1
|
Mondal R, Pal P, Biswas S, Chattopadhyay A, Bandyopadhyay A, Mukhopadhyay A, Mukhopadhyay PK. Attenuation of sodium arsenite mediated ovarian DNA damage, follicular atresia, and oxidative injury by combined application of vitamin E and C in post pubertal Wistar rats. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2023; 396:2701-2720. [PMID: 37129605 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02491-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic being a toxic metalloid ubiquitously persists in environment and causes several health complications including female reproductive anomalies. Epidemiological studies documented birth anomalies due to arsenic exposure. Augmented reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and quenched antioxidant pool are foremost consequences of arsenic threat. On the contrary, Vitamin E (VE) and C (VC) are persuasive antioxidants and conventionally used in toxicity management. Present study was designed to explore the extent of efficacy of combined VE and VC (VEC) against Sodium arsenite (NaAsO2) mediated ovarian damage. Thirty-six female Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups (Grs) and treated for consecutive 30 days; Gr I (control) was vehicle fed, Gr II (treated) was gavaged with NaAsO2 (3 mg/kg/day), Gr III (supplement) was provided with VE (400 mg/kg/day) & VC (200 mg/kg/day) along with NaAsO2. Marked histological alterations were evidenced by disorganization in oocyte, granulosa cells and zona pellucida layers in treated group. Considerable reduction of different growing follicles along with increased atretic follicles was noted in treated group. Altered activities ofΔ5 3β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and 17β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase accompanied by reduced luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone and estradiol levels were observed in treated animals. Irregular estrous cyclicity pattern was also observed due to NaAsO2 threat. Surplus ROS production affected ovarian antioxidant strata as evidenced by altered oxidative stress markers. Provoked oxidative strain further affects DNA status of ovary. However, supplementation with VEC caused notable restoration from such disparaging effects of NaAsO2 toxicities. Antioxidant and antiapoptotic attributes of those vitamins might be liable for such restoration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rubia Mondal
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, India
| | - Priyankar Pal
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, India
| | - Sagnik Biswas
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, India
| | - Alok Chattopadhyay
- Department of Physiology, Harimohan Ghose College, Affiliated to University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | - Amit Bandyopadhyay
- Sports and Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Physiology, University Colleges of Science & Technology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Daskou M, Sharma M, Mu W, Heymans R, Ritou E, Rezek V, Hamid P, Kossyvakis A, Sen Roy S, Grijalva V, Chattopadhyay A, Papesh J, Meriwether D, Kitchen SG, Fogelman AM, Reddy ST, Kelesidis T. ApoA-I mimetics favorably impact cyclooxygenase 2 and bioactive lipids that may contribute to cardiometabolic syndrome in chronic treated HIV. Metabolism 2021; 124:154888. [PMID: 34509494 PMCID: PMC8802211 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2021.154888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We investigated whether apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) mimetic peptides 4F and 6F can be a novel therapeutic strategy to reduce blood and gut bioactive lipids, proinflammatory effects of endotoxin (LPS) and aberrant activation of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) as instigators of increased risk for cardiometabolic disease in chronic treated HIV. METHODS We used two humanized murine models of chronic treated HIV infection (n = 109 mice) and gut explants from HIV infected (n = 10) persons to determine whether Tg6F and 4F attenuate in vivo and ex vivo increased blood and gut bioactive lipids (measured by mass spectrometry) and intestinal protein levels of COX-2 (measured by immunoassays) in chronic treated HIV. RESULTS In these models of HIV, when compared to HIV-1 infected mice on antiretroviral therapy (ART) alone, oral Tg6F in combination with ART attenuated increases in plasma and gut bioactive lipids (and particularly COX lipids) and intestinal COX-2. 4F and Tg6F also reduced ex vivo production of COX-2 protein and associated secretion of bioactive lipids in gut explants from HIV-1 infected persons treated with LPS. CONCLUSION ApoA-I mimetics favorably impact the proinflammatory effects of LPS, COX-2 and production of bioactive lipids that collectively drive gut and systemic inflammation in chronic treated HIV. Given prior experimental evidence that the proinflammatory effects of LPS, COX-2 and gut dysfunction contribute to cardiometabolic syndrome in chronic HIV, apoA-I mimetic peptides may be a novel therapy to treat cardiometabolic syndrome in chronic HIV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Daskou
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - M Sharma
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - W Mu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - R Heymans
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - E Ritou
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - V Rezek
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - P Hamid
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - A Kossyvakis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - S Sen Roy
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - V Grijalva
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - A Chattopadhyay
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - J Papesh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - D Meriwether
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - S G Kitchen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - A M Fogelman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - S T Reddy
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Molecular Toxicology Interdepartmental Degree Program, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - T Kelesidis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chattopadhyay A, Samanta J, Sharma SK, Jain S. Classical hand radiology of Gout, Osteoarthritis and Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis (DISH). QJM 2021; 114:336-337. [PMID: 32871011 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcaa263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Chattopadhyay
- Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - J Samanta
- Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - S K Sharma
- Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - S Jain
- Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Samanta J, Naidu G, Chattopadhyay A, Basnet A, Narang T, Dogra S, Sharma A. AB0545 COMPARISON BETWEEN METHOTREXATE AND APREMILAST IN PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS-A SINGLE BLINDED RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (APREMEPsA STUDY). Ann Rheum Dis 2021. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.1850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background:Both methotrexate and apremilast were found to be effective in controlling joint disease in psoriatic arthritis (PsA) patients [1-4]. However, there are no head-to-head trials comparing the efficacy of these two drugs in PsA.Objectives:Primary outcome measure was rate of major cDAPSA response (>85% change in cDAPSA score from baseline) at week 24 and secondary outcome measures were ACR 20 response, change in Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI), Maastricht enthesitis score, Leeds dactylitis index, and health assessment questionnaire-disability index (HAQ-DI) and number of adverse events at week 24 between methotrexate and apremilast groups.Methods:Single blinded (physician), parallel group, randomized controlled trial was conducted at a single centre in India between October 2019 and December 2020. Adult PsA patients (age>18 years), fulfilling CASPAR criteria, not receiving methotrexate/apremilast in last 3 months and never receiving bDMARDs or, JAK inhibitors, having active articular disease (one or more swollen joint or, having one or more tender entheseal point) were recruited in this study.Results:A total of 31 patients were recruited (15 in apremilast arm and 16 in methotrexate arm) amongst whom 26 patients completed 24 weeks follow up (13 patients in apremilast arm and 13 patients in methotrexate arm). At baseline, median (IQR) swollen joints were 2 (1) in apremilast group and 2.5 (4) in methotrexate group. Median cDAPSA score at baseline was 23 (9) in apremilast group and 20 (21) in methotrexate group. Major cDAPSA response at week 24 was achieved in three (20%) subjects in apremilast arm and six (37.5%) subjects in methotrexate arm (p=0.433). Seven (46.67%) subjects in apremilast group and nine (56.25%) subjects in methotrexate group achieved ACR 20 response at 24-weeks (p=0.724). The change of PASI score from baseline was significant in apremilast group (2.0, p=0.003) and methotrexate group (0.35, p=0.003), but when compared between the two groups, there was no significant difference(p=0.378). Change in enthesitis score was not significant in both the groups (0.0 in apremilast group, p=0.285; 0.0 in methotrexate group, p=1.0). The median change in dactylitis score [0.0 (9.1), p=0.028] and HAQ-DI score (0.33, p=0.01) were significant in methotrexate group only. However, when compared to the change in apremilast group, the difference was not significant for both the parameters. A total of 9 minor adverse events, 3 with apremilast and 6 with methotrexate, were observed with transaminitis (number of events) being the commonest event noted with methotrexate. There were no serious adverse events noted in either of the groups.Conclusion:There was no significant difference between methotrexate and apremilast in terms of efficacy as measured by cDAPSA and ACR20 responses. Both the drugs were well tolerated by the study population. A larger study with head-to-head comparison between methotrexate and apremilast is needed to conform these findings.References:[1]Baranauskaite A, Raffayová H, Kungurov NV, et al; RESPOND investigators. Infliximab plus methotrexate is superior to methotrexate alone in the treatment of psoriatic arthritis in methotrexate-naive patients: the RESPOND study Ann Rheum Dis. 2012;71:541-8.[2]Mease PJ, Gladman DD, Collier DH, et al. Etanercept and Methotrexate as Monotherapy or in Combination for Psoriatic Arthritis: Primary Results From a Randomized, Controlled Phase III Trial. Arthritis Rheumatol 2019;71:1112-24.[3]Gladman DD, Kavanaugh A, Gómez-Reino JJ, et al. Therapeutic benefit of apremilast on enthesitis and dactylitis in patients with psoriatic arthritis: a pooled analysis of the PALACE 1-3 studies. RMD Open. 2018;4(1):e000669.[4]Wells AF, Edwards CJ, Kivitz AJ, et al. Apremilast monotherapy in DMARD-naive psoriatic arthritis patients: results of the randomized, placebo-controlled PALACE 4 trial. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2018;57:1253-63.Disclosure of Interests:None declared.
