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Kanani H, Gandhi N, Sheth A, Kulkarni N. Multiple primary malignant neoplasms: a case of colonic adenocarcinoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma on a background of ulcerative colitis. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2022. [PMID: 35100853 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2021.1008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of an adenocarcinoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in an individual is an uncommon finding. In this case report, we discuss the case of an elderly man presenting with a synchronous moderately differentiated colonic adenocarcinoma alongside a distal ileal extranodal marginal zone lymphoma, on a background of ulcerative colitis. He underwent an elective open panproctocolectomy with an end ileostomy for the management of his malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kanani
- United Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS Trust, UK
| | - N Gandhi
- United Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS Trust, UK
| | - A Sheth
- United Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS Trust, UK
| | - N Kulkarni
- United Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS Trust, UK
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Kanani H, Gandhi N, Sheth A, Kulkarni N. Multiple primary malignant neoplasms: a case of colonic adenocarcinoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma on a background of ulcerative colitis. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2021; 104:47-49. [PMID: 35100853 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2021.0065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of an adenocarcinoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in an individual is an uncommon finding. In this case report, we discuss the case of an elderly man presenting with a synchronous moderately differentiated colonic adenocarcinoma alongside a distal ileal extranodal marginal zone lymphoma, on a background of ulcerative colitis. He underwent an elective open panproctocolectomy with an end ileostomy for the management of his malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Kanani
- United Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS Trust, UK
| | - N Gandhi
- United Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS Trust, UK
| | - A Sheth
- United Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS Trust, UK
| | - N Kulkarni
- United Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS Trust, UK
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Venkatesh K, Edmonds A, Westreich D, Dionne-Odom J, Weiss D, Sheth A, Cejtin H, Seidman D, Kassaye S, Minkoff H, Atrio J, Rahangdale L, Adimora A. Associations between HIV, antiretroviral therapy, and preterm birth in the women’s interagency HIV study, 1994-2018. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2020.08.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Venkataramanan R, Sridharan V, Kadariya D, Sheth A, Thirunarayan K, Kalra M. KNOWLEDGE-ENABLED PERSONALIZED DASHBOARD FOR ASTHMA MANAGEMENT IN CHILDREN. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2018.09.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Sales J, Cwiak C, Haddad L, Sheth A. Impact of a brief PrEP training for family planning providers on HIV prevention counseling and patient interest in PrEP. Contraception 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2018.07.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Sheth A, Yip H, Jaimini U, Sridharan V, Venkataramanan R, Thirunarayam K, Banerjee T, Kalra M. 0799 Feasibility Of Recording Sleep Quality And Sleep Duration Using Fitbit In Children With Asthma. Sleep 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsy061.798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Sheth
- Wright State University, Dayton, OH
| | - H Yip
- Wright State University, Dayton, OH
| | | | | | | | | | | | - M Kalra
- Dayton Children’s Hospital, Dayton, OH
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Linzay C, Seth A, Suryawala K, Sheth A, Boktor M, Bienvenu J, Rahim R, Sangster GP, Jordan PA. The Aftermath of a Hepatic Artery Aneurysm-A Rare Etiology of Biliary Obstruction! Clin Med Insights Gastroenterol 2017. [PMID: 28634431 PMCID: PMC5467703 DOI: 10.1177/1179552217711430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatic artery aneurysms (HAAs) constitute 14% to 20% of visceral artery aneurysms. Most HAAs are asymptomatic. Although rare, obstructive jaundice due to external bile duct compression or rupture of the HAA into the biliary tree with occlusion of the lumen from blood clots has been reported. CASE PRESENTATION A 56-year-old white man presented to an outside hospital with symptoms of obstructive jaundice, including abdominal pain and yellowing of the skin. Imaging showed a large HAA. Patient was transferred to our hospital where an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with biliary stenting was performed. This was followed by coil embolization of the HAA with improvement in symptoms and liver chemistries. CONCLUSIONS Most clinicians agree that management of HAA is highly variable and depends on clinical presentation and anatomic location. Biliary stenting provides temporary relief for patients with obstructive jaundice. Definitive options include open aneurysmal repair versus endovascular therapy. Hepatic artery aneurysms represent a significant risk for hemorrhage and therefore must be addressed promptly once discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Linzay
- Divisions of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Abhishek Seth
- Divisions of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Kunal Suryawala
- Divisions of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Ankur Sheth
- Divisions of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Moheb Boktor
- Divisions of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - John Bienvenu
- Divisions of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Robby Rahim
- Department of Radiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Guillermo P Sangster
- Department of Radiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Paul A Jordan
- Divisions of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
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Kaur H, Sheth A, Singh M. Variations of the muscles of first extensor compartment of forearm. J ANAT SOC INDIA 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jasi.2016.08.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Sheth A, Asher MI, Ellwood P, Ellwood E. Can geodata be used to determine the distribution of fast food outlets in relation to the prevalence and severity of asthma? A novel methodology. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2016; 44:307-13. [PMID: 26589338 DOI: 10.1016/j.aller.2015.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
