1
|
Zhong X, Yan J, Wei X, Xie T, Zhang Z, Wang K, Sun C, Chen W, Zhu J, Zhao X, Wang X. Shenxiang Suhe pill improves cardiac function through modulating gut microbiota and serum metabolites in rats after acute myocardial infarction. Pharm Biol 2024; 62:1-12. [PMID: 38084911 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2023.2289577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Shenxiang Suhe pill (SXSH), a traditional Chinese medicine, is clinically effective against coronary heart disease, but the mechanism of cardiac-protective function is unclear. OBJECTIVE We investigated the cardiac-protective mechanism of SXSH via modulating gut microbiota and metabolite profiles. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sprague-Dawley (SD) male rats were randomly divided into 6 groups (n = 8): Sham, Model, SXSH (Low, 0.063 g/kg; Medium, 0.126 g/kg; High, 0.252 g/kg), and Ato (atorvastatin, 20 mg/kg). Besides the Sham group, rats were modelled with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) by ligating the anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery (LAD). After 3, 7, 14 days' administration, ultrasound, H&E staining, serum enzymic assay, 16S rRNA sequencing were conducted to investigate the SXSH efficacy. Afterwards, five groups of rats: Sham, Model, Model-ABX (AMI with antibiotics-feeding), SXSH (0.126 g/kg), SXSH-ABX were administrated for 14 days to evaluate the gut microbiota-dependent SXSH efficacy, and serum untargeted metabolomics test was performed. RESULTS 0.126 g/kg of SXSH intervention for 14 days increased ejection fraction (EF, 78.22%), fractional shortening (FS, 109.07%), and aortic valve flow velocities (AV, 21.62%), reduced lesion area, and decreased serum LDH (8.49%) and CK-MB (10.79%). Meanwhile, SXSH upregulated the abundance of Muribaculaceae (199.71%), Allobaculum (1744.09%), and downregulated Lactobacillus (65.51%). The cardiac-protective effect of SXSH was disrupted by antibiotics administration. SXSH altered serum metabolites levels, such as downregulation of 2-n-tetrahydrothiophenecarboxylic acid (THTC, 1.73%), and lysophosphatidylcholine (lysoPC, 4.61%). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION The cardiac-protective effect and suggested mechanism of SXSH could provide a theoretical basis for expanding its application in clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinqin Zhong
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Junyuan Yan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xing Wei
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Tian Xie
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhaojian Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Kaiyue Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Congying Sun
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Hangzhou Hu Qing Yu Tang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiaming Zhu
- Hangzhou Hu Qing Yu Tang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang Y, Huang K, Duan J, Zhao R, Yang L. Gut microbiota connects the brain and the heart: potential mechanisms and clinical implications. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2024; 241:637-651. [PMID: 38407637 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-024-06552-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Nowadays, high morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and high comorbidity rate of neuropsychiatric disorders contribute to global burden of health and economics. Consequently, a discipline concerning abnormal connections between the brain and the heart and the resulting disease states, known as psychocardiology, has garnered interest among researchers. However, identifying a common pathway that physicians can modulate remains a challenge. Gut microbiota, a constituent part of the human intestinal ecosystem, is likely involved in mutual mechanism CVDs and neuropsychiatric disorder share, which could be a potential target of interventions in psychocardiology. This review aimed to discuss complex interactions from the perspectives of microbial and intestinal dysfunction, behavioral factors, and pathophysiological changes and to present possible approaches to regulating gut microbiota, both of which are future directions in psychocardiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, China
| | - Kai Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, China
| | - Jiahao Duan
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, China
| | - Rong Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, China.
| | - Ling Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ren H, Wang Z, Li Y, Liu J. Association of lipopolysaccharide with new-onset atrial fibrillation in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27552. [PMID: 38496897 PMCID: PMC10944234 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is related to various cardiovascular diseases. However, the relationship between LPS and new-onset atrial fibrillation (NOAF) after ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) has yet to be elucidated. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of LPS on NOAF in STEMI patients. Methods This was a single-center retrospective observational study including 806 patients diagnosed with STEMI. LPS levels were determined using a commercial ELISA kit. NOAF was characterized by postadmission AF with the absence of any prior history of AF. Results A total of 806 participants were enrolled, with 752 individuals in the non-AF group (93.3%) and 54 individuals in the AF group (6.7%). Multivariable analysis showed that LPS (OR = 1.047; 95% CI: 1.029-1.065, P < 0.001) was an independent risk marker for NOAF. The analysis of the ROC demonstrated that LPS had an AUC of 0.717 in predicting NOAF. When LPS was added to the conventional model, the ability of the risk model to discriminate and reclassify NOAF was improved significantly (IDI 0.053, P = 0.001; NRI 0.510, P < 0.001). Conclusion Elevated LPS is associated with an increased risk of NOAF in STEMI patients. The integration of LPS can improve the ability to predict NOAF in STEMI patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Honglong Ren
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First People's Hospital of Yuhang District, Hangzhou, 311100, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhonghua Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First People's Hospital of Yuhang District, Hangzhou, 311100, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital of Yuhang District, Hangzhou, 311100, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinqi Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Huai'an Second People's Hospital, 223001, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ouyang J, Zhao L, Song Y, Qu H, Du T, Shi L, Cui Z, Jiang Z, Gao Z. Trends in gut-heart axis and heart failure research (1993-2023): A bibliometric and visual analysis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25995. [PMID: 38404792 PMCID: PMC10884449 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The incidence of heart failure, the terminal stage of several cardiovascular diseases, is increasing owing to population growth and aging. Bidirectional crosstalk between the gut and heart plays a significant role in heart failure. This study aimed to analyze the gut-heart axis and heart failure from a bibliometric perspective. Methods We extracted literature regarding the gut-heart axis and heart failure from the Web of Science Core Collection database (January 1, 1993, to June 30, 2023) and conducted bibliometric and visualization analyses using Microsoft Excel, CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and the R package "bibliometrix." Results The final analysis included 1646 articles with an average of 35.38 citations per article. Despite some fluctuations, the number of articles published per year has steadily increased over the past 31 years, particularly since 2018. A total of 9412 authors from 2287 institutions in 86 countries have contributed to this field. The USA and China have been the most productive countries, with the Cleveland Clinic in the USA and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin in Germany being the most active institutions. The cooperation between countries/regions and institutions was relatively close. Professor Tang WHW was the most productive author in the field and the journal Shocks published the highest number of articles. "Heart failure," "gut microbiota," "trimethylamine N-oxide," and "inflammation" were the most common keywords, representing the current research hotspots. The keyword burst analysis indicated that "gut microbiota" and "short-chain fatty acids" are the current frontier research topics in this field. Conclusion Research on the gut-heart axis and heart failure is increasing. This bibliometric analysis indicated that the mechanisms associated with the gut-heart axis and heart failure, particularly the gut microbiota, trimethylamine N-oxide, inflammation, and short-chain fatty acids, will become hotspots and emerging trends in research in this field. These findings provide valuable insights into current research and future directions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Ouyang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Lingli Zhao
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Yewen Song
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Hua Qu
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Tianyi Du
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Liu Shi
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Zhijie Cui
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Zhonghui Jiang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Zhuye Gao
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hernández-Ruiz P, Escalona Montaño AR, Amezcua-Guerra LM, González-Pacheco H, Niccolai E, Amedei A, Aguirre-García MM. Potential Association of the Oral Microbiome with Trimethylamine N-Oxide Quantification in Mexican Patients with Myocardial Infarction. Mediators Inflamm 2024; 2024:3985731. [PMID: 38415052 PMCID: PMC10898950 DOI: 10.1155/2024/3985731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Many attempts have been proposed to evaluate the linkage between the oral-gut-liver axis and the mechanisms related to the diseases' establishment. One of them is the oral microbiota translocation into the bloodstream, liver, and gut, promoting a host dysbiosis and triggering the presence of some metabolites such as trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), known as a risk marker for cardiovascular disease, and especially the myocardial infarction (MI). In the present pilot study, the involvement of oral dysbiosis related to the presence of TMAO has been considered an independent component of the standard risk factors (SRs) in the development of MI, which has not been previously described in human cohorts. A positive and significant correlation of TMAO levels with Porphyromonas was identified; likewise, the increase of the genus Peptidiphaga in patients without SRs was observed. We determined that the presence of SRs does not influence the TMAO concentration in these patients. This report is the first study where the relationship between oral dysbiosis and TMAO is specified in the Mexican population. Our findings provide information on the possible contribution of the oral pathogens associated with gut dysbiosis in the development of MI, although further analysis should be performed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Hernández-Ruiz
- Unidad de Investigación UNAM-INC, División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Alma R Escalona Montaño
- Unidad de Investigación UNAM-INC, División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Luis M Amezcua-Guerra
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Héctor González-Pacheco
- Unidad de Cuidados Coronarios, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Elena Niccolai
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence 50134, Italy
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence 50134, Italy
- Interdisciplinary Internal Medicine Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence 50134, Italy
| | - María M Aguirre-García
- Unidad de Investigación UNAM-INC, División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ria F, Delogu G, Ingrosso L, Sali M, Di Sante G. Secrets and lies of host-microbial interactions: MHC restriction and trans-regulation of T cell trafficking conceal the role of microbial agents on the edge between health and multifactorial/complex diseases. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:40. [PMID: 38216734 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-05040-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Here we critically discuss data supporting the view that microbial agents (pathogens, pathobionts or commensals alike) play a relevant role in the pathogenesis of multifactorial diseases, but their role is concealed by the rules presiding over T cell antigen recognition and trafficking. These rules make it difficult to associate univocally infectious agents to diseases' pathogenesis using the paradigm developed for canonical infectious diseases. (Cross-)recognition of a variable repertoire of epitopes leads to the possibility that distinct infectious agents can determine the same disease(s). There can be the need for sequential infection/colonization by two or more microorganisms to develop a given disease. Altered spreading of infectious agents can determine an unwanted activation of T cells towards a pro-inflammatory and trafficking phenotype, due to differences in the local microenvironment. Finally, trans-regulation of T cell trafficking allows infectious agents unrelated to the specificity of T cell to modify their homing to target organs, thereby driving flares of disease. The relevant role of microbial agents in largely prevalent diseases provides a conceptual basis for the evaluation of more specific therapeutic approaches, targeted to prevent (vaccine) or cure (antibiotics and/or Biologic Response Modifiers) multifactorial diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Ria
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Section of General Pathology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - G Delogu
- Mater Olbia Hospital, 07026, Olbia, Italy
- Department of Biotechnological, Basic, Intensivological and Perioperatory Sciences-Section of Microbiology, Università Cattolica del S Cuore, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - L Ingrosso
- Department Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161, Rome, Italy
- European Program for Public Health Microbiology Training (EUPHEM), European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Sali
- Department of Biotechnological, Basic, Intensivological and Perioperatory Sciences-Section of Microbiology, Università Cattolica del S Cuore, 00168, Rome, Italy
- Department of Laboratory and Infectivology Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - G Di Sante
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Section of Human, Clinical and Forensic Anatomy, University of Perugia, 60132, Perugia, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang J, Hu Z, Xu Q, Shi Y, Cao X, Ma Y, Wang M, Zhang C, Luo X, Lin F, Li X, Duan Y, Cai H. Gut microbiome-based noninvasive diagnostic model to predict acute coronary syndromes. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 13:1305375. [PMID: 38298920 PMCID: PMC10829574 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1305375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have shown that alterations in the gut microbiota are closely associated with Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) development. However, the value of gut microbiota for early diagnosis of ACS remains understudied. Methods We recruited 66 volunteers, including 29 patients with a first diagnosis of ACS and 37 healthy volunteers during the same period, collected their fecal samples, and sequenced the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. Functional prediction of the microbiota was performed using PICRUSt2. Subsequently, we constructed a nomogram and corresponding webpage based on microbial markers to assist in the diagnosis of ACS. The diagnostic performance and usefulness of the model were analyzed using boostrap internal validation, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA). Results Compared to that of healthy controls, the diversity and composition of microbial community of patients with ACS was markedly abnormal. Potentially pathogenic genera such as Streptococcus and Acinetobacter were significantly increased in the ACS group, whereas certain SCFA-producing genera such as Blautia and Agathobacter were depleted. In addition, in the correlation analysis with clinical indicators, the microbiota was observed to be associated with the level of inflammation and severity of coronary atherosclerosis. Finally, a diagnostic model for ACS based on gut microbiota and clinical variables was developed with an area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) of 0.963 (95% CI: 0.925-1) and an AUC value of 0.948 (95% CI: 0.549-0.641) for bootstrap internal validation. The calibration curves of the model show good consistency between the actual and predicted probabilities. The DCA showed that the model had a high net clinical benefit for clinical applications. Conclusion Our study is the first to characterize the composition and function of the gut microbiota in patients with ACS and healthy populations in Southwest China and demonstrates the potential effect of the microbiota as a non-invasive marker for the early diagnosis of ACS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jincheng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhao Hu
- Department of Geriatric Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Qiuyue Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Yunke Shi
