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Asirvatam R, Christina AJM. Free radical scavenging potential of Drosera indica L in presence of Dalton Ascites lymphoma (DAL) tumor bearing mice. Indonesian J Pharm 2018. [DOI: 10.14499/indonesianjpharm29iss3pp136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Asirvatham R, Christina AJM, Murali A. In vitro antioxidant and anticancer activity studies on drosera indica L. (Droseraceae). Adv Pharm Bull 2013; 3:115-20. [PMID: 24312822 DOI: 10.5681/apb.2013.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2012] [Revised: 10/23/2012] [Accepted: 10/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of present in vitro studies was performed to examine the antioxidant and anticancer activities of ethanol and aqueous extracts of Drosera indica L. METHODS Different concentrations (5 - 640mcg/ml) of the ethanol (EEDI) and aqueous (AEDI) extracts of D.indica L were used in various antioxidant assay methods such as hydroxyl radicals, DPPH, super oxide radical scavenging activity, chelating ability of ferrous ion, nitric oxide radical inhibition, ABTS and reducing power. Ascorbic acid (AA) was used as the standard antioxidant for the free radical scavenging assays. Dalton's Ascitic Lymphoma (DAL) and Ehrlich Ascitic Carcinoma (EAC) cell lines were used as the in vitro cancer models for the tryphan blue dye and LDH leakage assays, where 5 to 250mcg /ml of both EEDI and AEDI were tested. RESULTS EEDI showed antioxidant activities with the minimum IC50 values of 34.8±0.43 mcg/ml in scavenging of hydroxyl radical and moreover AEDI showed minimum IC50 values of 94.51±0.84 mcg/ml in Fe(2+)chelating assay. EEDI on the reducing power assay and ABTS showed higher IC50 than standard AA. IC50 values of AEDI on Fe(2+) chelating assay and super oxide radical assay was lesser than IC50 value of AA. Both extracts at 250mcg/ml dose showed remarkable increase in the percentage of dead cancer cells (90% by EEDI and 86% by AEDI in DAL model and 89% by EEDI and 80% by AEDI in EAC model). CONCLUSION It is concluded from this study that D.indica L exhibited excellent antioxidant activity against the different in vitro antioxidant models and anticancer activity against the two different cell lines tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raju Asirvatham
- Department of Pharmacology, Shri Rawatpura Sarkar Institute of Pharmacy, Datia, Mathya Pradesh, India
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Christina AJM, Saraswathy GR, Robert SJH, Kothai R, Chidambaranathan N, Nalini G, Therasal RL. Inhibition of CCl4-induced liver fibrosis by Piper longum Linn.? Phytomedicine 2006; 13:196-8. [PMID: 16428029 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2004.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2003] [Accepted: 01/15/2004] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
This study was carried out to evaluate the antifibrotic effect of ethanol extract of the fruits of Indian herb Piper longum Linn. Liver fibrosis was induced in rats by CCl(4) administration. The extent of liver fibrosis was assessed by measuring the level of liver hydroxy proline (HP) and serum enzyme levels. Following CCl(4) administration HP was significantly increased and serum enzyme levels were elevated. Treatment with the ethanol extract of Piper longum Linn. reduced the HP and also the serum enzymes. The liver weight that increased following CCl(4) administration due to the deposition of collagen was reduced by the ethanol extract. Hence, it is concluded that this extract inhibits liver fibrosis induced by CCl(4).
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Affiliation(s)
- A J M Christina
- Department of Pharmacology, KM College of Pharmacy, Uthangudi, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Arul B, Kothai R, Sureshkumar K, Christina AJM. Anti-inflammatory activity of Coldenia procumbens Linn. Pak J Pharm Sci 2005; 18:17-20. [PMID: 16380339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Anti-inflammatory activity of the ethanolic extract of the aerial parts of Coldenia procumbens Linn. was studied in Wister rats using the carrageenan induced left hind paw edema, carrageenan induced pleurisy and cotton pellet induced granuloma model. The ethanolic extract (150 mg/kg, p.o.) produced the inhibition of carrageenan induced rat paw edema. It also showed an inhibitory effect on leukocyte migration and a reduction on the pleural exudates as well as reduction on the granuloma weight in the cotton pellet granuloma method. The results indicated that the ethanolic extract produced significant (P<0.001) anti-inflammatory activity when compared with the standard and untreated control.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Arul
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Vinayaka Mission's College of Pharmacy, Yercaud Main Road, Salem-636 008, Tamilnadu, India.