RESEARCH QUESTION Can the distribution of fast food outlets be obtained and effectively used to identify if there is a relationship between the placement of these and the prevalence and severity of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema (ARE) in children and adolescents? METHOD Fast food restaurant location data was obtained for seven countries. Data from the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) was used from 53 centres in the same seven countries. Each ISAAC centre provided a detailed map of the study area. The location of restaurants and ISAAC centres were overlaid using the ArcMap software, and the number of restaurants within each ISAAC centre counted. Bivariate regression analysis was used to compare outlet density with ARE prevalence and severity. RESULTS The results from the analyses showed a positive (non-significant) trend on a regression plot between outlet density and ARE severity. This project has shown that it is practical to systematically obtain and map fast food outlets and compare their distribution worldwide with the prevalence and severity of diseases, in this case ARE. The devised methodology has proven to be an efficient way to obtain restaurant distribution data in a form that is manageable and suitable to compare with area based disease prevalences. This project has shown that a larger scale investigation is both feasible and warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sheth
- Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, The University of Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - M I Asher
- Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, The University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - P Ellwood
- Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, The University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - E Ellwood
- Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, The University of Auckland, New Zealand
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Hosseini-Carroll P, Mutyala M, Seth A, Nageeb S, Soliman D, Boktor M, Sheth A, Chapman J, Morris J, Jordan P, Manas K, Becker F, Alexander JS. Pregnancy and inflammatory bowel diseases: Current perspectives, risks and patient management. World J Gastrointest Pharmacol Ther 2015; 6:156-171. [PMID: 26558150 PMCID: PMC4635156 DOI: 10.4292/wjgpt.v6.i4.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Revised: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic idiopathic inflammatory conditions characterized by relapsing and remitting episodes of inflammation which can affect several different regions of the gastrointestinal tract, but also shows extra-intestinal manifestations. IBD is most frequently diagnosed during peak female reproductive years, with 25% of women with IBD conceiving after their diagnosis. While IBD therapy has improved dramatically with enhanced surveillance and more abundant and powerful treatment options, IBD disease can have important effects on pregnancy and presents several challenges for maintaining optimal outcomes for mothers with IBD and the developing fetus/neonate. Women with IBD, the medical team treating them (both gastroenterologists and obstetricians/gynecologists) must often make highly complicated choices regarding conception, pregnancy, and post-natal care (particularly breastfeeding) related to their choice of treatment options at different phases of pregnancy as well as post-partum. This current review discusses current concerns and recommendations for pregnancy during IBD and is intended for gastroenterologists, general practitioners and IBD patients intending to become, (or already) pregnant, and their families. We have addressed patterns of IBD inheritance, effects of IBD on fertility and conception (in both men and women), the effects of IBD disease activity on maintenance of pregnancy and outcomes, risks of diagnostic procedures during pregnancy and potential risks and complications associated with different classes of IBD therapeutics. We also have evaluated the clinical experience using “top-down” care with biologics, which is currently the standard care at our institution. Post-partum care and breastfeeding recommendations are also addressed.
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Suryawala K, Soliman D, Mutyala M, Nageeb S, Boktor M, Seth A, Aravantagi A, Sheth A, Morris J, Jordan P, Manas K, Cvek U, Trutschl M, Becker F, Alexander J. Gastric cancer in women: A regional health-center seven year retrospective study. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:7805-7813. [PMID: 26167080 PMCID: PMC4491967 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i25.7805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2014] [Revised: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 04/03/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate whether regional geography influences ethnic and gender trends for the development of gastric cancer (GC).
METHODS: This retrospective analysis of the INVISION patient database at Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport (LSUHSC-S), a southern United States regional hospital, was performed from 2005-2011. Using the international statistical classification of diseases 9 (ICD-9), inpatient, day surgery outpatient, and emergency outpatient diagnosis codes entered into medical records were used to identify GC patients. For each study year, the patients were evaluated for age, ethnicity, and gender, and each patient was counted only once throughout the study. Subsequent patient encounters were counted as visits and separated by inpatient and clinic visits. Complex or severe disease may require more frequent and intensive clinical management; therefore, we evaluated annual clinic visits as “surrogate markers” of disease severity. Finally, we studied the primary diagnosis for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection (ICD-9 code 41.86) as an additional factor that might increase the risk of GC.
RESULTS: A total of 285 patients were diagnosed with GC at LSUHSC-S between 2005 and 2011. African Americans (181 patients, 89 males and 92 females, 63.5% of total patients) had significantly higher frequencies of GC diagnosis compared with non-Hispanic whites (104 patients, 54 males and 50 females, 36.5% of total patients), at a ratio of 1.74 (P = 0.002). Within each ethnic group, men and women were diagnosed at approximately equal annual rates. Our findings differed significantly from United States national trends, which found that African American females and white females had lower risks for GC than their corresponding male counterparts. The United States national trend between 2005 and 2011 showed that African Americans males had a higher incidence of GC, with an annual mean (per 100000) of 16.31 ± 0.76 compared with white males (9 ± 0.1, P < 0.001), African American females (8.7 ± 0.34, P < 0.001) and white females (4.05 ± 0.07, P < 0.001). Among the GC patients, the number of clinic visits was highest among African American males (195.1 ± 28.1), who had significantly more clinic visits than African Americans females (123 ± 13.02, P < 0.05), white males (41.57 ± 4.74, P < 0.001) and white females (35 ± 8.9, P < 0.001). Similar trends were found for inpatient visits, with an annual mean of 11.43 ± 1.5 for African American males, followed by African American females (7.29 ± 1.36), white males (2.57 ± 0.69) and white females (1.57 ± 0.612). African American males had significantly more inpatient visits than white males (P < 0.001), and African American females had more inpatient visits than white females (P < 0.01). African American patients showed the highest frequency of H. pylori positive status, with approximately 72% vs 28% for the white patients.
CONCLUSION: Increase in GC diagnoses among women at LSUHSC-S is significantly higher than United States national averages, suggesting local geographic and socioeconomic influences may alter GC disease course.