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xingyu Cao
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yiming Ma
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Mingqiang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Chaoyue Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xiang Luo
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Fanru Lin
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xianbin Li
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yong Duan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Hongyan Cai
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Peng X, Du J, Wang Y. Metabolic signatures in post-myocardial infarction heart failure, including insights into prediction, intervention, and prognosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:116079. [PMID: 38150879 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a prevalent long-term complication of myocardial infarction (MI). The incidence of post-MI HF is high, and patients with the condition have a poor prognosis. Accurate identification of individuals at high risk for post-MI HF is crucial for implementation of a protective and ideally personalized strategy to prevent fatal events. Post-MI HF is characterized by adverse cardiac remodeling, which results from metabolic changes in response to long-term ischemia. Moreover, various risk factors, including genetics, diet, and obesity, can influence metabolic pathways in patients. This review focuses on the metabolic signatures of post-MI HF that could serve as non-invasive biomarkers for early identification in high-risk populations. We also explore how metabolism participates in the pathophysiology of post-MI HF. Furthermore, we discuss the potential of metabolites as novel targets for treatment of post-MI HF and as biomarkers for prognostic evaluation. It is expected to provide valuable suggestions for the clinical prevention and treatment of post-MI HF from a metabolic perspective.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Peng
- Beijing Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cardiovascular Disorders, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China; Key Laboratory of Remodeling-related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100029, China; Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China; Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jie Du
- Beijing Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cardiovascular Disorders, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China; Key Laboratory of Remodeling-related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100029, China; Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China; Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Yuan Wang
- Beijing Collaborative Innovation Centre for Cardiovascular Disorders, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China; Key Laboratory of Remodeling-related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100029, China; Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China; Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Disease, No. 2 Anzhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Le HT, Lubian AF, Bowring B, van der Poorten D, Iredell J, George J, Venturini C, Ahlenstiel G, Read S. Using a human colonoid-derived monolayer to study bacteriophage translocation. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2331520. [PMID: 38517357 PMCID: PMC10962583 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2331520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacteriophages (phages) are estimated to be the most abundant microorganisms on Earth. Their presence in human blood suggests that they can translocate from non-sterile sites such as the gastrointestinal tract where they are concentrated. To examine phage translocation ex vivo, we adapted a primary colonoid monolayer model possessing cell diversity and architecture, and a thick layer of mucus akin to the colonic environment in vivo. We show that the colonoid monolayer is superior to the Caco-2 cell-line model, possessing intact and organized tight junctions and generating a physiologically relevant mucus layer. We showed, using two different phages, that translocation across the colonoid monolayer was largely absent in differentiated monolayers that express mucus, unlike Caco-2 cultures that expressed little to no mucus. By stimulating mucus production or removing mucus, we further demonstrated the importance of colonic mucus in preventing phage translocation. Finally, we used etiological drivers of gut permeability (alcohol, fat, and inflammatory cytokines) to measure their effects on phage translocation, demonstrating that all three stimuli have the capacity to amplify phage translocation. These findings suggest that phage translocation does occur in vivo but may be largely dependent on colonic mucus, an important insight to consider in future phage applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huu Thanh Le
- Blacktown Clinical School, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | - Alicia Fajardo Lubian
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology (CIDM), Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
- Sydney Infectious Diseases Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Bethany Bowring
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology (CIDM), Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | - David van der Poorten
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, Australia
| | - Jonathan Iredell
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology (CIDM), Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
- Sydney Infectious Diseases Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jacob George
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, Australia
- School of Medicine, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Carola Venturini
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology (CIDM), Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Golo Ahlenstiel
- Blacktown Clinical School, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
- Blacktown Mt Druitt Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Scott Read
- Blacktown Clinical School, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
- Blacktown Mt Druitt Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Jia W, Sun J, Cao X, Xu Y, Wu Z, Zhou C, Huo J, Su S, Zhen M, Wang C, Bai C. Recovering intestinal redox homeostasis to resolve systemic inflammation for preventing remote myocardial injury by oral fullerenes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2311673120. [PMID: 38109541 PMCID: PMC10756291 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2311673120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The unbalanced immune state is the dominant feature of myocardial injury. However, the complicated pathology of cardiovascular diseases and the unique structure of cardiac tissue lead to challenges for effective immunoregulation therapy. Here, we exploited oral fullerene nanoscavenger (OFNS) to maintain intestinal redox homeostasis to resolve systemic inflammation for effectively preventing distal myocardial injury through bidirectional communication along the heart-gut immune axis. Observably, OFNS regulated redox microenvironment to repair cellular injury and reduce inflammation in vitro. Subsequently, OFNS prevented myocardial injury by regulating intestinal redox homeostasis and recovering epithelium barrier integrity in vivo. Based on the profiles of transcriptomics and proteomics, we demonstrated that OFNS balanced intestinal and systemic immune homeostasis for remote cardioprotection. Of note, we applied this principle to intervene myocardial infarction in mice and mini-pigs. These findings highlight that locally addressing intestinal redox to inhibit systemic inflammation could be a potent strategy for resolving remote tissue injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wang Jia
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Jiacheng Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Xinran Cao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Yuan Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Zhanfeng Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Chen Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Jiawei Huo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Shenge Su
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Mingming Zhen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Chunru Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Chunli Bai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Liu TT, Wang J, Liang Y, Wu XY, Li WQ, Wang YH, Jing AR, Liang MM, Sun L, Dou J, Liu JY, Liu Y, Cui Z, Gao J. The level of serum total bile acid is related to atherosclerotic lesions, prognosis and gut Lactobacillus in acute coronary syndrome patients. Ann Med 2023; 55:2232369. [PMID: 37453928 PMCID: PMC10351454 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2232369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bile acids play crucial roles in various metabolisms, as well as Lactobacillus in the intestine. But studies on their roles in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) are still insufficient. The aim of this study was to investigate their role and potential association with the severity of coronary lesions and the prognosis of ACS. METHODS Three hundred and sixty ACS patients were selected. Detection of gut Lactobacillus levels was done through 16S rDNA sequence analysis. Evaluation of the extent of lesions was done using the SYNTAX (SS) score. Mediation analysis was used to assess the relationship between serum total bile acid (TBA), Lactobacillus, atherosclerotic lesions and prognosis of ACS. RESULTS Logistic regressive analysis disclosed that serum TBA and Lactobacillus were independent predictors of coronary lesions (high vs. low SS: serum TBA adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 0.8, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.6-0.9, p < .01; Lactobacillus: aOR = 0.9, 95% CI: 0.9-1.0, p = .03). According to multivariate Cox regression analysis, they were negatively correlated with the overall risk of all-cause death (serum TBA: adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 0.1, 95% CI: 0.0-0.6, p = .02; Lactobacillus: aHR = 0.6, 95% CI: 0.4-0.9, p = .01), especially in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) but not in unstable angina pectoris (UAP). Ulteriorly, mediation analysis showed that serum TBA played an important role as a mediation effect in the following aspects: Lactobacillus (17.0%, p < .05) → SS association (per 1 standard deviation (SD) increase), Lactobacillus (43.0%, p < .05) → all-cause death (per 1 SD increase) and Lactobacillus (45.4%, p < .05) → cardiac death (per 1 SD increase). CONCLUSIONS The lower serum TBA and Lactobacillus level in ACS patients, especially in AMI, was independently linked to the risk of coronary lesions, all-cause death and cardiac death. In addition, according to our mediation model, serum TBA served as a partial intermediate in predicting coronary lesions and the risk of death by Lactobacillus, which is paramount to further exploring the mechanism of Lactobacillus and bile acids in ACS.KEY MESSAGESLower level of serum total bile acid (TBA) was highly associated with the severity of coronary lesions, myocardial damage, inflammation and gut Lactobacillus in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients, especially in acute myocardial infarction (AMI).Lower level of serum TBA was highly associated with mortality (including all-cause death and cardiac death) in patients with ACS, especially with AMI.Serum TBA had a partial mediating effect rather than regulating effect between gut Lactobacillus and coronary lesions and prognosis of ACS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Liu
- Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, PR China
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Jie Wang
- Tianjin Children’s Hospital, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Yan Liang
- Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Xiao-Yuan Wu
- Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Wen-Qing Li
- Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Yu-Hang Wang
- Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, PR China
| | - An-Ran Jing
- Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Miao-Miao Liang
- Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Li Sun
- Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Jing Dou
- Thoracic Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, PR China
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Jing-Yu Liu
- Thoracic Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, PR China
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Yin Liu
- Thoracic Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, PR China
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Zhuang Cui
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Jing Gao
- Thoracic Clinical College, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, PR China
- Chest Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, PR China
- Cardiovascular Institute, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, PR China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Emergency and Critical Care, Tianjin, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ząbczyk M, Kruk A, Natorska J, Undas A. Low-grade endotoxemia in acute pulmonary embolism: Links with prothrombotic plasma fibrin clot phenotype. Thromb Res 2023; 232:70-76. [PMID: 37949000 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2023.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) can traverse the intestinal barrier and enter bloodstream, causing endotoxemia and triggering inflammation. Increased circulating LPS was reported in arterial thromboembolism. We investigated whether increased LPS levels occur in acute pulmonary embolism (PE) and if it is associated with a prothrombotic state. METHODS We studied 120 normotensive PE patients (aged 59 [48-68] years) on admission, after 5-7 days, and after a 3-month anticoagulation. Serum LPS levels, along with zonulin, a marker of gut permeability, endogenous thrombin potential (ETP), fibrin clot permeability (Ks), clot lysis time (CLT), fibrinolysis proteins, and platelet markers were assessed. RESULTS Median LPS concentration on admission was 70.5 (61.5-82) pg/mL (min-max, 34-134 pg/mL), in association with C-reactive protein (r = 0.22, p = 0.018), but not with fibrinogen, D-dimer or platelet markers. Patients with more severe PE had higher LPS levels compared with the remainder. Median zonulin level was 3.26 (2.74-4.08) ng/mL and correlated with LPS (r = 0.66, p < 0.0001). Patients with baseline LPS levels in the top quartile (≥82 pg/mL; n = 29) compared to lower quartiles had 18.6 % increased ETP, 14.5 % reduced Ks, and 25.3 % prolonged CLT, related to higher plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) levels. LPS decreased by 23.4 % after 5-7 days and by 40.4 % after 3-month anticoagulation together with reduced zonulin by 18.4 % and 22.3 %, respectively, compared to baseline (all p < 0.001). LPS levels were not related with fibrin characteristics and other variables assessed at 3 months. CONCLUSIONS Low-grade endotoxemia is detectable in patients with acute PE and may contribute to increased thrombin generation and PAI-1-mediated hypofibrinolysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michał Ząbczyk
- St. John Paul II Hospital, Kraków, Poland; Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | | | - Joanna Natorska
- St. John Paul II Hospital, Kraków, Poland; Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anetta Undas
- St. John Paul II Hospital, Kraków, Poland; Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Dean YE, Rouzan SS, Loayza Pintado JJ, Talat NE, Mohamed ARH, Verma S, Anwar Kamdi Z, Gir D, Helmy A, Helmy Z, Afzal A, Mady T, Hazimeh Y, Aiash H. Serum trimethylamine N-oxide levels among coronary artery disease and acute coronary syndrome patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2023; 85:6123-6133. [PMID: 38098555 PMCID: PMC10718322 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim Recent studies have linked trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) to cardiovascular diseases; our study aimed to analyze the association between coronary artery disease (CAD), acute coronary syndrome (ACS), and TMAO. Methods PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science were searched using terms such as 'CAD' and 'TMAO'. Only observational controlled studies were included. RevMan software version 5.4 was used for the analysis. Results A significant association was found between the CAD group and increased serum TMAO levels compared with the control group (MD=1.16, 95% CI=0.54-1.78, P=0.0003). This association remained significant among acute coronary syndrome patients (MD=0.98, 95% CI=0.73-1.23, P<0.00001) and was also detected among young and old CAD patients (MD=0.35, 95% CI=0.06-0.64, P=0.02 and MD=1.36, 95% CI=0.71-2.01, P<0.0001, respectively). On further analysis of intestinal metabolites, the authors detected an insignificant association between choline, betaine, carnitine, and CAD. According to our sensitivity analysis, TMAO is an acceptable diagnostic marker for CAD (0.721, SE was 0.0816, 95% CI: 0.561-0.881). Conclusion TMAO is an acceptable diagnostic marker for CAD, with significantly higher levels among these patients regardless of their age. Other metabolites did not show such an association. The role of serum level TMAO in the early diagnosis of CAD should be further explored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yomna E. Dean
- Alexandria University, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria
- Alexandria Medical Center (AMC)
| | | | | | | | | | - Suman Verma
