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Algefare AI, Alfwuaires M, Famurewa AC, Elsawy H, Sedky A. Geraniol prevents CCl 4-induced hepatotoxicity via suppression of hepatic oxidative stress, pro-inflammation and apoptosis in rats. Toxicol Rep 2024; 12:128-134. [PMID: 38304701 PMCID: PMC10831491 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2024.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) is a classic chemical hepatotoxicant that triggers liver damage through hepatic exacerbation of oxidative stress. Geraniol (GRL) is a natural bioactive acyclic monoterpene with several pharmacological effects. We thus explored whether GRL could prevent CCl4-triggered hepatic toxicity. Rats were divided and administered GRL (100 mg/kg) and/or CCl4 (1 ml/kg of 1:1 v/v CCl4: olive oil) in Control group, GRL group, CCl4 group, GRL + CCl4 groups 2 times per week for 4 consecutive weeks. CCl4 caused significantly (p < 0.05) elevated serum activities of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and total bilirubin (TB), whereas the albumin (ALB) and total protein (TP) levels were significantly (p < 0.05) reduced relative to the control group. The liver activities of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) decreased significantly (p < 0.05), while malondialdehyde (MDA) level evidently elevated in comparison to the control group. The CCl4 exposure caused significant increases in proinflammatory interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), apoptotic caspase-3 and caspase-9 levels, whereas the anti-inflammatory interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were reduced in consistent with histopathological changes compared to the control. On the contrary, the GRL administration prevented the hepatic toxicity and lesions through restoration of liver status markers, antioxidant enzyme activities, MDA, cytokines and apoptosis in comparison to the CCl4 group. Altogether, the findings reveal that GRL could abrogate CCl4-provoked hepatic toxicity via inhibition of hepatic oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulmohsen I. Algefare
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal Alfwuaires
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ademola C. Famurewa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka State, India
| | - Hany Elsawy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Azza Sedky
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Greeny A, Nair A, Sadanandan P, Satarker S, Famurewa AC, Nampoothiri M. Epigenetic Alterations in Alzheimer's Disease: Impact on Insulin Signaling and Advanced Drug Delivery Systems. Biology (Basel) 2024; 13:157. [PMID: 38534427 DOI: 10.3390/biology13030157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative condition that predominantly affects the hippocampus and the entorhinal complex, leading to memory lapse and cognitive impairment. This can have a negative impact on an individual's behavior, speech, and ability to navigate their surroundings. AD is one of the principal causes of dementia. One of the most accepted theories in AD, the amyloid β (Aβ) hypothesis, assumes that the buildup of the peptide Aβ is the root cause of AD. Impaired insulin signaling in the periphery and central nervous system has been considered to have an effect on the pathophysiology of AD. Further, researchers have shifted their focus to epigenetic mechanisms that are responsible for dysregulating major biochemical pathways and intracellular signaling processes responsible for directly or indirectly causing AD. The prime epigenetic mechanisms encompass DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNA, and are majorly responsible for impairing insulin signaling both centrally and peripherally, thus leading to AD. In this review, we provide insights into the major epigenetic mechanisms involved in causing AD, such as DNA methylation and histone deacetylation. We decipher how the mechanisms alter peripheral insulin signaling and brain insulin signaling, leading to AD pathophysiology. In addition, this review also discusses the need for newer drug delivery systems for the targeted delivery of epigenetic drugs and explores targeted drug delivery systems such as nanoparticles, vesicular systems, networks, and other nano formulations in AD. Further, this review also sheds light on the future approaches used for epigenetic drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alosh Greeny
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Ayushi Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amrita Health Science Campus, Kochi 682041, India
| | - Prashant Sadanandan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amrita Health Science Campus, Kochi 682041, India
| | - Sairaj Satarker
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Ademola C Famurewa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo 482123, Nigeria
| | - Madhavan Nampoothiri
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
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Ajibare AJ, Akintoye OO, Famurewa AC, Folawiyo MA, Bamisi OD, Asuku AO, Oyegbola OE, Akintayo CO, Olofinbiyi BA, Omotuyi OI. Synergistic Action of Virgin Coconut Oil and Clomiphene in Reversing Endocrine Dysregulation in Letrozole-Model of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in Rats: Role of Nrf2/HMOX-1 Pathway. J Med Food 2023; 26:683-691. [PMID: 38084993 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2023.0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder in women's reproductive age. Currently, the pathophysiology of PCOS is unclear, and the limited treatment options are unsatisfactory. Virgin coconut oil (VCO) is functional food oil associated with pharmacological effects in reproductive disorders. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate whether VCO could enhance clomiphene (CLO) therapy against PCOS in female rats. Rats were randomly divided: (1) Control, (2) PCOS model, (3) PCOS + CLO, (4) PCOS + VCO, and (5) PCOS + CLO + VCO. The PCOS was induced via daily letrozole (1 mg/kg, orally) administration for 21 days. After the PCOS induction, CLO, VCO, and CLO + VCO were administered from days 22 to 36. Serum levels of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone, estrogen, progesterone, and prolactin were estimated. Polymerase chain reaction gene expression for nuclear factor-erythroid-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GSR), LH receptor (LHr), androgen receptor (AR), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and caspase-3 were analyzed. The letrozole-induced PCOS caused considerable increases in GnRH, LH, prolactin, estrogen, and testosterone, whereas FSH decreased significantly compared to the control. The gene expression of Nrf2, HO-1, CAT, and GSR were markedly diminished, while IL-1β, TNF-α, caspase-3, AR, and LHr prominently increased compared to control. Interestingly, the CLO and VCO separately exerted anti-inflammatory and endocrine balance effects. However, VCO-enhanced CLO effect in LH, prolactin and testosterone, Nrf2, HO-1, CAT, GSR, and AR. VCO may synergize with CLO to depress hyperandrogenism and oxidative inflammation in PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayodeji J Ajibare
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Lead City University, Ibadan, Oyo-State, Nigeria
| | - Olabode O Akintoye
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Ekiti State University, Ekiti-State, Nigeria
| | - Ademola C Famurewa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka State, India
| | - Moshood A Folawiyo
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Ekiti State University, Ekiti-State, Nigeria
| | - Olawande D Bamisi
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Abraham Olufemi Asuku
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Bioresources Development Centre, National Biotechnology Development Agency, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
| | | | - Christopher O Akintayo
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Babatunde A Olofinbiyi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, College of Medicine, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Olaposi I Omotuyi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
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Sedky A, Famurewa AC. Anti-ischemic drug trimetazidine blocks mercury nephrotoxicity by suppressing renal redox imbalance, inflammatory stress and caspase-dependent apoptosis in rats. Drug Chem Toxicol 2023:1-8. [PMID: 37528808 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2023.2242007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Trimetazidine (TMZ) is a promising emerging therapeutic piperazine derivative for renal pathologies. However, the nephroprotective mechanism of TMZ against heavy metal-induced toxicity is unknown. This study, therefore, aimed to explore whether TMZ could mitigate mercury-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Rats were injected TMZ (3 mg/kg bw) and/or mercury chloride (HgCl2) (4 mg/kg bw) for 4 days (n = 6 rats per group). The blood analysis revealed marked increases in creatinine, urea and uric acid levels in HgCl2 group compared to the control. HgCl2 induced prominent decreases in renal superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxide (GPx) activities compared to the control followed by marked increases in the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), caspase-3 and caspase-9. Whereas the renal levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) reduced considerably compared to the control. Contrarily, it was found that in the rats administered TMZ + HgCl2, levels of renal markers, MDA, TNF-α, IL-6 and caspases-3/-9 were prominently reduced compared to the HgCl2 group. The renal SOD, CAT, GPx, IL-4, and IL-10 were markedly elevated along with ameliorated histopathological lesions. On the whole, therefore, TMZ could be repurposed for blocking HgCl2 nephrotoxicity via inhibition of oxidative inflammation and apoptosis in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azza Sedky
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ademola C Famurewa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Nigeria
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
