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Guerra G, Lucariello A, Komici K. Editorial: Long COVID: nutrition and lifestyle changes. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1375449. [PMID: 38450231 PMCID: PMC10915234 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1375449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Germano Guerra
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Angela Lucariello
- Department of Sport Sciences and Wellness, University of Naples “Parthenope”, Naples, Italy
| | - Klara Komici
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
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Iaquinto G, Mazzarella G, Sellitto C, Lucariello A, Melina R, Iaquinto S, De Luca A, Rotondi Aufiero V. Antibiotic Therapy for Active Crohn's Disease Targeting Pathogens: An Overview and Update. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:151. [PMID: 38391539 PMCID: PMC10886129 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13020151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Crohn's disease (CD) is a multifactorial chronic disorder that involves a combination of factors, including genetics, immune response, and gut microbiota. Therapy includes salicylates, immunosuppressive agents, corticosteroids, and biologic drugs. International guidelines do not recommend the use of antibiotics for CD patients, except in the case of septic complications. Increasing evidence of the involvement of gut bacteria in this chronic disease supports the rationale for using antibiotics as the primary treatment for active CD. In recent decades, several pathogens have been reported to be involved in the development of CD, but only Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Mycobacterium avium paratubercolosis (MAP) have aroused interest due to their strong association with CD pathogenesis. Several meta-analyses have been published concerning antibiotic treatment for CD patients, but randomized trials testing antibiotic treatment against E. coli and MAP have not shown prolonged benefits and have generated conflicting results; several questions are still unresolved regarding trial design, antibiotic dosing, the formulation used, the treatment course, and the outcome measures. In this paper, we provide an overview and update of the trials testing antibiotic treatment for active CD patients, taking into account the role of pathogens, the mechanisms by which different antibiotics act on harmful pathogens, and antibiotic resistance. Finally, we also present new lines of study for the future regarding the use of antibiotics to treat patients with active CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Iaquinto
- Gastroenterology Unit, St. Rita Hospital, 83042 Atripalda, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Mazzarella
- Institute of Food Sciences, Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR), 83100 Atripalda, Italy
- E.L.F.I.D, Department of Translational Medical Science, University "Federico II", 80147 Napoli, Italy
| | - Carmine Sellitto
- Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, 84081 Salerno, Italy
| | - Angela Lucariello
- Department of Sport Sciences and Wellness, University of Naples "Parthenope", 80100 Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaele Melina
- Gastroenterology Unit, San G. Moscati Hospital, 83100 Atripalda, Italy
| | | | - Antonio De Luca
- Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Vera Rotondi Aufiero
- Institute of Food Sciences, Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche (CNR), 83100 Atripalda, Italy
- E.L.F.I.D, Department of Translational Medical Science, University "Federico II", 80147 Napoli, Italy
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Iaquinto G, Aufiero VR, Mazzarella G, Lucariello A, Panico L, Melina R, Iaquinto S, De Luca A, Sellitto C. Pathogens in Crohn's Disease: The Role of Adherent Invasive Escherichia coli. Crit Rev Eukaryot Gene Expr 2024; 34:83-99. [PMID: 38305291 DOI: 10.1615/critreveukaryotgeneexpr.2023050088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
In Crohn's disease (CD), gut dysbiosis is marked by the prevalence of pathogenic bacterial species. Although several microbes have been reported as risk factors or causative agents of CD, it is not yet clear which is the real trigger of the disease. Thirty years ago, a new pathovar of Escherichia coli strain was isolated in the ileal mucosa of CD patients. This strain, called adherent invasive E. coli (AIEC), for its ability to invade the intestinal mucosa, could represent the causative agent of the disease. Several authors studied the mechanisms by which the AIEC penetrate and replicate within macrophages, and release inflammatory cytokines sustaining inflammation. In this review we will discuss about the role of AIEC in the pathogenesis of CD, the virulence factors mediating adhesion and invasion of AIEC in mucosal tissue, the environmental conditions improving AIEC survival and replication within macrophages. Finally, we will also give an overview of the new strategies developed to limit AIEC overgrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Iaquinto
- Gastroenterology Division, S. Rita Hospital, Atripalda, Avellino, Italy
| | - Vera Rotondi Aufiero
- Institute of Food Sciences, CNR, Avellino, Italy and Department of Translational Medical Science and E.L.F.I.D, University "Federico II" Napoli, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Mazzarella
- Institute of Food Sciences, CNR, Avellino, Italy and Department of Translational Medical Science and E.L.F.I.D, University "Federico II" Napoli, Italy
| | - Angela Lucariello
- Department of Sport Sciences and Wellness, University of Naples "Parthenope," 80100, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Panico
- Pathological Anatomy and Histology Unit, Monaldi Hospital, Napoli, Italy
| | - Raffaele Melina
- Department of Gastroenterology, San G. Moscati Hospital, Avellino, Italy
| | | | - Antonio De Luca
- Department of Mental Health and Physics, Preventive Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," Naples, Italy
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De Blasiis P, Caravaggi P, Fullin A, Leardini A, Lucariello A, Perna A, Guerra G, De Luca A. Postural stability and plantar pressure parameters in healthy subjects: variability, correlation analysis and differences under open and closed eye conditions. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1198120. [PMID: 37545891 PMCID: PMC10399229 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1198120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The "postural control system" acts through biomechanical strategies and functional neuromuscular adaptations to maintain body balance under static and dynamic conditions. Postural stability and body weight distribution can be affected by external sensory inputs, such as different visual stimuli. Little information is available about the influence of visual receptors on stabilometric and plantar pressure parameters. The aim of this study was to analyze variability, correlations, and changes in these parameters under open- (OE) and closed-eye (CE) conditions. Methods: A total of 31 stabilometric and plantar pressure parameters were acquired in 20 young and healthy adults during baropodometric examination performed in bipedal standing under both visual conditions. Variability of parameters was evaluated via the coefficient of variation, correlation analysis via Pearson's R2, and statistical differences via the Wilcoxon test. Results: High intra-subject repeatability was found for all plantar pressure parameters and CoP-speed (CV < 40%) under OE and CE conditions, while CoP-sway area (CoPsa) and length surface function (LSF) showed larger variability (CV > 50%). Mean and peak pressures at midfoot and total foot loads showed the least number of significant correlations with other parameters under both visual conditions, whereas the arch-index and rearfoot loads showed the largest number of significant correlations. The limb side significantly affected most plantar pressure parameters. A trend of larger LSF and lower CoPsa and mean and peak pressures at the right forefoot was found under the CE condition. Discussion: The present study provides a deeper insight into the associations between postural stability and foot load. Interesting postural adaptations, particularly with respect to different visual stimuli, the effect of the dominant side, and the specific role of the midfoot in balance control were highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. De Blasiis
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - P. Caravaggi
- Movement Analysis Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - A. Fullin
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Naples, Italy
| | - A. Leardini
- Movement Analysis Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - A. Lucariello
- Department of Sport Sciences and Wellness, University of Naples “Parthenope”, Naples, Italy
| | - A. Perna
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “Vincenzo Tiberio”, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - G. Guerra
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “Vincenzo Tiberio”, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - A. De Luca
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
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Della Vecchia G, Baldi A, Passavanti MB, Lucariello A, De Luca A, De Blasiis P. Acute Foot Drop Caused by Intraneural Ganglion Cyst of the Peroneal Nerve: Literature Review and Case Report. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1137. [PMID: 37511750 PMCID: PMC10381733 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13071137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Foot drop (FD) is characterized by an inability to lift the foot against gravity because of dorsiflexor muscle weakness. The aim of the present study is to report a clinical case of acute non-traumatic FD in patients with peroneal intraneural ganglion, after performing a scoping review on the methodological management of this disease. METHODS We performed a review of the literature and reported the case of a 49-year-old man with acute FD caused by an intraneural ganglion cyst of the peroneal nerve. RESULTS Out of a total of 201 articles, 3 were suitable for our review beyond our case report. The acute FD caused by peroneal intraneural ganglion can be managed by a careful clinical-instrumental differential diagnosis. A targeted surgery with subsequent rehabilitation produced a satisfactory motor recovery. CONCLUSIONS Acute FD requires an appropriate diagnostic-therapeutic framework to identify and effectively treat the causes in order to promote complete recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Della Vecchia
- Department of Women, Child, General and Specialistic Surgery, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Alfonso Baldi
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Maria Beatrice Passavanti
- Department of Women, Child, General and Specialistic Surgery, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Lucariello
- Department of Sport Sciences and Wellness, University of Naples "Parthenope", 80100 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio De Luca
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo De Blasiis
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80131 Naples, Italy
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Mone P, Martinelli G, Lucariello A, Leo AL, Marro A, De Gennaro S, Marzocco S, Moriello D, Frullone S, Cobellis L, Santulli G. Extended-release metformin improves cognitive impairment in frail older women with hypertension and diabetes: preliminary results from the LEOPARDESS Study. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2023; 22:94. [PMID: 37085892 PMCID: PMC10122301 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-023-01817-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women have a high risk of frailty independently of age and menopause state. Diabetes and hypertension increase the risk of frailty and cognitive impairment. Metformin has been employed in post-menopausal women and some reports have shown encouraging effects in terms of attenuated frailty. However, the impact on cognitive performance of a recently introduced extended-release formulation of metformin has never been explored. METHODS We studied consecutive frail hypertensive and diabetic older women presenting at the ASL (local health authority of the Italian Ministry of Health) Avellino, Italy, from June 2021 to August 2022, who were treated or not with extended-release metformin. We included a control group of frail older males with diabetes and hypertension treated with extended-release metformin and a control group of frail older women with diabetes and hypertension treated with regular metformin. RESULTS A total of 145 patients successfully completed the study. At the end of the 6-month follow-up, we observed a significantly different cognitive performance compared to baseline in the group of frail women treated with extended-release metformin (p: 0.007). Then, we compared the follow-up groups and we observed significant differences between frail women treated vs. untreated (p: 0.041), between treated frail women and treated frail men (p: 0.016), and between women treated with extended-release metformin vs. women treated with regular metformin (p: 0.048). We confirmed the crucial role of extended-release metformin applying a multivariable logistic analysis to adjust for potential confounders. CONCLUSIONS We evidenced, for the first time to the best of our knowledge, the favorable effects on cognitive impairment of extended-release metformin in frail women with diabetes and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Mone
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes Research (FIDAM), Einstein - Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, NY, USA.