- Maharishi Markandeshwar Medical College and Hospital, Solan, India
| | | | - Deepak Gir
- St. Joseph’s Medical Center, Stockton, CA, USA
| | - Ahmed Helmy
- Kharkiv National Medical University, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Zakaria Helmy
- 6th October University, Faculty of Medicine, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahson Afzal
- Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Tamer Mady
- International American University, College of Medicine, Saint Lucia, Caribbean
| | - Yusef Hazimeh
- Lebanese University
- Zahraa Hospital, University Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hani Aiash
- 6th October University, Faculty of Medicine, Giza, Egypt
- SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Liu S, He Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Huang K, Deng L, Liao B, Zhong Y, Feng J. Targeting gut microbiota in aging-related cardiovascular dysfunction: focus on the mechanisms. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2290331. [PMID: 38073096 PMCID: PMC10730151 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2290331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The global population is aging and age-related cardiovascular disease is increasing. Even after controlling for cardiovascular risk factors, readmission and mortality rates remain high. In recent years, more and more in-depth studies have found that the composition of the gut microbiota and its metabolites, such as trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), bile acids (BAs), and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), affect the occurrence and development of age-related cardiovascular diseases through a variety of molecular pathways, providing a new target for therapy. In this review, we discuss the relationship between the gut microbiota and age-related cardiovascular diseases, and propose that the gut microbiota could be a new therapeutic target for preventing and treating cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yufeng He
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yali Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhaolun Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Keming Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Deng
- Department of Rheumatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Liao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhong
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Feng
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wang Y, Qiao M, Yao X, Feng Z, Hu R, Chen J, Liu L, Liu J, Sun Y, Guo Y. Lidocaine ameliorates intestinal barrier dysfunction in irritable bowel syndrome by modulating corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 2. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2023; 35:e14677. [PMID: 37736684 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.14677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal barrier dysfunction is a prevalent pathogenic factor underlying various disorders. Currently there is no effective resolution. Previous studies have reported the potential anti-inflammatory properties of lidocaine and its ability to alleviate visceral hypersensitivity in individuals with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Therefore, our study will further verify the effect of lidocaine on intestinal barrier dysfunction in IBS and investigate the underlying mechanisms. METHODS In this study, we investigated the role of lidocaine by assessing visceral hypersensitivity, body weight, inflammatory factors, fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran 4000 (FD4) flux, tight junctions (TJs) and spleen and thymus index in rats subjected to water avoidance stress (WAS) to mimic intestinal barrier dysfunction in IBS with and without lidocaine. In vitro, we investigated the role of corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 2 (CRHR2) in lidocaine-treated Caco2 cells using small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting CRHR2. KEY RESULTS In WAS rats, lidocaine significantly restored weight loss, damaged TJs, spleen index and thymus index and inhibited abdominal hypersensitivity as well as blood levels of markers indicating intestinal permeability, such as diamine oxidase (DAO), D-lactic acid (D-Lac) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Consequently, the leakage of FD4 flux from intestine was significantly attenuated in lidocaine group, and levels of intestinal inflammatory factors (IL-1β, IFN-γ, TNF-α) were reduced. Interestingly, lidocaine significantly suppressed corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) levels in lamina propria cells, while the CRH receptor CRHR2 was upregulated in intestinal epithelial cells. In vitro, lidocaine enhanced the expression of CRHR2 on Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells and restored disrupted TJs and the epithelial barrier caused by LPS. Conversely, these effects were diminished by a CRHR2 antagonist and siRNA-CRHR2, suggesting that the protective effect of lidocaine depends on CRHR2. CONCLUSIONS AND INFERENCES Lidocaine ameliorates intestinal barrier dysfunction in IBS by potentially modulating the expression of CRHR2 on intestinal epithelial cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanrong Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Tianfu New Area People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingbiao Qiao
- Department of Pathology, De Yang People's Hospital, Deyang, China
| | - Xue Yao
- Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Second Chengdu Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhonghui Feng
- Center of Gastrointestinal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Second Chengdu Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruiqi Hu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jianguo Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Second Chengdu Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinbo Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yueshan Sun
- Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Second Chengdu Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuanbiao Guo
- Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Second Chengdu Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Chen G, Zhou X, Zhu Y, Shi W, Kong L. Gut microbiome characteristics in subjective cognitive decline, mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Neurol 2023; 30:3568-3580. [PMID: 37399128 DOI: 10.1111/ene.15961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The gut microbiome has been reported to be closely related to Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression. Here, a comprehensive meta-analysis of gut microbial characteristics in AD, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and subjective cognitive decline (SCD) was performed to compare gut microbial alterations at each stage. METHODS A total of 10 databases (CNKI, WanFang, VIP, SinoMed, WOS, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO and Void) were searched and 34 case-control studies were included. α and β diversity and the relative abundance of gut microbiota were analysed as outcome indices. Data analysis was performed using Review Manager (5.4.1) and R. RESULTS Chao1 and Shannon index levels in AD were significantly lower compared with healthy controls (HCs), and the Chao1 index was significantly lower in MCI compared with HCs. There was a significant difference in β diversity of gut microbiomes in patients (SCD, MCI, AD) compared with HCs. The relative abundance of Firmicutes at the phylum level was significantly lower in patients with AD and MCI than HCs. However, the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes at the phylum level was significantly higher in patients with MCI than HCs. There was an increasing trend for Enterobacteriaceae and a decreasing trend for Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae and Lactobacillus during AD; Lactobacillus showed a decreasing trend early in SCD. CONCLUSION Our results indicated that there were gut microbiological abnormalities in AD, even as early as the SCD stage. The dynamic, consistent changes in gut microbes with the disease process showed that they might serve as potential biomarkers for early identification and diagnosis of AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guanlin Chen
- Department of Psychology, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoqi Zhou
- Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yikang Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wendian Shi
- Department of Psychology, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Kong
- Department of Psychology, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhan C, Tang T, Wu E, Zhang Y, He M, Wu R, Bi C, Wang J, Zhang Y, Shen B. From multi-omics approaches to personalized medicine in myocardial infarction. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1250340. [PMID: 37965091 PMCID: PMC10642346 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1250340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a prevalent cardiovascular disease characterized by myocardial necrosis resulting from coronary artery ischemia and hypoxia, which can lead to severe complications such as arrhythmia, cardiac rupture, heart failure, and sudden death. Despite being a research hotspot, the etiological mechanism of MI remains unclear. The emergence and widespread use of omics technologies, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and other omics, have provided new opportunities for exploring the molecular mechanism of MI and identifying a large number of disease biomarkers. However, a single-omics approach has limitations in understanding the complex biological pathways of diseases. The multi-omics approach can reveal the interaction network among molecules at various levels and overcome the limitations of the single-omics approaches. This review focuses on the omics studies of MI, including genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and other omics. The exploration extended into the domain of multi-omics integrative analysis, accompanied by a compilation of diverse online resources, databases, and tools conducive to these investigations. Additionally, we discussed the role and prospects of multi-omics approaches in personalized medicine, highlighting the potential for improving diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of MI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaoying Zhan
- Department of Cardiology and Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tong Tang
- Department of Cardiology and Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Erman Wu
- Department of Cardiology and Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuxin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology and Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- KeyLaboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengqiao He
- Department of Cardiology and Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rongrong Wu
- Department of Cardiology and Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Bi
- Department of Cardiology and Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- KeyLaboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiao Wang
- Department of Cardiology and Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yingbo Zhang
- Department of Cardiology and Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Bairong Shen
- Department of Cardiology and Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Pan Z, Wu N, Jin C. Intestinal Microbiota Dysbiosis Promotes Mucosal Barrier Damage and Immune Injury in HIV-Infected Patients. Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol 2023; 2023:3080969. [PMID: 37927531 PMCID: PMC10625490 DOI: 10.1155/2023/3080969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
The intestinal microbiota is an "invisible organ" in the human body, with diverse components and complex interactions. Homeostasis of the intestinal microbiota plays a pivotal role in maintaining the normal physiological process and regulating immune homeostasis. By reviewing more than one hundred related studies concerning HIV infection and intestinal microbiota from 2011 to 2023, we found that human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection can induce intestinal microbiota dysbiosis, which not only worsens clinical symptoms but also promotes the occurrence of post-sequelae symptoms and comorbidities. In the early stage of HIV infection, the intestinal mucosal barrier is damaged and a persistent inflammatory response is induced. Mucosal barrier damage and immune injury play a pivotal role in promoting the post-sequelae symptoms caused by HIV infection. This review summarizes the relationship between dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota and mucosal barrier damage during HIV infection and discusses the potential mechanisms of intestinal barrier damage induced by intestinal microbiota dysbiosis and inflammation. Exploring these molecular mechanisms might provide new ideas to improve the efficacy of HIV treatment and reduce the incidence of post-sequelae symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyi Pan
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, China
| | - Nanping Wu
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, China
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Changzhong Jin
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, China
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zhao W, Han Y, Shao D, Han C, Tian Y, Huang Q. Effects of ultra-strong static magnetic field on the gut microbiota of humans and mice. Bioelectromagnetics 2023; 44:211-220. [PMID: 37655442 DOI: 10.1002/bem.22482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
To explore the effect of ultra-strong static magnetic field on gut microbiota, 16 T static magnetic field was used to study the changes in the structure and composition of human and mouse gut microbiota in this environment. In the mouse gut microbiota, at the genus level, the magnetic field significantly decreased the relative abundances of Escherichia-Shigella, Lactobacillus, Enterococcus, Burkholderia-Caballeronia-Paraburkholderia, Parasutterella, and Ralstonia and significantly increased those of Parabacteroides, Alloprevotella, Alistipes, Odoribacter, Bacteroides, Mucispirillum, Sutterella, and Prevotellaceae_UCG-001. Similarly, at the genus level, the relative abundances of Bacteroides, Parabacteroides, Romboutsia, and Streptococcus significantly decreased in the human gut microbiota. Contrary to the changing trend of the abundance in the mouse gut, the abundances of Bacteroides and Parabacteroides in the human gut were significantly reduced under magnetic field. The BugBase phenotypic prediction analysis showed that the relative abundances of five phenotypes, including anaerobism, mobile elements, potential pathogenicity, stress-tolerant, and biofilm formation, changed significantly in the mouse gut microbiota, while the relative abundances of two phenotypes, including Gram-positive and Gram-negative phenotypes, changed significantly in the human gut microbiota. The 16 T magnetic field could differently affect the composition, structure, and phenotypes of gut microbiota in human and mice, suggesting the importance of model selection in studying the biological effects of magnetic field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yijuan Han
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Dongyan Shao
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Cuicui Han
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yixiao Tian
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qingsheng Huang
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Violi F, Castellani V, Menichelli D, Pignatelli P, Pastori D. Gut barrier dysfunction and endotoxemia in heart failure: A dangerous connubium? Am Heart J 2023; 264:40-48. [PMID: 37301317 DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2023.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a leading cause of death worldwide despite recent advances in pharmacological treatments. Gut microbiota dysbiosis and gut barrier dysfunction with consequent bacterial translocation and increased blood endotoxemia has gained much attention as one of the key pathogenetic mechanisms contributing to increased mortality of patients at risk or with cardiovascular disease. Indeed, increased blood levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a glycolipid of outer membrane of gut gram-negative bacteria, have been detected in patients with diabetes, obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease or in patients with established coronary disease such as myocardial infarction or atrial fibrillation, suggesting endotoxemia as aggravating factor via systemic inflammation and eventually vascular damage. Upon interaction with its receptor Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) LPS may, in fact, act at different cellular levels so eliciting formation of proinflammatory cytokines or exerting a procoagulant activity. Increasing body of evidence pointed to endotoxemia as factor potentially deteriorating the clinical course of patients with HF, that, in fact, is associated with gut dysbiosis-derived changes of gut barrier functionality and eventually bacteria or bacterial product translocation into systemic circulation. The aim of this review is to summarize current experimental and clinical evidence on the mechanisms linking gut dysbiosis-related endotoxemia with HF, its potential negative impact with HF progression, and the therapeutic strategies that can counteract endotoxemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Violi
- Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiological, and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; Mediterranea Cardiocentro-Napoli, Naples, Italy.