Collapse
|
5
|
Kashinath K, Mustafa M, Albert A, Wu JL, Jiang C, Esmaeilzadeh S, Azizzadenesheli K, Wang R, Chattopadhyay A, Singh A, Manepalli A, Chirila D, Yu R, Walters R, White B, Xiao H, Tchelepi HA, Marcus P, Anandkumar A, Hassanzadeh P. Physics-informed machine learning: case studies for weather and climate modelling. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci 2021; 379:20200093. [PMID: 33583262 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2020.0093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Machine learning (ML) provides novel and powerful ways of accurately and efficiently recognizing complex patterns, emulating nonlinear dynamics, and predicting the spatio-temporal evolution of weather and climate processes. Off-the-shelf ML models, however, do not necessarily obey the fundamental governing laws of physical systems, nor do they generalize well to scenarios on which they have not been trained. We survey systematic approaches to incorporating physics and domain knowledge into ML models and distill these approaches into broad categories. Through 10 case studies, we show how these approaches have been used successfully for emulating, downscaling, and forecasting weather and climate processes. The accomplishments of these studies include greater physical consistency, reduced training time, improved data efficiency, and better generalization. Finally, we synthesize the lessons learned and identify scientific, diagnostic, computational, and resource challenges for developing truly robust and reliable physics-informed ML models for weather and climate processes. This article is part of the theme issue 'Machine learning for weather and climate modelling'.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Kashinath
- NERSC - Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - M Mustafa
- NERSC - Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - A Albert
- NERSC - Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Terrafuse Inc., Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - J-L Wu
- NERSC - Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Caltech, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - C Jiang
- NERSC - Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, CA, USA
- University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | | | | | - R Wang
- NERSC - Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, CA, USA
- UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - A Chattopadhyay
- NERSC - Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - A Singh
- NERSC - Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Terrafuse Inc., Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - A Manepalli
- NERSC - Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Terrafuse Inc., Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - D Chirila
- Alfred Wegener Institute, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - R Yu
- UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - R Walters
- Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - B White
- Terrafuse Inc., Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - H Xiao
- Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | | | - P Marcus
- University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - A Anandkumar
- Caltech, Pasadena, CA, USA
- NVIDIA, Santa Clara, California, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Banerjee A, Maji BK, Chattopadhyay A. Terminalia arjuna induced testicular assault through Leydig cell derangement: an in vitro approach. J Complement Integr Med 2021; 18:627-631. [PMID: 33544551 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2020-0300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Terminalia arjuna (TA) has been widely used as folk medicine since ancient times. Apart from its therapeutic properties it also has anti-spermatogenic activity, but its effectiveness and mode of action on male gonadal activity remains to be revealed. METHODS TA bark extract was dissolved in 1% dimethyl sulfoxide and applied in primary Leydig cell culture from rat testis in dose dependent manner. After 24 h of treatment cellular toxicity marker, cytokines, steroid 5-alpha-reductase 1 (SRD5A1) and androgen receptor (AR) were measured. RESULTS Present study first proposed the cytotoxic impacts of TA on Leydig cells via leakage of lactate dehydrogenase and inflammatory responses by altering the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in dose-dependent-manner. Furthermore, down regulation of SRD5A1 and AR indicated inhibition of normal steroidogenesis which well corroborated with cytotoxity and inflammation related parameters to promote damage of Leydig cell function. Nevertheless, it can be speculated that the inhibition of normal steroidogenesis and thereby spermatogenesis induced by TA is possibly due to the presence of β-sitosterol. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, the dose and duration of treatment should be carefully monitored in cases of its medicinal uses and longer duration should be avoided to protect reproductive health and fertility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arnab Banerjee
- Department of Physiology (UG & PG), Serampore College, Serampore, West Bengal, India
| | - Bithin Kumar Maji
- Department of Physiology (UG & PG), Serampore College, Serampore, West Bengal, India
| | - Alok Chattopadhyay
- Department of Physiology, Harimohan Ghose College (affiliated to University of Calcutta), J206, Paharpur Road, Garden Reach, Kolkata 700024, West Bengal, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Basu A, Philip EJ, Dewitt B, Hanmer J, Chattopadhyay A, Yau C, Melisko ME, Esserman LJ. The quality of life index: a pilot study integrating treatment efficacy and quality of life in oncology. NPJ Breast Cancer 2020; 6:52. [PMID: 33083531 PMCID: PMC7560724 DOI: 10.1038/s41523-020-00193-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of women diagnosed with breast cancer will experience some form of drug-related toxicity and subsequent impairments in Health-related Quality of Life (HRQoL). Despite this, HRQoL is assessed inconsistently and there is no validated method to integrate HRQoL data into the assessment of therapeutic agents. This proof of concept study utilizes data from the neoadjuvant I-SPY 2 clinical trial to describe the development of the Quality of Life Index (QoLI) measure. The QoLI represents a single composite score that incorporates validated longitudinal measures of clinical efficacy and QoL and one that permits a more comprehensive, direct comparison of individual therapeutic agents. Preliminary data suggest the QoLI is able to distinguish between agents based on their efficacy and toxicity; with further validation, the QoLI has the potential to provide more patient-centered evaluations in clinical trials and help guide treatment decision making in breast cancer and other oncologic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Basu
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94115 USA
| | - E J Philip
- School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94115 USA
| | - B Dewitt
- Department of Engineering & Public Policy, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - J Hanmer
- Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - A Chattopadhyay
- School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94115 USA
| | - C Yau
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94115 USA
| | - M E Melisko
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94115 USA
| | - L J Esserman
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94115 USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Dhillon PS, Chattopadhyay A, Dineen RA, Lenthall R. Hemorrhagic Neurologic Manifestations in COVID-19: An Isolated or Multifactorial Cause? AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2020; 41:E89-E90. [PMID: 33033044 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a6795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P S Dhillon
- Neuroradiology Department Queen's Medical CentreNottingham University Hospitals National Health Service TrustNottingham, UK.,Radiological Sciences, Division of Clinical NeuroscienceUniversity of NottinghamNottingham, UK
| | - A Chattopadhyay
- Neuroradiology DepartmentQueen's Medical CentreNottingham University Hospitals National Health Service TrustNottingham, UK
| | - R A Dineen
- Radiological Sciences, Division of Clinical NeuroscienceUniversity of NottinghamNottingham, UK.,National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research CentreNottingham, UK
| | - R Lenthall
- Neuroradiology DepartmentQueen's Medical CentreNottingham University Hospitals National Health ServiceTrustNottingham, UK
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Samanta J, Chattopadhyay A, Sharma A. Psoriatic arthritis mutilans. QJM 2020; 113:765-766. [PMID: 32073635 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcaa029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J Samanta
- Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, Punjab, India
| | - A Chattopadhyay
- Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, Punjab, India
| | - A Sharma
- Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, Punjab, India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chattopadhyay A, Singhal M, Debi U, Sharma A, Jain S. THU0299 MYOCARDIAL INVOLVEMENT IN TAKAYASU ARTERITIS PATIENTS ASSESSED BY MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING AND ITS RELATION WITH DISEASE ACTIVITY. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.2073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background:Cardiac involvement in Takayasu arteritis(TA) is the major cause of morbidity and mortality. [1] Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is an excellent modality for the assessment of myocardial involvement. Studies have shown subclinical myocardial scarring in 25-27% of patients.[2,3] There is no such study from India.Objectives:To evaluate the prevalence of myocardial involvement in TA, as detected by CMR and its correlation with disease activity score (ITAS 2010 and ITAS-A).Methods:Patients classified as Takayasu arteritis according to Sharma et al. criteria [4] were included after an informed consent. Demographic, clinical, laboratory data were documented in the predesigned proforma. CMR was done on a dedicated CMR machine. Disease activity was recorded by ITAS2010 and ITAS-A.[5] Ethical clearance has been obtained from the ethics committee of the institute (INT/IEC/2018/001538).Results:In the present study, 37 TA patients were included. Mean(±SD) age was 29 ±11 years. Female to male ratio was 3:1. The most frequent presenting symptom was upper limb claudication (49%), and vessel involved was left subclavian and descending thoracic aorta(75% each). Of the total cohort, 65% had hypertension, 35% had dyslipidemia and 19% had valvular involvement. Five patients (14%) had myocardial involvement as detected by CMR. Three (8%) patients had late gadolinium enhancement(LGE) on CMR suggestive of myocardial fibrosis. In the current study, both the CMR and echocardiography performed equally in detecting various valvular heart disease, whereas only CMR had detected subclinical myocardial fibrosis in two patients. Details of different risk factors and relation with disease activity provided in table 1.Conclusion:To the best of our knowledge, this is the largest cohort on CMR in TA. Prevalence of subclinical myocardial involvement in Indian patients was much less(8% vs 25-27%) compared to the previous studies. The higher percentage of LGE detected by the earlier studies may be a reflection of cumulative damage with increasing age, prolonged hypertension, and disease duration. Myocardial involvement trend towards early age of onset, less disease duration, lack of classical risk factors, and more with disease activity. Judicious use of CMR may help in detecting subclinical myocardial involvement.Table 1.Relation of different risk factors with myocardial heart disease.ParametersMHD - (n=32)MHD + (n=5)pDisease duration>5 yr13(41)2(40)0.98Age at onset<18 yr7(22)3(60)0.07BMI>23kg/m219(59)1(20)0.1Hb<12gm/dl16(50)2(40)0.68Platelets>450x 109/L4(13)0(0)0.40ESR>20 mm in 1sthour28(88)4(80)0.65CRP>10 mg/dl16(50)4(80)0.21Cholesterol>200 mg/dl10(31)1(20)0.61LDL>130 mg/dl9(28)0(0)0.17BNP>125 pg/ml11(34)3(60)0.27ITAS2010-Active17(53)3(60)0.77ITAS-A-Active11(34)3(60)0.27[MHD: myocardial heart disease]References:[1]Cong XL, Dai SM, Feng X et al. Takayasu’s arteritis: clinical features and out- comes of 125 patients in China. Clin Rheumatol 2010;29:973–81.[2]Keenan NG, Mason JC, Maceira A et al. Integrated cardiac and vascular assessment in Takayasu arteritis by cardiovascular magnetic resonance. Arthritis Rheum. 2009;60:3501-9.[3]Comarmond C, Cluzel P, Toledano D et. al. Findings of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in asymptomatic myocardial ischemic disease in Takayasu arteritis. Am J Cardiol. 2014;113:881-7.[4]Sharma BK, Jain S, Suri S et al. Diagnostic criteria for Takayasu Arteritis. Int J Cardiol 1996;54: S141-7.[5]Misra R, Danda D, Rajappa SM, et al. Development and initial validation of the Indian Takayasu Clinical Activity Score (ITAS2010). Rheumatology 2013;52:1795-801.Disclosure of Interests:None declared
Collapse
|
11
|
Acharya N, Jha S, Mishra D, Chattopadhyay A, Jain S, Sharma SK, Sharma A, Jain S, Dhir V. AB0395 SYSTEMIC LUPUS ASSOCIATED MACROPHAGE ACTIVATION SYNDROME – A SINGLE CENTRE EXPERIENCE FROM INDIA. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.5703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Background:Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) is a potentially fatal complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).(1) Overlapping clinical features of SLE activity with MA makes it a clinical diagnosis. There is limited data from developing countries like India.Objectives:To study the clinical features, treatment, and outcomes in SLE-MAS.Methods:This single-centre, retrospective study included patients fulfilling SLICC 2011 criteria for SLE, admitted from January 2017 to November 2019, and diagnosed as MAS by a team of attending physicians. Their demographic and clinical data, treatment, and outcomes were recorded. H score and SLEDAI were calculated. Patients were assessed for HLH classification criteria (2004) and preliminary diagnostic criteria for MAS in childhood SLE (cSLE).Results:Sixteen patients (median age – 26 years, 15 females) were included. Twelve patients (75%) had MAS as the initial presentation of SLE. The common clinical features were fever (100%) and cytopenias (100%). The mean duration of symptoms was 60 days. The most frequent biochemical abnormalities were high ferritin (>500 ng/ml, 100%) and elevated transaminases (100%, aspartate transaminase > alanine transaminase). Common complications were renal (43.8%), neurological (43.8%), and coagulopathy (43.8%). Seven and 16 patients fulfilled the HLH 2004 and cSLE – MAS preliminary criteria, respectively. The median H score was 222, giving a cumulative probability of 96%. All the patients received high-dose steroids. Cyclophosphamide pulse and cyclosporine were administered to 8 (50%) and 6 (37.5%) patients respectively. There were four (25%) in-hospital mortalities.CharacteristicN=16Age (years)26 (19.5 – 30)Duration of symptoms (days)60 (18.7 – 90)Fever16 (100)Pancreatitis1 (6.3)Renal7 (43.8)Neurological7 (43.8)Myocarditis6 (37.5)Hepatomegaly7 (43.8)Splenomegaly3 (18.8)Lymphadenopathy12 (75)Anaemia16 (100)Leukopenia13 (82)Thrombocytopenia14 (88.2)Coagulopathy7 (43.8)Concomitant infection3 (18.8)H score222 (193 – 254)cSLE-MAS diagnostic criteria16 (100%)HLH 2004 (≥5)7 (43.8)Corticosteroids16 (100%)Cyclophosphamide8 (50%)Intravenous immunoglobulin2 (12.5%)Cyclosporine6 (37.5%)Death4 (25%)All data presented as n (%) and median (IQR)cSLE-MAS – Childhood systemic lupus erythematosus – Macrophage activation syndrome, HLH – Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosisParameterN = 16Haemoglobin (g/dL)6.9 (5.7 – 7.8)Total leucocyte count (cells/mm3)1400 (1025 -3175)<10003 (18.8)1000 – 25009 (56.3)2500 - 40001 (6.3)Platelet (cells/mm3)57500 (23500 – 95250)<200003 (18.8)20000 – 500003 (18.8)50000 – 1 lac8 (50)Serum ferritin > 500 ng/ml16 (100%)Fibrinogen2.48 (1.6 – 4)Triglycerides (mg/dL)375 (294 -470)AST/ALT (U/L)153 (113 – 234) / 90 (68 – 170)Procalcitonin (pg/mL)0.8 (0.3 – 1.4)Lactate dehydrogenase (U/L)1674 (1081 – 2184)Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (mm in 1sthour)61 (44 – 69)C- reactive protein (mg/L)36 (6.3 – 52)Bone marrow examination14 (87.5)Increased histiocytes with hemophagocytosis5 (32.5)All data presented as n (%) and median (IQR)ALT – Alanine transaminase, AST – Aspartate transaminaseConclusion:Fever, cytopenia, high ferritin, and elevation of transaminases were the commonest features in this series of SLE-MAS. SLE-MAS carried a high mortality (25%) despite aggressive treatment.References:[1]Gavand P-E, Serio I, Arnaud L, Costedoat-Chalumeau N, Carvelli J, Dossier A, et al. Clinical spectrum and therapeutic management of systemic lupus erythematosus-associated macrophage activation syndrome: A study of 103 episodes in 89 adult patients. Autoimmun Rev. 2017;16(7):743–9.Acknowledgments:NONEDisclosure of Interests:None declared
Collapse
|
12
|
Chatterjee S, Bhattacharjee D, Misra S, Rao A, Chattopadhyay A, Ghosh A. AB0006 HYPOMETHYLATION OF THE PROMOTER REGION OF TLR4 GENE AT A SYSTEMIC LEVEL IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS AND PERIODONTITIS. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.3455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Background:Periodontitis (PD) has long been linked with Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) [1]. Epigenetic modifications are being recently explored to explain such associations, DNA methylation being one such important mechanism.Objectives:To study the effect chronic generalized periodontitis on systemic methylation of TLR4 genes in comparison to only RA and RA with PD patients.Methods:Twenty-three RA patients, among which 11 patients had chronic generalized PD, 20 patients with only PD and 15 healthy individuals recruited. DNA was isolated from PBMCs of the participants blood, then were first bisulphite converted and then methylation specific PCR were performed using primers for methylated and um-methylated promoters of TLR4. The DNA amplifications were checked in horizontal gel electrophoresis. The methylation signatures were verified by DNA sequencing (Sanger) of the amplified products.Results:The anti-CCP, DAS-CRP and HAQ DI were higher in patients with both RA and PD (220±40, 5.7±0.2, 1.5±0.1 respectively, p<0.05). Control samples had shown amplification bands for methylated primers of TLR4 but not for un-methylated primers of TLR4. However, only RA, only PD and RA with PD samples, had shown amplification for un-methylated primers and not for methylated primers. These results together with DNA sequencing indicated that 4 CpG sites in the promoter ofTLR4 genes were hypo-methylated in the PBMCs of patients whereas those remain methylated in healthy individuals.Conclusion:The observations indicated that though PD is a localised disease of the gingiva there is a systemic involvement of TLR mediated pathways in them which is similar to those in RA. However, further validation in larger cohort and down-stream signalling molecules needs to be studied.References:[1]Ceccarelli F, Saccucci M, Di Carlo G, Lucchetti R, Pilloni A, Pranno N, Luzzi V, Valesini G, Polimeni A. Periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis: the same inflammatory mediators?. Mediators of inflammation. 2019;2019.Disclosure of Interests:None declared
Collapse
|
13
|
