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Behroozizad N, Mahmoodpoor A, Shadvar K, Ardebil RA, Pahnvar AJ, Sohrabifar N, Kazeminasab S. Evaluation of circulating levels of miR-135a and miR-193 in patients with sepsis. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:282. [PMID: 38324210 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09225-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sepsis is a life-threatening condition where early diagnosis and prognostic awareness provide guidance for selecting the appropriate treatment strategies. A wide variety of biomarker-based studies in clinical medicine provide new insights into personalized medicine for sepsis patients. MiRNAs are endogenous non-coding RNA molecules that have been acting as great potential diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic biomarkers in various diseases. METHODS AND RESULTS In the present study, the expression levels of two selected miRNAs, including miR-135a and miR-193, were evaluated for their prognostic potential in patients with sepsis. The circulating levels of miRNAs were quantified by quantitative PCR (qPCR) in patients with sepsis (n = 100) and age- and sex-matched healthy controls (n = 100). Statistical findings confirmed the valuable prognostic potential of miR-135a in patients with sepsis, while no significant difference was found between the miR-193 expression level in the patients with sepsis and the controls. CONCLUSIONS Circulating levels of miRNA-135a can serve a the prognostic biomarker for patients with sepsis. These findings highlight the importance of miRNAs as signatures in the personalized managements of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazila Behroozizad
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive care, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ata Mahmoodpoor
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive care, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Kamran Shadvar
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive care, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Roghayeh Asghari Ardebil
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive care, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Aynour Jalali Pahnvar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Higher Education Institute of Rab- Rashid, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nasim Sohrabifar
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Somayeh Kazeminasab
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Sadr Laboratories Group, Medical Genetics Laboratory, Tabriz, Iran.
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2
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Pasławska M, Grodzka A, Peczyńska J, Sawicka B, Bossowski AT. Role of miRNA in Cardiovascular Diseases in Children-Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:956. [PMID: 38256030 PMCID: PMC10816020 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The number of children suffering from cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is rising globally. Therefore, there is an urgent need to acquire a better understanding of the genetic factors and molecular mechanisms related to the pathogenesis of CVDs in order to develop new prevention and treatment strategies for the future. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) constitute a class of small non-coding RNA fragments that range from 17 to 25 nucleotides in length and play an essential role in regulating gene expression, controlling an abundance of biological aspects of cell life, such as proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis, thus affecting immune response, stem cell growth, ageing and haematopoiesis. In recent years, the concept of miRNAs as diagnostic markers allowing discrimination between healthy individuals and those affected by CVDs entered the purview of academic debate. In this review, we aimed to systematise available information regarding miRNAs associated with arrhythmias, cardiomyopathies, myocarditis and congenital heart diseases in children. We focused on the targeted genes and metabolic pathways influenced by those particular miRNAs, and finally, tried to determine the future of miRNAs as novel biomarkers of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Artur Tadeusz Bossowski
- Department of Pediatrics, Endocrinology, Diabetology with Cardiology Divisions, Medical University of Bialystok, J. Waszyngtona 17, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland; (M.P.); (A.G.); (J.P.); (B.S.)
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3
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Liu Q, Lei Z. The Role of microRNAs in Arsenic-Induced Human Diseases: A Review. J Agric Food Chem 2023. [PMID: 37930083 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c03721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are noncoding RNAs with 20-22 nucleotides, which are encoded by endogenous genes and are capable of targeting the majority of human mRNAs. Arsenic is regarded as a human carcinogen, which can lead to many adverse health effects including diabetes, skin lesions, kidney disease, neurological impairment, male reproductive injury, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) such as cardiac arrhythmias, ischemic heart failure, and endothelial dysfunction. miRNAs can act as tumor suppressors and oncogenes via directly targeting oncogenes or tumor suppressors. Recently, miRNA dysregulation was considered to be an important mechanism of arsenic-induced human diseases and a potential biomarker to predict the diseases caused by arsenic exposure. Endogenic miRNAs such as miR-21, the miR-200 family, miR-155, and the let-7 family are involved in arsenic-induced human disease by inducing translational repression or RNA degradation and influencing multiple pathways, including mTOR/Arg 1, HIF-1α/VEGF, AKT, c-Myc, MAPK, Wnt, and PI3K pathways. Additionally, exogenous miRNAs derived from plants, such as miR-34a, miR-159, miR-2911, miR-159a, miR-156c, miR-168, etc., among others, can be transported from blood to specific tissue/organ systems in vivo. These exogenous miRNAs might be critical players in the treatment of human diseases by regulating host gene expression. This review summarizes the regulatory mechanisms of miRNAs in arsenic-induced human diseases, including cancers, CVD, and other human diseases. These special miRNAs could serve as potential biomarkers in the management and treatment of human diseases linked to arsenic exposure. Finally, the protective action of exogenous miRNAs, including antitumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-CVD, antioxidant stress, and antivirus are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianying Liu
- School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Zhiqun Lei
- School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
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4
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Behrooz M, Hajjarzadeh S, Kahroba H, Ostadrahimi A, Bastami M. Expression pattern of miR-193a, miR122, miR155, miR-15a, and miR146a in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of children with obesity and their relation to some metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers. BMC Pediatr 2023; 23:95. [PMID: 36859176 PMCID: PMC9976520 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-023-03867-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The widespread presence of childhood obesity has increased considerably over three decades. The present study was designed to investigate expression patterns of miR-146a, miR-155, miR-15a, miR-193a, and miR-122 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in children who are obese along with their association with metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers. METHODS Ninety test subjects were admitted. The profile of blood pressure, resting energy expenditure (REE), anthropometric measures, body composition, dietary intakes, physical activity levels, insulin, and lipid profile, fasting blood glucose (FBG), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and pubertal stage have been measured. Total RNA (including small RNAs) was extracted from PBMCs. The expression levels of miRNAs were measured by stem-loop RT-qPCR. RESULTS The miR-155a expression level was significantly lower in obese children, children with high hs-CRP, and children with high-fat mass. Obese girls had significantly higher PBMC levels of miR-122. MiR-155a had a significant negative association with fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, and hs-CRP. There were significant positive associations between miR-193a and miR-122 expression levels and fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, and TG. MiR-15a was positively correlated with fasting insulin and HOMA-IR. Children with metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, and high-fat mass had higher PBMC levels of miR-122 and miR-193a. Higher miR-193a and miR-122 levels were also detected in PBMCs of children with fast REE, compared to those with slow REE, and the subjects with high hs-CRP, respectively. CONCLUSION lower level of miR-155 expression in obese subjects and significant associations unfolds the need for more studies to detect the possible underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Behrooz
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Pediatric Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Samaneh Hajjarzadeh
- Student of Nutrition Sciences. Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Houman Kahroba
- Department of Toxicogenomics, GROW School of Oncology and Development Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Alireza Ostadrahimi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Milad Bastami
- Department of Medical Genetics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Golgasht St, Attar Neyshabouri Av, Tabriz, Iran.
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5
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Li Q, Zhang C, Shi J, Yang Y, Xing X, Wang Y, Zhan X, Wang L, Xu G, He F. High-Phosphate-Stimulated Macrophage-Derived Exosomes Promote Vascular Calcification via let-7b-5p/TGFBR1 Axis in Chronic Kidney Disease. Cells 2022; 12:cells12010161. [PMID: 36611957 PMCID: PMC9818696 DOI: 10.3390/cells12010161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Although macrophage infiltration has been proven to increase calcified artery media in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, the mechanism by which macrophages are involved in vascular calcification (VC) progression remains unclear. Taking advantage of miRNA-seq, RNA-seq, dual-luciferase reporter assay, qRT-PCR, and arteries from CKD patients as well as CKD mouse models, we identified that high-phosphate-stimulated macrophage-derived exosomes (Mexo-P) suppressed let-7b-5p expression in VSMCs, which further upregulated TGFBR1. Moreover, gain-and-loss-of-function assays were used to determine the regulatory effects and downstream mechanism of let-7b-5p and TGFBR1 on VC. Mechanically, Mexo-P induced VSMC TGFBR1 upregulation by suppressing let-7b-5p, which further amplifies SMAD3/RUNX2 signaling and thereby contributes to VC. Our findings indicate that macrophage-derived exosomes promote CKD-associated VC through the let-7b-5p/TGFBR1 axis in high-phosphate conditions. Our study provides insight into macrophages associated with VC, which might be potential therapeutical targets for VC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Gang Xu
- Correspondence: (G.X.); (F.H.)
| | - Fan He
- Correspondence: (G.X.); (F.H.)
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6
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Navarre BM, Clouthier KL, Ji X, Taylor A, Weldy CS, Dubin AM, Reddy S. miR Profile of Chronic Right Ventricular Pacing: a Pilot Study in Children with Congenital Complete Atrioventricular Block. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2022; 16:287-299. [PMID: 36121621 PMCID: PMC10151311 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-022-10318-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Chronic ventricular pacing can lead to pacing-induced cardiomyopathy (PICM). Clinical data alone is insufficient to predict who will develop PICM. Our study aimed to evaluate the circulating miR profile associated with chronic right ventricular pacing in children with congenital complete AV block (CCAVB) and to identify candidate miRs for longitudinal monitoring. Clinical data and blood were collected from chronically paced children (N = 9) and compared with non-paced controls (N = 13). miR microarrays from the buffy coat revealed 488 differentially regulated miRs between groups. Pathway analysis predicted both adaptive and maladaptive miR signaling associated with chronic pacing despite preserved ventricular function. Greater profibrotic signaling (miRs-92a, 130, 27, 29) and sodium and calcium channel dysregulation (let-7) were seen in those paced > 10 years with the most dyregulation seen in a patient with sudden death vs. those paced < 10 years. These miRs may help to identify early adverse remodeling in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany M Navarre
- Department of Pediatrics (Cardiology), Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford University, 750 Welch Road, Suite 325, Stanford, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Katie L Clouthier
- Department of Pediatrics (Cardiology), Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford University, 750 Welch Road, Suite 325, Stanford, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Xuhuai Ji
- Human Immune Monitoring Center and Functional Genomics Facility, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Anne Taylor
- Department of Pediatrics (Cardiology), Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford University, 750 Welch Road, Suite 325, Stanford, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Chad S Weldy
- Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular), Stanford Medical Center, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Anne M Dubin
- Department of Pediatrics (Cardiology), Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford University, 750 Welch Road, Suite 325, Stanford, CA, 94304, USA
| | - Sushma Reddy
- Department of Pediatrics (Cardiology), Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford University, 750 Welch Road, Suite 325, Stanford, CA, 94304, USA. .,Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, USA.