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Seth A, Rajpal S, Saigal T, Bienvenu J, Sheth A, Alexander JS, Boktor M, Manas K, Morris JD, Jordan PA. Diabetic Ketoacidosis-induced Hypertriglyceridemic Acute Pancreatitis Treated with Plasmapheresis-Recipe for Biochemical Disaster Management. Clin Med Insights Gastroenterol 2014; 7:51-3. [PMID: 25342924 PMCID: PMC4206354 DOI: 10.4137/cgast.s18557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2014] [Revised: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 08/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)-induced hypertriglyceridemia causing pancreatitis is an interesting phenomenon that has rarely been reported in literature. Plasmapharesis is a well known treatment modality for hypertriglyceridemia-induced pancreatitis. We report a patient with DKA-induced hypertriglyceridemic acute pancreatitis treated successfully with plasmapharesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Seth
- Department of Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Saurabh Rajpal
- Department of Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Taru Saigal
- Department of Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - John Bienvenu
- Department of Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Ankur Sheth
- Department of Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Jonathan S Alexander
- Department of Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA. ; Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Moheb Boktor
- Department of Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Kenneth Manas
- Department of Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - James D Morris
- Department of Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Paul A Jordan
- Department of Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
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Sheth A, Escobar-Alvarez S, Gardner J, Ran L, Heaney ML, Scheinberg DA. Inhibition of human mitochondrial peptide deformylase causes apoptosis in c-myc-overexpressing hematopoietic cancers. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1152. [PMID: 24675470 PMCID: PMC3973238 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Revised: 01/27/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Inhibition of human mitochondrial peptide deformylase (HsPDF) depolarizes the mitochondrial membrane, reduces mitochondrial protein translation and causes apoptosis in Burkitt's lymphoma. We showed that HsPDF mRNA and protein levels were overexpressed in cancer cells and primary acute myeloid leukemia samples. Myc regulates mitochondria and metabolism; we also demonstrated c-myc regulated the expression of HsPDF, likely indirectly. Inhibition of HsPDF by actinonin blocked mitochondrial protein translation and caused apoptotic death of myc-positive Burkitt's lymphoma, but not myc-negative B cells. Inhibition of mitochondrial translation by chloramphenicol or tetracycline, structurally different inhibitors of the mitochondrial ribosome, which is upstream of deformylase activity, followed by treatment with actinonin, resulted in reversal of the biochemical events and abrogation of the apoptosis induced by actinonin. This reversal was specific to inhibitors of HsPDF. Inhibition of HsPDF resulted in a mitochondrial unfolded protein response (increased transcription factors CHOP and CEB/P and the mitochondrial protease Lon), which may be a mechanism mediating cell death. Therefore, HsPDF may be a therapeutic target for these hematopoietic cancers, acting via a new mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sheth
- 1] Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY, USA [2] Department of Pharmacology, Weill Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - S Escobar-Alvarez
- 1] Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY, USA [2] Department of Pharmacology, Weill Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - J Gardner
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - L Ran
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - M L Heaney
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - D A Scheinberg
- 1] Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, New York, NY, USA [2] Department of Pharmacology, Weill Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA [3] Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
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Patel A, Tilmon S, Sheth A, Nguyen L, Chaparala S, Bhogireddy V, Chor J, Patel D, Keith L. No improvement in emergency contraception provision after sexual assault: a national survey, 2004 and 2009. Contraception 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2011.05.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Sheth A. JS03-02 - Diagnostic and Treatment Procedures of Depression in India. Eur Psychiatry 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(11)73707-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression in Indian Perspective is a major psychiatric problem. India is diverse country having many sociocultural factors, gender issues, Poverty and lack of appropriate psychiatric care. It is observe that patients use other modalities like yoga, satsang, Social support to deal with minor to moderate Depression. Severe problems are handled by about 4,000 psychiatrist for a total of hundred billon population and this facility are mainly centered around metropolitan cities. This paper discusses the relative merits and demerits of diagnostic problems and the management of depressive states.
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Sodha SV, Lynch M, Wannemuehler K, Leeper M, Malavet M, Schaffzin J, Chen T, Langer A, Glenshaw M, Hoefer D, Dumas N, Lind L, Iwamoto M, Ayers T, Nguyen T, Biggerstaff M, Olson C, Sheth A, Braden C. Multistate outbreak of Escherichia coli O157:H7 infections associated with a national fast-food chain, 2006: a study incorporating epidemiological and food source traceback results. Epidemiol Infect 2011; 139:309-16. [PMID: 20429971 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268810000920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
A multistate outbreak of Escherichia coli O157:H7 infections occurred in the USA in November-December 2006 in patrons of restaurant chain A. We identified 77 cases with chain A exposure in four states - Delaware, New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania. Fifty-one (66%) patients were hospitalized, and seven (9%) developed haemolytic uraemic syndrome; none died. In a matched analysis controlling for age in 31 cases and 55 controls, illness was associated with consumption of shredded iceberg lettuce [matched odds ratio (mOR) 8·0, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1·1-348·1] and shredded cheddar cheese (mOR 6·2, CI 1·7-33·7). Lettuce, an uncooked ingredient, was more commonly consumed (97% of patients) than cheddar cheese (84%) and a single source supplied all affected restaurants. A single source of cheese could not explain the regional distribution of outbreak cases. The outbreak highlights challenges in conducting rapid multistate investigations and the importance of incorporating epidemiological study results with other investigative findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- S V Sodha