- ASL Avellino, Avellino, Italy.
- University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Luigi Cobellis
- University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Gaetano Santulli
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes Research (FIDAM), Einstein - Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, NY, USA.
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation (INI), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, NY, USA.
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Mone P, Kansakar U, Lucariello A, Marro A, Pansini A, Varzideh F, Nittolo G, De Angelis L, Trimarco V, Martinelli G, De Luca A, Santulli G. Choline Supplementation Improves Cognitive Performance in Frail Hypertensive Patients: Novel Insights on Endothelial Function from the INTERVENTIONIST Study. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2023:zwad120. [PMID: 37070474 PMCID: PMC10582200 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwad120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Mone
- Department of Medicine (Division of Cardiology), Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation (INI), Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 10461, New York City, NY, USA
- Avellino Local Health Unit (ASL AV) of the Italian Ministry of Health, 83100, Avellino, Italy
| | - Urna Kansakar
- Department of Medicine (Division of Cardiology), Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation (INI), Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 10461, New York City, NY, USA
| | | | - Anna Marro
- Avellino Local Health Unit (ASL AV) of the Italian Ministry of Health, 83100, Avellino, Italy
| | - Antonella Pansini
- Avellino Local Health Unit (ASL AV) of the Italian Ministry of Health, 83100, Avellino, Italy
| | - Fahimeh Varzideh
- Department of Medicine (Division of Cardiology), Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation (INI), Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 10461, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Giovanna Nittolo
- Avellino Local Health Unit (ASL AV) of the Italian Ministry of Health, 83100, Avellino, Italy
| | - Lino De Angelis
- Avellino Local Health Unit (ASL AV) of the Italian Ministry of Health, 83100, Avellino, Italy
| | - Valentina Trimarco
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences, and Dentistry, “Federico II” University Hospital, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Martinelli
- Naples Local Health Unit (ASL NA) of the Italian Ministry of Health, 80128, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio De Luca
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Gaetano Santulli
- Department of Medicine (Division of Cardiology), Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation (INI), Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 10461, New York City, NY, USA
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, “Federico II” University Hospital, International Translational Research and Medical Education (ITME) Consortium, Academic Research Unit, 80134, Naples, Italy
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), The Norman Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 10461, New York City, NY, USA
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Perna A, Tani A, Sellitto C, Marini M, La Verde M, De Luca A, Guerra G, Lucariello A, Manetti M, Sgambati E. Sialylation status in placentas from pregnancies with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Tissue Cell 2023; 82:102074. [PMID: 36948081 PMCID: PMC10019918 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recent investigations suggest the potential negative impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on pregnant women and pregnancy outcome. In addition, some studies have described pathological changes in the placental tissue of SARS-CoV-2-positive mothers, which are related or not to the infection severity and/or infection trimester. Among the various molecules involved in the normal structure and functionality of the placenta, sialic acids (Sias) seem to play an important role. Hence, we aimed to investigate possible changes in the distribution and content of Sias with different glycosidic linkages, namely α2,3 and α2,6 Galactose- or N-acetyl-Galactosamine-linked Sias and polymeric Sia (PolySia), in placentas from pregnant women infected by SARS-CoV-2 during the three different pregnancy trimesters. METHODS α2,3 and α2,6 Galactose-linked Sias were evaluated by lectin histochemistry (Maackia amurensis agglutinin (MAA) and Sambucus nigra agglutinin (SNA), respectively), while immunohistochemistry was used for PolySia detection. RESULTS Data showed lower levels of α2,3 Galactose-linked Sias in the trophoblast and underlying basement membrane/basal plasma membrane in placentas from women infected during the second and third infection trimester compared with uninfected cases and those infected during first trimester. On the other hand, higher levels of PolySia were detected in the trophoblast during the second and third infection trimester. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that changes in the sialylation status of trophoblast and its basement membrane/basal plasma membrane, together with other concomitant factors, could be at the basis of the most common placental histopathological alterations and gestational complications found especially in pregnancies with SARS-CoV-2 infection during the second and third trimester.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelica Perna
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Alessia Tani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, Imaging Platform, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Carmine Sellitto
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Mirca Marini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, Imaging Platform, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Marco La Verde
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio De Luca
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Germano Guerra
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Angela Lucariello
- Department of Sport Sciences and Wellness, University of Naples "Parthenope", Naples, Italy
| | - Mirko Manetti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, Imaging Platform, University of Florence, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Eleonora Sgambati
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, Contrada Fonte Lappone, 86090 Pesche (Isernia), Italy.
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Perna A, Carleo MA, Mascolo S, Guida A, Contieri M, Sellitto C, Hay E, De Blasiis P, Lucariello A, Guerra G, Baldi A, De Luca A, Maggi P, Esposito V. Adipocyte differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells under tenofovir alafenamide, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, and integrase strand transfer inhibitors selective challenge: an in-vitro model. AIDS 2023; 37:561-570. [PMID: 36504092 PMCID: PMC9994803 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000003455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) are a class of antiretroviral therapy (ART) medications with a good tolerability profile and a high genetic barrier to HIV drug resistance. However, several studies report significant weight gain among persons receiving INSTI-based ART regimens compared with other regimens. DESIGN In-vitro model of adipogenesis. METHODS We used 3T3-L1 cells to investigate the effects of the nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and tenofovir alafenamide (TAF), alone or in combination with INSTIs: raltegravir (RAL), elvitegravir (ELV), dolutegravir (DTG), and bictegravir (BIC) on adipose differentiation. To monitor adipocyte differentiation, expression levels of PPARɣ and C/EBPα and the intracellular lipid accumulation by Red Oil staining were used. Furthermore, we evaluated the immunohistochemical expression of ER-TR7, a fibroblastic marker, after INSTIs treatment. RESULTS Compared with control, INSTIs were able to increase adipogenesis, especially RAL and ELV. TAF and TDF inhibited adipogenesis alone and in combination with INSTIs. This ability was more evident when TAF was used in combination with DTG and BIC. Finally, INSTIs increased the expression of ER-TR7 compared with control and cells treated with TAF or TDF. CONCLUSION Our data support the evidence that in-vitro challenge of 3T3-L1 cells with INSTIs is able to increase adipocytic differentiation and to drive a number of these cells toward the expression of fibroblastic features, with a different degree according to the various drugs used whereas TAF and TDF have an antagonistic role on this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelica Perna
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “Vincenzo Tiberio”, University of Molise, Campobasso
| | - Maria A. Carleo
- Infectious Diseases and Gender Medicine Unit, Cotugno Hospital, AO dei Colli
| | - Silvia Mascolo
- Infectious Diseases and Gender Medicine Unit, Cotugno Hospital, AO dei Colli
| | - Alessandra Guida
- Infectious Diseases and Gender Medicine Unit, Cotugno Hospital, AO dei Colli
| | - Marcella Contieri
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”
| | - Carmine Sellitto
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”
| | - Eleonora Hay
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”
| | - Paolo De Blasiis
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”
| | - Angela Lucariello
- Department of Sport Sciences and Wellness, University of Naples “Parthenope”, Naples
| | - Germano Guerra
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “Vincenzo Tiberio”, University of Molise, Campobasso
| | - Alfonso Baldi
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Caserta, Italy
| | - Antonio De Luca
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”
| | - Paolo Maggi
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”
| | - Vincenzo Esposito
- Infectious Diseases and Gender Medicine Unit, Cotugno Hospital, AO dei Colli
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Perna A, Hay E, Sellitto C, Del Genio E, De Falco M, Guerra G, De Luca A, De Blasiis P, Lucariello A. Antiinflammatory Activities of Curcumin and Spirulina: Focus on Their Role against COVID-19. J Diet Suppl 2023; 20:372-389. [PMID: 36729019 DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2023.2173354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Nutraceuticals have for several years aroused the interest of researchers for their countless properties, including the management of viral infections. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, studies and research on the antiviral properties of nutraceuticals have greatly increased. More specifically, over the past two years, researchers have focused on analyzing the possible role of nutraceuticals in reducing the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection or mitigating the symptoms of COVID-19. Among nutraceuticals, turmeric, extracted from the rhizome of the Curcuma Longa plant, and spirulina, commercial name of the cyanobacterium Arthrospira platensis, have assumed considerable importance in recent years. The purpose of this review is to collect, through a search of the most recent articles on Pubmed, the scientific evidence on the role of these two compounds in the fight against COVID-19. In the last two years many hypotheses, some confirmed by clinical and experimental studies, have been made on the possible use of turmeric against COVID-19, while on spirulina and its possible role against SARS-CoV-2 infection information is much less. The demonstrated antiviral properties of spirulina and the fact that these cyanobacteria may modulate or modify some mechanisms also involved in the onset of COVID-19, lead us to think that it may have the same importance as curcumin in fighting this disease and to speculate on the possible combined use of these two substances to obtain a synergistic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelica Perna