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7
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Ionescu RF, Enache RM, Cretoiu SM, Cretoiu D. The Interplay Between Gut Microbiota and miRNAs in Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:856901. [PMID: 35369298 PMCID: PMC8965857 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.856901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The human microbiota contains microorganisms found on the skin, mucosal surfaces and in other tissues. The major component, the gut microbiota, can be influenced by diet, genetics, and environmental factors. Any change in its composition results in pathophysiological changes that can further influence the evolution of different conditions, including cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The microbiome is a complex ecosystem and can be considered the metagenome of the microbiota. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are speculated to interact with the intestinal microbiota for modulating gene expressions of the host. miRNAs represent a category of small non-coding RNAs, consisting of approximately 22 nucleotides, which can regulate gene expression at post-transcriptional level, by influencing the degradation of mRNA and modifying protein amounts. miRNAs display a multitude of roles, being able to influence the pathogenesis and progression of various diseases. Circulating miRNAs are stable against degradation, due to their enclosure into extracellular vesicles (EVs). This review aims to assess the current knowledge of the possible interactions between gut microbiota, miRNAs, and CVDs. As more scientific research is conducted, it can be speculated that personalized patient care in the future may include the management of gut microbiota composition and the targeted treatment against certain expression of miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert Mihai Enache
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Sanda Maria Cretoiu
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Cell and Molecular Biology and Histology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
- *Correspondence: Sanda Maria Cretoiu ;
| | - Dragos Cretoiu
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Cell and Molecular Biology and Histology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
- Fetal Medicine Excellence Research Center, Alessandrescu-Rusescu National Institute for Mother and Child Health, Bucharest, Romania
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8
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Yang D, Deschênes I, Fu JD. Multilayer control of cardiac electrophysiology by microRNAs. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2022; 166:107-115. [PMID: 35247375 PMCID: PMC9035102 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2022.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The electrophysiological properties of the heart include cardiac automaticity, excitation (i.e., depolarization and repolarization of action potential) of individual cardiomyocytes, and highly coordinated electrical propagation through the whole heart. An abnormality in any of these properties can cause arrhythmias. MicroRNAs (miRs) have been recognized as essential regulators of gene expression through the conventional RNA interference (RNAi) mechanism and are involved in a variety of biological events. Recent evidence has demonstrated that miRs regulate the electrophysiology of the heart through fine regulation by the conventional RNAi mechanism of the expression of ion channels, transporters, intracellular Ca2+-handling proteins, and other relevant factors. Recently, a direct interaction between miRs and ion channels has also been reported in the heart, revealing a biophysical modulation by miRs of cardiac electrophysiology. These advanced discoveries suggest that miR controls cardiac electrophysiology through two distinct mechanisms: immediate action through biophysical modulation and long-term conventional RNAi regulation. Here, we review the recent research progress and summarize the current understanding of how miR manipulates the function of ion channels to maintain the homeostasis of cardiac electrophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Yang
- The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, 333 W. 10(th) Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Isabelle Deschênes
- The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, 333 W. 10(th) Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Ji-Dong Fu
- The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University, 333 W. 10(th) Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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9
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Zhang X, Liu M, Yang K, Chi J, Chen W, Shi Z, Liu W, Ma X, Yin X. Changes in microRNA expression profiles in diabetic cardiomyopathy rats following H3 relaxin treatment. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2021. [PMID: 34983906 DOI: 10.1097/FJC.0000000000001211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are noncoding RNAs that play an important role in the mechanisms of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM); however, whether human recombinant relaxin-3 (H3 relaxin) inhibits myocardial injury in DCM rats and the underlying mechanisms involving miRNAs remain unknown. miRNA expression profiles were detected using miRNA microarray and bioinformatics analyses of myocardial tissues from control, DCM, and H3 relaxin-administered DCM groups, and the regulatory mechanisms of the miRNAs were investigated. A total of five miRNAs were downregulated in the myocardial tissues of DCM rats and upregulated in H3 relaxin-treated DCM rats, and one miRNA (miRNA let-7d-3p) was increased in the myocardial tissue of DCM rats, and decreased in H3 relaxin-treated DCM rats as revealed by miRNA microarray and validated by real-time PCR. Important signaling pathways were found to be triggered by the differentially expressed miRNAs, including metabolism, cancer, Rap1, PI3K-Akt, and MAPK signaling pathways. The study revealed that H3 relaxin improved glucose uptake in DCM rats, potentially via regulation of miRNA let-7d-3p.
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10
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Sayed-Pathan NI, Kumar P, Paknikar KM, Gajbhiye V. MicroRNAs: A Neoteric Approach to Understand Pathogenesis, Diagnose, and Treat Myocardial Infarction. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2021; 78:773-781. [PMID: 34882110 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Myocardial infarction is a substantial contributor to ischemic heart diseases, affecting a large number of people leading to fatal conditions worldwide. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are explicitly emerging as excellent modulators of pathways involved in maintaining cardiomyocyte survival, repair, and regeneration. Altered expression of genes in cardiomyocytes postinfarction can lead to the disordered state of the myocardium, such as cardiac hypertrophy, ischemia-reperfusion injury, left ventricular remodeling, and cardiac fibrosis. Therapeutic targeting of miRNAs in cardiomyocytes can potentially reverse the adverse effects in the heart postinfarction. This review aims to understand the role of several miRNAs involved in the regeneration and repair of cardiomyocytes postmyocardial infarction and presents comprehensive information on the subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nida Irfan Sayed-Pathan
- Nanobioscience Group, Agharkar Research Institute, Pune, India; and
- Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, India
| | - Pramod Kumar
- Nanobioscience Group, Agharkar Research Institute, Pune, India; and
- Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, India
| | - Kishore M Paknikar
- Nanobioscience Group, Agharkar Research Institute, Pune, India; and
- Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, India
| | - Virendra Gajbhiye
- Nanobioscience Group, Agharkar Research Institute, Pune, India; and
- Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, India
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11
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Pan J, Alexan B, Dennis D, Bettina C, Christoph LIM, Tang Y. microRNA-193-3p attenuates myocardial injury of mice with sepsis via STAT3/HMGB1 axis. J Transl Med 2021; 19:386. [PMID: 34503521 PMCID: PMC8428118 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-03022-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Little is known regarding the functional role of microRNA-193-3p (miR-193-3p) in sepsis. Hence, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of miR-193-3p on myocardial injury in mice with sepsis and its mechanism through the regulation of signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3). Methods The mice model of sepsis was established by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), septic mice were injected with miR-193-3p agomir, miR-193-3p antagomir or siRNA-STAT3. The expression of miR-193-3p, STAT3 and HMGB1 in the myocardial tissue of septic mice were detected. Cardiac ultrasound, hemodynamics, myocardial injury markers, inflammatory factors and cardiomyocyte apoptosis in septic mice were measured. Results MiR-193-3p expression was reduced while STAT3 expression was increased in septic mice. Down-regulated STAT3 or up-regulated miR-193-3p improved cardiac function, attenuated myocardial injury, inflammation and cardiomyocyte apoptosis in septic mice. Knockdown STAT3 reversed the role of inhibited miR-193-3p for mice with sepsis. miR-193-3p targeted STAT3, thereby inhibiting HMGB1 expression. Conclusion This study provides evidence that miR-193-3p targets STAT3 expression to reduce HMGB1 expression, thereby reducing septic myocardial damage. MiR-193-3p might be a potential candidate marker and therapeutic target for sepsis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12967-021-03022-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyuan Pan
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, 230001, Anhui, China.,Institute of Experimental Cardiology, Internal Medicine VIII, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Buse Alexan
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, Internal Medicine VIII, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dorn Dennis
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, Internal Medicine VIII, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,Anatomy and Developmental Biology, European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Chiristine Bettina
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, Internal Medicine VIII, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,Anatomy and Developmental Biology, European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Laeuf Ilona Mariya Christoph
- Anatomy and Developmental Biology, European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yongqin Tang
- Anatomy and Developmental Biology, European Center for Angioscience, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany. .,Department of General surgery, Chuzhou Hospital affiliated to Anhui Medical University, 230001, Anhui, China.
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12
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Paul A, Pai PG, Ariyannur PS, Joy RA. Diagnostic accuracy of MicroRNA 208b level with respect to different types of atrial fibrillation. Indian Heart J 2021; 73:506-510. [PMID: 34474768 PMCID: PMC8424364 DOI: 10.1016/j.ihj.2021.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNA) are prerequisite for cardiovascular functions. miRNA miR-208 b is a cardio-specific miRNA with tissue (atrial) levels elevated in atrial fibrillation (AFib) and blood levels significantly elevated in myocardial infarction. We calculated serum levels of miR-208 b in paroxysmal and persistent AFib, embolic cerebrovascular accident patients with AFib as possible etiology and controls. There was a statistically significant change of miR-208 b levels in paroxysmal (p = 0.044) and persistent (p = 0.040) AFib patients, but not for embolic CVA patients. miR-208 b could serve as a new serum marker for paroxysmal AFib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abraham Paul
- Cardiology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kochi, India.
| | - Praveen G Pai
- Cardiology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kochi, India.
| | - Prasanth S Ariyannur
- Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kochi, India.
| | - Reenu Anne Joy
- Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Kochi, India.
