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Mon AM, Hein PP, Zaw M, Kyaw MT, Yang Y, Yang X, Shi Y. Ethnobotanical surveys reveal the crucial role of medicinal plants in the primary healthcare system of the Shan people in Myanmar. J Ethnopharmacol 2024; 327:117875. [PMID: 38346522 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The Shan people of Myanmar live under conditions of longtime social instability and public medical resources inadequate, which tend to strengthen the reliance on local traditional primary healthcare system. The documentation of this kind of resource, however, was rarely and inadequate to support any kind of dynamic trend evaluation. Being an ethnobotanical study, we conducted field survey in the Southern Shan State of Myanmar and aimed to 1) document the local plant species that adopted for primary healthcare purpose, 2) clarify how these species collectively address the broad range of primary medication needs for local people, and 3) lay foundation for dynamic trend evaluation of the role of local medicinal plants under this kind of social and cultural context. MATERIAL AND METHODS Field surveys were conducted with 124 informants in eight villages. We collected 1259 use reports and documented all the plant species used for treating all the mentioned ailment types. The ailments were translated into their emic meaning and then classified into common disease categories. The top ranked and newly recorded plants or ailment types were analyzed based on historical records from the region. RESULTS Totally 156 plant species were used for treating 91 ailments belonging to 16 disease categories, with skin problems and digestive tract were the top cited diseases, and with Fabaceae and Lamiaceae were the top cited plant families. A total of 19 newly recorded plant species were suggested as new member of Myanmar medicinal plant list. Besides, we filled the gaps (for 24 species) and enriched the types (for 83 species) of applicable ailments for known Myanmar medicinal plants. CONCLUSION Our study revealed that the Shan people in Southern Shan State used rich plant species for various therapeutic purposes. Our findings indicate the crucial role of local plant resources for local people's primary healthcare needs and support further study about cultural or regional comparation or historical dynamic trend of the medicinal plants uses in areas facing longtime official or public medical resource inadequate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aye Mya Mon
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China; Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yezin, Nay Pyi Taw, 05282, Myanmar; Yunnan International Joint Laboratory of Southeast Asia Biodiversity Conservation, Kunming, 666303, China.
| | - Pyae Phyo Hein
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China; Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yezin, Nay Pyi Taw, 05282, Myanmar; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Moe Zaw
- Forest Research Institute, Yezin, Nay Pyi Taw, 05282, Myanmar.
| | - Myo Thiha Kyaw
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China; Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yezin, Nay Pyi Taw, 05282, Myanmar.
| | - Yongping Yang
- Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xishuangbanna, 666303, China.
| | - Xuefei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China; Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yezin, Nay Pyi Taw, 05282, Myanmar; Yunnan International Joint Laboratory of Southeast Asia Biodiversity Conservation, Kunming, 666303, China.
| | - Yinxian Shi
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China; Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yezin, Nay Pyi Taw, 05282, Myanmar; Yunnan International Joint Laboratory of Southeast Asia Biodiversity Conservation, Kunming, 666303, China.
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Hikmawanti NPE, Saputri FC, Yanuar A, Jantan I, Ningrum RA, Mun'im A. Insights into the anti-infective effects of Pluchea indica (L.) Less and its bioactive metabolites against various bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites. J Ethnopharmacol 2024; 320:117387. [PMID: 37944874 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Pluchea indica (L.) Less (family Asteraceae) is popularly consumed as a medicinal vegetable and used in ethnomedicine to treat various diseases including gastrointestinal problems such as dysentery and leucorrhoea, which are due to bacterial, fungal or parasitic infections. There have been numerous studies on the antimicrobial effects of the plant due to these ethnomedicine use. AIM OF THIS REVIEW This review is comprehensively discussed the information on the anti-infective properties of P. indica and its secondary metabolites, and highlight the potential of the plant as a new source of anti-infective agents. MATERIALS AND METHODS Scientific databases such as Scopus, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, PubMed, Wiley Online Library, and ACS Publications were used to gather the relevant information on the ability of P. indica to fight infections, with the leaves and roots receiving most of the attention. RESULTS Anti-bacterial, anti-mycobacterial, anti-malarial, and anti-viral activities have been the most exploited. Most studies were carried out on the crude extracts of the plant and in most studies the bioactive extracts were not standardized or chemically characterized. Several studies have reported the anti-infective activity of several bioactive components of P. indica including caffeoylquinic acids, terpenoid glycosides, thiophenes, and kaempferol. CONCLUSIONS The strong anti-infective effect and underlying mechanisms of the compounds provide insights into the potential of P. indica as a source of new leads for the development of anti-infective agents for use in food and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Putu Ermi Hikmawanti
- Graduate Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Cluster of Health Sciences Building, Depok, 16424, West Java, Indonesia; Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. DR. HAMKA, East Jakarta, 13460, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia; National Metabolomics Collaborative Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, 16424, Indonesia.
| | - Fadlina Chany Saputri
- Department of Pharmacology-Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, 16424, West Java, Indonesia; National Metabolomics Collaborative Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, 16424, Indonesia.
| | - Arry Yanuar
- Department of Biomedical Computation-Drug Design, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, 16424, West Java, Indonesia; National Metabolomics Collaborative Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, 16424, Indonesia.
| | - Ibrahim Jantan
- Institute of Systems Biology (INBIOSIS), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM Bangi, 43600, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Ratih Asmana Ningrum
- Research Center for Genetic Engineering, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Raya Bogor Street KM.46, Cibinong, Bogor, West Java, 16911, Indonesia; National Metabolomics Collaborative Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, 16424, Indonesia.
| | - Abdul Mun'im
- Department of Pharmacognosy-Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Cluster of Health Sciences Building, Depok, 16424, West Java, Indonesia; National Metabolomics Collaborative Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, 16424, Indonesia.
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Sukkasem K, Itharat A, Thisayakorn K, Tangsuphoom N, Panthong S, Makchuchit S, Inprasit J, Prommee N, Khoenok W, Sriyam K, Pahusee D, Tasanarong A, Ooraikul B, Davies NM. Exploring in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activities of the Thai traditional remedy Kheaw-Hom and its bioactive compound, ethyl p-methoxycinnamate, and ethnopharmacological analysis. J Ethnopharmacol 2024; 319:117131. [PMID: 37689327 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Kheaw-Hom (KH) remedy, a Thai traditional medicine (TTM) on the National List of Essential Medicines, has long been clinically used to treat fever and inflammation in children. However, no in vitro or in vivo anti-inflammatory or bioactive compound studies are published in the literature. AIMS OF THE STUDY To explore the in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activities of KH remedy and its bioactive compound and analyze relationships between flavor and ethnopharmacological activities of plant components in KH remedy according to TTM theory. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ethyl p-methoxycinnamate (EPMC), a bioactive compound of KH remedy was analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In vitro anti-inflammatory activities of ethanolic extract (KHE), aqueous extract (KHA), acid-hydrolysis of KHA (KHA-h), acid-hydrolysis of KH powder (KHP-h), and EPMC were investigated using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) production in murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. In vivo anti-inflammatory activities of KH powder (KHP) and KHE were determined using carrageenan-induced paw edema and ethyl phenylpropiolate (EPP)-induced ear edema in rats and PGE2 production in tissue samples was examined. RESULTS KHP-h showed the highest EPMC content (21.33 ± 1.08 mg/g of extract) and inhibited PGE2, NO, and TNF-α production with IC50 values of 11.92 ± 0.21, 30.61 ± 3.12, and 56.71 ± 2.91 μg/mL, respectively, followed by KHE and KHA-h while KHA did not. EPMC, a bioactive compound of KH remedy showed high anti-inflammatory activities through three pathways. KHP oral administration (100 mg/kg) significantly minimized rat paw inflammation at 1, 2, and 3 h while KHE (100 mg/kg) noticeably reduced at 2 and 3 h. KHP (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) and KHE (100 mg/kg) significantly inhibited PGE2 production. KHP (1% w/v) notably reduced rat ear edema at 30, 60, and 120 min whereas KHE at all concentrations decreased swelling at 120 min. KHP and KHE at all doses significantly inhibited PGE2 production. Cool flavor was the main KH remedy flavor. Spicy plant components and some fragrant components showed high anti-inflammatory activity. CONCLUSIONS Results from the in vivo study strongly paralleled the in vitro study. These findings support the rational use of KH remedy according to TTM theory for fever treatment and inflammation in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanmanee Sukkasem
- Student of Doctor of Philosophy (Applied Thai Traditional Medicine), Department of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand.
| | - Arunporn Itharat
- Department of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Applied Thai Traditional Medicine Research (CEATMR), Thammasat University, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand.
| | - Krittiya Thisayakorn
- Expert Center of Innovative Herbal Products (InnoHerb), Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research (TISTR), Technopolis, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand.
| | | | - Sumalee Panthong
- Department of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Applied Thai Traditional Medicine Research (CEATMR), Thammasat University, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand.
| | - Sunita Makchuchit
- Department of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Applied Thai Traditional Medicine Research (CEATMR), Thammasat University, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand.
| | - Janjira Inprasit
- Department of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand.
| | - Nuntika Prommee
- Department of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand.
| | - Wicheian Khoenok
- Expert Center of Innovative Herbal Products (InnoHerb), Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research (TISTR), Technopolis, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand.
| | - Kanjana Sriyam
- Expert Center of Innovative Herbal Products (InnoHerb), Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research (TISTR), Technopolis, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand.
| | - Darunee Pahusee
- Expert Center of Innovative Herbal Products (InnoHerb), Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research (TISTR), Technopolis, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand.
| | - Adis Tasanarong
- Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Klong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand.
| | - Buncha Ooraikul
- Department of Agricultural Food and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Agricultural Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G2E1, Canada; Thammasat University, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand.
| | - Neal M Davies
- Thammasat University, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand; Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Katz Centre for Pharmacy and Health Research, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G2E1, Canada.