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Eleonora Hay
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Carmine Sellitto
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Emiliano Del Genio
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Maria De Falco
- Department of Biology, University of Naples ''Federico II'', Naples, Italy
- National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems (INBB), Rome, Italy
- Center for Studies on Bioinspired Agro-Environmental Technology (BAT Center), Portici, Italy
| | - Germano Guerra
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Antonio De Luca
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo De Blasiis
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Lucariello
- Department of Sport Sciences and Wellness, University of Naples "Parthenope", Naples, Italy
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Sellitto C, Perna A, Mazzarella N, Leo G, Guerra G, De Luca A, De Blasiis P, Lucariello A. Role of physical exercise in an overlooked nutcracker syndrome occurred in a patient with diaphragmatic relaxation: a case report. G Ital Nefrol 2022; 39:39-06-2022-03. [PMID: 36655831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Background: Nutcracker syndrome (NCS) is caused by extrinsic compression of the left renal vein (LRV), usually between the abdominal aorta (AA) and superior mesenteric artery (SMA). This rare disease includes symptoms such as hematuria, left flank pain or abdominal pain, varicocele in males, proteinuria, anemia, gynecological symptoms (dyspareunia, dysmenorrhea). Case report: We report the case of a 48-year-old female patient, who experienced left abdominal colic after intensive physical exercise, finally resulting in a diagnosis of NCS. This abdominal pain was disabling for daily activities, it was controlled by analgesic drugs and led to hospital admissions. In-depth examinations were recommended to the patient to investigate the etiology of these attacks. A bad rotated and ectopic left kidney, which was located superior to the spleen, at the level of the left hemithorax base, was found due to the presence of a diaphragmatic relaxation in the posterior area, which caused an upward displacement of the kidney, part of the colon and omental fat. Because of the presence of a compression of the LRV by the SMA and the AA, the nephrologist diagnosed a NCS, presenting with abdominal pain following physical exercise, proteinuria and dysmenorrhea. Conservative treatment was chosen for the patient. Conclusions: The patient was recommended to engage in a moderate and regular physical activity, avoiding acute and intense exercise: hypopressive abdominal gymnastics was suggested. The role of physical exercise in triggering painful attacks and its role in rehabilitation to prevent the same attacks was crucial for the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmine Sellitto
- Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Angelica Perna
- Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Nicola Mazzarella
- Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Ginevra Leo
- Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Germano Guerra
- Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Antonio De Luca
- Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo De Blasiis
- Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Lucariello
- Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Sport Sciences and Wellness, University of Naples "Parthenope", Naples, Italy
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De Blasiis P, Fullin A, Sansone M, Perna A, Caravelli S, Mosca M, De Luca A, Lucariello A. Kinematic Evaluation of the Sagittal Posture during Walking in Healthy Subjects by 3D Motion Analysis Using DB-Total Protocol. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2022; 7:jfmk7030057. [PMID: 35997373 PMCID: PMC9472028 DOI: 10.3390/jfmk7030057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Posture can be evaluated by clinical and instrumental methods. Three-dimensional motion analysis is the gold standard for the static and dynamic postural assessment. Conventional stereophotogrammetric protocols are used to assess the posture of pelvis, hip, knee, ankle, trunk (considered as a single segment) and rarely head and upper limbs during walking. A few studies also analyzed the multi-segmental trunk and whole-body kinematics. Aim of our study was to evaluate the sagittal spine and the whole-body during walking in healthy subjects by 3D motion analysis using a new marker set. Fourteen healthy subjects were assessed by 3D-Stereophotogrammetry using the DB-Total protocol. Excursion Range, Absolute Excursion Range, Average, intra-subject Coefficient of Variation (CV) and inter-subject Standard Deviation Average (SD Average) of eighteen new kinematic parameters related to sagittal spine and whole-body posture were calculated. The analysis of the DB-Total parameters showed a high intra-subject (CV < 50%) and a high inter-subject (SD Average < 1) repeatability for the most of them. Kinematic curves and new additional values were reported. The present study introduced new postural values characterizing the sagittal spinal and whole-body alignment of healthy subjects during walking. DB-Total parameters may be useful for understanding multi-segmental body biomechanics and as a benchmark for pathological patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo De Blasiis
- Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Luciano Armanni 5, 80138 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +081-458-225
| | - Allegra Fullin
- Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Luciano Armanni 5, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Sansone
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology (DIETI), University of Naples Federico II, Via Claudio 21, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Angelica Perna
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “Vincenzo Tiberio”, University of Molise, Via F. De Santis, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Silvio Caravelli
- II Clinic of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Mosca
- II Clinic of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonio De Luca
- Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via Luciano Armanni 5, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Lucariello
- Department of Sport Sciences and Wellness, University of Naples “Parthenope”, 80100 Naples, Italy
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Sellitto C, Corbi G, Stefanelli B, Manzo V, Trucillo M, Charlier B, Mensitieri F, Izzo V, Lucariello A, Perna A, Guerra G, De Luca A, Filippelli A, Conti V. Antioxidant Supplementation Hinders the Role of Exercise Training as a Natural Activator of SIRT1. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14102092. [PMID: 35631233 PMCID: PMC9146003 DOI: 10.3390/nu14102092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Exercise training (ET) is a natural activator of silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (SIRT1), a stress-sensor able to increase the endogenous antioxidant system. SIRT1 activators include polyphenols and vitamins, the antioxidant properties of which are well-known. Antioxidant supplements are used to improve athletic performance. However, they might blunt ET-related benefits. Middle-distance runners (MDR) taking (MDR-S) or not taking antioxidant supplements (MDR-NoS) were compared with each other and with sedentary subjects (CTR) to evaluate the ET effects on SIRT1 levels and oxidative stress, and to investigate whether an exogenous source of antioxidants could interfere with such effects. Thirty-two MDR and 14 CTR were enrolled. MDR-S took 240 mg vitamin C and 15 mg vitamin E together with mineral salts. SIRT1 mRNA and activity were measured in PBMCs. Total oxidative status (TOS) and total antioxidant capacity (TEAC) were determined in plasma. MDR showed higher levels of SIRT1 mRNA (p = 0.0387) and activity (p = 0.0055) than did CTR. MDR-NoS also showed higher levels than did MDR-S without reaching statistical significance. SIRT1 activity was higher (p = 0.0012) in MDR-NoS (1909 ± 626) than in MDR-S (1276 ± 474). TOS did not differ among the groups, while MDR showed higher TEAC levels than did CTR (2866 ± 581 vs. 2082 ± 560, p = 0.0001) as did MDR-S (2784 ± 643) and MDR-NoS (2919 ± 551) (MDR-S vs. CTR, p = 0.0007 and MDR-NoS vs. CTR, p = 0.003). TEAC (β = 0.4488356, 95% CI 0.2074645 0.6902067; p < 0.0001) and the MDR-NoS group (β = 744.6433, 95% CI 169.9954 1319.291; p= 0.012) predicted SIRT1 activity levels. Antioxidant supplementation seems to hinder the role of ET as a natural activator of SIRT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmine Sellitto
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, Medicina Traslazionale dello Sviluppo e dell’Invecchiamento Attivo, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (C.S.); (B.C.)
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit, San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona University Hospital, Via San Leonardo 1, 84131 Salerno, Italy; (V.M.); (A.F.); (V.C.)
| | - Graziamaria Corbi
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy; (A.P.); (G.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-(0)8-7440-4771
| | - Berenice Stefanelli
- Postgraduate School of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy;
| | - Valentina Manzo
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit, San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona University Hospital, Via San Leonardo 1, 84131 Salerno, Italy; (V.M.); (A.F.); (V.C.)
| | - Marta Trucillo
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.T.); (A.D.L.)
| | - Bruno Charlier
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, Medicina Traslazionale dello Sviluppo e dell’Invecchiamento Attivo, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (C.S.); (B.C.)
| | - Francesca Mensitieri
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (F.M.); (V.I.)
| | - Viviana Izzo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (F.M.); (V.I.)
| | - Angela Lucariello
- Department of Sport Sciences and Wellness, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Naples “Parthenope”, 80100 Naples, Italy;
| | - Angelica Perna
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy; (A.P.); (G.G.)
| | - Germano Guerra
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy; (A.P.); (G.G.)
| | - Antonio De Luca
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.T.); (A.D.L.)
| | - Amelia Filippelli
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit, San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona University Hospital, Via San Leonardo 1, 84131 Salerno, Italy; (V.M.); (A.F.); (V.C.)
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (F.M.); (V.I.)
| | - Valeria Conti
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit, San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona University Hospital, Via San Leonardo 1, 84131 Salerno, Italy; (V.M.); (A.F.); (V.C.)
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry “Scuola Medica Salernitana”, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (F.M.); (V.I.)