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13
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Wang ZY, Zhao T, Zhou J, Gao F. Elevated serum miR-3129-5p contributes to the progression of coronary heart disease via targeting mTOR. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2020; 37:314-323. [PMID: 33336524 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study aims to explore the miRNA changes that occur in the serum of patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and healthy controls using a microarray technique, thereby exploring the potential biomarkers in the diagnosis of CHD and the underlying mechanism. Clinical data were reviewed, and venous blood samples were collected from 66 cases of CHD and 58 cases of healthy controls. MicroRNA-wide expression profiling identified 16 miRNAs that were aberrantly decreased by ~2-fold in the serum of patients with CHD compared to that of healthy controls. RT-PCR analysis indicated that the expression of miR-3129-5p was increased the most in patients with CHD compared with that of controls. Moreover, serum miR-3129-5p was found to be highest in the severe stenosis group, followed by the moderate stenosis group and mild stenosis group. ROC analysis showed that serum miR-3129-5p could differentiate patients with CHD from controls. Further study showed that mTOR was a target gene of miR-3129-5p. Western blot assays demonstrated that miR-3129-5p significantly suppressed the phosphorylation of S6 but increased LC3II/LC3I and Beclin1 levels. Consistently, GFP-LC3 and TEM assays indicated that miR-3129 increased autophagy puncta in H9C2 cells. More importantly, silencing mTOR significantly decreased the expression of p-S6 but increased LC3II/LC3I and Beclin expression even in H9C2 cells transfected with miR-3129-5p inhibitor, indicating that miR-3129-5p-induced cell autophagy was mediated via mTOR in H9C2 cells. In summary, elevated serum miR-3129-5p contributes to CHD by targeting mTOR signaling and may be a therapeutic target in the treatment of CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Yu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Weanpon Industry 521 Hospital, China
| | - Ting Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Weanpon Industry 521 Hospital, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Yan'an University, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Yan'an University, China
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14
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Mazzone A, Strege PR, Gibbons SJ, Alcaino C, Joshi V, Haak AJ, Tschumperlin DJ, Bernard CE, Cima RR, Larson DW, Chua HK, Graham RP, El Refaey M, Mohler PJ, Hayashi Y, Ordog T, Calder S, Du P, Farrugia G, Beyder A. microRNA overexpression in slow transit constipation leads to reduced Na V1.5 current and altered smooth muscle contractility. Gut 2020; 69:868-876. [PMID: 31757880 PMCID: PMC7147984 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2019-318747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was designed to evaluate the roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) in slow transit constipation (STC). DESIGN All human tissue samples were from the muscularis externa of the colon. Expression of 372 miRNAs was examined in a discovery cohort of four patients with STC versus three age/sex-matched controls by a quantitative PCR array. Upregulated miRNAs were examined by quantitative reverse transcription qPCR (RT-qPCR) in a validation cohort of seven patients with STC and age/sex-matched controls. The effect of a highly differentially expressed miRNA on a custom human smooth muscle cell line was examined in vitro by RT-qPCR, electrophysiology, traction force microscopy, and ex vivo by lentiviral transduction in rat muscularis externa organotypic cultures. RESULTS The expression of 13 miRNAs was increased in STC samples. Of those miRNAs, four were predicted to target SCN5A, the gene that encodes the Na+ channel NaV1.5. The expression of SCN5A mRNA was decreased in STC samples. Let-7f significantly decreased Na+ current density in vitro in human smooth muscle cells. In rat muscularis externa organotypic cultures, overexpression of let-7f resulted in reduced frequency and amplitude of contraction. CONCLUSIONS A small group of miRNAs is upregulated in STC, and many of these miRNAs target the SCN5A-encoded Na+ channel NaV1.5. Within this set, a novel NaV1.5 regulator, let-7f, resulted in decreased NaV1.5 expression, current density and reduced motility of GI smooth muscle. These results suggest NaV1.5 and miRNAs as novel diagnostic and potential therapeutic targets in STC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia Mazzone
- Enteric NeuroScience Program (ENSP), Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Peter R Strege
- Enteric NeuroScience Program (ENSP), Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA,Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Simon J Gibbons
- Enteric NeuroScience Program (ENSP), Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA,Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Constanza Alcaino
- Enteric NeuroScience Program (ENSP), Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Vikram Joshi
- Enteric NeuroScience Program (ENSP), Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Andrew J Haak
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Daniel J Tschumperlin
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Cheryl E Bernard
- Enteric NeuroScience Program (ENSP), Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Robert R Cima
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - David W Larson
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Heidi K Chua
- Department of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Mona El Refaey
- Departments of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA,Department of Internal Medicine, The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Peter J Mohler
- Departments of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Yujiro Hayashi
- Enteric NeuroScience Program (ENSP), Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Tamas Ordog
- Enteric NeuroScience Program (ENSP), Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA,Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Stefan Calder
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Peng Du
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Gianrico Farrugia
- Enteric NeuroScience Program (ENSP), Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA .,Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Arthur Beyder
- Enteric NeuroScience Program (ENSP), Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA .,Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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15
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Mirzadeh Azad F, Arabian M, Maleki M, Malakootian M. Small Molecules with Big Impacts on Cardiovascular Diseases. Biochem Genet 2020; 58:359-383. [PMID: 31997044 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-020-09948-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although in recent years there has been a significant progress in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of CVD, but due to their complex pathobiology, developing novel biomarkers and therapeutic interventions are still in need. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a fraction of non-coding RNAs that act as micro-regulators of gene expression. Mounting evidences over the last decade confirmed that microRNAs were deregulated in several CVDs and manipulating their expression could affect homeostasis, differentiation, and function of cardiovascular system. Here, we review the current knowledge concerning the roles of miRNAs in cardiovascular diseases with more details on cardiac remodeling, arrhythmias, and atherosclerosis. In addition, we discuss the latest findings on the potential therapeutic applications of miRNAs in cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Mirzadeh Azad
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maedeh Arabian
- Cardiogenetic Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Maleki
- Cardiogenetic Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahshid Malakootian
- Cardiogenetic Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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16
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Pinchi E, Frati P, Aromatario M, Cipolloni L, Fabbri M, La Russa R, Maiese A, Neri M, Santurro A, Scopetti M, Viola RV, Turillazzi E, Fineschi V. miR-1, miR-499 and miR-208 are sensitive markers to diagnose sudden death due to early acute myocardial infarction. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:6005-6016. [PMID: 31240830 PMCID: PMC6714215 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are strongly up-regulated under pathological stress and in a wide range of diseases. In recent years, miRNAs are under investigation for their potential use as biomarkers in cardiovascular diseases. We investigate whether specific cardio-miRNAs are overexpressed in heart samples from subjects deceased for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) or sudden cardiac death (SCD), and whether miRNA could help differentiate between them. Forty four cases of death due to cardiovascular disease were selected, respectively, 19 cases categorized as AMI and 25 as SCD. Eighteen cases of traumatic death without pathological cardiac involvement were selected as control. Immunohistochemical investigation was performed for CD15, IL-15, Cx43, MCP-1, tryptase, troponin C and troponin I. Reverse transcription and quantitative real-time PCR were performed for miR-1, miR-133, miR-208 and miR-499. In AMI group, stronger immunoreaction for the CD15, IL-15 and MCP-1 antibodies was detectable compared with SCD and control. Cx43 showed a negative reaction with respect to the other groups. Real-time PCR results showed a down-regulation of all miRNAs in the AMI group compared with SCD and control. The selected miRNAs presented high accuracy in discriminating SCD from AMI (miR-1 and miR-499) and AMI from control (miR-208) representing a potential aid for both clinicians and pathologists for differential diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrica Pinchi
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopaedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Frati
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopaedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,IRCSS Neuromed Mediterranean Neurological Institute, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Mariarosaria Aromatario
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopaedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Cipolloni
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopaedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Fabbri
- Department of Morphology, Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Raffaele La Russa
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopaedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,IRCSS Neuromed Mediterranean Neurological Institute, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Aniello Maiese
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopaedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Margherita Neri
- Department of Morphology, Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessandro Santurro
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopaedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Scopetti
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopaedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Rocco Valerio Viola
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopaedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuela Turillazzi
- Institute of Legal Medicine, Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Vittorio Fineschi
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic and Orthopaedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,IRCSS Neuromed Mediterranean Neurological Institute, Pozzilli, Italy
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17
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Dilaveris P, Antoniou CK, Manolakou P, Tsiamis E, Gatzoulis K, Tousoulis D. Biomarkers Associated with Atrial Fibrosis and Remodeling. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:780-802. [PMID: 28925871 DOI: 10.2174/0929867324666170918122502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation is the most common rhythm disturbance encountered in clinical practice. Although often considered as solely arrhythmic in nature, current evidence has established that atrial myopathy constitutes both the substrate and the outcome of atrial fibrillation, thus initiating a vicious, self-perpetuating cycle. This myopathy is triggered by stress-induced (including pressure/volume overload, inflammation, oxidative stress) responses of atrial tissue, which in the long term become maladaptive, and combine elements of both structural, especially fibrosis, and electrical remodeling, with contemporary approaches yielding potentially useful biomarkers of these processes. Biomarker value becomes greater given the fact that they can both predict atrial fibrillation occurrence and treatment outcome. This mini-review will focus on the biomarkers of atrial remodeling (both electrical and structural) and fibrosis that have been validated in human studies, including biochemical, histological and imaging approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polychronis Dilaveris
- First Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Panagiota Manolakou
- First Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Eleftherios Tsiamis
- First Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Gatzoulis
- First Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitris Tousoulis
- First Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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18
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Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and heart failure (HF) are two major causes of cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. Early diagnosis of these conditions is essential to instigate immediate treatment that may result in improved outcomes. Traditional biomarkers of AMI include cardiac troponins and other proteins released from the injured myocardium but there are a number of limitations with these biomarkers especially with regard to specificity. In the past few years circulating nucleic acids, notably microRNA that are small non-coding RNAs that regulate various cellular processes, have been investigated as biomarkers of disease offering improved sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis and prognostication of various conditions. In this review, the role of microRNAs as biomarkers used in the diagnosis of AMI and HF is discussed, their advantage over traditional biomarkers is outlined and the potential for their implementation in clinical practice is critically assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- En C Fung
- Department of Laboratory Services, Raja Isteri Pengiran Anak Saleha (RIPAS) Hospital, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Asif N Butt
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jarlath Eastwood
- Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, NHS Grampian, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Ramasamyiyer Swaminathan
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ravinder Sodi
- Department of Blood Sciences, University Hospitals of Morecambe Bay NHS Foundation Trust, Lancaster, United Kingdom; Lancaster Medical School, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom.