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Alum EU, Famurewa AC, Orji OU, Aja PM, Nwite F, Ohuche SE, Ukasoanya SC, Nnaji LO, Joshua D, Igwe KU, Chima SF. Nephroprotective effects of Datura stramonium leaves against methotrexate nephrotoxicity via attenuation of oxidative stress-mediated inflammation and apoptosis in rats. Avicenna J Phytomed 2023; 13:377-387. [PMID: 37663387 PMCID: PMC10474919 DOI: 10.22038/ajp.2023.21903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective Methotrexate (MTX) is a frontline antimetabolite anticancer drug which is used in different cancer treatments but its nephrotoxicity is a notable drawback that limits its clinical use. The present study was undertaken to examine whether Datura stramonium leaf extract (DSLE) could block MTX nephrotoxic side effect in rats. Materials and Methods Animals were divided randomly into Control, Ethanol extract, MTX, and Extract + MTX groups. DSLE (200 mg/kg bw) was orally administered for 21 days, while MTX was injected intraperitoneally (ip) on the 18th day. Serum levels of urea, creatinine and uric acid were determined. Kidney samples were used to determine glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activities, and renal levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), nitric oxide (NO), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and caspase-3. Results Injection of MTX resulted in considerable increases (p<0.05) in creatinine, urea, and uric acid levels as well as renal MDA, NO, IL-6, TNF-α and caspase-3 compared to the controls. SOD and GPx increased significantly, while GSH was significantly depleted. Interestingly, DSLE markedly reduced (p<0.05) levels of creatinine, urea, uric acid, TNF-α, NO, MDA and caspase-3, whereas renal GSH increased markedly compared to the MTX group. Conclusion DSLE has nephroprotective activity against MTX toxicity. However, further mechanistic studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther U Alum
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ebonyi State University, PMB, 053, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Ademola C. Famurewa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka State, India
| | - Obasi U Orji
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ebonyi State University, PMB, 053, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Patrick M Aja
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ebonyi State University, PMB, 053, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Felix Nwite
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ebonyi State University, PMB, 053, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Simon E Ohuche
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ebonyi State University, PMB, 053, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Stanley C Ukasoanya
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ebonyi State University, PMB, 053, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Lucy O Nnaji
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ebonyi State University, PMB, 053, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Deborah Joshua
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ebonyi State University, PMB, 053, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Kingsley U Igwe
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ebonyi State University, PMB, 053, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Stephen F Chima
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ebonyi State University, PMB, 053, Abakaliki, Nigeria
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Alfwuaires MA, Famurewa AC, Algefare AI, Sedky A. Naringenin blocks hepatic cadmium accumulation and suppresses cadmium-induced hepatotoxicity via amelioration of oxidative inflammatory signaling and apoptosis in rats. Drug Chem Toxicol 2023:1-9. [PMID: 37073537 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2023.2196377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
Liver is one of the targets of cadmium (Cd) bioaccumulation for hepatic damage and pathologies via oxidative inflammation and apoptosis. The current study explored whether the citrus flavonoid naringenin (NAR) could prevent hepatic accumulation of Cd and Cd hepatotoxicity in a rat model. Rats in group 1 received normal saline; group 2 received NAR (50 mg/kg body weight); group 3 received CdCl2 (5 mg/kg body weight); group 4 received NAR + CdCl2, for four consecutive weeks. Assays related to markers of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis were carried out using liver homogenate. Blood and liver sample analyses revealed significant elevation of blood and hepatic Cd levels coupled with prominent increases in alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities, whereas the albumin and total protein levels were decreased considerably. Hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxide (GPx) activities diminished significantly compared to control followed by marked increases in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and dysregulation in caspase and cytokine (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-4, IL-10) levels. However, it was found that in the rats administered NAR + Cd, the levels of Cd, hepatic enzymes, MDA, TNF-α, IL-6, and caspases-3/-9 were prominently reduced compared to the Cd group. The hepatic SOD, CAT, GPx, IL-4, IL-10, albumin, and total protein were markedly elevated along with alleviated hepatic histopathological abrasions. Taken together therefore, NAR is a potential flavonoid for blocking hepatic Cd bioaccumulation and consequent inhibition of Cd-induced oxidative inflammation and apoptotic effects on the liver of rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal A Alfwuaires
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ademola C Famurewa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical, Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Alex-Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Nigeria
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Abdulmohsen I Algefare
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Azza Sedky
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Gui Y, Famurewa AC, Olatunji OJ. Naringin ameliorates 5-fluorouracil induced cardiotoxicity: An insight into its modulatory impact on oxidative stress, inflammatory and apoptotic parameters. Tissue Cell 2023; 81:102035. [PMID: 36753813 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is an efficacious fluoropyrimidine antimetabolite anticancer drug, however, its clinical utility is constrained due to side effect toxicity on delicate organs, including the heart. This study thus aimed at exploring the cardioprotective potentials of naringin (NRG) against 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. We divided Wistar rats into four experimental groups (n = 6) for the administration of NRG (100 mg/kg bw, orally) and/or 5-FU (150 mg/kg bw, intraperitoneal). NRG was administered for 10 days, while 5-FU was injected on the 8th day only. Serum troponin-I (cTn-I) and creatine kinase (CK) were estimated. Cardiac activities/level of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), reduced glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and nuclear factor-ĸB (NF-κB) and caspase-3 were determined. 5-FU markedly increased cTn-I, CK, cardiac inflammatory mediators and caspase-3 expressions, whereas antioxidant mediators decreased appreciably when compared to the control groups. Interestingly, the prophylactic administration of NRG prominently inhibited the 5-FU-provoked oxidative stress, pro-inflammation and apoptosis in the heart of rats. Histopathology confirmed the biochemical results of the heart. Therefore, NRG is a potential natural flavonoid for mitigation of 5-FU cardiotoxicity in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Gui
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Peoples Hospital of Wuhu, Wuhu 241001, Anhui, China
| | - Ademola C Famurewa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Alex-Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Ebonyi, Nigeria; Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal University, Karnataka State, India
| | - Opeyemi Joshua Olatunji
- Traditional Thai Medical Research and Innovation Center, Faculty of Traditional Thai Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai 90110, Thailand; African Genome Center, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco.
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Famurewa AC, Asogwa NT, Ezea SC. Antidiabetic drug sitagliptin blocks cyclophosphamide cerebral neurotoxicity by activating Nrf2 and suppressing redox cycle imbalance, inflammatory iNOS/NO/NF-κB response and caspase-3/Bax activation in rats. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 116:109816. [PMID: 36774854 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Cyclophosphamide (CYP) is a classic DNA-interacting anticancer agent with broad application in chemotherapy. However, CYP cerebral neurotoxicity is a worrisome side effect for clinicians and patients. Strategies to mitigate the underlying oxidative inflammatory cascades and neuroapoptosis induced by CYP are urgently needed. Herein, we have repurposed an antidiabetic drug, sitagliptin (STG), for a possible abrogation of CYP-induced cerebral neurotoxicity in rats. Healthy rats were administered STG (20 mg/kg body weight) for 5 days prior to neurotoxicity induced by CYP (200 mg/kg body weight, ip) on day 5 only, and rats were sacrificed after 24 h post-CYP injection. CYP caused profound increases in the cerebral levels of nitric oxide (NO), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), malondialdehyde (MDA), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), caspase-3 and Bax protein compared to the control. Furthermore, CYP markedly depressed the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), along with levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor2 (Nrf2) compared to the control (p < 0.05). Interestingly, STG pretreatment inhibited the CYP-induced alterations in caspase-3, Bax, pro-inflammatory cytokines, NO, iNOS, AChE, NF-κB, and restored the cerebral antioxidant apparatus, including the Nrf2 and histopathological abrasions. Therefore, these findings show that STG could be repurposed to prevent CYP-induced cerebral toxicity in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ademola C Famurewa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Ebonyi State, Nigeria; Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal University, Karnataka State, India.