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DE Blasiis P, Fullin A, Caravaggi P, Lus G, Melone MA, Sampaolo S, DE Luca A, Lucariello A. Long-term effects of asymmetrical posture in boxing assessed by baropodometry. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2021; 62:350-355. [PMID: 34137570 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.21.12040-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asymmetrical posture maintained over long training periods may affect phenotypic plasticity, resulting functional to sporting goal but negative to the locomotor system. Aim of this study was to quantitatively evaluate these long-term effects in competitive boxers. METHODS Baropodometric analysis was used to assess 20 competitive boxers and 20 non-sportsmen in upright bipedal posture for 5 s and for 51.2 s with open (OE) and closed (CE) eyes. RESULTS The boxers' group (BOX) showed a larger total foot load (TFL) (p=0.022) on the right foot and a larger rearfoot load (RfL) (p=0.011) on the left foot compared to non-sport controls (CTR). Moreover, a larger forefoot load (FfL) (p=0.001) on the right foot respect to left one was found in the BOX group, with the inversion of the RfL to FfL ratio (p=0.001) between two feet, while no significant differences were found in the CTR group. These findings, associated to a significantly larger center of foot angle (COF) in the BOX group, may indicate an anticlockwise rotation of the anatomical structures above the ankle joint of the right hemisoma respect to the left one, that appears to be consistent with the orthodox stance. Eventually, the BOX group showed a larger centre-of-pressure sway area (COPsa) in the OE condition than what measured in the CE and a significant difference in Romberg Index (BOX< CTR). CONCLUSIONS The results of this study seem to confirm the theory of neuromuscular plasticity imprinted by the repetitive movements and long-lasting postures. Moreover, competitive boxers show an increase of proprioceptive function and a decrease of visual dependence on the postural control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo DE Blasiis
- 2nd Division of Neurology, Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy - .,Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy -
| | - Allegra Fullin
- 2nd Division of Neurology, Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Caravaggi
- Movement Analysis Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giacomo Lus
- 2nd Division of Neurology, Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Mariarosa A Melone
- 2nd Division of Neurology, Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Simone Sampaolo
- 2nd Division of Neurology, Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio DE Luca
- Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Lucariello
- Department of Sport Sciences and Wellness, University of Naples Parthenope, Naples, Italy
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Perna A, Hay E, Contieri M, De Luca A, Guerra G, Lucariello A. Adherent-invasive Escherichia coli (AIEC): Cause or consequence of inflammation, dysbiosis, and rupture of cellular joints in patients with IBD? J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:5041-5049. [PMID: 31898324 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
There are many factors contributing to the development of gastrointestinal diseases, grouped into genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. In recent years attention has fallen on pathogens; in particular, Bacteroides fragilis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Helicobacter pylori have been studied. Several points remain to be clarified, and above all, as regards the adherent-invasive E. coli strains of E. coli, one wonders if they are a cause or a consequence of the disease. In this review, we have tried to clarify some points by examining a series of recent publications regarding the involvement of the bacterium in the pathology, even if other studies are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelica Perna
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Eleonora Hay
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Marcella Contieri
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio De Luca
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Germano Guerra
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Angela Lucariello
- Department of Sport Sciences and Wellness, University of Naples "Parthenope", Naples, Italy
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De Bernardo G, Lucariello A, Saggese A, Giordano M, Sordino D, Buonomo C, Gisone S, De Luca A, Guerra G, Perna A. Bilateral Wilms tumor with neonatal onset and the importance of prenatal diagnosis. J Renal Inj Prev 2019. [DOI: 10.15171/jrip.2019.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Wilms tumor (WT) occurs in 1:10.000 live births and affects mainly the unilateral kidney. The National Wilms Tumor Study Group registered 6832 patients with WT from 1969 to January 1993, out of whom only 11 patients (0.16%) were newborns. Since 1969, 14 cases of prenatal diagnosis of WT have been reported in literature, two of which were bilateral WT. Currently, the patients’ survival rate is greater than 90%, owing to a combination of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy for high-risk patients. We report a case of bilateral WT, undiagnosed during the prenatal period due to the incomplete evaluation of the abdomen with ultrasonography. The newborn was vaginally delivered at 40 weeks’ gestational age with a good perinatal adaptation. Suddenly, during the night the newborn showed respiratory distress, bradycardia and then respiratory arrest. For this reason, he was ventilated, intubated and subjected to conventional mechanical ventilation. Despite the normal cardiac ultrasonography, the health care providers suspected a cyanotic congenital heart disease with duct dependency. After a gradual resumption of the oximetry and blood pressure, the infant was transported by the neonatal emergency transport system to the Cardiac Pediatric Surgery Department of a level III hospital. There, the clinical condition became extremely serious and the infant died of asystole. During autopsy, two large tumoral masses were found in both kidneys, also the characterization of the tumors was done through histological exam, which confirmed the diagnosis of WT. A prenatal diagnosis of WT is very important because the families can take advantage of prenatal counseling to understand the risks of continuing the pregnancy and to evaluate the need for abortion, while health care providers can prepare to face a difficult delivery. The review of the literature suggests that prenatal diagnosis of bilateral WT is possible. During prenatal age, the complete assessment of the abdomen with ultrasonography and Eco-Color-Doppler can reveal kidney anomalies and raise suspicion of diseases with urinary malformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe De Bernardo
- Department of Mother’s and Child’s Health – Fondazione Poliambulanza Istituto Ospedaliero Brescia, Italy
| | - Angela Lucariello
- Department of Sport Sciences and Wellness, University of Naples “Parthenope”, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Saggese
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Maurizio Giordano
- Department of Mother’s and Child’s Health – Fondazione Poliambulanza Istituto Ospedaliero Brescia, Italy
| | - Desiree Sordino
- Department of Mother’s and Child’s Health – Fondazione Poliambulanza Istituto Ospedaliero Brescia, Italy
| | - Carmela Buonomo
- UOC Pathological Anatomy A.O.R.N. Sant’Anna-San Sebastiano, Caserta, Italy
| | - Stefano Gisone
- Department of Mental Health and Preventive Medicine, section of Human Anatomy, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli” Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio De Luca
- Department of Mental Health and Preventive Medicine, section of Human Anatomy, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli” Naples, Italy
| | - Germano Guerra
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “Vincenzo Tiberio”, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Angelica Perna
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “Vincenzo Tiberio”, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
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Esposito T, Lucariello A, Hay E, Contieri M, Tammaro P, Varriale B, Guerra G, De Luca A, Perna A. Effects of curcumin and its adjuvant on TPC1 thyroid cell line. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 305:112-118. [PMID: 30935902 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that different curcumin extracts are able to influence cell metabolic activity vitality in human papillary thyroid carcinoma TPC-1 cells. We continued the study using the most effective extract and adding other nutraceuticals such as piperine and vitamin E, in order to define the possible role of these in modulating the genetic expression of cell markers and to understand the effectiveness in modulating the regression of cancer phenotype. Cells were treated with one extract of curcumin (Naturex® Ultimate Botanical Benefits), with Piperine (Piper Longum, A.C.E.F.) and Vitamin E (Dry Vitamin E-Acetate 50% DC, BASF) alone and in combination, dissolved in the culture medium, for 48 h. Treatment with the different nutraceuticals is able to influence cell cycle regulators (cyclin D1, β-catenin, p21, p53) and activators or inhibitors of apoptosis (BAX, pro-caspase3, Bcl-2). They are able to influence cell cycle distribution and metabolic activity vitality. The inhibitory effect of curcumin, piperine and vitamin E on cell proliferation involves different markers, and in particular inhibits β-catenin, cyclinD1 and p53, making them candidates for a possible use in alternative therapies although further studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Esposito
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Molecular Genetics Laboratory, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Costantinopoli 16, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Lucariello
- Department of Sport Sciences and Wellness, University of Naples "Parthenope", 80100, Naples, Italy
| | - Eleonora Hay
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Costantinopoli 16, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Marcella Contieri
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Costantinopoli 16, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Pasquale Tammaro
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Molecular Genetics Laboratory, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Costantinopoli 16, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Bruno Varriale
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Molecular Genetics Laboratory, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Costantinopoli 16, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Germano Guerra
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio", University of Molise, Via F. De Santis, 86100, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Antonio De Luca
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Via Costantinopoli 16, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - Angelica Perna
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio", University of Molise, Via F. De Santis, 86100, Campobasso, Italy.
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Zuccolo E, Laforenza U, Ferulli F, Pellavio G, Scarpellino G, Tanzi M, Turin I, Faris P, Lucariello A, Maestri M, Kheder DA, Guerra G, Pedrazzoli P, Montagna D, Moccia F. Stim and Orai mediate constitutive Ca 2+ entry and control endoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+ refilling in primary cultures of colorectal carcinoma cells. Oncotarget 2018; 9:31098-31119. [PMID: 30123430 PMCID: PMC6089563 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) provides a major Ca2+ entry route in cancer cells. SOCE is mediated by the assembly of Stim and Orai proteins at endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-plasma membrane junctions upon depletion of the ER Ca2+ store. Additionally, Stim and Orai proteins underpin constitutive Ca2+ entry in a growing number of cancer cell types due to the partial depletion of their ER Ca2+ reservoir. Herein, we investigated for the first time the structure and function of SOCE in primary cultures of colorectal carcinoma (CRC) established from primary tumor (pCRC) and metastatic lesions (mCRC) of human subjects. Stim1-2 and Orai1-3 transcripts were equally expressed in pCRC and mCRC cells, although Stim1 and Orai3 proteins were up-regulated in mCRC cells. The Mn2+-quenching technique revealed that constitutive Ca2+ entry was significantly enhanced in pCRC cells and was inhibited by the pharmacological and genetic blockade of Stim1, Stim2, Orai1 and Orai3. The larger resting Ca2+ influx in pCRC was associated to their lower ER Ca2+ content as compared to mCRC cells. Pharmacological and genetic blockade of Stim1, Stim2, Orai1 and Orai3 prevented ER-dependent Ca2+ release, thereby suggesting that constitutive SOCE maintains ER Ca2+ levels. Nevertheless, pharmacological and genetic blockade of Stim1, Stim2, Orai1 and Orai3 did not affect CRC cell proliferation and migration. These data provide the first evidence that Stim and Orai proteins mediate constitutive Ca2+ entry and replenish ER with Ca2+ in primary cultures of CRC cells. However, SOCE is not a promising target to design alternative therapies for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estella Zuccolo
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Federica Ferulli
- Laboratory of Immunology Transplantation, Foundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giorgia Pellavio
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giorgia Scarpellino
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Matteo Tanzi
- Laboratory of Immunology Transplantation, Foundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Ilaria Turin
- Laboratory of Immunology Transplantation, Foundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Pawan Faris
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Biology, College of Science, Salahaddin University, Erbil, Kurdistan-Region of Iraq, Iraq
| | - Angela Lucariello
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Marcello Maestri
- Unit of General Surgery, Foundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Dlzar Ali Kheder
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Biology, University of Zakho, Zakho, Kurdistan-Region of Iraq, Iraq
| | - Germano Guerra
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Paolo Pedrazzoli
- Medical Oncology, Foundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Daniela Montagna
- Laboratory of Immunology Transplantation, Foundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Sciences Clinic-Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesco Moccia
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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19
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Guerra G, Lucariello A, Perna A, Botta L, De Luca A, Moccia F. The Role of Endothelial Ca 2+ Signaling in Neurovascular Coupling: A View from the Lumen. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E938. [PMID: 29561829 PMCID: PMC5979341 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19040938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurovascular coupling (NVC) is the mechanism whereby an increase in neuronal activity (NA) leads to local elevation in cerebral blood flow (CBF) to match the metabolic requirements of firing neurons. Following synaptic activity, an increase in neuronal and/or astrocyte Ca2+ concentration leads to the synthesis of multiple vasoactive messengers. Curiously, the role of endothelial Ca2+ signaling in NVC has been rather neglected, although endothelial cells are known to control the vascular tone in a Ca2+-dependent manner throughout peripheral vasculature. METHODS We analyzed the literature in search of the most recent updates on the potential role of endothelial Ca2+ signaling in NVC. RESULTS We found that several neurotransmitters (i.e., glutamate and acetylcholine) and neuromodulators (e.g., ATP) can induce dilation of cerebral vessels by inducing an increase in endothelial Ca2+ concentration. This, in turn, results in nitric oxide or prostaglandin E2 release or activate intermediate and small-conductance Ca2+-activated K⁺ channels, which are responsible for endothelial-dependent hyperpolarization (EDH). In addition, brain endothelial cells express multiple transient receptor potential (TRP) channels (i.e., TRPC3, TRPV3, TRPV4, TRPA1), which induce vasodilation by activating EDH. CONCLUSIONS It is possible to conclude that endothelial Ca2+ signaling is an emerging pathway in the control of NVC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Germano Guerra
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio", University of Molise, via F. De Santis, 86100 Campobasso, Italy.
| | - Angela Lucariello
- Department of Mental Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", 81100 Naples, Italy.
| | - Angelica Perna
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio", University of Molise, via F. De Santis, 86100 Campobasso, Italy.
| | - Laura Botta
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, via Forlanini 6, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Antonio De Luca
- Department of Mental Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", 81100 Naples, Italy.