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
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Nandwani V, Ford C, Cantwell S, Sheth A, Manas K. Indwelling Catheter Fecal Diversion System as Cause of Severe Rectal Bleeding. Chest 2010. [DOI: 10.1378/chest.9355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Veluswamy H, Suryawala K, Sheth A, Wells S, Salvatierra E, Cromer W, Chaitanya GV, Painter A, Patel M, Manas K, Zwank E, Boktor M, Baig K, Datti B, Mathis MJ, Minagar A, Jordan PA, Alexander JS. African-American inflammatory bowel disease in a Southern U.S. health center. BMC Gastroenterol 2010; 10:104. [PMID: 20828408 PMCID: PMC2944337 DOI: 10.1186/1471-230x-10-104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2010] [Accepted: 09/09/2010] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) remain significant health problems in the US and worldwide. IBD is most often associated with eastern European ancestry, and is less frequently reported in other populations of African origin e.g. African Americans ('AAs'). Whether AAs represent an important population with IBD in the US remains unclear since few studies have investigated IBD in communities with a majority representation of AA patients. The Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center in Shreveport (LSUHSC-S) is a tertiary care medical center, with a patient base composed of 58% AA and 39% Caucasian (W), ideal for evaluating racial (AA vs. W) as well and gender (M vs. F) influences on IBD. Methods In this retrospective study, we evaluated 951 visits to LSUHSC-S for IBD (between 2000 to 2008) using non-identified patient information based on ICD-9 medical record coding (Crohn's disease 'CD'-555.0- 555.9 and ulcerative colitis 'UC'-556.0-556.9). Results Overall, there were more cases of CD seen than UC. UC and CD affected similar ratios of AA and Caucasian males (M) and females (F) with a rank order of WF > WM > AAF > AAM. Interestingly, in CD, we found that annual visits per person was the highest in AA M (10.7 ± 1.7); significantly higher (* -p < 0.05) than in WM (6.3 ± 1.0). Further, in CD, the female to male (F: M) ratio in AA was significantly higher (*- p < 0.05) (1.9 ± 0.2) than in Caucasians (F:M = 1.3 ± 0.1) suggesting a female dominance in AACD; no differences were seen in UC F: M ratios. Conclusion Although Caucasians still represent the greatest fraction of IBD (~64%), AAs with IBD made up >1/3 (36.4%) of annual IBD cases from 2000-2008 at LSUHSC-S. Further studies on genetic and environments risks for IBD risk in AAs are needed to understand differences in presentation and progression in AAs and other 'non-traditional' populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemanth Veluswamy
- Dept of Molecular & Cellular Physiology, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA, 71130-3932, USA
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Abstract
HIV-related benign esophageal strictures have been reported secondary to idiopathic esophageal ulceration, cytomegalovirus (CMV) esophagitis, herpetic esophagitis, and increased sensitivity to radiation therapy. Despite extensive and deep nature of CMV ulceration, stricture formation is uncommon. There have been anecdotal reports of esophageal strictures secondary to CMV infection in HIV patients. Esophageal stricture has been reported during active CMV ulceration as well as subsequent to successful treatment. Esophageal strictures secondary to CMV have also been reported without prior ulceration. We report a patient with CMV esophagitis presenting with ulceration and stricture who developed total obliteration of esophageal lumen following treatment with gancyclovir.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sheth
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Louisiana State University Health Science Center, Shreveport, Louisiana 71130, USA.
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Sheth A, Jordan P. Call for guidelines on ergonomics in GI endoscopy. Gastrointest Endosc 2010; 71:1333; author reply 1333. [PMID: 20598262 DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2009.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2009] [Accepted: 09/27/2009] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Chapman T, Wilde M, Sheth A, Madden B. Sildenafil therapy in secondary pulmonary hypertension: Is there benefit in prolonged use? Vascul Pharmacol 2009; 51:90-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2009.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2008] [Revised: 04/03/2009] [Accepted: 04/13/2009] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Sheth A, Khurana R, Khurana V. Potential Liver Damage Associated with Over-the-Counter Vitamin Supplements. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 108:1536-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jada.2008.06.443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2005] [Accepted: 03/10/2008] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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23
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Sheth A, Train P, Kochhar R, Arbour GT, Khurana V. Para-aortic retained bullet causing aortic thrombosis: a case report. J Trauma 2008; 64:1625-7. [PMID: 17429321 DOI: 10.1097/01.ta.0000195493.00091.b0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ankur Sheth
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA
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Gammino VM, Mboya JJ, Samandari T, Sheth A, Almquist J, Nkubito G, Jimbo W, Obita G, Roels TH, Wells CD, Kilmarx PH, Nelson LJ. Baseline evaluation of routine HIV testing among tuberculosis patients in Botswana. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2008; 12:92-94. [PMID: 18302830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In January 2004, the government of Botswana introduced a policy of routine, non-compulsory human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing to increase testing and access to antiretroviral treatment (ART) for individuals presenting for medical treatment. Before a systematic implementation of the policy, we conducted a cross-sectional survey of tuberculosis (TB) record data from 46 clinics in 10 districts to assess baseline HIV testing rates among TB patients. Recorded HIV results from the facility TB register and TB treatment card were reviewed. Of the 1242 TB patients entered in the register, 47% had a recorded HIV result and 84% of these were co-infected with HIV. TB treatment cards were available for 862 (69%) registered patients. Among the 411 (47%) with test results recorded on the treatment card, 341 (83%) were HIV-infected; of these, 12% were reported to be receiving ART.
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Affiliation(s)
- V M Gammino
- Division of TB Elimination, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankur Sheth
- Department of Internal Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130-3932, USA.
