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Zahoor AF, Saeed S, Rasul A, Noreen R, Irfan A, Ahmad S, Faisal S, Al-Hussain SA, Saeed MA, Muhammed MT, Muhammad ZA, Zaki MEA. Synthesis, Cytotoxic, and Computational Screening of Some Novel Indole-1,2,4-Triazole-Based S-Alkylated N-Aryl Acetamides. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3078. [PMID: 38002078 PMCID: PMC10669176 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11113078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular hybridization has emerged as the prime and most significant approach for the development of novel anticancer chemotherapeutic agents for combating cancer. In this pursuit, a novel series of indole-1,2,4-triazol-based N-phenyl acetamide structural motifs 8a-f were synthesized and screened against the in vitro hepatocellular cancer Hep-G2 cell line. The MTT assay was applied to determine the anti-proliferative potential of novel indole-triazole compounds 8a-f, which displayed cytotoxicity potential as cell viabilities at 100 µg/mL concentration, by using ellipticine and doxorubicin as standard reference drugs. The remarkable prominent bioactive structural hybrids 8a, 8c, and 8f demonstrated good-to-excellent anti-Hep-G2 cancer chemotherapeutic potential, with a cell viability of (11.72 ± 0.53), (18.92 ± 1.48), and (12.93 ± 0.55), respectively. The excellent cytotoxicity efficacy against the liver cancer cell line Hep-G2 was displayed by the 3,4-dichloro moiety containing indole-triazole scaffold 8b, which had the lowest cell viability (10.99 ± 0.59) compared with the standard drug ellipticine (cell viability = 11.5 ± 0.55) but displayed comparable potency in comparison with the standard drug doxorubicin (cell viability = 10.8 ± 0.41). The structure-activity relationship (SAR) of indole-triazoles 8a-f revealed that the 3,4-dichlorophenyl-based indole-triazole structural hybrid 8b displayed excellent anti-Hep-G2 cancer chemotherapeutic efficacy. The in silico approaches such as molecular docking scores, molecular dynamic simulation stability data, DFT, ADMET studies, and in vitro pharmacological profile clearly indicated that indole-triazole scaffold 8b could be the lead anti-Hep-G2 liver cancer therapeutic agent and a promising anti-Hep-G2 drug candidate for further clinical evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameer Fawad Zahoor
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (A.F.Z.); (A.I.)
| | - Sadaf Saeed
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (A.F.Z.); (A.I.)
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Department of Zoology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Razia Noreen
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ali Irfan
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (A.F.Z.); (A.I.)
| | - Sajjad Ahmad
- Department of Health and Biological Sciences, Abasyn University, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan
- Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Beirut P.O. Box 36, Lebanon
- Department of Natural Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut P.O. Box 36, Lebanon
| | - Shah Faisal
- Department of Chemistry, Islamia College University Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Sami A. Al-Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Athar Saeed
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (A.F.Z.); (A.I.)
| | - Muhammed Tilahun Muhammed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta 32000, Türkiye
| | - Zeinab A. Muhammad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), Giza 12311, Egypt
| | - Magdi E. A. Zaki
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
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Zahira A, Sultana S, Rasul A, Sultana T, Hassan M. Hepatoprotective effects of almond shells against carbon tetrachloride induced liver injury in albino rats. Saudi J Biol Sci 2023; 30:103811. [PMID: 37920798 PMCID: PMC10618483 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2023.103811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver injury is a prevalent pathological process that can give rise to conditions such as fatty liver, cirrhosis, fibrosis, and even cancer. It has been observed that plants and natural products possess significant protective effects against liver injury. Current study was performed to investigate the efficacy of almonds shell against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced hepatotoxicity in rat model. As almonds shell contain a large variety of phenolic and flavonoid compounds, which are largely associated with antioxidant and hepatoprotective properties. For this purpose, screening of small-scale library of twenty plant extracts was performed for evaluation of antioxidant potential by DPPH assay. The data revealed that almonds shell extract (ASEE) exhibited potent antioxidant activity. This potent extract was further evaluated for hepatoprotective activity in in vivo rat model on 30 rats, divided into 6 groups of 5 rats each. On 29th day all rats were sacrificed and blood serum was collected for further analysis. Liver tissues were also preserved in formalin for histopathology. The results demonstrated that ASEE displayed a protective effect on liver function tests (LFT), renal function tests (RFT), and lipid biomarkers in comparison to the CCl4 group. The histological data also unveiled a substantial safeguarding impact on liver damage, characterized by a reduction in apoptosis, diminished liver hemorrhage, and decreased accumulation of cellular debris. The data indicates that ethanolic extract from almond shells possesses hepatoprotective potential, suggesting its viability as an alternative source for hepatoprotective drug development after pre-clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andleeb Zahira
- Department of Zoology, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Salma Sultana
- Department of Zoology, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Department of Zoology, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Tayyaba Sultana
- Department of Zoology, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Mudassir Hassan
- Department of Zoology, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Hassan M, Rasul A, Ajmal Shah M, Jabeen F, Sadiqa A. Effect of PENN-DIABEX, a novel polyherbal formulation, in high fat diet streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Saudi J Biol Sci 2023; 30:103816. [PMID: 37841663 PMCID: PMC10568417 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2023.103816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes, a chronic metabolic disorder affecting millions worldwide, presents a significant health challenge characterized by impaired glucose regulation and potential complications. This study examines the antidiabetic effects of a polyherbal formulation (PENN-DIABEX) prepared from five different medicinal plant extracts. The objective is to ascertain its efficacy in managing streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetes in rats. To accomplish this, six distinct groups of rats were involved five with induced diabetes and one serving as a normal control. Among the diabetic groups, one received no treatment, functioning as the diabetic control group. The remaining three groups were administered PHF in three different doses while the 6th group was given metformin. On the last day of the experiment, all rats were sacrificed, and blood samples were taken in collecting tubes to analyze blood biochemical parameters. Additionally, tissue samples from the liver, kidney, and pancreas were preserved in formalin solution for subsequent histopathological activity. The results of the study revealed that treatment with PHF in diabetic rats led to a significant (P < 0.01) improvement in fasting blood glucose levels (FBG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and various biochemical markers including LFTs, RFTs, and lipid profiling. Furthermore, the histology of the liver, kidney, and pancreas indicated that the formulation did not induce any metabolic toxicity. Comparative analysis of the antidiabetic effects of PHF with those of metformin, revealed that the PHF showed better results than the standard drug. This suggests its potential utilization as a safer and alternative approach in the treatment of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mudassir Hassan