Kavanal AJ, Bhattacharya A, Sharma A, Shukla J, Chattopadhyay A, Vatsa R, Rana N, Kaur G, Mittal BR. THU0531 A PROSPECTIVE STUDY EVALUATING THE ROLE OF 68GA-RGD2 PET/CT ANGIOGENESIS IMAGING IN ASSESSING DISEASE ACTIVITY AND TREATMENT RESPONSE IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS AND ITS COMPARISON WITH DAS28. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.3276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background:PET/CT imaging of synovial angiogenesis using68Ga-RGD (cyclic tripeptide agent targeting αvβ3integrin) to study disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been demonstrated earlier in a few patients. However, post treatment changes in disease activity on68Ga-RGD2PET/CT imaging have not been adequately assessed.Objectives:To compare the performance of68Ga-RGD2PET/CT with disease activity score (DAS) 28 in assessing disease activity and treatment response in RA.Methods:Thirty patients (24F, 6M) aged 43±12 years with clinically diagnosed RA were prospectively studied. After calculation of DAS28 by a rheumatologist, all 30 patients underwent68Ga-RGD2PET/CT scan. Of these, 27 patients underwent a second68Ga-RGD2PET/CT scan and clinical assessment after at least 3 months of treatment. Total body and regional images of the upper limbs were acquired and interpreted by two nuclear medicine physicians blinded to the clinical findings. Joints showing focally increased tracer uptake compared to the background were considered positive and joints showing uptake equal to or less than background were considered negative. Data of 30 patients were used for inter-observer and inter-modality agreement calculations. Changes in PET parameters and DAS28 were compared in 27 patients to assess treatment response.Results:Out of 1560 joints examined in the initial scan, 394 were positive on PET/CT compared to 348 on clinical evaluation. Inter-observer agreement between nuclear medicine physicians was excellent (Cohen’s kappa 0.92, p<0.05) and inter-modality agreement between PET and clinical examination was moderate (Cohen’s kappa 0.55, p<0.05). The DAS28 and SUVmax values (highest and average) of 27 patients showed significant reduction on follow-up compared to the initial evaluation. There was significant correlation between percentage change in DAS28 and percentage change in scan parameters like PET positive joint counts (0.689, p<0.001), average SUVmax (0.712, p<0.001) and highest SUVmax values (0.558, p=0.003) of scan-positive joints in 27 patients. Additional advantages of68Ga-RGD2PET/CT included objective assessment, whole body evaluation of all small and large joints, and greater reproducibility.Conclusion:68Ga-RGD2PET/CT is a promising tool for objective assessment of disease activity and treatment response in patients with RA.Table 1.Clinical and PET parameters of the patientsParameterInitial data (n=27)Mean (SD)/Median (IQR)Follow-up data (n=27)Mean (SD)/Median (IQR)TJC(28)10 (5-13)3 (2-4)SJC(28)6 (3-7)1 (0-2)ESR25 (20-41)24 (18-35)PtGA6.0 (5.0-6.0)3.0 (2.0-4.0)DAS28(3)5.14 (0.85)3.74 (0.88)DAS28(4)5.60 (0.90)3.80 (0.96)PET positive Joints12 (7-8)4 (2-9)aSUVmax2.08 (1.68-2.52)1.79 (1.00-2.06)hSUVmax3.45 (2.71-4.70)3.34 (1.95-4.25)TJC/SJC: tender/swollen joint counts; ESR: erythrocyte sedimentation rate; PtGA: patients global assessment scale; DAS: disease activity score; aSUVmax/hSUVmax: average/highest SUVmax (maximum standardized uptake value); SD: standard deviation; IQR: interquartile rangeFigure 1.68Ga-RGD2PET scan of a 26-year female RA patient on treatment.A.Initial scan shows increased tracer uptake in multiple joints of upper and lower limbs and tendon sheaths of hands and ankle region (arrows); DAS28 was 4.56 (moderate disease activity) and ESR 12 mm/1sthour.B. Follow-up scan after 4 months shows resolution of tracer activity in the previously involved joints with only a mild focus persisting in the left knee joint; DAS28 was 1.73 (clinical remission according to ARA) and ESR 08 mm/1sthour.Acknowledgments:This study was supported by Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi [grant no.3/2/June-2017/PG-Thesis-HRD (23)]Disclosure of Interests:None declared
Collapse
|
14
|
Chattopadhyay A, Mittal S, Gupta K, Dhir V, Jain S. Intestinal leishmaniasis. Clin Microbiol Infect 2020; 26:1345-1346. [PMID: 32439594 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2020.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Chattopadhyay
- Internal Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - S Mittal
- Internal Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - K Gupta
- Histopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - V Dhir
- Internal Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - S Jain
- Internal Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Juang JM, Chen CY, Liu YB, Lin LY, Ho LT, Huang HC, Lai LP, Hwang JJ, Wu CK, Lin TT, Yu CC, Lu TP, Chattopadhyay A, Yu QY, Lin JL. P1604Validating previously reported Brugada syndrome-associated common variants identified in caucasian population in the Han Chinese BrS cohort in Taiwan: SADS-BrS registry. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz748.0363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Brugada syndrome (BrS) is a sudden arrhythmic death. The prevalence of BrS is higher in the Southeast Asian populations than that in Caucasian patients. A previous genome-wide association study (GWAS) has reported 13 SNPs significantly associated with BrS. However, no study was performed to validate whether these SNPs are enriched in BrS patients in Han Chinese (HC).
Purpose
Evaluating the common variants previously reported in Caucasian BrS patients could be generalized to HC BrS patients in Taiwan
Methods
We genotyped 200 unrelated BrS patients using Affymetrix TWB Array (N=653,291 SNPs, a customized array for HC in Taiwan). The controls are obtained from the Taiwan Biobank (N ≈ 16,000) using the same array. An imputation workflow was shown in Figure 1. To confirm the accuracy of the imputed genotype of each variant, Sanger sequencing was performed in 10% of randomly selected cases.
Results
Among the 3 most important common variants (rs11708996 in SCN5A, rs10428132 in SCN10A and rs9388451 in HEY2/NCOA7) reported in the previous GWAS mainly conducted in Caucasian BrS patients, 2 of them (rs10428132 and rs9388451) were successfully replicated in the HC population in Taiwan (P<0.01). We also found that the differences of minor allele frequency (dMAF: the MAF of cases minus the MAF of controls) of the two variants were relatively smaller between the BrS cases and healthy controls in HC population compared with that in Caucasian populations (dMAF, rs9388451: 0.15 (Caucasian) vs −0.07 (HC); rs10428132: 0.28 (Caucasian) vs 0.11 (HC)). For the remaining 10 common variants reaching genome-wide significance (P=5×10–8) in Caucasian BrS patients, 9 of them were also significantly enriched in the HC BrS patients after the Bonferroni correction (P<0.05/12=0.0042). We next analyzed the variants identified in the previous GWAS on ECG traits (PR interval, QRS duration, QTc interval, and heart rate) in the Caucasian population. Among the reported 75 variants associated with ECG traits, 5 common variants (rs6798015 (PR), rs1760876 (QRS), rs6795970 (PR/QRS), rs2074238 (QTc) and rs314370 (heart rate)) were significant after Bonferroni correction (P<0.05/75=0.00066).
Figure 1
Conclusions
The preliminary results indicated that 85% of common variants of SCN10A and HEY2/NCOA7 previously reported in Caucasian BrS patients are replicated in BrS patients in the HC population but not the common variant of SCN5A (rs11708996). Furthermore, the common variants of SCN10A and HEY2/NCOA7 related to cardiac depolarization or repolarization may also contribute to the development of BrS.
Acknowledgement/Funding
NTUH 106-S3469, NTUH106-S3458 and NTUH 106-018
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J.-M Juang
- National Taiwan University Hospital, Division of Cardiovascular Center and Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - C Y Chen
- National Taiwan University Hospital, Division of Cardiovascular Center and Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Y B Liu
- National Taiwan University Hospital, Division of Cardiovascular Center and Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - L Y Lin
- National Taiwan University Hospital, Division of Cardiovascular Center and Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - L T Ho
- National Taiwan University Hospital, Division of Cardiovascular Center and Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - H C Huang
- National Taiwan University Hospital, Division of Cardiovascular Center and Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - L P Lai
- National Taiwan University Hospital, Division of Cardiovascular Center and Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - J J Hwang
- National Taiwan University Hospital, Division of Cardiovascular Center and Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - C K Wu
- National Taiwan University Hospital, Division of Cardiovascular Center and Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - T T Lin
- National Taiwan University Hospital, Division of Cardiovascular Center and Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - C C Yu
- National Taiwan University Hospital, Division of Cardiovascular Center and Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - T P Lu
- National Taiwan University Hospital, Division of Cardiovascular Center and Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - A Chattopadhyay
- National Taiwan University, Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core, Center of Genomic Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Q Y Yu
- National Taiwan University, Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core, Center of Genomic Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - J L Lin
- National Taiwan University Hospital, Division of Cardiovascular Center and Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Magbanua MJM, Yau C, Wolf D, Lee JS, Chattopadhyay A, Scott JH, Yoder E, Hwang S, Alvarado M, Ewing CA, Delson AL, van't Veer L, Esserman L, Park JW. Abstract P3-01-02: Detection of circulating tumor cells (CTC) in blood and disseminated tumor cells (DTC) in bone marrow at surgery identifies breast cancer patients (pts) with long-term risk of distant recurrence and breast cancer-specific death. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p3-01-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
We examined the prognostic impact of CTCs and DTCs detected at the time of definitive surgery in pts diagnosed with early breast cancer (EBC).
Methods: Blood and bone marrow samples from 742 treatment-naïve EBC pts, not eligible for neoadjuvant therapy, were collected immediately prior to surgery. 87% were hormone receptor (HR)-positive, and 71% were node-negative. DTCs (n=584) were enumerated using an EPCAM-based method involving immunomagnetic enrichment and flow cytometry (IE/FC). CTCs were enumerated either by IE/FC (n=288) or CellSearch (n=380). Optimal cutoffs for CTC-/DTC-positivity were selected using Monte-Carlo cross validation. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was performed to determine correlation between levels of CTCs/DTCs vs. distant recurrence-free survival (DRFS) and breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS). The overall median follow-up was 7.1 years for DRFS and and 9.1 years for BCSS, but extended up to 13.3 years in subset analyses (Table 1).
Results: CTC-positivity by CellSearch was associated with HER2-positivity (Fisher p=0.01). Using optimized cutoffs in multivariate analyses, we found that CTC-positive pts by CellSearch had a statistically significant increased risk of distant recurrence (HR 4.93, p=0.0067). Moreover, pts who were CTC-positive by IE/FC had a statistically significant increased risk of breast cancer-specific death (HR=3.54, p=0.0138). DTC status, by itself, was not prognostic; however, when combined with CTC status by IE/FC (n=273), positive detection for both (CTC+DTC+) was significantly associated with increased risk of distant recurrence (HR=3.09, p=0.0270) and breast cancer-specific death (HR=4.55, p=0.0205).