| | - Nnaemeka T Asogwa
- Central Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, Tanke, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - Samson C Ezea
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
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Gavanji S, Bakhtari A, Famurewa AC, Othman EM. Cytotoxic Activity of Herbal Medicines as Assessed in Vitro: A Review. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202201098. [PMID: 36595710 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202201098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Since time immemorial, human beings have sought natural medications for treatment of various diseases. Weighty evidence demonstrates the use of chemical methodologies for sensitive evaluation of cytotoxic potentials of herbal agents. However, due to the ubiquitous use of cytotoxicity methods, there is a need for providing updated guidance for the design and development of in vitro assessment. The aim of this review is to provide practical guidance on common cell-based assays for suitable assessment of cytotoxicity potential of herbal medicines and discussing their advantages and disadvantages Relevant articles in authentic databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, Scopus, Google Scholar and SID, from 1950 to 2022 were collected according to selection criteria of in vitro cytotoxicity assays and protocols. In addition, the link between cytotoxicity assay selection and different factors such as the drug solvent, concentration and exposure duration were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahin Gavanji
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technologies, University of Isfahan, 8415683111, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Azizollah Bakhtari
- Department of Reproductive Biology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, 7133654361, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ademola C Famurewa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, PMB 1010, Ikwo, Ebonyi State, Nigeria.,Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, 576104, Manipal, Karnataka State, India
| | - Eman M Othman
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, 61519, Egypt.,Department of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Wuerzburg, Germany
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Albaqami JJ, Hamdi H, Narayanankutty A, Visakh NU, Sasidharan A, Kuttithodi AM, Famurewa AC, Pathrose B. Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of the Leaf Essential Oils of Curcuma longa, Curcuma aromatica and Curcuma angustifolia. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:1547. [PMID: 36358202 PMCID: PMC9686912 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11111547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Curcuma species are widely used as a food additive and also in various medicinal purposes. The plant is a rich source of essential oil and is predominantly extracted from the rhizomes. On the other hand, the leaves of the plants are usually considered as an agrowaste. The valorization of these Curcuma leaf wastes into essential oils is becoming accepted globally. In the present study, we aim to extract essential oils from the leaves of Curcuma longa (LEO), C. aromatica (REO), and C. anguistifolia (NEO). The chemical composition of these essential oils was analyzed by GC-MS. Free radical scavenging properties were evaluated against the radical sources, including DPPH, ABTS, and hydrogen peroxide. The antibacterial activity was assessed by the disc diffusion method and Minimum inhibitory concentration analysis against Gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram negative (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella enterica) bacteria. Results identified the compounds α-phellandrene, 2-carene, and eucalyptol as predominant in LEO. The REO was predominated by camphor, 2-bornanone, and curdione. The main components detected in NEO were eucalyptol, curzerenone, α-lemenone, longiverbenone, and α-curcumene. Antioxidant properties were higher in the LEO with IC50 values of 8.62 ± 0.18, 9.21 ± 0.29, and 4.35 ± 0.16 µg/mL, against DPPH, ABTS, and hydrogen peroxide radicals. The cytotoxic activity was also evident against breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells; the LEO was found to be the most active against these two cell lines (IC50 values of 40.74 ± 2.19 and 45.17 ± 2.36 µg/mL). Likewise, the results indicated a higher antibacterial activity for Curcuma longa essential oil with respective IC50 values (20.6 ± 0.3, 22.2 ± 0.3, 20.4 ± 0.2, and 17.6 ± 0.2 mm). Hence, the present study confirms the possible utility of leaf agrowastes of different Curcuma spp. as a possible source of essential oils with pharmacological potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jawaher J. Albaqami
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamida Hamdi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Arunaksharan Narayanankutty
- Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, PG & Research Department of Zoology, St. Joseph’s College (Autonomous), Calicut 673008, India
| | - Naduvilthara U. Visakh
- Department of Agricultural Entomology, College of Agriculture, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur 680656, India
| | - Anju Sasidharan
- Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, PG & Research Department of Zoology, St. Joseph’s College (Autonomous), Calicut 673008, India
| | - Aswathi Moothakoottil Kuttithodi
- Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, PG & Research Department of Zoology, St. Joseph’s College (Autonomous), Calicut 673008, India
| | - Ademola C. Famurewa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Alex-Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike Ikwo, Abakaliki 482131, Nigeria
| | - Berin Pathrose
- Department of Agricultural Entomology, College of Agriculture, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur 680656, India
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Famurewa AC, Mukherjee AG, Wanjari UR, Sukumar A, Murali R, Renu K, Vellingiri B, Dey A, Valsala Gopalakrishnan A. Repurposing FDA-approved drugs against the toxicity of platinum-based anticancer drugs. Life Sci 2022; 305:120789. [PMID: 35817170 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Platinum-based anticancer drugs (PADs), mainly cisplatin, carboplatin, and oxaliplatin, are widely used efficacious long-standing anticancer agents for treating several cancer types. However, clinicians worry about PAD chemotherapy and its induction of severe non-targeted organ toxicity. Compelling evidence has shown that toxicity of PAD on delicate body organs is associated with free radical generation, DNA impairment, endocrine and mitochondrial dysfunctions, oxidative inflammation, apoptosis, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and activation of regulator signaling proteins, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and pathways. The emerging trend is the repurposing of FDA-approved non-anticancer drugs (FNDs) for combating the side effects toxicity of PADs. Thus, this review chronicled the mechanistic preventive and therapeutic effects of FNDs against PAD organ toxicity in preclinical studies. FNDs are potential clinical drugs for the modulation of toxicity complications associated with PAD chemotherapy. Therefore, FNDs may be suggested as non-natural agent inhibitors of unpalatable side effects of PADs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ademola C Famurewa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike lkwo, Nigeria.
| | - Anirban Goutam Mukherjee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India
| | - Uddesh Ramesh Wanjari
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India
| | - Aarthi Sukumar
- Department of Integrative Biology, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India
| | - Reshma Murali
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India
| | - Kaviyarasi Renu
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Balachandar Vellingiri
- Human Molecular Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, West Bengal 700073, India
| | - Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India.
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Famurewa AC, Aja PM, Medewase JO, Abi I, Ogbonna OC, Ofor CC, Nwonuma CO, Asogwa NT, Erejuwa OO. Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitor Sitagliptin Exhibits Antioxidant Mechanism for Abrogation of Cyclophosphamide-Induced Cardiac Damage and Oxidative Hepatorenal Toxicity in Rats. Drug Res (Stuttg) 2022; 72:396-403. [PMID: 35772725 DOI: 10.1055/a-1842-7596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Cyclophosphamide (CYP) is a potent DNA-interactive anticancer drug; however, its clinical drawbacks are chiefly associated with induction of oxidative multi-organ toxicity. Sitagliptin (STG) is an antidiabetic dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor drug with antioxidant efficacy. Herein, we have explored whether STG could abrogate the CYP-induced oxidative stress-mediated cardiac and hepatorenal toxicities in male rats. Sitagliptin (20 mg/kg, o.p) was administered to rats for 5 consecutive days against organ toxicities induced by CYP (200 mg/kg, i.p) on day 5 only. CYP induced marked injuries in the liver, kidney and heart underscored by prominent increases in serum activities of ALT, AST, LDH, creatine kinase and levels of urea, uric acid and creatinine, while albumin level significantly decreased compared to normal control rats. Further, CYP considerably reduced the activities of SOD, CAT, GPx, and levels of GSH, whereas MDA level increased significantly in comparison to control rats. These biochemical alterations were confirmed by multiple histopathological lesions in the tissues. Interestingly, the STG pretreatment abrogated the biochemical and histopathological changes induced by CYP. These results provide first evidence that repurposing STG may protect the liver, kidney and heart from the oxidative deterioration associated with CYP chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ademola C Famurewa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Patrick M Aja
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - John O Medewase
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - Innocent Abi
- Department of Physiology, Benue State University, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria
| | - Okoro C Ogbonna
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Basic Medical Science, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria
| | - Casimir C Ofor
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Charles O Nwonuma
- Department of Biochemistry, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - Nnaemeka T Asogwa
- Central Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, Tanke, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - Omotayo O Erejuwa
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Clinical Medicine, College of Medical Sciences, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
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Famurewa AC, Renu K, Eladl MA, Chakraborty R, Myakala H, El-Sherbiny M, Elsherbini DMA, Vellingiri B, Madhyastha H, Ramesh Wanjari U, Goutam Mukherjee A, Valsala Gopalakrishnan A. Hesperidin and hesperetin against heavy metal toxicity: Insight on the molecular mechanism of mitigation. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 149:112914. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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Sneha K, Narayanankutty A, Job JT, Olatunji OJ, Alfarhan A, Famurewa AC, Ramesh V. Antimicrobial and Larvicidal Activities of Different Ocimum Essential Oils Extracted by Ultrasound-Assisted Hydrodistillation. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27051456. [PMID: 35268557 PMCID: PMC8911667 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectious diseases and their vectors have remained a concern for human population from their historical origin. Microbial pathogens have also emerged as a potent threat to the healthcare systems even in developed countries. Essential oils remain a less explored method for infectious disease control; besides, the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of essential oil production has emerged as promising source of bioactive volatiles over conventional methods. This study analyzed the possible use of UAE- Essential oils (EOs) from different species of Ocimum plants (Ocimum basilicum (OB), O. gratissimum (OG), O. tenuiflorum (OT), and O. canum (OC)) in the management of microbial pathogens and mosquito larval control. The antibacterial activity was estimated in terms of a disc diffusion assay and minimum inhibitory concentrations against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Salmonella enteritidis. The larvicidal property was found using three important mosquito vectors and the LC50 value was determined. Furthermore, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties were estimated in terms of radical scavenging activities and the inhibition of lipoxygenase enzyme activity. The EOs exhibited significant DPPH radical scavenging (high in OG), hydrogen-peroxide scavenging (OB) and lipoxygenase inhibition (OB). The antibacterial activity was high in OB and OG (p < 0.05) and the larvicidal activity was of higher sensitivity against Aedis and Culex, whereas Armigeres was more resistant. However, no sign of toxicity in the Allium cepa model or non-targeted organism Guppy fishes was observed. Overall, the UAE extracted Ocimum essential oils were found to be effective against various human pathogenic microbial organisms, with OB and OG being highly active. Likewise, the EOs was also able to induce mortality in the larval forms of various mosquito vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuzhimbattil Sneha
- Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, PG and Research Department of Zoology, St. Joseph’s College (Autonomous), Devagiri, Calicut 673 008, Kerala, India; (K.S.); (J.T.J.)
| | - Arunaksharan Narayanankutty
- Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, PG and Research Department of Zoology, St. Joseph’s College (Autonomous), Devagiri, Calicut 673 008, Kerala, India; (K.S.); (J.T.J.)