| | - Valentina Castellani
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical Specialty, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Danilo Menichelli
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical Specialty, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Pasquale Pignatelli
- Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiological, and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy; Mediterranea Cardiocentro-Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Daniele Pastori
- Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiological, and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Bishehsari F, Drees M, Adnan D, Sharma D, Green S, Koshy J, Giron LB, Goldman A, Abdel-Mohsen M, Rasmussen HE, Miller GE, Keshavarzian A. Multi-omics approach to socioeconomic disparity in metabolic syndrome reveals roles of diet and microbiome. Proteomics 2023; 23:e2300023. [PMID: 37525324 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202300023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
The epidemy of metabolic syndrome (MetS) is typically preceded by adoption of a "risky" lifestyle (e.g., dietary habit) among populations. Evidence shows that those with low socioeconomic status (SES) are at an increased risk for MetS. To investigate this, we recruited 123 obese subjects (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 30) from Chicago. Multi-omic data were collected to interrogate fecal microbiota, systemic markers of inflammation and immune activation, plasma metabolites, and plasma glycans. Intestinal permeability was measured using the sugar permeability testing. Our results suggest a heterogenous metabolic dysregulation among obese populations who are at risk of MetS. Systemic inflammation, linked to poor diet, intestinal microbiome dysbiosis, and gut barrier dysfunction may explain the development of MetS in these individuals. Our analysis revealed 37 key features associated with increased numbers of MetS features. These features were used to construct a composite metabolic-inflammatory (MI) score that was able to predict progression of MetS among at-risk individuals. The MI score was correlated with several markers of poor diet quality as well as lower levels of gut microbial diversity and abnormalities in several species of bacteria. This study reveals novel targets to reduce the burden of MetS and suggests access to healthy food options as a practical intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faraz Bishehsari
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Michael Drees
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Darbaz Adnan
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Deepak Sharma
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Stefan Green
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jane Koshy
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Leila B Giron
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Aaron Goldman
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | | | - Gregory E Miller
- Institute for Policy Research and Dept of Psychology, Northwestern Univ, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Ali Keshavarzian
- Rush Center for Integrated Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Pisano E, Bugli F, Severino A, Pedicino D, Paroni Sterbini F, Martini C, De Maio F, Vinci R, Sacconi A, Canonico F, D'Aiello A, Bonanni A, Proto L, Ciampi P, Ponzo M, Grimaldi MC, Urbani A, Primiano A, Gervasoni J, Montone R, Crea F, Sanguinetti M, Liuzzo G. Microbial signature of plaque and gut in acute coronary syndrome. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14775. [PMID: 37679428 PMCID: PMC10484905 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41867-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota is an emerging editable cardiovascular risk factor. We aim to investigate gut and coronary plaque microbiota, using fecal samples and angioplasty balloons from patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) and control subjects. We examined bacterial communities in gut and coronary plaques by 16S rRNA sequencing and we performed droplet digital PCR analysis to investigate the gut relative abundance of the bacterial genes CutC/CntA involved in trimethylamine N-oxide synthesis. Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) at the genus and species levels displayed gut enrichment in Streptococcus, Granulicatella and P. distasonis in ACS compared with CCS and controls; Roseburia, C. aerofaciens and F. prausnitzii were more abundant in controls than in patients. Principal component analysis (PCA) of 41 differentially abundant gut taxa showed a clustering of the three groups. In coronary plaque, LEfSe at the genus level revealed an enrichment of Staphylococcus and Streptococcus in ACS, and Paracoccus in CCS, whereas PCA of 15 differentially abundant plaque taxa exhibited clustering of ACS and CCS patients. CutC and CntA genes were more abundant in ACS and CCS than in controls while no significant difference emerged between ACS and CCS. Our results indicate that ACS and CCS exhibit a different gut and plaque microbial signature, suggesting a possible role of these microbiotas in coronary plaque instability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Pisano
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Bugli
- Department of Laboratory and Infectious Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Basic Biotechnological Sciences, Intensivological and Perioperative Clinics, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Severino
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.
| | - Daniela Pedicino
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Paroni Sterbini
- Department of Laboratory and Infectious Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Cecilia Martini
- Department of Laboratory and Infectious Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Basic Biotechnological Sciences, Intensivological and Perioperative Clinics, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Flavio De Maio
- Department of Laboratory and Infectious Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Ramona Vinci
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Sacconi
- UOSD Clinical Trial Center, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute- IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Canonico
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessia D'Aiello
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Alice Bonanni
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Proto
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Pellegrino Ciampi
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Myriana Ponzo
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Grimaldi
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Urbani
- Department of Laboratory and Infectious Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Basic Biotechnological Sciences, Intensivological and Perioperative Clinics, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Aniello Primiano
- Department of Laboratory and Infectious Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Jacopo Gervasoni
- Department of Laboratory and Infectious Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Rocco Montone
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Filippo Crea
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Sanguinetti
- Department of Laboratory and Infectious Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Basic Biotechnological Sciences, Intensivological and Perioperative Clinics, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Liuzzo
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Liu Q, Zhu Y, Li G, Guo T, Jin M, Xi D, Wang S, Liu X, Guo S, Liu H, Fan J, Liu R. Irisin ameliorates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by modulating gut microbiota and intestinal permeability in rats. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0291022. [PMID: 37656700 PMCID: PMC10473488 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury was suggested associated with intestinal flora. However, irisin has demonstrated beneficial effects on myocardial I/R injury, thus increasing interest in exploring its mechanism. Therefore, whether irisin interferes in gut microbiota and gut mucosal barrier during myocardial I/R injury was investigated in the present study. Irisin was found to reduce the infiltration of inflammatory cells and fracture in myocardial tissue, myocardial enzyme levels, and the myocardial infarction (MI) area. In addition, the data showed that irisin reverses I/R-induced gut dysbiosis as indicated by the decreased abundance of Actinobacteriota and the increased abundance of Firmicutes, and maintains intestinal barrier integrity, reduces metabolic endotoxemia, and inhibits the production of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin 1β (IL-1β), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). Based on the results, irisin could be a good candidate for ameliorating myocardial I/R injury and associated diseases by alleviating gut dysbiosis, endothelial dysfunction and anti-inflammatory properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Liu
- LinFen Central Hospital, LinFen, China
- Linfen Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Research on Coronary Heart Disease, Linfen Clinical Medical Research Center, LinFen, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- LinFen Central Hospital, LinFen, China
- Linfen Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Research on Coronary Heart Disease, Linfen Clinical Medical Research Center, LinFen, China
- School of Sport Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Guangyao Li
- LinFen Central Hospital, LinFen, China
- Linfen Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Research on Coronary Heart Disease, Linfen Clinical Medical Research Center, LinFen, China
| | - Tiantian Guo
- LinFen Central Hospital, LinFen, China
- Linfen Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Research on Coronary Heart Disease, Linfen Clinical Medical Research Center, LinFen, China
| | - Mengtong Jin
- LinFen Central Hospital, LinFen, China
- Linfen Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Research on Coronary Heart Disease, Linfen Clinical Medical Research Center, LinFen, China
| | - Duan Xi
- LinFen Central Hospital, LinFen, China
| | | | - Xuezhi Liu
- LinFen Central Hospital, LinFen, China
- Linfen Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Research on Coronary Heart Disease, Linfen Clinical Medical Research Center, LinFen, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Linfen Central Hospital, Linfen, China
| | - Shuming Guo
- LinFen Central Hospital, LinFen, China
- Linfen Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Research on Coronary Heart Disease, Linfen Clinical Medical Research Center, LinFen, China
| | - Hui Liu
- LinFen Central Hospital, LinFen, China
- Linfen Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Research on Coronary Heart Disease, Linfen Clinical Medical Research Center, LinFen, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Linfen Central Hospital, Linfen, China
| | - Jiamao Fan
- LinFen Central Hospital, LinFen, China
- Linfen Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Research on Coronary Heart Disease, Linfen Clinical Medical Research Center, LinFen, China
- Department of Cardiology, Linfen Central Hospital, Linfen, China
| | - Ronghua Liu
- LinFen Central Hospital, LinFen, China
- Linfen Key Laboratory of Basic and Clinical Research on Coronary Heart Disease, Linfen Clinical Medical Research Center, LinFen, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Liu H, Wang H, Li Q, Wang Y, He Y, Li X, Sun C, Ergonul O, Can F, Pang Z, Zhang B, Hu Y. LPS adsorption and inflammation alleviation by polymyxin B-modified liposomes for atherosclerosis treatment. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:3817-3833. [PMID: 37719368 PMCID: PMC10501887 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is critical in the onset and progression of atherosclerosis (AS). The lipopolysaccharide (LPS) level in the circulation system is elevated in AS patients and animal models, which is correlated with the severity of AS. Inspired by the underlying mechanism that LPS could drive the polarization of macrophages toward the M1 phenotype, aggravate inflammation, and ultimately contribute to the exacerbation of AS, LPS in the circulation system was supposed to be the therapeutic target for AS treatment. In the present study, polymyxin (PMB) covalently conjugated to PEGylated liposomes (PLPs) were formulated to adsorb LPS through specific interactions between PMB and LPS. In vitro, the experiments demonstrated that PLPs could adsorb LPS, reduce the polarization of macrophages to M1 phenotype and inhibit the formation of foam cells. In vivo, the study revealed that PLPs treatment reduced the serum levels of LPS and pro-inflammatory cytokines, decreased the proportion of M1-type macrophages in AS plaque, stabilized AS plaque, and downsized the plaque burdens in arteries, which eventually attenuated the progression of AS. Our study highlighted LPS in the circulation system as the therapeutic target for AS and provided an alternative strategy for AS treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huiwen Liu
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Honglan Wang
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Qiyu Li
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yiwei Wang
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Ying He
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xuejing Li
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Chunyan Sun
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Onder Ergonul
- Koç University Iş Bank Center for Infectious Diseases (KUISCID), Lnfectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology Department, Koç University School of Medicine and American Hospital, Istanbul 34010, Turkey
| | - Füsun Can
- Koç University Iş Bank Center for Infectious Diseases (KUISCID), Lnfectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology Department, Koç University School of Medicine and American Hospital, Istanbul 34010, Turkey
| | - Zhiqing Pang
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yu Hu
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Dai ZQ, Shang LJ, Wei YS, Li ZQ, Zeng XF, Chen MX, Wang XY, Li SY, Qiao S, Yu H. Immunomodulatory Effects of Microcin C7 in Cyclophosphamide-Induced Immunosuppressed Mice. J Agric Food Chem 2023; 71:12700-12714. [PMID: 37602796 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c01033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Microcin C7 (McC) as a viable immunomodulator peptide can be a potential solution for pathogenic microbial infection in the post-antibiotic era and has gained substantial attention. This study was designed to evaluate the immunomodulatory activity of Microcin C7 in a cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced immunodeficient mouse model. We show that Microcin C7 treatment significantly alleviated the CTX-caused body weight loss, improved the feed and water consumption to improve the state of the mice, and elevated the absolute number and proportion of peripheral blood lymphocytes as well as the level of hemoglobulin. We further aim to characterize the phenotypes of the immune function and intestinal health profiles. The results demonstrate that Microcin C7 treatment increased serum levels of immunoglobulin A (IgA), IgG, interleukin 6, and hemolysin, promoted splenic lymphocyte proliferation induced by concanavalin A and LPS, and enhanced the phagocytosis of peritoneal macrophages immunized by sheep red blood cells. Additionally, Microcin C7 treatment decreased levels of diamine oxidase and d-lactate, ameliorated CTX-induced intestinal morphological damage, and increased the levels of zonula occluden 1, occludin, claudin-1, mucin 2, and secretary IgA in the jejunum and colon. Moreover, Microcin C7 administration is sufficient to reverse CTX-induced intestinal microbiota dysbiosis by increasing the number of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, decreasing the number of Escherichia coli in colonic contents. Collectively, our results demonstrate that Microcin C7 may have protective and immunomodulatory functions and could be a potential candidate used in animal feed, functional foods, and immunological regimens..