Table 1.Multivariate analysis to determine the prognostic significance of CTCs and DTCs detected at the time of surgery in treatment naive early breast cancer patients. Adjusted for age at diagnosis, tumor size, pathologic stage, HR and HER2 status, node status and grade. DRFS BCSS Variable and Method% positiveHR [95% CI]Wald p-valueMedian f/u [range] Years*HR [95% CI]Wald p-valueMedian f/u [range] Years*CTC+ vs. CTC- by CellSearch94.93[1.56-15.6]0.00676.4 [0.16-13.8]4.50[0.76-26.5]0.09627.5 [0.71-15.0]CTC+ vs. CTC- by IE/FC401.92[0.93-3.95]0.07599.8 [0.09-18.5]3.54[1.29-9.72]0.013813.3 [1.93-18.5]DTC+ vs. DTC- by IE/FC181.46[0.75-2.81]0.26317.5 [0.09-18.5]1.48[0.64-3.42]0.35429.8 [1.55-18.5]CTC+DTC+ vs. CTC-DTC- by IE/FC8**3.09[1.14-8.40]0.02709.8 [0.09-18.5]4.55[1.26-16.39]0.020513.3 [1.93-18.5]*f/u - follow-up; **double positive
Conclusions: We demonstrate the impact of quantitative evaluation of CTCs and DTCs by IE/FC. Our large single institution dataset, in which CTCs and DTCs have been contemporaneously quantitated, has the longest patient follow-up. Simultaneous detection of CTCs and DTCs at the time of definitive surgery in treatment naïve EBC pts is an independent prognostic factor associated with increased long-term risk of distant recurrence and death due to breast cancer. Given the lack of early endpoints for low-risk patients, liquid biopsy may be an important consideration for future studies.
Citation Format: Magbanua MJM, Yau C, Wolf D, Lee JS, Chattopadhyay A, Scott JH, Yoder E, Hwang S, Alvarado M, Ewing CA, Delson AL, van't Veer L, Esserman L, Park JW. Detection of circulating tumor cells (CTC) in blood and disseminated tumor cells (DTC) in bone marrow at surgery identifies breast cancer patients (pts) with long-term risk of distant recurrence and breast cancer-specific death [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-01-02.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- MJM Magbanua
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Duke University, Durham
| | - C Yau
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Duke University, Durham
| | - D Wolf
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Duke University, Durham
| | - JS Lee
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Duke University, Durham
| | - A Chattopadhyay
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Duke University, Durham
| | - JH Scott
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Duke University, Durham
| | - E Yoder
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Duke University, Durham
| | - S Hwang
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Duke University, Durham
| | - M Alvarado
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Duke University, Durham
| | - CA Ewing
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Duke University, Durham
| | - AL Delson
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Duke University, Durham
| | - L van't Veer
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Duke University, Durham
| | - L Esserman
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Duke University, Durham
| | - JW Park
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco; Duke University, Durham
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Saenz J, Adar SD, Wilkens J, Chattopadhyay A, Wong R, Lee J. SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS, INDOOR AIR POLLUTION, AND COGNITIVE AGING: A CROSS-NATIONAL COMPARISON OF INDIA AND MEXICO. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J Saenz
- University of Southern California, LOS ANGELES, California, United States
| | - S D Adar
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - J Wilkens
- Center for Economic and Social Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - A Chattopadhyay
- International Institute of Population Sciences, Mumbai, India
| | - R Wong
- Sealy Center on Aging, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - J Lee
- Center for Economic and Social Research, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sharma KS, Ningthoujam RS, Dubey AK, Chattopadhyay A, Phapale S, Juluri RR, Mukherjee S, Tewari R, Shetake NG, Pandey BN, Vatsa RK. Synthesis and characterization of monodispersed water dispersible Fe 3O 4 nanoparticles and in vitro studies on human breast carcinoma cell line under hyperthermia condition. Sci Rep 2018; 8:14766. [PMID: 30283083 PMCID: PMC6170485 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32934-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Monodispersed Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) having size of 7 nm have been prepared from iron oleate and made water dispersible by functionalization for biomedical applications. Three different reactions employing thioglycolic acid, aspartic acid and aminophosphonate were performed on oleic acid coated Fe3O4. In order to achieve a control on particle size, the pristine nanoparticles were heated in presence of ferric oleate which led to increase in size from 7 to 11 nm. Reaction parameters such as rate of heating, reaction temperature and duration of heating have been studied. Shape of particles was found to change from spherical to cuboid. The cuboid shape in turn enhances magneto-crystalline anisotropy (Ku). Heating efficacy of these nanoparticles for hyperthermia was also evaluated for different shapes and sizes. We demonstrate heat generation from these MNPs for hyperthermia application under alternating current (AC) magnetic field and optimized heating efficiency by controlling morphology of particles. We have also studied intra-cellular uptake and localization of nanoparticles and cytotoxicity under AC magnetic field in human breast carcinoma cell line.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K S Sharma
- Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - R S Ningthoujam
- Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India.
| | - A K Dubey
- Bio-organic Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - A Chattopadhyay
- Bio-organic Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - S Phapale
- Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - R R Juluri
- Institute of Physics, SachivalayaMarg, Bhubaneswar, 751005, India
| | - S Mukherjee
- UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Mumbai Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - R Tewari
- Material Science Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Neena G Shetake
- Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - B N Pandey
- Radiation Biology and Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - R K Vatsa
- Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Biswas R, Chattopadhyay A, Datta De S. Hypoglycemic and Hypolipidemic effects of Watermelon (Citrullus vulgaris) Seed Kernels on Male Albino Rats. Curr Res Nutr Food Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.12944/crnfsj.5.3.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The current investigation was planned to assess the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic efficiency of watermelon seeds on male albino rats. Eight male albino rats weighing between 105-150g were randomly selected for the present experiment and were placed into two equal groups (n=4) designated as control and treated group. The control group received normal stock diet (20% protein, 5 % fat, 60 % carbohydrate). The treated group received a modified diet (90g Stock diet excluding groundnut oil + 9g watermelon seed kernel + 1g sugar). Percentages of protein, fat and carbohydrate in the modified diet were kept same as that of the stock diet. All animals were given water ad libitum. Rats were weighed at weekly intervals. After 28 days rats were anesthetized using chloroform anesthesia and blood samples were collected via cardiac puncture and serum was obtained for evaluation of some biochemical parameters. Result showed that serum glucose, triglyceride (TG) and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) of the treated group were decreased significantly (p < 0.01, p < 0.05 and p < 0.05 respectively) compared to that of the control group. Liver glycogen, serum total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL) and AI (Atherogenic Index) were decreased (non-significant) whereas high density lipoprotein (HDL) increased (non-significant) in the treated group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reetapa Biswas
- Department of Home Science, Food and Nutrition Division, University of Calcutta, India
| | - Alok Chattopadhyay
- Department of Physiology, Harimohan Ghosh College, University of Calcutta, India
| | - Santa Datta De
- Department of Home Science, Food and Nutrition Division, University of Calcutta, India
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Chattopadhyay A, Kumar C, Thirthalli J, Mehta U, Thanapal S. Development of an Interview Schedule for Assessing Factors Influencing Educational Outcome in Students with Schizophrenia. Eur Psychiatry 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionSchizophrenia is a severe mental disorder with a relatively high toll on the quality of life of the patient and caregiver. It has a high financial, emotional and psychosocial burden. Surprisingly, optimum academic and educational outcomes in individuals with schizophrenia have been a neglected area of research and service provision.ObjectivesDevelopment of an interview schedule assessing the helpful and hindering factors affecting the educational attainment in persons with schizophrenia.MethodsTwenty-one participant were recruited (11 patients and 10 caregivers) from August 2014 to 2015 using purposive sampling and interviewed in a semi-structured qualitative fashion. Patients were between 16–25 years of age. Data collection and interpretation continued iteratively till saturation of factors was achieved. The list of factors (hindering/helping) was compiled and sent to a panel of 14 experts. They rated the schedule and the individual factors on a Likert scale. Reliability and validity parameters were tested and the final schedule was formulated.ResultsThe final schedule contained 17 hindering and 18 helping factors. Detailed instructions to the interviewer for administration of the schedule are included. The factors have been further subdivided into illness related and illness unrelated. Some of the major hindering factors were symptoms of illness, medication side effects, delay in treatment initiation, perceived conflict in parents, lack of motivation. The major helpful factors were adequate symptom control, withholding inpatient care, spirituality, and peer group acceptance.ConclusionsService provisions for ensuring optimal educational achievement can be formulated by assessing the felt needs and hindrances of patients and their caregivers.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Collapse
|
21
|
Chattopadhyay A, Weatherspoon D, Pinto A. Human papillomavirus and oral cancer: a primer for dental public health professionals. Community Dent Health 2015; 32:117-128. [PMID: 26263606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED There is strong evidence for causal association between human papillomavirus (HPV) and cervical cancer, evidence of association of HPV and oropharyngeal cancer is beginning to mount. OBJECTIVES To review the HPV-oral cancer literature for a comprehensive assessment of the issues involved. METHODS Literature search conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar and Google search engine. RESULTS Both available HPV vaccines are efficacious and safe although expensive. Policy for mandatory HPV vaccination for cervical prevention is mired in political issues stemming from negative cost-effectiveness balance. Dental professionals are not ready to discuss the role of HPV vaccine in cancer prevention. This review discusses the impact of HPV on cervical cancer, transmission of HPV among humans, impact of HPV in oral health, and its plausible role in oral and oropharyngeal cancer, prevention of HPV transmission, available vaccines against HPV, testing, cost, policy and use of HPV vaccines internationally and dentists readiness related to HPV associated health communication. CONCLUSIONS Given the mounting literature on the association between HPV and oropharyngeal cancer, the dental community must be prepared to answer patients' HPV-related questions and to educate patients about the role of HPV as a risk factor for oral and oropharyngeal cancers.