| | - Francesco Moccia
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, via Forlanini 6, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
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20
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Coppola N, Perna A, Lucariello A, Martini S, Macera M, Carleo MA, Guerra G, Esposito V, De Luca A. Effects of treatment with Maraviroc a CCR5 inhibitor on a human hepatic stellate cell line. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:6224-6231. [PMID: 29336497 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
After an acute liver damage, tissue regeneration repairs lesions with degradation of deposed fibrotic material, while mechanisms of tissue restoration are persistently activated following several repeated injuries, inducing deposition of extracellular matrix. (ECM). Factors responsible for ECM remodeling have been identified in a pathway involving a family of zinc-dependent enzyme matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), together with tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). Recent experimental models suggested a role of CCR5 receptor in the genesis of liver fibrosis. Drawing from these background we decided to evaluate the effects of the treatment with the CCR5 inhibitor Maraviroc on LX-2, a human hepatic stellate cell line (HSC). Treatment with Maraviroc resulted in a block in S phase of LX-2 cells with increased expression levels of cyclin D1 and p21 while the expression of p53 was reduced. Treatment with Maraviroc was also able to block the accumulation of fibrillar collagens and extracellular matrix proteins (ECM), as demonstrated by the decrease of specific markers as Collagen type I, α-SMA, and TGF-β1. In addition we observed a down regulation of both metalloproteins (MMP-2, MMP-9), used for the degradation of the extracellular matrix and their inhibitors (TIMP-1, TIMP-2). The identification of a compound that may modulate the dynamic of liver fibrosis could be crucial in all chronic liver diseases. Maraviroc could play an important role because, in addition to its own anti-HIV activity, it could reduce the release of pro-inflammatory citokynes implicated in liver fibrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Coppola
- Department of Mental Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Angelica Perna
- Department of Mental Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Lucariello
- Department of Mental Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Salvatore Martini
- Department of Mental Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Margherita Macera
- Department of Mental Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Maria A Carleo
- Department of Infectious Disease and Infectiuos Emergencies, Immunodepression and Systemic Infections Unit, Naples, Italy
| | - Germano Guerra
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, Molise, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Esposito
- Department of Infectious Disease and Infectious Emergencies, General Infectious Diseases Unit, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio De Luca
- Department of Mental Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
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21
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Moccia F, Lucariello A, Guerra G. TRPC3-mediated Ca 2+ signals as a promising strategy to boost therapeutic angiogenesis in failing hearts: The role of autologous endothelial colony forming cells. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:3901-3917. [PMID: 28816358 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are a sub-population of bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells that are released in circulation to restore damaged endothelium during its physiological turnover or rescue blood perfusion after an ischemic insult. Additionally, they may be mobilized from perivascular niches located within larger arteries' wall in response to hypoxic conditions. For this reason, EPCs have been regarded as an effective tool to promote revascularization and functional recovery of ischemic hearts, but clinical application failed to exploit the full potential of patients-derived cells. Indeed, the frequency and biological activity of EPCs are compromised in aging individuals or in subjects suffering from severe cardiovascular risk factors. Rejuvenating the reparative phenotype of autologous EPCs through a gene transfer approach has, therefore, been put forward as an alternative approach to enhance their therapeutic potential in cardiovascular patients. An increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration constitutes a pivotal signal for the activation of the so-called endothelial colony forming cells (ECFCs), the only known truly endothelial EPC subset. Studies from our group showed that the Ca2+ toolkit differs between peripheral blood- and umbilical cord blood (UCB)-derived ECFCs. In the present article, we first discuss how VEGF uses repetitive Ca2+ spikes to regulate angiogenesis in ECFCs and outline how VEGF-induced intracellular Ca2+ oscillations differ between the two ECFC subtypes. We then hypothesize about the possibility to rejuvenate the biological activity of autologous ECFCs by transfecting the cell with the Ca2+ -permeable channel Transient Receptor Potential Canonical 3, which selectively drives the Ca2+ response to VEGF in UCB-derived ECFCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Moccia
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Angela Lucariello
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, Universy of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Germano Guerra
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
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22
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Mazzarella G, Perna A, Marano A, Lucariello A, Rotondi Aufiero V, Sorrentino A, Melina R, Guerra G, Taccone FS, Iaquinto G, De Luca A. Pathogenic Role of Associated Adherent-InvasiveEscherichia coliin Crohn's Disease. J Cell Physiol 2017; 232:2860-2868. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Angelica Perna
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine; Section of Human Anatomy, Second University of Naples; Naples Italy
| | - Angela Marano
- Institute of Food Sciences-CNR; Lab. Immuno-Morphology; Avellino Italy
| | - Angela Lucariello
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine; Section of Human Anatomy, Second University of Naples; Naples Italy
| | | | - Alida Sorrentino
- Institute of Food Sciences-CNR; Lab. Immuno-Morphology; Avellino Italy
| | - Raffaele Melina
- Department of Gastroenterology; San G. Moscati Hospital; Avellino Italy
| | - Germano Guerra
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences; University of Molise; Molise Italy
| | - Fabio Silvio Taccone
- Department of Intensive Care, Erasme Hospital; Université Libre de Bruxelles; Brussels Belgium
| | - Gaetano Iaquinto
- Division of Gastroenterology; Santa Rita Hospital; Atripalda (Av) Italy
| | - Antonio De Luca
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine; Section of Human Anatomy, Second University of Naples; Naples Italy
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23
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Perna A, Lucariello A, Sellitto C, Agliata I, Carleo MA, Sangiovanni V, Esposito V, Guerra G, Cobellis L, De Luca A. Different Cell Cycle Modulation in SKOV-3 Ovarian Cancer Cell Line by Anti-HIV Drugs. Oncol Res 2017; 25:1617-1624. [PMID: 28390117 PMCID: PMC7841068 DOI: 10.3727/096504017x14905635363102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Antiretroviral drugs used for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have proven to be effective even against cancer. Drawing from this background, the aim of our research project was to evaluate the effects of anti-HIV drugs that belong to the nucleoside and nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor [NRTI; abacavir (ABC) and tenofovir (TDF)], nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor [NNRTI; efavirenz (EFV) and etravirine (ETR)], and protease inhibitor [PI; darunavir (DRV)] categories on ovarian adenocarcinoma cell line SKOV-3. Using FACS analysis, we observed that treatment with NRTIs and NNRTIs showed a block in the G0/G1 phase. In particular, ETR displayed a relevant block in the progression of the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle compared with the other examined drugs, and it also induced differentiation of SKOV-3 cells. In contrast, FACS analysis demonstrated that ABC and the PI inhibitor DRV showed no effect on the proliferation of cancer cells. DAPI (4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) staining demonstrated that cells treated with NNRTIs (EFV and ETR) presented more DNA damage compared with other treatments. Immunoblotting analysis demonstrated that TDF, EFV, and ETR were able to obtain a reduction in the expression of cyclin D1 and Rb hypophosphorylation, and an increase in p21 concentration. Finally, we observed that ETR also induced differentiation, as demonstrated by Western blot, with high levels of E-cadherin expression. Therefore, our study provides additional evidence supporting the in vitro cytotoxic effects of ETR and EFV. Furthermore, it promotes the hypothesis for their potential use as therapeutic agents in ovarian cancer.
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24
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Esposito V, Perna A, Lucariello A, Carleo MA, Viglietti R, Sangiovanni V, Coppola N, Guerra G, De Luca A, Chirianni A. Different Impact Of Antiretroviral Drugs On Bone Differentiation In An In Vitro Model. J Cell Biochem 2016; 116:2188-94. [PMID: 25808410 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Recently increasing emphasis is placed on preventive health and management of chronic comorbidities avoiding long-term toxicities of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Drawing from this background we decided to use the Saos-2, osteosarcoma cell line, as a cellular model, to evaluate the effects of some antiretroviral drugs such as abacavir (ABC), tenofovir (TDF), efavirenz (EFV), etravirine (ETR), and darunavir (DRV), on bone differentiation related pathways. According to our observation, treatment with TDF and ABC affects the ability of the cells to produce calcium deposits with a reduced expression of type I collagen gene and p21 mRNA, also increasing the activity of Wnt3a related pathway. On the other hand treatment with EFV and DRV was not related to any significant reduction of calcium deposits but displayed a decrease in the expression of Wnt3a at day 14 and Type I Collagen at day 7 compared with untreated cells, even if this last down regulation was not confirmed at day 14. Instead ETR administration to Saos-2 cells increases the calcium deposits collagen type I production, as a result of Wnt3a mRNA overexpression, and of an upregulation of collagen type I expression, being also the only drug able to increase the expression of p21 cdk inhibitor as further marker of terminal differentiation. In summary these data suggest the potential negative interference of TDF and ABC on bone differentiation. DRV and EFV partially affect collagen type I production, instead ETR facilitates a positive bone balance as a result of an increased osteoblasts terminal differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Angelica Perna
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, Second University of Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Lucariello
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, Second University of Naples, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Nicola Coppola
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Infection Diseases, Second University of Naples, Italy
| | - Germano Guerra
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso
| | - Antonio De Luca
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, Second University of Naples, Italy
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25
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De Falco M, Lucariello A, Iaquinto S, Esposito V, Guerra G, De Luca A. Molecular Mechanisms of Helicobacter pylori Pathogenesis. J Cell Physiol 2015; 230:1702-7. [PMID: 25639461 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infects 50% of mankind. The vast majority of H. pylori infection occurs in the developing countries where up to 80% of the middle-aged adults may be infected. Bacterial infection causes an inflammatory response that proceeds through a series of intermediated stages of precancerous lesions (gastritis, atrophy, intestinal metaplasia, and dysplasia). Among infected individuals, approximately 10% develops severe gastric lesions such as peptic ulcer disease, 1-3% progresses to gastric cancer (GC) with a low 5-year survival rate, and 0.1% develops mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT). GC is one of the most common cancer and the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. In this review, we have summarized the most recent papers about molecular mechanisms of H. pylori pathogenesis. The main important steps of H. pylori infection such as adhesion, entry in epithelial gastric cells, activation of intracellular pathways until epigenetic modifications have been described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria De Falco
- Department of Biology, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy; National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems (INBB), Rome, Italy