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Rose W, Rybak M, Leonard S, Sakoulas G, Kaatz G, Zervos M, Sheth A, Carpenter C. P2064 Evaluation of daptomycin activity against Staphylococcus aureus following vancomycin exposure in an in vitro phar-macodynamic model with simulated endocardial vegetations. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-8579(07)71903-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Statins are commonly used cholesterol-lowering agents that are noted to suppress tumor cell growth in several in vitro and animal models. METHODS We studied the association between pancreatic cancer and statins in veterans. A retrospective, nested case-control study was conducted using prospectively collected data from the Veterans Integrated Service Networks 16 Veteran Affairs database from 1998 to 2004. We analyzed data on 483,733 patients from 8 states located in south central United States. The primary variables of interest were pancreatic cancer and the use of statins before the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Multiple logistic regression analysis was done to adjust for covariates including age, sex, body mass index, smoking, diabetes, and race. The SAS software was used for statistical computing. RESULTS Of the 483,733 patients in the study, 163,467 (33.79%) were on statins, and 475 (0.098%) patients had a primary diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Statin use of more than 6 months was associated with a risk reduction of pancreatic cancer of 67% (adjusted odds ratio, 0.33; 95% confidence interval, 0.26-0.41; P < 0.01).A dose-response relationship was noted between statin use and pancreatic cancer with an 80% risk reduction (adjusted odds ratio, 0.2; 95% confidence interval, 0.13-0.29; P < 0.01) with use of statin for more than 4 years. Furthermore, the protective effect of statin was seen across different age and racial groups, and was irrespective of the presence of diabetes, smoking, or alcohol use. CONCLUSIONS Statins seem to be protective against the development of pancreatic cancer, and the magnitude of the effect correlates with the duration of statin use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Khurana
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Overton Brooks Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Shreveport, LA 71101-4295, USA.
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28
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Abstract
Eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EG) is a rare gastrointestinal disorder of undetermined etiology and is manifest by eosinophilic infiltration of any area of gastrointestinal tract, most frequently stomach and small intestine. Peripheral eosinophilia is present in about 80% of patients. Definitive diagnosis requires histologic evidence of eosinophilic infiltration; which is usually patchy in distribution. Steroids are the mainstay of treatment. We present a case of 47-year-old man with abdominal pain, jaundice, and marked eosinophilia. Endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatogram revealed a dilated common bile duct. There was biopsy proven eosinophilic infiltration in stomach, duodenum, gall bladder, and pancreas. Obstructive jaundice is an extremely rare manifestation of EG. This unusual case illustrates the wide variety of gastrointestinal manifestations caused by EG and emphasizes the importance of clinical suspicion and endoscopic mucosal biopsies in diagnosis of EG. This entity should be considered in the patients with chronic and relapsing gastrointestinal symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankur Sheth
- Department of Internal Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, USA.
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29
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Reddymasu S, Sheth A, Banks DE. Is Fecal Leukocyte Test a good predictor of Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea? Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2006; 5:9. [PMID: 16623943 PMCID: PMC1459191 DOI: 10.1186/1476-0711-5-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2006] [Accepted: 04/19/2006] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fecal leukocyte test (FLT) is widely used to screen for invasive diarrheas including C. difficile associated diarrhea (CDAD), which account for more than 25 % of all antibiotic associated diarrhea. Method 263 stool samples from patients with suspected CDAD were studied simultaneously for fecal leukocyte test (FLT) and Clostridium difficile toxin assay (CDTA). FLT was performed by the Giemsa technique and CDTA was performed by enzyme immuno assay (EIA). Results Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of FLT as compared to CDTA were 30%, 74.9%, 13.2% and 89.3% respectively. Conclusion Considering the poor sensitivity of FLT, and the comparable cost and time of obtaining a CDTA at our institution, we conclude that FLT is not a good screening test for CDAD. Possible reasons for FLT being a poor predictor of CDTA are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savio Reddymasu
- Department of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Ankur Sheth
- Department of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Daniel E Banks
- Department of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
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Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and pulmonary embolism (PE) account for about 70% of cardiac arrest. Although thrombolytic therapy is an effective therapy for both AMI and PE, it is not routinely recommended during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) for fear of life threatening bleeding complications. Numerous case reports and retrospective studies have suggested a beneficial effect of thrombolytics in cardiac arrest secondary to AMI and PE; however, we present a case of successful use of bolus thrombolytics during CPR in a patient with undifferentiated cardiac arrest (undiagnosed cause) after prolonged conventional resuscitation without success.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sheth
- Department of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA.
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31
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Abstract
Pneumothorax is a relatively common condition that is usually managed either conservatively, by chest tube drainage or, if a refractory air leak persists, then with cardiothoracic intervention. However, there is a small group of patients with a persistent air leak in whom surgical intervention is felt to be inappropriate. This study looks at a novel management strategy in a patient presenting with this scenario. A male with underlying bullous lung disease presented with a right pneumothorax. Complete re-expansion was not achieved, despite chest tube drainage and suction. Cardiothoracic intervention was felt to be inappropriate and the air leak persisted despite prolonged conservative management. Ventilation scintigraphy was therefore used to localise the air leak prior to targeted radiotherapy in an attempt to seal the leak via radiation-induced fibrosis. Three weeks after the first fraction of radiotherapy, the air leak ceased. In complex cases of pneumothorax with persistent air leak where cardiothoracic intervention is deemed inappropriate, identification of the air leak site and localised radiotherapy could be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y E Ong
- St. George's Hospital, Blackshaw Road, Tooting, London SW17 0QT, UK.