Collapse
|
22
|
Mukharjee S, Mitra D, Sen A, Chattopadhyay A, Kajal S, Dhankhar M. Intubation of a neonate with glossopalatine ankylosis using a paraglossal approach and a laryngoscope with a straight blade. Southern African Journal of Anaesthesia and Analgesia 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/22201181.2014.979629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
23
|
Christian B, Chattopadhyay A. Determinants and trends in dental expenditures in the adult US population: Medical Expenditure Panel Survey 1996-2006. Community Dent Health 2014; 31:99-104. [PMID: 25055607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To estimate dental expenditures in 2006, to analyse dental expenditures by potential explanatory factors for 2006 and to explore trends in dental expenditures from 1996-2006. METHODS Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) data were used. T-tests and analysis of variance were used to test for significance. Multivariable linear regression analysis was conducted to identify independent predictors of dental expenditures. The trend analysis was conducted for the 11-year period, 1996-2006, on adults aged 25 years and older. Expenditures were inflation adjusted to 2006 dollars using the annual average Consumer Price Index. Data were analysed using the MEPS query tool and SASv9.2. RESULTS In the 2006 MEPS sample, 8,001 adults had dental expenditures and when weighted represented about 93 million non-institutionalised adult US civilians. The mean dental expenditures for this weighted sample were $611 (sd 1,309), median $233 (inter-quartile range 466). As expected, in 2006, dental expenditures increased with age. Those adults who reported their self-perceived health status as 'excellent' were observed to have lowest dental expenditures in this category. After adjusting for other variables in the multivariable linear regression analysis of dental expenditures, age, race/ethnicity, income, geographic location, perceived health status and dental insurance coverage remained significant. CONCLUSION Dental expenditures for 2006 were $611 (mean) and $233 (median). The time-trend showed substantial but non-uniform annual changes in real dental expenditures between 1996 and 2006.
Collapse
|
24
|
Michealraj KA, Jatana N, Jafurulla, Narayanan L, Chattopadhyay A, Thelma BK. Functional characterization of rare variants in human dopamine receptor D4 gene by genotype-phenotype correlations. Neuroscience 2014; 262:176-89. [PMID: 24406443 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.12.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2013] [Revised: 11/28/2013] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Next generation sequencing technologies have facilitated a notable shift from common disease common variant hypothesis to common disease rare variant, as also witnessed in recent literature on schizophrenia. Dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4), a G-protein-coupled receptor is associated with psychiatric disorders and has high affinity for atypical antipsychotic clozapine. We investigated the functional role of rare genetic variants in DRD4 which may have implications for translational medicine. CHO-K1 cells independently expressing four rare non-synonymous variants of DRD4 namely R237L, A281P, S284G located in the third cytosolic loop and V194G, located in the fifth transmembrane domain were generated. Their genotype-phenotype correlations were evaluated using [³H]spiperone binding, G-protein activation and molecular dynamics-simulation studies. A281P and S284G were functionally similar to wildtype (WT). With R237L, potency of dopamine and quinpirole reduced ∼sixfold and threefold respectively compared to WT; [³H]spiperone binding studies showed a reduction in total number of binding sites (∼40%) but not binding affinity, in silico docking studies revealed that binding of both dopamine and spiperone to R237L was structurally similar to WT. Of note, V194G variant failed to inhibit forskolin-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity and phosphorylate extracellular signal-regulated kinase; showed significant reduction in binding affinity (K(d)=2.16 nM) and total number of binding sites (∼66%) compared to WT in [³H]spiperone binding studies; and ligand docking studies showed that binding of dopamine and spiperone is superficial due to probable structural alteration. Transmembrane variant V194G in DRD4.4 results in functional alteration warranting continuing functional analysis of rare variants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K A Michealraj
- Department of Genetics, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - N Jatana
- Bioinformatics Infrastructure Facility, Sri Venkateswara College, New Delhi, India
| | - Jafurulla
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - L Narayanan
- Bioinformatics Infrastructure Facility, Sri Venkateswara College, New Delhi, India
| | - A Chattopadhyay
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | - B K Thelma
- Department of Genetics, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Christian B, Chattopadhyay A, Kingman A, Boroumand S, Adams A, Garcia I. Oral health care services utilisation in the adult US population: Medical Expenditure Panel Survey 2006. Community Dent Health 2013; 30:161-167. [PMID: 24151790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To estimate the proportion of dental visits and to explore determinants of oral health care service (OHCS) utilisation among US civilian non-institutionalised adults. METHODS Cross-sectional data from the 2006 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) were used to analyse adults' self-reported dental visits across potential risk factors (n = 22,721). MEPS uses a complex sample design including stratification, clustering, multiple stages of selection, and disproportionate sampling. These survey design complexities were taken into account for analysis in this study. The analysis was performed in SAS 9.2 and used chi-square tests and binary logistic regression. RESULTS MEPS (2006) represented approximately 222 million non-institutionalised US adults. 42% (weighted) of this population reported a dental visit in the past 12 months. Dental visit numbers were observed to increase with age, with the 55-64-year-olds approximately 44% more likely than the 18-24-year olds to have visited the dentist in the past year. Hispanics were 48% less likely to report a dental visit compared to Non-Hispanic Whites. Respondents with public- or no- dental insurance were less likely to report a dental visit than persons with private dental coverage. CONCLUSIONS Under half the US adult civilian non-institutionalised population reported a dental visit during 2006. To help address utilisation disparities, creative initiatives and systemic approaches aimed at groups currently utilising OHCS less often could be an important step towards oral health equity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Christian
- McCaughey Centre, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Australia.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Selvan SE, Borckmans PB, Chattopadhyay A, Absil PA. Spherical mesh adaptive direct search for separating quasi-uncorrelated sources by range-based independent component analysis. Neural Comput 2013; 25:2486-522. [PMID: 23777522 DOI: 10.1162/neco_a_00485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
It is seemingly paradoxical to the classical definition of the independent component analysis (ICA), that in reality, the true sources are often not strictly uncorrelated. With this in mind, this letter concerns a framework to extract quasi-uncorrelated sources with finite supports by optimizing a range-based contrast function under unit-norm constraints (to handle the inherent scaling indeterminacy of ICA) but without orthogonality constraints. Albeit the appealing contrast properties of the range-based function (e.g., the absence of mixing local optima), the function is not differentiable everywhere. Unfortunately, there is a dearth of literature on derivative-free optimizers that effectively handle such a nonsmooth yet promising contrast function. This is the compelling reason for the design of a nonsmooth optimization algorithm on a manifold of matrices having unit-norm columns with the following objectives: to ascertain convergence to a Clarke stationary point of the contrast function and adhere to the necessary unit-norm constraints more naturally. The proposed nonsmooth optimization algorithm crucially relies on the design and analysis of an extension of the mesh adaptive direct search (MADS) method to handle locally Lipschitz objective functions defined on the sphere. The applicability of the algorithm in the ICA domain is demonstrated with simulations involving natural, face, aerial, and texture images.