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Qi Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Feed Industry Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
- Beijing Bio-Feed Additives Key Laboratory, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Li-Jun Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Feed Industry Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
- Beijing Bio-Feed Additives Key Laboratory, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yu-Shu Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, P. R. China
| | - Ze-Qiang Li
- Luzhou Modern Agriculture Development Promotion Center, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P. R. China
| | - Xiang-Fang Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Feed Industry Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
- Beijing Bio-Feed Additives Key Laboratory, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Mei-Xia Chen
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Xin-Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Feed Industry Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
- Beijing Bio-Feed Additives Key Laboratory, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Si-Yu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Feed Industry Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
- Beijing Bio-Feed Additives Key Laboratory, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shiyan Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Feed Industry Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
- Beijing Bio-Feed Additives Key Laboratory, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Haitao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Feed Industry Center, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
- Beijing Bio-Feed Additives Key Laboratory, Beijing 100193, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Wang Q, Yesitayi G, Liu B, Siti D, Ainiwan M, Aizitiaili A, Ma X. Targeting metabolism in aortic aneurysm and dissection: from basic research to clinical applications. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:3869-3891. [PMID: 37564200 PMCID: PMC10411465 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.85467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Aortic aneurysm and dissection (AAD) are a group of insidious and lethal cardiovascular diseases that characterized by seriously threatening the life and health of people, but lack effective nonsurgical interventions. Alterations in metabolites are increasingly recognized as universal features of AAD because metabolic abnormalities have been identified not only in arterial tissue but also in blood and vascular cells from both patients and animal models with this disease. Over the past few decades, studies have further supported this notion by linking AAD to various types of metabolites such as those derived from gut microbiota or involved in TCA cycle or lipid metabolism. Many of these altered metabolites may contribute to the pathogenesis of AAD. This review aims to illustrate the close association between body metabolism and the occurrence and development of AAD, as well as summarize the significance of metabolites correlated with the pathological process of AAD. This provides valuable insight for developing new therapeutic agents for AAD. Therefore, we present a brief overview of metabolism in AAD biology, including signaling pathways involved in these processes and current clinical studies targeting AAD metabolisms. It is necessary to understand the metabolic mechanisms underlying AAD to provides significant knowledge for AAD diagnosis and new therapeutics for treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Gulinazi Yesitayi
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Bingyan Liu
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Dilixiati Siti
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Mierxiati Ainiwan
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Aliya Aizitiaili
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Xiang Ma
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Wu Z, Zeng S, Wang X, Liu H, Sun H, Zhou X, Yang Q. Patterns of Circulating Microbiota during the Acute Phase Following ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Predict Long-Term Cardiovascular Events. Int Heart J 2023; 64:551-561. [PMID: 37460320 DOI: 10.1536/ihj.22-672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Limited information exists regarding whether circulating microbiota could predict long-term clinical outcomes following ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). A total of 244 consecutive patients with STEMI were followed for 2.8 years, and 64 first major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) were recorded. Both microbiota abundance [Corynebacterium tuberculostearicum (HR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.03-1.58) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) (HR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.02-1.33) ] and microbiota clusters (Cluster 2 versus Cluster 1: HR, 1.84; 95% CI, 1.04-3.27) could independently predict MACE. Furthermore, a model based on established independent predictors alone was significantly improved by the addition of different microbiota patterns. In addition, CD14++CD16+ monocytes (Mon2) had a significant mediation effect on the microbiota patterns → MACE association. The present study demonstrated that the abundance and clusters of circulating microbiota are associated with future adverse cardiovascular events independent of traditional risk factors, which were partially mediated by an increase in Mon2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaogui Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital
| | - Shan Zeng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Target Organ Injury, Heart Center, Pingjin Hospital
| | - Xuezhu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital
| | - Hangkuan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital
| | - Haonan Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital
| | - Qing Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Yan J, Xi Z, Guo J, Xu L, Sun X, Sha W, Liu M, Zhao S, Dai E, Xu Y, Xu H, Qu H. LuQi Formula relieves ventricular remodeling through improvement of HIF-1α-mediated intestinal barrier integrity. Chin Med 2023; 18:90. [PMID: 37507786 PMCID: PMC10386699 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-023-00803-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ventricular remodeling is the adaptive process in which the heart undergoes changes due to stress, leading to heart failure (HF). The progressive decline in cardiac function is considered to contribute to intestinal barrier impairment. LuQi Formula (LQF) is a traditional Chinese medicine preparation widely used in the treatment of ventricular remodeling and HF. However, the role of LQF in the impairment of intestinal barrier function induced by ventricular remodeling remains unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ventricular remodeling was induced in rats by permanently ligating the left anterior descending branch coronary artery, and cardiac function indexes were assessed using echocardiography. Heart and colon tissue morphology were observed by hematoxylin-eosin, Masson's trichrome and Alcian Blue Periodic acid Schiff staining. Myocardial cell apoptosis was detected using TUNEL and immunohistochemistry. Circulatory levels of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), intestinal permeability markers endotoxin, D-lactate and zonulin, as well as inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-1 beta were measured by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Expression levels of tight junction (TJ) proteins and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) in colon tissue were detected by immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry and western blotting. Cardiac function indexes and intestinal permeability markers of patients with HF were analyzed before and after 2-4 months of LQF treatment. RESULTS LQF protected cardiac function and alleviated myocardial fibrosis and apoptosis in rats with ventricular remodeling. LQF protected the intestinal barrier integrity in ventricular remodeling rats, including maintaining colonic tissue morphology, preserving the number of goblet cells and normal expression of TJ proteins. Furthermore, LQF upregulated the expression of HIF-1α protein in colon tissue. Intervention with a HIF-1α inhibitor weakened the protective effect of LQF on intestinal barrier integrity. Moreover, a reduction of HIF-1α aggravated ventricular remodeling, which could be alleviated by LQF. Correspondingly, the circulating levels of intestinal permeability markers and BNP in HF patients were significantly decreased, and cardiac function markedly improved following LQF treatment. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that LQF effectively protected cardiac function by preserving intestinal barrier integrity caused by ventricular remodeling, at least partially through upregulating HIF-1α expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jirong Yan
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 528, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Zhichao Xi
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1200, Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Jiaying Guo
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 528, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Lin Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1200, Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xueyang Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1200, Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wanjing Sha
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 528, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Milin Liu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 528, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Shenyu Zhao
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 528, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Enrui Dai
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 528, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yu Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1200, Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Hongxi Xu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 528, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Huiyan Qu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 528, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Chen Y, Chen R, Wang X, Zhou Y, Hong L, Xiong N, Zhu J, Ye S, Tan X. Effect of probiotic supplementation on in-hospital mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction: a study protocol for an open-label, randomized, controlled, superiority clinical trial. Trials 2023; 24:429. [PMID: 37355630 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-023-07443-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have demonstrated a correlation between intestinal flora and the severity of myocardial infarction as well as post-myocardial infarction repair. However, few studies have investigated whether probiotics reduce mortality and improve cardiovascular outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction. In this study, we will conduct a randomized controlled trial (RCT) to evaluate the effect of probiotics on in-hospital mortality and the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). METHODS This is an open-label, randomized, controlled, superiority clinical trial involving 2594 adult patients who were diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction. Patients will be randomized to (1) receive bifidobacteria triple viable capsule (Bifidobacterium longum, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and Enterococcus faecalis) 840 mg, twice a day, plus standard treatment strategy during the hospital stay, for a maximum of 30 days, or (2) receive the standard treatment strategy and will not take the bifidobacterium triple live capsule. The primary outcome was in-hospital all-cause mortality. DISCUSSION The purpose of this clinical trial is to determine whether probiotics can reduce in-hospital mortality and improve prognosis in patients with AMI, and the results will provide evidence for probiotics as a complementary treatment for AMI. TRIAL REGISTRATION Chinese Clinical Trials Registry ChiCTR2000038797. Registered on 2 October 2020.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yequn Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
- Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College (SUMC), Shantou, China
| | - Rongbing Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Xin Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Liekai Hong
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
- Chaonan Minsheng Hospital, Shantou, China
| | - Nianling Xiong
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Jinxiu Zhu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Shu Ye
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Xuerui Tan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China.
- Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College (SUMC), Shantou, China.