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26
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Cattaneo F, Guerra G, Parisi M, Lucariello A, De Luca A, De Rosa N, Mazzarella G, Bianco A, Ammendola R. Expression of Formyl-peptide Receptors in Human Lung Carcinoma. Anticancer Res 2015; 35:2769-2774. [PMID: 25964556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Formyl-peptide receptors (FPRs) are expressed in several tissues and cell types. The identification of markers involved in cell growth may further allow for molecular profiling of lung cancer. We investigated the possible role of FPRs as molecular markers in several types of lung carcinomas which is the main cause of cancer death worldwide. MATERIALS AND METHODS Tumor tissue samples were collected from six patients affected by lung cancer. Biopsies were analyzed for expression of FPR isoforms both in tumoral and peritumoral tissue by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), western blot and immunofluorescence. RESULTS Real-time PCR, western blot and immunofluorescence analyses showed that FPR expression is lower in types of human lung cancer tissues when compared to the surrounding peritumoral tissues. CONCLUSION The study of the mechanistic basis for the control of FPR expression in normal peritumoral versus tumoral tissues could provide the basis for new diagnostic and therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Cattaneo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Germano Guerra
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Melania Parisi
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Lucariello
- Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio De Luca
- Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Nicolina De Rosa
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Respiratory Sciences, Monaldi Hospital, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Gennaro Mazzarella
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Respiratory Sciences, Monaldi Hospital, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Bianco
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "V. Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Rosario Ammendola
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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27
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Lucariello A, Trabucco E, Boccia O, Perna A, Sellitto C, Castaldi MA, De Falco M, De Luca A, Cobellis L. Small leucine rich proteoglycans are differently distributed in normal and pathological endometrium. In Vivo 2015; 29:217-222. [PMID: 25792648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the woman's fertile period, the non-pregnant uterus is subject to constant cyclic changes. The complex mechanisms that control the balance among proliferation, differentiation, cell death and the structural remodeling of the extracellular matrix can contribute to the benign or malignant endometrial pathological state. The small leucine-rich proteoglycans (SLRPs) are important components of cell surface and extracellular matrices. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using immunohistochemistry, we showed that the distribution patterns of SLRPs were completely modified in the pathological compared to normal endometrium. RESULTS The expression of SLRPs was low/absent in all endometrial pathologies examined compared to normal endometrium. We observed an increase of lumican from proliferative to secretory phase of the endometrium and a decrease of fibromodulin, biglycan and decorin. In menopause endometrial tissue, the level of expression of fibromodulin, biglycan, decorin and lumican dramatically decreased. CONCLUSION The results revealed the prominence and importance of proteoglycans in the tissue architecture and extracellular matrix organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Lucariello
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Trabucco
- Department of Gynaecology, Obstetric and Reproductive Science, Second University of Studies of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Olga Boccia
- Department of Gynaecology, Obstetric and Reproductive Science, Second University of Studies of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Angelica Perna
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Carmine Sellitto
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria A Castaldi
- Department of Gynaecology, Obstetric and Reproductive Science, Second University of Studies of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria De Falco
- Department of Biology, Section of Evolutionary and Comparative Anatomy, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems (INBB), Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio De Luca
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Cobellis
- Department of Gynaecology, Obstetric and Reproductive Science, Second University of Studies of Naples, Naples, Italy
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28
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Mazzarella G, Lucariello A, Bianco A, Calabrese C, Thanassoulas T, Savarese L, Fiumarella A, Esposito V, DE Luca A. Exposure to submicron particles (PM1.0) from diesel exhaust and pollen allergens of human lung epithelial cells induces morphological changes of mitochondria tonifilaments and rough endoplasmic reticulum. In Vivo 2014; 28:557-561. [PMID: 24982222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In recent literature, little has been said regarding the morphological changes that occur in lung cells after treatment with particles and nanoparticles. Using an in vitro model of type-II lung epithelium (A549), we studied the effects of submicron particles (PM1.0), Parietaria officinalis (ALL), and PM1.0 + ALL together. To date several biochemical effects have been described, instead few data exist in literature regarding morphological events following these treatments, in particular we focused on the morphological changes and distribution of mitochondria, tonifilaments and rough endoplasmic reticulum, using a transmission electron microscopic (TEM) approach. After exposure to PM1.0 particles (PM1.0), Parietaria officinalis as allergen, and PM1.0 with P. officinalis, changes in the cytoplasmic area were observed, such as damage to mitochondria and morphological alterations of the tonifilaments and rough endoplasmic reticulum. The data obtained strongly support the hypothesis that cells in contact with submicron particles (PM1.0), or P. officinalis, undergo alteration of their metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gennaro Mazzarella
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Respiratory Sciences, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Lucariello
- Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Bianco
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Cecilia Calabrese
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Respiratory Sciences, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Theodoros Thanassoulas
- Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Leonilde Savarese
- Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Angelamaria Fiumarella
- Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Esposito
- Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio DE Luca
- Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
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Lucariello A, Cinelli M, DE Novellis A, Nikolopoulos C, Esposito V, Guerra G. Effects of the combined use of a dermal substitute with a cleansing process in the simulation of autologous skin: a pilot study. In Vivo 2014; 28:639-643. [PMID: 24982235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Historically, in severe trauma, such as extensive burns and large loss of substance of the soft tissues, increased emphasis is given to the survival of the traumatized person and less attention is placed on the recovery of the actual traumatized organ. Today, recovery of complete functionality of the injured part and the possibility of minimizing scars in order to make them as acceptable and invisible as possible are also important. The present study analyzed morphologically the events occurring in the wounds of patients in which a dermal substitute was used in combination with a cleansing process. Pre-treatment of the lesion by cleansing followed by the application of a biomaterial showed that in the tissue that forms, a reduced number of cells are present, the collagen is more undulating with interstitial spaces, and Langerhans cells are evident. In addition, these cells participate in the growth and turnover of keratinocytes. The mediating role of these elements would also be strongly dependent on the components of the extracellular matrix of the dermis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Lucariello
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, Second University of Naples, Italy
| | - Mariapia Cinelli
- Department of Biomorphological and Functional Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonello DE Novellis
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, Second University of Naples, Italy
| | - Charalampos Nikolopoulos
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, Second University of Naples, Italy
| | - Vicenzo Esposito
- Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Section of Human Anatomy, Second University of Naples, Italy
| | - Germano Guerra
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences; University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
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Filippini P, Liguori G, Scolastico C, Coppola N, Lucariello A, Marrocco C, Catania MR, Ortega De Luna L, Romano Carratelli C, Marinelli P, Sagnelli E, Rossano F. Prevalence of Genotypic Resistance to Nucleoside Analogues and Protease Inhibitors in Antiretroviral-Naive HIV Patients in Campania, Italy. J Chemother 2013; 16:534-9. [PMID: 15700844 DOI: 10.1179/joc.2004.16.6.534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of genotypic resistance to nucleoside analogues and protease inhibitors before and after 1997, the year of introduction of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) in Campania (Italy). Forty-eight plasma HIV-RNA positive patients who had not been previously treated for HIV infection (naïve) were enrolled in two Divisions of Infectious Diseases. The main demographic characteristics were collected for each subject and the primary mutant genotypes were sought only in HIV-RNA positive patients with viral loads higher than 10,000 copies/ml. The diagnosis of HIV infection dated back to before 1996 for 21 out of 48 patients and to after 2000 for the other 27. INNO-Line Probe Assay (LiPA) HIV-RT and INNO-LiPA HIV protease (Innogenetics, Italy) were used to detect mutations conferring resistance to zidovudine, didanosine, zalcitabine, lamivudine, stavudine, saquinavir, indinavir, rotonavir, nelfinavir and amprenavir. No mutations associated with primary resistance to nucleoside analogues and protease inhibitors were detected in the 21 patients who had acquired HIV infection before 1996, whereas one or more mutations were seen in three of the 27 (11.1%) patients with HIV infection diagnosed after 2000. This study confirms that LiPA is a suitable tool for epidemiological surveys of HIV genotypic primary resistance. Drug-resistant HIV-1 genotypes, resistant both to nucleoside analogues and protease inhibitors, were detected only in subjects who had acquired HIV infection after 2000, most of whom had zidovudine-resistant mutants. These data suggest that the introduction of HAART has brought about the circulation of drug-resistant HIV genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Filippini
- Dipartimento di Medicina Pubblica, Clinica e Preventiva, Sezione Malattie Infettive, Seconda Università di Napoli, Italy
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Lucariello A, Trabucco E, Sellitto C, Perna A, Costanzo C, Manzo F, Laforgia V, Cobellis L, De Luca A, De Falco M. Localization and modulation of NEDD8 protein in the human placenta. In Vivo 2013; 27:501-506. [PMID: 23812220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neural precursor cell-expressed, developmentally down-regulated-8 (NEDD8) is a 76-amino-acid ubiquitin-like polypeptide. NEDD8 affects the signaling of various molecules but the major cellular target proteins are cullins. The neddylation process is correlated closely with apoptosis, cell-cycle regulation, embryogenesis and development. AIM The purpose of the present work was to investigate NEDD8 distribution and expression in the human placenta during gestation. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 30 samples, 15 chorionic villous samples from first trimester and 15 from full-term placentae, were used for the immunohistochemical analysis of NEDD8 expression. The gestation period ranged from 5 to 40 weeks. RESULTS NEDD8 was highly expressed in the cytotrophoblast of the first trimester of gestation, whereas in the third trimester, it was localized in the endothelial cells and stroma of placental villi. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that NEDD8 may play an important role in the control of proliferation and differentiation of human placenta throughout pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Lucariello
- Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Second University of Naples, Via L. Armanni 5, 80138 Naples, Italy.