Collapse
|
27
|
Jafurulla M, Chattopadhyay A. Membrane lipids in the function of serotonin and adrenergic receptors. Curr Med Chem 2013; 20:47-55. [PMID: 23151002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2012] [Revised: 09/18/2012] [Accepted: 09/24/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the largest class of molecules involved in signal transduction across membranes, and represent major targets in the development of novel drug candidates in all clinical areas. Since GPCRs are integral membrane proteins, interaction of membrane lipids such as cholesterol and sphingolipids with GPCRs constitutes an emerging area of research in contemporary biology. Cholesterol and sphingolipids represent important lipid components of eukaryotic membranes and play a crucial role in a variety of cellular functions. In this review, we highlight the role of these vital lipids in the function of two representative GPCRs, the serotonin(1A) receptor and the adrenergic receptor. We believe that development in deciphering molecular details of the nature of GPCR-lipid interaction would lead to better insight into our overall understanding of GPCR function in health and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Jafurulla
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
|
29
|
Carter SA, Foster NA, Scarpini CG, Chattopadhyay A, Pett MR, Roberts I, Coleman N. Lipoprotein lipase is frequently overexpressed or translocated in cervical squamous cell carcinoma and promotes invasiveness through the non-catalytic C terminus. Br J Cancer 2012; 107:739-47. [PMID: 22782350 PMCID: PMC3419954 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2012.301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: We studied the biological significance of genes involved in a novel t(8;12)(p21.3;p13.31) reciprocal translocation identified in cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cells. Methods: The rearranged genes were identified by breakpoint mapping, long-range PCR and sequencing. We investigated gene expression in vivo using reverse-transcription PCR and tissue microarrays, and studied the phenotypic consequences of forced gene overexpression. Results: The rearrangement involved lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and peroxisome biogenesis factor-5 (PEX5). Whereas LPL–PEX5 was expressed at low levels and contained a premature stop codon, PEX5–LPL was highly expressed and encoded a full-length chimeric protein (including the majority of the LPL coding region). Consistent with these findings, PEX5 was constitutively expressed in normal cervical squamous cells, whereas LPL expression was negligible. The LPL gene was rearranged in 1 out of 151 cervical SCCs, whereas wild-type LPL overexpression was common, being detected in 10 out of 28 tissue samples and 4 out of 10 cell lines. Forced overexpression of wild-type LPL and PEX5–LPL fusion transcripts resulted in increased invasiveness in cervical SCC cells, attributable to the C-terminal non-catalytic domain of LPL, which was retained in the fusion transcripts. Conclusion: This is the first demonstration of an expressed fusion gene in cervical SCC. Overexpressed wild-type or translocated LPL is a candidate for targeted therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S A Carter
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Bhowmik S, Chattopadhyay A, Bose T, Acharyya S, Sahoo P, Chattopadhyay J, Dhar S. Estimation of fracture toughness of 20MnMoNi55 steel in the ductile to brittle transition region using master curve method. Nuclear Engineering and Design 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nucengdes.2011.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
31
|
Shukla RM, Tripathy BB, Mukhopadhyay B, Chattopadhyay A, Saha K, Basu KS. Outcome of colostomy closure with different skin closure techniques in a developing country. Afr J Paediatr Surg 2010; 7:156-8. [PMID: 20859019 DOI: 10.4103/0189-6725.70415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colostomy site, which is a potentially contaminated wound, is traditionally closed with interrupted skin stitches and placement of intraperitoneal or parietal or both drains; often with poor cosmetic outcome in our country. This study aims at prospective evaluation of colostomy closure wounds by different techniques. PATIENTS AND METHODS This study was carried out in all infants and children with colostomy (for different pathologies) admitted for colostomy closure in our institute from August 1, 2006 to February 29, 2008. Patients were divided into two groups: Group A with colostomy closure without any drain and subcuticular skin closure and Group B with colostomy closure with both intraperitoneal and parietal drain and interrupted skin closure. Patient's details, including age, sex, body weight, diagnosis, preoperative bowel preparation, peroperative antibiotics, postoperative wound infection, anastomotic leaks, duration of hospitalisation and postoperative follow-up for wound assessment, were recorded. By the end of February 2008, 151 cases of colostomy closure were recorded, 70 in Group A and 81 in Group B. RESULTS Statistical analysis of the data showed no statistically significant difference in wound infection and anastomotic leak between the two groups. On postoperative follow-up, wound assessment showed significantly better cosmesis in the no drain subcuticular group. CONCLUSION This study shows that closing colostomies without any drain and subcuticular skin closure does not result in any increased incidence of wound infection and has better cosmetic results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R M Shukla
- Department of Paediatric Surgery, Nil Ratan Sircar Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, India.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Kleine B, Bopp B, Müller S, Chattopadhyay A, Brockmeier U, Freudl R. Optimierung heterologer Proteinsekretion in Bakterien via Signalpeptidvariation. CHEM-ING-TECH 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201050435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
33
|
Nguyen T, Chattopadhyay A, Krishnan L. Host immune and pathogen virulence factors that contribute to placental colonization by Salmonella typhimurium. J Reprod Immunol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2010.06.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
34
|
Affiliation(s)
- S Bhatawadekar
- Department of Microbiology, Bharati Vidyapeeth University Medical College, Pune, India E-mail:
| | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Bhattacharya A, Chattopadhyay A, Mazumdar D, Chakravarty A, Pal S. Antioxidant Constituents and Enzyme Activities in Chilli Peppers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/19315260903529709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
36
|
Chattopadhyay A, Slade GD, Caplan DJ. Professional charges not reimbursed to dentists in the U.S.: evidence from Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, 1996. Community Dent Health 2009; 26:227-233. [PMID: 20088221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This cross-sectional study examined professional charges not paid to dentists. METHODS This analysis used logistic regression in SUDAAN examining the 1996 MEPS data from 12,931 adults. RESULTS Among people incurring dental care charges, 13.6% had more than $50 of unpaid charge (UC). The percapita UC was $53.30. Total UC was higher for highest income group [45.4% of total] compared to lowest income group [26.0%]. The percapita UC of $76.70 for low income group was significantly greater than for high income group ($47.80, P < 0.01). More Medicaid recipients (52% vs. non-recipients: 12%) incurred at least $50 in UC (P < 0.01). Adjusted odds of incurring UC were greater for those employed (OR = 1.3, 95% CI: 1.0-1.7), and for those with private insurance (OR: 1.5, CI: 1.3-1.9). Number of dental procedure types modified the association between Medicaid recipient and UC (OR = 13.6 for Medicaid recipients undergoing multiple procedure types; OR: 2.3 for Medicaid non-recipients with multiple procedure types; OR: 1.9 for Medicaid recipients receiving single dental procedure. CONCLUSIONS Having private insurance, being unemployed and being Medicaid insured undergoing multiple procedure were strongest predictors of UC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Chattopadhyay
- Office of Science Policy and Analysis, National Institute of Dental & Craniofacial Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892-2190, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Guchhait S, Bhattacharya A, Pal S, Mazumdar D, Chattopadhyay A, Das AK. Quality Evaluation of Cormels of New Germplasm of Taro. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/19315260802212738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
38
|
Niazy MN, Neyyarapally TI, Chattopadhyay A. Erythropoietin-induced deep vein thrombosis in myelodysplastic syndrome. J Assoc Physicians India 2008; 56:195-196. [PMID: 18697638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We report a rare case of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) secondary to erythropoietin (EPO) in an 89-year-old patient with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). The incidence of EPO-induced thrombotic episode increases with an absolute increase of hemoglobin (Hb) beyond >12 gm/dL or rate of increase of Hb level >1 gm/dL every 2 weeks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M N Niazy
- Department of Medicine, Al-Sabah Hospital, Ministry of Health, Kuwait
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Thussu A, Chattopadhyay A, Sawhney IMS, Khandelwal N. Albendazole therapy for single small enhancing CT lesions (SSECTL) in the brain in epilepsy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2008; 79:272-5. [PMID: 17928325 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.2007.128058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Single small enhancing CT lesions (SSECTL) of the brain with or without perifocal oedema are common in patients with symptomatic epilepsy in India. Solitary cysticercus granuloma, a benign form of parenchymal neurocysticercosis, is considered to be the most common aetiology for SSECTL. Definite information is lacking regarding the effectiveness of antiparasitic treatment on resolution of these lesions and on long term seizure recurrence. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the response to albendazole treatment in patients who had SSECTL and new onset seizures treated with antiepileptic drugs (AED) in a prospective clinical trial. METHODS 43 patients who presented with new onset seizures and were documented to have SSECTL were alternatively allocated to receive albendazole 15 mg/kg/day for 2 weeks or no cysticidal therapy. All patients were treated with AED and followed for at least 6 months for seizure recurrence, and serial CT scans were obtained at 4 weeks, 3 months and at study completion. RESULTS 28 (65%) patients were aged 5-25 years and 31 (72%) presented clinically with partial motor seizures with or without generalisation. Most of the SSECTL were ring lesions (75%) and located in and around the sensory-motor cortex at the gray-white junction (65%). In the albendazole group, 56% of patients compared with 35% in the control group showed resolution of SSECTL (p = 0.154) at 1 month. 22 of 23 patients (95.6%), who received albendazole, compared with 14 of 20 patients (70%) in the control group, demonstrated radiological resolution on study completion (p = 0.03). Punctate residual calcification and seizure recurrence were observed in four patients (9.3%) in the control group and in three (7%) patients in the albendazole group (p = 0.47). CONCLUSIONS In patients presenting with seizures due to single viable parenchymal neurocysticercosis, albendazole hastens the resolution of SSECTL if treatment is given in the early phase of the illness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Thussu
- Neurology Unit, Department of Medicine, Amiri Hospital, Ministry of Health, Kuwait.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Chattopadhyay A, Poddar R. Rehabilitation of maxillary defects: a multidisciplinary approach. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2007.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
41
|
Chattopadhyay S, Roy S, Sharma A, Dhotare B, Vichare P, Chattopadhyay A. An Efficient Asymmetric Route to Tertiary Carbinols: Synthesis of (R)-Mevalonolactone. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-965956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
42
|
