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Castaño-García M, Granero-Molina J, Fernández-Férez A, Fernández-Medina IM, Ventura-Miranda MI, Jiménez-Lasserrotte MDM. "Who Takes Care of Carers?": Experiences of Intensive Care Unit Nurses in the Acute Phase of the COVID-19 Pandemic. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:162. [PMID: 38255051 PMCID: PMC10815385 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12020162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic caused an international health emergency situation where nursing took on a fundamental role. The high number of patients in hospital ICUs led to a shift in nurses' working conditions and workload. Objective: The objective of this study was to describe the experiences of nurses who worked in ICUs during the acute phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methodology: A qualitative, descriptive study was carried out, with the participation of 21 nurses who worked in the ICU during the pandemic. Data collection took place between May and July 2021 through 21 in-depth interviews. Results: Three main themes emerged: (1) COVID-19 in ICUs: nurses on the frontline. (2) United against adversity: teamwork. (3) New optics of critical care and the nursing profession. COVID-19 was perceived with harshness, and the lack of knowledge about the virus generated confusion, anxiety and fear due to the risk of transmission to family members and relatives. The pandemic marked a shift in the management of human, material and economic resources. Novice nurses learned critical care at an accelerated pace, with significant physical and psychological strain. Expert nurses carried the burden of training new nurses. Although there were tense situations, experiencing these adverse situations as a team led to feelings of increased belonging, togetherness and professional bonding for nurses. While the participants noted an increase in motivation to continue in their profession, they also had a feeling of not having been cared for as they deserve by healthcare institutions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José Granero-Molina
- Nursing, Physiotheraphy and Medicine Department, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago 7500000, Chile
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Resende ADS, de Oliveira YLM, de Franca MNF, Magalhães LS, Correa CB, Fukutani KF, Lipscomb MW, de Moura TR. Obesity in Severe COVID-19 Patients Has a Distinct Innate Immune Phenotype. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2116. [PMID: 37626613 PMCID: PMC10452870 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity alters the capacity of effective immune responses in infections. To further address this phenomenon in the context of COVID-19, this study investigated how the immunophenotype of leukocytes was altered in individuals with obesity in severe COVID-19. This cross-sectional study enrolled 27 ICU COVID-19 patients (67% women, 56.33 ± 19.55 years) that were assigned to obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2, n = 9) or non-obese (BMI < 30kg/m2, n = 18) groups. Monocytes, NK, and both Low-Density (LD) and High-Density (HD) neutrophils were isolated from peripheral blood samples, and surface receptors' frequency and expression patterns were analyzed by flow cytometry. Clinical status and biochemical data were additionally evaluated. The frequency of monocytes was negatively correlated with BMI, while NK cells and HD neutrophils were positively associated (p < 0.05). Patients with obesity showed a significant reduction of monocytes, and these cells expressed high levels of PD-L1 (p < 0.05). A higher frequency of NK cells and increased expression of TREM-1+ on HD neutrophils were detected in obese patients (p < 0.05). The expression of receptors related to antigen-presentation, phagocytosis, chemotaxis, inflammation and suppression were strongly correlated with clinical markers only in obese patients (p < 0.05). Collectively, these outcomes revealed that obesity differentially affected, and largely depressed, innate immune response in severe COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayane de Sá Resende
- Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju 49060-100, Sergipe, Brazil; (Y.L.M.d.O.); (M.N.F.d.F.); (L.S.M.); (C.B.C.); (K.F.F.)
| | - Yrna Lorena Matos de Oliveira
- Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju 49060-100, Sergipe, Brazil; (Y.L.M.d.O.); (M.N.F.d.F.); (L.S.M.); (C.B.C.); (K.F.F.)
| | - Mariana Nobre Farias de Franca
- Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju 49060-100, Sergipe, Brazil; (Y.L.M.d.O.); (M.N.F.d.F.); (L.S.M.); (C.B.C.); (K.F.F.)
| | - Lucas Sousa Magalhães
- Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju 49060-100, Sergipe, Brazil; (Y.L.M.d.O.); (M.N.F.d.F.); (L.S.M.); (C.B.C.); (K.F.F.)
