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Hossain AS, Alenazi MMA, Ahmed ASA, Alrudayni HA, Haouala F, Al-Hashimi A, Kahrizi D, Alhudhaibi AM. Seedless okra pod, chlorophyll, vitamin C and mineral content development using plant growth regulator in vitro and in vivo culture. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2023; 69:53-58. [PMID: 38158689 DOI: 10.14715/cmb/2023.69.13.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Vegetables are rich in vitamins, minerals and dietary fiber that keep a significant role in the functioning of the human body to refrain human health benefits. The experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of different concentrations of IAA on the seedless pod, chlorophyll, vitamin and mineral content of okra as human health benefits. The innovative seed soaking method of application using 0, 25, 50, 100 & 200 mg/l of IAA concentrations was used in okra before germination and cultured in vitro and in vivo. The lower concentrations (25 and 50 mg/l) of IAA significantly increased the pod setting compared to the higher concentration (100 and 200 mg/l). The higher concentration (100 and 200 mg/l) had lower fruit settings than the lower concentration (25 &50) had higher fruit settings. The higher pod size was obtained in the concentration of 100 & 200 mg/l of IAA (34.18 cm²) as compared to the control and other concentrations. In addition, the highest soluble solid content was obtained by 100 and 200 mg/l of IAA concentration as compared to the other concentrations. The maximum vitamin C was found in the concentration of 100 mg/l of IAA as compared to the control and other concentrations. Moreover, higher mineral contents like K, Ca, Mg, Na and Fe were found in 100 & 200 mg/l of IAA. The higher concentrations (100 and 200 mg/l) of IAA greatly increased the seedless okra percentage as compared to the lower concentration. It seemed that 100 and 200 mg/l concentration IAA was a better concentration for mineral content and seedless okra production as compared to the other concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abm Sharif Hossain
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | | | | | - Hassan A Alrudayni
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Faouzi Haouala
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abdulrahman Al-Hashimi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Danial Kahrizi
- Agricultural Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Abdulrahman M Alhudhaibi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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Alqahtani MD, Bin Jumah MN, Al-Hashimi A, Allam AA, Abukhadra MR, Bellucci S. Synthesis and Characterization of Methoxy-Exfoliated Montmorillonite Nanosheets as Potential Carriers of 5-Fluorouracil Drug with Enhanced Loading, Release, and Cytotoxicity Properties. Molecules 2023; 28:5895. [PMID: 37570864 PMCID: PMC10421137 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural bentonite clay (BE) underwent modification steps that involved the exfoliation of its layers into separated nanosheets (EXBE) and further functionalization of these sheets with methanol, forming methoxy-exfoliated bentonite (Mth/EXBE). The synthetically modified products were investigated as enhanced carriers of 5-fluorouracil as compared to raw bentonite. The modification process strongly induced loading properties that increased to 214.4 mg/g (EXBE) and 282.6 mg/g (Mth/EXBE) instead of 124.9 mg/g for bentonite. The loading behaviors were illustrated based on the kinetic (pseudo-first-order model), classic isotherm (Langmuir model), and advanced isotherm modeling (monolayer model of one energy). The Mth/EBE carrier displays significantly higher loading site density (95.9 mg/g) as compared to EXBE (66.2 mg/g) and BE (44.9 mg/g). The loading numbers of 5-Fu in each site of BE, EXBE, and Mth/EXBE (>1) reflect the vertical orientation of these loaded ions involving multi-molecular processes. The loading processes that occurred appeared to be controlled by complex physical and weak chemical mechanisms, considering both Gaussian energy (<8 KJ/mol) as well as loading energy (<40 KJ/mol). The releasing patterns of EXBE and Mth/EXBE exhibit prolonged and continuous properties up to 100 h, with Mth/EXBE displaying much faster behaviors. Based on the release kinetic modeling, the release reactions exhibit non-Fickian transport release properties, validating cooperative diffusion and erosion release mechanisms. The cytotoxicity of 5-Fu is also significantly enhanced by these carriers: 5-Fu/BE (8.6% cell viability), 5-Fu/EXBE (2.21% cell viability), and 5-Fu/Mth/EXBE (0.73% cell viability).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mashael D. Alqahtani
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - May N. Bin Jumah
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Al-Hashimi
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A. Allam
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Mostafa R. Abukhadra
- Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 65211, Egypt
- Materials Technologies and Their Applications Laboratory, Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Stefano Bellucci
- INFN-Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via E. Fermi 54, 00044 Frascati, Italy
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Tarroum M, Alfarraj NS, Al-Qurainy F, Al-Hashimi A, Khan S, Nadeem M, Salih AM, Shaikhaldein HO. Improving the Production of Secondary Metabolites via the Application of Biogenic Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles in the Calli of Delonix elata: A Potential Medicinal Plant. Metabolites 2023; 13:905. [PMID: 37623850 PMCID: PMC10456625 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13080905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The implementation of nanotechnology in the field of plant tissue culture has demonstrated an interesting impact on in vitro plant growth and development. Furthermore, the plant tissue culture accompanying nanoparticles has been showed to be a reliable alternative for the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. Herein, the effectiveness of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) on the growth of Delonix elata calli, as well as their phytochemical profiles, were investigated. Delonix elata seeds were collected and germinated, and then the plant species was determined based on the PCR product sequence of ITS1 and ITS4 primers. Afterward, the calli derived from Delonix elata seedlings were subjected to 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 mg/L of ZnONPs. The ZnONPs were biologically synthesized using the Ricinus communis aqueous leaf extract, which acts as a capping and reducing agent, and zinc nitrate solution. The nanostructures of the biogenic ZnONPs were confirmed using different techniques like UV-visible spectroscopy (UV), zeta potential measurement, Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Adding 30 mg/L of ZnONPs to the MS media (containing 2.5 µM 2,4-D and 1 µM BAP) resulted in the highest callus fresh weight (5.65 g) compared to the control and other ZnONP treatments. Similarly, more phenolic accumulation (358.85 µg/g DW) and flavonoid (112.88 µg/g DW) contents were achieved at 30 mg/L. Furthermore, the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis showed significant increments in gallic acid, quercetin, hesperidin, and rutin in all treated ZnONP calli compared to the control. On the other hand, the gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) analysis of the calli extracts revealed that nine phytochemical compounds were common among all extracts. Moreover, the most predominant compound found in calli treated with 20, 30, 40, and 50 mg/L of ZnONPs was bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, with percentage areas of 27.33, 38.68, 22.66, and 17.98%, respectively. The predominant compounds in the control and in calli treated with 10 mg/L of ZnONPs were octadecanoic acid, 2-propenyl ester and heptanoic acid. In conclusion, in this study, green ZnONPs exerted beneficial effects on Delonix elata calli and improved their production of bioactive compounds, especially at a dose of 30 mg/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Tarroum
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Alfarraj NS, Tarroum M, Al-Qurainy F, Nadeem M, Khan S, Salih AM, Shaikhaldein HO, Al-Hashimi A, Alansi S, Perveen K. Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles and Exploring Their Potential of Reducing the Contamination of the In Vitro Culture Media and Inducing the Callus Growth of Rumex nervosus Explants. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28093666. [PMID: 37175076 PMCID: PMC10180181 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Among biological methods, green synthesis of the nanomaterials using plant extracts was shown to be an environmentally friendly, economical, and simple approach. In the current study, the biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was achieved using the leaf extract of Hibiscus tiliaceus, in order to prevent the contamination of the tissue culture media and induce callus growth. The nanostructures of the fabricated AgNPs were characterized using UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infra-red spectra (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), zeta size, and zeta potential techniques. Our results indicate that The UV-vis spectrum of AgNPs exhibited an absorption band at 415 nm. The FTIR analysis identified the functional groups which could involve in the reduction of silver ions to AgNPs, this was also confirmed by the (hkl) diffraction peaks in the XRD diffractogram. Moreover, the TEM analysis showed a spherical nanoparticle with a size ranging from 21 and 26 nm. Thereafter, the potential antibacterial and antifungal activity of the biogenic AgNPs was evaluated against Bacillus pumilus and Alternaria alternata which were isolated from the in vitro culture media and identified based on 16S rDNA and ITS rDNA sequences, respectively. The results showed that the AgNPs significantly inhibited the growth of Alternaria alternata and Bacillus pumilus at all applied concentrations (5, 10, 20 and 40 mg/L). Compared to the control more fungal radial growth reduction (42.59%,) and bacterial inhibition (98.12%) were registered in the plates containing high doses of AgNPs (40 mg/L). Using Rumex nervosus explants, the biosynthesized AgNPs were tested for their impact to promote callus growth. The obtained results showed a significant effect of AgNPs on callus fresh weight at all applied doses. Moreover, AgNPs treatments showed a polymorphism of 12.5% which was detected by RAPD markers. In summary, the results revealed that AgNPs (40 mg/L) can be effectively added to the in vitro culture media for reducing microbial contamination and improving callus growth while greatly maintaining its genetic stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norah S Alfarraj
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Tarroum
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Al-Qurainy
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Nadeem
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salim Khan
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdalrhaman M Salih
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan O Shaikhaldein
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Al-Hashimi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh Alansi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kahkashan Perveen
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Bashir S, Bashir S, Gulshan AB, Iqbal J, Diao ZH, Hassan W, Al-Hashimi A, Elshikh MS, Chen Z. Efficiency of Soil Amendments for Copper Removal and Brassica Juncea (L.) Growth in Wastewater Irrigated Agricultural Soil. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2022; 109:1075-1080. [PMID: 36326843 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-022-03624-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater irrigation is becoming a massive challenge for sustainable agriculture. Particularly, copper (Cu) presence in wastewater poses a great threat to the food chain quality. Thus, scientists need to address this issue by using chemical and organic soil amendments to restore the soil ecosystem. Therefore, this study aims to examine the efficacy of sulphur, compost, acidified animal manure and sesame straw biochar for Cu immobilization, adsorption and Brassica growth in wastewater irrigated soil. The current findings presented that all the soil amendments prominently improved brassica yield and significantly minimized the Cu uptake by Brassica shoots and roots in sesame straw biochar (SB) (64.2% and 50.2%), compost (CP) (48% and 32.5%), acidified manure (AM) (37% and 23.2%) and Sulphur (SP) (16% and 3.1%) respectively relative to untreated soil. In addition, Cu bioavailability was reduced by 51%, 34%, 16.6%, and 7.4% when SB, CP, AM, and SP were incorporated in wastewater irrigated polluted soil. The Cu adsorption isotherm results also revealed that SB treated soil has great potential to increase Cu adsorption capacity by 223 mg g- 1 over control 89 mg g- 1. Among all the treatments, SB and CP were considered suitable candidates for the restoration of Cu polluted alkaline nature soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saqib Bashir
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan.