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Kothai R, Arul B, Kumar KS, Christina AJM. Hypoglycemic and antiperglycemic effects of Semecarpus anacardium linn in normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rats. J Herb Pharmacother 2005; 5:49-56. [PMID: 16260409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The effect of ethanolic extract of dried nuts of Semecarpus anacardium on blood glucose level was investigated in both normal and alloxan induced diabetic rats. The blood glucose levels were measured at 0, 1, 2 and 3 hours after the treatment. The ethanolic extract of S. anacardium (100 mg/kg) reduced the blood glucose of normal rat from 84 +/- 1.4 to 67 +/- 1.7 mg/dl, 3 hours after oral administration of the extract (P < 0.05). It also significantly lowered blood glucose level in alloxan induced diabetic rat from 325 +/- 2.2 to 144 +/- 1.4 mg/dl, 3 hours after oral administration of the extract (P < 0.05). The antihyperglycemic activity of S. anacardium was compared with tolbutamide, an oral hypoglycemic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kothai
- College of Pharmacy, Yercaud Main Road, Salem, Tamil Nadu, 636008, India
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Christina AJM, Ashok K, Packialakshmi M, Tobin GC, Preethi J, Murugesh N. Antilithiatic effect of Asparagus racemosus willd on ethylene glycol induced lithiasis in male albino Wistar rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 27:633-8. [PMID: 16357948 DOI: 10.1358/mf.2005.27.9.939338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The ethanolic extract of Asparagus racemosus Willd. was evaluated for its inhibitory potential on lithiasis (stone formation), induced by oral administration of 0.75% ethylene glycolated water to adult male albino Wistar rats for 28 days. The ionic chemistry of urine was altered by ethylene glycol, which elevated the urinary concentration of crucial ions viz. calcium, oxalate, and phosphate, thereby contributing to renal stone formation. The ethanolic extract, however, significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the elevated level of these ions in urine. Also, it elevated the urinary concentration of magnesium, which is considered as one of the inhibitors of crystallization. The high serum creatinine level observed in ethylene glycol-treated rats was also reduced, following treatment with the extract. The histopathological findings also showed signs of improvement after treatment with the extract. All these observations provided the basis for the conclusion that this plant extract inhibits stone formation induced by ethylene glycol treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J M Christina
- Department of Pharmacology, K.M. College of Pharmacy, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Perianayagam JB, Sharma SK, Joseph A, Christina AJM. Evaluation of anti-pyretic and analgesic activity of Emblica officinalis Gaertn. J Ethnopharmacol 2004; 95:83-5. [PMID: 15374611 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2004.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2003] [Revised: 05/03/2004] [Accepted: 06/29/2004] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The present study was designed to investigate the anti-pyretic and analgesic activity of ethanol (EEO) and aqueous (AEO) extracts of Emblica officinalis fruits in several experimental models. A single oral dose of EEO and AEO (500 mg/kg, i.p.) showed significant reduction in brewer's yeast induced hyperthermia in rats. EEO and AEO also elicited pronounced inhibitory effect on acetic acid-induced writhing response in mice in the analgesic test. Both, EEO and AEO did not show any significant analgesic activity in the tail-immersion test. These findings suggest that extracts of Emblica officinalis fruits possessed potent anti-pyretic and analgesic activity. Preliminary phytochemical screening of the extracts showed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, phenolic compounds, carbohydrates and amino acids, which may be responsible for anti-pyretic and analgesic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- James B Perianayagam
- Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry Division, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University, Hisar-125001, India
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Christina AJM, Joseph DG, Packialakshmi M, Kothai R, Robert SJH, Chidambaranathan N, Ramasamy M. Anticarcinogenic activity of Withania somnifera Dunal against Dalton's ascitic lymphoma. J Ethnopharmacol 2004; 93:359-61. [PMID: 15234777 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2004.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2003] [Revised: 03/05/2004] [Accepted: 04/05/2004] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The effect of ethanolic extract of the root of Withania somnifera Dunal (REWS) against Dalton's Ascitic Lymphoma has been evaluated in Swiss albino mice. A significant increase in the life span and a decrease in the cancer cell number and tumour weight were noted in the tumour-induced mice after treatment with REWS. The hematological parameters were also corrected by REWS in tumour-induced mice. These observations are suggestive of the protective effect of REWS in Dalton's Ascitic Lymphoma (DAL).