- Department of Parasitology and Pathology, ICBS, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio 57072-900, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Bani Correa
- Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju 49060-100, Sergipe, Brazil; (Y.L.M.d.O.); (M.N.F.d.F.); (L.S.M.); (C.B.C.); (K.F.F.)
- Physiological Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristovao 49100-000, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Kiyoshi Ferreira Fukutani
- Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju 49060-100, Sergipe, Brazil; (Y.L.M.d.O.); (M.N.F.d.F.); (L.S.M.); (C.B.C.); (K.F.F.)
| | | | - Tatiana Rodrigues de Moura
- Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju 49060-100, Sergipe, Brazil; (Y.L.M.d.O.); (M.N.F.d.F.); (L.S.M.); (C.B.C.); (K.F.F.)
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Immohr MB, Hettlich VH, Kindgen-Milles D, Brandenburger T, Feldt T, Aubin H, Tudorache I, Akhyari P, Lichtenberg A, Dalyanoglu H, Boeken U. Changes in Therapy and Outcome of Patients Requiring Veno-Venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for COVID-19. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2023. [PMID: 37146634 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-57032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related acute respiratory distress syndrome requiring veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (vv-ECMO) is related with poor outcome, especially in Germany. We aimed to analyze whether changes in vv-ECMO therapy during the pandemic were observed and lead to changes in the outcome of vv-ECMO patients. METHODS All patients undergoing vv-ECMO support for COVID-19 between 2020 and 2021 in a single center (n = 75) were retrospectively analyzed. Weaning from vv-ECMO and in-hospital mortality were defined as primary and peri-interventional adverse events as secondary endpoints of the study. RESULTS During the study period, four infective waves were observed in Germany. Patients were assigned correspondingly to four study groups: ECMO implantation between March 2020 and September 2020: first wave (n = 11); October 2020 to February 2021: second wave (n = 23); March 2021 to July 2021: third wave (n = 25); and August 2021 to December 2021: fourth wave (n = 20). Preferred cannulation technique changed within the second wave from femoro-femoral to femoro-jugular access (p < 0.01) and awake ECMO was implemented. Mean ECMO run time increased by more than 300% from 10.9 ± 9.6 (first wave) to 44.9 ± 47.0 days (fourth wave). Weaning of patients was achieved in less than 20% in the first wave but increased to approximately 40% since the second one. Furthermore, we observed a continuous numerically decrease of in-hospital mortality from 81.8 to 57.9% (p = 0.61). CONCLUSION Preference for femoro-jugular cannulation and awake ECMO combined with preexisting expertise and patient selection are considered to be associated with increased duration of ECMO support and numerically improved ECMO weaning and in-hospital mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Benjamin Immohr
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Heinrich-Heine-Universitat Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Detlef Kindgen-Milles
- Department of Anesthesiology, Heinrich-Heine-Universitat Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Timo Brandenburger
- Department of Anesthesiology, Heinrich-Heine-Universitat Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Torsten Feldt
- Department of Hepatology and Infectiology, Heinrich-Heine-Universitat Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Hug Aubin
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Heinrich-Heine-Universitat Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Igor Tudorache
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Heinrich-Heine-Universitat Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Payam Akhyari
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Heinrich-Heine-Universitat Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Artur Lichtenberg
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Heinrich-Heine-Universitat Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Hannan Dalyanoglu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Heinrich-Heine-Universitat Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Udo Boeken
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Heinrich-Heine-Universitat Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
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Wang C, Ye X, Ding C, Zhou M, Li W, Wang Y, You Q, Zong S, Peng Q, Duanmu D, Chen H, Sun B, Qiao J. Two Resveratrol Oligomers Inhibit Cathepsin L Activity to Suppress SARS-CoV-2 Entry. J Agric Food Chem 2023; 71:5535-5546. [PMID: 36996017 PMCID: PMC10069644 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c07811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cell entry of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) depends on specific host cell proteases, which are the key targets for preventing and treating viral infections. Herein, we describe miyabenol C and trans-ε-viniferin, two resveratrol oligomers that specifically inhibit SARS-CoV-2 entry by targeting host protease cathepsin L. Several cell-based assays were used to demonstrate the effect of resveratrol oligomers, and their target was identified via screening of antiviral targets. Molecular docking analysis suggested that the oligomers could occupy the active cavity of cathepsin L. The surface plasmon resonance assay showed that the equilibrium dissociation constant (KD) values of miyabenol C-cathepsin L and trans-ε-viniferin-cathepsin L were 5.54 and 8.54 μM, respectively, indicating their excellent binding ability for cathepsin L. Our study demonstrated the potential application of resveratrol oligomers as lead compounds in controlling SARS-CoV-2 infection by targeting cathepsin L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenghai Wang