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32
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Abstract
Despite widespread use for treatment of asthma and allergies, glucocorticoids may cause allergic reactions, even anaphylaxis. The incidence of adverse reactions to systemic glucocorticoids is 0.3%. The most commonly reported corticosteroids causing anaphylaxis like reactions are hydrocortisone, prednisone, and methylprednisolone. Most authors agree that allergic reactions to systemic corticosteroids are possibly immunoglobulin E mediated. We report a patient with asthma, aspirin allergy, and nasal polyps who developed bronchospasm following the administration of intravenous methylprednisolone sodium succinate during an acute asthmatic attack. We discuss the differential diagnosis of worsening asthma despite adequate treatment, and suggest corticosteroid-induced bronchospasm in our patient. Corticosteroid-induced bronchospasm should be considered when asthmatics fail to improve, or frankly deteriorate with systemic corticosteroid therapy, particularly when a history of aspirin allergy is present. TEACHING POINT: Know the differential diagnosis for worsening of asthma despite adequate treatment. Consider corticosteroid-induced bronchospasm when asthmatics fail to improve, or frankly deteriorate with systemic corticosteroid therapy. Corticosteroid-induced bronchospasm is more commonly seen in asthmatics with a history of aspirin allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankur Sheth
- Department of Internal Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA.
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33
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Abstract
The use of tracheobronchial stents for compromised large airways is increasing. We provide a case series highlighting some of the complications of airway management in patients with tracheobronchial stents in situ and propose an approach for dealing with this potentially complicated situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Davis
- Department of Anaesthesia and Cardiothoracic Intensive Care, St George's Hospital, London, UK
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34
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Madden BP, Sheth A, Ho TBL, Park JES, Kanagasabay RR. Potential role for sildenafil in the management of perioperative pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular dysfunction after cardiac surgery. Br J Anaesth 2004; 93:155-6. [PMID: 15192009 DOI: 10.1093/bja/aeh571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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35
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Abstract
We treated a patient who developed a posterior tracheal wall perforation and severe respiratory compromise following percutaneous tracheostomy, using a covered expandable metallic stent. The stent was deployed under direct vision using rigid and fibreoptic bronchoscopy. The defect was sealed and the right lung, which had been collapsed, was re-expanded. The patient was subsequently weaned from mechanical ventilation. Late complications included halitosis, which was treated with nebulized colistin sulphate, and the development of intratracheal granulation tissue, which was cleared using low power (10 W) Nd:YAG laser.
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Affiliation(s)
- B P Madden
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, St George's Hospital, Blackshaw Road, London SW17 0QT, UK.
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36
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Sheth A. Informed consent in clinical practice. J Postgrad Med 2003; 49:287-8. [PMID: 14597803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023] Open
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37
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Rajendra Prasad JS, Chaudhari C, Cunha-Gomes D, Bhathena HM, Sheth A, Kavarana NM. The venoneuroadipofascial pedicled distally based sural island myofasciocutaneous flap: case reports. Br J Plast Surg 2002; 55:210-4. [PMID: 12041973 DOI: 10.1054/bjps.2001.3816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Complex soft-tissue defects of the lower third of the leg, the heel and the ankle still present a challenge for the reconstructive surgeon. In addition to skin replacement, many of these defects require muscle bulk, which promotes the healing of open bone fractures, effectively fills osteomyelitic cavities and deep three-dimensional defects, and helps to reconstruct the Achilles tendon. In an anatomical study, we developed a new flap based on the 'neuromuscular concept'. This flap consists of a paddle of gastrocnemius muscle and a skin paddle based distally on the sural venoneuroadipofascial pedicle supplied by the lower peroneal perforators. Three cases are presented to illustrate the versatile use of this flap.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Rajendra Prasad
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India
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38
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Crotts G, Sheth A, Twist J, Ghebre-Sellassie I. Development of an enteric coating formulation and process for tablets primarily composed of a highly water-soluble, organic acid. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2001; 51:71-6. [PMID: 11154906 DOI: 10.1016/s0939-6411(00)00129-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to define coating conditions for the enteric coating of a highly water soluble, acidic tablet core. Acidic tablet cores containing a marker drug were separated into three groups and seal coated to coverage levels of 0% (uncoated, white), 1% (yellow), and 3% (tan) weight gains. By employing a 'color coding' scheme, the different seal coated tablets could be coated simultaneously to reduce the number of experiments and eliminate potential differences that may exist during separate coating processes. In addition, an allotment of each coded tablet type was sequentially numbered with a marker pen, weighed, and recorded in order to identify the precise level of enteric coating as well as to monitor the variability of a given coating operation. The tablets were coated with five Eudragit((R)) L30D-based enteric formulations containing different amounts of plasticizer (10-20 parts) and talc (10-50 parts). During each enteric coating process, a predetermined amount of labeled tablets were removed after attaining 6, 8, and 10% weight gains. The labeled tablets were re-weighed, sorted, and then tested using USP disintegration and dissolution methods. Weight gain measurements of individual tablets indicated low coating variability (6.2% RSD) during the enteric coating processes. Dissolution results revealed that all enteric coat formulations inhibited drug release for 2 h in 0.1 N HCl. In contrast, it was found that tablets without a seal coat failed the USP disintegration test. In addition, seal coated tablets exhibited ca. 1.5-5 fold greater drug release at most intermediate sampling time points in phosphate buffer, pH 6.8, than tablets without a seal coat, suggesting that the dissolution of the latter was delayed by the generation of an acidic microenvironment at the interface of the enteric coat/acidic tablet core. Prior to enteric coating an acidic, highly water soluble substrate, a seal coat barrier should be applied to prevent retardation in drug release. A simple strategy utilizing color coding and tablet marking can be employed to test the effect of a seal coat, evaluate enteric coating formulations and process with minimal experimentation and analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Crotts
- Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Pfizer Global Research and Development, NJ, Morris Plains, USA.