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19
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Li W, Liu M, Zhao C, Chen C, Kong Q, Cai Z, Li D. MiR-1/133 attenuates cardiomyocyte apoptosis and electrical remodeling in mice with viral myocarditis. Cardiol J 2019; 27:285-294. [PMID: 30994182 DOI: 10.5603/cj.a2019.0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of miR-1 and miR-133 in regulating the expression of potassium and calcium ion channels, and mediating cardiomyocyte apoptosis in mice with viral myocarditis (VMC) is investigated herein. METHODS Male Balb/c mice were randomly divided into groups: control group, VMC group, VMC + miR-1/133 mimics group, or VMC + miR-1/133 negative control (NC) group. VMC was induced with coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3). MiR-1/133 mimics ameliorated cardiac dysfunction in VMC mice and was compared to the VMC+NC group. RESULTS Hematoxylin and eosin staining showed a well-arranged myocardium without inflammatory cell infiltration in the myocardial matrix of the control group. However, in the VMC and VMC+NC groups, the myocardium was disorganized and swollen with necrosis, and the myocardial matrix was infiltrated with inflammatory cells. These changes were alleviated by miR-1/133 mimics. TUNEL staining revealed decreased cardiomyocyte apoptosis in the VMC + miR-1/133 mimics group compared with the VMC group. In addition, miR-1/133 mimics up-regulated the expression of miR-1 and miR-133, the potassium channel genes Kcnd2 and Kcnj2, as well as Bcl-2, and down-regulated the expression of the potassium channel suppressor gene Irx5, L-type calcium channel subunit gene a1c (Cacna1c), Bax, and caspase-9 in the myocardium of VMC mice. MiR-1/133 also up-regulated the protein levels of Kv4.2 and Kir2.1, and down-regulated the expression of CaV1.2 in the myocardium of VMC mice. CONCLUSIONS MiR-1 and miR-133 decreased cardiomyocyte apoptosis by mediating the expression of apoptosis-related genes in the hearts of VMC mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Biomedical Engineering Institute, School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Mengmeng Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Cuifen Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Cai Chen
- Biomedical Engineering Institute, School of Control Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qingyu Kong
- Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhifeng Cai
- Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Dong Li
- Research Room of Hypothermia Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
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20
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Khordadmehr M, Shahbazi R, Sadreddini S, Baradaran B. miR-193: A new weapon against cancer. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:16861-16872. [PMID: 30779342 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) are known as a large group of short noncoding RNAs, which structurally consist of 19-22 nucleotides in length and functionally act as one of the main regulators of gene expression in important biological and physiological contexts like cell growth, apoptosis, proliferation, differentiation, movement (cell motility), and angiogenesis as well as disease formation and progression importantly in cancer cell invasion, migration, and metastasis. Among these notable tiny molecules, many studies recently presented the important role of the miR-193 family comprising miR-193a-3p, miR-193a-5p, miR-193b-3p, and miR-193b-5p in health and disease biological processes by interaction with special targeting and signaling, which mainly contribute as a tumor suppressor. Therefore, in the present paper, we review the functional role of this miRNA family in both health and disease conditions focusing on various tumor developments, diagnoses, prognoses, and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monireh Khordadmehr
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Roya Shahbazi
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sanam Sadreddini
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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21
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Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT Circular RNAs are important regulators of multiple biological processes such as organogenesis and oncogenesis. Although the bulk of concerning studies focused on revealing their diversified roles in various types of cancers, reports began to accumulate in cardiovascular field these days. We summarize circular RNAs implicated in cardiovascular diseases, aiming to highlight the advances in the knowledge of such diseases and their potential of being promising target for diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Gong
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
| | - Gengze Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
| | - Chunyu Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
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22
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da Silva AMG, de Araújo JNG, de Oliveira KM, Novaes AEM, Lopes MB, de Sousa JCV, Filho AADA, Luchessi AD, de Rezende AA, Hirata MH, Silbiger VN. Circulating miRNAs in acute new-onset atrial fibrillation and their target mRNA network. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2018; 29:1159-1166. [PMID: 29676832 DOI: 10.1111/jce.13612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 04/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation (AF), acting on development and progression. Our pilot study investigated the expression of six miRNAs and their miRNA-mRNA interactions in patients with acute new-onset AF, well-controlled AF, and normal sinus rhythm (controls). METHODS AND RESULTS Plasma of acute new-onset AF patients (n = 5) was collected in the emergency room when patients presented with irregular and fast-atrial fibrillation rhythm. Samples from well-controlled AF (n = 16) and control (n = 15) patients were collected during medical appointments following an ECG. Expression of miR-21, miR-133a, miR-133b, miR-150, miR-328, and miR-499 was analyzed by real-time PCR. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis and the TargetScan database identified the top 30 mRNA targets of these miRNA, seeking the miRNA-mRNA interactions in cardiovascular process. Increased expression of miR-133b (1.4-fold), miR-328 (2.0-fold), and miR-499 (2.3-fold) was observed in patients with acute new-onset AF, compared with well-controlled AF and control patients. Decreased expression of miR-21 was seen in patients with well-controlled AF compared to those with acute new-onset AF and controls (0.6-fold). The miRNA-mRNA interaction demonstrated that SMAD7 and FASLG genes were the targets of miR-21, miR-133b, and miR-499 and were directly related to AF, being involved in apoptosis and fibrosis. CONCLUSION The miRNAs had different expression profiles dependent on the AF condition, with higher expression in the acute new-onset AF than well-controlled AF. Clinically, this may contribute to an effective assessment for patients, leading to early detection of AF and monitoring to reduce the risk of other serious cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Katiene Macêdo de Oliveira
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Toxicology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Ana Eloísa Melo Novaes
- Department of Integrated Medicine, Hospital Onofre Lopes, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Mariana Borges Lopes
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Toxicology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Júlio César Vieira de Sousa
- Department of Integrated Medicine, Hospital Onofre Lopes, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | | | - André Ducati Luchessi
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Toxicology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Adriana Augusto de Rezende
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Toxicology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Mário Hiroyuki Hirata
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vivian Nogueira Silbiger
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Toxicology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
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23
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Boštjančič E, Brandner T, Zidar N, Glavač D, Štajer D. Down-regulation of miR-133a/b in patients with myocardial infarction correlates with the presence of ventricular fibrillation. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 99:65-71. [PMID: 29324314 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators of physiologic and pathologic conditions of the heart. Animal models of heart diseases have shown that miRNAs may contribute to the development of arrhythmias. However, little is known about the expression of muscle- and cardiac-specific miRNAs in patients with myocardial infarction (MI) who have developed ventricular fibrillation (VF). Our study included 47 patients who had died from myocardial infarction (MI), 23 with clinically proven VF and 24 without VF. Autopsy samples of infarcted tissue and remote myocardium were available (n = 94). Heart tissue from 8 healthy trauma victims was included as control. Expression of miR-1, miR-133a/b and miR-208 was analyzed using real-time PCR (qPCR). In patients with MI with VF, we observed down-regulation of miR-133a/b, and this down-regulation was even stronger 2-7 days after MI. miR-208 was up-regulated in remote myocardium irrespective of the presence of VF. Deregulation of miR-1 and miR-208 was not related to the presence of VF. Our results suggest that down-regulation of miR-133a/b might contribute to the development of VF in patients with MI. However, up-regulation of miR-1 and miR-208 in remote myocardium might play a role in cardiac remodeling after MI, at least to certain degree.