- Wuhan Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of
Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056,
China
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology,
Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University,
Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiansheng Ye
- Wuhan Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of
Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056,
China
| | - Chengchao Ding
- The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life
Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China
(USTC), Hefei 230026, China
| | - Mengqi Zhou
- Wuhan Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of
Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056,
China
| | - Weiling Li
- Wuhan Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of
Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056,
China
| | - Yuansong Wang
- Wuhan Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of
Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056,
China
| | - Qiang You
- Wuhan Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of
Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056,
China
| | - Shan Zong
- Wuhan Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of
Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056,
China
| | - Qian Peng
- Wuhan Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of
Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056,
China
| | - Deqiang Duanmu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology,
Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University,
Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Haifeng Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug
Target, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University,
Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Binlian Sun
- Wuhan Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of
Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056,
China
| | - Jialu Qiao
- Wuhan Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of
Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056,
China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine
Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000,
China
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5
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Jiang M, Chen W, Chen Y, Chen J, Zhang Y, Yin H, Li Y, Liu W. Analytical performance of rapid nucleic acid detection assays and routine RT-qPCR assays for detection of SARS-CoV-2 in Shanghai, China in 2022. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2023; 105:115860. [PMID: 36459887 PMCID: PMC9708047 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2022.115860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Diagnostic accuracy of COVID-19 varies among different assays. In this study, the analytical performance of 1 rapid nucleic acid detection assay (Coyote assay) and 2 routine RT-qPCR assays (BioGerm assay and DaAn assay) was evaluated, using 1196 clinical samples. Disagreement in the results of 2 paired targets occurred in all 3 assays. The Coyote assay failed to detect 15 samples, and the DaAn assay failed to detect 5 samples. The Cohen's kappa coefficient was 0.970 between the BioGerm and DaAn assays, 0.907 between the Coyote and BioGerm assays, and 0.936 between the Coyote and DaAn assays. The positive percent agreement, and negative percent agreement of the Coyote assay were 84.04%, and 100%, respectively. Our study revealed that the results of the Coyote, BioGerm, and DaAn assays were highly consistent, which provided reference for the application of these assays for diagnosis of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, LongHua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Central Laboratory, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiqin Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, LongHua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, LongHua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, LongHua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, LongHua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongmei Yin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, LongHua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Nephropathy, LongHua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Weiwei Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, LongHua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Ni WJ, Lu H, Ma NN, Hou BB, Zeng J, Zhou H, Shao W, Meng XM. RNA N 6 -methyladenosine modifications and potential targeted therapeutic strategies in kidney disease. Br J Pharmacol 2023; 180:5-24. [PMID: 36196023 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications have received increasing attention and have been shown to be extensively involved in kidney development and disease progression. Among them, the most common RNA modification, N6 -methyladenosine (m6 A), has been shown to dynamically and reversibly exert its functions in multiple ways, including splicing, export, decay and translation initiation efficiency to regulate mRNA fate. Moreover, m6 A has also been reported to exert biological effects by destabilizing base pairing to modulate various functions of RNAs. Most importantly, an increasing number of kidney diseases, such as renal cell carcinoma, acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease, have been found to be associated with aberrant m6 A patterns. In this review, we comprehensively review the critical roles of m6 A in kidney diseases and discuss the possibilities and relevance of m6 A-targeted epigenetic therapy, with an integrated comprehensive description of the detailed alterations in specific loci that contribute to cellular processes that are associated with kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Jian Ni