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Azizah NS, Irawan B, Kusmoro J, Safriansyah W, Farabi K, Oktavia D, Doni F, Miranti M. Sweet Basil ( Ocimum basilicum L.)-A Review of Its Botany, Phytochemistry, Pharmacological Activities, and Biotechnological Development. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:4148. [PMID: 38140476 PMCID: PMC10748370 DOI: 10.3390/plants12244148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
An urgent demand for natural compound alternatives to conventional medications has arisen due to global health challenges, such as drug resistance and the adverse effects associated with synthetic drugs. Plant extracts are considered an alternative due to their favorable safety profiles and potential for reducing side effects. Sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is a valuable plant resource and a potential candidate for the development of pharmaceutical medications. A single pure compound or a combination of compounds exhibits exceptional medicinal properties, including antiviral activity against both DNA and RNA viruses, antibacterial effects against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, antifungal properties, antioxidant activity, antidiabetic potential, neuroprotective qualities, and anticancer properties. The plant contains various phytochemical constituents, which mostly consist of linalool, eucalyptol, estragole, and eugenol. For centuries, community and traditional healers across the globe have employed O. basilicum L. to treat a wide range of ailments, including flu, fever, colds, as well as issues pertaining to digestion, reproduction, and respiration. In addition, the current research presented underscores the significant potential of O. basilicum-related nanotechnology applications in addressing diverse challenges and advancing numerous fields. This promising avenue of exploration holds great potential for future scientific and technological advancements, promising improved utilization of medicinal products derived from O. basilicum L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabilah Sekar Azizah
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia; (N.S.A.); (B.I.); (J.K.); (F.D.)
| | - Budi Irawan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia; (N.S.A.); (B.I.); (J.K.); (F.D.)
| | - Joko Kusmoro
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia; (N.S.A.); (B.I.); (J.K.); (F.D.)
| | - Wahyu Safriansyah
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia; (W.S.); (K.F.)
| | - Kindi Farabi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia; (W.S.); (K.F.)
| | - Dina Oktavia
- Department of Transdisciplinary, Graduate School, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40132, Indonesia;
| | - Febri Doni
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia; (N.S.A.); (B.I.); (J.K.); (F.D.)
| | - Mia Miranti
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia; (N.S.A.); (B.I.); (J.K.); (F.D.)
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Wirasisya DG, Kincses A, Vidács L, Szemerédi N, Spengler G, Barta A, Mertha IG, Hohmann J. Indonesian Euphorbiaceae: Ethnobotanical Survey, In Vitro Antibacterial, Antitumour Screening and Phytochemical Analysis of Euphorbia atoto. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:3836. [PMID: 38005733 PMCID: PMC10675575 DOI: 10.3390/plants12223836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Indonesia is among the countries with the most significant biodiversity globally. Jamu, the traditional medicine of Indonesia, predominantly uses herbal materials and is an integral component of the Indonesian healthcare system. The present study reviewed the ethnobotanical data of seven Indonesian Euphorbiaceae species, namely Euphorbia atoto, E. hypericifolia, Homalanthus giganteus, Macaranga tanarius, Mallotus mollissimus, M. rufidulus, and Shirakiopsis indica, based on the RISTOJA database and other literature sources. An antimicrobial screening of the plant extracts was performed in 15 microorganisms using the disk diffusion and broth microdilution methods, and the antiproliferative effects were examined in drug-sensitive Colo 205 and resistant Colo 320 cells by the MTT assay. The antimicrobial testing showed a high potency of M. tanarius, H. giganteus, M. rufidulus, S. indica, and E. atoto extracts (MIC = 12.5-500 µg/mL) against different bacteria. In the antitumour screening, remarkable activities (IC50 0.23-2.60 µg/mL) were demonstrated for the extracts of H. giganteus, M. rufidulus, S. indica, and E. atoto against Colo 205 cells. The n-hexane extract of E. atoto, with an IC50 value of 0.24 ± 0.06 µg/mL (Colo 205), was subjected to multistep chromatographic separation, and 24-methylene-cycloartan-3β-ol, jolkinolide E, tetra-tert-butyl-diphenyl ether, α-tocopherol, and β-sitosterol were isolated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dyke Gita Wirasisya
- Institute of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (D.G.W.); (A.K.); (L.V.); (A.B.)
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Mataram, Mataram 83126, Indonesia
| | - Annamária Kincses
- Institute of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (D.G.W.); (A.K.); (L.V.); (A.B.)
| | - Lívia Vidács
- Institute of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (D.G.W.); (A.K.); (L.V.); (A.B.)
| | - Nikoletta Szemerédi
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Health Center and Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary; (N.S.); (G.S.)
| | - Gabriella Spengler
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Health Center and Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary; (N.S.); (G.S.)
| | - Anita Barta
- Institute of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (D.G.W.); (A.K.); (L.V.); (A.B.)
| | - I Gde Mertha
- Department of Biology Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Mataram 83126, Indonesia;
| | - Judit Hohmann
- Institute of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (D.G.W.); (A.K.); (L.V.); (A.B.)
- ELKH-USZ Biologically Active Natural Products Research Group, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
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Jongrungraungchok S, Madaka F, Wunnakup T, Sudsai T, Pongphaew C, Songsak T, Pradubyat N. In vitro antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities of mixture Thai medicinal plants. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:43. [PMID: 36765341 PMCID: PMC9912591 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-03862-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The phytochemical study of medicinal plants is rapidly gaining popularity with many pharmacologic effects. This study aims to determine the antioxidant capacity as well as anticancer and antimigration activities of Clear belongs Plus extract (CBL-P) which consisted of five medicinal plants namely, Alpinia galanga, Piper nigrum, Citrus aurantifolia, Tiliacora triandra, and Cannabis sativa on human colon cancer cells SW620 and HCT116 cell lines, and human non-small cell lung cancer cells A549 and NCI-H460 cell lines. METHODS In this study the dried-plant powder was extracted using 90% ethanol. Additionally, CBL-P was studied antioxidative activity via DPPH and ABTS assays and anti-inflammatory activities using nitric oxide assay using Griess reaction. Antiproliferation and antimigration of CBL-P were investigated using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and scratch assay. RESULTS The results showed that CBL-P had potent antiproliferative activity with IC50 values in a concentration- and time-dependent manners for all four cell lines. CBL-P also possessed potent antimigration activity against all studied cancer cells. CBL-P demonstrated antimigration activity on four different types of cancer cells (A549, NCI-H460, HCT116, and SW620) after 48 h of incubation, with the greatest effect seen at the highest concentration tested (15 μg/mL) in A549 cells (10.23% of wound closure) and NCI-H460 cells (9.16% of wound closure). CBL-P was also effective in reducing migration in HCT116 and SW620 cells, with a range of closure area from 10-50%. In addition, CBL-P had antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 8.549 ± 0.241 mg/mL and 2.673 ± 0.437 mg/mL for DPPH and ABTS assays, respectively. CBL-P also showed anti-inflammatory activity with the best inhibitory activity on NO production at a concentration of 40 μg/mL. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the mixture extract possessed antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. Furthermore, the mixture plant extract significantly exhibited antiproliferative and antimigration activities on SW620, HCT116, A549, and NCI-H460 cells (P ≤ 0.05). Taken together, our results suggest that medicinal plants may have synergistic effects that could potentially enhance the effectiveness of cancer treatment when used as adjuvants. These findings provide a solid scientific foundation for future efforts to explore the mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchada Jongrungraungchok
- grid.412665.20000 0000 9427 298XDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Rangsit University, Pathum Thani, 12000 Thailand
| | - Fameera Madaka
- grid.412665.20000 0000 9427 298XDrug and Herbal Product Research and Development Center, College of Pharmacy, Rangsit University, Pathum Thani, 12000 Thailand
| | - Thaniya Wunnakup
- grid.412665.20000 0000 9427 298XDrug and Herbal Product Research and Development Center, College of Pharmacy, Rangsit University, Pathum Thani, 12000 Thailand
| | - Teeratad Sudsai
- grid.412665.20000 0000 9427 298XDrug and Herbal Product Research and Development Center, College of Pharmacy, Rangsit University, Pathum Thani, 12000 Thailand
| | - Chanamon Pongphaew
- grid.512982.50000 0004 7598 2416Princess Srisavangavadhana College of Medicine, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, 10210 Thailand
| | - Thanapat Songsak
- grid.412665.20000 0000 9427 298XDepartment of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Rangsit University, Pathum Thani, 12000 Thailand
| | - Nalinee Pradubyat
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Rangsit University, Pathum Thani, 12000, Thailand.
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Rahman MM, Al Noman MA, Khatun S, Alam R, Shetu MMH, Talukder EK, Imon RR, Biswas MY, Anis-Ul-Haque K, Uddin MJ, Akhter S. Evaluation of Senna tora (L.) Roxb. leaves as source of bioactive molecules with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial potential. Heliyon 2023; 9:e12855. [PMID: 36747926 PMCID: PMC9898628 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e12855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Senna tora (L.) Roxb. is an ethno-medicinal herb used by rural and tribal people of the Satpura region of Madhya Pradesh in India and the Phatthalung Province of Thailand for treating rheumatism, bronchitis, ringworm, itches, leprosy, dyspepsia, liver disorders and heart disorders. It is also used in Chinese and Ayurvedic medicine. This study was conducted to investigate the potential of Senna tora (L.) Roxb. as a source of drug candidates against oxidants, inflammation, and bacterial infection. Preliminary phytochemical screening (PPS) and GC-MS were performed to identify the phytochemicals in the ethyl acetate extract of Senna tora (L.) Roxb. leaves (EAESTL). The in vitro antioxidant activity was assessed by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)- and H2O2-scavenging tests; the in vitro anti-inflammatory activity was determined by bovine serum albumin (BSA) denaturation and red blood cell (RBC) hemolysis inhibition; and the antibacterial activity was evaluated by agar-well diffusion methods. Cytotoxicity was estimated by Artemia salina larvae lethality, while acute toxicity was evaluated by oral delivery of the extract to mice. In silico antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial activities were predicted by the Prediction of Activity Spectra for Substances (PASS) program. The pharmacokinetics related to ADME and toxicity tests were determined by the admetSAR2 and ADMETlab2 web servers, and drug-able properties were assessed by the SwissADME server. GC-MS detected fifty-nine phytochemicals that support the types of compounds (phenols, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, saponins, steroids, alkaloids, glycosides and reducing sugar) identified by phytochemical screening. EAESTL exhibited dose-dependent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial activities without any adverse effects or fluctuations in body weight. The PASS program predicted that the identified phytochemicals have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities. Among 51 phytochemicals, 16 showed good ADME, and 8 fulfilled drug-able properties without toxicity. Altogether, four phytochemicals, viz., benzyl alcohol, 3-(hydroxy-phenyl-methyl)-2,3-dimethyl-octan-4-one, phenylethyl alcohol and 2,6,6-trimethylbicyclo [3.1.1] heptane-3-ol, showed good pharmacokinetics and drug-able properties without toxicity, along with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial activities. The obtained results suggest that Senna tora (L.) Roxb. leaves contain bioactive phytochemicals that have the potential to fight against oxidants, inflammation, and bacterial infection as potential drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Mashiar Rahman
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Abdullah Al Noman
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Shapla Khatun
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Rahat Alam
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Mahade Hasan Shetu
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Enamul Kabir Talukder
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Raihan Rahman Imon
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Yaman Biswas
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore 7408, Bangladesh
| | - K.M. Anis-Ul-Haque
- Department of Chemistry, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Jashim Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore 7408, Bangladesh
- Corresponding author.