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24
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Borosch S, Dahmen E, Beckers C, Stoppe C, Buhl EM, Denecke B, Goetzenich A, Kraemer S. Characterization of extracellular vesicles derived from cardiac cells in an in vitro model of preconditioning. J Extracell Vesicles 2017; 6:1390391. [PMID: 29479396 PMCID: PMC5819478 DOI: 10.1080/20013078.2017.1390391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Preconditioning is a promising technique to protect the heart from ischaemia-reperfusion injury. In this context, the crosstalk between different cardiac cell types and especially the exchange of cardioprotective mediators has come into the focus of current research. Recently, extracellular vesicles (EVs), nano-sized structures, emerged as possible communication mediators. They are taken up by recipient cells and can alter gene expression or activate intracellular signal cascades. It has been shown that all cardiac cell types are able to secrete EVs, but so far the influence of an in vitro preconditioning stimulus on EV concentration and composition has not been investigated. Therefore, we stimulated primary cardiac myocytes and fibroblasts from neonatal rats, as well as H9c2 cells, with two known in vitro preconditioning stimuli: hypoxia or isoflurane. EVs were isolated from cell culture supernatants 48 h after stimulation by differential centrifugation and size exclusion chromatography. They were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, tunable resistive pulse sensing, miRNA array and Western blot analysis. The detected EVs had the typical cup-shaped morphology and a size of about 150 nm. No significant differences in EV concentration were observed between the different groups. The protein and miRNA load was affected by in vitro preconditioning with isoflurane or hypoxia. EV markers like Alix, CD63, flotillin-1 and especially heat shock protein 70 were significantly up-regulated by the treatments. Several miRNAs like miR-92b-3p, miR-761 and miR-101a-5p were also significantly affected. A migration assay confirmed the physiological benefit of these EVs. Taken together, our findings show that a model of in vitro preconditioning of cardiac cells does not influence EV concentration but strongly regulates the EV cargo and affects migration. This might indicate a role for EV-mediated communication in isoflurane- and hypoxia-induced in vitro preconditioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Borosch
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- Cardiovascular Critical Care & Anesthesia research and evaluation (3CARE), University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Eva Dahmen
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- Cardiovascular Critical Care & Anesthesia research and evaluation (3CARE), University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Christian Beckers
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- Cardiovascular Critical Care & Anesthesia research and evaluation (3CARE), University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Christian Stoppe
- Cardiovascular Critical Care & Anesthesia research and evaluation (3CARE), University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Eva Miriam Buhl
- Electron Microscopy Facility, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Bernd Denecke
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Andreas Goetzenich
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- Cardiovascular Critical Care & Anesthesia research and evaluation (3CARE), University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Sandra Kraemer
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
- Cardiovascular Critical Care & Anesthesia research and evaluation (3CARE), University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
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Yi F, Shang Y, Li B, Dai S, Wu W, Cheng L, Wang X. MicroRNA-193-5p modulates angiogenesis through IGF2 in type 2 diabetic cardiomyopathy. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 491:876-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.07.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Nie L, Zhao Y, Luo H, Hu X, Zhang L, Liang H. MiR-20 regulates myocardiac ischemia by targeting KATP subunit Kir6.1. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 37:486-90. [DOI: 10.1007/s11596-017-1761-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Buran İ, Etem EÖ, Tektemur A, Elyas H. Treatment with TREK1 and TRPC3/6 ion channel inhibitors upregulates microRNA expression in a mouse model of chronic mild stress. Neurosci Lett 2017; 656:51-57. [PMID: 28716528 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Depression is a common mental disorder characterized by the mood of deep sadness. Recent studies have demonstrated that microRNAs and ion channels have significant roles in the etiopathogenesis of depression. Therefore, we investigated the effects of the TREK1 ion channel inhibitor anandamide and the TRPC3/6 inhibitor norgestimate on microRNA expression and antidepressant effect in the mouse chronic mild stress (CMS) model of depression. Male BALB/c mice were divided into groups as control, CMS, CMS+sertraline, CMS+anandamide, CMS+sertraline+anandamide, CMS+norgestimate and CMS+sertraline+norgestimate. Forced swim test (FST) and Sucrose Preference Test (SPT) were utilized to assess depression levels. Anandamide and norgestimate were administered subcutaneously (5mg/kg/day), and sertraline was applied intraperitoneally (10mg/kg/day) for two days during FST. miRNA and ion channel gene expression levels in the prefrontal cortex were assessed with qRT-PCR. qRT-PCR results demonstrated that there was a significant increase in miR-9-5p, miR-128-1-5p, and miR-382-5p, and a significant decrease in miR-16-5p, miR-129-5p, and miR-219a-5p in the CMS group compared with the control group. Generally, anandamide and norgestimate significantly increased all miRNA expression. It was also determined that anandamide and norgestimate had an antidepressant action in FST when used alone and especially when used in conjunction with sertraline. Based on the study results, it could be argued that an increase in miR-9-5p and miR-128-1-5p, consistent with the literature, could play significant roles in the etiopathogenesis of depression. The antidepressant action of anandamide and norgesimate in FST showed for the first time that these inhibitors could be used as in conjuction with sertraline in depression treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- İlay Buran
- Fırat University, Faculty of Medicine, Departmant of Medical Biology, 23000, Elazığ, Turkey.
| | - Ebru Önalan Etem
- Fırat University, Faculty of Medicine, Departmant of Medical Biology, 23000, Elazığ, Turkey.
| | - Ahmet Tektemur
- Fırat University, Faculty of Medicine, Departmant of Medical Biology, 23000, Elazığ, Turkey.
| | - Halit Elyas
- Fırat University, Faculty of Medicine, Departmant of Medical Biology, 23000, Elazığ, Turkey.
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Wu Y, Li J, Xu L, Lin L, Chen Y. Mechanistic and therapeutic perspectives for cardiac arrhythmias: beyond ion channels. Sci China Life Sci 2017; 60:348-55. [DOI: 10.1007/s11427-016-9005-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Abstract
This study aims to investigate microRNA-195 (miR-195) expression in myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury and the roles of miR-195 in cardiomyocyte apoptosis though targeting Bcl-2. A mouse model of I/R injury was established. MiR- 195 expression levels were detected by real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR), and the cardiomyocyte apoptosis was detected by TUNEL assay. After cardiomyocytes isolated from neonatal rats and transfected with miR-195 mimic or inhibitor, the hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury model was established. Cardiomyocyte apoptosis and mitochondrial membrane potential were evaluated using flow cytometry. Bcl-2 and Bax mRNA expressions were detected by RT-PCR. Bcl-2, Bax and cytochrome c (Cyt-c) protein levels were determined by Western blot. Caspase-3 and caspase-9 activities were assessed by luciferase assay. Compared with the sham group, miR-195 expression levels and rate of cardiomyocyte apoptosis increased significantly in I/R group (both P < 0.05). Compared to H/R + negative control (NC) group, rate of cardiomyocyte apoptosis increased in H/R + miR-195 mimic group while decreased in H/R + miR-195 inhibitor group (both P <0.05). MiR-195 knockdown alleviated the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (P <0.05). MiR-195 overexpression decreased Bcl-2 mRNA and protein expression, increased BaxmRNA and protein expression, Cyt-c protein expression and caspase-3 and caspase-9 activities (all P <0.05).While, downregulated MiR-195 increased Bcl-2 mRNA and protein expression, decreased Bax mRNA and protein expression, Cyt-c protein expression and caspase-3 and caspase-9 activities (all P < 0.05). Our study identified that miR-195 expression was upregulated in myocardial I/R injury, and miR-195 overexpression may promote cardiomyocyte apoptosis by targeting Bcl-2 and inducing mitochondrial apoptotic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Kui Gao
- Department of Emergency, Longnan Hospital of Daqing, Daqing 163001, People's Republic of
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Novak J, Sana J, Stracina T, Novakova M, Slaby O. Doxorubicin and Liposomal Doxorubicin Differentially Affect Expression of miR-208a and let-7g in Rat Ventricles and Atria. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2017; 17:355-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s12012-016-9393-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Morishima M, Iwata E, Nakada C, Tsukamoto Y, Takanari H, Miyamoto S, Moriyama M, Ono K. Atrial Fibrillation-Mediated Upregulation of miR-30d Regulates Myocardial Electrical Remodeling of the G-Protein-Gated K(+) Channel, IK.ACh. Circ J 2016; 80:1346-55. [PMID: 27180889 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-15-1276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atrial fibrillation (AF) begets AF in part due to atrial remodeling, the molecular mechanisms of which have not been completely elucidated. This study was conducted to identify microRNA(s) responsible for electrical remodeling in AF. METHODS AND RESULTS The expression profiles of 1205 microRNAs, in cardiomyocytes from patients with persistent AF and from age-, gender-, and cardiac function-matched control patients with normal sinus rhythm, were examined by use of a microRNA microarray platform. Thirty-nine microRNAs differentially expressed in AF patients' atria were identified, including miR-30d, as a candidate responsible for ion channel remodeling by in silico analysis. MiR-30d was significantly upregulated in cardiomyocytes from AF patients, whereas the mRNA and protein levels ofCACNA1C/Cav1.2 andKCNJ3/Kir3.1, postulated targets of miR-30d, were markedly reduced.KCNJ3/Kir3.1 expression was downregulated by transfection of the miR-30 precursor, concomitant with a reduction of the acetylcholine-sensitive inward-rectifier K(+)current (IK.ACh).KCNJ3/Kir3.1 (but notCACNA1C/Cav1.2) expression was enhanced by the knockdown of miR-30d. The Ca(2+)ionophore, A23187, induced a dose-dependent upregulation of miR-30d, followed by the suppression ofKCNJ3mRNA expression. Blockade of protein kinase C signaling blunted the [Ca(2+)]i-dependent downregulation of Kir3.1 via miR-30d. CONCLUSIONS The downward remodeling ofIK.AChis attributed, at least in part, to deranged Ca(2+)handling, leading to the upregulation of miR-30d in human AF, revealing a novel post-transcriptional regulation ofIK.ACh. (Circ J 2016; 80: 1346-1355).