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ajmal Shah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Department of Pharmacy, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - Farhat Jabeen
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Sadiqa
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Khushal A, Farooq U, Khan S, Rasul A, Wani TA, Zargar S, Shahzad SA, Bukhari SM, Khan NA. Bioactivity-Guided Synthesis: In Silico and In Vitro Studies of β-Glucosidase Inhibitors to Cope with Hepatic Cytotoxicity. Molecules 2023; 28:6548. [PMID: 37764324 PMCID: PMC10538174 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The major cause of hyperglycemia can generally be attributed to β-glucosidase as per its involvement in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. This clinical condition leads to liver carcinoma (HepG2 cancer). The phthalimides and phthalamic acid classes possess inhibitory potential against glucosidase, forming the basis for designing new phthalimide and phthalamic acid analogs to test their ability as potent inhibitors of β-glucosidase. The study also covers in silico (molecular docking and MD simulations) and in vitro (β-glucosidase and HepG2 cancer cell line assays) analyses. The phthalimide and phthalamic acid derivatives were synthesized, followed by spectroscopic characterization. The mechanistic complexities associated with β-glucosidase inhibition were identified via the docking of the synthesized compounds inside the active site of the protein, and the results were analyzed in terms of the best binding energy and appropriate docking pose. The top-ranked compounds were subjected to extensive MD simulation studies to understand the mode of interaction of the synthesized compounds and binding energies, as well as the contribution of individual residues towards binding affinities. Lower RMSD/RMSF values were observed for 2c and 3c, respectively, in the active site, confirming more stabilized, ligand-bound complexes when compared to the free state. An anisotropic network model was used to unravel the role of loop fluctuation in the context of ligand binding and the dynamics that are distinct to the bound and free states, supported by a 3D surface plot. An in vitro study revealed that 1c (IC50 = 1.26 µM) is far better than standard acarbose (2.15 µM), confirming the potential of this compound against the target protein. Given the appreciable potential of the candidate compounds against β-glucosidase, the synthesized compounds were further tested for their cytotoxic activity against hepatic carcinoma on HepG2 cancer cell lines. The cytotoxicity profile of the synthesized compounds was performed against HepG2 cancer cell lines. The resultant IC50 value (0.048 µM) for 3c is better than the standard (thalidomide: IC50 0.053 µM). The results promise the hypothesis that the synthesized compounds might become potential drug candidates, given the fact that the β-glucosidase inhibition of 1c is 40% better than the standard, whereas compound 3c holds more anti-tumor activity (greater than 9%) against the HepG2 cell line than the known drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneela Khushal
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Umar Farooq
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Sara Khan
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Department of Zoology, GC University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Tanveer A Wani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Seema Zargar
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sohail Anjum Shahzad
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Syed Majid Bukhari
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Nazeer Ahmad Khan
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
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Shah MA, Abuzar SM, Ilyas K, Qadees I, Bilal M, Yousaf R, Kassim RMT, Rasul A, Saleem U, Alves MS, Khan H, Blundell R, Jeandet P. Ginsenosides in cancer: Targeting cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 382:110634. [PMID: 37451663 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Despite the existence of extensive clinical research and novel therapeutic treatments, cancer remains undefeated and the significant cause of death worldwide. Cancer is a disease in which growth of cells goes out of control, being also able to invade other parts of the body. Cellular division is strictly controlled by multiple checkpoints like G1/S and G2/M which, when dysregulated, lead to uncontrollable cell division. The current remedies which are being utilized to combat cancer are monoclonal antibodies, chemotherapy, cryoablation, and bone marrow transplant etc. and these have also been greatly disheartening because of their serious adverse effects like hypotension, neuropathy, necrosis, leukemia relapse and many more. Bioactive compounds derived from natural products have marked the history of the development of novel drug therapies against cancer among which ginsenosides have no peer as they target several signaling pathways, which when abnormally regulated, lead to cancer. Substantial research has reported that ginsenosides like Rb1, Rb2, Rb3, Rc, Rd, Rg3, Rh2 etc. can prevent and treat cancer by targeting different pathways and molecules by induction of autophagy, neutralizing ROS, induction of cancerous cell death by controlling the p53 pathway, modulation of miRNAs by decreasing Smad2 expression, regulating Bcl-2 expression by normalizing the NF-Kb pathway, inhibition of inflammatory pathways by decreasing the production of cytokines like IL-8, causing cell cycle arrest by restricting cyclin E1 and CDC2, and induction of apoptosis during malignancy by decreasing β-catenin levels etc. In this review, we have analyzed the anti-cancer therapeutic potential of various ginsenoside compounds in order to consider their possible use in new strategies in the fight against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Syed Muhammad Abuzar
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Kainat Ilyas
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Irtaza Qadees
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Momna Bilal
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rimsha Yousaf
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Azhar Rasul
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Uzma Saleem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Maria Silvana Alves
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Bioactivity, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Renald Blundell
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malta, Msida, MSD2080, Malta; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Biobanking, University of Malta, MSD2080 Imsida, Malta
| | - Philippe Jeandet
- University of Reims, Research Unit Induced Resistance and Plant Bioprotection USC INRAe 1488 Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, 51100, Reims, France.