- Correspondence: (A.N.); (O.J.O.); Tel.: +91-9847-7935278 (A.N.); +66-850423155 (O.J.O.)
| | - Joice Tom Job
- Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, PG and Research Department of Zoology, St. Joseph’s College (Autonomous), Devagiri, Calicut 673 008, Kerala, India; (K.S.); (J.T.J.)
| | - Opeyemi Joshua Olatunji
- Traditional Thai Medical Research and Innovation Center, Faculty of Traditional Thai Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
- Correspondence: (A.N.); (O.J.O.); Tel.: +91-9847-7935278 (A.N.); +66-850423155 (O.J.O.)
| | - Ahmed Alfarhan
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ademola C. Famurewa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Alex-Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike Ikwo, P.M.B. 1010, Abakaliki 482131, Nigeria;
| | - Varsha Ramesh
- Department of Biotechnology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3217, Australia;
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Egba SI, Famurewa AC, Omoruyi LE. Buchholzia coriacea seed extract attenuates mercury-induced cerebral and cerebellar oxidative neurotoxicity via NO signaling and suppression of oxidative stress, adenosine deaminase and acetylcholinesterase activities in rats. Avicenna J Phytomed 2022; 12:42-53. [PMID: 35145894 PMCID: PMC8801217 DOI: 10.22038/ajp.2021.18262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mercury (Hg) is a classic cumulative neurotoxicant implicated in neuronal deficit via oxidative damage and inflammatory responses. We sought to investigate whether Buccholzia coriacea seed methanol extract (BCSE) would modulate oxidative neurotoxicity induced by Hg in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rats were orally treated with BCSE (200 or 400 mg/kg body weight of rat) for 28 days, while Hg was administered from day 15 to day 28. After sacrifice, antioxidant enzyme activities, reduced glutathione (GSH), nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA), and acetylcholinesterase (AchE) and adenine deaminase (ADA) activities were evaluated in the cerebrum and cerebellum of rats. RESULTS Mercury induced significant depressions in catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities and GSH levels, whereas levels of NO and activities of AchE and ADA markedly increased. The histopathology of the brain tissues confirmed these changes. In contrast, BCSE administration prominently modulated the brain NO production and reversed the Hg-induced biochemical alterations comparable to normal control. CONCLUSION Methanol extract of B. coriacea seeds protects the cerebrum and cerebellum against Hg-induced brain damage via its antioxidant and NO modulatory actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simeon I Egba
- Department of Biochemistry, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria
| | - Ademola C Famurewa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Alex-Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Lilian E Omoruyi
- Department of Biochemistry, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria
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16
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Huang Y, Liu C, Song X, An M, Liu M, Yao L, Famurewa AC, Olatunji OJ. Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Properties Mediate the Neuroprotective Effects of Hydro-ethanolic Extract of Tiliacora triandra Against Cisplatin-induced Neurotoxicity. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:6735-6748. [PMID: 34916822 PMCID: PMC8668253 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s340176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cisplatin (CDDP) is an efficacious anticancer agent used widely in chemotherapy despite its severe side effect related to neurotoxicity. Redox imbalance and inflammatory mechanism have been implicated in the pathophysiology of CDDP-induced neurotoxicity. Herein, we investigated whether Tiliacora triandra (TT) extract could inhibit CDDP-induced redox-mediated neurotoxicity and behavioural deficit in rats. Materials and Methods CDDP-induced redox-mediated neurotoxicity and behavioral deficit in rats. Rats were administered TT for five consecutive weeks (250 and 500 mg/kg bw), while weekly i.p. injection of CDDP commenced on the second week (2.5 mg/kg bw) of the TT administration. Results CCDDP caused significant body weight reduction and cognitive diminution as revealed by Morris water maze and Y maze tests. In the CDDP-induced cognitive impairment (CICI) rats, there were remarkable increases in the brain levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β and malondialdehyde (MDA), whereas catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities considerably decreased compared to normal control. The brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in CDDP control rats was significantly increased compared to the normal control. The expression of caspase-3 and p53 proteins was upregulated by CDDP injection, whereas Bcl2 was downregulated coupled with histopathological alterations in the rat brain. Interestingly, treatment with TT significantly abated neurobehavioral deficits, MDA and cytokine levels and restored CAT, GPx, GSH, SOD, and AChE activities compared to the CDDP control rats. Caspase-3 level as well as Bcl2 and p53 expressions were modulated with alleviated changes in histopathology. Conclusion The findings highlight neuroprotective and cognitive function improvement efficacy of TT against CICI via redox-inflammatory balance and antiapoptotic mechanism in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Huang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Anhui Medical College, Hefei, 230601, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunhong Liu
- Second Peoples Hospital of Wuhu City, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianbing Song
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Anhui Medical College, Hefei, 230601, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei An
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Anhui Medical College, Hefei, 230601, People's Republic of China
| | - Meimei Liu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Anhui Medical College, Hefei, 230601, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Yao
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Anhui Medical College, Hefei, 230601, People's Republic of China
| | - Ademola C Famurewa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu Alike Ikwo, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Opeyemi Joshua Olatunji
- Faculty of Thai Traditional Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90110, Thailand
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Ukwubile CA, Ikpefan EO, Malgwi TS, Dibal MY, Famurewa AC, Rasheed-Jada H, Milagawanda HH, Suleiman AU. Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and in vitro-in vivo cytotoxicity effects of Spondias Venulosa (Engl.) Engl. leaf extracts on MCF-7/S0.5 and OV7 cancer cell lines. Scientific African 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2021.e00917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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18
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Azubuike-Osu SO, Famurewa AC, David JC, Abi I, Ogbu PN, Oparaji CK, Nwaeze KG, Akunna GG. Virgin Coconut Oil Resists Arsenic-Induced Cerebral Neurotoxicity and Cholesterol Imbalance via Suppression of Oxidative Stress, Adenosine Deaminase and Acetylcholinesterase Activities in Rats. Nat Prod Commun 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x211016962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is a classic neurotoxicant; its pathogenesis is associated with oxidative stress and oxidative stress-mediated cholinergic deficits. This study explored antioxidant activity of virgin coconut oil (VCO) against sodium arsenite-induced oxidative stress-mediated cerebral neurotoxicity in rats. Eighteen rats were divided into 3 groups- Normal control, As control and VCO + As. The VCO (5 mL/kg) was given once daily by oral gavage from day 1 to day 21, while As (10 mg/kg) was given once daily by oral gavage from day 15 to day 21. Cerebral superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), malondialdehyde (MDA), adenosine deaminase (ADA) and acetylcholinesterase (AchE) activities were analysed. Nitric oxide (NO), lipid profile, phospholipid (PL), and reduced glutathione (GSH) were also evaluated in cerebral homogenate. The cerebrum was sectioned for histological analysis. Administration of As induced significant depressions in antioxidant enzymes, GSH, PL, and HDL-c compared to normal control. Levels of MDA, NO, total cholesterol and activities of ADA, AchE in the cerebrum were markedly increased by As compared to normal rats. Lipid profile indices and PL were prominently altered by As. Histopathological study supported the biochemical findings through extensive cerebral damage. In contrast, oral supplementation of VCO prior to and along with As treatment significantly attenuated the As-induced biochemical alterations and restored near-normal histology. VCO attenuates cerebral neurotoxicity by strengthening endogenous antioxidant defence and cholinergic function via counteracting free-radical-mediated arsenic toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon O. Azubuike-Osu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Nigeria
| | - Ademola C. Famurewa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Alex-Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Nigeria
| | - Japheth C. David
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Nigeria
| | - Innocent Abi
- Department of Physiology, Benue State University, Makurdi, Nigeria
| | - Patience N. Ogbu
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Alex-Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Nigeria
| | - Chiedozie K. Oparaji
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Nigeria
| | - Konyefom G. Nwaeze
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Nigeria
| | - Godson G. Akunna
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bowen University, Nigeria
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Renu K, Chakraborty R, Myakala H, Koti R, Famurewa AC, Madhyastha H, Vellingiri B, George A, Valsala Gopalakrishnan A. Molecular mechanism of heavy metals (Lead, Chromium, Arsenic, Mercury, Nickel and Cadmium) - induced hepatotoxicity - A review. Chemosphere 2021; 271:129735. [PMID: 33736223 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals pose a serious threat if they go beyond permissible limits in our bodies. Much heavy metal's viz. Lead, Chromium, Arsenic, Mercury, Nickel, and Cadmium pose a serious threat when they go beyond permissible limits and cause hepatotoxicity. They cause the generation of ROS which in turn causes numerous injuries and undesirable changes in the liver. Epidemiological studies have shown an increase in the levels of such heavy metals in the environment posing a serious threat to human health. Epigenetic alterations have been seen in the event of exposure to such heavy metals. Apoptosis, caspase activation as well as ultrastructural changes in the hepatocytes have also been seen due to heavy metals. Inflammation involving TNF-alpha, pro-inflammatory cytokines, MAPK, ERK pathways have been seen in the event of heavy metal hepatotoxicity. All these have shown that these heavy metals pose a serious threat to human health in particular and the environment as a whole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaviyarasi Renu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Rituraj Chakraborty
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Haritha Myakala
