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Platoff R, Villalobos MA, Hagaman AR, Liu Y, Matthews M, DiSanto ME, Carpenter JP, Zhang P. Effects of radiation and chemotherapy on adipose stem cells: Implications for use in fat grafting in cancer patients. World J Stem Cells 2021; 13:1084-1093. [PMID: 34567427 PMCID: PMC8422936 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i8.1084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Autologous fat transplantation is a versatile tool in reconstructive surgery. Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) increase survival of fat grafts and thus are increasingly used for breast reconstruction in breast cancer patients. However, radiation and/or chemotherapy have been proposed to inhibit soft tissue regeneration in wound healing thus suggesting alteration in stem cell pathways. Therefore, elucidating effects of radiation and chemotherapy on ASCs is critical if one desires to enhance the survival of fat grafts in patients. This review outlines our work evaluating the function and recoverability of ASCs from radiation or chemotherapy patients, focusing specifically on their availability as a source of autologous stem cells for fat grafting and breast reconstruction in cancer patients. Even though evidence suggests radiation and chemotherapy negatively influence ASCs at the cellular level, the efficiency of the isolation and differentiation capacity did not appear influenced in patients after receiving chemotherapy treatment, although fat from radiated patients exhibited significantly altered ASC differentiation into endothelial-like cells. Further, the in vitro growth rates of patient’s ASCs do not differ significantly before or after treatment. Taken together, these studies suggest ASCs as an important new tool for grafting and reconstruction even when radiation and chemotherapy treatment are involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Platoff
- Department of Surgery, Cooper University Health Care, Camden, NJ 08103, United States
| | - Miguel A Villalobos
- Department of Surgery, Cooper University Health Care, Camden, NJ 08103, United States
| | - Ashleigh Rapp Hagaman
- Department of Surgery, Cooper University Health Care, Camden, NJ 08103, United States
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Surgery, Cooper University Health Care, Camden, NJ 08103, United States
- Department of Surgery, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ 08103, United States
| | - Martha Matthews
- Department of Surgery, Cooper University Health Care, Camden, NJ 08103, United States
- Department of Surgery, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ 08103, United States
| | - Michael E DiSanto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ 08103, United States
| | - Jeffrey P Carpenter
- Department of Surgery, Cooper University Health Care, Camden, NJ 08103, United States
- Department of Surgery, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ 08103, United States
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Cooper University Health Care, Camden, NJ 08103, United States
- Department of Surgery, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ 08103, United States
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