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Feng
- Department of Intervetion Therapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361000, P.R. China
| | - Bing-Cheng Zhou
- Department of Intervetion Therapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361000, P.R. China
| | - Yue-Feng Fan
- Department of Intervetion Therapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361000, P.R. China
| | - Yuan-Liang Huang
- Department of Intervetion Therapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361000, P.R. China
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Gao X, Xie Z, Wang Z, Cheng K, Liang K, Song Z. Overexpression of miR-191 Predicts Poor Prognosis and Promotes Proliferation and Invasion in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Yonsei Med J 2017; 58:1101-1110. [PMID: 29047233 PMCID: PMC5653474 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2017.58.6.1101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Accumulating evidence has shown that dysregulation of microRNA-191 (miR-191) is closely associated with tumorigenesis and progression in a wide range of cancers. This study aimed to explore the potential role of miR-191 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS miR-191 expression was assessed in 93 ESCC tissue specimens by real-time polymerase chain reaction, and survival analysis was performed via Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses. 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide, plate colony-forming, BrdU, and Transwell assays were conducted to observe the effect of miR-191 on ESCC proliferation and invasion. Luciferase reporter and western blot assays were taken to identify target genes of miR-191. RESULTS miR-191 was overexpressed in 93 cases of ESCC, compared with adjacent normal tissues, and miR-191 expression was significantly related to differentiation, depth of invasion, TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis of tumor. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses demonstrated that overexpression of miR-191 was an independent and significant predictor of ESCC prognosis. Both gain-of-function and loss-of-function experiments showed that miR-191 promoted ESCC cell proliferation and invasion activities in vitro. Early growth response 1 (EGR1), a tumor suppressor, was predicted as a direct target of miR-191. Luciferase reporter and western blot assays proved that miR-191 reduced EGR1 expression by directly binding its 3' untranslated region. Moreover, EGR1 knockdown by siRNA enhanced ESCC cell growth and invasion. CONCLUSION Our findings provide specific biological roles of miR-191 in ESCC survival and progression. Targeting the novel miR-191/EGR1 axis represents a potential new therapeutic way to block ESCC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotian Gao
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhanqiang Xie
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Keluo Cheng
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Ke Liang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Zeqing Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Guangdong Medical University Affiliated Longhua Central Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
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Yoon TM, Kim SA, Lee DH, Lee JK, Park YL, Lee KH, Chung IJ, Joo YE, Lim SC. EGR1 regulates radiation-induced apoptosis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Oncol Rep 2015; 33:1717-22. [PMID: 25710185 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.3747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor, early growth response 1 (EGR1) belongs to the early growth response family. EGR1 regulates the transactivation of genes involved in growth inhibition and apoptosis by ionizing radiation. The aims of the present study were to evaluate the expression of EGR1, and its relationship to prognosis, in patients with advanced laryngeal and hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LHSCC) receiving chemoradiation therapy, and to observe the effect of EGR1 on the apoptosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cells treated with ionizing radiation. Expression of the EGR1 protein in tissue samples from patients with LHSCC was detected by immunohistochemistry. A high expression of the EGR1 protein was observed in 37 (67.3%) of the 55 LHSCC tissue samples examined. A high EGR1 protein expression in patients with LHSCC who were treated with chemoradiation was significantly associated with improved larynx-preservation survival (p=0.04). The 5-year disease-specific survival rate with larynx preservation was 59% in patients with a high EGR1 protein expression vs. 30% in those with a low EGR1 protein expression. In the human HNSCC cell line, PCI50, EGR1 mRNA expression was induced at 30-60 min, and EGR1 protein expression was induced at 60-120 min, after exposure to a 5 Gy dose of ionizing radiation. To evaluate the impact of EGR1 on radiation-induced apoptosis, we used small‑interfering RNA to knock down endogenous EGR1 gene expression. Cleaved caspase 3, cleaved caspase 7, and cleaved PARP were decreased, while XIAP was increased, in EGR1-knockdown PCI50 cells compared to negative control PCI50 cells, at all observed post-irradiation time points. These findings suggested that EGR1 knockdown inhibits radiation-induced apoptosis. In conclusion, EGR1 may be associated with larynx-preservation survival, through the regulation of radiation-induced apoptosis in patients with LHSCC treated with chemoradiation. Although further investigations are required to support the present study, EGR1 serves as a favorable biomarker of radiosensitivity in the treatment of LHSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Mi Yoon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Ae Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hoon Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Kyoo Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Lan Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Hwa Lee
- Department of Pathology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ik-Joo Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Eun Joo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Chul Lim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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Salmaso N, Hicks J, Woodside B. Effects of parturition on immediate early gene protein expression within the brains of female rats. Neuroscience 2010; 169:637-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2010.05.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2009] [Revised: 05/21/2010] [Accepted: 05/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Baik SH, Jee BK, Choi JS, Yoon HK, Lee KH, Kim YH, Lim Y. DNA profiling by array comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and tumor tissue cell in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Mol Biol Rep 2008; 36:1767-78. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-008-9380-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2008] [Accepted: 10/09/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Mittelbronn M, Harter P, Warth A, Lupescu A, Schilbach K, Vollmann H, Capper D, Goeppert B, Frei K, Bertalanffy H, Weller M, Meyermann R, Lang F, Simon P. EGR-1 is regulated by N-methyl-D-aspartate-receptor stimulation and associated with patient survival in human high grade astrocytomas. Brain Pathol 2008; 19:195-204. [PMID: 18489490 DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3639.2008.00175.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Early growth response-1 (EGR-1) is considered a central regulator in tumor cell proliferation, migration and angiogenesis and a promising candidate for gene therapy in human astrocytomas. However, conflicting data have been reported suggesting that both tumor promoting and anti-tumor activity of EGR-1 and its regulation, expression and prognostic significance still remain enigmatic. Our study explored EGR-1 expression and regulation in astrocytomas and its association with patient survival. As we detected two EGR-1 mRNA variants, one containing a N-methyl-D-aspartate-receptor (NMDA-R) responsive cytoplasmic polyadenylation element (CPE), further experiments were performed to determine the functional role of this pathway. After NMDA stimulation of SV-FHAS and neoplastic astrocytes, real-time polymerase chain reaction showed an increase of the CPE, containing EGR-1 splice variant only in astrocytoma cells. The surface expression and functionality of NMDA-R were demonstrated by flow cytometric analysis and measurement of increased intracellular Ca(2+). EGR-1 was mainly restricted to tumor cells expressing NMDA-R and significantly up-regulated in astrocytic tumors compared with normal brain. Further, EGR-1 expression was significantly (P < 0.007) associated with enhanced patient survival and was an independent prognostic factor in multivariate analysis in high grade astrocytomas. The NMDA-R-mediated EGR-1 expression, therefore, seems to be a promising target for novel clinical approaches to astrocytoma treatment.
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Li C, Wu M, Kuang L. Qualitative and quantitative studies of polygene proteins expression in esophageal precancerous lesions and esophageal carcinoma. Chin J Cancer Res 2007; 19:100-107. [DOI: 10.1007/s11670-007-0100-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
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