| | - Safdar Bashir
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
| | | | - Javaid Iqbal
- Department of Agronomy, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
| | - Zeng-Hui Diao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, 510225, Guangzhou, China
| | - Waseem Hassan
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081, Beijing, China
| | - Abdulrahman Al-Hashimi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zhongbing Chen
- Department of Applied Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 16500, Praha - Suchdol, Czech Republic.
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Raja S, Farhat F, Tariq A, Malik Z, Aziz RB, Kamran M, Elsharkawy MM, Ali A, Al-Hashimi A, Elshikh MS. Genetic Behavior of Tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum L.) Germplasm Governing Heavy Metal Tolerance and Yield Traits under Wastewater Irrigation. Plants (Basel) 2022; 11:2973. [PMID: 36365425 PMCID: PMC9658549 DOI: 10.3390/plants11212973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater irrigation is a substitute for surface water scarcity, but traces of heavy metals (HMs) result in deleterious implications for soil, crop productivity, and in humans. Crops presenting HMs tolerance in genetic behavior are important for producing tolerant genotypes cultivated under wastewater irrigation. In the first part of this experiment, the results obtained previously are re-assessed in a hydroponic system and similar patterns and concentrations of HMs are found in different tomato organs. Following this trial, the tomato’s (Solanum lycopersicum L.) genetic basis of traits conferring HMs tolerance and yield are assessed when irrigated with waste or canal water. The North Carolina Mating II analysis illustrate the amount of gene action, nature, and inheritance pattern. Genetic components depict the involvement of non-additive, additive, and maternal genetic effects in HMs tolerance inheritance and yield. A noticeable increase in cumulative additive variance for the number of flowers (11,907.2) and the number of fruits (10,557.9) is recorded for tomato plants irrigated with wastewater, illustrating additive gene action. However, female and male (MSf/MSm) square ratios also show an association with cytoplasmic inheritance. For HMs tolerance, both additive and dominant variances appeared to be significant; cumulative dominance variance (4.83, 16.1, 4.69, 76.95, and 249.37) is higher compared to additive variance (0.18, 2.36, 0.19, −0.27, and 14.14) for nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn), respectively, indicating dominance gene action. The genotype RIOGRANDI accumulated and translocated fewer HMs to the aerial part of the plant compared to CLN-2418A and PB-017906, thus presenting a tolerant tomato genotype according to the hydroponic experiment. This also exhibited a differential pattern of gene action for HMs tolerance, suggesting that genotypes possess significant differences for HMs tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shameem Raja
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science and Technology, Government College Women University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Fozia Farhat
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science and Technology, Government College Women University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Arneeb Tariq
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science and Technology, Government College Women University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Zaffar Malik
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture & Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Rana Badar Aziz
- Department of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Muhamamd Kamran
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia
| | - Mohsen Mohamed Elsharkawy
- Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Asif Ali
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Muhammad Nawaz Sharif University of Agriculture, Multan 66000, Pakistan
| | - Abdulrahman Al-Hashimi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S. Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Silva WJDS, de Alcântara Neto F, Al-Qahtani WH, Okla MK, Al-Hashimi A, Vieira PFDMJ, Gravina GDA, Zuffo AM, Dutra AF, Carvalho LCB, de Sousa RS, Pereira APDA, Leite WDS, da Silva Júnior GB, da Silva AC, Leite MRL, Lustosa Sobrinho R, AbdElgawad H. Yield of soybean genotypes identified through GGE biplot and path analysis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0274726. [PMID: 36223386 PMCID: PMC9555624 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Genotype × environment (G×E) interaction is an important source of variation in soybean yield, which can significantly influence selection in breeding programs. This study aimed to select superior soybean genotypes for performance and yield stability, from data from multi-environment trials (METs), through GGE biplot analysis that combines the main effects of the genotype (G) plus the genotype-by-environment (G×E) interaction. As well as, through path analysis, determine the direct and indirect influences of yield components on soybean grain yield, as a genotype selection strategy. Eight soybean genotypes from the breeding program of Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA) were evaluated in field trials using a randomized block experimental design, in an 8 x 8 factorial scheme with four replications in eight different environments of the Cerrado of Northeastern Brazil during two crop seasons. Phenotypic performance data were measured for the number of days to flowering (NDF), height of first pod insertion (HPI), final plant height (FPH), number of days to maturity (NDM), mass of 100 grains (M100) and grain yield (GY). The results revealed that the variance due to genotype, environment, and G×E interaction was highly significant (P < 0.001) for all traits. The ST820RR, BRS 333RR, BRS SambaíbaRR, M9144RR and M9056RR genotypes exhibited the greatest GY stability in the environments studied. However, only the BRS 333RR genotype, followed by the M9144RR, was able to combine good productive performance with high yield stability. The study also revealed that the HPI and the NDM are traits that should be prioritized in the selection of soybean genotypes due to the direct and indirect effects on the GY.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wahidah H. Al-Qahtani
- Department of Food Sciences & Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad K. Okla
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Al-Hashimi
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ricardo Silva de Sousa
- Department of Agricultural and Soil Engineering, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
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Shaikhaldein HO, Al-Qurainy F, Nadeem M, Khan S, Tarroum M, Salih AM, Alansi S, Al-Hashimi A, Alfagham A, Alkahtani J. Assessment of the Impacts of Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles on Maerua oblongifolia Shoots under In Vitro Salt Stress. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:ma15144784. [PMID: 35888250 PMCID: PMC9315770 DOI: 10.3390/ma15144784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Salinity is one of the major abiotic stresses that affect the plant’s growth and development. Recently, the contribution of nanoparticles (NPs) to ameliorating salinity stresses has become the new field of interest for scientists due to their special physiochemical properties in the biological system. This study is designed to examine the effects of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) spherical in shape (size range between 9 and 30 nm) on morphophysiological characteristics and the antioxidant defense system of in vitro raised Maerua oblongifolia under four levels of salt stress (0, 50, 100, and 200 mM NaCl). Our findings reveal that the application of AgNPs (0, 10, 20, and 30 mg/L) to M. oblongifolia shoots significantly alleviates the adverse effects of salt stress and ameliorates plant developmental-related parameters and defense systems. High salinity elevates the oxidative damage by over-accumulation of the levels of total soluble sugars, proline, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and malondialdehyde (MDA). In addition, enhancing the activity of the antioxidant enzymes, total phenolic, and flavonoid content over the control. Interestingly, the application of AgNPs to salinized plants improved the growth traits and photosynthetic pigment production and caused higher enhancement in antioxidant enzyme activities. Furthermore, mitigating the oxidative damage by lowering the accumulation of proline, soluble sugars, H2O2, MDA, and total phenolic and flavonoid contents in salt-stressed plants. In general, AgNPs augmented the growth of M. oblongifolia shoots under saline conditions through different strategies; thus, AgNPs can be used as an appropriate eco-friendly approach that enhances salinity tolerance in plants.