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Zarbab A, Sajjad A, Rasul A, Jabeen F, Javaid Iqbal M. Synthesis and characterization of Guar gum based biopolymeric hydrogels as carrier materials for controlled delivery of methotrexate to treat colon cancer. Saudi J Biol Sci 2023; 30:103731. [PMID: 37483836 PMCID: PMC10362795 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2023.103731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Guar Gum has been evaluated for its importance in food and pharmaceutical industry. A blended biopolymeric hydrogel was prepared by solution casting technique using guar gum (GG), chitosan (CS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), chemically crosslinked with tetra orthosilicate (TEOS) and impregnated with methotrexate (MTX) to assess its drug carrying capacity against colon cancer (HCT-116). The surface morphology, chemical bonding, hydrophilicity and water absorbing capacity were analyzed by atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), contact angle measurements and swelling properties in variable conditions. Furthermore, degradation, drug release kinetics, hemocompatibility, and cytotoxicity of MTX-loaded hydrogel was tested. The release of MTX from GG/CS/PVA biopolymeric blend occurred in sustained manner. Results displayed that in 7 h 25 min duration 96% of the drug was released in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) at pH 7.4. These blends were non-hemolytic, and antiproliferative against HCT-116. Furthermore, the MTT assay has revealed that MTX-loaded hydrogel had prominently decreased the cell viability (with IC50 11.7 µg/ml) as compared to free MTX (with IC50 21.57 µg/ml). Hence, these results suggest that guar gum based hydrogels are potential biomaterials for colon cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneeqa Zarbab
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Amna Sajjad
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Farhat Jabeen
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - M. Javaid Iqbal
- Centre of Excellence in Solid State Physics, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
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Munawwar A, Sajjad A, Rasul A, Sattar M, Jabeen F. Dissecting the Role of SMYD2 and Its Inhibitor (LLY-507) in the Treatment of Chemically Induced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) by Using Fe 3O 4 Nanoparticles Drug Delivery System. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:986. [PMID: 37513898 PMCID: PMC10384399 DOI: 10.3390/ph16070986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer therapies based on nanoparticles with a loaded drug can overcome the problem of the drug's toxic effects in the traditional chemotherapeutic approach. In this study, we loaded LLY-507, a potent inhibitor of SMYD2, a methyltransferase enzyme, on iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs). The prepared nanoparticles were characterized by microscopic analysis, loading efficiency, and drug release studies. Microscopic examination revealed an average grain size of 44 nm. The in vitro effect of LLY-507-IONPs, LLY-507, and IONPs was determined by MTT analysis (A549 cells) and hemolysis studies. IONPs have almost negative hemolytic activity in blood. The cell viability assay revealed IC50 values of both LLY-507 alone and LLY-507-loaded IONPs against A549; the lower value of the drug loaded on NPs (0.71 µg/mL alone and 0.53 µg/mL loaded on NPs) shows strong synergistic anticancer potential. We further tested the role of loaded NPs in a urethane-induced lung cancer mouse model (n = 40 mice in three independent trials, 20 mice in control group) to check the role of SMYD2 at various time points of lung cancer development. The loss of SMYD2 due to LLY-507 suppressed tumor growth, emphysema, hemorrhage, and congestion considerably. Hence, it can be concluded that the SMYD2 inhibitor has an anti-inflammatory effect on the mouse lung and suppresses tumor growth by inhibiting the SMYD2 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aasma Munawwar
- Department of Zoology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Amna Sajjad
- Department of Zoology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Department of Zoology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Mehran Sattar
- Department of Zoology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Farhat Jabeen
- Department of Zoology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
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Mahmood A, Munir T, Rasul A, Ghfar AA, Mumtaz S. Polyethylene glycol and chitosan functionalized manganese oxide nanoparticles for antimicrobial and anticancer activities. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 648:907-915. [PMID: 37329602 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Biocompatible polymer-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles could offer promising applications in biomedical sciences. We fabricated polymer functionalized tri-manganese tetra oxide (Mn3O4) nanoparticles with the co-precipitation method and an octahedral crystal structure having a crystallite size of 10-17 nm was identified via XRD analyses. The SEM graph depicted the non-uniform and smooth surface of PEG-functionalized Mn3O4 NPs as compared to Mn3O4 and chitosan-coated Mn3O4 NPs. Elemental composition in the prepared sample was examined by EDX analysis. Various modes such as MnO, MnOH, OH, symmetric, and anti-symmetric of CH2 attached to the spectrum of Mn3O4 NPs were observed with FTIR analysis. The magnetization factor decreased and increase the coreacivity and retentivity of surface functionalized Mn3O4-NPs was calculated via VSM analysis. In-vitro bioassay, antibacterial activity was tested against Escherichiacoli, Bacillus cereus, and anti-fungal activities against two Fusarium strains indicated clear antimicrobial activities. The MTT assay to examine the anticancer activity against the MCF-7 cancer cell line was performed and the T1 MRI contrast agent demonstrated that PEG-coated Mn3O4 NPs exhibited anti-cancer activities. We propose that surface-functionalized magnetic NPs used for the treatment of cancer by using a remote controlled process of hyperthermia therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arslan Mahmood
- Department of Physics, Government College University Faisalabad (GCUF), Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Tariq Munir
- Department of Physics, Government College University Faisalabad (GCUF), Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Department of Zoology, Government College University Faisalabad (GCUF), Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ayman A Ghfar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sohail Mumtaz
- Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
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Munawwar A, Sajjad A, Faisal S, Rasul A, Zarbab A, Bibi A, Ahmad A, Siddique S. Basic Findings of Incidence of Breast Cancer in Allied Hospital Faisalabad, Pakistan: A Retrospective Study. Iran J Public Health 2023; 52:1199-1206. [PMID: 37484147 PMCID: PMC10362829 DOI: 10.18502/ijph.v52i6.13000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women worldwide. We aimed to know the past trends of age-specific breast cancer incidence rates in Faisalabad city. Methods A retrospective study was designed at Allied Hospital Faisalabad (AHF), Pakistan from 2014-2018. Overall, 12742 cancer patients presented throughout these years, out of which 3390 were breast cancer cases. Descriptive statistics were computed and the results were presented as counts and percentage for categorical variables. Means and standard errors were computed for the continuous variables. For testing the association among categorical variables, a chi-square test of independence was used and the p-values less than 0.05 are reported as significant. Results 84.70% patients were diagnosed with invasive breast carcinoma and 15.30% were all other types reported in the Allied Hospital Faisalabad. The incidence of breast cancer was outrageous in the 40-49 year-old age group (1021 patients, 30.12%) and the mean age is 45 in all years. An increase of 34.86% was observed from 2014 to 2018. The comprehensive four-year data (2015 to 2018) were further analyzed for histology, surgery, staging and grading pattern as 2014 files data was insufficient to discuss. The stage III and grade III were most common throughout the years from 2015 to 2018 with 33.9% and 55.71% respectively. Conclusion Breast cancer is diagnosed more commonly in women than in any other type of cancers in Faisalabad city. There is a need to upgrade the existing hospital facilities to make the women diagnose the cancer at an earlier stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aasma Munawwar
- Department of Zoology, Government College, University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Amna Sajjad
- Department of Zoology, Government College, University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shahla Faisal
- Department of Statistics, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Department of Zoology, Government College, University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Aneeqa Zarbab