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Korsten SGPJ, Vromans H, Garssen J, Willemsen LEM. Butyrate Protects Barrier Integrity and Suppresses Immune Activation in a Caco-2/PBMC Co-Culture Model While HDAC Inhibition Mimics Butyrate in Restoring Cytokine-Induced Barrier Disruption. Nutrients 2023; 15:2760. [PMID: 37375664 DOI: 10.3390/nu15122760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Low-grade inflammation and barrier disruption are increasingly acknowledged for their association with non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), especially butyrate, could be a potential treatment because of their combined anti-inflammatory and barrier- protective capacities, but more insight into their mechanism of action is needed. In the present study, non-activated, lipopolysaccharide-activated and αCD3/CD28-activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) with and without intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) Caco-2 were used to study the effect of butyrate on barrier function, cytokine release and immune cell phenotype. A Caco-2 model was used to compare the capacities of butyrate, propionate and acetate and study their mechanism of action, while investigating the contribution of lipoxygenase (LOX), cyclooxygenase (COX) and histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition. Butyrate protected against inflammatory-induced barrier disruption while modulating inflammatory cytokine release by activated PBMCs (interleukin-1 beta↑, tumor necrosis factor alpha↓, interleukin-17a↓, interferon gamma↓, interleukin-10↓) and immune cell phenotype (regulatory T-cells↓, T helper 17 cells↓, T helper 1 cells↓) in the PBMC/Caco-2 co-culture model. Similar suppression of immune activation was shown in absence of IEC. Butyrate, propionate and acetate reduced inflammatory cytokine-induced IEC activation and, in particular, butyrate was capable of fully protecting against cytokine-induced epithelial permeability for a prolonged period. Different HDAC inhibitors could mimic this barrier-protective effect, showing HDAC might be involved in the mechanism of action of butyrate, whereas LOX and COX did not show involvement. These results show the importance of sufficient butyrate levels to maintain intestinal homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra G P J Korsten
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Tiofarma B.V., 3261 ME Oud-Beijerland, The Netherlands
| | - Herman Vromans
- Tiofarma B.V., 3261 ME Oud-Beijerland, The Netherlands
- Division of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Johan Garssen
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Danone/Nutricia Research B.V., 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Linette E M Willemsen
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Cui Y, Zhang F, Xu W, Li Z, Zou J, Gao P, Hu J. Effects of Si-Miao-Yong-An decoction on myocardial I/R rats by regulating gut microbiota to inhibit LPS-induced TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:180. [PMID: 37268931 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04013-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is primarily caused by inflammation which is closely linked to the gut microbiota. Si-Miao-Yong-An (SMYA) decoction is a traditional Chinese herbal formula with anti-inflammatory properties that found to be effective against CAD. However, it is still unclear whether SMYA can modulate gut microbiota and whether it contributes to the improvement of CAD by reducing inflammation and regulating the gut microbiota. METHODS The identification of components in the SMYA extract was conducted using the HPLC method. A total of four groups of SD rats were orally administered with SMYA for 28 days. The levels of inflammatory biomarkers and myocardial damage biomarkers were measured through ELISA, while echocardiography was used to assess heart function. Histological alterations in the myocardial and colonic tissues were examined following H&E staining. Western blotting was performed to evaluate protein expression, whereas alterations in gut microbiota were determined by 16 s rDNA sequencing. RESULTS SMYA was found to enhance cardiac function and decrease the expression of serum CK-MB and LDH. SMYA was also observed to inhibit the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway by downregulating the protein expression of myocardial TLR4, MyD88, and p-P65, leading to a reduction in serum pro-inflammatory factors. SMYA modified the composition of gut microbiota by decreasing the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, modulating Prevotellaceae_Ga6A1 and Prevotellaceae_NK3B3 linked to the LPS/TLR4/NF-κB pathway, and increasing beneficial microbiota such as Bacteroidetes, Alloprevotella, and other bacterial species. Moreover, SMYA was found to safeguard the intestinal mucosal and villi structures, elevate the expression of tight junction protein (ZO-1, occludin), and reduce intestinal permeability and inflammation. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that SMYA has the potential to modulate the gut microbiota and protect the intestinal barrier, thereby reducing the translocation of LPS into circulation. SMYA was also found to inhibit the LPS-induced TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway, leading to a decrease in the release of inflammatory factors, which ultimately mitigated myocardial injury. Hence, SMYA holds promise as a therapeutic agent for the management of CAD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Cui
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
- Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fangyuan Zhang
- Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weiming Xu
- Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- China Science and Technology Development Center for Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of CM, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ziyun Li
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, School of Regimen and Rehabilitation, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiaxi Zou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Gao
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingqing Hu
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.
- China Science and Technology Development Center for Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Yang Z, Lin S, Liu Y, Song Z, Ge Z, Fan Y, Chen L, Bi Y, Zhao Z, Wang X, Wang Y, Mao J. Targeting intestinal microecology: potential intervention strategies of traditional Chinese medicine for managing hypertension. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1171119. [PMID: 37324472 PMCID: PMC10264781 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1171119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertension has become one of the major public health problems in the world. At present, the pathogenesis of hypertension has still not been completely elucidated. In recent years, an increasing evidence shows that intestinal microecology is closely related to hypertension, which provides a new thinking for the prevention and treatment of hypertension. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has unique advantages in the treatment of hypertension. Taking intestinal microecology as the target, it is possible to interpreting the scientific connotation of TCM prevention and treatment of hypertension by updating the treatment concept of hypertension, so as to improve the therapeutic effect. In our study, the clinical evidence for TCM treatment of hypertension was systematicly summarized. And the relationship among TCM, intestinal microecology and hypertension was analyzed. In addition, the methods by which TCM regulates intestinal microecology to prevent and treat hypertension were presented, to provide new research ideas for prevention and treatment of hypertension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Yang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shanshan Lin
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Yangxi Liu
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhihui Song
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhao Ge
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Yujian Fan
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yingfei Bi
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhao
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Xianliang Wang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingyuan Mao
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Shu LZ, Ding YD, Xue QM, Cai W, Deng H. Direct and indirect effects of pathogenic bacteria on the integrity of intestinal barrier. Therap Adv Gastroenterol 2023; 16:17562848231176427. [PMID: 37274298 PMCID: PMC10233627 DOI: 10.1177/17562848231176427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial translocation is a pathological process involving migration of pathogenic bacteria across the intestinal barrier to enter the systemic circulation and gain access to distant organs. This phenomenon has been linked to a diverse range of diseases including inflammatory bowel disease, pancreatitis, and cancer. The intestinal barrier is an innate structure that maintains intestinal homeostasis. Pathogenic infections and dysbiosis can disrupt the integrity of the intestinal barrier, increasing its permeability, and thereby facilitating pathogen translocation. As translocation represents an essential step in pathogenesis, a clear understanding of how barrier integrity is disrupted and how this disruption facilitates bacterial translocation could identify new routes to effective prophylaxis and therapy. In this comprehensive review, we provide an in-depth analysis of bacterial translocation and intestinal barrier function. We discuss currently understood mechanisms of bacterial-enterocyte interactions, with a focus on tight junctions and endocytosis. We also discuss the emerging concept of bidirectional communication between the intestinal microbiota and other body systems. The intestinal tract has established 'axes' with various organs. Among our regulatory systems, the nervous, immune, and endocrine systems have been shown to play pivotal roles in barrier regulation. A mechanistic understanding of intestinal barrier regulation is crucial for the development of personalized management strategies for patients with bacterial translocation-related disorders. Advancing our knowledge of barrier regulation will pave the way for future research in this field and novel clinical intervention strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Zhen Shu
- Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang,
Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yi-Dan Ding
- Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang,
Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Qing-Ming Xue
- Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang,
Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Wei Cai
- Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang,
Jiangxi Province, China
- Department of Pathology, the Fourth Affiliated
Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Huan Deng
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth Affiliated
Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 133 South Guangchang Road, Nanchang
330003, Jiangxi Province, China
- Tumor Immunology Institute, Nanchang
University, Nanchang, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Ticinesi A, Parise A, Nouvenne A, Cerundolo N, Prati B, Meschi T. The possible role of gut microbiota dysbiosis in the pathophysiology of delirium in older persons. Microbiome Res Rep 2023; 2:19. [PMID: 38046817 PMCID: PMC10688815 DOI: 10.20517/mrr.2023.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Delirium is a clinical syndrome characterized by an acute change in attention, awareness and cognition with fluctuating course, frequently observed in older patients during hospitalization for acute medical illness or after surgery. Its pathogenesis is multifactorial and still not completely understood, but there is general consensus on the fact that it results from the interaction between an underlying predisposition, such as neurodegenerative diseases, and an acute stressor acting as a trigger, such as infection or anesthesia. Alterations in brain insulin sensitivity and metabolic function, increased blood-brain barrier permeability, neurotransmitter imbalances, abnormal microglial activation and neuroinflammation have all been involved in the pathophysiology of delirium. Interestingly, all these mechanisms can be regulated by the gut microbiota, as demonstrated in experimental studies investigating the microbiota-gut-brain axis in dementia. Aging is also associated with profound changes in gut microbiota composition and functions, which can influence several aspects of disease pathophysiology in the host. This review provides an overview of the emerging evidence linking age-related gut microbiota dysbiosis with delirium, opening new perspectives for the microbiota as a possible target of interventions aimed at delirium prevention and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ticinesi
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma 43124, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma 43126, Italy
- Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Parma 43126, Italy
| | - Alberto Parise
- Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Parma 43126, Italy
| | - Antonio Nouvenne
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma 43124, Italy
- Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Parma 43126, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Cerundolo
- Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Parma 43126, Italy
| | - Beatrice Prati
- Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Parma 43126, Italy
| | - Tiziana Meschi
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma 43124, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma 43126, Italy
- Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Parma 43126, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Liao J, Zhang Y, Ma C, Wu G, Zhang W. Microbiome-metabolome reveals that the Suxiao Jiuxin pill attenuates acute myocardial infarction associated with fatty acid metabolism. J Ethnopharmacol 2023; 312:116529. [PMID: 37086873 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The Suxiao Jiuxin pill (SJP) is a Chinese medical patent drug on the national essential drug list of China, with well-established cardiovascular protective effects in the clinic. However, the mechanisms underlying the protective effects of SJP on cardiovascular disease have not yet been elucidated clearly, especially its relationship with the gut microbiota. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the cardioprotective effect of SJP against isoproterenol-induced acute myocardial infarction (AMI) by integrating the gut microbiome and metabolome. METHODS A rat model of AMI was generated using isoproterenol. Firstly, the effect of antibiotic (ABX) treatment on the blood absorption and excretion of the main components of SJP were studied. Secondly, 16S rRNA sequencing and untargeted metabolomics were used to discover the improvement of SJP treatment on gut microbiota and host metabolism in AMI rats. Finally, targeted metabolomics was used to verify the effects of SJP treatment on host metabolism in AMI rats. RESULT The results showed that ABX treatment could affect the blood absorption and fecal excretion of the main active components of SJP. At the same time, SJP can restore the richness and diversity of gut microbiota, and multiple gut microbiota (including Jeotgalicoccus, Lachnospiraceae, and Blautia) are significantly associated with fatty acids. Untargeted metabolomics also found that SJP could restore the levels of various fatty acid metabolites in serum and cecal contents (p < 0.01, FC > 1.5 and VIP >1). Targeted metabolomics further confirmed that 41, 21, and 39 fatty acids were significantly altered in serum, cecal contents, and heart samples, respectively. Interestingly, these fatty acids belong to the class of eicosanoids, and SJP can significantly downregulate these eicosanoids in AMI rats. CONCLUSION The results of this study suggest that SJP may exert its cardioprotective effects by remodeling the gut microbiota and host fatty acid metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Liao
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong, 510006, China; Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yuhao Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Chi Ma
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Gaosong Wu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Weidong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong, 510006, China; Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Nguyen M, Gautier T, Masson D, Bouhemad B, Guinot PG. Endotoxemia in Acute Heart Failure and Cardiogenic Shock: Evidence, Mechanisms and Therapeutic Options. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12072579. [PMID: 37048662 PMCID: PMC10094881 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12072579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute heart failure and cardiogenic shock are frequently occurring and deadly conditions. In patients with those conditions, endotoxemia related to gut injury and gut barrier dysfunction is usually described as a driver of organ dysfunction. Because endotoxemia might reciprocally alter cardiac function, this phenomenon has been suggested as a potent vicious cycle that worsens organ perfusion and leading to adverse outcomes. Yet, evidence beyond this phenomenon might be overlooked, and mechanisms are not fully understood. Subsequently, even though therapeutics available to reduce endotoxin load, there are no indications to treat endotoxemia during acute heart failure and cardiogenic shock. In this review, we first explore the evidence regarding endotoxemia in acute heart failure and cardiogenic shock. Then, we describe the main treatments for endotoxemia in the acute setting, and we present the challenges that remain before personalized treatments against endotoxemia can be used in patients with acute heart failure and cardiogenic shock.