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Rashid N, Wahid A, Ibrar D, Irshad S, Hasnain Z, Al-Hashimi A, Elshikh MS, Jacobsen SE, Khan S. Application of natural and synthetic growth promoters improves the productivity and quality of quinoa crop through enhanced photosynthetic and antioxidant activities. Plant Physiol Biochem 2022; 182:1-10. [PMID: 35447411 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Modern agriculture is primarily concerned with enhanced productivity of field crops linked with maximum resources use efficiency to feed the increasing population of the world. Exogenous application of biostimulants is considered a sustainable and ecofriendly approach to improve the growth and productivity of agronomic and horticultural field crops. The present study was carried out to explore the comparative growth enhancing potential of plant biostimulants (moringa leaf extract at 3% and sorghum water extract at 3%) and synthetic growth promoters (ascorbic acid at 500 μM and hydrogen peroxide at 100 μM) on growth, productivity and quality of quinoa crop (cultivar UAF-Q7) because it has gained significant popularity among agricultural scientists and farmers throughout the world due to its high nutritional profile. A field experiment was carried out at the Research Area of Directorate of Farms, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan during quinoa cultivation season of 2016-2017 and repeated during next year (2017-2018). All the foliar treatments enhanced the physiological, biochemical, quality, growth and yield attributes of quinoa as compared to control group. However, maximum improvement was observed in chlorophyll a and b contents, photosynthesis and respiration rates, and water use efficiency by moringa leaf extract (MLE) application. MLE application was also found more responsive regarding the improvement in activities of peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, phenolics and glycine betaine as compared to other treatments. Mineral elements i.e. K, Ca and N in root as well as in shoot were found the highest in response to MLE application. Similarly, growth (plant fresh and dry biomass, plant length and grain yield) and grain quality parameters (protein, K and Ca) were also significantly enhanced. Application of MLE was found to be a viable approach to improve the growth and quality of produce as compared to synthetic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabila Rashid
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Wahid
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Danish Ibrar
- National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, 45500, Pakistan
| | - Sohail Irshad
- Department of Agronomy, MNS-University of Agriculture, Multan, 64200, Pakistan
| | - Zuhair Hasnain
- Department of Agronomy, PMA-Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, 46000, Pakistan
| | - Abdulrahman Al-Hashimi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sven-Erik Jacobsen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Tastrup, Denmark
| | - Shahbaz Khan
- National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, 45500, Pakistan.
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Zuffo AM, Ratke RF, Okla MK, Al-Hashimi A, González Aguilera J, Trento ACS, Pereira da Silva N, de Souza ED, Nogueira BKA, Coutinho JH, Steiner F, de Alcântara Neto F, da Silva Júnior GB, dos Santos Silva FC, Sobrinho RL, AbdElgawad H. Understanding the contribution of soybean crop residues inoculated with Bradyrhizobium spp. and not harvested on nitrogen supply in off-season corn cultivars. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0269799. [PMID: 35731745 PMCID: PMC9216555 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive rainfall in the soybean preharvest period can make mechanized crop harvesting technically and economically unfeasible, causing 100% losses in soybean grain yield. An alternative to reduce the economic losses of farmers would be using unharvested soybean crop residues as a source of nitrogen (N) for the subsequent corn crop. However, a question that still needs to be understood is whether the amount of N released from unharvested soybean residues (straw and grains) is sufficient to meet all the nutritional demand for this nutrient in the off-season corn. Therefore, this study investigated the impact of unharvested soybean crop residue persistence on the yield response of off-season corn crop (Zea mays L.) to the application of N fertilizer rates when grown in tropical Cerrado soils of medium and high fertility. Four simple corn hybrids (SYN7G17 TL, 30F53VYHR, B2433PWU, and AG 8700 PRO3) were grown in soils of medium fertility and medium acidity level (UFMS 1) and high fertility and low acidity level (UFMS 2) and fertilized with five of N fertilizer rates (0, 40, 80, 120, and 160 kg ha-1 of N) applied at 30 days after emergence (DAE). Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) was used to investigate the interrelationships between the groups of independent (agricultural production areas, corn cultivars, and N application rates) and dependent (corn agronomic traits) variables. Crop residues remaining on the soil surface from soybeans not harvested and inoculated with Bradyrhizobium spp. can supply most of the nitrogen requirement of off-season corn grown in succession, especially in tropical soils of medium fertility. However, in high-fertility tropical soils, the maximum grain yield potential of off-season corn cultivars can be obtained with the application of mineral N fertilizer in supplement the amount of nitrogen released from unharvested soybean residues. Therefore, the N requirement depends on the corn cultivar and the agricultural production area. However, our results show that when off-season corn is grown on unharvested soybean residues, nitrogen fertilization in topdressing can be dispensed. The agricultural area with high fertility soil (UFMS 2) enhances the grain yield of the off-season corn crop. The corn cultivar AG 8700 PRO3 has a higher thousand-grain mass and high grain yield potential under Brazilian Cerrado conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Mario Zuffo
- Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, Campus de Balsas, Praça Gonçalves Dias, Balsas, MA, Brasil
| | | | - Mohammad K. Okla
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Al-Hashimi
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Fábio Steiner
- Universidade Estadual do Mato Grosso do Sul, Unidade Universitária de Cassilândia, Cassilândia, MS, Brasil
| | - Francisco de Alcântara Neto
- Departamento de Fitotecnia Ininga, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Campus Universitário Ministro Petrônio Portella, Teresina, PI, Brasil
| | - Gabriel Barbosa da Silva Júnior
- Departamento de Fitotecnia Ininga, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Campus Universitário Ministro Petrônio Portella, Teresina, PI, Brasil
| | | | | | - Hamada AbdElgawad
- Department of Biology, Laboratory for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium
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11
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Mahpara S, Bashir MS, Ullah R, Bilal M, Kausar S, Latif MI, Arif M, Akhtar I, Brestic M, Zuan ATK, Salama EAA, Al-Hashimi A, Alfagham A. Field screening of diverse wheat germplasm for determining their adaptability to semi-arid climatic conditions. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0265344. [PMID: 35303032 PMCID: PMC8932620 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is an important staple food crop for one third of global population and important crop for securing future food security. Rapid changes in the climate on global scale could be a threat for future food security. This situation urges plant breeders to explore the genetic potential of existing wheat germplasm. This study screened forty diverse wheat genotypes for their yield under two different agroclimatic conditions, i.e., Layyah and Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan. Data relating to plant height, peduncle length, flag leaf area, spike length, number of spikelets, number of grains per spike, thousand grain weight, chlorophyll content and grain yield were recorded. The tested wheat genotypes significantly differed for grain yield and related traits. Grain yield was positively correlated with plant height, spike length, spike number, flag leaf length, number of grains per spike, and 1000-grain weight. Biplot obtained from the cluster analysis by Euclidean method grouped the studied genotypes in 3 different groups. The genotypes exhibited 10.77% variability within quadrants, whereas 72.36% variability was recorded between quadrants according to clustering. Dendrogram grouped the tested genotypes into two main clusters. The main cluster “I” comprised of 2 genotypes, i.e., ‘Seher-2006’ and ‘AS-2002’. The cluster “II” contained 38 genotypes based on Euclidian values. Genotypes within same cluster had smaller D2 values compared to those belonging to other clusters. The genetic relationships of genotypes provide useful information for breeding programs. Overall, the results revealed that genotypes ‘Line 9733’, ‘Bhakar-2002’, ‘Line A9’ and ‘SYN-46’ had better yield and yield stability under climatic conditions of southern Punjab. Therefore, these genotypes could be recommended for general cultivation in the study region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahzadi Mahpara
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Ghazi University Dera Ghazi Khan, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
- * E-mail: (MSB); (SM); (ATKZ)
| | - Muhammad Shafqat Bashir
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Ghazi University Dera Ghazi Khan, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
- * E-mail: (MSB); (SM); (ATKZ)
| | - Rehmat Ullah
- Soil and Water Testing Laboratory for Research, Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- Soil and Water Testing Laboratory for Research, Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Salma Kausar
- Senior Scientist (Agri Chemistry), Soil and Water Testing Laboratory, Lodhran, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Arif
- Scientific Officer (Lab), Soil and Water Testing Laboratory, Layyah, Pakistan
| | - Imran Akhtar
- Senior scientist (Ento), Regional Agriculture Research Institute, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Marian Brestic
- Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovakia
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Ali Tan Kee Zuan
- Department of Land Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- * E-mail: (MSB); (SM); (ATKZ)