- Department of Zoology, Government College, University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Afshan Bibi
- Department of Zoology, Government College, University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Adnan Ahmad
- Department of Zoology, Government College, University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Salma Siddique
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, GCU Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
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Norshidah H, Leow CH, Ezleen KE, Wahab HA, Vignesh R, Rasul A, Lai NS. Assessing the potential of NS2B/NS3 protease inhibitors biomarker in curbing dengue virus infections: In silico vs. In vitro approach. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1061937. [PMID: 36864886 PMCID: PMC9971573 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1061937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
An increase in the occurrence of viral infectious diseases is a global concern for human health. According to a WHO report, dengue virus (DENV) is one of the most common viral diseases affecting approximately 400 million people annually, with worsening symptoms in nearly 1% of cases. Both academic and industrial researchers have conducted numerous studies on viral epidemiology, virus structure and function, source and route of infection, treatment targets, vaccines, and drugs. The development of CYD-TDV or Dengvaxia® vaccine has been a major milestone in dengue treatment. However, evidence has shown that vaccines have some drawbacks and limitations. Therefore, researchers are developing dengue antivirals to curb infections. DENV NS2B/NS3 protease is a DENV enzyme essential for replication and virus assembly, making it an interesting antiviral target. For faster hit and lead recognition of DENV targets, methods to screen large number of molecules at lower costs are essential. Similarly, an integrated and multidisciplinary approach involving in silico screening and confirmation of biological activity is required. In this review, we discuss recent strategies for searching for novel DENV NS2B/NS3 protease inhibitors from the in silico and in vitro perspectives, either by applying one of the approaches or by integrating both. Therefore, we hope that our review will encourage researchers to integrate the best strategies and encourage further developments in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harun Norshidah
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia,Universiti Kuala Lumpur-Royal College of Medicine Perak, Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia,*Correspondence: Harun Norshidah, ; Ramachandran Vignesh, ; Ngit Shin Lai,
| | - Chiuan Herng Leow
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | | | - Habibah A. Wahab
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Ramachandran Vignesh
- Universiti Kuala Lumpur-Royal College of Medicine Perak, Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia,*Correspondence: Harun Norshidah, ; Ramachandran Vignesh, ; Ngit Shin Lai,
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ngit Shin Lai
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia,*Correspondence: Harun Norshidah, ; Ramachandran Vignesh, ; Ngit Shin Lai,
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11
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Maqbool J, Anwar H, Rasul A, Imran A, Saadullah M, Malik SA, Shabbir A, Akram R, Sajid F, Zafar S, Saeed S, Akram MN, Islam F, Hussain G, Islam S. Comparative evaluation of ethyl acetate and n‐Hexane extracts of
Cannabis sativa
L. leaves for muscle function restoration after peripheral nerve lesion. Food Sci Nutr 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Javeria Maqbool
- Neurochemicalbiology and Genetics Laboratory (NGL), Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences Government College University Faisalabad Pakistan
- Laboratorie of Neuroimmunologia, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Sapienza University Rome Italy
| | - Haseeb Anwar
- Neurochemicalbiology and Genetics Laboratory (NGL), Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences Government College University Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences Government College University Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Ali Imran
- Department of Food Sciences Government College University Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Malik Saadullah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Shoaib Ahmad Malik
- Department of Biochemistry, Sargodha Medical College University of Sargodha Sargodha Pakistan
| | - Asghar Shabbir
- Department of Biosciences COMSATS University Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Rabia Akram
- Neurochemicalbiology and Genetics Laboratory (NGL), Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences Government College University Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Faiqa Sajid
- Neurochemicalbiology and Genetics Laboratory (NGL), Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences Government College University Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Shamaila Zafar
- Neurochemicalbiology and Genetics Laboratory (NGL), Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences Government College University Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Suman Saeed
- Neurochemicalbiology and Genetics Laboratory (NGL), Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences Government College University Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Numan Akram
- Department of Neurology, Allied Hospital Faisalabad Medical University Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Fakhar Islam
- Department of Food Sciences Government College University Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Hussain
- Neurochemicalbiology and Genetics Laboratory (NGL), Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences Government College University Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Saiful Islam
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Science University of Dhaka Dhaka Bangladesh
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12
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Akhter N, Batool S, Khan SG, Rasool N, Anjum F, Rasul A, Adem Ş, Mahmood S, Rehman AU, Nisa MU, Razzaq Z, Christensen JB, Abourehab MAS, Shah SAA, Imran S. Bio-Oriented Synthesis and Molecular Docking Studies of 1,2,4-Triazole Based Derivatives as Potential Anti-Cancer Agents against HepG2 Cell Line. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:211. [PMID: 37259360 PMCID: PMC9964635 DOI: 10.3390/ph16020211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Triazole-based acetamides serve as important scaffolds for various pharmacologically active drugs. In the present work, structural hybrids of 1,2,4-triazole and acetamides were furnished by chemically modifying 2-(4-isobutylphenyl) propanoic acid (1). Target compounds 7a-f were produced in considerable yields (70-76%) by coupling the triazole of compound 1 with different electrophiles under different reaction conditions. These triazole-coupled acetamide derivatives were verified by physiochemical and spectroscopic (HRMS, FTIR, 13CNMR, and 1HNMR,) methods. The anti-liver carcinoma effects of all of the derivatives against a HepG2 cell line were investigated. Compound 7f, with two methyl moieties at the ortho-position, exhibited the highest anti-proliferative activity among all of the compounds with an IC50 value of 16.782 µg/mL. 7f, the most effective anti-cancer molecule, also had a very low toxicity of 1.190.02%. Molecular docking demonstrates that all of the compounds, especially 7f, have exhibited excellent binding affinities of -176.749 kcal/mol and -170.066 kcal/mol to c-kit tyrosine kinase and protein kinase B, respectively. Compound 7f is recognized as the most suitable drug pharmacophore for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naheed Akhter
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Science, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Sidra Batool
- Department of Chemistry, Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Physical Science, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Samreen Gul Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Physical Science, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Nasir Rasool
- Department of Chemistry, Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Physical Science, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Fozia Anjum
- Department of Chemistry, Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Physical Science, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Şevki Adem
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Çankırı Karatekin University, 18100 Çankırı, Turkey
| | - Sadaf Mahmood
- Department of Chemistry, Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Physical Science, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Aziz ur Rehman
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Mehr un Nisa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Lahore, Lahore 40100, Pakistan
| | - Zainib Razzaq