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39
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Dhabholkar JP, Chhabria S, Sheth A. Paranasal sinus aspergilloma: a case report. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2000; 52:300-1. [PMID: 23119705 DOI: 10.1007/bf03006213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Aspergilloma, though rare, is a benign condition of the paranasal sinuses affecting young males with reasonable morbidity. Besides diagnosis, optimal surgery and prolonged adequate medical therapy under vigilant supervision is mandatory to treat this condition effectively, We are presenting one such ease of aspergilloma who was appropriately managed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Dhabholkar
- Department of E. N. T. & Head and Neck Surgery, T. N. Medical College & B. Y. L. Nair Hospital,Mumbai, Maharashtra
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Baranowska-Daca E, Choi YJ, Sheth A, Cartwight J, Truong LD. Nephrotic syndrome associated with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus and membranous glomerulonephritis in remission. Am J Kidney Dis 1999; 34:E22. [PMID: 10561162 DOI: 10.1016/s0272-6386(99)70064-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Renal involvement is frequent in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This lesion, termed lupus nephritis, has been reported clinically in at least 50% of the patients. It is generally assumed that in patients with SLE, renal abnormalities detected clinically are caused by lupus nephritis, especially lupus glomerulonephritis (GN). Thus, renal biopsy is performed not for diagnostic purposes, but rather for determining the type and extent of renal involvement. However, clinically significant renal abnormalities unrelated to lupus nephritis have rarely been described in patients with SLE. The reported case serves to emphasize this consideration. The patient was a 41-year-old woman who presented 11 years previously with severe hypertension, nephrotic syndrome, and a serum creatinine level of 2.9 mg/dL. Renal biopsy showed membranous GN and ischemic damage. After a prolonged remission induced by steroids and cyclophosphamide, the patient presented with nephrotic syndrome and a serum creatinine level of 2.1 mg/dL. Although she was normotensive at that time, there were features of SLE. Repeated renal biopsy showed focal segmental glomerulosclerosis without the changes of membranous GN or any type lupus GN. This case illustrates two interesting observations, ie, resolution of membranous GN and nonlupus renal lesions in patients with SLE.
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41
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Jerram M, Sheth A, Kaplan E, Seidman L. A process-oriented approach to clock drawing in schizophrenia. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 1999. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/14.1.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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43
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Winkleman BC, Sheth A. Destruction of low levels of volatile organic compounds in dry air streams by an electron-beam generated plasma. J Air Waste Manag Assoc 1997; 47:1276-1283. [PMID: 9448517 DOI: 10.1080/10473289.1997.10464071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The destruction of parts per million (ppm) levels of volatile organic compounds in a dry air stream by high-energy electron-beam irradiation has been investigated in a pilot plant at the University of Tennessee Space Institute, Tullahoma, Tennessee. In a series of experiments, dry air contaminated with various VOCs in the concentration range of 50-1000 ppm were treated in the UTSI pilot plant to determine the extent of destruction at various electron-beam dose levels. The destruction removal efficiency was determined as a function of the electron beam irradiation dose. The results suggest a charge transfer reaction as the major decomposition mechanism. A theoretical foundation of the process, along with a simple first-generation reaction kinetics model, a summary of the results from the pilot plant flow reactor, and a preliminary cost analysis for a full-scale detoxification plant using currently available electron-beam gum technology are presented in this paper.
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44
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Porwancher R, Sheth A, Remphrey S, Taylor E, Hinkle C, Zervos M. Epidemiological study of hospital-acquired infection with vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium: possible transmission by an electronic ear-probe thermometer. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1997; 18:771-3. [PMID: 9397374 DOI: 10.1086/647535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Clonal spread of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium among seven patients on one ward of a community teaching hospital was identified by contour-clamped homogeneous electric-field gel electrophoresis. Environmental cultures isolated the same strain from the handle of a shared electronic ear-probe thermometer. Cross-contamination of the clonal strain between two geographically separate units on this ward, sharing equipment but not personnel, suggests the possibility of an environmental source.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Porwancher
- St Francis Medical Center, Trenton, NJ 08629, USA
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45
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Abstract
We report a case of Mycobacterium marinum facial sporotrichoid infection in an otherwise healthy 2-year-old child, probably acquired through contact with pets in an aquarium. The M. marinum isolate was susceptible to clarithromycin, and the child was successfully treated with oral antibiotic therapy. This unusual case emphasizes the importance of a thorough history in the evaluation of a patient with chronic sporotrichoid skin lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- R C Brady
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, USA
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46
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Bhide PG, Day M, Sapp E, Schwarz C, Sheth A, Kim J, Young AB, Penney J, Golden J, Aronin N, DiFiglia M. Expression of normal and mutant huntingtin in the developing brain. J Neurosci 1996; 16:5523-35. [PMID: 8757264 PMCID: PMC6578889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is caused by a genetic mutation that results in a polyglutamine expansion in huntingtin. The time course of neuronal loss in the HD striatum and other affected brain regions before the onset of symptoms is unknown. To determine the potential influence of huntingtin on brain development, we examined its expression in the developing mouse and in human control and HD brain. By Western blot, huntingtin was detected throughout the adult mouse brain and at all stages of embryonic and postnatal brain development. The protein increased significantly between postnatal day 7 (P7) and P15, which marks a period of active neuronal differentiation and enhanced sensitivity to excitotoxic injury in the rodent striatum. Immunoreactivity was found in neurons throughout the brain and localized mostly to the somatodendritic cytoplasm and to axons in fiber bundles. Staining was variable in different groups of neurons and within the same cell population. In developing brain, huntingtin was limited primarily to neuronal perikarya. Increased immunoreactivity in large neurons followed the gradient of neurogenesis and appeared in the basal forebrain and brainstem by embryonic days 15-17, in regions of cortex by P0-P1, and in the striatum by P7. In human brain at midgestation (19-21 weeks), huntingtin was detected in all regions. The brain of a 10-week-old infant with the expanded HD allele expressed a higher molecular weight mutant form of huntingtin at levels comparable to those of the wild-type protein. Thus, mutant huntingtin is expressed before neuronal maturation is complete. Results suggest that huntingtin has an important constitutive role in neurons during brain development, that heterogeneity in neuronal expression of the protein is developmentally regulated, and that the intraneuronal distribution of huntingtin increases in parallel with neuronal maturation. The presence of mutant huntingtin in the immature HD brain raises the possibility that neurons may be affected during brain development and possibly in the postnatal period when vulnerability to excitotoxic injury is at its peak.