| | - Ehab A. A. Salama
- Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture Saba Basha, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Abdulrahman Al-Hashimi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alanoud Alfagham
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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12
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Islam M, Al-Hashimi A, Ayshasiddeka M, Ali H, El Enshasy HA, Dailin DJ, Sayyed RZ, Yeasmin T. Prevalence of mycorrhizae in host plants and rhizosphere soil: A biodiversity aspect. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0266403. [PMID: 35358287 PMCID: PMC8970520 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants roots are colonized by soil inhabitants known as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), which increase plant productivity, and enhance carbon storage in the soil. We found mycorrhizal vesicles, arbuscles, and mycelium in the root of more than 89% of the selected plants of University of Rajshahi campus, Bangladesh. The rate of their presence differed in plant to plant of a family and different families. The highest root colonization (98±1.0%) was found to be present in Xanthium strumarium (Asteraceae). Mycorrhiza was not found in the root of Sphagneticola calendulacea (Asteraceae), Cestrun nocturnum (Solanaceae), Acacia nilotica and Acacia catechu (Mimosoidae), Rorippa nasturtium, Brassica oleracla var botrytis (Brasicaceae), Punica granatum (Lythraceae), Tecoma capensis (Bignoniacea), Spinacia oleracia (Chenopodiaceae), Chenopodium album (Goosefoot). Result of soil analysis reveals that the rhizospheric soils were deficient in nutrients which might be suitable for mycorrhizal symbiosis with plants. In the rhizospheric soils, 22 species of Glomus, Scutelospora, Gigaspora, Archaeospora, and Acullospora were found. We also found the genera ’Glomus’ dominance in the plant root and rhizospheric soil. So, it can be concluded that the highly colonized roots as well as spores can be used to prepare mycorrhizal inoculum for future purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majidul Islam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Abdulrahman Al-Hashimi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mosa Ayshasiddeka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Hanif Ali
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Hesham Ali El Enshasy
- Institute of Bioproduct Development, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
- Faculty of Engineering, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
- City of Scientific Research and Technology Applications (SRTA), New Burg Al Arab, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Daniel Joe Dailin
- Institute of Bioproduct Development, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
- Faculty of Engineering, School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Skudai, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
- City of Scientific Research and Technology Applications (SRTA), New Burg Al Arab, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - R. Z. Sayyed
- Department of Microbiology, PSGVP Mandal’s S I Patil Arts, G B Patel Science, and STKVS Commerce College, Shahada, India
- Department of Entomology, Asian PGPR Society, Aurburn University, AL, United States of America
- * E-mail: (RZS); (TY)
| | - Tanzima Yeasmin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
- * E-mail: (RZS); (TY)
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Tariq M, Afzal MN, Ahmad M, Ahmed Z, Afzal MU, Maqbool A, Al-Hashimi A, Elshikh MS. Relay cropping of cotton in wheat improves productivity of cotton-wheat cropping system. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0266694. [PMID: 35421158 PMCID: PMC9009688 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cotton-wheat (CW) is an important cropping system in Pakistan; however, delayed cultivation of cotton after wheat significantly deceases system productivity. Late-sown cotton crop suffers from heat stress, high fruit shedding and infestation of various pests and cotton leaf curl virus (CLCV). Therefore, early sowing of cotton is preferred to overcome these challenges. However, cotton planting is overlapped with the harvesting of wheat crop in CW cropping system. Since fallow land is unavailable, relay intercropping of cotton in wheat crop seems a viable option for early planting. This three-year field study evaluated the role of relay cropping of cotton in improving the productivity of CW cropping system and lowering CLCV infestation. Wheat was planted in 22.5 cm rows with no row skipped (W1), one row skipped after every three (W2), and six rows (W3) for planting cotton in 0.75 and 1.50 m apart rows. Early cotton was planted in fallow land (C1) and standing wheat in 0.75 (C2) and 1.50 m (C3) apart rows and conventional planting after wheat harvesting (C4). Yield losses of wheat crop ranged from 8.16 to 19.81% in W3 and W2, respectively compared W1. However, C2 and C3 treatments improved cotton yield by 86.07% and 64.89% suppressed CLCV infestation by 68.14% and 65.86%, respectively compared to C4. Moreover, net benefits from relay cropping (W2C2) were 2190.1 $ ha-1 in 2013–14, 1954.4 $ ha-1 in 2014–15 and 2559.5 $ ha-1 in 2015–16 in comparison with C1 (1543.5, 1311.7 and 1892.3 $ ha-1 during 2013–14, 2014–15 and 2015–16, respectively). The W2 resulted in higher cotton yield compared to W3 which is mainly attributed to double number of cotton rows in W2 than W3. It is concluded that cotton relay cropping (W2C2) resulted in the highest economic returns with minimum CLCV infestation. Therefore, W2C2 is recommended for improving the system productivity of CW cropping system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Tariq
- Agronomy Section, Central Cotton Research Institute, Multan, Pakistan
- * E-mail: (MT); (MNA)
| | - Muhammad Naveed Afzal
- Agronomy Section, Central Cotton Research Institute, Multan, Pakistan
- * E-mail: (MT); (MNA)
| | - Muhammad Ahmad
- Agronomy Section, Central Cotton Research Institute, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Zeeshan Ahmed
- Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | | | - Amir Maqbool
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Abdulrahman Al-Hashimi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S. Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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14
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Abbas T, Fan R, Hussain S, Sattar A, Khalid S, Butt M, Shahzad U, Muhammad Atif H, Batool M, Ullah S, Li Y, Al-Hashimi A, Elshikh MS, Al-Yahyai R. Protective effect of jasmonic acid and potassium against cadmium stress in peas ( Pisum sativum L.). Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:2626-2633. [PMID: 35531166 PMCID: PMC9073065 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.12.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A combination of mineral nutrients and plant growth regulators should be assessed to improve crop performance under various abiotic stresses. There is a need to include plant growth regulators in fertilization regime of various crops along with essential mineral nutrients, especially when they are irrigated with polluted water with higher levels of heavy metals. The performance of pea was evaluated under cadmium (Cd) stress coupled with potassium (K) and jasmonic acid (JA) supplementation. The Cd stress (50 μM) was applied to soil (sandy loam) grown pea plants as basal dose after a month of sowing. The control and stressed plants were then supplemented with K (5 M), JA (0.5 mM) and their collective application along with control as distilled water. Cd stress showed a marked reduction in growth pattern, however, the collective supplementation sufficiently improved the growth pattern of stressed peas plants as evidenced by improvement in shoot length (cm), root length (cm), number of leaves per plant, leaf area (cm2), plant fresh and dry weight (gm). Potassium application under Cd stress significantly enhanced internodal distance (cm) while the number of seeds per pod and relative water contents remained nonsignificant. The applied treatment (JA + K) under Cd stress prominently improved enzymatic activities, which were measured as nitrate reductase activity (NRA), nitrite reductase activity (NiRA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT). Cd stress impacted the biochemical profile by enhancing antioxidant capacity (AC), antioxidant activity (AA), total phenols (TP), while reducing total soluble protein (TSP), chlorophyll 'a', chlorophyll 'b' and carotenoids. The combined application of JA and K under Cd stress enhanced AC, AA, TP, Chl a and b, TSP and carotenoids. The results indicate that foliar application of JA and K efficiently negated the harmful effects of Cd stress on peas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahira Abbas
- College of Agriculture, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Bahadur Sub campus Layyah, Pakistan
- Corresponding authors at: College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China (R. Fan).
| | - Rong Fan
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Corresponding authors at: College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China (R. Fan).
| | - Sajjad Hussain
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Sattar
- College of Agriculture, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Bahadur Sub campus Layyah, Pakistan
| | - Samina Khalid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Pakistan
| | - Madiha Butt
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Ghazi University Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
| | - Umbreen Shahzad
- College of Agriculture, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Bahadur Sub campus Layyah, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Atif
- College of Agriculture, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Bahadur Sub campus Layyah, Pakistan
| | - Momal Batool
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Sami Ullah
- Department of Horticulture, MNS University of Agriculture Multan Pakistan
| | - Yunzhou Li
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China
| | - Abdulrahman Al-Hashimi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S. Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rashid Al-Yahyai
- Department of Plant Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Oman
- Department of Crop Science, University of Reading, UK
- Corresponding authors at: College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China (R. Fan).