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Morishima
- Department of Pathophysiology, Oita University School of Medicine
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Abstract
The cardiac Na(+) channel (Nav1.5) conducts a depolarizing inward Na(+) current that is responsible for the generation of the upstroke Phase 0 of the action potential. In heart tissue, changes in Na(+) currents can affect conduction velocity and impulse propagation. The cardiac Nav1.5 is also involved in determination of the action potential duration, since some channels may reopen during the plateau phase, generating a persistent or late inward current. Mutations of cardiac Nav1.5 can induce gain or loss of channel function because of an increased late current or a decrease of peak current, respectively. Gain-of-function mutations cause Long QT syndrome type 3 and possibly atrial fibrillation, while loss-of-function channel mutations are associated with a wider variety of phenotypes, such as Brugada syndrome, cardiac conduction disease, dilated cardiomyopathy, and sick sinus node syndrome. The penetrance and phenotypes resulting from Nav1.5 mutations also vary with age, gender, body temperature, circadian rhythm, and between regions of the heart. This phenotypic variability makes it difficult to correlate genotype-phenotype. We propose that mutations are only one contributor to the phenotype and additional modifications on Nav1.5 lead to the phenotypic variability. Possible modifiers include other genetic variations and alterations in the life cycle of Nav1.5 such as gene transcription, RNA processing, translation, posttranslational modifications, trafficking, complex assembly, and degradation. In this chapter, we summarize potential modifiers of cardiac Nav1.5 that could help explain the clinically observed phenotypic variability. Consideration of these modifiers could help improve genotype-phenotype correlations and lead to new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Liu
- The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - K-C Yang
- The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - S C Dudley
- The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
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Li Y, Cai X, Guan Y, Wang L, Wang S, Li Y, Fu Y, Gao X, Su G. Adiponectin Upregulates MiR-133a in Cardiac Hypertrophy through AMPK Activation and Reduced ERK1/2 Phosphorylation. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0148482. [PMID: 26845040 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin and miR-133a are key regulators in cardiac hypertrophy. However, whether APN has a potential effect on miR-133a remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether APN could regulate miR-133a expression in Angiotensin II (Ang II) induced cardiac hypertrophy in vivo and in vitro. Lentiviral-mediated adiponectin treatment attenuated cardiac hypertrophy induced by Ang II infusion in male wistar rats as determined by reduced cell surface area and mRNA levels of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANF) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), also the reduced left ventricular end-diastolic posterior wall thickness (LVPWd) and end-diastolic interventricular septal thickness (IVSd). Meanwhile, APN elevated miR-133a level which was downregulated by Ang II. To further investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms, we treated neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVMs) with recombinant rat APN before Ang II stimulation. Pretreating cells with recombinant APN promoted AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation and inhibited ERK activation. By using the inhibitor of AMPK or a lentiviral vector expressing AMPK short hairpin RNA (shRNA) cancelled the positive effect of APN on miR-133a. The ERK inhibitor PD98059 reversed the downregulation of miR-133a induced by Ang II. These results indicated that the AMPK activation and ERK inhibition were responsible for the positive effect of APN on miR-133a. Furthermore, adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1) mRNA expression was inhibited by Ang II stimulation. The positive effects of APN on AMPK activation and miR-133a, and the inhibitory effect on ERK phosphorylation were inhibited in NRVMs transfected with lentiviral AdipoR1shRNA. In addition, APN depressed the elevated expression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), a direct target of miR-133a, through the AMPK pathway. Taken together, our data indicated that APN reversed miR-133a levels through AMPK activation, reduced ERK1/2 phosphorylation in cardiomyocytes stimulated with Ang II, revealing a previously undemonstrated and important link between APN and miR-133a.
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Li X, Hu H, Wang Y, Xue M, Li X, Cheng W, Xuan Y, Yin J, Yang N, Yan S. Valsartan ameliorates KIR2.1 in rats with myocardial infarction via the NF-κB-miR-16 pathway. Gene 2015; 590:201-9. [PMID: 26654716 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs have an important role in regulating arrhythmogenesis. MicroRNA-16 (miR-16) is predicted to target KCNJ2. The regulation of miR-16 is primarily due to NF-κB. Whether valsartan could downregulate miR-16 via the inhibition of NF-κB after MI and whether miR-16 targets KCNJ2 remain unclear. METHODS MI rats received valsartan or saline for 7days. The protein levels of NF-κB p65, inhibitor κBα (IκBα), and Kir2.1 were detected by Western blot analysis. The mRNA levels of Kir2.1 and miR-16 were examined by quantitative real-time PCR. Whole cell patch-clamp techniques were applied to record IK1. RESULTS MiR-16 expression was higher in the infarct border, and was accompanied by a depressed IK1/KIR2.1 level. Additionally, miR-16 overexpression suppressed KCNJ2/KIR2.1 expression. In contrast, miR-16 inhibition or binding-site mutation enhanced KCNJ2/KIR2.1 expression, establishing KCNJ2 as a miR-16 target. In the MI rats, compared to saline treatment, valsartan reduced NF-κB p65 and miR-16 expression and increased IκBα and Kir2.1 expression. In vitro, angiotensin II increased miR-16 expression and valsartan inhibited it. Overexpressing miR-16 in cells treated with valsartan abrogated its beneficial effect on KCNJ2/Kir2.1. NF-κB activation directly upregulates miR-16 expression. CONCLUSIONS miR-16 controls KCNJ2 expression, and valsartan ameliorates Kir2.1 after MI partly depending on the NF-κB-miR-16 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinran Li
- School of Medicine, Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Hesheng Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Qianfoshan Hospital of Shandong Province, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Ye Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Qianfoshan Hospital of Shandong Province, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Mei Xue
- Department of Cardiology, Qianfoshan Hospital of Shandong Province, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaolu Li
- Department of Cardiology, Qianfoshan Hospital of Shandong Province, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Wenjuan Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Qianfoshan Hospital of Shandong Province, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Yongli Xuan
- School of Medicine, Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Jie Yin
- School of Medicine, Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Na Yang
- School of Medicine, Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong, China
| | - Suhua Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Qianfoshan Hospital of Shandong Province, Ji'nan, Shandong, China.
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Sygitowicz G, Tomaniak M, Błaszczyk O, Kołtowski Ł, Filipiak KJ, Sitkiewicz D. Circulating microribonucleic acids miR-1, miR-21 and miR-208a in patients with symptomatic heart failure: Preliminary results. Arch Cardiovasc Dis 2015; 108:634-42. [PMID: 26498537 DOI: 10.1016/j.acvd.2015.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Revised: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiomyocytes produce a wide variety of bioactive molecules that regulate numerous physiological and pathophysiological processes. Recently, it has been recognized that changes in microribonucleic acid (miRNA) expression may lead to cardiac dysfunction. AIMS To assess the expression of circulating miRNAs (miR-1, miR-21 and miR-208a) in patients with symptomatic heart failure (HF), and to investigate the relationship between expression of these miRNAs and secretion of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and galectin-3. METHODS Thirty-five patients in New York Heart Association (NYHA) class II/III (age: 68.8 ± 13.0 years) and 26 patients in NYHA class IV (age: 72.0 ± 10.4 years) hospitalized in the intensive coronary care unit participated in the study. Serum concentrations of miRNAs were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Basic biochemical assays were carried out, and NT-proBNP and galectin-3 concentrations were measured in all serum samples. RESULTS miR-1 was downregulated in patients with symptomatic HF and its expression decreased with severity of NYHA class (P=0.007). In contrast, overexpression of miR-21 was seen in all patients, independent of HF severity. Results suggest no miR-208a leakage into the circulation in patients with symptomatic HF. There was an inverse relationship between miR-1 expression and NT-proBNP concentration (Spearman's rank correlation coefficient [r]=-0.389; P=0.023) in patients in NYHA class II/III. Overexpression of miR-21 correlated significantly with galectin-3 concentration (r=0.422; P=0.032). CONCLUSION Dysregulation of miR-1 and miR-21 expression may be essential for the development of HF; miR-1 might become a biomarker for predicting HF exacerbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grażyna Sygitowicz
- Department of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Mariusz Tomaniak
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Olga Błaszczyk
- Department of Pharmacogenomics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Łukasz Kołtowski
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof J Filipiak
- 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dariusz Sitkiewicz
- Department of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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Ding XQ, Ge PC, Liu Z, Jia H, Chen X, An FH, Li LH, Chen ZH, Mao HW, Li ZY, Gu Y, Zhu TB, Li CJ, Wang LS, Ma WZ, Yang ZJ, Jia EZ. Interaction between microRNA expression and classical risk factors in the risk of coronary heart disease. Sci Rep 2015; 5:14925. [PMID: 26446730 PMCID: PMC4597355 DOI: 10.1038/srep14925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify the synergistic effect of microRNA expression with classical risk factors of coronary heart disease (CHD) and to explore their diagnostic value for coronary stenotic lesions in subjects with CHD. Plasma samples were obtained from 66 subjects with CHD and from 58 control individuals. A quantitative reverse-transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) assay was conducted to confirm the relative expressions of the known CHD-related miRNAs. The severity of coronary atherosclerosis was based on the Gensini scoring system. The expression of miR-125b in plasma of the CHD group was lower than that of the non-CHD group (0.14 ± 0.09 vs. 0.18 ± 0.10, p = 0.055), and the miR-125b levels significantly decreased following an increasing Gensini score (P = 0.037). Spearman correlation analyses indicated the Gensini score was negatively associated with miR-125b (r = −0.215, p = 0.017). Of all the miRNAs, miR-125b showed the lowest AUC (0.405; 95% CI: 0.305 ~ 0.506, p = 0.070). We found several synergistic effects between miR-125b and classical risk factors, such as age, sex, CR, FBG and HDL-C; the proportion of CHD attributable to the interaction of miR-125b and age was as high as 80%. Therefore, miR-125b was shown to play an important role in individual’s susceptibility to developing CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qing Ding
- First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Peng-Cheng Ge
- First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhe Liu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Heng Jia
- Kangda school, Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang 222000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Feng-Hui An
- Friendship Hospital of Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture, Yining 835000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Li-Hua Li
- Friendship Hospital of Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture, Yining 835000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Zhao-Hong Chen
- Friendship Hospital of Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture, Yining 835000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Hong-Wei Mao
- Friendship Hospital of Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture, Yining 835000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Zhao-Yang Li
- First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yan Gu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Tie-Bing Zhu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chun-Jian Li
- First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lian-Sheng Wang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wen-Zhu Ma
- First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhi-Jian Yang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - En-Zhi Jia
- First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
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Wang X, Wang HX, Li YL, Zhang CC, Zhou CY, Wang L, Xia YL, Du J, Li HH. MicroRNA Let-7i negatively regulates cardiac inflammation and fibrosis. Hypertension 2015; 66:776-85. [PMID: 26259595 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.115.05548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Angiotensin II stimulates fibroblast proliferation and substantially alters gene expression patterns leading to cardiac remodeling, but the mechanisms for such differences are unknown. MicroRNAs are a novel mechanism for gene expression regulation. Herein, we tested the miRNA and mRNA expression patterns in mouse heart using microarray assay and investigated their role in angiotensin II-induced cardiac remodeling. We found that let-7i was dynamically downregulated in angiotensin II-infused heart at day 3 and 7 and had the most targets that were mainly associated with cardiac inflammation and fibrosis. Overexpression or knockdown of let-7i in cultured cardiac fibroblasts demonstrated that let-7i played an inhibitory effect on the expression of its targets interleukin-6 and collagens. Furthermore, delivery of let-7i to mouse significantly inhibited angiotensin II-induced cardiac inflammation and fibrosis in a dose-dependent manner. Conversely, knockdown of let-7i aggravated this effect. Together, our results clearly demonstrate that let-7i acts as a novel negative regulator of angiotensin II-induced cardiac inflammation and fibrosis by suppressing the expression of interleukin-6 and multiple collagens in the heart and may represent a new potential therapeutic target for treating hypertensive cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Wang
- From the Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences (X.W., H.-X.W., C.-Y.Z., H.-H.L.) and Beijing AnZhen Hospital, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases (Y.-L.L., C.-C.Z., J.D., H.-H.L.), Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; and Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China (L.W., Y.-L.X.)