Chattopadhyay A, Sarkar M, Biswas NM. Effect of gold on stimulation of reproductive function in immature female albino rats. Indian J Exp Biol 2006; 44:971-5. [PMID: 17176669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Significant increase in ovarian and uterine weight and stimulation of ovarian delta5-3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (delta5-3beta-HSD) activity and elevation of serum estradiol level were observed following gold chloride (0.2 mg/kg body weight/day), s.c. administration in immature female albino rats. Moreover, normal cyclic changes of estrus were found in vaginal smears of these rats whereas the rats of other groups showed diestrus phase throughout the period of experiment. Histological study of ovary also showed Graafian follicle with ovum in rats treated with 0.2 mg/kg/day of gold proving stimulation of reproductive function, which was not found in the ovarian histological study of other groups including controls. Thus, the results suggest a significant stimulatory effect of gold chloride on female reproductive activity in immature rats. Further, since the above-mentioned changes were evident at a specific dose of gold chloride, the data may have some clinical implications on stimulation and enhancement of fertility in immature female rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alok Chattopadhyay
- Department of Physiology, Harimohan Ghose College, Gardenreach, Kolkata 700 024, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Liberman UA, Hochberg MC, Geusens P, Shah A, Lin J, Chattopadhyay A, Ross PD. Hip and non-spine fracture risk reductions differ among antiresorptive agents: Evidence from randomised controlled trials. Int J Clin Pract 2006; 60:1394-400. [PMID: 17026515 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-1241.2006.01148.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of antiresorptive agents reduce the risk of vertebral fractures, but few have shown consistent effects on hip and other non-spine fractures. Meta-analysis provides a more precise estimate than individual trials when results are consistent across pooled trials. Earlier meta-analyses summarised the results for vertebral and non-spine fractures. New data have emerged for hormone therapy (HT), alendronate (ALN), risedronate (RIS) and ibandronate (IBN). We surveyed recent reports of randomised, placebo-controlled trials with non-spine and/or hip fracture data, and used meta-analysis where appropriate to test for heterogeneity and derive pooled estimates. The magnitude of effect on hip fracture appears to be similar to that for non-spine fracture for each drug, but differs among drugs. Based on the current data, ALN reduces the risk of hip and non-spine fracture by 49-55%, HT by 25-36% and RIS by 26-27%. There is insufficient and/or inconsistent evidence of an effect on these fractures for IBN, calcitonin and raloxifene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- U A Liberman
- Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Venkatachalam SR, Salaskar A, Chattopadhyay A, Barik A, Mishra B, Gangabhagirathi R, Priyadarsini KI. Synthesis, pulse radiolysis, and in vitro radioprotection studies of melatoninolipoamide, a novel conjugate of melatonin and α-lipoic acid. Bioorg Med Chem 2006; 14:6414-9. [PMID: 16766192 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2006.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2006] [Revised: 05/19/2006] [Accepted: 05/20/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A novel conjugate of melatonin 2 and alpha-lipoic acid 4 has been prepared using DCC mediated coupling. The conjugate named melatoninolipoamide has been assigned its structure 1 on the basis of spectral analysis (UV, IR, NMR, and EI-MS). Pulse radiolysis studies of the conjugate were carried out in aqueous solutions with both oxidizing and reducing radicals. The results indicate that the melatonin moiety of the conjugate reacts preferably with oxidizing radicals and the lipoic acid moiety exhibits preferential reaction with reducing radicals. The in vitro radioprotection ability of 1 was examined by gamma-radiation induced lipid peroxidation in liposomes and hemolysis of erythrocytes, and compared the results with those of melatonin and alpha-lipoic acid. The studies suggest that the conjugate can be explored as a probable radioprotector.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S R Venkatachalam
- Bio-Organic Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400 085, India.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Abstract
Five Indian cases of Aicardi syndrome, aged 1-13 years and all with the classic triad of infantile spasm, corpus callosal agenesis and chorioretinal lacunae, were presented. The purpose of this report was to demonstrate the clinical, electroencephalographic (EEG) and radiological spectrum and the treatment outcome of this disorder among the Indians. None of the patient had any family history of similar illness. All had profound psychomotor impairment with no meaningful speech development. There were microphthalmia in 2, optic disc coloboma in 1, interhemispheric cyst in 1, periventricular heterotopia in 2 and thoracolumbar kyphoscoliosis in 2 cases. They all had early onset epilepsy and there were multiple types of seizures. Two cases (40%) had the characteristic dissociated burst-suppression pattern in EEG. Two cases whose antiepileptic medications included vigabatrin had complete control of seizure.
Collapse
|
46
|
Chakraborty PP, Mandal SK, Bandyopadhyay D, Chattopadhyay A, Chowdhury SR, Majumdar S. Roth's spots as an only sign of acute myeloid leukemia. J Assoc Physicians India 2006; 54:547. [PMID: 17089903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
|
47
|
Biswas NM, Chattopadhyay A, Sarkar M. Hormonal contraceptive like effect of estrogen in milk protein-fed male rats. Nepal Med Coll J 2006; 8:101-6. [PMID: 17017399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Adult male rats received daily injections (sc) of estradiol-17 beta (50 microg/100 g body wt per day) for 7 days. When they were sacrificed 14 days after the last injection, serum levels of gonadotropins and testosterone and weights of accessory sex organs were decreased significantly, testicular 17-hydroxysteroid dehydroganase activity was suppressed and spermatogenesis was inhibited in 5.0% casein-fed estrogen-treated rats. Feeding of 20.0% casein diet to estrogen-treated rats resulted in increased serum concentration of gonadotropins and testosterone. LH and testosterone appeared to be normal in 20.0% casein-fed estrogen-treated rats while serum FSH levels remained subnormal. The estrogen-treated rats fed on 20.0% casein diet showed decreased spermatogenesis in comparison with control rats fed on 20.0% casein diet. Together, these results indicate that high casein diet stimulates synthesis of testicular testosterone and increases serum LH levels more than FSH in estrogen-treated rats. It is concluded that estrogen in the presence of high milk protein diet may be considered to be a suitable steroid hormone in the development of a male contraceptive.
Collapse
|
48
|
Abstract
BCL-6 is a transcription factor essential for germinal centre B-cell development. The BCL-6 gene is involved in diffuse large-cell lymphoma and overexpressed in other types of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and in high-grade breast cancer. BCL-6 is a transcriptional repressor whose N-terminal POZ domain mediates protein-protein interactions to exert its effects. Reasoning that disruption of POZ domain-mediated interactions may be an effective route to antagonizing the effects of BCL-6 in lymphoma, we screened a library for peptide aptamers that specifically bind to BCL-6 POZ and not the POZ domains of related proteins and describe here the first of these reagents, Apt48. Apt48 binds BCL-6 POZ in a manner distinct from the transcriptional corepressor SMRT, yet was found to prevent BCL-6-mediated repression of a luciferase reporter gene. Apt48 also reproduced several previously validated effects of BCL-6 inhibition. Notably, expression of the differentiation markers CD69, Blimp-1 and cyclin D2 was increased in B-cell lines when Apt48 was expressed. We also show that expression of Apt48 restores cytokine-mediated growth arrest to BCL-6 overexpressing cells. Thus, we have identified a peptide aptamer that affects a function of BCL-6 that is required to prevent differentiation of proliferating B cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Chattopadhyay
- MRC Cancer Cell Unit, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Blignaut E, Patton LL, Nittayananta W, Ramirez-Amador V, Ranganathan K, Chattopadhyay A. (A3) HIV Phenotypes, oral lesions, and management of HIV-related disease. Adv Dent Res 2006; 19:122-9. [PMID: 16672562 DOI: 10.1177/154407370601900123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Workshop participants discussed: the role of HIV subtypes in disease; the treatment of oral candidiasis; the relationship between and among viral load, CD4+ counts, oral candidiasis and oral hairy leukoplakia, pigmentation; and the development of a reliable oral index to predict disease progression. Regarding HIV, the literature revealed that Type I (HIV-I), in particular group M, is involved in the majority (90%) of documented infections, and groups N and O to a lesser extent. Viral envelope diversity led to the subclassification of the virus into nine subtypes, or clades-A-D, F-H, J, and K-each dominating in different geographical areas. HIV-2, currently occurring mostly in West Africa, appears to be less virulent. No evidence could be produced of any direct impact of type, subtype, or clade on oral lesions, and participants believed that further research is not feasible. Oral candidiasis in patients from resource-poor countries should be prevented. When the condition does occur, it should be treated until all clinical symptoms disappear. Oral rinsing with an antimicrobial agent was suggested to prevent recurrence of the condition, to reduce cost, and to prevent the development of antifungal resistance. Lawsone methyl ether, isolated from a plant (Rhinacanthus nasutus leaves) in Thailand, is a cost-effective mouthrinse with potent antifungal activity. Evidence from a carefully designed prospective longitudinal study on a Mexican cohort of HIV/AIDS patients, not receiving anti-retroviral treatment, revealed that the onset of oral candidiasis and oral hairy leukoplakia was heralded by a sustained reduction of CD4+, with an associated sharp increase in viral load. Analysis of the data obtained from a large cohort of HIV/AIDS patients in India could not establish a systemic or local cause of oral melanin pigmentation. A possible explanation was a dysfunctional immune system that increased melanin production. However, longitudinal studies may contribute to a better understanding of this phenomenon. Finally, a development plan was presented that could provide a reliable prediction of disease progression. To be useful in developing countries, the index should be independent of costly blood counts and viral load.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Blignaut
- Dept. of Stomatological Studies, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Limpopo, MEDUNSA 0204, South Africa.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Chattopadhyay A, Sarkar M, Biswas NM. Dose-dependent effect of copper chloride on male reproductive function in immature rats. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2005; 3:392-400. [PMID: 16449843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Copper is essential as a trace element for metabolic processes. Exposure to copper in industries develops toxicity among the workers. Previous findings on adverse effects of copper on male reproductive function in adult albino rats led to investigate the effects of this metal on reproductive function of maturing male rats in the present experiment. METHODOLOGY To study these effects, immature (30 to 35 days old) Wistar strain albino rats weighing about 50-60 g were treated intraperitoneally with copper chloride at doses of 1000, 2000 and 3000 microg/kg body weight/day for 26 days. RESULT Significant fall in accessory sex organ weight and inhibition of testicular 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity along with degeneration of testicular growing spermatogenic cells and reduction in serum testosterone, FSH and LH level were observed at the doses of 2000 and 3000microg/kg/day. On the other hand, at the dose of 1000 microg/kg/day significant increase in testicular steroidogenic enzyme activity and stimulation of testicular spermatogenesis along with rise in serum testosterone and LH level were observed, though no significant change was observed in serum FSH level. This suggests that copper has got a dose-dependent effect on testicular steroidogenesis and spermatogenesis and serum testosterone and LH level in maturing male rats.
Collapse
|