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15
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Bibi N, Shah MH, Khan N, Al-Hashimi A, Elshikh MS, Iqbal A, Ahmad S, Abbasi AM. Variations in Total Phenolic, Total Flavonoid Contents, and Free Radicals' Scavenging Potential of Onion Varieties Planted under Diverse Environmental Conditions. Plants (Basel) 2022; 11:plants11070950. [PMID: 35406930 PMCID: PMC9002954 DOI: 10.3390/plants11070950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Genetic diversity and Agro-climatic conditions contribute significantly to the agronomic and morphological features of the food plant species, and their nutraceutical potential. The present study was intended to evaluate the impact of growing conditions on total phenolic and total flavonoid contents, and in vitro antioxidant potential in the bulbs and leaves of onion varieties planted under diverse environmental conditions. Standard analytical methods were used to quantify total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and free radicals’ scavenging/antioxidant capacity. The impact of climatic and soil conditions was assessed using statistical tools. In general, onion varieties cultivated at three different locations viz. Kalar Kahar, Lahore and Swabi exhibited significant variations in TPC and TFC, and antioxidant activities. The bulbs and leaves of Mustang (V1) variety planted at Lahore and Swabi had significantly (p < 0.05), high levels of TPC (659.5 ± 6.59, and 631.1 ± 8.58 mg GAE/100 g, respectively). However, leaves of Red Orb (V2) and bulbs of Mustang (V1), and Golden Orb (V6), harvested from Kalar Kahar depicted the highest concentration of TFC (432.5 ± 10.3, 303.0 ± 6.67, and 303.0 ± 2.52 mg QE/100 g DW, respectively). Likewise, bulbs of V1 planted at Kalar Kahar, Lahore and Swabi exhibited maximum inhibition of DPPH, ABTS, and H2O2 radicals (79.01 ± 1.49, 65.38 ± 0.99, and 59.76 ± 0.90%, respectively). Golden Orb (V6) harvested from Lahore had the highest scavenging of OH radical (67.40 ± 0.09%). Likewise, bulbs of V1 variety planted at KalarKahar and Swabi had significant capacity to scavenge ferric ions (415.1 ± 10.6 mg GAE/100 g DW), and molybdate ions (213.7 ± 0.00 mg AAE/100 g DW). Conversely, leaves of Amazon (V8), planted at Lahore and Swabi depicted significant levels of DPPH, ABTS, H2O2 radical scavenging (90.69 ± 0.26, 63.55 ± 1.06, 51.86 ± 0.43%, respectively), and reduction of ferric ions (184.2 ± 6.75 mg GAE/100 g DW). V6 leaves harvested from Lahore and that of Super Sarhad (V3) from Swabi showed the highest inhibition of OH radical (61.21 ± 0.79%), and molybdate ions (623.6 ± 0.12 mg AAE/100 g DW), respectively. Pearson correlation and principal component analysis revealed strong relationships of climatic conditions, soil properties and elevation with TPC, TFC and free radicals’ scavenging potential in the bulbs and leaves of onion varieties. The variations in the total phenolic and flavonoid contents, and antioxidant potential of different varieties, and their associations with climatic and soil factors revealed the complexity of the growing conditions and genetic makeup that imposed significant impacts on the synthesis of secondary metabolites and nutraceutical potential of food and medicinal plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nusrat Bibi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan; (N.B.); (A.I.)
| | - Munir H. Shah
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan;
| | - Nadeem Khan
- Department of Breeding and Genomics, Magnus Kahl Seeds (Pty), 6A Dairy Drive Coburg North, Coburg, VIC 3058, Australia;
| | - Abdulrahman Al-Hashimi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.-H.); (M.S.E.)
| | - Mohamed Soliman Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.-H.); (M.S.E.)
| | - Akhtar Iqbal
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan; (N.B.); (A.I.)
| | - Shakeel Ahmad
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100048, China;
| | - Arshad Mehmood Abbasi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan; (N.B.); (A.I.)
- Correspondence: or
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Noor J, Ullah A, Saleem MH, Tariq A, Ullah S, Waheed A, Okla MK, Al-Hashimi A, Chen Y, Ahmed Z, Ahmad I. Effect of Jasmonic Acid Foliar Spray on the Morpho-Physiological Mechanism of Salt Stress Tolerance in Two Soybean Varieties ( Glycine max L.). Plants (Basel) 2022; 11:plants11050651. [PMID: 35270123 PMCID: PMC8931774 DOI: 10.3390/plants11050651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Jasmonates (JAs) are lipid-derived compounds that function in plants as key signaling compounds during stressful conditions. This study aimed to examine the effects of exogenous fo-liar-JA application (100 μmol L-1) on the morpho-physiological response of two soybean varieties (parachinar-local and swat-84) grown under different NaCl regimes (0, 40, 80, and 120 mM). Results show that exogenous JA application alone and in combination with salt stress altered the growth and metabolism of both soybeans. For instance, they accumulated significant amounts of Na+ and Cl-, while their K+, Mg2+, Fe2+, Mn2+, B3+, and P3+ contents were low. Further, photosynthetic pigments Chl a and Chl b increased at low concentrations of salt and exogenous JA. Car decreased under both salt and exogenous JA as compared with untreated control. In addition, sugar, phenol, and protein content increased under both salt and exogenous JA application. In contrast, the exogenous JA application alleviated the negative impact of salt stress on the growth and metabolism of both soybeans. Further, the high concentrations of soluble protein and phenol in the leaves of both soybeans may contribute to their ability to adapt to salinity. However, molecular studies are necessary to understand the ameliorative role of exogenous JA in the growth and metabolism of salt-treated young seedlings in both soybean varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javaria Noor
- Department of Botany, Islamia College University, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan;
| | - Abd Ullah
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; (A.W.); (Z.A.)
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele 848300, China
| | - Muhammad Hamzah Saleem
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
| | - Akash Tariq
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; (A.W.); (Z.A.)
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele 848300, China
| | - Sami Ullah
- Department of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan;
| | - Abdul Waheed
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; (A.W.); (Z.A.)
| | - Mohammad K. Okla
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.K.O.); (A.A.-H.)
| | - Abdulrahman Al-Hashimi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.K.O.); (A.A.-H.)
| | - Yinglong Chen
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6001, Australia;
| | - Zeeshan Ahmed
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; (A.W.); (Z.A.)