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui Provincial Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China.,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.,Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Hao Lu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Nan-Nan Ma
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China
| | - Bing-Bing Hou
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China
| | - Jing Zeng
- Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, China
| | - Wei Shao
- School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Meng
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
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7
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Bertolotti M, Betti M, Giacchero F, Grasso C, Franceschetti G, Carotenuto M, Odone A, Pacileo G, Ferrante D, Maconi A. Long-Term Survival among Patients Hospitalized for COVID-19 during the First Three Epidemic Waves: An Observational Study in a Northern Italy Hospital. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:15298. [PMID: 36430015 PMCID: PMC9690296 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192215298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The mortality rate of hospitalized COVID-19 patients differed strongly between the first three pandemic waves. Nevertheless, their long-term survival has been poorly assessed. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical characteristics and mortality rates of 825 patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection who were hospitalized at the Alessandria hub hospital, in Northern Italy, during the first fifty days of the first three pandemic waves. Each subject was followed in terms of vital status for six months from the date of hospital admission or until deceased. Patients admitted during the three waves differed in age (p = 0.03), disease severity (p < 0.0001), Charlson comorbidity index (p = 0.0002), oxygen therapy (p = 0.002), and invasive mechanical ventilation (p < 0.0001). By the end of follow-up, 309 deaths (38.7%) were observed, of which 186 occurred during hub hospitalization (22.5%). Deaths were distributed differently among the waves (p < 0.0001), resulting in being higher amongst those subjects admitted during the first wave. The COVID-19 infection was reported as the main cause of death and patients with a higher mortality risk were those aged ≥65 years [adjusted HR = 3.40 (95% CI 2.20-5.24)], with a higher disease severity [adjusted HR = 1.87 (95%CI 1.43-2.45)], and those requiring oxygen therapy [adjusted HR = 2.30 (95%CI 1.61-3.30)]. In conclusion, COVID-19 patients admitted to our hub hospital during the second and the third waves had a lower risk of long-term mortality than those admitted during the first. Older age, more severe disease, and the need for oxygen therapy were among the strongest risk factors for poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marinella Bertolotti
- Research Training Innovation Infrastructure, Research and Innovation Department (DAIRI), Azienda Ospedaliera SS. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Marta Betti
- Research Training Innovation Infrastructure, Research and Innovation Department (DAIRI), Azienda Ospedaliera SS. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Fabio Giacchero
- Research Training Innovation Infrastructure, Research and Innovation Department (DAIRI), Azienda Ospedaliera SS. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Chiara Grasso
- Research Training Innovation Infrastructure, Research and Innovation Department (DAIRI), Azienda Ospedaliera SS. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
| | - Genny Franceschetti
- Medical Directorate, Azienda Ospedaliera SS. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Margherita Carotenuto
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Anna Odone
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Daniela Ferrante
- Unit of Medical Statistics, Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale and Cancer Epidemiology Unit, CPO-Piemonte, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Antonio Maconi
- Research Training Innovation Infrastructure, Research and Innovation Department (DAIRI), Azienda Ospedaliera SS. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, 15121 Alessandria, Italy