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Rajeshwari Koti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Ademola C Famurewa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike lkwo, Nigeria
| | - Harishkumar Madhyastha
- Department of Applied Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, 889 1692, Japan
| | - Balachandar Vellingiri
- Human Molecular Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Alex George
- Jubilee Centre for Medical Research, Jubilee Mission Medical College and Research Institute, Thrissur, Kerala, India
| | - Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
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Chen X, Famurewa AC, Tang J, Olatunde OO, Olatunji OJ. Hyperoside attenuates neuroinflammation, cognitive impairment and oxidative stress via suppressing TNF-α/NF-κB/caspase-3 signaling in type 2 diabetes rats. Nutr Neurosci 2021; 25:1774-1784. [PMID: 33722183 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2021.1901047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Literature findings have instituted the role of hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in the pathogenesis of cognitive derangement in diabetes mellitus (DM). Hyperoside (HYP) is a flavanone glycoside reported to possess diverse pharmacological benefits such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The study explored whether HYP could mitigate DM-induced cognitive dysfunction and further elucidate on potential molecular mechanism in rats. METHODS Streptozotocin/high-fat diet-induced diabetic rats were treated orally with HYP (50, 200 and 400 mg/kg/day) for six consecutive weeks. The blood glucose and serum insulin levels, Morris water maze test, intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test, and brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity were determined. The brain expression of inflammatory nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA), lipid profile and caspase-3 activity were estimated. RESULTS DM evoked hyperlipidemia, hypoinsulinemia, cognitive dysfunction by markedly increased AChE and reduction in learning and memory capacity. Brain activities of SOD and CAT, and levels of TAC and GSH were considerably depressed, whereas levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, NF-κB, caspase-3 and MDA were prominently increased. Interestingly, the HYP treatment dose-dependently abrogated the altered cognitive and biochemical parameters. DISCUSSION The results suggested that hyperoside prevents DM-induced cognitive dysfunction, neuroinflammation and oxidative stress via antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic mechanisms in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Chen
- Second Department of Encephalopathy, Xi'an Encephalopathy Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Ademola C Famurewa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Nigeria
| | - Jian Tang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Bozhou University, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Oladipupo Odunayo Olatunde
- International Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand
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Song P, Sun C, Li J, Long T, Yan Y, Qin H, Makinde EA, Famurewa AC, Jaisi A, Nie Y, Olatunji OJ. Tiliacora triandra extract and its major constituent attenuates diabetic kidney and testicular impairment by modulating redox imbalance and pro-inflammatory responses in rats. J Sci Food Agric 2021; 101:1598-1608. [PMID: 32875596 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Literature has demonstrated that diabetes is associated with renal complication and testicular dysfunctions. The current study explored the potential of Tiliacora triandra extract and its major component against diabetic kidney and testicular damages in rats. METHODS Diabetes was induced by high fat diet/streptozotocin (HFD/STZ) and treated orally with Tiliacora triandra extract (TTE, 100 and 400 mg kg-1 body weight) and its major component, 5,7-dihydroxy-6-oxoheptadecanoic acid (DHA, 25 mg kg-1 body weight) for 30 consecutive days. Testicular activities of testicular enzymes, serum levels of testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), sperm parameters and urinalysis for protein and albumin levels were evaluated. Renal and testicular biomarkers of oxidative stress and pro-inflammation were analysed along with histology. RESULTS The experimental diabetes induced significant alterations in the levels and activities of indices evaluated compared to non-diabetic normal rats. The 28-day treatment of diabetic rats with TTE and DHA markedly improved activities of testicular enzymes, restored levels of testosterone, LH and FSH and sperm parameters compared to untreated diabetic rats. TTE and DHA abrogated proteinuria and reversed urine albumin level. Testicular and renal oxidative stress and pro-inflammation were attenuated in diabetic rats treated with TTE and DHA. The diabetes-mediated histopathological damage was alleviated in the kidney and testis. CONCLUSION The protective effect of TTE and DHA against diabetes induced kidney and testicular damages may be related to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Song
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou City, China
| | - Chen Sun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yantai Municipal Government Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Jinbo Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin, China
| | - Tong Long
- Department of Otolaryngology, Haikou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Haikou City, China
| | - Yixin Yan
- Department of Reproductive Centre, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese PLA, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hongping Qin
- Department of Reproductive Centre, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese PLA, Lanzhou, China
| | | | - Ademola C Famurewa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ikwo, Nigeria
| | - Amit Jaisi
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Walailak University, Thasala, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Ying Nie
- Navy Outpatient Department Medicine Clinic of Fengtai Health Centre, Beijing, China
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Cao M, Li Y, Famurewa AC, Olatunji OJ. Antidiabetic and Nephroprotective Effects of Polysaccharide Extract from the Seaweed Caulerpa racemosa in High Fructose-Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Nephropathy. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2021; 14:2121-2131. [PMID: 34012278 PMCID: PMC8126874 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s302748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nephropathy is a frontline complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) associated with impaired redox-inflammatory networks. The study investigated the antidiabetic and nephroprotective potentials of PCR against diabetic nephropathy (DN) in rats. METHODS DN was induced in rats using a combination of a high fructose solution for 4 weeks and an intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (35 mg/kg). Diabetic rats were treated with PCR (100 and 400 mg/kg body weight) for 8 weeks. Serum biochemical parameters as well as renal oxidative stress parameters, proinflammatory cytokines, Western blot and histopathological analyses were evaluated. RESULTS There were significant increases in fasting blood glucose, urinary albumin, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and low-density lipoproteins (LDL-C) levels in diabetic rats compared to the non-diabetic control rats. DM-induced DN prominently depressed renal superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities, whereas renal malondialdehyde (MDA) level was markedly increased. Furthermore, renal inflammatory cytokines, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and TGF-β, were considerably elevated compared to non-diabetic control rats. Additionally, DN rats showed a significant increase in renal fibrosis, as evidenced by increased expression of TGF-β1, collagen-1, fibronectin and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in the kidneys. Histopathological lesions were consistent with tubule thickening and glomerular hypertrophy. Conversely, PCR treatment exerted significant attenuation of hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and renal oxidative stress indicators. The increased renal levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and TGF-β were also notably reversed dose-dependently with alleviation of nephropathic histology. Furthermore, PCR reduced the expression of α-SMA, fibronectin, collagen-1 and TGF-β1 in the renal tissues. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that PCR displayed antidiabetic and nephroprotective effects against DN by impeding oxidative stress and inflammation. As such, PCR has potentials as a food supplement for alleviating renal dysfunction caused by diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Cao
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College, Xinxiang, Henan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College, Xinxiang, Henan Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ademola C Famurewa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Opeyemi Joshua Olatunji
- Faculty of Thai Traditional Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
- Correspondence: Opeyemi Joshua Olatunji Faculty of Thai Traditional Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90110, Thailand Email
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Famurewa AC, Edeogu CO, Offor FI, Besong EE, Akunna GG, Maduagwuna EK. Downregulation of redox imbalance and iNOS/NF-ĸB/caspase-3 signalling with zinc supplementation prevents urotoxicity of cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis in rats. Life Sci 2020; 266:118913. [PMID: 33333050 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AIM Cyclophosphamide (CYP) chemotherapy induces bladder toxicity and hemorrhagic cystitis in cancer patients constituting a current clinical concern. Oxidative inflammatory cascades have been implicated as the mechanism contributing to CYP bladder urotoxicity. We thus assayed to explore whether zinc (Zn) supplementation could mitigate CYP-induced urotoxicity and evaluate the possible underlying mechanism in rats. MAIN METHOD Rats were orally administered Zn (100 mg/kg b.w./day) for 10 days against urotoxicity induced by single injection of CYP (150 mg/kg b.w., ip) on day 7. KEY FINDINGS CYP significantly depressed bladder activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels, whereas malondialdehyde level was increased prominently. In addition, CYP induced marked increases in the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and nitric oxide (NO) confirmed by histological alterations. CYP prominently increased bladder inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activity, nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-ĸB) and expression of caspase-3 protein. Zinc supplementation considerably abrogated the bladder urotoxicity by restoring redox balance, proinflammatory and apoptotic cascades and alleviated histopathological changes. SIGNIFICANCE This is the first to reveal zinc potential to prevent CYP-induced urotoxic hemorrhagic cystitis via restoring redox balance and enhancing anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic mechanisms in rat bladder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ademola C Famurewa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Alex-Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Ebonyi State, Nigeria.