| | - Hong-Xia Wang
- From the Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences (X.W., H.-X.W., C.-Y.Z., H.-H.L.) and Beijing AnZhen Hospital, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases (Y.-L.L., C.-C.Z., J.D., H.-H.L.), Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; and Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China (L.W., Y.-L.X.)
| | - Yu-Lin Li
- From the Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences (X.W., H.-X.W., C.-Y.Z., H.-H.L.) and Beijing AnZhen Hospital, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases (Y.-L.L., C.-C.Z., J.D., H.-H.L.), Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; and Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China (L.W., Y.-L.X.)
| | - Cong-Cong Zhang
- From the Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences (X.W., H.-X.W., C.-Y.Z., H.-H.L.) and Beijing AnZhen Hospital, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases (Y.-L.L., C.-C.Z., J.D., H.-H.L.), Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; and Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China (L.W., Y.-L.X.)
| | - Chun-Yu Zhou
- From the Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences (X.W., H.-X.W., C.-Y.Z., H.-H.L.) and Beijing AnZhen Hospital, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases (Y.-L.L., C.-C.Z., J.D., H.-H.L.), Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; and Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China (L.W., Y.-L.X.)
| | - Lei Wang
- From the Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences (X.W., H.-X.W., C.-Y.Z., H.-H.L.) and Beijing AnZhen Hospital, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases (Y.-L.L., C.-C.Z., J.D., H.-H.L.), Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; and Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China (L.W., Y.-L.X.)
| | - Yun-Long Xia
- From the Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences (X.W., H.-X.W., C.-Y.Z., H.-H.L.) and Beijing AnZhen Hospital, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases (Y.-L.L., C.-C.Z., J.D., H.-H.L.), Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; and Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China (L.W., Y.-L.X.).
| | - Jie Du
- From the Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences (X.W., H.-X.W., C.-Y.Z., H.-H.L.) and Beijing AnZhen Hospital, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases (Y.-L.L., C.-C.Z., J.D., H.-H.L.), Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; and Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China (L.W., Y.-L.X.).
| | - Hui-Hua Li
- From the Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences (X.W., H.-X.W., C.-Y.Z., H.-H.L.) and Beijing AnZhen Hospital, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases (Y.-L.L., C.-C.Z., J.D., H.-H.L.), Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; and Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China (L.W., Y.-L.X.).
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Orenes-piñero E, Quintana-giner M, Romero-aniorte AI, Valdés M, Marín F. Novel biomarkers in cardiology: MicroRNAs in atrial fibrillation. Archivos de Cardiología de México 2015; 85:225-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.acmx.2015.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Revised: 01/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Lozano-Velasco E, Galiano-Torres J, Jodar-Garcia A, Aranega AE, Franco D. miR-27 and miR-125 Distinctly Regulate Muscle-Enriched Transcription Factors in Cardiac and Skeletal Myocytes. Biomed Res Int 2015; 2015:391306. [PMID: 26221592 DOI: 10.1155/2015/391306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs are noncoding RNAs of approximately 22–24 nucleotides which are capable of interacting with the 3′ untranslated region of coding RNAs (mRNAs), leading to mRNA degradation and/or protein translation blockage. In recent years, differential microRNA expression in distinct cardiac development and disease contexts has been widely reported, yet the role of individual microRNAs in these settings remains largely unknown. We provide herein evidence of the role of miR-27 and miR-125 regulating distinct muscle-enriched transcription factors. Overexpression of miR-27 leads to impair expression of Mstn and Myocd in HL1 atrial cardiomyocytes but not in Sol8 skeletal muscle myoblasts, while overexpression of miR-125 resulted in selective upregulation of Mef2d in HL1 atrial cardiomyocytes and downregulation in Sol8 cells. Taken together our data demonstrate that a single microRNA, that is, miR-27 or miR-125, can selectively upregulate and downregulate discrete number of target mRNAs in a cell-type specific manner.
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Poudel P, Xu Y, Cui Z, Sharma D, Tian B, Paudel S. Atrial fibrillation: recent advances in understanding the role of microRNAs in atrial remodeling with an electrophysiological overview. Cardiology 2015; 131:58-67. [PMID: 25871909 DOI: 10.1159/000375403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 01/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a highly prevalent condition associated with pronounced cardiovascular-related morbidity, mortality and socioeconomic burden. It accounts for more hospitalization days than does any other arrhythmia. This article reviews the basic electrophysiology of AF, electrical and structural remodeling in AF and recent advances in understanding the molecular mechanisms of AF in relation to specific microRNAs. This paper also reviews the potential role of microRNAs as novel therapeutic targets as well as biomarkers in the management of AF. AF shows characteristics typical of altered electrophysiology that promote ectopic activity and facilitate reentry, thereby contributing to the progression from short paroxysmal AF to a persistent, permanent form via atrial remodeling, even in the absence of progressive underlying heart disease. MicroRNAs have been suggested to influence the development of AF by regulating gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Increasing evidence has identified various microRNA modifications and their impacts on AF initiation and maintenance through electrical and structural remodeling. The discovery of specific microRNAs as novel therapeutic targets and some experimental evidence implicating microRNAs as potential molecular diagnostic markers have had a significant impact on the diagnosis and management of AF and demand further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Poudel
- International College of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, PR China
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Liu T, Zhong S, Rao F, Xue Y, Qi Z, Wu S. Catheter ablation restores decreased plasma miR-409-3p and miR-432 in atrial fibrillation patients. Europace 2015; 18:92-9. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euu366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Vilches JM, Franco D, Aránega AE. Contribution of miRNAs to ion-channel remodelling in atrial fibrillation. World J Hypertens 2015; 5:6-13. [DOI: 10.5494/wjh.v5.i1.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Revised: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most commonly encountered clinical arrhythmia associated with pronounced mortality and morbidity, which are related to palpitations, fainting, congestive heart failure, and stroke. Prolonged episodes of AF promote AF persistence mainly due to electrical remodelling that alters ion-channel expression and/or function. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a new class of non-coding mRNAs of around 22 nucleotides in length, have recently emerged as one of the key players in the gene-expression regulatory networks. The potential roles of miRNAs in controlling AF have recently been investigated. Several recent studies have provided promising results for a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of AF. In this review, we summarize the mechanism of miRNAs as regulators of ion-channel gene expression and their role in causing AF through electrical remodelling.
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Monfredi O, Boyett MR. Sick sinus syndrome and atrial fibrillation in older persons - A view from the sinoatrial nodal myocyte. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2015; 83:88-100. [PMID: 25668431 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2015.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Revised: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Sick sinus syndrome remains a highly relevant clinical entity, being responsible for the implantation of the majority of electronic pacemakers worldwide. It is an infinitely more complex disease than it was believed when first described in the mid part of the 20th century. It not only involves the innate leading pacemaker region of the heart, the sinoatrial node, but also the atrial myocardium, predisposing to atrial tachydysrhythmias. It remains controversial as to whether the dysfunction of the sinoatrial node directly causes the dysfunction of the atrial myocardium, or vice versa, or indeed whether these two aspects of the condition arise through some related underlying pathological mechanism, such as extracellular matrix remodeling, i.e., fibrosis. This review aims to shed new light on the myriad possible contributing factors in the development of sick sinus syndrome, with a particular focus on the sinoatrial nodal myocyte. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled CV Aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Monfredi
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, 46 Grafton Street, Manchester M13 9NT, UK.