Collapse
|
37
|
Zhang C, Zeng S, Ji W, Li Z, Sun H, Teng T, Yu Y, Zhou X, Yang Q. Synergistic role of circulating CD14++CD16+ monocytes and fibrinogen in predicting the cardiovascular events after myocardial infarction. Clin Cardiol 2023; 46:521-528. [PMID: 36946389 DOI: 10.1002/clc.24005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Monocytes and fibrinogen (FIB) play important roles in driving acute and reparative inflammatory pathways after myocardial infarction (MI). In humans, there are three subsets of monocytes, namely, CD14++CD16- (Mon1), CD14++CD16+ (Mon2), and CD14+CD16++ (Mon3). During the inflammatory response, monocyte subsets express high levels of integrin αM β2 and protease-activated receptors 1 and 3 to interact with FIB. HYPOTHESIS However, whether there is a synergistic role of FIB combined with Mon2 counts in prioritizing patients at high risk of future major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) after MI remains unknown. METHODS The MI patients who treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention were enrolled. MI patients were categorized into four groups, that is, low FIB/low Mon2, low FIB/high Mon2, high FIB/low Mon2, and high FIB/high Mon2, according to cutoff values of 3.28 g/L for FIB and 32.20 cells/μL for Mon2. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the risk of MACEs of MI patients during a median follow-up of 2.7 years. Mediating effects of high FIB levels and MACEs associated with high monocyte subsets were calculated by mediation analysis. RESULTS High FIB/high Mon2 group had the highest risk of MACEs during a median follow-up of 2.7 years. Moreover, mediation analysis showed that a high FIB level could explain 24.9% (p < .05) of the increased risk of MACEs associated with Mon2. CONCLUSION This work provides evidence indicating the translational potential of a synergistic role of FIB combined with Mon2 in prioritizing patients at high risk of future MACEs after MI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chong Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Shan Zeng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Target Organ Injury, Heart Center, Pingjin Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenjie Ji
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Target Organ Injury, Heart Center, Pingjin Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Haonan Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Tianming Teng
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ying Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammatory Biology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Silverio A, Cancro FP, Esposito L, Bellino M, D’elia D, Verdoia M, Vassallo MG, Ciccarelli M, Vecchione C, Galasso G, De Luca G. Secondary Cardiovascular Prevention after Acute Coronary Syndrome: Emerging Risk Factors and Novel Therapeutic Targets. J Clin Med 2023; 12:2161. [PMID: 36983163 PMCID: PMC10056379 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12062161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The control of cardiovascular risk factors, the promotion of a healthy lifestyle, and antithrombotic therapy are the cornerstones of secondary prevention after acute coronary syndrome (ACS). However, many patients have recurrent ischemic events despite the optimal control of traditional modifiable risk factors and the use of tailored pharmacological therapy, including new-generation antiplatelet and lipid-lowering agents. This evidence emphasizes the importance of identifying novel risk factors and targets to optimize secondary preventive strategies. Lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) has emerged as an independent predictor of adverse events after ACS. New molecules such as anti-PCSK9 monoclonal antibodies, small interfering RNAs, and antisense oligonucleotides can reduce plasma Lp(a) levels and are associated with a long-term outcome benefit after the index event. The inflammatory stimulus and the inflammasome, pivotal elements in the development and progression of atherosclerosis, have been widely investigated in patients with coronary artery disease. More recently, randomized clinical trials including post-ACS patients treated with colchicine and monoclonal antibodies targeting cytokines yielded promising results in the reduction in major cardiovascular events after an ACS. Gut dysbiosis has also raised great interest for its potential pathophysiological role in cardiovascular disease. This evidence, albeit preliminary and needing confirmation by larger population-based studies, suggests the possibility of targeting the gut microbiome in particularly high-risk populations. The risk of recurrent ischemic events after ACS is related to the complex interaction between intrinsic predisposing factors and environmental triggers. The identification of novel risk factors and targets is fundamental to customizing patient clinical management with a precision medicine perspective.
Collapse
|
39
|
Zhang H, Jing L, Zhai C, Xiang Q, Tian H, Hu H. Intestinal Flora Metabolite Trimethylamine Oxide Is Inextricably Linked to Coronary Heart Disease. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2023; 81:175-182. [PMID: 36607700 PMCID: PMC9988214 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Atherosclerotic coronary heart disease is a common cardiovascular disease with high morbidity and mortality. In recent years, the incidence of coronary heart disease has gradually become younger, and biomarkers for predicting coronary heart disease have demonstrated valuable clinical prospects. Several studies have established an association between coronary heart disease and intestinal flora metabolites, including trimethylamine oxide (TMAO), which has attracted widespread attention from researchers. Investigations have also shown that plasma levels of TMAO and its precursors can predict cardiovascular risk in humans; however, TMAO's mechanism of action in causing coronary heart disease is not fully understood. This review examines TMAO's generation, the mechanism through which it causes coronary heart disease, and the approaches used to treat TMAO-caused coronary heart disease to possible avenues for future research on coronary heart disease and find new concepts for the treatment of the condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Honghong Zhang
- Jiaxing University Master Degree Cultivation Base, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University; and
| | - Lele Jing
- Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University: First Hospital of Jiaxing
| | - Changlin Zhai
- Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University: First Hospital of Jiaxing
| | - Qiannan Xiang
- Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University: First Hospital of Jiaxing
| | - Hongen Tian
- Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University: First Hospital of Jiaxing
| | - Huilin Hu
- Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University: First Hospital of Jiaxing
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Liao L, Huang J, Zheng J, Ma X, Huang L, Xu W. Gut microbiota in Chinese and Japanese patients with cardiovascular diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Saudi Med 2023; 43:105-114. [PMID: 37031370 PMCID: PMC10082944 DOI: 10.5144/0256-4947.2023.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major threat to public health. OBJECTIVE Compare the gut microbial composition between Chinese and Japanese patients with cardiovascular diseases and healthy subjects. STUDY SELECTION Observational studies with Chinese and Japanese populations. Reviews, duplicate, book chapters, and other irrelevant studies were excluded. DATA EXTRACTION Independent searching by two investigators (LLJ, HJL). DATA SYNTHESIS Data from eleven studies (with 960 subjects) were included for the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis showed that the abundance of Firmicutes in patients with cardiovascular disease was [ES=0.42, 95%CI, (0.34, 0.50), P<.01], while the abundance of Firmicutes in control subjects was [ES=0.36, 95%CI, (0.23, 0.49), P<.01] (ES: effect size). When compared to control subjects, the differential expression of Firmicutes abundance in patients with CVDs was [MD = 15.21, 95%CI (8.95, 21.48), P<.01] (MD: mean difference). The ratio of Firmicutes abundance in patients with CVDs to the control subjects was [RR=1.28, 95%CI (0.98, 1.67), P=.07]. The ratio of Firmicutes in coronary heart disease (CHD) patients and controls was [RR=1.42, 95%CI (1.05, 1.94), P=.02]. Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio is [OR=1.64 95%CI (1.11, 2.42), P=.01]. CONCLUSION Our data show that patients with cardiovascular disease had higher levels of gut Firmicutes when compared to healthy controls. In addition, gut microbial dysbiosis was present in patients with cardiovascular diseases. LIMITATIONS Due to limited quality and quantity of selected studies, conclusions from the current study need to be validated by future studies. CONFLICT OF INTEREST None.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linjie Liao
- From the Graduate Institution, GuangXi University of Chinese Medicine, GuangXi, China
| | - Junli Huang
- From the Graduate Institution, GuangXi University of Chinese Medicine, GuangXi, China
| | - Jinghui Zheng
- From the Department of Cardiology, GuangXi University of Chinese Medicine, GuangXi, China
| | - Xiaocong Ma
- From the Graduate Institution, GuangXi University of Chinese Medicine, GuangXi, China
| | - Longjian Huang
- From the Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Wenhua Xu
- From the Department of Cardiology, GuangXi University of Chinese Medicine, GuangXi, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Abstract
Autoimmune liver diseases (AILD) are a group of immune-mediated liver inflammatory diseases with three major forms including autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). Interaction of both genetic and environmental factors leads to the breakdown of self-tolerance, hence resulting in hyper-responsive of autoantibodies and aggressive autoreactive immune cells. Genetic studies have identified dozens of risk loci associated with initiation and development of AILD. However, the role of exogenous factors remains unclear. Recently, both infectious and inflammatory diseases have been associated with microbiota, which colonizes multiple mucosal surfaces and participates in human physiological process and function in immune system, particularly influencing liver, and biliary system via gut-liver axis. Emerging evidence on the role of gut microbiota has expanded our knowledge of AILD in both pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets, along with putative diagnosis biomarkers. Herein we review the relationship between host and gut microbiota, discuss their potential roles in disease onset and progression, and summarize the compositional and functional alterations of the microbiota in AILD. We also highlighted the microbiota-based therapeutics such as antibiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiwei Qian
- School of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei He
- School of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruqi Tang
- School of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiong Ma
- School of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China -
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Hernández-Ruiz P, Amezcua-Guerra LM, López-Vidal Y, González-Pacheco H, Pinto-Cardoso S, Amedei A, Aguirre-García MM. Comparative characterization of inflammatory profile and oral microbiome according to an inflammation-based risk score in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1095380. [PMID: 36860987 PMCID: PMC9968971 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1095380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease considers the myocardial infarction (MI), either non-ST-segment elevation (non-STEMI) or ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI); this represents the main cause of mortality in Mexican population. Regarding to the inflammatory state, this is reported to be a major prognostic factor of mortality for patients with MI. One of the conditions capable of producing systemic inflammation is periodontal disease. It has been proposed that the oral microbiota is translocated through the bloodstream to the liver and intestine, generating intestinal dysbiosis. The aim of this protocol is to assess oral microbiota diversity and circulating inflammatory profile in STEMI patients stratified according to an inflammation-based risk scoring system. We found that Bacteriodetes phylum was the most abundant in STEMI patients, and Prevotella was the most abundant genus, with a higher proportion in periodontitis patients. In fact, Prevotella genus was found to correlate positively and significantly with elevated IL-6 concentration. Our study defined a non-causal association inferred between the cardiovascular risk of STEMI patients, determined by changes in the oral microbiota that influence the development of periodontal disease and its relationship with the exacerbation of the systemic inflammatory response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Hernández-Ruiz
- Unidad de Investigación UNAM-INC, División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Luis M. Amezcua-Guerra
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Yolanda López-Vidal
- Programa de Inmunología Molecular Microbiana, Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Héctor González-Pacheco
- Unidad de Cuidados Coronarios, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Sandra Pinto-Cardoso
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy,Interdisciplinary Internal Medicine Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - María Magdalena Aguirre-García
- Unidad de Investigación UNAM-INC, División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico,*Correspondence: María Magdalena Aguirre-García,
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Yu W, Jiang Y, Xu H, Zhou Y. The Interaction of Gut Microbiota and Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: From Mechanism to Potential Therapies. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020442. [PMID: 36830978 PMCID: PMC9953339 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a disease for which there is no definite and effective treatment, and the number of patients is more than 50% of heart failure (HF) patients. Gut microbiota (GMB) is a general term for a group of microbiota living in humans' intestinal tracts, which has been proved to be related to cardiovascular diseases, including HFpEF. In HFpEF patients, the composition of GMB is significantly changed, and there has been a tendency toward dysbacteriosis. Metabolites of GMB, such as trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and bile acids (BAs) mediate various pathophysiological mechanisms of HFpEF. GMB is a crucial influential factor in inflammation, which is considered to be one of the main causes of HFpEF. The role of GMB in its important comorbidity-metabolic syndrome-also mediates HFpEF. Moreover, HF would aggravate intestinal barrier impairment and microbial translocation, further promoting the disease progression. In view of these mechanisms, drugs targeting GMB may be one of the effective ways to treat HFpEF. This review focuses on the interaction of GMB and HFpEF and analyzes potential therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Medical Center of Soochow University, Suzhou Dushu Lake Hospital, Suzhou 215000, China