| | - C O Edeogu
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medicine, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Florence I Offor
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Elizabeth E Besong
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medicine, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Gabriel G Akunna
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bowen University, Iwo, Osun State, Nigeria
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Wang L, He Y, Li Y, Pei C, Olatunji OJ, Tang J, Famurewa AC, Wang H, Yan B. Protective Effects of Nucleosides-Rich Extract from Cordyceps cicadae against Cisplatin Induced Testicular Damage. Chem Biodivers 2020; 17:e2000671. [PMID: 33007148 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202000671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin (CISP) is an efficacious anticancer agent used in chemotherapy, however, the constraint to its clinical utility is the stray organ toxicity including testicular damage linked to oxidative and inflammatory cascades. This study aimed to explore the protective effect of nucleosides-rich extract from Cordyceps cicadae (NRCE) against CISP-induced testicular damage in rats. Rats were subjected to prophylactic oral administration of NRCE (50, 100 and 400 mg/kg body weight/day) for 7 days prior to testicular toxicity induced by CISP (10 mg/kg, ip) and were sacrificed after 72 h post-CISP injection. Cisplatin caused significant deficits in sperm count, viability and motility, testosterone and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) compared to normal control. It depressed testicular activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), total antioxidant content (TAC), whereas malondialdehyde (MDA) increased remarkably. CISP considerably increased tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-one beta (IL-1β) with alterations in testis histology compared to normal control. Interestingly, NRCE pretreatment inhibited the CISP-induced alterations in reproductive indices, restored the antioxidant activities in testes as well as inflammatory mediators and histology comparable to control. Our findings demonstrate that NRCE could prevent CISP testicular damage via inhibition of oxidative stress and pro-inflammation in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wang
- Department of Reproductive Center, the 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese PLA, Lanzhou, 730050, P. R. China
| | - Yigang He
- Department of Health Service, the 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of Chinese PLA, Lanzhou, 730050, P. R. China
| | - Yudi Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, P. R. China
| | - Chengbin Pei
- Ningxia Human Sperm Bank, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, P. R. China
| | - Opeyemi Joshua Olatunji
- Faculty of Thai Traditional Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkla, 90110, Thailand
| | - Jian Tang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Bozhou University, Bozhou, 236800, P. R. China
| | - Ademola C Famurewa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, 1010, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Hongyan Wang
- Ningxia Human Sperm Bank, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, P. R. China
| | - Bei Yan
- Ningxia Human Sperm Bank, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, P. R. China
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David EE, Nwobodo V, Famurewa AC, Igwenyi IO, Egedeigwe-Ekeleme CA, Obeten UN, Obasi DO, Ezeilo UR, Emeribole MN. Effect of parboiling on toxic metal content and nutritional composition of three rice varieties locally produced in Nigeria. Scientific African 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2020.e00580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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Famurewa AC, Ekeleme-Egedigwe CA, Onwe CS, Egedigwe UO, Okoro CO, Egedigwe UJ, Asogwa NT. Ginger juice prevents cisplatin-induced oxidative stress, endocrine imbalance and NO/iNOS/NF-κB signalling via modulating testicular redox-inflammatory mechanism in rats. Andrologia 2020; 52:e13786. [PMID: 32777091 DOI: 10.1111/and.13786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The off-target testicular toxicity of the anticancer drug, cisplatin, is a current clinical concern and worrisome to male cancer patients. Growing evidence has implicated oxidative stress and inflammation in cisplatin toxicity. We have explored whether fresh ginger juice could mitigate testicular toxicity induced by anticancer drug cisplatin in rats. Rats were subjected to oral administration of fresh ginger juice (5 ml/kg body weight/day) for 5 days against testicular damage induced by single ip injection of cisplatin (CIS) (10 mg/kg body weight) on day 2 only. Testicular activities of antioxidant enzymes, malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), nitric oxide (NO), inflammatory cytokines, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and nuclear factor-ĸB (NF-ĸB) and serum hormone levels were estimated. CIS-induced prominent decreases in antioxidant enzyme activities, GSH and serum hormone levels, whereas levels of MDA, cytokines, NO, iNOS and NF-ĸB increased remarkably (p < .05) compared to control. Interestingly, the CIS-induced testicular alterations were considerably mitigated by the fresh ginger juice via abrogation of oxidative stress and anti-inflammatory mechanism. The study suggests, for the first time, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of ginger juice against CIS testicular damage. Fresh ginger juice may have beneficial health impact on testicular side effect of CIS chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ademola C Famurewa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Nigeria
| | - Chima A Ekeleme-Egedigwe
- Department of Chemistry/Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Alex-Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Nigeria
| | - Chikodili S Onwe
- Department of Applied Biology, Faculty of Science, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Uchenna O Egedigwe
- Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Chukwuemeka O Okoro
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ebonyi State University, Akakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Ugochukwu J Egedigwe
- Department of Haematology, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria
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Famurewa AC, Akunna GG, Nwafor J, Chukwu OC, Ekeleme-Egedigwe CA, Oluniran JN. Nephroprotective activity of virgin coconut oil on diclofenac-induced oxidative nephrotoxicity is associated with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in rats. Avicenna J Phytomed 2020; 10:316-324. [PMID: 32523886 PMCID: PMC7256280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Diclofenac is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug linked with considerable organ toxicity caused via increased generation of reactive oxygen species. We evaluated whether the antioxidant effect of virgin coconut oil (VCO) could prevent diclofenac-induced oxidative nephrotoxicity in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Randomized rats were pre-supplemented orally with VCO (5 or 10 ml/kg body weight) from day 1 to 24, and injected with normal saline or diclofenac (100 mg/kg) from day 22 to day 24 intraperitoneally. RESULTS Diclofenac significantly (p<0.05) increased serum urea and creatinine levels. Renal tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels markedly (p<0.05) increased, whereas renal glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities considerably (p<0.05) decreased compared to normal control. Histopathological alterations were caused by diclofenac. However, treatment with oral VCO for 21 days prior to diclofenac administration, attenuated histological renal damage, and restored antioxidant enzyme activities and TNF-α levels in kidney. CONCLUSION These findings revealed that VCO has potential benefits to prevent diclofenac-induced nephrotoxic damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ademola C Famurewa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Alex-Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Gabriel G Akunna
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | - Joseph Nwafor
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Alex-Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Onyebuchi C Chukwu
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Alex-Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Chima A Ekeleme-Egedigwe
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Alex-Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Janet N Oluniran
- Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Ebonyi State Agricultural Development Programme, Abakaliki, Nigeria
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Famurewa AC, Ekeleme-Egedigwe CA, David EE, Eleazu CO, Folawiyo AM, Obasi NA. Zinc abrogates anticancer drug tamoxifen-induced hepatotoxicity by suppressing redox imbalance, NO/iNOS/NF-ĸB signaling, and caspase-3-dependent apoptosis in female rats. Toxicol Mech Methods 2020; 30:115-123. [PMID: 31532279 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2019.1669243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Tamoxifen (TAM) is used in breast cancer chemotherapy since its approval by the Food and Drug Administration in 1977. However, TAM therapy is accompanied with hepatotoxicity - a source of worry to clinicians. Oxidative stress and inflammation are the major implicated mechanisms contributing to TAM hepatotoxicity. In this study, we explored whether zinc (Zn) supplementation could prevent TAM-induced hepatotoxicity in female Wistar rats. Rats were subjected to oral pretreatment of Zn (100 mg/kg body weight (b.w.)/day) for 14 days against hepatic toxicity induced by single intraperitoneal administration of TAM (50 mg/kg b.w.) on day 13. TAM markedly elevated serum liver enzymes, whereas total protein and albumin considerably reduced. TAM caused prominent depletion of hepatic-reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity. Also, TAM significantly increased malondialdehyde (MDA) level. Further, it raised liver levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β, (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and nitric oxide (NO) confirmed by the liver histopathological alterations. The mechanistic inflammatory expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-ĸB), and expression of caspase-3 protein prominently increased. Zinc supplementation significantly modulated serum liver function markers, antioxidant enzymes, and GSH and MDA levels. Zinc downregulated the expression of cytokines, NO, iNOS, NF-ĸB and caspase-3, and ameliorated histopathological changes. Zinc protects against TAM-induced hepatotoxicity; it may serve as an adjuvant supplement for female patients undergoing TAM chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ademola C Famurewa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ikwo, Nigeria
- Biochemistry Division, Amala Cancer Research Centre, Amala Institute of Medical Sciences, Thrissur, India
| | - Chima A Ekeleme-Egedigwe
- Department of Chemistry/Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Alex-Ekwueme Federal University, Ikwo, Nigeria
| | - Ebuka E David
- Department of Chemistry/Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Alex-Ekwueme Federal University, Ikwo, Nigeria
| | - Chinedum O Eleazu
- Department of Chemistry/Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Alex-Ekwueme Federal University, Ikwo, Nigeria
- Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Abiola M Folawiyo
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Nwogo A Obasi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ikwo, Nigeria