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele 848300, China
| | - Izhar Ahmad
- Department of Botany, Islamia College University, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan;
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Guedri Mkaddem M, Zrig A, Ben Abdallah M, Romdhane M, Okla MK, Al-Hashimi A, Alwase YA, Hegab MY, Madany MMY, Hassan AHA, Beemster GTS, AbdElgawad H. Variation of the Chemical Composition of Essential Oils and Total Phenols Content in Natural Populations of Marrubium vulgare L. Plants (Basel) 2022; 11:612. [PMID: 35270084 PMCID: PMC8912642 DOI: 10.3390/plants11050612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Marrubium vulgare is a valuable source of natural bioactive molecules with high preventive and therapeutic effectiveness. Therefore, this study aimed to study the chemical polymorphism of natural populations of M. vulgare in Tunisia by quantitative chemical markers and the estimation of divergence between populations. Phytochemical analyses of the eight natural populations of Tunisian Marrubium vulgare prospected in different bioclimatic stages, revealed 42 compounds of essential oils representing 96.08% to 100% of the total oil. Hydrocarbon sesquiterpenes were the main fraction of all the populations studied and β-bisabolene was the major compound (from 30.11% to 71.35% of the total oil). The phytochemical investigation of the M. vulgare plant indicated the presence of essential oil with significant percentages of phenolic compounds. A significant quantitative and qualitative variation in the essential oils is detected for both major and minor compounds. The principal components analysis (PCA) performed in the single and combined traits provides a good distinction among populations, not according to their geographical and/or bioclimatic origins. Moreover, the phytochemical analysis of the leaves showed that the Tunisian populations, i.e., the populations of Kasserine, Kef, and Beja, were very rich in phenolic compounds (from 20.8 to 44.65 mg GAE/g DW). Flavonoids compounds were also the main class of total polyphenols present in all the tested populations (from 8.91 to 37.48 mg RE/g DW). The quantitative genetic diversity estimated by the population's structure, based on PCA analysis, was an adaptation to the changes in the environmental conditions. Overall, our study indicated that natural populations of M. vulgare had different chemotypes of essential oils and they were rich in phenolic compounds, particularly flavonoids, which opens a new prospect for industrial use and differential exploitation of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mounira Guedri Mkaddem
- Energy, Water, Environment and Process Laboratory, (LR18ES35), National Engineering School of Gabes, University of Gabes, Gabes 6072, Tunisia; (M.G.M.); (M.B.A.); (M.R.)
| | - Ahlem Zrig
- Faculty of Sciences of Gabès, University of Gabes, Tunisia City Erriadh, Zrig, Gabes 6072, Tunisia
| | - Mariem Ben Abdallah
- Energy, Water, Environment and Process Laboratory, (LR18ES35), National Engineering School of Gabes, University of Gabes, Gabes 6072, Tunisia; (M.G.M.); (M.B.A.); (M.R.)
| | - Mehrez Romdhane
- Energy, Water, Environment and Process Laboratory, (LR18ES35), National Engineering School of Gabes, University of Gabes, Gabes 6072, Tunisia; (M.G.M.); (M.B.A.); (M.R.)
| | - Mohammad K. Okla
- Department of Food Sciences & Nutrition, College of Food & Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.K.O.); (A.A.-H.); (Y.A.A.)
| | - Abdulrahman Al-Hashimi
- Department of Food Sciences & Nutrition, College of Food & Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.K.O.); (A.A.-H.); (Y.A.A.)
| | - Yasmeen A. Alwase
- Department of Food Sciences & Nutrition, College of Food & Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.K.O.); (A.A.-H.); (Y.A.A.)
| | - Momtaz Y. Hegab
- Resarch Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt;
| | - Mahmoud M. Y. Madany
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt;
| | - Abdelrahim H. A. Hassan
- Department of Food Safety and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt;
| | - Gerrit T. S. Beemster
- Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 2000 Antwerpen, Belgium; (G.T.S.B.); (H.A.)
| | - Hamada AbdElgawad
- Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 2000 Antwerpen, Belgium; (G.T.S.B.); (H.A.)
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
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18
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Irshad S, Matloob A, Iqbal S, Ibrar D, Hasnain Z, Khan S, Rashid N, Nawaz M, Ikram RM, Wahid MA, Al-Hashimi A, Elshikh MS, Diao ZH. Foliar application of potassium and moringa leaf extract improves growth, physiology and productivity of kabuli chickpea grown under varying sowing regimes. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0263323. [PMID: 35143535 PMCID: PMC8830639 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is of prime importance because of vital source of protein as major food legume. Globally, it is cultivated on large area to meet dietary requirements of humans. Climatic extremes (erratic rainfall, extreme high and low temperature) are key restrains for its production. Optimum sowing time is considered as an important factor to address climatic variations and to attain maximum yield. Foliar application of potassium (K) has also been reported to increase resistance against abiotic stresses. Similarly, exogenous application of plant based growth substances (bio-stimulants) like moringa leaf extract (MLE) are extensively used to enhance productivity of field crops. Therefore, current study was planned to evaluate the impact of foliar applied K and MLE on growth, physiology and productivity of kabuli chickpea grown under varying sowing dates. There were two sowing dates (normal sown; November 15 and late sown; December 15, 2020). Experiment was comprised of treatments i.e. control, water spray, foliar application of K at 1%, foliar application of MLE at 3% and combined application of K and MLE. Foliar applied K and MLE significantly improved physiological, biochemical and yield attributes of kabuli chickpea cultivated under normal and late sown conditions. Increase in growth and yield attributes like plant height, number of nodules per plant, nodules dry weight, branches and pods per plant, 100- grain weight, biological and grain yield were recorded in case of combined foliar application of K and MLE in normal and late sown chickpea. Maximum improvement in gas exchange attributes (stomatal conductance and transpiration rate), chlorophyll contents, antioxidants (catalase, superoxide dismutase and ascorbate peroxidase) and osmolytes (proline) were recorded with combined application of K and MLE in both sowing dates. Thus, combined applied K and MLE can be used to enhance productivity of kabuli chickpea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohail Irshad
- Department of Agronomy, MNS-University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan
- * E-mail: (SI); (Z-HD)
| | - Amar Matloob
- Department of Agronomy, MNS-University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Iqbal
- Department of Agronomy, MNS-University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Danish Ibrar
- National Agricultural Research Center, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Zuhair Hasnain
- Department of Agronomy, PMAS- Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Shahbaz Khan
- National Agricultural Research Center, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Nabila Rashid
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nawaz
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, KFUEIT, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Abdulrahman Al-Hashimi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S. Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zeng-Hui Diao
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Agricultural Land Pollution Prevention and Control, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (SI); (Z-HD)
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19
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Bhaskar KA, Al-Hashimi A, Meena M, Meena VS, Langyan S, Shrivastava M, Sayyed RZ, El-Enshasy HA, Almunqedhi BMA, Singh R. Conservation agricultural practices for minimizing ammonia volatilization and maximizing wheat productivity. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:9792-9804. [PMID: 34508308 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16370-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A large amount of ammonia volatilization from the agricultural system causes environmental problems and increases production costs. Conservation agriculture has emerged as an alternate and sustainable crop production system. Therefore, in the present study, ammonia losses from different agricultural practices were evaluated for the wheat crop under different tillage practices. The results of the present study showed that the cumulative emission of ammonia flux from the wheat field varied from 6.23 to 24.00 kg ha-1 (P ≤ 0.05) in conservation tillage (CA) and 7.03 to 26.58 kg ha-1 (P ≤ 0.05) in conventional tillage (CT) among different treatments. Application of basal 80% nitrogen resulted in the highest ammonia flux in conventional and conservation tillage practices. The ammonia volatilization followed the following trend: urea super granules with band placement > neem-coated urea with band placement > neem-coated urea with broadcast before irrigation > neem-coated urea with broadcast after irrigation > slow-release N fertilizer (urea stabilized with DCD and N(n-butyl)thiophosphoric triamide) with band placement. The conservation agricultural practices involving conservation tillage appear to be a sustainable approach for minimizing ammonia volatilization and improving wheat productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumar Anurag Bhaskar
- Centre for Environment Science and Climate Resilient Agriculture (CESCRA), ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Abdulrahman Al-Hashimi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahesh Meena
- Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, ICAR-Indian Agriculture Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Vijay Singh Meena
- ICAR-Vivekananda Parvatiya Krishi Anusandhan Sansthan, Almora, Uttarakhand, 263601, India
- Borlaug Institute for South Asia (BISA), CIMMYT, Pusa, Samastipur, Bihar, 848125, India
| | - Sapna Langyan
- Division of Germplasm Evaluation, ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Manoj Shrivastava
- Centre for Environment Science and Climate Resilient Agriculture (CESCRA), ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Riyaz Zafar Sayyed
- Department of Microbiology, PSGVP Mandal's Arts, Science, and Commerce College, Shahada, Maharashtra, 425409, India.
- Asian PGPR Society for Sustainable Agriculture, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36830, USA.
| | - Hesham A El-Enshasy
- Institute of Bioproduct Development (IBD), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), 81310, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
- City of Scientific Research and Technology Application (SRTA), New Burg Al Arab, Alexandria, Egypt
| | | | - Renu Singh
- Centre for Environment Science and Climate Resilient Agriculture (CESCRA), ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India.