| | - Shahina Akhter
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology Chittagong, Foy's Lake, Chittagong 4202, Bangladesh
- Corresponding author.
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Manan M, Saleem U, Ahmad B, Aslam N, Anwar A, Zafar A. Anti-arthritic and toxicological evaluation of ethanolic extract of Alternanthera bettzickiana in rats. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1002037. [DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1002037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In many developing countries, medicinal plants have long been used for therapeutic purposes due to their low cost and toxicity. This study evaluated the safety and anti-arthritic potential of Alternanthera bettzickiana ethanolic extract (ABEE). Acute oral toxicity (OECD 425) was tested in the safety evaluation. A limit test was used to identify the LD50 value. For an acute oral toxicity study a dose of 2000 mg/kg of ABEE was given orally to the treatment group, and the control group received distilled water at a rate of 10 ml/kg. Biochemical, hematological, and histopathological analyses were performed after 14 days. A formaldehyde 2% w/v solution was injected via i.p. to rats of all groups to prepare the arthritic model. Five groups were divided into control (D.H2O), standard (Diclofenac), and three groups receiving the plant extract at dose levels of 125 mg/kg, 250 mg/kg, and 500 mg/kg respectively. Treatment was continued for 10 days. Paw diameter and hematological and biochemical variables were quantified. ELISA was performed for the estimation of inflammatory cytokines. In the acute oral toxicity study, no mortality or morbidity were observed, so the LD50 of this plant was greater than 2000 mg/kg. ABEE decreased the paw diameter with the restoration of hematological and biochemical changes. SOD and CAT levels were increased while decreasing the MDA, NO, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels in arthritic rats. It is concluded that the use of A. bettzickiana has low toxicity, and it can be used for the treatment of arthritis.
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Das G, Gouda S, Kerry RG, Cortes H, Prado-Audelo MLD, Leyva-Gómez G, Tsouh Fokou PV, Gutiérrez-Grijalva EP, Heredia JB, Shin HS, Patra JK. Study of Traditional Uses, Extraction Procedures, Phytochemical Constituents, and Pharmacological Properties of Tiliacora triandra. J CHEM-NY 2022; 2022:1-16. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/8754528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Tiliacora triandra (Colebr.) Diels (Menispermaceae family) is a Southeast Asian angiosperm herb. Traditional medicine in these areas often includes the use of plant parts. Plant extracts are highly effective against various infections including bacterial, fungal, viral, and parasitic. The leaves and root extracts are used to treat gastrointestinal diseases, hypertension, diabetes, skin diseases, and malaria as an antipyretic, detoxification agent, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and immunomodulator. Bioactive compounds contained in T. triandra include phenolic compounds, alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, fatty acids, essential amino acids, peptides, carbohydrates, vitamins, and nucleic acid precursors. Despite the plant species’ abundance of bioactive compounds, there is very little in vivo and clinical proof of its pharmacological significance. The present review focuses on the phytochemical configurations, extraction methods for major bioactive compounds, and pharmacology of T. triandra, in light of its potent medicinal values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gitishree Das
- Research Institute of Integrative Life Sciences, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyangsi 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Sushanto Gouda
- Amity Institute of Forestry and Wildlife, Amity University, Noida, UP, India
| | - Rout George Kerry
- Department of Biotechnology, Utkal University, Vani Vihar, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751004, India
| | - Hernán Cortes
- Laboratorio de Medicina Genomica, Departamento de Genetica, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitacion Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Ciudad de Mexico 14389, Mexico
| | - María L. Del Prado-Audelo
- Tecnológico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Campus Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Gerardo Leyva-Gómez
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | | | - Erick P. Gutiérrez-Grijalva
- Catedras CONACYT–Centro de Investigacion en Alimentacion y Desarrollo, A.C. Carretera a Eldorado Km 5.5, Col. Campo el Diez, Culiacan CP 80110, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - J. Basilio Heredia
- Centro de Investigacion en Alimentacion y Desarrollo, A.C. Carretera a Eldorado Km 5.5, Col. Campo el Diez, Culiacan CP 80110, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Han-Seung Shin
- Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyangsi 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Jayanta Kumar Patra
- Research Institute of Integrative Life Sciences, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyangsi 10326, Republic of Korea
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Pintatum A, Laphookhieo S. Volatile Constituents of Amomum argyrophyllum Ridl. and Amomum dealbatum Roxb. and Their Antioxidant, Tyrosinase and Cytotoxic Activities. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.104148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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11
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Saising J, Maneenoon K, Sakulkeo O, Limsuwan S, Götz F, Voravuthikunchai SP. Ethnomedicinal Plants in Herbal Remedies Used for Treatment of Skin Diseases by Traditional Healers in Songkhla Province, Thailand. Plants (Basel) 2022; 11:880. [PMID: 35406860 PMCID: PMC9003147 DOI: 10.3390/plants11070880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Skin disorders are a worldwide health problem that normally affect human life. A traditional healer is an important expert in researching notable medicinal plants for skin disease treatment. This study aimed to determine the traditional knowledge and the use of medicinal plants for the treatment of skin diseases among traditional healers in the Songkhla province, Thailand. The ethnobotanical information was collected from experienced traditional healers by semi-structured interviews and participant observations. Plant specimens were also collected and identified using the standard taxonomic method. The data were analyzed by interpretation and descriptive statistics. Twenty-five polyherbal formulations for the treatment of skin diseases were obtained from traditional healers with at least 10 years of experience. A total of 66 plant species in 38 families were documented. Leaves and trees were the most commonly employed plant parts and plant habits included in the herbal remedies, respectively. Fabaceae, Rubiaceae, and Zingiberaceae were the majority of the cited families. Oryza sativa L. and Zingiber montanum (J. Koenig) Link ex A.Dietr. were the most preferred plants combined in the prescriptions, which had the highest use value (UV = 0.83). The highest relative frequency of citation was represented by Curcuma longa L., Eurycoma longifolia Jack, Knema globularia (Lamk.) Warb, and Senna siamea (Lam.) Irwin & Barneby. (0.55 each). This research suggests the importance of traditional healers in the healing of skin diseases with herbal remedies. A variety of medicinal plants are used in the prescriptions for the treatment of skin disorders in the Songkhla province, in the south of Thailand. Pharmacological and toxicological activities as well as phytochemical constituents of polyherbal remedies should be further investigated to scientifically verify further applications of widely practiced herbal medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongkon Saising
- Center of Antimicrobial Biomaterial Innovation-Southeast Asia and Natural Product Research Center of Excellence, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand;
- School of Health Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
| | - Katesarin Maneenoon
- Traditional Thai Medical Research and Innovation Center, Faculty of Traditional Thai Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand; (K.M.); (O.S.); (S.L.)
| | - Oraphan Sakulkeo
- Traditional Thai Medical Research and Innovation Center, Faculty of Traditional Thai Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand; (K.M.); (O.S.); (S.L.)
| | - Surasak Limsuwan
- Traditional Thai Medical Research and Innovation Center, Faculty of Traditional Thai Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand; (K.M.); (O.S.); (S.L.)
| | - Friedrich Götz
- Microbial Genetics, Institute of Microbiology and Infection Medicine Tübingen, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany;
| | - Supayang Piyawan Voravuthikunchai
- Center of Antimicrobial Biomaterial Innovation-Southeast Asia and Natural Product Research Center of Excellence, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand;
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Leesombun A, Sungpradit S, Boonmasawai S, Weluwanarak T, Klinsrithong S, Ruangsittichai J, Ampawong S, Masmeatathip R, Changbunjong T. Insecticidal Activity of Plectranthus amboinicus Essential Oil against the Stable Fly Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae) and the Horse Fly Tabanus megalops (Diptera: Tabanidae). Insects 2022; 13:insects13030255. [PMID: 35323553 PMCID: PMC8955824 DOI: 10.3390/insects13030255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng., commonly known as Indian borage, has been reported to have insecticidal activity against various insects. In this study, the insecticidal properties (contact and fumigant toxicities) derived from P. amboinicus essential oil were investigated against the stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans, and the horse fly, Tabanus megalops. The results showed that P. amboinicus essential oil has both contact and fumigant toxicities against the target species and thus has potential as an alternative control agent. Abstract The stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae), and the horse fly, Tabanus megalops (Diptera: Tabanidae), are important ectoparasites of livestock in Thailand. These species affect animal health and cause economic losses. This study investigated the insecticidal activity of Plectranthus amboinicus essential oil against S. calcitrans and T. megalops through contact and fumigant toxicity tests and evaluated the effects of the essential oil on these flies through histopathological and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) studies. The results of the contact toxicity test indicated that the median lethal dose against S. calcitrans and T. megalops was 12.05 and 131.41 µg/fly, and the 90% lethal dose was 45.53 and 200.62 µg/fly, respectively. The results of the fumigant toxicity test showed that the median lethal concentration against S. calcitrans and T. megalops was 1.34 and 7.12 mg/L air, and the 90% lethal concentration was 4.39 and 30.37 mg/L air, respectively. Histopathology revealed neuronal degeneration in the brain of S. calcitrans and interstitial neuronal edema of the brain and ovarian necrosis in T. megalops. No external morphological changes were observed via SEM. Given its insecticidal properties against S. calcitrans and T. megalops, P. amboinicus essential oil could be developed into a natural insecticide to control these fly species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpron Leesombun
- Department of Pre-Clinic and Applied Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand; (A.L.); (S.S.); (S.B.)