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Affiliation(s)
- A J M Christina
- Division of Pharmacology, K.M. College of Pharmacy, Uthangudi, Melur Road, Madurai 625 107, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Christina AJM, Merlin NJ, Vijaya C, Jayaprakash S, Murugesh N. Daily rhythm of nociception in rats. J Circadian Rhythms 2004; 2:2. [PMID: 15043763 PMCID: PMC395843 DOI: 10.1186/1740-3391-2-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2003] [Accepted: 03/25/2004] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Many behavioral and physiological variables exhibit daily rhythmicity. Few investigations of the daily rhythmicity in nociception have been conducted, and conflicting results have been obtained. The present study evaluated the daily rhythmicity in nociception in Wistar rats. Methods Nociception was investigated by Eddy's hot plate method, tail immersion method, and tail clip method. The latency between the noxious stimulus and the animal's response was recorded as reaction time. Separate groups of rats were tested in 4-hour intervals for 24 hours. Results There was clear daily variation in response latency. Reaction time was shortest a few hours before lights-on and longest at the light-dark transition. Conclusion Nociception exhibits robust daily rhythmicity in rats. Sensitivity to pain is highest late in the dark phase of the light-dark cycle and lowest at the light-dark transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- AJM Christina
- Division of Pharmacology, K.M. College of Pharmacy, Uthangudi, Madurai - 625107, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - NJ Merlin
- Division of Pharmacology, K.M. College of Pharmacy, Uthangudi, Madurai - 625107, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - C Vijaya
- Division of Pharmaceutics, K.M. College of Pharmacy, Uthangudi, Madurai - 625107, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Jayaprakash
- Division of Pharmaceutics, K.M. College of Pharmacy, Uthangudi, Madurai - 625107, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N Murugesh
- Institute of Pharmacology, Madurai Medical College, Madurai - 625107, Tamil Nadu, India
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Arul B, Kothai R, Christina AJM. Hypoglycemic and antihyperglycemic effect of Semecarpus anacardium Linn in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 26:759-62. [PMID: 15672117 DOI: 10.1358/mf.2004.26.10.872556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The effect of ethanolic extract of dried nuts of Semecarpus anacardium on blood glucose was investigated in both normal (hypoglycemic) and streptozotocin-induced diabetic (antihyperglycemic) rats. The blood glucose levels were measured at 0, 1, 2 and 3 h after the treatment. The ethanolic extract of S. anacardium (100 mg/kg) reduced the blood glucose of normal rats from 85.83 +/- 1.55 to 65.83 +/- 2.20 mg/dl, 3 h after oral administration of the extract (p < 0.05). It also significantly lowered blood glucose levels in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats from 335.33 +/- 4.90 to 132.17 +/- 4.49 mg/dl, 3 h after oral administration of the extract (p < 0.05). The antihyperglycemic activity of S. anacardium was compared with tolbutamide, a sulfonyl urea derivative used in diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Arul
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Vinayaka Mission's College of Pharmacy, Tamilnadu, India.
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Christina AJM, Alwin Jose M, Heison Robert SJ, Kothai R, Chidambaranathan N, Muthumani P. Effect of Indigofera aspalathoides against Dalton's ascitic lymphoma. Fitoterapia 2003; 74:280-3. [PMID: 12727494 DOI: 10.1016/s0367-326x(03)00038-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The effect of intraperitoneal injection of 400 mg/kg of ethanolic extract of Indigofera aspalathoides (EEIA) against Dalton's ascitic lymphoma has been evaluated in Swiss albino mice. A significant increase in the life span, a decrease in the cancer cell count and body weight were noted in the tumour-induced mice after treatment with EEIA. These observations indicate that the plant is having protective effect in Dalton's ascitic lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J M Christina
- Division of Pharmacology, K M College of Pharmacy, Uthangudi, Melur Road, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Christina AJM, Priya Mole M, Moorthy P. Studies on the antilithic effect of Rotula aquatica lour in male Wistar rats. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol 2002; 24:357-9. [PMID: 12224442 DOI: 10.1358/mf.2002.24.6.693068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The decoction of Rotula aquatica lour was screened for antilithic activity in male Wistar rats and the results were summarized based on the ionic changes in both urine and serum. Nephrolithiasis was induced in rats by feeding them 3% glycolic acid mixed feed for 45 days, which resulted in high urinary calcium, oxalate and high serum potassium. Simultaneous treatment with the decoction reduced calcium and oxalate ion concentration in urine, confirming the stone inhibitory effect. Histopathological studies of kidney tissue samples further substantiated the findings. The decoction was found to be nontoxic over the 45-day treatment period.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J M Christina
- Department of Pharmacology, K.M. College of Pharmacology, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Christina AJM, Packia Lakshmi M, Nagarajan M, Kurian S. Modulatory effect of Cyclea peltata Lam. on stone formation induced by ethylene glycol treatment in rats. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol 2002; 24:77-9. [PMID: 12040886 DOI: 10.1358/mf.2002.24.2.677130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The inhibitory effect of the root of Cyclea peltata Lam. on nephrolithiasis induced in rats by feeding with ethylene glycolated water (1%) for 35 days was summarized. Ethylene glycol administration led to oxalate stone formation, as indicated by its high level in urine. Complementary to this anion, the cation calcium level in urine was elevated. These two ions may have contributed to the formation of calcium oxalate stones. In addition to high serum potassium, a low serum magnesium level contributed to stone formation. Simultaneous administration of the powdered root of Cyclea peltata resulted in decreased urinary oxalate and calcium. Likewise, serum potassium was lowered and magnesium was elevated. These observations provided the basis for the conclusion that this plant inhibits the stone formation induced by ethylene glycol treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J M Christina
- Department of Pharmacology, K.M. College of Pharmacy, Tamil Nadu, India.
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