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Chiappelli F, Fotovat L. Post acute CoViD-19 syndrome (PACS) - Long CoViD. Bioinformation 2022; 18:908-911. [PMID: 37654836 PMCID: PMC10465760 DOI: 10.6026/97320630018908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients sero-positive for the Systemic Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona virus2 (SARS-CoV2) virus develop the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (CoViD-19). CoViD-19 may be asymptomatic in some individuals, proffer mild symptoms in other patients, and can be a serious and even lethal disease in a sub-group of the population. The variables that determine the severity of CoViD-19 have not been fully characterized. What is clear is that the patients who survive CoViD-19 return to a state of sero-negativity for SARS-CoV2 generally within 3-5 weeks. However, several cases of repeated infection have been reported, and a large proportion of CoViD-19-recovered patients manifest multi-system and multi-organ symptomatic pathologies several weeks-to-months after resuming sero-negativity for SARS-CoV2. This new pathological condition, originally termed Long Covid, is now recognized as the Post Acute CoViD-19 Syndrome (PACS). The original principal clusters of signs and symptoms of PACS: likelihood of relapse and reinfection, physical fatigue and cognitive slowdown, may actually be broadened to include immune deregulation, cardiovascular disease and coagulation abnormalities. The development and evaluation of new and improved clinical interventions for PACS are critical and timely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Chiappelli
- Center for the Health Sciences, UCLA, Los Angeles, USA; Dental Group of Sherman Oaks, CA 91403, USA
| | - Lily Fotovat
- Center for the Health Sciences, UCLA, Los Angeles, USA; Dental Group of Sherman Oaks, CA 91403, USA
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9
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Schapovalova O, Gorlova A, de Munter J, Sheveleva E, Eropkin M, Gorbunov N, Sicker M, Umriukhin A, Lyubchyk S, Lesch KP, Strekalova T, Schroeter CA. Immunomodulatory effects of new phytotherapy on human macrophages and TLR4- and TLR7/8-mediated viral-like inflammation in mice. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:952977. [PMID: 36091684 PMCID: PMC9450044 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.952977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background While all efforts have been undertaken to propagate the vaccination and develop remedies against SARS-CoV-2, no satisfactory management of this infection is available yet. Moreover, poor availability of any preventive and treatment measures of SARS-CoV-2 in economically disadvantageous communities aggravates the course of the pandemic. Here, we studied a new immunomodulatory phytotherapy (IP), an extract of blackberry, chamomile, garlic, cloves, and elderberry as a potential low-cost solution for these problems given the reported efficacy of herbal medicine during the previous SARS virus outbreak. Methods The key feature of SARS-CoV-2 infection, excessive inflammation, was studied in in vitro and in vivo assays under the application of the IP. First, changes in tumor-necrosis factor (TNF) and lnteurleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) concentrations were measured in a culture of human macrophages following the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge and treatment with IP or prednisolone. Second, chronically IP-pre-treated CD-1 mice received an agonist of Toll-like receptors (TLR)-7/8 resiquimod and were examined for lung and spleen expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and blood formula. Finally, chronically IP-pre-treated mice challenged with LPS injection were studied for “sickness” behavior. Additionally, the IP was analyzed using high-potency-liquid chromatography (HPLC)-high-resolution-mass-spectrometry (HRMS). Results LPS-induced in vitro release of TNF and IL-1β was reduced by both treatments. The IP-treated mice displayed blunted over-expression of SAA-2, ACE-2, CXCL1, and CXCL10 and decreased changes in blood formula in response to an injection with resiquimod. The IP-treated mice injected with LPS showed normalized locomotion, anxiety, and exploration behaviors but not abnormal forced swimming. Isoquercitrin, choline, leucine, chlorogenic acid, and other constituents were identified by HPLC-HRMS and likely underlie the IP immunomodulatory effects. Conclusions Herbal IP-therapy decreases inflammation and, partly, “sickness behavior,” suggesting its potency to combat SARS-CoV-2 infection first of all via its preventive effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olesia Schapovalova
- Caparica Faculdade de Ciencias e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, NOVA Lisbon University, Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University and Neuroplast BV, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Anna Gorlova
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University and Neuroplast BV, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Neurobiology, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Department of Normal Physiology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Cognitive Dysfunctions, Federal Budgetary Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Johannes de Munter
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University and Neuroplast BV, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Elisaveta Sheveleva
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Neurobiology, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Department of Normal Physiology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- Laboratory of Cognitive Dysfunctions, Federal Budgetary Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail Eropkin
- Department of Etiology and Epidemiology, Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza, St. Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Nikita Gorbunov
- Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Center of Mental Health, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Michail Sicker
- Rehabilitation Research Unit of Clinic of Bad Kreuzbach, Bad Kreuzbach, Germany