| | - Sivapong Sungpradit
- Department of Pre-Clinic and Applied Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand; (A.L.); (S.S.); (S.B.)
| | - Sookruetai Boonmasawai
- Department of Pre-Clinic and Applied Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand; (A.L.); (S.S.); (S.B.)
| | - Thekhawet Weluwanarak
- The Monitoring and Surveillance Center for Zoonotic Diseases in Wildlife and Exotic Animals (MoZWE), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand;
| | - Suriyo Klinsrithong
- The Center of Veterinary Diagnosis, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand;
| | - Jiraporn Ruangsittichai
- Department of Medical Entomology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Sumate Ampawong
- Department of Tropical Pathology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Roungthip Masmeatathip
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture at Kamphaeng Saen, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand;
| | - Tanasak Changbunjong
- Department of Pre-Clinic and Applied Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand; (A.L.); (S.S.); (S.B.)
- The Monitoring and Surveillance Center for Zoonotic Diseases in Wildlife and Exotic Animals (MoZWE), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand;
- Correspondence:
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So-In C, Sunthamala N. Treatment efficacy of Thunbergia laurifolia, Curcuma longa, Garcinia mangostana, and Andrographis paniculata extracts in Staphylococcus aureus-induced rabbit dermatitis model. Vet World 2022; 15:188-197. [PMID: 35369604 PMCID: PMC8924391 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2022.188-197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Dermatitis is a soft-tissue infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus. The recurrence of inflammatory skin is linked to clinical manifestations. Anti-inflammatory cytokines, which are essential for tissue damage, are released by bacteria through skin tissues. Oxidative stress causes inflammatory cells to necrotize and reduces their antioxidant profile, resulting in toxic damage to surrounding tissues. Although studies on the antibacterial effects of Thunbergia laurifolia Lindl., Curcuma longa L., Garcinia mangostana L., and Andrographis paniculata (Burm.). Bacterial infection of S. aureus have been conducted, most of these studies have been in vitro and were not related to the rabbit model. In addition, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant studies need to be evaluated. Thus, this study aims to compare the antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties of four local herbs with a standard antibiotic in S. aureus-induced rabbit dermatitis model. Materials and Methods: The skin of New Zealand white rabbits were artificially wounded using a sterile blade and then infected with S. aureus. The rabbits were divided into seven groups, each with three rabbits (Total 21 rabbits): The first group was the no infection group (no infection and no treatment with scarification), the second group was the no treatment group (S. aureus infection of the wound but no treatment), and the other five treated groups were T. laurifolia, C. longa, G. mangostana, A. paniculata, and bacitracin cream, all of which involved wound infection and treatments. The treatment lasted for 7 days. The antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties after treatment were measured. Results: The efficacy of T. laurifolia, C. longa, G. mangostana, and A. paniculata was similar to that of an antioxidant and free radical scavenging property. The bacterial infection process gradually reduced the activities of antioxidant systems (i.e., enzymatic levels and gene expressions) and total glutathione. However, the activities of the antioxidant system were steadily increased when treated with herbal extracts. During bacterial invasion of the skin, the concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive molecules, the level of lipid peroxidation, and the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokine genes were increased. All these were decreased when herbal extracts were used to treat the lesion. Conclusion: It can be concluded that T. laurifolia, C. longa, G. mangostana, and A. paniculate extract have antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties and are effective antibacterial agents. G. mangostana is the most effective herbal extract for antidermatitis and has the potential to be used as an alternative topical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charinya So-In
- Department of Veterinary Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Kalasin University, Kalasin 46000, Thailand
| | - Nuchsupha Sunthamala
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham, 44150, Thailand
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JUNSI M, SIRIPONGVUTIKORN S. Anti-insecticides activity in cell-lines model of Thunbergia laurifolia leaf extract aiming for functional drink. Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.10722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Alam R, Imon RR, Kabir Talukder ME, Akhter S, Hossain MA, Ahammad F, Rahman MM. GC-MS analysis of phytoconstituents from Ruellia prostrata and Senna tora and identification of potential anti-viral activity against SARS-CoV-2. RSC Adv 2021; 11:40120-40135. [PMID: 35494115 PMCID: PMC9044520 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra06842c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 is an etiologic agent responsible for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The virus has rapidly extended globally and taken millions of lives due to the unavailability of therapeutics candidates against the virus. Till now, no specific drug candidates have been developed that can prevent or treat infections caused by the pathogen. The main protease (Mpro) of the SARS-CoV-2 plays a pivotal role in mediating viral replication and mechanistically inhibition of the protein can hinder the replication and infection process of the virus. Therefore, the study aimed to identify the natural bioactive compounds against the virus that can block the activity of the Mpro and subsequently block viral infections. Initially, a total of 96 phytochemicals from Ruellia prostrata Poir. and Senna tora (L.) Roxb. plants were identified through the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analytical method. Subsequently, the compounds were screened through molecular docking, absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion (ADME), toxicity (T), and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation approach. The molecular docking method initially identified four molecules having a PubChem CID: 70825, CID: 25247358, CID: 54685836 and, CID: 1983 with a binding affinity ranging between −6.067 to −6.53 kcal mol−1 to the active site of the target protein. All the selected compounds exhibit good pharmacokinetics and toxicity properties. Finally, the four compounds were further evaluated based on the MD simulation methods that confirmed the binding stability of the compounds to the targeted protein. The computational approaches identified the best four compounds CID: 70825, CID: 25247358, CID: 54685836 and, CID: 1983 that can be developed as a treatment option of SARS-CoV-2 disease-related complications. Although, experimental validation is suggested for further evaluation of the work. Protease (Mpro) of SARS-CoV-2 has been identified as being able to hinder the replication process of the virus. Using GC-MS analytical methods, phytochemicals were identified from different medicinal plants that resulted in inhibitory activity of the molecules against Mpro.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahat Alam
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology Jashore-7408 Bangladesh .,Laboratory of Computational Biology, Biological Solution Centre (BioSol Centre) Jashore-7408 Bangladesh
| | - Raihan Rahman Imon
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology Jashore-7408 Bangladesh .,Laboratory of Computational Biology, Biological Solution Centre (BioSol Centre) Jashore-7408 Bangladesh
| | - Md Enamul Kabir Talukder
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology Jashore-7408 Bangladesh .,Laboratory of Computational Biology, Biological Solution Centre (BioSol Centre) Jashore-7408 Bangladesh
| | - Shahina Akhter
- Laboratory of Computational Biology, Biological Solution Centre (BioSol Centre) Jashore-7408 Bangladesh .,Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology Chittagong (USTC) Foy's Lake, Khulshi Chittagong-4202 Bangladesh
| | - Md Alam Hossain
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Jashore University of Science and Technology Jashore-7408 Bangladesh
| | - Foysal Ahammad
- Laboratory of Computational Biology, Biological Solution Centre (BioSol Centre) Jashore-7408 Bangladesh .,Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Abdul-Aziz University Jeddah-21589 Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Mashiar Rahman
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology Jashore-7408 Bangladesh
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Ratanakomol T, Roytrakul S, Wikan N, Smith DR. Berberine Inhibits Dengue Virus through Dual Mechanisms. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26185501. [PMID: 34576974 PMCID: PMC8470584 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26185501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mosquito transmitted viruses, particularly those of the genus Flavivirus, are a significant healthcare burden worldwide, especially in tropical and sub-tropical areas. However, effective medicines for these viral infections remains lacking. Berberine (BBR) is an alkaloid found in some plants used in traditional medicines in Southeast Asia and elsewhere, and BBR has been shown to possess anti-viral activities. During a screen for potential application to mosquito transmitted viruses, BBR was shown to have virucidal activity against dengue virus (DENV; IC50 42.87 µM) as well as against Zika virus (IC50 11.42 µM) and chikungunya virus (IC50 14.21 µM). BBR was shown to have cellular effects that lead to an increase in cellular DENV E protein without a concomitant effect on DENV nonstructural proteins, suggesting an effect on viral particle formation or egress. While BBR was shown to have an effect of ERK1/2 activation this did not result in defects in viral egress mechanisms. The primary effect of BBR on viral production was likely to be through BBR acting through AMPK activation and disruption of lipid metabolism. Combined these results suggest that BBR has a dual effect on DENV infection, and BBR may have the potential for development as an anti-DENV antiviral.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sittiruk Roytrakul
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Rangsit 12120, Thailand;
| | - Nitwara Wikan
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand;
- Correspondence: (N.W.); (D.R.S.); Tel.: +66-2800-3624-8 (N.W.)
| | - Duncan R. Smith
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand;
- Correspondence: (N.W.); (D.R.S.); Tel.: +66-2800-3624-8 (N.W.)