- Department of Chemistry, Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Physical Science, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Jørn B. Christensen
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mohammed A. S. Abourehab
- Department of Pharmaceutics College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Adnan Ali Shah
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Selangor Kampus Puncak Alam, Bandar Puncak Alam 42300, Selangor D. E., Malaysia
- Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Product Discovery (AuRIns), Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Selangor Kampus Puncak Alam, Bandar Puncak Alam 42300, Selangor D. E., Malaysia
| | - Syahrul Imran
- Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Product Discovery (AuRIns), Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Selangor Kampus Puncak Alam, Bandar Puncak Alam 42300, Selangor D. E., Malaysia
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA Shah Alam, Shah Alam 40450, Selangor D.E., Malaysia
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13
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Refaey MS, Shah MA, Fayed MA, Rasul A, Siddiqui MF, Qasim M, Althobaiti NA, Saleem U, Malik A, Blundell R, Eldahshan OA. Neuroprotective effects of steroids. Phytonutrients and Neurological Disorders 2023:283-304. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-824467-8.00005-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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Khan GB, Qasim M, Rasul A, Ashfaq UA, Alnuqaydan AM. Identification of Lignan Compounds as New 6-Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase Inhibitors for Lung Cancer. Metabolites 2022; 13:metabo13010034. [PMID: 36676959 PMCID: PMC9864769 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13010034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) enzymes has emerged as a promising strategy to combat cancer. 6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6-PGD), the third critical enzyme of the PPP, catalyzes oxidative decarboxylation of 6-phosphogluconate (6-PG) to produce ribulose-5-phosphate (Ru-5-P) and CO2. Overexpression of 6-PGD has been reported in multiple cancers and is recognized as a potential anticancer drug target. The current study is focused on the utilization of indispensable virtual screening tools for structure-based drug discovery. During the study, 17,000 natural compounds were screened against the 3-phosphoglycerate (3-PG) binding site of 6-PGD through a molecular operating environment (MOE), which revealed 115 inhibitors with higher selectivity and binding affinity. Out of the 115 best-fit compounds within the 6-PGD binding cavity, 15 compounds were selected and optimized through stringent in silico ADMET assessment models that justified the desirable pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic and physicochemical profiles of 5 ligands. Further protein−ligand stability assessment through molecular dynamics (MD) simulation illustrated three potential hits, secoisolariciresinol, syringaresinol and cleomiscosin A, with stable confirmation. Moreover, 6-PGD inhibitor validation was performed by an in vitro enzymatic assay using human erythrocytes purified 6-PGD protein and A549 cell lysate protein. The results of the in vitro assays supported the in silico findings. In order to gain insight into the anticancer activity of the aforementioned compounds, they were subjected to CLC-Pred, an in silico cytotoxicity browsing tool, which proved their anticancer activity against several cancer cell lines at Pa > 0.5. Additionally, a confirmation for in silico cytotoxicity was made by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay for commercially available hits syringaresinol and cleomiscosin A against lung cancer (A549) cells. The results demonstrated that syringaresinol has an IC50 value of 36.9 μg/mL, while cleomiscosin A has an IC50 value of 133 μg/mL. After MTT, flow cytometry analysis confirmed that compounds induced apoptosis in A549 cells in a dose-dependent manner. This study suggested that the respective lignan compounds can serve as lead candidates for lung cancer therapy via 6-PGD inhibition. Furthermore, in vivo experiments need to be conducted to confirm their efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gul Bushra Khan
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Qasim
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (M.Q.); (A.M.A.); Tel.: +966-63800050 (ext. 15411) (A.M.A.)
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Usman Ali Ashfaq
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Abdullah M. Alnuqaydan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (M.Q.); (A.M.A.); Tel.: +966-63800050 (ext. 15411) (A.M.A.)
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15
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Shahzadi I, Zahoor AF, Tüzün B, Mansha A, Anjum MN, Rasul A, Irfan A, Kotwica-Mojzych K, Mojzych M. Repositioning of acefylline as anti-cancer drug: Synthesis, anticancer and computational studies of azomethines derived from acefylline tethered 4-amino-3-mercapto-1,2,4-triazole. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0278027. [PMID: 36520942 PMCID: PMC9754256 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel azomethines derived from acefylline tethered triazole hybrids (7a-k) have been synthesized and evaluated against human liver cancer cell line (Hep G2) using MTT assay. The synthesized series of azomethines exhibited promising efficacy against liver cancer cell line. Screening of the synthesized series identified compound 7d with the least cell viability value (11.71 ± 0.39%) as the most potent anticancer agent in contrast to the reference drug acefylline (cell viability = 80 ± 3.87%). In this study, the potentials of the novel agents (7a-k) to inhibit liver cancer proteins were assessed. Subsequently, the structure-activity relationship of the potential drug candidates was assessed via ADME/T molecular screening. The cytotoxic potential of these derivatives was also investigated by hemolysis and thrombolysis. Their hemolytic and thrombolytic studies showed that all of these drugs had very low cytotoxicity and moderate clot lysis activity. Compound 7g (0.26% hemolysis) and 7k (52.1% clot lysis) were the least toxic and moderate thrombolytic agents respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irum Shahzadi
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ameer Fawad Zahoor
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Burak Tüzün
- Plant and Animal Production Department, Technical Sciences Vocational School of Sivas, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Asim Mansha
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naveed Anjum
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Department of Zoology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ali Irfan
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Mariusz Mojzych
- Department of Chemistry, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Siedlce, Poland
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16
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Mahmood S, Khan SG, Rasul A, Christensen JB, Abourehab MAS. Ultrasound Assisted Synthesis and In Silico Modelling of 1,2,4-Triazole Coupled Acetamide Derivatives of 2-(4-Isobutyl phenyl)propanoic acid as Potential Anticancer Agents. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27227984. [PMID: 36432091 PMCID: PMC9698963 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of an economical method for the synthesis of biologically active compounds was the major goal of this research. In the present study, we have reported the ultrasound-radiation-assisted synthesis of a series of novel N-substituted 1,2,4-triazole-2-thiol derivatives. The target compounds 6a−f were efficiently synthesized in significant yields (75−89%) by coupling 1,2,4-triazole of 2-(4-isobutylphenyl) propanoic acid 1 with different electrophiles using ultrasound radiation under different temperatures. The sonication process accelerated the rate of the reaction as well as yielded all derivatives compared to conventional methods. All derivatives were confirmed by spectroscopic (FTIR, 1HNMR, 13CNMR, HRMS) and physiochemical methods. All derivatives were further screened for their anticancer effects against the HepG2 cell line. Compound 6d containing two electron-donating methyl moieties demonstrated the most significant anti-proliferative activity with an IC50 value of 13.004 µg/mL, while compound 6e showed the lowest potency with an IC50 value of 28.399 µg/mL. The order of anticancer activity was found to be: 6d > 6b > 6f > 6a > 6c > 6e, respectively. The in silico modelling of all derivatives was performed against five different protein targets and the results were consistent with the biological activities. Ligand 6d showed the best binding affinity with the Protein Kinase B (Akt) pocket with the lowest ∆G value of −176.152 kcal/mol. Compound 6d has been identified as a promising candidate for treatment of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadaf Mahmood
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Samreen Gul Khan
- Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (S.G.K.); (M.A.S.A.); Tel.: +92-300-427-0077 (S.G.K.)