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20
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Hafeez MB, Ramzan Y, Khan S, Ibrar D, Bashir S, Zahra N, Rashid N, Nadeem M, Rahman SU, Shair H, Ahmad J, Hussain M, Irshad S, Al-Hashimi A, Alfagham A, Diao ZH. Application of Zinc and Iron-Based Fertilizers Improves the Growth Attributes, Productivity, and Grain Quality of Two Wheat ( Triticum aestivum) Cultivars. Front Nutr 2021; 8:779595. [PMID: 34966772 PMCID: PMC8710766 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.779595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Field-based experiments were conducted during wheat cultivation seasons of 2017–2018 and 2018–2019 to minimize the impact of hidden hunger (micronutrient deficiencies) through agronomic biofortification of two wheat cultivars with zinc and iron. Two spring-planted bread wheat cultivars: Zincol-16 (Zn-efficient) and Anaj-17 (Zn-inefficient with high-yield potential) were treated with either zinc (10 kg/ha), iron (12 kg/ha), or their combination to study their effect on some growth attributes (plant height, tillers, and spike length, etc.,), productivity, and quality. No application of zinc and iron or their combinations served as the control. Maximum Zn and Fe contents of grains were improved by sole application of Zn and Fe, respectively. A higher concentration of Ca in grains was observed by the combined application of Zn and Fe. Starch contents were found maximum by sole application of Fe. Sole or combined application of Zn and Fe reduced wet gluten contents. Maximum proteins were recorded in Anaj-17 under control treatments. Zincol-16 produced maximum ionic concentration, starch contents, and wet gluten as compared to Anaj-17. Yield and growth attributes were also significantly (p < 0.05) improved by combined application as compared to the sole application of Zn or Fe. The combined application also produced the highest biological and grain yield with a maximum harvest index. Cultivar Anaj-17 was found more responsive regarding growth and yield attributes comparatively. The findings of the present study showed that the combined application of Zn and Fe produced good quality grains (more Zn, Fe, Ca, starch, and less gluten concentrations) with a maximum productivity of bread wheat cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Bilal Hafeez
- Wheat Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Yasir Ramzan
- Wheat Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shahbaz Khan
- National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan.,Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Ardmore, OK, United States
| | - Danish Ibrar
- National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Saqib Bashir
- Department of Soil and Environmental Science, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
| | - Noreen Zahra
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Nabila Rashid
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Majid Nadeem
- Wheat Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Saleem Ur Rahman
- Wheat Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Hira Shair
- Wheat Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Javed Ahmad
- Wheat Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Makhdoom Hussain
- Wheat Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sohail Irshad
- Department of Agronomy, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Abdulrahman Al-Hashimi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alanoud Alfagham
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zeng-Hui Diao
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Agricultural Land Pollution Prevention and Control, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
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21
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Zrig A, Saleh A, Hamouda F, Okla MK, Al-Qahtani WH, Alwasel YA, Al-Hashimi A, Hegab MY, Hassan AHA, AbdElgawad H. Impact of Sprouting under Potassium Nitrate Priming on Nitrogen Assimilation and Bioactivity of Three Medicago Species. Plants (Basel) 2021; 11:plants11010071. [PMID: 35009075 PMCID: PMC8747570 DOI: 10.3390/plants11010071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Edible sprouts are rich in flavonoids and other polyphenols, as well as proteins, minerals, and vitamins. Increasing sprout consumption necessitates improving their quality, palatability, and bioactivity. The purpose of this study was to test how KNO3 priming affects the sprouting process species on three Medicago species (Medicago indicus, Medicago interexta, and Medicago polymorpha) and their nutritional values. Targeted species of Medicago were primed with KNO3, and the levels of different primary and secondary metabolites were determined. KNO3 induced biomass accumulation in the sprouts of the three species, accompanied by an increased content of total mineral nutrients, pigments, vitamins, and essential amino acids. Besides, our results showed that KNO3 enhanced the activity of nitrate reductase (NR), glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), and glutamine synthetase (GS) enzymes, which are involved in the nitrogen metabolism and GOGAT cycle, which, in turn, increase the nitrogen and protein production. KNO3 treatment improved the bioactive compound activities of Medicago sprouts by increasing total phenolic and flavonoid contents and enhancing the antioxidant and antidiabetic activities. Furthermore, species-specific responses toward KNO3 priming were noticeable, where Medicago interexta showed the highest antioxidant and antidiabetic activities, followed by Medicago polymorpha. Overall, this study sheds the light on the physiological and biochemical bases of growth, metabolism, and tissue quality improvement impact of KNO3 on Medicago sprouts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahlem Zrig
- Faculty of Sciences of Gabès-City Erriadh, Zrig, Gabes 6072, Tunisia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +216-97-901-249
| | - Ahmed Saleh
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt;
| | - Foued Hamouda
- Research Unit in Enterprise and Decisions, Higher Institute of Management, Road Jilani Habib, Gabes 6002, Tunisia;
| | - Mohammad K. Okla
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.K.O.); (Y.A.A.); (A.A.-H.)
| | - Wahidah H. Al-Qahtani
- Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Yasmeen A. Alwasel
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.K.O.); (Y.A.A.); (A.A.-H.)
| | - Abdulrahman Al-Hashimi
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.K.O.); (Y.A.A.); (A.A.-H.)
| | - Momtaz Y. Hegab
- Resarch Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt;
| | - Abdelrahim H. A. Hassan
- Department of Food Safety and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt;
| | - Hamada AbdElgawad
- Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium;
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22
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Nazli A, Irshad Khan MZ, Ahmed M, Akhtar N, Okla MK, Al-Hashimi A, Al-Qahtani WH, Abdelgawad H, Haq IU. HPLC-DAD Based Polyphenolic Profiling and Evaluation of Pharmacological Attributes of Putranjiva roxburghii Wall. Molecules 2021; 27:molecules27010068. [PMID: 35011299 PMCID: PMC8746485 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study was intended to explore the phytochemical profiling and therapeutic activities of Putranjiva roxburghii Wall. Crude extracts of different plant parts were subjected to the determination of antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, cytotoxic, and protein kinase inhibitory potential by using solvents of varying polarity ranges. Maximum phenolic content was notified in distilled water extracts of the stem (DW-S) and leaf (DW-L) while the highest flavonoid content was obtained in ethyl acetate leaf (EA-L) extract. HPLC-DAD analysis confirmed the presence of various polyphenols, quantified in the range of 0.02 ± 0.36 to 2.05 ± 0.18 μg/mg extract. Maximum DPPH scavenging activity was expressed by methanolic extract of the stem (MeOH-S). The highest antioxidant capacity and reducing power was shown by MeOH-S and leaf methanolic extract (MeOH-L), respectively. Proficient antibacterial activity was shown by EA-L extract against Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli. Remarkable α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition potential was expressed by ethyl acetate fruit (EA-F) and n-Hexane leaf (nH-L) extracts, respectively. In case of brine shrimp lethality assay, 41.67% of the extracts (LC50 < 50 µg/mL) were considered as extremely cytotoxic. The test extracts also showed mild antifungal and protein kinase inhibition activities. The present study explores the therapeutic potential of P. roxburghii and calls for subsequent studies to isolate new bioactive leads through bioactivity-guided isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adila Nazli
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan;
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | | | - Madiha Ahmed
- Shifa College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (M.A.); (I.-u.-H.)
| | - Nosheen Akhtar
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi 43600, Pakistan;
| | - Mohammad K. Okla
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.K.O.); (A.A.-H.)
| | - Abdulrahman Al-Hashimi
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.K.O.); (A.A.-H.)
| | - Wahidah H. Al-Qahtani
- Department of Food Sciences & Nutrition, College of Food & Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hamada Abdelgawad
- Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium;
| | - Ihsan-ul- Haq
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan;
- Correspondence: (M.A.); (I.-u.-H.)
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23
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Sultana T, Okla MK, Ahmed M, Akhtar N, Al-Hashimi A, Abdelgawad H, Haq IU. Withaferin A: From Ancient Remedy to Potential Drug Candidate. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26247696. [PMID: 34946778 PMCID: PMC8705790 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Withaferin A (WA) is a pivotal withanolide that has conquered a conspicuous place in research, owning to its multidimensional biological properties. It is an abundant constituent in Withania somnifera Dunal. (Ashwagandha, WS) that is one of the prehistoric pivotal remedies in Ayurveda. This article reviews the literature about the pharmacological profile of WA with special emphasis on its anticancer aspect. We reviewed research publications concerning WA through four databases and provided a descriptive analysis of literature without statistical or qualitative analysis. WA has been found as an effective remedy with multifaceted mechanisms and a broad spectrum of pharmacological profiles. It has anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antiherpetic, antifibrotic, antiplatelet, profibrinolytic, immunosuppressive, antipigmentation, antileishmanial, and healing potentials. Evidence for wide pharmacological actions of WA has been established by both in vivo and in vitro studies. Further, the scientific literature accentuates the role of WA harboring a variable therapeutic spectrum for integrative cancer chemoprevention and cure. WA is a modern drug from traditional medicine that is necessary to be advanced to clinical trials for advocating its utility as a commercial drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahira Sultana
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan;
| | - Mohammad K. Okla
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.K.O.); (A.A.-H.)
| | - Madiha Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan;
- Shifa College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (M.A.); (I.-u.-H.)
| | - Nosheen Akhtar
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi 43600, Pakistan;
| | - Abdulrahman Al-Hashimi
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.K.O.); (A.A.-H.)
| | - Hamada Abdelgawad
- Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium;
| | - Ihsan-ul- Haq
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan;
- Correspondence: (M.A.); (I.-u.-H.)