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Mudau G, Odeyemi S, Dewar J. Vhavenda Herbal Remedies as Sources of Antihypertensive Drugs: Ethnobotanical and Ethnopharmacological Studies. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2020; 2020:6636766. [PMID: 33381266 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6636766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension is a dominant risk factor for the development of cardiovascular, kidney, and eye diseases. In Africa, it increasingly leads to hospitalisation and a strain on the public health system. However, rather than modern medicine, African traditional healers are the first choice for most South Africans. Therefore, this study is aimed at gathering information on herbal remedies traditionally used for the treatment of high blood pressure in Vhavenda, South Africa, and comparing this information with reports in the literature regarding plants used to manage high blood pressure. An ethnobotanical survey was carried out in Vhembe district and its environs with 53 herbalists and indigenous people aged between 36 and 66 years from January to October 2019 using a semistructured questionnaire. The plants were collected with each respondent; they were authenticated and kept in herbarium. A total of 51 different plants were mentioned as being most commonly used for hypertension treatment. Of these, 44 plants were identified, with those from the Fabaceae family followed by plants from the Celastraceae family being commonly mentioned. Of these, the Elaeodendron transvaalense, Tabernaemontana elegans, Elephantorrhiza elephantina, and Aloe vossii were commonly cited species. According to the literature data, most of the identified plants are yet to be scientifically investigated for the treatment of hypertension, whereas only preliminary investigations have been carried out on other plants, suggesting that these preliminary investigations may have highlight promising antihypertensive activities in vitro that are indicative of their potential as antihypertensive drugs. Therefore, there is a need to scientifically investigate the antihypertensive potentials of these plants as a potential source of antihypertensive treatment and compounds.
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Chaachouay N, Benkhnigue O, Douira A, Zidane L. Poisonous medicinal plants used in the popular pharmacopoeia of the Rif, northern Morocco. Toxicon 2021; 189:24-32. [PMID: 33181163 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2020.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Popular herbal medicine has served as a unique health provider for human beings for thousands of years. In the present study, we document the toxic plants used as medicines in the Rif, intending to assess the knowledge of indigenous people on the toxicity of the natural products used. Ethnobotanical survey was conducted in the Rif, northern Morocco between June 2016 and June 2018 using semi-structured questionnaires and focus groups. An investigation of the scientific literature was conducted to sustain or verify the claimed toxicological information. A total of 84 species of plants belonging to 67 genera and 30 families were reported as being used in the prevention and treatment of diseases. The families reported to be most representatives of these kinds of plants are Asteraceae and Fabaceae (7 species). However, the highly toxic plant prescribed was Rosmarinus officinalis L. Leaf was the most commonly used plant part, and the majority of herbal remedies were prepared from a decoction (40.6%). The results of this investigation showed that the local people in the Rif are still dependent on herbal medicine. These species used for remedial purposes are noted to have a potential toxic impact associated with their irrational consumption. Therefore, we recommend that attention should be observed when using them as medicinal sources.
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Sanpinit S, Yincharoen K, Jindamanee C, Jobthin S, Limsuwan S, Kunworarath N, Jaisamut P, Chokpaisarn J, Voravuthikunchai SP, Chusri S. Antibacterial properties of Ya-Samarn-Phlae (YaSP): A pilot study on diabetic patients with chronic ulcers. J Herb Med 2020; 23:100381. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2020.100381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Junsongduang A, Kasemwan W, Lumjoomjung S, Sabprachai W, Tanming W, Balslev H. Ethnomedicinal Knowledge of Traditional Healers in Roi Et, Thailand. Plants (Basel) 2020; 9:plants9091177. [PMID: 32927919 PMCID: PMC7570034 DOI: 10.3390/plants9091177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Traditional healers in Thailand are a primary source of health care for the Thai people. Highly experienced traditional healers are generally older people and they continue to pass away without recording or passing on their knowledge. Consequently, the cumulative knowledge held by traditional healers regarding the use of medicinal plants is being eroded and could be lost. In this study, we aimed to identify and document the medicinal plants and associated ethnobotanical knowledge held by traditional healers in Roi Et in northeastern Thailand. Data and plant specimens were collected from four traditional healers of the Phu Tai people. They were selected by purposive sampling and questioned using a semi-structured interview. The interviews covered their training, the ailments treated, treatment techniques, method of preparation and in addition, several healing sessions were observed. During field walks, we searched for the medicinal plants with the healers to review and document the availability of medicinal plants at each locality and in different habitats around the villages. Use values (UV) were calculated to estimate the importance of each medicinal plant and informant agreement ratios (IAR) were calculated to understand how widely known the uses were. The four Phu Tai traditional healers knew 162 medicinal plant species in 141 genera and 63 families. The family with the most medicinal plants was Leguminosae with 15 species. The plant part that they used most commonly was the stem, which was used for 82 species (49%). The most common preparation method was decoction, which was done for 124 species (75%). The most important and widely used medicinal plants were Rothmannia wittii, which had the highest use value (UV = 1.7). Most medicinal plants were used for treating tonic (34 species (21%)). Jaundice had the highest informant agreement ratio (IAR = 0.5). The most common life form among the medicinal plants was trees (56 species (34%)). The medicinal plants were mostly collected in community forests (81 species (49%)). Considering the richness of the healer's pharmacopeia, and the fact that their profession is not being perpetuated, this study points to the urgent need to document the traditional knowledge from the old herbalists before it disappears with the last practitioners from rural communities in Thailand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Auemporn Junsongduang
- Department of Science and Technology, Faculty of Liberal Arts and Science, Roi Et Rajabhat University, Thailand, Selaphum, Roi Et 45120, Thailand; (W.K.); (S.L.); (W.S.)
| | - Wanpen Kasemwan
- Department of Science and Technology, Faculty of Liberal Arts and Science, Roi Et Rajabhat University, Thailand, Selaphum, Roi Et 45120, Thailand; (W.K.); (S.L.); (W.S.)
| | - Sukanya Lumjoomjung
- Department of Science and Technology, Faculty of Liberal Arts and Science, Roi Et Rajabhat University, Thailand, Selaphum, Roi Et 45120, Thailand; (W.K.); (S.L.); (W.S.)
| | - Wichuda Sabprachai
- Department of Science and Technology, Faculty of Liberal Arts and Science, Roi Et Rajabhat University, Thailand, Selaphum, Roi Et 45120, Thailand; (W.K.); (S.L.); (W.S.)
| | - Wattana Tanming
- Queen Sirikit Botanical Garden, Mae Rim, Chiang Mai 50180, Thailand;
| | - Henrik Balslev
- Ecoinformatics and Biodiversity, Department of Biology, Aarhus University Build 1540, Ny Munkegade 114, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark;
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Manan M, Saleem U, Akash MS, Qasim M, Hayat M, Raza Z, Ahmad B. Antiarthritic Potential of Comprehensively Standardized Extract of Alternanthera bettzickiana: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies. ACS Omega 2020; 5:19478-19496. [PMID: 32803042 PMCID: PMC7424589 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c01670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Alternanthera bettzickiana is being used as a folk remedy for treating arthritis by conventional healers in Thailand. The current research was undertaken to explore the antiarthritic potential of A. bettzickiana ethanolic extract (ABEE). Plant characterization, molecular docking, and in vitro and in vivo (ABEE at 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg was administered orally to rats once daily for 28 days) studies to explore the antiarthritic effect and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analyses were performed. Oxidative stress biomarkers (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA)) in the serum and histopathological and radiographic assessment of joints were also carried out. Gallic acid, catechin, chlorogenic acid, sinapic acid, quercetin, and γ- and α-tocopherol were identified in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Molecular docking revealed a strong interaction between these compounds and cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes. The extract significantly subdued paw swelling and arthritic scoring, inhibited cachexia, and considerably improved biochemical and hematological modifications. SOD and CAT levels increased and the MDA level decreased in ABEE-treated rats dose-dependently. Radiographic and histopathological analyses also supported the antiarthritic effect of ABEE, which was linked with the downregulation of nuclear factor (NF)-kB, COX-2, interleukin (IL)-6, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and IL-1β and upregulation of IL-10, I-kB, and IL-4 as compared to disease control rats. Results suggested that A. bettzickiana possessed antiarthritic potential, supporting its folkloric use for treating rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Manan
- Department
of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Uzma Saleem
- Department
of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
- .