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Jørn Bolstad Christensen
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, 1870 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mohammed A. S. Abourehab
- Department of Pharmaceutics College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (S.G.K.); (M.A.S.A.); Tel.: +92-300-427-0077 (S.G.K.)
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17
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Shah MA, Hamid A, Faheem HI, Rasul A, Baokbah TAS, Haris M, Yousaf R, Saleem U, Iqbal S, Alves MS, Khan Z, Hussain G, Alsharfi I, Khan H, Jeandet P. Uncovering the Anticancer Potential of Polydatin: A Mechanistic Insight. Molecules 2022; 27:7175. [PMID: 36364001 PMCID: PMC9656535 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Polydatin or 3-O-β-d-resveratrol-glucopyranoside (PD), a stilbenoid component of Polygonum cuspicadum (Polygonaceae), has a variety of biological roles. In traditional Chinese medicine, P. cuspicadum extracts are used for the treatment of infections, inflammation, and cardiovascular disorders. Polydatin possesses a broad range of biological activities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, and immunostimulatory effects. Currently, a major proportion of the population is victimized with cervical lung cancer, ovarian cancer and breast cancer. PD has been recognized as a potent anticancer agent. PD could effectively inhibit the migration and proliferation of ovarian cancer cells, as well as the expression of the PI3K protein. The malignancy of lung cancer cells was reduced after PD treatments via targeting caspase 3, arresting cancer cells at the S phase and inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome by downregulation of the NF-κB pathway. This ceases cell cycle, inhibits VEGF, and counteracts ROS in breast cancer. It also prevents cervical cancer by regulating epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), apoptosis, and the C-Myc gene. The objective of this review is thus to unveil the polydatin anticancer potential for the treatment of various tumors, as well as to examine the mechanisms of action of this compound.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ayesha Hamid
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Hafiza Ishmal Faheem
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Tourki A. S. Baokbah
- Department of Medical Emergency Services, College of Health Sciences-AlQunfudah, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Haris
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiteit Gent, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Rimsha Yousaf
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Uzma Saleem
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Shabnoor Iqbal
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Maria Silvana Alves
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Bioactivity, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, Brazil
| | - Zahid Khan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science & Technology, Karachi 75300, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Hussain
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ifat Alsharfi
- Department of Biology, Jamoum University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Philippe Jeandet
- Research Unit Induced Resistance and Plant Bioprotection, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, USC INRAe 1488, 51100 Reims, France
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Sarfraz I, Rasul A, Jabeen F, Sultana T, Adem Ş. Identification of Natural Compounds as Inhibitors of Pyruvate Kinase M2 for Cancer Treatment. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27207113. [PMID: 36296707 PMCID: PMC9609560 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27207113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The reliance of tumor cells on aerobic glycolysis is one of the emerging hallmarks of cancer. Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), an important enzyme of glycolytic pathway, is highly expressed in a number of cancer cells. Tumor cells heavily depend on PKM2 to fulfill their divergent energetic and biosynthetic requirements, suggesting it as novel drug target for cancer therapies. Based on this context, we performed enzymatic-assay-based screening of the in-house phenolic compounds library for the identification of PKM2 inhibitors. This screening identified silibinin, curcumin, resveratrol, and ellagic acid as potential inhibitors of PKM2 with IC50 values of 0.91 µM, 1.12 µM, 3.07 µM, and 4.20 µM respectively. For the determination of Ki constants and the inhibition type of hit compounds, Lineweaver–Burk graphs were plotted. Silibinin and ellagic acid performed the competitive inhibition of PKM2 with Ki constants of 0.61 µM and 5.06 µM, while curcumin and resveratrol were identified as non-competitive inhibitors of PKM2 with Ki constants of 1.20 µM and 7.34 µM. The in silico screening of phenolic compounds against three binding sites of PKM2 provided insight into the binding pattern and functionally important amino residues of PKM2. Further, the evaluation of cytotoxicity via MTT assay demonstrated ellagic acid as potent inhibitor of cancer cell growth (IC50 = 20 µM). These results present ellagic acid, silibinin, curcumin, and resveratrol as inhibitors of PKM2 to interrogate metabolic reprogramming in cancer cells. This study has also provided the foundation for further research to validate the potential of identified bioactive entities for PKM2 targeted-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iqra Sarfraz
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +92-321-8409546
| | - Farhat Jabeen
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Tayyaba Sultana
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Şevki Adem
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Cankiri Karatekin University, Cankiri 18100, Turkey
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19
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Tanveer A, Akhtar B, Sharif A, Saleem U, Rasul A, Ahmad A, Jilani K. Pathogenic role of cytokines in COVID-19, its association with contributing co-morbidities and possible therapeutic regimens. Inflammopharmacology 2022; 30:1503-1516. [PMID: 35948809 PMCID: PMC9365214 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-01040-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The Covid-19, a threatening pandemic, was originated from China in December 2019 and spread quickly to all over the world. The pathogenesis of coronavirus is linked with the disproportionate response of the immune system. This involves the systemic inflammatory reaction which is characterized by marked pro-inflammatory cytokine release commonly known as cytokine release storm (CRS). The pro inflammatory cytokines are involved in cascade of pulmonary inflammation, hyper coagulation and thrombosis which may be lethal for the individual. That’s why, it is very important to have understanding of pro inflammatory cytokines and their pathological role in SARS-CoV-2. The pathogenesis of Covid is not the same in every individual, it can vary due to the presence of pre-existing comorbidities like suffering from already an inflammatory disease such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), an immune-compromised patients suffering from Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and Tuberculosis (TB) are more vulnerable morbidity and complications following COVID-19. This review is particularly related to COVID-19 patients having comorbidity of other inflammatory diseases. We have discussed the brief pathogenesis of COVID-19 and cytokines release storm with reference to other co-morbidities including RA, IBD, COPD, DM and TB. The available therapeutic regimens for COVID-19 including cytokine inhibitors, anti-viral, anti-biotic, bronchodilators, JAK- inhibitors, immunomodulators and anti-fibrotic agents have also been discussed briefly. Moreover, newly emerging medicines in the clinical trials have also been discussed which are found to be effective in treating Covid-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Tanveer