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24
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Khanzada B, Akhtar N, Okla MK, Alamri SA, Al-Hashimi A, Baig MW, Rubnawaz S, AbdElgawad H, Hirad AH, Haq IU, Mirza B. Profiling of Antifungal Activities and In Silico Studies of Natural Polyphenols from Some Plants. Molecules 2021; 26:7164. [PMID: 34885744 PMCID: PMC8659076 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A worldwide increase in the incidence of fungal infections, emergence of new fungal strains, and antifungal resistance to commercially available antibiotics indicate the need to investigate new treatment options for fungal diseases. Therefore, the interest in exploring the antifungal activity of medicinal plants has now been increased to discover phyto-therapeutics in replacement to conventional antifungal drugs. The study was conducted to explore and identify the mechanism of action of antifungal agents of edible plants, including Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Cinnamomum tamala, Amomum subulatum, Trigonella foenumgraecum, Mentha piperita, Coriandrum sativum, Lactuca sativa, and Brassica oleraceae var. italica. The antifungal potential was assessed via the disc diffusion method and, subsequently, the extracts were assessed for phytochemicals and total antioxidant activity. Potent polyphenols were detected using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and antifungal mechanism of action was evaluated in silico. Cinnamomum zeylanicum exhibited antifungal activity against all the tested strains while all plant extracts showed antifungal activity against Fusarium solani. Rutin, kaempferol, and quercetin were identified as common polyphenols. In silico studies showed that rutin displayed the greatest affinity with binding pocket of fungal 14-alpha demethylase and nucleoside diphosphokinase with the binding affinity (Kd, -9.4 and -8.9, respectively), as compared to terbinafine. Results indicated that Cinnamomum zeylanicum and Cinnamomum tamala exert their antifungal effect possibly due to kaempferol and rutin, respectively, or possibly by inhibition of nucleoside diphosphokinase (NDK) and 14-alpha demethylase (CYP51), while Amomum subulatum and Trigonella foenum graecum might exhibit antifungal potential due to quercetin. Overall, the study demonstrates that plant-derived products have a high potential to control fungal infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beenish Khanzada
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76080, Pakistan
- Department of Biochemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Nosheen Akhtar
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad K Okla
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saud A Alamri
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Al-Hashimi
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Samina Rubnawaz
- Department of Biochemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Hamada AbdElgawad
- Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Abdurahman H Hirad
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ihsan-Ul Haq
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Mirza
- Department of Biochemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
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Haq IU, Khurshid A, Inayat R, Zhang K, Liu C, Ali S, Zuan ATK, Al-Hashimi A, Abbasi AM. Silicon-based induced resistance in maize against fall armyworm [Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)]. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0259749. [PMID: 34752476 PMCID: PMC8577731 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) is a major economic pest in the United States and has recently become a significant concern in African and Asian countries. Due to its increased resistance to current management strategies, including pesticides and transgenic corn, alternative management techniques have become more necessary. Currently, silicon (Si) is being used in many pest control systems due to its ability to increase plant resistance to biotic and abiotic factors and promote plant growth. The current experiments were carried out at the College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China, to test the effect of Si on lifetable parameters and lipase activity of fall armyworm and vegetative and physiological parameters of maize plants. Two sources of Si (silicon dioxide: SiO2 and potassium silicate: K2SiO3) were applied on maize plants with two application methods (foliar application and soil drenching). The experiment results revealed that foliar applications of SiO2 and K2SiO3 significantly (P≤0.05) increased mortality percentage and developmental period and decreased larval and pupal biomass of fall armyworm. Similarly, both Si sources significantly (P≤0.05) reduced lipase activity of larvae, and fecundity of adults, whereas prolonged longevity of adults. Among plant parameters, a significant increase in fresh and dry weight of shoot, stem length, chlorophyll content, and antioxidant activity was observed with foliar applications of Si. Root fresh and dry weight was significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher in plants treated with soil drenching of SiO2 and K2SiO3. Moreover, SiO2 performed better for all parameters as compared to K2SiO3 and control treatment. The study conclusively demonstrated a significant negative effect on various biological parameters of fall armyworm when plants were treated with Si, so it can be a promising strategy to control this pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inzamam Ul Haq
- College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Aroosa Khurshid
- College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Rehan Inayat
- College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Kexin Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Changzhong Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- * E-mail: (LC); (SA); (ATKZ)
| | - Shahbaz Ali
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, RYK, Punjab, Pakistan
- * E-mail: (LC); (SA); (ATKZ)
| | - Ali Tan Kee Zuan
- Department of Land Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- * E-mail: (LC); (SA); (ATKZ)
| | - Abdulrahman Al-Hashimi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arshad Mehmood Abbasi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, Pakistan
- University of Gastronomic Sciences, Pollenzo, Italy
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Al-Hashimi A, Shayegan B, Hoogenes J, Austin R. Cell surface GRP78 activation by anti-GRP78 autoantibodies confers prostate tumour growth via tissue factor activation. Thromb Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2018.02.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Abstract
AIMS This research investigated the effect of sonication at frequencies of 20, 40 and 580 kHz and approximately the same acoustic intensity on the viability and declumping of two micro-organisms (Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia). METHODS AND RESULTS Two analytical methods were employed; viable plate counts (CFU ml−1) and flow cytometry to identify and quantify both live/viable and dead bacteria in the bulk liquid. Flow cytometry results for E. coli and Kl. pneumonia indicated a high sensitivity to 20 and 40 kHz frequency with a continuous decrease in the viable cells and an increase in dead cells during experiments. In contrast, results using the higher frequency of 580 kHz indicate predominantly deagglomeration of bacterial clumps rather than cell membrane disruption (Joyce et al. 2003). Results indicate a good correlation between flow cytometry and viable plate count methodology. CONCLUSIONS Sonication has two different effects on bacteria (i) inactivation and (ii) declumping; however, the scale of these effects is dependent on intensity and frequency. Flow cytometry provides a method to distinguish between and quantify the effects through the observation of two subpopulations: (i) live/viable and (ii) dead bacterial cells. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Treatment using power ultrasound has been shown to have a significant impact on microbial activity. This is the first time a study has compared the influence of a range of different frequencies, but at similar power settings on the survival of bacteria in phosphate buffer saline (PBS). This work is of importance for applications where ultrasound has been considered for use in industry as a means of disinfection including the treatment and pretreatment of water and also for the sterilization of liquid foods.
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Joyce E, Al-Hashimi A, Mason TJ. Assessing the effect of different ultrasonic frequencies on bacterial viability using flow cytometry. J Appl Microbiol 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2010.04923.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Hilmi FA, Al-Allawi NA, Rassam M, Al-Shamma G, Al-Hashimi A. Red cell glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase phenotypes in Iraq. East Mediterr Health J 2002; 8:42-8. [PMID: 15330559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
We attempted to characterize biochemically glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) variants in Iraqi individuals. Thus 758 healthy Iraqi males aged 18-60 years were randomly selected and 46 (6.1%) were G6PD deficient. Although the predominant non-deficient G6PD phenotype was G6PD B (92.6%), G6PD A+ was found in polymorphic frequency (1.3%). In the deficient group, 31 cases were fully characterized, including 17 cases with features consistent with G6PD Mediterranean variant, while 12 had other biochemical features and were labelled as non-Mediterranean variant. The remaining two deficient cases were characterized as G6PD A- variant. The presence of a significant number of non-Mediterranean variant was unexpected and may be related to the more heterogeneous background of the Iraqi people.
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Affiliation(s)
- F A Hilmi
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
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