Tel: +92-333 4904928
| | - Muhammad Sajid
Hamid Akash
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Qasim
- Department
of Bioinformatics & Biotechnology, Government
College University, Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Hayat
- Department
of Biochemistry, Government College University,
Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Zohaib Raza
- Department
of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Bashir Ahmad
- Riphah
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah
International University, Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
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Siriyong T, Phungtammasan S, Jansorn S, Chonsongkram N, Chanwanitsakul S, Subhadhirasakul S, Voravuthikunchai SP. Traditional Thai herbal medicine as an alternative treatment for refractory chronic eczema. Explore (NY) 2020; 16:242-249. [DOI: 10.1016/j.explore.2019.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Elliott E, Chassagne F, Aubouy A, Deharo E, Souvanasy O, Sythamala P, Sydara K, Lamxay V, Manithip C, Torres JA, Bourdy G. Forest Fevers: traditional treatment of malaria in the southern lowlands of Laos. J Ethnopharmacol 2020; 249:112187. [PMID: 31476439 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Malaria is still a highly challenging public health issue in southern Lao PDR, with increasing cases of artemisinin resistance and Plasmodium vivax infections which are more complicated to treat. Traditional medicine has a long history of use in Laos, and is primarily practised by traditional village healers, who possess unique bodies of transmitted knowledge focused on herbal prescriptions, including those for the treatment of malaria. Villagers also use plants for healthcare in the home. The aim of the study is to document local fever concepts and use of herbal remedies, and examine whether they may have potential as complementary treatments against malaria. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study took place in Champasak province in the far south of Laos, in primarily lowland areas. First, 35 traditional healers across the 10 districts of the province were interviewed to elicit details about knowledge and treatment of fevers. Second, a household survey was conducted in a village in a malaria-endemic area; 97 households were interviewed on fever incidence, differentiation, treatment-seeking behaviour and knowledge of plant-based remedies for fevers. Plants indicated by both healers and villagers were collected and voucher specimens deposited in the herbarium of the National University of Laos for identification. RESULTS Malaria is a well-known pathology among the healers and villagers of lowland Champasak province; biomedical treatments are preferentially used, but traditional medicine is a popular complementary method, especially in chronic cases with additional symptoms. 30 different fever types were recorded, which were usually named symptomatically, and grouped into 12 categories. Some were described as forms of malaria, which was conceived as a dynamic, changing pathology affecting many body systems. Healers formulate treatments based on symptoms and the person's constitution, and with the intention of creating specific pharmacological actions associated with temperature or flavours. 11 of the healers gave prescriptions for malaria (27 in total), including 47 identified plant species. The most-used plants (4 or more use-reports) were also the most cited in the literature for use against malaria, demonstrating a correspondence between Lao healers and other traditional medical systems. Furthermore, some of these species show promising results for future research, especially Amorphophallus paeniifolius (Dennst.) Nicolson and Alocasia macrorrhizos (L.) G. Don. CONCLUSION Traditional healers are important actors in the treatment of malaria in southern Laos, and herbal remedies should be evaluated further by the use of reverse treatment outcome trials, especially those which may be of use as complementary remedies in treating P. vivax. Initiatives on knowledge transmission, medicinal plant conservation and healthcare integration are also urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - François Chassagne
- UMR 152 Pharmadev, IRD, Université de Toulouse, France; Center for the Study of Human Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Agnès Aubouy
- UMR 152 Pharmadev, IRD, Université de Toulouse, France
| | - Eric Deharo
- UMR 152 Pharmadev, IRD, Université de Toulouse, France
| | - Outhay Souvanasy
- Department of Traditional Medicine, Champasak Regional Hospital, Pakse, Lao Peoples Democratic Republic
| | - Phaiboun Sythamala
- Department of Traditional Medicine, Champasak Regional Hospital, Pakse, Lao Peoples Democratic Republic
| | - Kongmany Sydara
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, Vientiane, Lao Peoples Democratic Republic
| | - Vichith Lamxay
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, National University of Laos, Vientiane, Lao Peoples Democratic Republic
| | - Chantanom Manithip
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Health Sciences, Vientiane, Lao Peoples Democratic Republic
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Kariyil B, Devi A, Raj NM, Akhil GH, Balakrishnan-Nair D. Immunomodulatory effect of Kaempferia parviflora against cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression in swiss albino mice. Pharmacogn Mag 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_233_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Dubost JM, Lamxay V, Krief S, Falshaw M, Manithip C, Deharo E. From plant selection by elephants to human and veterinary pharmacopeia of mahouts in Laos. J Ethnopharmacol 2019; 244:112157. [PMID: 31415849 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE To what extent has animal observation contributed to the development of human pharmacopeias? We approach this question here through the study of mahouts' knowledge regarding the responses by elephants to their health problems, and the human medicinal uses of plants and the care of domestic animals that result from their observations. MATERIALS AND METHODS 32 mahouts were interviewed in Thongmyxay district and 28 at the Elephant Conservation Center in the province of Xayabury. Interviews focused on the elephants' diet, health problems, plant items they consume in particular physiological or pathological contexts and the treatments that mahouts provide them. For each plant mentioned, the part of the plant consumed and mode of preparation and administration if used by mahouts were recorded. Species samples were then collected and later identified by specialists. RESULTS 114 species were recorded as being consumed by elephants during interviews with mahouts and forest outings with them to collect samples. Twenty species were identified as used by elephants in particular pathological conditions or physiological states. According to interviewed mahouts, the consumption of certain plants improves the health of the elephant. We observed clear convergences between the observations interpreted by the mahouts as self-medication behaviour from elephants and their own medicinal practices (for human and veterinary purposes). CONCLUSION Beyond a mere reproduction of elephant self-medication behaviours observed, the human or veterinary medicinal cares derived from these observations are the result of complex arrangements integrating all available medicinal and conceptual resources into elaborate preparations. We recommend that mahouts' knowledge about traditional medicinal care given to elephants be further compiled, as it could have a beneficial impact on veterinary health care provided in elephant resorts and elephants' well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Marc Dubost
- UMR 152 Pharmadev, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, France; Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle-UMR 7206, Paris, France
| | - Vichith Lamxay
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Natural Sciences, National University of Laos, Laos
| | - Sabrina Krief
- Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle-UMR 7206, Paris, France
| | - Michael Falshaw
- Elephant Conservation Center, Nam Tien Reservoir, Xayabury District, Laos
| | | | - Eric Deharo
- UMR 152 Pharmadev, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, France.
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Wurchaih, Huar, Menggenqiqig, Khasbagan. Medicinal wild plants used by the Mongol herdsmen in Bairin Area of Inner Mongolia and its comparative study between TMM and TCM. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 2019; 15:32. [PMID: 31269968 PMCID: PMC6609360 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-019-0300-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ethnobotanical studies on folk medicinal plants used by Mongol herdsmen have been conducted in some areas of Inner Mongolia and Xinjiang, China. However, ethnobotanical findings are preliminary and not comprehensive. Mongolian medicinal botanical knowledge has been gradually decreasing. One of the most important reasons is that Mongolian traditional medicine has become an alternative medicine in pasturing areas of China. Collection and analysis of Mongolian folk medicinal botanical knowledge have become extremely important. METHODS From 2008 to 2014, the authors have been to Bairin Right Banner seven times, and from 2016 to 2018, have been to Bairin Left Banner five times. Fieldwork was carried out in 18 villages, and 136 local Mongol herdsmen were interviewed. The methods of free-listing and open-ended questionnaires were used in field survey. Ethnobotanical interview and voucher specimen collections were organized in two ways: local plant specimens were collected beforehand and then interviews were organized; local Mongol herdsmen were invited to the field and were interviewed while collecting voucher specimens. Mongolian was used as the working language, and findings were recorded in Mongolian. Scientific names of plants were confirmed through collection and identification of voucher specimens. RESULTS Among the collected medicinal wild plants, 40 species are used by local Mongol herdsmen. Twenty-six species of folk medicinal plants have been recorded in the literature in the field of Traditional Mongolian Medicine (TMM), and 38 species have been recorded in the field of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). The parts that have medicinal value include roots, whole plant, aerial parts, leaves, fruit, seeds, branches, bulb skin, and stem. For medicinal efficacy, among the collected medicinal plants, 8 species should be fresh. Thirteen species must be dried, and another 16 species can be fresh or dried. After a simple process of sorting and washing, local people soak, pulverize, and mash the medicinal plants. Nineteen species were externally used medicine, and 17 species were internally used medicine (taken orally). Generally, only one or two functions of folk medicine and indications associated with it were provided by local Mongol herdsmen. However, the functions of TMM and TCM and their indications show diversity and have systematic characteristics. More functions of TMM and TCM and their indications have been recorded. In the paper, we also discuss the correspondence between one or two functions of folk medicine with one or two functions of TMM and TCM. CONCLUSION Not many medicinal wild plant species are used by Mongol herdsmen in the Bairin Area. Fourteen species have not been recorded in the literature of TMM, and 2 species have not been recorded in the literature of TCM. Folk knowledge can provide a certain reference value for searching for new medicinal wild plant species. On the whole, fresh plants are commonly used by Mongol herdsmen in the Bairin Area; boiling is the most common preparation method. Most of the crude materials can be used alone. The externally used medicinal parts are more common than those taken orally. A folk medicinal bath may be regarded as a compound drug mixed with two to five species of plant materials. The local Mongol herdsmen fully understand the function of folk medicines and their indications.
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Patel SS, Raghuwanshi R, Masood M, Acharya A, Jain SK. Medicinal plants with acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity. Rev Neurosci 2018; 29:491-529. [PMID: 29303784 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2017-0054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease, a progressive neurodegenerative disease, is characterised by hypofunction of acetylcholine (ACh) neurotransmitter in the distinct region of brain. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is an enzyme that metabolises the ACh at synaptic cleft resulting in Alzheimer's disease. Medicinal plants have been used to treat numerous ailments and improve human health from ancient time. A traditional system of medicine is long recognised for its effective management of neurological disorders. The present review confers the scope of some common medicinal plants with a special focus on AChE-mediated central nervous system complications especially Alzheimer's disease. Literature suggests that medicinal plants reduce neuronal dysfunctions by reducing AChE activity in different brain regions. In some instances, activation of AChE activity by medicinal plants also showed therapeutic potential. In conclusion, medicinal plants have a wide scope and possess therapeutic potential to efficiently manage neurological disorders associated with AChE dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sita Sharan Patel
- Department of Pharmacology, Sagar Institute of Research and Technology-Pharmacy, Bhopal 462041, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Ramsaneh Raghuwanshi
- Department of Pharmacology, Sagar Institute of Research and Technology-Pharmacy, Bhopal 462041, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Misha Masood
- Department of Pharmacology, Sagar Institute of Research and Technology-Pharmacy, Bhopal 462041, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Ashish Acharya
- Department of Pharmacology, Sagar Institute of Research and Technology-Pharmacy, Bhopal 462041, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Surendra Kumar Jain
- Department of Pharmacology, Sagar Institute of Research and Technology-Pharmacy, Bhopal 462041, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Chanthasri W, Puangkeaw N, Kunworarath N, Jaisamut P, Limsuwan S, Maneenoon K, Choochana P, Chusri S. Antioxidant capacities and total phenolic contents of 20 polyherbal remedies used as tonics by folk healers in Phatthalung and Songkhla provinces, Thailand. Altern Ther Health Med 2018; 18:73. [PMID: 29466987 PMCID: PMC5822645 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2131-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Uses of polyherbal formulations have played a major role in traditional medicine. The present study is focused on the formulations used in traditional Thai folkloric medicine as tonics or bracers. Twenty documented polyherbal mixtures, used as nourishing tonics by the folk healers in Phatthalung and Songkhla provinces in southern Thailand, are targeted. Despite traditional health claims, there is no scientific evidence to support the utilization of polyherbal formulations. Methods The phenolic and flavonoid contents of the polyherbal formulations and a series of antioxidant tests were applied to measure their capability as preventive or chain-breaking antioxidants. In addition, the cytotoxic activity of effective formulations was assayed in Vero cells. Results Ninety-eight plant species belonging to 45 families were used to prepare the tested formulation. The preliminary results revealed that water extracts of THP-R016 and THP-R019 contain a high level of total phenolic and flavonoid contents and exhibit remarkable antioxidant activities, as tested by DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays. The extract of THP-R019 also showed the strongest metal chelating activities, whereas THP-R016 extract possessed notable superoxide anion and peroxyl radical scavenging abilities. Conclusions The data provide evidence that the water extracts of folkloric polyherbal formulations, particularly THP-R016, are a potential source of natural antioxidants, which will be valuable in the pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industries. The free radical scavenging of THP-R016 may be due to the contribution of phenolic and flavonoid contents. Useful characteristics for the consumer, such as the phytochemical profiles of active ingredients, cellular based antioxidant properties and beneficial effects in vivo, are under further investigation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12906-018-2131-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Chinnadurai GS, Krishnan S, Perumal P. Studies on detection and analysis of proteases in leaf extract of medicinally important plants. Phytomedicine 2018; 40:176-188. [PMID: 29496170 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNO-PHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The whole plant or the extracts obtained from them have long been used as medicine to treat various human diseases and disorders. Notably, those plants endowed with protease activity have been traditionally used as the agents for treating tumors, digestion disorders, swelling, blood coagulation, fibrinolysis and also for immune-modulation. AIM OF THE STUDY Proteases occupy a pivotal position in enzyme based industries. Plant proteases have been increasingly exploited for pharmaceutical, food, leather and textile processing industries. Earlier investigations have focused on the occurrence of proteases in medicinally unimportant plants. Therefore it has been aimed to study the occurrence of proteolytic enzymes from medicinally important plants establish any correlation exists between protease activity and medicinal use of individual plants. METHODS Crude extract were obtained from the leaves of 80 different medicinal plants. Tris-HCl buffer was used as the extraction buffer and the supernatants obtained were used for determination of total protein and protease activity using spectrophotometric methods. Qualitative screening for the presence of protease was carried out with agar diffusion method by incorporating the substrate. SDS-PAGE was used to analyse the isoforms of protease and for determination of relative molecular mass. RESULTS Relatively higher protease activities were observed in the extracts of leaves of Pongamia pinnata (Fabaceae), Wrightia tinctoria (Apocyanaceae) Acalypha indica (Euphorbiaceae), Adhatoda vasica (Acanthaceae) and Curcuma longa (Zingiberaceae). No correlation was found between the total protein content and protease activity in individual plant species. SDS-PAGE analysis indicated the presence of multiple forms of protease of higher molecular weight range in several plant species. We found a strong correlation between the protease activity and medicinal application of the plant CONCLUSION: The present study has unequivocally revealed that the leaves of medicinal plants could serve as excellent sources of proteases which could be exploited for various industrial, food and pharmaceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gandhi Shree Chinnadurai
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Botany, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600025, India
| | - Sivakumar Krishnan
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Botany, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600025, India
| | - Palani Perumal
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Botany, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai 600025, India.