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Affiliation(s)
- P G Bhide
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston 02114, USA
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47
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Brown E, Lloyd L, Sheth A, Oweis T, Chen JC, Penman L, Mattson JC, Steel K. Effect of resuscitation solutions on the immune status of dogs in hemorrhagic shock. Am Surg 1995; 61:669-72; discussion 672-3. [PMID: 7618804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of three different types of fluid resuscitation on the immune system of dogs in hemorrhagic shock. Using a modified Wigger shock model, 18 conditioned male dogs were bled to mean arterial blood pressure of 60 mm Hg for 90 minutes and placed into three groups based on the resuscitative method. Group I: Crystalloid Resuscitation; Group II: Autotransfusion; Group III: Banked Blood. Laboratory methods for immune status evaluation included total lymphocyte count, T4/T8 ratio, total serum immunoglobulins, and immunoglobulin electrophoresis. These values were obtained pre-hemorrhagic shock, just before resuscitation, and subsequently on days 1, 4, and 7. Humoral immunity, represented by total serum immunoglobulin levels (IgA, IgG, IgM), was higher in Groups II and III when compared with group I on all post-resuscitation days. IgA and IgM levels were higher in Group III compared with Groups I and II. IgG level was higher in Group II compared with Groups I and III. Cellular immunity was also affected by transfusion. Total lymphocyte count was increased in Group II on Day 1; however, the three groups were similar with respect to this variable on subsequent days. The absolute T4 helper cell level in Group II was similar to Groups I and III until Day 7, at which time the level became higher in Group II.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- E Brown
- Department of Surgery, St. John Hospital and Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan 48236-2172, USA
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48
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Abstract
We studied the interaction of [125I]fibronectin with human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Endothelial cell monolayers cross-linked [125I]fibronectin which had been preadsorbed to gelatin-coated dishes. The cross-linking of the substrate-immobilized [125I]fibronectin was mediated by cell-associated tissue transglutaminase and occurred more rapidly during the first 30 min after endothelial cell seeding but also continued for several hours after the cells were fully spread. The processing of the [125I]fibronectin was associated with the basolateral surface of the endothelial cell, as demonstrated by the finding that cross-linking did not occur when [125I]fibronectin was presented to the apical surface of confluent monolayers. Transglutaminase activity was not necessary for attachment and spreading of HUVEC on a fibronectin/gelatin matrix. The presence of a nonpeptidyl transglutaminase inactivator rendered the cells more susceptible to detachment by trypsin and destabilized the association of fibronectin with the subendothelial extracellular matrix. Thus, endothelial cells process fibronectin into cross-linked multimers due to the expression of tissue transglutaminase at the basal surface of the cell. This process may serve to stabilize the extracellular matrix and to firmly anchor the cells to the basement membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Martinez
- Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Department of Medicine, Jefferson Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107-5099
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Dhabhar BN, Malhotra H, Joseph R, Garde S, Bhasin S, Sheth A, Advani SH. Gonadal function in prepubertal boys following treatment for Hodgkin's disease. Am J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 1993; 15:306-10. [PMID: 8328644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Gonadal functions were evaluated in 26 male patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD), who were in continuous unmaintained remission following combination chemotherapy consisting of COPP/MOPP. MATERIALS AND METHODS These patients had received chemotherapy during the prepubertal phase. The median duration after termination of chemotherapy was 72 months. RESULTS Semen analysis of 18 patients showed azoospermia. Hormonal analysis showed elevated mean levels follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and inhibin as compared to age-matched controls, whereas luteinizing hormone levels were only marginally elevated. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that COPP/MOPP causes severe damage to germinal epithelium even when given during prepubertal age. Sertoli cells, which are responsible for secretion of inhibin, are resistant to these cytotoxic agents. Our data emphasize the lack of gross dysfunction of Leydig cells. It is possible that an alternative chemotherapy protocol (ABVD) may be used in young patients to minimize the gonadal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- B N Dhabhar
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Bombay, India
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50
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Abstract
Prostatic inhibin peptide (PIP), is a 94 amino acid protein which is secreted by the prostate gland in an androgen-independent manner. Previously, it has been demonstrated that PIP appears to inhibit follicle-stimulating-hormone (FSH) secretion by the pituitary and prostate glands. In vitro, the Dunning R3327 rat prostate cancer cell line MAT-LyLu (MLL) cells and the human prostate cancer cell line PC-3, are stimulated to grow in response to exogenous FSH and these effects are blocked by PIP. In vivo, PIP inhibits the growth of the highly metastatic MLL prostate cancer cell line. A comparison of hormone levels in control and PIP-treated rats demonstrates a significant inhibition of FSH in treated animals. It appears that, in vivo, PIP may inhibit prostate cancer growth by inhibiting FSH. PIP may represent a novel hormonal treatment for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Garde
- Meyer L. Prentis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan
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