| | - Aleksei Umriukhin
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Neurobiology, Institute of Molecular Medicine and Department of Normal Physiology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergiy Lyubchyk
- Caparica Faculdade de Ciencias e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, NOVA Lisbon University, Lisbon, Portugal
- EIGES Center, Universidade Lusofona, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Klaus-Peter Lesch
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University and Neuroplast BV, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Center of Mental Health, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tatyana Strekalova
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University and Neuroplast BV, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Laboratory of Cognitive Dysfunctions, Federal Budgetary Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia
- Division of Molecular Psychiatry, Center of Mental Health, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Tatyana Strekalova
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Abstract
The world has seen the emergence of a new virus in 2019, SARS-CoV-2, causing the COVID-19 pandemic and millions of deaths worldwide. Microscopy can be much more informative than conventional detection methods such as RT-PCR. This review aims to present the up-to-date microscopy observations in patients, the in vitro studies of the virus and viral proteins and their interaction with their host, discuss the microscopy techniques for detection and study of SARS-CoV-2, and summarize the reagents used for SARS-CoV-2 detection. From basic fluorescence microscopy to high resolution techniques and combined technologies, this article shows the power and the potential of microscopy techniques, especially in the field of virology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Deroubaix
- Hepatitis Virus Diversity Research Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Life Sciences Imaging Facility, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Anna Kramvis
- Hepatitis Virus Diversity Research Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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11
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Mencoboni M, Fontana V, Damiani A, Spitaleri A, Raso A, Bottaro LC, Rossi G, Canobbio L, La Camera A, Filiberti RA, Taveggia P, Cavo A. Antibody Response to COVID-19 mRNA Vaccines in Oncologic and Hematologic Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy. Curr Oncol 2022; 29:3364-3374. [PMID: 35621663 PMCID: PMC9139308 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29050273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Information on immune responses in cancer patients following mRNA COVID-19 vaccines is still insufficient, but generally, patients had impaired serological responses, especially those with hematological malignancies. We evaluated serological response to COVID-19 mRNA vaccine in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy compared with healthy controls. METHODS In total, 195 cancer patients and 400 randomly selected controls who had been administered a Pfizer-BioNTech or Moderna COVID-19 vaccines in two doses were compared. The threshold of positivity was 4.33 BAU/mL. Patients were receiving anticancer treatment after the first and second dose of the vaccines. RESULTS a TOTAL OF 169 patients (87%) had solid tumors and 26 hemolymphopoietic diseases. Seropositivity rate was lower in patients than controls (91% vs. 96%), with an age/gender-adjusted rate ratio (RR) of 0.95 (95% CL = 0.89-1.02). Positivity was found in 97% of solid cancers and in 50% of hemolymphopoietic tumors. Both advanced and adjuvant therapy seemed to slightly reduce seropositivity rates in patients when compared to controls (RR = 0.97, 95% CL = 0.89-1.06; RR = 0.94, 95% CL = 0.87-1.01). CONCLUSIONS the response to vaccination is similar in patients affected by solid tumors to controls. On the contrary, hemolymphopietic patients show a much lower response than controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manlio Mencoboni
- Oncology Unit, ASL 3, Villa Scassi Hospital, Corso Scassi 1, 16149 Genoa, Italy; (M.M.); (A.D.); (A.L.C.); (P.T.); (A.C.)
| | - Vincenzo Fontana
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 12, 16100 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Azzurra Damiani
- Oncology Unit, ASL 3, Villa Scassi Hospital, Corso Scassi 1, 16149 Genoa, Italy; (M.M.); (A.D.); (A.L.C.); (P.T.); (A.C.)
| | - Antonino Spitaleri
- Analysis Laboratory, ASL 3, Via Bertani 4, 16125 Genoa, Italy; (A.S.); (A.R.)
| | - Alessandro Raso
- Analysis Laboratory, ASL 3, Via Bertani 4, 16125 Genoa, Italy; (A.S.); (A.R.)
| | | | - Giovanni Rossi
- Oncology Unit, Antero Micone Hospital, Largo Nevio Rosso 2, 16100 Genoa, Italy; (G.R.); (L.C.)
| | - Luciano Canobbio
- Oncology Unit, Antero Micone Hospital, Largo Nevio Rosso 2, 16100 Genoa, Italy; (G.R.); (L.C.)
| | - Antonella La Camera
- Oncology Unit, ASL 3, Villa Scassi Hospital, Corso Scassi 1, 16149 Genoa, Italy; (M.M.); (A.D.); (A.L.C.); (P.T.); (A.C.)
| | - Rosa Angela Filiberti
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 12, 16100 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Paola Taveggia
- Oncology Unit, ASL 3, Villa Scassi Hospital, Corso Scassi 1, 16149 Genoa, Italy; (M.M.); (A.D.); (A.L.C.); (P.T.); (A.C.)
| | - Alessia Cavo
- Oncology Unit, ASL 3, Villa Scassi Hospital, Corso Scassi 1, 16149 Genoa, Italy; (M.M.); (A.D.); (A.L.C.); (P.T.); (A.C.)
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