- Institute for Hypertension, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Yufeng Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Medical Center of Soochow University, Suzhou Dushu Lake Hospital, Suzhou 215000, China
- Institute for Hypertension, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Medical Center of Soochow University, Suzhou Dushu Lake Hospital, Suzhou 215000, China
- Institute for Hypertension, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Yafeng Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Medical Center of Soochow University, Suzhou Dushu Lake Hospital, Suzhou 215000, China
- Institute for Hypertension, Soochow University, Suzhou 215000, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: 86-512-65955057
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Filosa A, Sawamiphak S. Heart development and regeneration-a multi-organ effort. FEBS J 2023; 290:913-930. [PMID: 34894086 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Development of the heart, from early morphogenesis to functional maturation, as well as maintenance of its homeostasis are tasks requiring collaborative efforts of cardiac tissue and different extra-cardiac organ systems. The brain, lymphoid organs, and gut are among the interaction partners that can communicate with the heart through a wide array of paracrine signals acting at local or systemic level. Disturbance of cardiac homeostasis following ischemic injury also needs immediate response from these distant organs. Our hearts replace dead muscles with non-contractile fibrotic scars. We have learned from animal models capable of scarless repair that regenerative capability of the heart does not depend only on competency of the myocardium and cardiac-intrinsic factors but also on long-range molecular signals originating in other parts of the body. Here, we provide an overview of inter-organ signals that take part in development and regeneration of the heart. We highlight recent findings and remaining questions. Finally, we discuss the potential of inter-organ modulatory approaches for possible therapeutic use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Filosa
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Suphansa Sawamiphak
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Ren H, Zhu B, An Y, Xie F, Wang Y, Tan Y. Immune communication between the intestinal microbiota and the cardiovascular system. Immunol Lett 2023; 254:13-20. [PMID: 36693435 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2023.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The intestine hosts a large number of microbial communities. Recent studies have shown that gut microbiota-mediated immune responses play a vital role in developing cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Immune cells are extensively infiltrated in the gut and heart tissues, such as T cells, B cells, and macrophages. They play a crucial role in the crosstalk between the heart and gut microbiota. And the microbiota influences the bidirectional function of immune cells in CVD such as myocardial infarction and atherosclerosis, including through metabolites. The mapping of immune cell-mediated immune networks in the heart and gut provides us with new targets for treating CVD. This review discusses the role of immune cells in gut microbiota and cardiac communication during health and CVD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Ren
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Central South University Changsha, Hunan Provinces, China
| | - Botao Zhu
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Central South University Changsha, Hunan Provinces, China
| | - Yuze An
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Central South University Changsha, Hunan Provinces, China
| | - Feng Xie
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Central South University Changsha, Hunan Provinces, China
| | - Yichuan Wang
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Central South University Changsha, Hunan Provinces, China
| | - Yurong Tan
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Central South University Changsha, Hunan Provinces, China.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Zhao N, Wang Y, Ma Y, Liang X, Zhang X, Gao Y, Dong Y, Bai D, Hu J. Jia-Wei-Si-Miao-Yong-An decoction modulates intestinal flora and metabolites in acute coronary syndrome model. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 9:1038273. [PMID: 36684592 PMCID: PMC9845626 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1038273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims We assessed the efficacy of the traditional Chinese medicine formulation Jia-Wei-Si-Miao-Yong-An decoction (HJ11) in the treatment of acute coronary syndrome and evaluated its impact on the intestinal microbiota and their metabolites. Methods An acute coronary syndrome model was established in rats, which were randomly assigned to the model, HJ11 treatment, and atorvastatin treatment groups. Rats were then administered saline solution (model and sham operation control groups) or drugs by oral gavage for 28 d. Echocardiography was performed and serum creatine kinase-MB and cardiac troponin I levels were monitored to examine the cardiac function. Inflammation was evaluated using hematoxylin and eosin staining of heart tissue, and serum interleukin-2, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein measurements. Gut microbiota composition was analyzed via 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Metabolomics was used to determine fecal metabolites and elucidate the modes of action of HJ11 in acute coronary syndrome treatment. Results HJ11 improved cardiac function and attenuated inflammation in rats with acute coronary syndrome. Relative to the untreated model group, the HJ11-treated group presented normalized Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and reduced abundances of the bacterial genera norank_f__Ruminococcaceae, Desulfovibrio, Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, Adlercreutzia, Staphylococcus, Bacteroides, Prevotella, Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group, unclassified_o__Bacteroidales, and Ruminococcus_gauvreauii_group. We found 23 differentially expressed intestinal metabolites, and the enriched metabolic pathways were mainly related to amino acid metabolism. We also discovered that asymmetric dimethylarginine levels were strongly associated with cardiovascular disease. Correlation analyses revealed strong associations among intestinal microflora, their metabolites, proinflammatory factors, and cardiac function. Hence, the therapeutic effects of HJ11 on acute coronary syndrome are related to specific alterations in gut microbiota and their metabolites. Conclusion This work demonstrated that HJ11 effectively treats acute coronary syndrome. HJ11 seems to increase the abundance of beneficial bacterial taxa (Bacteroides and Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group), mitigate the risk factors associated with cardiovascular disease, alter bacterial metabolites, lower asymmetric dimethylarginine levels, and effectively treat acute coronary syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhao
- Formula-Syndrome Research Center, Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,Department of Pharmacy, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Formula-Syndrome Research Center, Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Vienna General Hospital, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Xiaoxue Liang
- Formula-Syndrome Research Center, Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Formula-Syndrome Research Center, Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Formula-Syndrome Research Center, Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yingying Dong
- Formula-Syndrome Research Center, Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Bai
- Formula-Syndrome Research Center, Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Dong Bai ✉
| | - Jingqing Hu
- Formula-Syndrome Research Center, Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,Jingqing Hu ✉ gcp306@126com
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Li Z, Wang K, Ding Y, Ma W, Sun Y, Liu X, Qian L, Li Y, Hong J, Xu D. Dapagliflozin modulates the faecal microbiota after myocardial infarction in non-diabetic mice. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2023; 50:68-81. [PMID: 36164968 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The gut microbiota seems to be a major modulator of cardiovascular diseases, such as myocardial infarction. Dapagliflozin, a sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i), is an antidiabetic agent that was recently utilized in patients with cardiovascular diseases. This study aims to investigate the effects of dapagliflozin on the faecal microbiota of postinfarction non-diabetic mice. A total of 19 male mice were randomly divided into three groups, where two groups were enduced with myocardial infarction (MI) by left anterior descending ligation. One day after the surgery, each group was administered normal saline (15 mL/kg/day, 0.9%) or dapagliflozin (1.5 mg/kg/day) for 4 weeks. Echocardiography was obtained on day 28 post MI. Masson's trichrome staining was used to determine the degree of fibrosis. Faecal samples were collected to assess the microbiome by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. We found that dapagliflozin significantly improved cardiac function in the non-diabetic myocardial infarction mice model after the 28-day treatment, especially in ejection fraction and fractional shortening (p < 0.01). Enterotypes were composed of Muribaculaceae and Lactobacillaceae after dapagliflozin treatment, while Muribaculaceae and Erysipelotrichaceae were the main enterotypes post-MI. Dapagliflozin increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria like Lactobacillaceae, while decreasing the abundance of beneficial bacteria like Bifidobacteriaceae. It was interesting to discover that Proteobacteria (especially Desulfovibrionaceae) were enriched after the dapagliflozin treatment for myocardial infarction. Dapagliflozin increased the abundance of the main beneficial bacteria. In post-myocardial infarction treatments, using dapagliflozin could positively contribute to the improvement of cardiac function and alter the structure of faecal microbiota.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongming Li
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yinzhang Ding
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenjie Ma
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xianling Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lijun Qian
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yansong Li
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian Hong
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Di Xu
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Violi F, Nocella C. Editorial: Gut permeability-related endotoxemia and cardiovascular disease: A new clinical challenge. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1118625. [PMID: 37025675 PMCID: PMC10071368 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1118625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Violi
- Department of Clinical Internal, Anaesthesiologic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Mediterranea Cardiocentro-Napoli, Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: Francesco Violi
| | - Cristina Nocella
- Department of Clinical Internal, Anaesthesiologic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Liu M, Shi W, Huang Y, Wu Y, Wu K. Intestinal flora: A new target for traditional Chinese medicine to improve lipid metabolism disorders. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1134430. [PMID: 36937840 PMCID: PMC10014879 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1134430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid metabolism disorders (LMD) can cause a series of metabolic diseases, including hyperlipidemia, obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and atherosclerosis (AS). Its development is caused by more pathogenic factors, among which intestinal flora dysbiosis is considered to be an important pathogenic mechanism of LMD. In recent years, the research on intestinal flora has made great progress, opening up new perspectives on the occurrence and therapeutic effects of diseases. With its complex composition and wide range of targets, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is widely used to prevent and treat LMD. This review takes intestinal flora as a target, elaborates on the scientific connotation of TCM in the treatment of LMD, updates the therapeutic thinking of LMD, and provides a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Shi
- Department of Gynecology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yefang Huang
- Department of Gynecology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yeke Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Keming Wu
- Department of Gynecology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Zhang R, Chen YN, Zhang J, Liu J. Elevated serum levels of diamine oxidase, D-lactate and lipopolysaccharides are associated with metabolic-associated fatty liver disease. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 35:94-101. [PMID: 36468573 DOI: 10.1097/MEG.0000000000002456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have suggested an association between metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and intestinal barrier function. The present study aims to investigate the association between MAFLD and intestinal barrier impairment in humans and identify potential risk factors for MAFLD. METHODS A total of 491 patients were retrospectively enrolled in this study. The serum levels of diamine oxidase, D-lactate and lipopolysaccharide were measured to evaluate intestinal barrier integrity in patients with and without MAFLD. Binary logistic regression and correlational analyses were conducted to verify the association between MAFLD and serum levels of intestinal barrier biomarkers. RESULTS We enrolled 294 patients with MAFLD and 197 patients without MAFLD in this study. Patients with MAFLD had higher serum levels of diamine oxidase, D-lactate and lipopolysaccharide (P < 0.001) than those without MAFLD. Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that BMI [odds ratio (OR) 1.324; P < 0.001], triglycerides (OR 2.649; P = 0.002), nonesterified fatty acids (OR 1.002; P = 0.011), diamine oxidase (OR 1.149; P = 0.011) and D-lactate (OR 1.221; P < 0.001) were independent risk factors for MAFLD. Additionally, serum levels of diamine oxidase and D-lactate increase as liver steatosis became more severe. MAFLD patients with ≥2 metabolic abnormalities had higher serum levels of lipopolysaccharide (P = 0.034). CONCLUSIONS MAFLD is associated with intestinal barrier impairment. Diamine oxidase and D-lactate are potential predictors of MAFLD, and their serum levels are related to liver steatosis. Intestinal barrier impairment is related to metabolic disorders in patients with MAFLD.
Collapse
|