- Institute of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Akhtar
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Ali Sharif
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Allied Health Sciences, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Uzma Saleem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Aftab Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Center of Advanced Studies in Agriculture and Food Security (CAS-AFS), University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Kashif Jilani
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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20
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Kanwal L, Ali S, Rasul A, Tahir HM. Smilax china root extract as a novel Glucose- 6-phosphate dehydrogenase inhibitor for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:103400. [PMID: 35991850 PMCID: PMC9382562 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.103400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment is to target altered tumor metabolism. Glucose- 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) has been recently discovered to be implicated in apoptosis and angiogenesis, making it an excellent target in cancer treatment. The current study aimed to screen the plant extracts library to find potent hits against G6PD through enzymatic assay. Protein expression was induced by IPTG and purified using Ni-NTA columns after transformation of the pET-24a-HmG6PD plasmid into E. coli BL21-DE3 strain. An enzymatic assay was established by using purified rG6PD protein, for the screening of G6PD inhibitors. Out of 46 plant extracts screened, the sixteen plant extracts have shown inhibitory activity against the G6PD enzyme. At doses from 1 to 4 µg/ml, this extract demonstrated concentration-dependent inhibition of G6PD with an IC50 value of I.397 µg/ml. Moreover, the anticancer activity evaluation against HepG2 cells determined Smilax china as a potent inhibitor of cancer cells (IC50 value of 16.017 μg/ml). The acute and subacute toxicities were not observed in mice with various concentrations (50, 100, 200 and 2000 mg/kg). Furthermore, to identify the compounds from Smilax china as G6PD inhibitors, a literature-based phytochemical investigation of Smilax china was conducted, and sixty compounds were docked against the NADP+ and G6P binding sites of G6PD. The results of this study showed that three compounds were Scirpusin A, Smilachinin and Daucosterol with MolDock Score of −156.832, −148.215, and −145.733 respectively, against NADP+ binding site of G6PD. Conclusively, Smilax china root extract could be a safer drug candidate for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lubna Kanwal
- Department of Zoology, University of Okara, Okara, Pakistan
- Applied Entomology and Medical Toxicology Laboratory Department of Zoology, Government College University Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shaukat Ali
- Applied Entomology and Medical Toxicology Laboratory Department of Zoology, Government College University Lahore, Pakistan
- Corresponding author at: Applied Entomology and Medical Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Government College University Lahore, Pakistan. Tel.: +92-3054190596.
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Department of Zoology, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Tahir
- Applied Entomology and Medical Toxicology Laboratory Department of Zoology, Government College University Lahore, Pakistan
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21
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Shah MA, Haris M, Faheem HI, Hamid A, Yousaf R, Rasul A, Shah GM, Khalil AAK, Wahab A, Khan H, Alhasani RH, Althobaiti NA. Cross-Talk between Obesity and Diabetes: Introducing Polyphenols as an Effective Phytomedicine to Combat the Dual Sword Diabesity. Curr Pharm Des 2022; 28:1523-1542. [PMID: 35762558 DOI: 10.2174/1381612828666220628123224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
: Obesity-associated diabetes mellitus, a chronic metabolic affliction accounting for 90% of all diabetic patients, has been affecting humanity extremely badly and escalating the risk of developing other serious disorders. It is observed that 0.4 billion people globally have diabetes, whose major cause is obesity. Currently, innumerable synthetic drugs like alogliptin and rosiglitazone are being used to get through diabetes, but they have certain complications, restrictions with severe side effects, and toxicity issues. Recently, the frequency of plant-derived phytochemicals as advantageous substitutes against diabesity is increasing progressively due to their unparalleled benefit of producing less side effects and toxicity. Of these phytochemicals, dietary polyphenols have been accepted as potent agents against the dual sword "diabesity". These polyphenols target certain genes and molecular pathways through dual mechanisms such as adiponectin upregulation, cannabinoid receptor antagonism, free fatty acid oxidation, ghrelin antagonism, glucocorticoid inhibition, sodium-glucose cotransporter inhibition, oxidative stress and inflammation inhibition etc. which sequentially help to combat both diabetes and obesity. In this review, we have summarized the most beneficial natural polyphenols along with their complex molecular pathways during diabesity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Muhammad Haris
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Hafiza Ishmal Faheem
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Hamid
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rimsha Yousaf
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Mujtaba Shah
- Department of Pharmacy, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan.,Department of Botany, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - Atif Ali Khan Khalil
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Wahab
- Department of Pharmacy, Kohat University of Science & Technology, Kohat, Pakistan
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Reem Hasaballah Alhasani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, 21961 Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nora A Althobaiti
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities-Al Quwaiiyah, Shaqra University, Al Quwaiiyah, Saudi Arabia
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22
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Akhtar R, Noreen R, Raza Z, Rasul A, Zahoor AF. Synthesis, Anticancer Evaluation, and In Silico Modeling Study of Some N-Acylated Ciprofloxacin Derivatives. Russ J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s107042802204011x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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23
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Shahzadi I, Parveen B, Ahmad S, Gul Khan S, Zahoor AF, Rasul A, Zahid FM. In-vitro cytotoxic evaluation, hemolytic and thrombolytic potential of newly designed acefylline based hydrazones as potent anticancer agents against human lung cancer cell line (A549). Pak J Pharm Sci 2022; 35:885-889. [PMID: 35791583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Hydrazones of theophylline-7-acetic acid 5a-g have been synthesized using ultrasonic irradiation as well as conventional heating system and analyzed for their anticancer characteristics against human lung cancer cell line (A549). Compound 5g with cell viability 33.19±0.49% (100 μg/μL) compared to the starting reference drug acefylline having cell viability 86.32±11.75% (100 μg/μL) was found to be the most active anticancer agent among all. The synthesized derivatives were also exposed to hemolytic and thrombolytic studies to determine their cytotoxic profile and results revealed their low toxicity and moderate clot lysis activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irum Shahzadi