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Ekeleme-Egedigwe CA, Famurewa AC, David EE, Eleazu CO, Egedigwe UO. Antioxidant potential of garlic oil supplementation prevents cyclophosphamide-induced oxidative testicular damage and endocrine depletion in rats. Journal of Nutrition & Intermediary Metabolism 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnim.2020.100109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Famurewa AC, Maduagwuna EK, Folawiyo AM, Besong EE, Eteudo AN, Famurewa OA, Ejezie FE. Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic effects of virgin coconut oil against antibiotic drug gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity via the suppression of oxidative stress and modulation of iNOS/NF-ĸB/caspase-3 signaling pathway in Wistar rats. J Food Biochem 2019; 44:e13100. [PMID: 31721240 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Gentamicin is an effective antibiotic against severe infections; however, its major side effect is oxidative nephrotoxicity. We explored whether virgin coconut oil (VCO) could mitigate gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity. Rats were fed with VCO-supplemented diet for 16 days against renal toxicity induced by gentamicin (100 mg/kg bw, ip) from Day 11 to 16. Gentamicin caused marked elevated serum urea, uric acid, and creatinine levels, followed by considerable depletion in renal antioxidant enzymes, glutathione (GSH), while the malondialdehyde (MDA) level increased significantly. It significantly increased renal cytokines and nitric oxide (NO) levels, confirmed by renal histopathology. The expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-ĸB), and caspase-3 was prominently increased. VCO-supplemented diet significantly modulated the levels of biochemical indices, downregulated the expression of NO, iNOS, NF-ĸB, caspase-3, cytokines, and alleviated histopathological lesions. VCO protects against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity; thus, it could be a promising dietary supplement for patients undergoing gentamicin treatment. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Gentamicin is an efficacious clinical antibiotic used against severe infections; however, the robust body of evidence indicates that the nephrotoxic side effect constrained its use. Virgin coconut oil (VCO) is an edible oil with growing human consumption and pharmacological effects. Our study has reported herein, for the first time, that VCO diet prevented the nephrotoxicity of gentamicin. Dietary supplementation of this oil could be beneficial in alleviating the nephrotoxic side effect of gentamicin in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ademola C Famurewa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Alex-Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Nigeria.,Biochemistry Division, Amala Cancer Research Centre, Amala Institute of Medical Sciences, Thrissur, India
| | | | - Abiola M Folawiyo
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Elizabeth E Besong
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Albert N Eteudo
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Opeyemi A Famurewa
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Fidelis E Ejezie
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu, Nigeria
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Edeogu CO, Kalu ME, Famurewa AC, Asogwa NT, Onyeji GN, Ikpemo KO. Nephroprotective Effect of Moringa Oleifera Seed Oil on Gentamicin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats: Biochemical Evaluation of Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory, and Antiapoptotic Pathways. J Am Coll Nutr 2019; 39:307-315. [PMID: 31403889 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2019.1649218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Gentamicin is an efficacious aminoglycoside antibiotic widely used to treat life-threatening Gram-negative bacteria infections. However, its specific non-targeted induction of nephrotoxicity is a worrying clinical challenge. The study explored the nephroprotective effect of Moringa oleifera seed oil (MOO) against gentamicin-induced oxidative nephrotoxicity, pro-inflammation, and apoptosis in male Wistar rats.Method: Twenty-four rats divided into 4 groups (n = 6) were administered MOO (5 ml/kg) for 16 days and/or gentamicin (100 mg/kg bw/d, ip) injected from day 11 to day 16. The renal antioxidant enzyme activities reduced glutathione, lipid peroxidation, and serum renal markers. Urea and creatinine levels were estimated. The renal expression of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and nitric oxide (NO) were determined. Renal levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), nuclear factor-ĸB (NF-ĸB), and caspase-3 were determined to detect possible mechanism of inflammation and apoptosis with histology.Results: MOO prominently reduced serum creatinine and urea levels with amelioration of histopathological abrasions induced by gentamicin (GM). It significantly depressed oxidative stress through lowering of renal malondialdehyde (MDA) and elevation of renal superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities, and reduced glutathione (GSH) level. MOO restored renal content of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and NO, coupled with the mechanistic downregulation of NF-ĸB, iNOS, and caspase-3 activities. The histopathological alterations were ameliorated by MOO.Conclusions: MOO possesses marked nephroprotective effect against GM-induced renal damage via modulating oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in Wistar rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- C O Edeogu
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medicine, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Michael E Kalu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Ademola C Famurewa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ikwo, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Nnaemeka T Asogwa
- Central Research and Diagnostic Laboratory, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
| | - Gertrude N Onyeji
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ikwo, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Kelechi O Ikpemo
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ikwo, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
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Famurewa AC, Ugwu-Ejezie CS, Iyare EE, Folawiyo AM, Maduagwuna EK, Ejezie FE. Hepatoprotective effect of polyphenols isolated from virgin coconut oil against sub-chronic cadmium hepatotoxicity in rats is associated with improvement in antioxidant defense system. Drug Chem Toxicol 2019; 44:418-426. [PMID: 31020860 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2019.1598428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a ubiquitous non-essential environmental and industrial toxicant that affects various organs in humans and experimental animals. Robust evidence confirms the contribution of oxidative stress to the pathogenesis of Cd-induced hepatic damage. Potent polyphenols found in virgin coconut oil (VCO) are free radical scavengers that may be beneficial against Cd hepatotoxicity. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the possible protective effect of polyphenols isolated from VCO on Cd-induced hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress in rats. Rats were pretreated with polyphenols isolated from VCO (10, 20, and 50 mg/kg, orally) 2 weeks prior to concurrent Cd administration (5 mg/kg, orally) for 5 weeks. Subsequently, liver damage, hepatic oxidative stress, and histopathological alterations were evaluated. In vitro antioxidant assays (DPPH and FRAP) were carried out on VCO polyphenols. Cadmium induced liver damage demonstrated by significant alterations in serum markers of liver damage, as well as pronounced decrease in albumin and total protein compared to control. Further, Cd remarkably depressed hepatic activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione (GSH) content. Hepatic lipid peroxidation was markedly increased as highlighted by malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Sub-chronic administration of VCO polyphenols to Cd-treated rats produced a significant hepatoprotective effect and restored hepatic oxidative stress markers comparable to control. The prominent improvement in histopathology of rat liver confirmed the biochemical findings. The findings suggest potential beneficial effect of VCO polyphenols on Cd-induced hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress in rats; the mechanism underlying this action is associated with improvement in antioxidant defense system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ademola C Famurewa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ikwo, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Chioma S Ugwu-Ejezie
- Department of Haematology/Immunology, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - Eghosa E Iyare
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - Abiola M Folawiyo
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Ekenechukwu K Maduagwuna
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Fidelis E Ejezie
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Enugu, Enugu State, Nigeria
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Famurewa AC, Aja PM, Nwankwo OE, Awoke JN, Maduagwuna EK, Aloke C. Moringa oleifera seed oil or virgin coconut oil supplementation abrogates cerebral neurotoxicity induced by antineoplastic agent methotrexate by suppression of oxidative stress and neuro-inflammation in rats. J Food Biochem 2018; 43:e12748. [PMID: 31353570 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX) is an effective antineoplastic drug associated with wide organ toxicity. Accumulating evidence implicates oxidative stress to be a leading underlying mechanism of MTX-induced neurotoxicity. The study explores antioxidant potential of virgin coconut oil (VCO) or Moringa oleifera seed oil (MOO) in MTX-induced oxidative stress-mediated cerebral neurotoxicity and inflammation in rats. Rats treated with VCO or MOO (5 ml/kg bw) for 17 days were administered MTX (20 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) on day 14 only. Cerebral activities of acetylcholinesterase, antioxidant enzymes, lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione and nitric oxide levels as well as cytokines were evaluated. MTX-induced neurotoxic alterations were significantly abrogated by MOO and VCO supplementation via inhibition of cholinesterase, oxidative stress, and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. VCO and MOO showed comparable antioxidant potentials with the standards in DPPH and FRAP assays. VCO and MOO are promising natural oils for modulating MTX neurotoxicity in cancer patients. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Methotrexate chemotherapy induces neurotoxicity in cancer patients, and this is a source of worry for clinicians. This study reports, for the first time, the beneficial health effects of functional food oils, Moringa oleifera seed oil, and virgin coconut oil against anticancer drug methotrexate-induced cerebral neurotoxicity. Supplementation of these natural oils may be beneficial in the prevention of cerebral neurotoxic side effect in cancer patients undergoing methotrexate chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ademola C Famurewa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Alex-Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Nigeria
| | - Patrick M Aja
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Onyebuchi E Nwankwo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Joshua N Awoke
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | | | - Chinyere Aloke
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Alex-Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Nigeria