| | - M R Boyett
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, 46 Grafton Street, Manchester M13 9NT, UK
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Sun L, Sun S, Zeng S, Li Y, Pan W, Zhang Z. Expression of circulating microRNA-1 and microRNA-133 in pediatric patients with tachycardia. Mol Med Rep 2015; 11:4039-46. [PMID: 25625292 PMCID: PMC4394928 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Paroxysmal or persistent tachycardia in pediatric patients is a common disease. Certain circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have been associated with arrhythmia. The present study investigated miRNAs in the plasma of pediatric patients with tachycardia. Forty pediatric subjects were included retrospectively: 24 with recurrent sustained tachycardia [seven cases of ventricular tachycardia (VT) and 17 cases of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT)] and 16 healthy controls. Circulating miR-1 and miR-133 in the plasma were detected by fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction. miR-1 levels were significantly decreased in the arrhythmia group compared with those in the controls (P=0.004) whilst miR-133 expression levels were not significantly different between the two groups (P=0.456). Both miR-1 and miR-133 levels showed significant differences between the SVT and VT groups (P=0.004 and P=0.046, respectively), and a significant decrease in miR-1 levels was observed in the SVT group as compared with the controls (P<0.001). No significant difference was observed in the expression levels of miR-133. By contrast, miR-133 levels were significantly increased in the VT group compared with those in the controls (P=0.024), whereas no statistically significant difference was observed in the expression levels of miR-1. Receiver operating characteristic curves showed that 1/miR-1 was significant for the evaluation of tachycardia. Additionally, miR-1 produced enhanced sensitivity and specificity for the evaluation of SVT compared with miR-133, whereas miR-133 was a better marker to assess VT. This study demonstrated that miRNAs may be appropriate markers for pediatric tachycardia; miR-1 levels were decreased in the arrhythmia group compared with those in the healthy controls. Furthermore, patients with SVT had lower miR-1 expression levels while those with VT had higher miR-133 expression levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Shuo Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Shaoying Zeng
- Department of Pediatrics, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Yufen Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Wei Pan
- Department of Pediatrics, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Zhiwei Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
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Martinez SR, Gay MS, Zhang L. Epigenetic mechanisms in heart development and disease. Drug Discov Today 2015; 20:799-811. [PMID: 25572405 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2014.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Revised: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Suboptimal intrauterine development has been linked to predisposition to cardiovascular disease in adulthood, a concept termed 'developmental origins of health and disease'. Although the exact mechanisms underlying this developmental programming are unknown, a growing body of evidence supports the involvement of epigenetic regulation. Epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation, histone modifications and micro-RNA confer added levels of gene regulation without altering DNA sequences. These modifications are relatively stable signals, offering possible insight into the mechanisms underlying developmental origins of health and disease. This review will discuss the role of epigenetic mechanisms in heart development as well as aberrant epigenetic regulation contributing to cardiovascular disease. Additionally, we will address recent advances targeting epigenetic mechanisms as potential therapeutic approaches to cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannalee R Martinez
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Maresha S Gay
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Lubo Zhang
- Center for Perinatal Biology, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA.
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Liu WJ, Xu Q, Sun LP, Dong QG, He CY, Yuan Y. Expression of serum let-7c, let-7i, and let-7f microRNA with its target gene, pepsinogen C, in gastric cancer and precancerous disease. Tumour Biol. 2015;36:3337-3343. [PMID: 25549793 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2967-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study examined the expression patterns of serum let-7 microRNA (miRNA) and its target gene, pepsinogen C (PGC), in gastric cancer (GC) and precancerous disease patients to evaluate their diagnostic efficiency for GC and its precursor and to investigate any correlation between the two. Serum samples were taken from 638 patients, including 214 GC patients, 222 atrophic gastritis (AG) patients, and 202 controls (CON). The expression of serum let-7 miRNA was detected in control-AG (precancerous disease) through to GC patients using quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Serum PGC was determined by enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assay. PGC expression in situ was detected by immunohistochemistry staining. The luciferase reporter gene system was used to verify correlation between let-7 miRNA and its predicted target gene. The results showed that serum let-7c, let-7i, and let-7f demonstrated significant differences in the CON-AG-GC sequence (P = 0.017, P < 0.001, P = 0.003, respectively); let-7c was significantly lower in the AG group, and let-7i and let-7f were significantly higher in the GC group. Significantly different expressions of serum PGC were found among the three diseases, and also between AG vs. CON, and GC vs. CON (P = 0.027, P = 0.001, respectively). Linear-regression analysis suggested that serum let-7c was negatively correlated to the expression of PGC (r = -0.096, P = 0.047), and serum let-7c, let-7i, and let-7f showed no association with PGC expression in tissue. In addition, serum let-7c, let-7f, and let-7i showed significant correlations with environment factors. Serum let-7c, let-7i, and let-7f demonstrated significant differences in the CON-AG-GC disease sequence indicating that let-7 miRNA might have value by serving as potential biomarker in the diagnosis of GC or its precancerous diseases. There were significant negative correlations between serum let-7c and its target gene PGC expression.
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Lee S, Choi E, Cha MJ, Hwang KC. Looking into a conceptual framework of ROS-miRNA-atrial fibrillation. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:21754-76. [PMID: 25431922 PMCID: PMC4284676 DOI: 10.3390/ijms151221754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Revised: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) has been recognized as a major cause of cardiovascular-related morbidity and mortality. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) represent recent additions to the collection of biomolecules involved in arrhythmogenesis. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been independently linked to both AF and miRNA regulation. However, no attempts have been made to investigate the possibility of a framework composed of ROS–miRNA–AF that is related to arrhythmia development. Therefore, this review was designed as an attempt to offer a new approach to understanding AF pathogenesis. The aim of this review was to find and to summarize possible connections that exist among AF, miRNAs and ROS to understand the interactions among the molecular entities underlying arrhythmia development in the hopes of finding unappreciated mechanisms of AF. These findings may lead us to innovative therapies for AF, which can be a life-threatening heart condition. A systemic literature review indicated that miRNAs associated with AF might be regulated by ROS, suggesting the possibility that miRNAs translate cellular stressors, such as ROS, into AF pathogenesis. Further studies with a more appropriate experimental design to either prove or disprove the existence of an ROS–miRNA–AF framework are strongly encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seahyoung Lee
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do 210-701, Korea.
| | - Eunhyun Choi
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do 210-701, Korea.
| | - Min-Ji Cha
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do 210-701, Korea.
| | - Ki-Chul Hwang
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Gangwon-do 210-701, Korea.
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Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF), the most common sustained arrhythmia in clinical practice, is an important contributor to cardiac morbidity and mortality. Pharmacological approaches currently available to treat patients with AF lack sufficient efficacy and are associated with potential adverse effects. Even though ablation is generally more effective than pharmacotherapy, this invasive procedure has considerable potential complications and is limited by long-term recurrences. Novel therapies based on the underlying molecular mechanisms of AF can provide useful alternatives to current treatments. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), endogenous short RNA sequences that regulate gene expression, have been implicated in the control of AF, providing novel insights into the molecular basis of the pathogenesis of AF and suggesting miRNA targeting as a potential approach for the management of this common arrhythmia. In this Review, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the current experimental evidence supporting miRNAs as important factors in AF and discuss their therapeutic implications. We first provide background information on the pathophysiology of AF and the biological determinants of miRNA synthesis and action, followed by experimental evidence for miRNA-mediated regulation of AF, and finally provide a comprehensive overview of miRNAs as potential novel therapeutic targets for AF.
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Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a highly prevalent arrhythmia with pronounced morbidity and mortality. Genetics analysis has established electrophysiological substrates, which determine individual vulnerability to AF occurrence and maintenance. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) found in virtually all organisms function as negative regulators of protein-coding genes. Several studies have suggested a role for miRNAs in the regulation of cardiac excitability and arrhythmogenesis. This review is based on 18 studies conducted between 2009 and 2013 to investigate the association of miRNAs with AF. miRNAs are discussed here as candidate biomarkers for AF in blood and cardiac tissues and as potential targets for AF therapy.
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Slagsvold KH, Johnsen AB, Rognmo O, Høydal M, Wisløff U, Wahba A. Comparison of left versus right atrial myocardium in patients with sinus rhythm or atrial fibrillation - an assessment of mitochondrial function and microRNA expression. Physiol Rep 2014; 2:2/8/e12124. [PMID: 25168873 PMCID: PMC4246587 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.12124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Several of the cellular alterations involved in atrial fibrillation (AF) may be linked to mitochondrial function and altered microRNA (miR) expression. A majority of studies on human myocardium involve right atrial (RA) tissue only. There are indications that AF may affect the two atria differentially. This study aimed to compare interatrial differences in mitochondrial respiration and miR expression in the RA versus left atrium (LA) within patients with sinus rhythm (SR) and AF. Thirty‐seven patients with AF (n = 21) or SR (n = 16), undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery and/or heart valve surgery, were included. Myocardial biopsies were obtained from RA and LA appendages. Mitochondrial respiration was assessed in situ in permeabilized myocardium. MiR array and real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction were performed to evaluate miR expression. Mitochondrial respiratory rates were similar in RA versus LA. Expression of miR‐100, ‐10b, ‐133a, ‐133b, ‐146a, ‐155, ‐199a‐5p, ‐208b, and ‐30b were different between the atria in both SR and AF patients. In contrast, differential expression was observed between RA versus LA for miR‐93 in patients with SR only, and for miR‐1, ‐125b, ‐142‐5p, ‐208a, and ‐92b within AF patients only. These results indicate that mitochondrial respiratory capacity is similar in the RA and LA of patients with SR and AF. Differences in miR expressional profiles are observed between the RA versus LA in both SR and AF, and several interatrial differences in miR expression diverge between SR and AF. These findings may contribute to the understanding of how AF pathophysiology may affect the two atria differently. There are indications that atrial fibrillation (AF) may affect the two atria differentially. We assess interatrial differences in mitochondrial respiration and microRNA expression within patients with AF versus SR. The results of our study indicate that mitochondrial respiratory capacity is similar in the right versus the left atrium of patients with SR and AF. Differences in microRNA expression are observed between the right versus left atrium in both SR and AF, and several interatrial differences in miR expression diverge between SR and AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrine Hordnes Slagsvold
- K.G. Jebsen Center of Exercise in Medicine, Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, St. Olav's Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Anne Berit Johnsen
- K.G. Jebsen Center of Exercise in Medicine, Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Oivind Rognmo
- K.G. Jebsen Center of Exercise in Medicine, Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Morten Høydal
- K.G. Jebsen Center of Exercise in Medicine, Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ulrik Wisløff
- K.G. Jebsen Center of Exercise in Medicine, Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Alexander Wahba
- K.G. Jebsen Center of Exercise in Medicine, Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, St. Olav's Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
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