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Abat JK, Kumar S, Mohanty A. Ethnomedicinal, Phytochemical and Ethnopharmacological Aspects of Four Medicinal Plants of Malvaceae Used in Indian Traditional Medicines: A Review. Medicines (Basel) 2017; 4:E75. [PMID: 29057840 PMCID: PMC5750599 DOI: 10.3390/medicines4040075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The ethnomedicinal values of plants form the basis of the herbal drug industry. India has contributed its knowledge of traditional system medicines (Ayurveda and Siddha) to develop herbal medicines with negligible side effects. The World Health Organization has also recognized the benefits of drugs developed from natural products. Abutilon indicum, Hibiscus sabdariffa, Sida acuta and Sida rhombifolia are ethnomedicinal plants of Malvaceae, commonly used in Indian traditional system of medicines. Traditionally these plants were used in the form of extracts/powder/paste by tribal populations of India for treating common ailments like cough and cold, fever, stomach, kidney and liver disorders, pains, inflammations, wounds, etc. The present review is an overview of phytochemistry and ethnopharmacological studies that support many of the traditional ethnomedicinal uses of these plants. Many phytoconstituents have been isolated from the four ethnomedicinal plants and some of them have shown pharmacological activities that have been demonstrated by in vivo and/or in vitro experiments. Ethnomedicinal uses, supported by scientific evidences is essential for ensuring safe and effective utilization of herbal medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmeet Kaur Abat
- Department of Botany, Gargi College, Sirifort Road, New Delhi110049, India.
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana124001, India.
| | - Aparajita Mohanty
- Department of Botany, Gargi College, Sirifort Road, New Delhi110049, India.
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Santosa E, Lian CL, Sugiyama N, Misra RS, Boonkorkaew P, Thanomchit K. Population structure of elephant foot yams (Amorphophallus paeoniifolius (Dennst.) Nicolson) in Asia. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180000. [PMID: 28658282 PMCID: PMC5489206 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The corms and leaves of elephant foot yams (Amorphophallus paeoniifolius (Dennst.) Nicolson) are important foods in the local diet in many Asian regions. The crop has high productivity and wide agroecological adaptation and exhibits suitability for the agroforestry system. Although the plant is assumed to reproduce via panmixia, a comprehensive study on the genetic background across regions to enhance wider consumer palatability is still lacking. Here, ten informative microsatellites were analyzed in 29 populations across regions in India, Indonesia and Thailand to understand the genetic diversity, population structure and distribution to improve breeding and conservation programs. The genetic diversity was high among and within regions. Some populations exhibited excess heterozygosity and bottlenecking. Pairwise FST indicated very high genetic differentiation across regions (FST = 0.274), and the Asian population was unlikely to be panmictic. Phylogenetic tree construction grouped the populations according to country of origin with the exception of the Medan population from Indonesia. The current gene flow was apparent within the regions but was restricted among the regions. The present study revealed that Indonesia and Thailand populations could be alternative centers of the gene pool, together with India. Consequently, regional action should be incorporated in genetic conservation and breeding efforts to develop new varieties with global acceptance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edi Santosa
- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Chun Lan Lian
- Asian Natural Environmental Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Nishitokyo-shi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuo Sugiyama
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Raj Shekhar Misra
- Central Tuber Crops Research Institute, Sreekariyam, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | | | - Kanokwan Thanomchit
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Brown PN, Lund JA, Murch SJ. A botanical, phytochemical and ethnomedicinal review of the genus Mitragyna korth: Implications for products sold as kratom. J Ethnopharmacol 2017; 202:302-325. [PMID: 28330725 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The genus Mitragyna (Rubiacaeae) has been traditionally used in parts of Africa, Asia and Oceania. In recent years, there has been increased interest in species of Mitragyna with the introduction of products to western markets and regulatory uncertainty. AIM OF THE STUDY This paper reviewed the traditional ethnomedicinal uses of leaves for species belonging to the genus Mitragyna with reference to the botany and known chemistry in order to highlight areas of interest for products currently being sold as kratom. MATERIALS AND METHODS A literature search was conducted using Web of Science, Google Scholar, the Royal Museum for Central Africa, Internet Archive, Hathi Trust, and Biodiversity Heritage Library search engines in the spring of 2015, fall of 2016 and winter of 2017 to document uses of bark, leaf and root material. RESULTS Leaves of M. speciosa (kratom) had the most common documented ethnomedicinal uses as an opium substitute or remedy for addiction. Other species of Mitragyna were reportedly used for treating pain, however the mode of preparation was most often cited as topical application. Other uses of Mitragyna included treatment of fever, skin infections, and as a mild anxiolytic. CONCLUSIONS Mitragyna species have been used medicinally in various parts of the world and that there is significant traditional evidence of use. Modern products that include formulations as topical application of liniments, balms or tinctures may provide effective alternatives for treatment of certain types of pains. Future research is required to establish safety and toxicology limits, medicinal chemistry parameters and the potential for different physiological responses among varying genetic populations to support regulatory requirements for Mitragyna spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula N Brown
- Natural Health Products and Food Research Group, British Columbia Institute of Technology, 4355 Mathissi Place, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5G 4S8; Department of Biology, University of British Columbia, 3247 University Way, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada V1V 1V7
| | - Jensen A Lund
- Natural Health Products and Food Research Group, British Columbia Institute of Technology, 4355 Mathissi Place, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5G 4S8; Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 3247 University Way, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada V1V 1V7
| | - Susan J Murch
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 3247 University Way, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada V1V 1V7.