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Famurewa AC, Ejezie AJ, Ugwu-Ejezie CS, Ikekpeazu EJ, Ejezie FE. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms of polyphenols isolated from virgin coconut oil attenuate cadmium-induced oxidative stress-mediated nephrotoxicity and inflammation in rats. J Appl Biomed 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Famurewa AC, Folawiyo AM, Enohnyaket EB, Azubuike-Osu SO, Abi I, Obaje SG, Famurewa OA. Beneficial role of virgin coconut oil supplementation against acute methotrexate chemotherapy-induced oxidative toxicity and inflammation in rats. Integr Med Res 2018; 7:257-263. [PMID: 30271714 PMCID: PMC6160495 DOI: 10.1016/j.imr.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Methotrexate (MTX) is a commonly used antineoplastic and anti-rheumatoid agent whose efficacy is limited by marked organ toxicities associated with oxidative stress. The study investigated beneficial effect of virgin coconut oil (VCO) supplementation on MTX-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in rats. Methods Rats were divided into 4 groups (n = 6): Control, MTX (20 mg/kg bw), VCO (5%) + MTX and VCO (15%) + MTX. The pre-treatment with VCO for 14 days was followed by single intraperitoneal injection of MTX and the rats were sacrificed after 3 days. Serum activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were determined. Interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP) and nitric oxide (NO) levels were also evaluated. Results MTX induced a distinct diminution in serum activities of oxidative stress markers (SOD, CAT, GPx and GSH), while lipid peroxidation considerably increased demonstrated by MDA level. Similarly, levels of IL-6, CRP and NO increased prominently in MTX control rats. The VCO supplementation markedly enhanced resistance to the MTX-induced biochemical alterations in rats. Conclusion VCO can be a useful adjuvant natural product in MTX chemotherapy by reducing oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ademola C Famurewa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Abiola M Folawiyo
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Elizabeth B Enohnyaket
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Sharon O Azubuike-Osu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Innocent Abi
- Department of Physiology, College of Health Sciences, Benue State University, Makurdi, Nigeria
| | - Sunday G Obaje
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Opeyemi A Famurewa
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
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Famurewa AC, Folawiyo AM, Epete MA, Igwe EC, Okike PI, Maduagwuna EK. Abrogation of Hepatic Damage Induced by Anticancer Drug Methotrexate by Zobo (Hibiscus sabdariffaextract) Supplementation via Targeting Oxidative Hepatotoxicity in Rats. J Diet Suppl 2018; 16:318-330. [DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2018.1456502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ademola C. Famurewa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Abiola M. Folawiyo
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Michael A. Epete
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Emeka C. Igwe
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Paul I. Okike
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Ekenechukwu K. Maduagwuna
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
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Famurewa AC, Nwankwo OE, Folawiyo AM, Igwe EC, Epete MA, Ufebe OG. Repeatedly heated palm kernel oil induces hyperlipidemia, atherogenic indices and hepatorenal toxicity in rats: Beneficial role of virgin coconut oil supplementation [pdf]. Acta Sci Pol Technol Aliment 2017. [DOI: 10.17306/j.afs.2017.0513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Famurewa AC, Aja PM, Maduagwuna EK, Ekeleme-Egedigwe CA, Ufebe OG, Azubuike-Osu SO. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of virgin coconut oil supplementation abrogate acute chemotherapy oxidative nephrotoxicity induced by anticancer drug methotrexate in rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 96:905-911. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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Famurewa AC, Nwankwo OE, Folawiyo AM, Igwe EC, Epete MA, Ufebe OG. Repeatedly heated palm kernel oil induces hyperlipidemia, atherogenic indices and hepatorenal toxicity in rats: Beneficial role of virgin coconut oil supplementation. Acta Sci Pol Technol Aliment 2017; 16:451-460. [PMID: 29241324 DOI: 10.17306/j.afs.0513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The literature reports that the health benefits of vegetable oil can be deteriorated by repeated heating, which leads to lipid oxidation and the formation of free radicals. Virgin coconut oil (VCO) is emerging as a functional food oil and its health benefits are attributed to its potent polyphenolic compounds. We investigated the beneficial effect of VCO supplementation on lipid profile, liver and kidney markers in rats fed repeatedly heated palm kernel oil (HPO). METHODS Rats were divided into four groups (n = 5). The control group rats were fed with a normal diet; group 2 rats were fed a 10% VCO supplemented diet; group 3 administered 10 ml HPO/kg b.w. orally; group 4 were fed 10% VCO + 10 ml HPO/kg for 28 days. Subsequently, serum markers of liver damage (ALT, AST, ALP and albumin), kidney damage (urea, creatinine and uric acid), lipid profile and lipid ratios as cardiovascular risk indices were evaluated. RESULTS HPO induced a significant increase in serum markers of liver and kidney damage as well as con- comitant lipid abnormalities and a marked reduction in serum HDL-C. The lipid ratios evaluated for atherogenic and coronary risk indices in rats administered HPO only were remarkably higher than control. It was observed that VCO supplementation attenuated the biochemical alterations, including the indices of cardiovascular risks. CONCLUSIONS VCO supplementation demonstrates beneficial health effects against HPO-induced biochemical alterations in rats. VCO may serve to modulate the adverse effects associated with consumption of repeatedly heated palm kernel oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ademola C Famurewa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Federal University Ndufu-Alike Ikwo Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Onyebuchi E Nwankwo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ebonyi State University Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Abiola M Folawiyo
- Department of Physiology, Ebonyi State University Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Emeka C Igwe
- Department of Anatomy, Ebonyi State University Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Michael A Epete
- Department of Anatomy, Ebonyi State University Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - Odomero G Ufebe
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Federal University Ndufu-Alike Ikwo Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
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Famurewa AC, Ekeleme-Egedigwe CA, Nwali SC, Agbo NN, Obi JN, Ezechukwu GC. Dietary Supplementation with Virgin Coconut Oil Improves Lipid Profile and Hepatic Antioxidant Status and Has Potential Benefits on Cardiovascular Risk Indices in Normal Rats. J Diet Suppl 2017; 15:330-342. [DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2017.1346031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ademola C. Famurewa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Chima A. Ekeleme-Egedigwe
- Department of Chemistry/Biochemistry/Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Sophia C. Nwali
- Department of Chemistry/Biochemistry/Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Ngozi N. Agbo
- Department of Chemistry/Biochemistry/Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Joy N. Obi
- Department of Chemistry/Biochemistry/Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
| | - Goodness C. Ezechukwu
- Department of Chemistry/Biochemistry/Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
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Famurewa AC, Ugwuja EI. Association of Blood and Seminal Plasma Cadmium and Lead Levels With Semen Quality in Non-Occupationally Exposed Infertile Men in Abakaliki, South East Nigeria. J Family Reprod Health 2017; 11:97-103. [PMID: 29282417 PMCID: PMC5742670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate association of blood and seminal plasma lead and cadmium with sperm quality of non-occupationally exposed male partners of couples with infertility. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 75 men aged 20-45 years (mean = 37.1 ± 7.0 yrs.) with infertility recruited from the Fertility Clinic of a hospital in Abakaliki. Sperm count done in accordance with the WHO guidelines was used to classify the participants as normospamia, oligospermia and azospermia. Atomic absorption spectrophotometer was used to determine lead and cadmium levels in plasma from blood and semen. Results: There were 15 azospermics, 22 oligospermics and 36 normospermics. Seminal and blood plasma cadmium as well as blood plasma lead were significantly (p < 0.01) higher in azospermic and oligospermic men compared to normospermic men. However, while seminal plasma lead was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in oligospermic and normospernic men than in azospermic men, the seminal plasma lead was comparable between oligospermic and normospermic men. Significant inverse associations (p < 0.01) were found between blood and seminal cadmium levels and sperm count, motility and morphology; blood lead was inversely correlated with sperm count only. Conclusion: The study suggests that environmental exposure to cadmium and lead may contribute to development of poor sperm quality and infertility in men of reproductive age in Nigeria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ademola C. Famurewa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Federal University, Ndufu-Alike, Ikwo, Ebonyi State, Nigeria
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Ugwuja EI, Famurewa AC, Ikaraoha CI. Comparison of Serum Calcium and Magnesium Between Preeclamptic and Normotensive Pregnant Nigerian Women in Abakaliki, Nigeria. Ann Med Health Sci Res 2016; 6:33-7. [PMID: 27144074 PMCID: PMC4849113 DOI: 10.4103/2141-9248.180269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Evidence suggests the involvement of calcium and magnesium metabolism in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia. However, findings from studies are heterogenous and inconsistent. Aim: The study aimed to compare the total serum calcium and magnesium levels in preeclamptic women with that of normotensive pregnant women. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional subjects of eighty pregnant women living in Abakaliki, Ebonyi state, South-East Nigeria, were recruited into the study. The present study compared serum calcium and magnesium in forty preeclamptic (cases) and forty normotensive (control) pregnant women matched for age, parity, and socioeconomic status. Serum calcium and magnesium levels were measured using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS Version 20 statistical software. Differences between means were compared using Student's t-test with P < 0.05 considered as statistically significant. Results: While the mean serum calcium was comparable between preeclamptic and normotensive pregnant women (13.99 [3.29] vs. 14.02 [5.68] μg/dl), the preeclamptic pregnant women have significantly (P < 0.001) lower serum magnesium in comparison to their normotensive counterparts (3.22 [1.05] vs. 4.15 [0.78]). Conclusion: It may be concluded that serum magnesium seems to play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia in this environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- E I Ugwuja
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Clinical Medicine, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Ebonyi, Nigeria
| | - A C Famurewa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Federal University Ndufu-Alike Ikwo, Abakaliki, Ebonyi, Nigeria
| | - C I Ikaraoha
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Clinical Medicine, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Ebonyi, Nigeria
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Famurewa AC, Showunmi FA, Folawiyo AM, Ogbu PN, Epete MA, Igwe EC. Hepatotoxic and Nephrotoxic Potentials of Aqueous Extract of Stem-Bark of Cashew Tree (<i>Anacardium occidentale</i> L) in Rats. Toxicol Int 2015. [DOI: 10.22506/ti/2015/v22/i3/137634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Famurewa AC, Kanu SC, Ogugua VN, Nweke ML. Protective Effect of Pretreatment of Rats with Calyx Extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa against Carbon Tetrachloride-induced Hematotoxicity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.3923/jbs.2015.138.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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