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Esposito M, Lucariello A, Costanzo C, Fiumarella A, Giannini A, Riccardi G, Riccio I. Differentiation of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells, WJ-MSCs, into chondrogenic cells in the presence of pulsed electromagnetic fields. In Vivo 2013; 27:495-500. [PMID: 23812219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
During cartilage regeneration, proliferation and differentiation of new chondrocytes are required and towards this goal, in humans electromagnetic stimulation has been used in order to increase the spontaneous regenerative capacity of bone and cartilage tissue. In vivo tissue engineering has pointed out that the absence of an abundant source of cells accelerating the healing process is a limiting factor in the ability to repair articular cartilage. Considering that the umbilical cord is a viable alternative source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), our study evaluated the possibility of a combined use of Wharton's jelly - mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) and pulsed electromagnetic field (PMEF). The first effect observed was that compared with the untreated cells, when the WJ-MSCs were treated with PMEF, there was an increase in the division of cells and a rapid increase in cell density and the morphological and biochemical data showed that the treatment with PMEF reduced the time to obtain chondrocyte cell differentiation and deposition of extracellular matrix. Taken together these data indicate the capacity of PEMF to induce early differentiation of WJ-MSCs cells towards cartilaginous tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Esposito
- Complex Unit of Orthopaedics, Hospital Buon Consiglio Fatebenefratelli, Naples, Italy
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Esposito V, Lucariello A, Savarese L, Cinelli MP, Ferraraccio F, Bianco A, De Luca A, Mazzarella G. Morphology changes in human lung epithelial cells after exposure to diesel exhaust micron sub particles (PM₁.₀) and pollen allergens. Environ Pollut 2012; 171:162-167. [PMID: 22922455 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2012.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2012] [Revised: 06/27/2012] [Accepted: 07/01/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In the recent literature there has been an increased interest in the effects of particulate matter on the respiratory tract. The objective of this study was to use an in vitro model of type II lung epithelium (A549) to evaluate the cell ability to take up sub-micron PM(1.0) particles (PM(1.0)), Parietaria officinalis (ALL), and PM(1.0) + ALL together. Morphological analysis performed by Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) showed that PM and ALL interacted with the cell surface, then penetrating into the cytoplasm. Each single treatment was able to point out a specific change in the morphology. The cells treated appear healthy and not apoptotic. The main effect was the increase of: multilamellar bodies, lysosomal enzymes, microvilli, and presence of vesicle/vacuoles containing particles. These observations demonstrate morphological and functional alterations related to the PM(1.0) and P. officinalis and confirm the induction of the inflammatory response in lung cells exposed to the inhalable particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Esposito
- Department of Medicine and Public Health, Section of Human Anatomy, Second University of Naples, Italy
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Esposito V, Manente L, Lucariello A, Perna A, Viglietti R, Gargiulo M, Parrella R, Parrella G, Baldi A, De Luca A, Chirianni A. Role of FAP48 in HIV‐associated lipodystrophy. J Cell Biochem 2012; 113:3446-54. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.24221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lucrezia Manente
- Department of Medicine and Public Health, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Lucariello
- Department of Medicine and Public Health, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Angelica Perna
- Department of Medicine and Public Health, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Alfonso Baldi
- Department of Biochemistry, Section of Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio De Luca
- Department of Medicine and Public Health, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
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Manente L, Lucariello A, Costanzo C, Viglietti R, Parrella G, Parrella R, Gargiulo M, De Luca A, Chirianni A, Esposito V. Suppression of pre adipocyte differentiation and promotion of adipocyte death by anti-HIV drugs. In Vivo 2012; 26:287-291. [PMID: 22351671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated the ability of anti-HIV drugs to interfere with normal cell cycle progression and to induce oxidative stress by perturbing the redox environment. Our results provide evidence that anti-HIV drugs have a differential effect on adipocyte cell cycle and differentiation, being able to modify the response to oxidative stress through an increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that compromises the induction of phase-2 and antioxidant enzymes. In detail, saquinavir, efavirenz, and stavudine exert antiadipogenic influences on the model 3T3-L1 cell line, perturbing the oxidative response and inducing of apoptosis. When considered together, the effects of anti-HIV drugs on 3T3-L1 pre adipocytes are distinct but commonly antiadipogenic, thus suggesting another additional possible mechanism by which antiretroviral therapies could contribute to lipoatrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucrezia Manente
- Department of Medicine and Public Health, Section of Human Anatomy, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
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36
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Mazzarella G, Bianco A, Lucariello A, Savarese L, Fiumarella A, Cerasuolo F, Ferraraccio F, De Luca A. Cardiovascular prosthetic surgery: an analysis of cellular and molecular patterns underlying valve implantation failure. In Vivo 2012; 26:271-275. [PMID: 22351669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac valves have a very complex microscopic architecture, this is due to the presence of many cell types and to the variegated stroma. From a morphological point of view, both physiological and pathological processes clearly show there to be an anatomic continuity between valve leaflets and perivalvular tissues; indeed, both component should be taken into consideration during thrombotic processes and in fibrous tissue formation. At present, morphological features are well known and classified, while little is known about histogenetic features: fibrous tissue formation and the role of the various types of adhesion molecules and cells which participate in this process still have to be fully elucidated. In the current study, we focused on the histological analysis of the pannus. In particular, we demonstrated that the true connective nature of the exuberant fibrous tissue was entirely composed of collagen/fibronectin fibre bundles and fibroblasts. Moreover we observed that the phlogistic infiltrates were composed of immune cells, mainly represented by CD4(+) and CD8(+) T lymphocytes. Finally we also tried to assess not only the degree of endothelial layer loss, but also the extent of revascularization in the exuberant fibrous tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gennaro Mazzarella
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Respiratory Sciences, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
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Esposito M, Lucariello A, Riccio I, Riccio V, Esposito V, Riccardi G. Differentiation of human osteoprogenitor cells increases after treatment with pulsed electromagnetic fields. In Vivo 2012; 26:299-304. [PMID: 22351673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) have become an important resource in developing strategies for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering, owing to their ability to renew and their potential for differentiation into cells of various types of tissues. Pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) stimulation has been used for several years in the treatment of fracture healing, with clinical beneficial effects, and several studies have demonstrated its capacity to increase bone tissue regeneration. In the present study, stromal cells of human bone marrow (BMSC), obtained from healthy donors, were appropriately expanded and underwent PEMF stimulation eight hours a day for fourteen days. Parameters such as proliferation and differentiation ability were evaluated on stimulated cultures. The evaluation of the marker expression was performed by RT-PCR for osteocalcin, by alkaline phosphatase quantitation and by histochemical stains. The results we obtained showed that BMSC treated with PEMF begin differentiation earlier than untreated BMSC, as shown by the markers used. The data show that PEMF is able to increase the osteogenic differentiation potential in adult mesenchymal cells isolated from young patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Esposito
- Department of Orthopedics, Traumatology, Rehabilitative and Plastic-Reconstructive Surgery, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
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38
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Mazzarella G, Esposito V, Bianco A, Ferraraccio F, Prati MV, Lucariello A, Manente L, Mezzogiorno A, De Luca A. Inflammatory effects on human lung epithelial cells after exposure to diesel exhaust micron sub particles (PM₁.₀) and pollen allergens. Environ Pollut 2012; 161:64-69. [PMID: 22230069 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2011.09.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2011] [Revised: 09/13/2011] [Accepted: 09/19/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Asthma is currently defined as a chronic inflammatory disease of the airway. Several evidence indicate that vehicle emissions in cities is correlated with the allergic respiratory diseases. In the present study, we evaluated in the A549 cells the production and release of IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13 after treatment with sub-micron PM(1.0) particles (PM(1.0)), Parietaria officinalis (ALL), and PM(1.0) + ALL together. Our data demonstrated that PM(1.0) + ALL together exhibited the greatest capacity to induce A549 cells to enhance the expression of IL-4 and IL-5 compared with the only PM(1.0) or ALL treatment. Interestingly, IL-13 that is necessary for allergen-induced airway hyper responsiveness, is increased in cells treated with PM(1.0) + ALL together, but is higher expressed when the cells are treated only with the allergen. Our data support the hypothesis that the urban environment damage the acinar lung units and activates cells of the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Mazzarella
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic and Respiratory Sciences, Second University of Naples, Italy
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39
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De Falco M, Manente L, Lucariello A, Baldi G, Fiore P, Laforgia V, Baldi A, Iannaccone A, De Luca A. Localization and distribution of wolframin in human tissues. Front Biosci (Elite Ed) 2012; 4:1986-98. [PMID: 22202014 DOI: 10.2741/519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Wolframin is a transmembrane glycoprotein of 890 aminoacids, encoded by WFS1 gene. WFS1 mutations are responsible for Wolfram syndrome, an autosomal recessive disorder. In the present paper, we first characterized the polyclonal wolframin antibody by dot blot. Secondly, we verified antibody specificity by western blotting using different human cell lines. Thirdly, we studied wolframin localization in human foetal (14-35 weeks) and adult tissues by immunohistochemistry. Wolframin expression was distributed in many organs, with different tissue and cell localization and expression levels. In foetal systems, wolframin expression was faint at 14-16 weeks and increased when development proceeded. In adult human tissues a variable positive staining was observed in both simple and stratified epithelia. A moderate wolframin expression was observed in liver and in the endocrine portion of the pancreas. In conclusion, our data suggest that this protein may have important roles in a number of different tissues, including many that are not known to be affected by WFS1-linked diseases. The immunopositivity in adult human tissues suggests that it may function maintaining physiological cellular homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria De Falco
- Department of Biological Sciences, Section of Evolutionary and Comparative Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES Nonylphenol (NP) is present ubiquitously in both aquatic and terrestrial environments. This compound is considered an important endocrine disruptor and its toxic/oestrogenic activity has been investigated in a number of in vitro and in vivo studies. Human exposure to NP may occur by cutaneous absorption, ingestion of contaminated food or water and inhalation. Moreover, while the cytotoxic effects of NP are known and studied, its effects on cell death and related mechanisms are not known. Our group decided to investigate NP effects on a gastric epithelial cell line (AGS), in particular NP effects on AGS cell cycle and apoptosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cell cycle was analysed by flow cytometry, p21 and p27 induction, and apoptosis was analysed by flow cytometry and annexin-V assays, Fas, Fas-L, caspase 8 and caspase 3 activation. RESULTS We have demonstrated that NP affected cell cycle and apoptosis in a time- and dose-dependent manner, reaching the most notable effect at concentration of 10(-7)m, for 48 h. Flow cytometry revealed that treatment with 10(-7) m NP led to accumulation of cells at G(2) /M transition and increased percentage population of apoptotic cells. Results have shown that NP at concentration 10(-7) m induced marked increase in Fas and Fas-L expression. Moreover, 10(7) m NP induced activation of caspases 8 and 3, but not activation of caspase 9. CONCLUSIONS The results reported suggest that gastric cells can be useful as screening population for appropriate study of developmental toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Manente
- Department of Medicine and Public Health, Section of Human Anatomy, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
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Liguori G, Di Onofrio V, Gallé F, Lucariello A, Albano L, Catania MR, Guida M. Candida albicans identification: comparison among nine phenotypic systems and a multiplex PCR. J Prev Med Hyg 2010; 51:121-124. [PMID: 21361117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Candida albicans is the most common fungal pathogen isolated from clinical samples and is also the most common yeast species carried as a commensal by healthy individuals although some non-C. albicans species account for an important number of infections. OBJECTIVES To compare nine phenotypic systems for C. albicans identification [API 20C AUX; RapID Yeast Identification panel (RYIP); Vitek2 ID-YST system; chromogenic media, CHRO-Magar, Oxoid Chromogenic Candida Agar (OCCA), Candida ID2, Candida Identification Agar, CandiSelect 4, and Chromalbicans Agar] with multiplex PCR. PATIENTS/METHODS A collection of 390 yeast strains was obtained by routine isolation from oral and vaginal swabs. All of the yeasts isolated were tested for germ tube formation, and then submitted to a multiplex PCR protocol tested in previous studies, and to nine phenotypical commercial methods, together with the reference ATCC strains. Comparison was limited to the ability of the tests to identify C. albicans. RESULTS 253 isolates were provisionally identified as C. albicans by germ tube, and their identities were further confirmed with the multiplex PCR. Sensitivity of phenotypical systems ranged from 81.9% (Vitek2) to 87.7% (Candida ID2 e CHROMagar). For specificity, the highest value was 96.8% for Candida ID2, and the lowest value (75.1%) was for Chromalbicans Agar. CONCLUSIONS Although with differences in discriminatory power, the methods tested showed overall acceptable levels of sensitivity and specificity respect to the multiplex PCR; therefore, all could be useful for C. albicans identification where molecular differentiation is not available.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Liguori
- Department of Studies of Institutions and Territorial Systems, University of Naples Parthenope, Italy.