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Zank S, Hanazaki N. The coexistence of traditional medicine and biomedicine: A study with local health experts in two Brazilian regions. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0174731. [PMID: 28414735 PMCID: PMC5393556 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the combined use of traditional medicine and biomedicine by local experts in Chapada do Araripe communities (Ceará State) and maroon communities (Santa Catarina State), Brazil. The objective was to understand the perception of local health specialists regarding the number of healers, demand for healers and use of medicinal plants, and the dependence of different environments to obtain such plants. We also aimed to understand the role of medicinal plants to treat different categories of diseases and if there is a complementary use of medicinal plants and allopathic biomedicine, according to the context of each group. The research was conducted with local health specialists that answered structured interviews, created free lists and participated in guided tours to collect cited plants. Sixty-six local health specialists were identified in the Araripe communities and 22 specialists in the maroon communities. In the maroon communities, a greater number of specialists thought there was a decrease in the number and demand for healers, as well as the use of medicinal plants, due to changes in traditional livelihoods, since they are located in a region where the effects of the modernization were more intense. In the Chapada do Araripe communities the specialists knew more plants extracted from native vegetation, whereas in the maroon communities cultivated plants were better known, which may reflect the environmental conditions and the history of each region. Medicinal plants are preferred to treat simpler health problems that do not require medical care, such as gastrointestinal problems, general pain, flues and colds. The biomedicine is used principally for problems with blood pressure, general pains and endocrine and nutritional diseases. Even with the particularities of each region, in general the use of medicinal plants and biomedicines occurred in a complementary form in both regions; however, this coexistence may result from these different contexts. This study also found that there was knowledge and appreciation for traditional health practices in both regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Zank
- Laboratory of Human Ecology and Ethnobotany, Department of Ecology and Zoology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Trindade, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Natalia Hanazaki
- Laboratory of Human Ecology and Ethnobotany, Department of Ecology and Zoology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Trindade, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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Chassagne F, Hul S, Deharo E, Bourdy G. Natural remedies used by Bunong people in Mondulkiri province (Northeast Cambodia) with special reference to the treatment of 11 most common ailments. J Ethnopharmacol 2016; 191:41-70. [PMID: 27282662 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2016] [Revised: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE In this paper we present a comprehensive ethnomedicinal study conducted in Mondulkiri province. Traditional knowledge about natural medicine (plants, animals, mushrooms) was investigated in Cambodia's largest indigenous community: the Bunong people. The survey aims to document the medicinal plant use of this ethnic, by focusing on the eleven most frequent diseases encountered in the area, in order to highlight species that could be recommended in public health programs. MATERIALS AND METHODS During the years 2013 and 2014, 202 villagers were interviewed in 28 villages from the five districts in Mondulkiri. Two types of methodology were employed: (1) an ethnobotanical field survey (walk-in-the-wood interviews) and (2) semi-structured household interviews with a special emphasis on the treatment of 11 most common ailments encountered in the area. Medicinal plants and mushrooms were collected and identified together with medicinal animals. The factor informant consensus (FIC) and fidelity level (FL) were calculated. RESULTS Bunong people use a total of 214 plants belonging to 72 families, 1 mushroom and 22 animal species in their traditional healthcare practices in order to treat 51 different ailments. Among the medicinal plants, Fabaceae was the most predominant family; Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M. King and H.Rob. (Asteraceae), Zingiber montanum (J.Koenig) Link ex A.Dietr. (Zingiberaceae) and Kalanchoe pinnata (Lam.) Pers. (Crassulaceae) were the most cited medicinal plants; and four ailments (cold/fever, diarrhea, postpartum disorders and stomachache) were described as major ailments in the community. The root was the most important part of plants used, and decoction was the most cited method of preparation. During our survey, we also discovered a "new to science" plant species called Ardisia mondulkiriensis Hul and Chassagne, and we recorded for the second time the plant species recently described, Solanum sakhanii Hul. CONCLUSION Most of the species reported for the treatment of the 11 most frequent ailments have already been proven to be efficient and safe. Furthermore, 10 plant species are reported for the first time as medicinal and some of them are widely used in the community. Further pharmacological and phytochemical investigations should be undergone to assess the pharmaceutical potential of these species. While undergoing considerable changes, Bunong people have maintained extensive traditional medicine knowledge. As this indigenous hill tribe depend mainly on natural remedies for their daily healthcare, environmental preservation is of high importance for the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Chassagne
- UMR 152 Pharma Dev, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, France; Nomad RSI Organization, Doh Kromom Village, Sokhadom Commune, Senmonorom District, Mondulkiri Province, Cambodia.
| | - Sovanmoly Hul
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (MNHN), Département de Systématique et Évolution, UMR 7205 (ISYEB), Herbier National (P), CP 39, 57 Rue Cuvier, 75231 Paris Cedex 5, France
| | - Eric Deharo
- UMR 152 Pharma Dev, Université de Toulouse, IRD, UPS, France
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Ruamrungsri N, Siengdee P, Sringarm K, Chomdej S, Ongchai S, Nganvongpanit K. In vitro cytotoxic screening of 31 crude extracts of Thai herbs on a chondrosarcoma cell line and primary chondrocytes and apoptotic effects of selected extracts. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2016; 52:434-44. [PMID: 26857828 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-016-0006-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Thirty-one dichloromethane and methanol crude extracts of 16 herb species used in Thai traditional folk medicine were studied for their cytotoxic activities on the SW 1353 chondrosarcoma cell line and primary chondrocytes. Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) cell viability assay and flow cytometric method were used as screening tools for cytotoxicity testing. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was measured and reported for each crude extract. Apoptosis, necrosis, and cell viability were measured by flow cytometry at IC50. Two out of 31 herbal extracts, methanol extracts of Paris polyphylla var. chinensis and Ficus thailandica C.C. Berg & S. Gardner, showed potent anticancer activity. They demonstrated high apoptosis induction activity in SW 1353 cells but had less effect on percentage of viability and necrosis of normal chondrocyte cells. Cytotoxic screening and apoptosis assays suggest the potential anticancer activity of some plants used in Thai traditional medicine and provide information concerning their direct effects.
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Ahmed HM. Ethnopharmacobotanical study on the medicinal plants used by herbalists in Sulaymaniyah Province, Kurdistan, Iraq. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 2016; 12:8. [PMID: 26821541 PMCID: PMC4730727 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-016-0081-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medicinal plants still play an important role in the Kurdish community. Sulaymaniyah Province in South Kurdistan (Iraq) has a great diversity of plants, including medicinal plants, yet very few scattered ethnobotanical studies conducted in Kurdistan are available in the scientific literature. Thus the study of Kurdish ethnobotany may be crucial for understanding local medicinal plant uses and their relationships to surrounding areas. Therefore, the objective of this investigation was to document traditional medicinal plant uses among healers of southern Kurdistan. METHODS An ethnobotanical survey was conducted to document traditional knowledge on medicinal plants uses among traditional healers in the Province of Sulaymaniyah during 2014 and 2015. The data were collected by interviewing 45 traditional healers (36 males and 9 females between the ages of 25 and 80 years) who retain traditional knowledge on medicinal plants. Furthermore, the use value (UV) of taxa was determined and informant consensus factor (ICF) was calculated for the medicinal plants included in the study. Further analysis was carried out to compare the field data with the Kurdish ethnobotanical literature. RESULTS The present study found a total of sixty-six plant species, belonging to sixty-three genera within thirty-four plant families, used to treat ninghty-nine different types of ailments and diseases. The most important family was Lamiaceae (7 species), followed by Apiaceae, Asteraceae, and Fabaceae (6 species each). The most frequently used parts were leaves (46 %), followed by flowers (15 %), and seeds (10 %). The most common preparation method was decoction (68 %), whereas few taxa were consumed as a vegetable (13 %) or ingested in powder form (10 %). The respiratory issues category had the highest ICF value (0.68), followed by inflammations and women's diseases (0.58 and 0.54, respectively). The highest UVs were recorded for the species Zingiber officinale (0.48), Matricaria chamomilla (0.37), Adiantum capillus-veneris (0.31), Thymus vulgaris (0.31) and Pimpinella anisum (0.31). A comparison with previous ethnobotanical studies conducted in Kurdistan (especially within the territory of present-day Turkey) and surrounding areas showed that several medicinal plant reports recorded in the current investigation are new to Kurdish ethnomedicine, and that they have possibly been influenced by other scholarly medical traditions. CONCLUSIONS The present study demonstrates that the area is rich in medicinal plant knowledge. The information reported by the traditional healers of this region is invaluable for further research in the field of cross-cultural ethnobotany and ethnopharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiwa M Ahmed
- Department of Agricultural Extension, Bakrajo Agricultural Technical Institute, Sulaimani Polytechnic University, Kurdistan, Iraq.
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Dinda B, Das N, Dinda S, Dinda M, SilSarma I. The genus Sida L. - A traditional medicine: Its ethnopharmacological, phytochemical and pharmacological data for commercial exploitation in herbal drugs industry. J Ethnopharmacol 2015; 176:135-176. [PMID: 26497766 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Revised: 10/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Sida L. (Malvaceae) has been used for centuries in traditional medicines in different countries for the prevention and treatment of different diseases such as diarrhea, dysentery, gastrointestinal and urinary infections, malarial and other fevers, childbirth and miscarriage problems, skin ailments, cardiac and neural problems, asthma, bronchitis and other respiratory problems, weight loss aid, rheumatic and other inflammations, tuberculosis, etc. AIMS OF THIS REVIEW To assess the scientific evidence for therapeutic potential of Sida L. and to identify the gaps of future research needs. METHODS The available information on the ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology of Sida species was collected via a library and electronic searches in SciFinder, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar for the period, 1933-2015. RESULTS A variety of ethnomedicinal uses of Sida species have been found in India, China, Afrian and American countries. Phytochemical investigation of this genus has resulted in identification of about 142 chemical constituents, among which alkaloids, flavonoids and ecdysteroids are the predominant groups. The crude extracts and isolates have exhibited a wide spectrum of in vitro and in vivo pharmacological effects involving antimicrobial, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, abortifacient, neuroprotective, cardiovascular and cardioprotective, antimalarial, antitubercular, antidiabetic and antiobesity, antioxidant and nephroprotective activities among others. Ethnopharmacological preparations containing Sida species as an ingredient in India, African and American countries possess good efficacy in health disorders. From the toxicity perspective, only three Sida species have been assessed and found safe for oral use in rats. CONCLUSIONS Pharmacological results supported some of the uses of Sida species in the traditional medicine. Alkaloids, flavonoids, other phenolics and ecdysteroids were perhaps responsible for the activities of extracts of the plants of this genus. No clinical study was reported. The detailed study on mechanism of action of isolates and extracts and their clinical study are needed for their use in modern medicine. More attention should be paid to Sida acuta, Sida cordifolia, Sida spinosa, Sida rhombifolia and Sida veronicaefolia in the domain of diarrhea, dysentery, gastrointestinal and urinary infections, skin ailments, asthma, bronchitis and other respiratory problems, malaria, childbirth and miscarriage problems, cardiac and neural problems, weight loss aid, and rheumatic and other inflammations, etc. Furthermore, detailed study on quality and safety assurance data on available ethnopharmacological preparations is needed for their commercial exploitation in local and global markets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswanath Dinda
- Department of Chemistry, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, Agartala 799022, Tripura, India.
| | - Niranjan Das
- Department of Chemistry, Netaji Subhas Mahavidyalaya, Udaipur 799114, Gomati Tripura, India
| | - Subhajit Dinda
- Department of Chemistry, Dasaratha Deb Memorial College, Lalchera, Khowai 799201, Tripura, India
| | - Manikarna Dinda
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Jadavpur University, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Indrajit SilSarma
- Department of Chemistry, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, Agartala 799022, Tripura, India
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