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42
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Liguori G, Gallé F, Lucariello A, Di Onofrio V, Albano L, Mazzarella G, D'Amora M, Rossano F. Comparison between multiplex PCR and phenotypic systems for Candida spp. identification. New Microbiol 2010; 33:63-67. [PMID: 20402415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the performances of three phenotypic systems (RapID Yeast panel, Vitek2 YST card, and API 20 C AUX) and multiplex PCR for Candida spp. identification. Four-hundred and fifty clinical strains of Candida spp. were identified with the four systems and results of multiplex PCR were compared with those of phenotypic methods. The best correspondence was obtained between Multiplex PCR and API 20 C AUX (83.7%), but the other comparisons showed similar values (81.7% and 79.3% for Vitek2 and RapID Yeast panel respectively). The correspondence was lower for all the methods in identification of C. krusei; this may be of concern in addition to the azole resistance and the often endogenous origin of this yeast. In the comparison with the three phenotypic methods, multiplex PCR could be reliable and time-saving in the identification of Candida spp. for diagnostics purposes. Nowadays, a large variety of both traditional and molecular methods for Candida spp. identification are commercially available. Multiplex PCR applied in this study may be more rapid and sensitive than phenotypic systems, and less expensive than other molecular methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Liguori
- Chair of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Department of Studies of Institutions and Territorial Systems, "Parthenope" University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
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Liguori G, Di Onofrio V, Lucariello A, Gallé F, Signoriello G, Colella G, D’Amora M, Rossano F. Oral candidiasis: a comparison between conventional methods and multiplex polymerase chain reaction for species identification. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 24:76-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-302x.2008.00447.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Manente L, Perna A, Buommino E, Altucci L, Lucariello A, Citro G, Baldi A, Iaquinto G, Tufano MA, De Luca A. The Helicobacter pylori's protein VacA has direct effects on the regulation of cell cycle and apoptosis in gastric epithelial cells. J Cell Physiol 2008; 214:582-7. [PMID: 17786942 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.21242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we have evaluated the effects on cell cycle regulation of VacA alone and in combination with other two Helicobacter pylori proteins, cytotoxin-associated protein (CagA) and HspB, using the human gastric epithelial cells (AGS). Our results indicate that VacA alone was able to inhibit the G1 to S progression of the cell cycle. The VacA capacity of inhibiting cell progression from G1 to S phase was also observed when cells were co-transfected with CagA or HspB. Moreover, VacA over-expression caused apoptosis in AGS cells through activation of caspase 8 and even more of caspase 9, thus indicating an involvement of both the receptor-mediated and the mitochondrial pathways of apoptosis. Indeed, the two pathways probably can co-operate to execute cell death with a prevalence of the mitochondrial pathways. Our data taken together provide additional information to further enhance our understanding of the molecular mechanism by which H. pylori proteins alter the growth status of human gastric epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Manente
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
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45
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De Luca A, De Falco M, Manente L, Dattilo D, Lucariello A, Esposito V, Gnarini M, Citro G, Baldi A, Tufano MA, Iaquinto G. Helicobacter pylori heat shock protein B (HspB) localizes in vivo in the gastric mucosa and MALT lymphoma. J Cell Physiol 2008; 216:78-82. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.21376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Abstract
AIMS To determine the sensitivity and specificity of a multiplex PCR assay for the contemporary identification of major species involved in oral candidiasis, without extraction and purification of DNA from the samples under investigation; and evaluation of this method in comparison with routine phenotypic culture identification. METHODS 78 oral rinse solutions were collected. The concentrated oral rinse technique was used for a quantitative and qualitative study. Research and identification of Candida spp, with routine phenotypic culture identification (germ-tube test in serum at 37 degrees C for 3 hours and sugar assimilation strip analysis), were performed. Each sample was analysed with multiplex PCR directly on oral rinse solution. Samples giving discrepant results between routine phenotypic and PCR identification methods were resubcultured on CHROMagar Candida plates. The fungus-specific primers ITS1, ITS2, CA3, and CA4 were used. For the identification of other species (C kefyr, C famata and C dubliniensis), ITS1F, ITS1K, and ITS2D primers were designed. RESULTS Multiplex PCR correctly identified all samples, including those with single species, or with mixed species, negative samples and positive samples which appeared to be negative from routine phenotypic methods. CONCLUSION This multiplex PCR assay provides a rapid alternative to the conventional culture based technique for the identification and speciation of the most frequently isolated Candida species. The absence of an extraction method made identification of 10 species possible in a few hours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Liguori
- Chair of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Movement Sciences, University of Naples Parthenope, Naples, Italy.
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47
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Baldi A, De Crescenzo V, Giordano DR, Lamberti R, Perna A, Picone C, Lucariello A, Feroce F, Grattacaso S, De Luca A. Cystic nephroma: report of a case and review of the literature. In Vivo 2007; 21:895-896. [PMID: 18019431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Cystic nephroma is a rare benign cystic renal tumor, which has been only recently recognized as an exclusively adult histological entity. We present a case of cystic nephroma, together with clinical, radiological, histopathological and immunohistochemical findings. The histopathological differential diagnosis and immunohistochemical features that are potentially useful for refining this tumor are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Baldi
- Department of Biochemistry, Section of Pathology, Second University of Naples, Via L. Armanni 5, 80138 Naples, Italy.
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Liguori G, Spagnoli G, Agozzino E, Marinelli A, Signoriello G, Lucariello A, Albano L, Di Onofrio V, Cammarota B, Capozza G, Lombardi R, Marinelli P. [Biological risk in the operating room: microbiological monitoring of the environment and analysis of the associated variables]. Ann Ig 2005; 17:385-400. [PMID: 16353676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The authors present an environmental microbiological monitoring programme carried out over a period of 15 months in 16 operating theatres performing specific types of surgery. The levels of microbial contamination of the air and of four of the most representative surfaces of the clean area were determined at 3 different times for each theatre, both before and during surgery. For the air assessment, the results obtained with three different samplers, Sed-3 Unit, SAS and RCS, were compared. The results were on the whole acceptable, but some poor conditions were detected during the theatres in use, especially in general surgery theatres; in some of these the floors showed levels of contamination consistently exceeding the reference limits. As the monitoring programme proceeded, the microbiological quality of the air and of the surfaces in the theatres notably improved. The three air samplers showed different conditions expressed with units of measure not always readily comparable. For active samplers, the bacterial load determined by RCS, although less variable, were always higher (even 2-3 fold) than those obtained with the SAS. Passive sampling takes longer but determines the real risk of infection for the patients; contemporary determination of the fall-out and the CFU/m3 helps to identify the occupational risks. Since the limit values established by the ISPESL guidelines for the operating theatres have been defined only for active samplers, there is urgent need for more exhaustive national guidelines to define similar values also for passive sampling. The Authors conclude stressing the importance of promoting continuing information-education programmes to heighten the awareness of all those involved in operating theatre activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Liguori
- Cattedra di Igiene ed Epidemiologia, Fac. di Scienze Motorie, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Parthenope".
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Galdiero E, Villari P, Di Onofrio V, Pisciotta MG, Lucariello A, Sommese L, Liguori G. Characterization of glycopeptide resistant enterococci isolated from a hospital in Naples (Italy). New Microbiol 2005; 28:171-6. [PMID: 16035264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A study on the antibiotic resistance of enterococcal isolates (n = 280) was carried out in a teaching hospital in Naples. Strains were isolated from different sources, identified by conventional tests and their antibiotic susceptibility was tested by E-test method. Thirty-two enterococcal isolates (11.5%), phenotypically identified as E. faecium (n = 26), E. gallinarum (n = 3), E. faecalis (n = 2) and E. hirae (n = 1), showed resistance to glycopeptides. The vanA gene was found in all 32 VRE. Molecular typing was performed by RAPD analysis which showed two majors patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Galdiero
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Section of Hygiene, Federico II University of Naples, Italy.
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Liguori G, Marinelli A, Galdiero E, Arnese A, Di Onofrio V, Lucariello A, Marinelli P. Candida spp. morphotype differentiation on Sabouraud-Triphenyltetrazolium-Agar (STTZ-Agar) under three different experimental conditions. New Microbiol 2004; 27:193-7. [PMID: 15164633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
One hundred and thirty-two strains of Candida spp. were cultured on STTZ-Agar at 37 degrees C for 6 days and at 25 degrees C for 6 and 21 days to determine the culture conditions that would ensure maximum reproducibility in the discrimination of the strains of the same species. Standardization is of utmost importance, as varying experimental conditions can alter the results of the tests. Further studies are needed also implementing molecular tests to establish possible relationships between morphotype, genotype and virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Liguori
- Department of Public, Clinic and Preventive Medicine, Section of Hygiene, Second University of Naples, Italy
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