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Parveen
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sajjad Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Engineering and Technology Lahore, Faisalabad Campus, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Samreen Gul Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ameer Fawad Zahoor
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Department of Zoology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Faisal Maqbool Zahid
- Department of Statistics, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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24
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Salim M, Saeed A, Iqbal M, Khan BA, Khan N, Rabbani I, Alsenani F, Rasul A. Phytochemical screening and evaluation of antioxidant, total phenolic and flavonoid contents in various weed plants associated with wheat crops. BRAZ J BIOL 2022; 84:e256486. [PMID: 35293544 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.256486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study explores the antioxidant activity, phytochemical screening, total phenolic and flavonoids contents in the extracts of four locally available weeds plants namely Convolvulus arvensis, Chenopodium murale, Avena fatua and Phalaris minor with different solvents. The antioxidant activities of these extracts were determined via various in-vitro methods such as total antioxidant activity (TAA), reducing power (RP), DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging and hydrogen peroxide scavenging assays. Phytochemical screening was performed both qualitatively as well as quantitatively. Total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) were determined through Folin- Ciocalteu reagent and aluminium chloride methods respectively. Methanol-chloroform solvent showed the presence of a high amount of TPC in milligram of gallic acid equivalent per gram of dry weight (mg of GAE/g of DW) in the extracts of all weeds. Their descending sequence was Avena fatua (74.09) ˃ Phalaris minor (65.66) ˃ Chenopodium murale (64.04) ˃ Convolvulus arvensis (61.905), while, chloroform solvent found to be best solvent for the extraction of TFC. Methanol-chloroform solvent was also found to be best solvent for TAA (Total antioxidant activity assay) which showed values in milligram of ascorbic acid equivalent per gram of dry weight (mg of AAE /g of DW), for DPPH scavenging activity, reducing power (antioxidant activity) and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity. Phytochemical screening indicated the presence of polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, alkaloids and glycosides in these weeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Salim
- Gomal University, Department of Biological Sciences, D. I. Khan, Pakistan
| | - A Saeed
- Gomal University, Department of Biological Sciences, D. I. Khan, Pakistan
| | - M Iqbal
- Gomal University, Faculty of Pharmacy, D. I. Khan, Pakistan
| | - B A Khan
- Gomal University, Faculty of Pharmacy, D. I. Khan, Pakistan
| | - N Khan
- Gomal University, Faculty of Pharmacy, D. I. Khan, Pakistan
| | - I Rabbani
- Kohat University of Science & Technology, Department of Pharmacy, Kohat, Pakistan
| | - F Alsenani
- Umm Al Qura University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Rasul
- Government College University, Department of Pharmaceutics, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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25
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Ahmad N, Hussain SM, Rasul A, Shahzad MM, Javid A, Azmat H, Arsalan MZUH, Tabassum S, Ahmad B. Effect of Nano-Se Particles Supplemented Sunflower Meal Based Diets on Mineral Absorption and Carcass Composition of Cirrhinus mrigala Fingerlings. PAK J ZOOL 2022. [DOI: 10.17582/journal.pjz/20190421160425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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26
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Hussain SM, Gohar H, Asrar M, Shahzad MM, Rasul A, Hussain M, Arsalan MZUH, Ahmad N, Sharif A. Effects of Polyphenols Supplemented Canola Meal Based Diet on Proximate Composition, Minerals Absorption and Hematology of Cyprinus carpio Fingerlings. PAK J ZOOL 2022. [DOI: 10.17582/journal.pjz/20190214170258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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27
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Bukhari SA, Yasmin A, Rasul A, Zahoor MA, Mustafa G, Al Farraj DA, Darwish NM, Aleya L, Rehman A. Identification of Ascorbic Acid and Gallic Acid as Novel Inhibitors of Secreted Frizzled-Related Protein for the Treatment of Obesity-Induced Type 2 Diabetes. Dose Response 2022; 20:15593258211069707. [PMID: 35145353 PMCID: PMC8822024 DOI: 10.1177/15593258211069707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) has been reported as major public health issue rising at an alarming rate worldwide, and obesity is the leading risk factor for the development of T2D. Secreted frizzled-related protein 4 (SFRP4) released with inflammatory mediators from adipose tissues constrains the exocytosis of insulin containing granules from the pancreatic islets that leads towards the development to T2D. The significant overexpression of SFRP4 in diabetic patients and its involvement in islet dysfunction suggest its critical role in the development of diabetes. Thus, this study was designed to explore the potential of ascorbic acid (AA) and gallic acid (GA) against SFRP4 for the treatment of diabetes. Molecular docking approach was used for the prediction of binding interactions of AA and GA at the active pocket of SFRP4. Docking analysis indicated strong binding interactions of AA and GA to the amino acid residues at the active site of SFRP4. A significant reduction in the level of SFRP4 was observed in transfected cells treated with AA and GA. For the evaluation of the cytotoxicity of AA and GA against HepG2 cells, MTT assay was performed. The results of MTT assay demonstrated that AA and GA are non-cytotoxic towards HepG2 cells at concentration of 15 μM. The oral administration of AA and GA to diet-induced obese mice caused significant reduction in body weight, blood glucose level, and SFRP4 expression. The results of this study suggest that AA and GA have potential for the treatment of obesity-induced T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shazia Anwer Bukhari
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Aysha Yasmin
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Department of Zoology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Ghulam Mustafa
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Dunia A. Al Farraj
- Faculty of science, Ain Shams University, Biochemistry Department, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Noura M. Darwish
- Faculty of science, Ain Shams University, Biochemistry Department, Cairo, Egypt
- Ministry of Health Laboratories, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Lotfi Aleya
- Laboratoire Chrono-Environnement, CNRS6249, Universite de Bourgogne Franche-Comte, Besancon, France
| | - Asim Rehman
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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28
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Irfan A, Faiz S, Rasul A, Zafar R, Zahoor AF, Kotwica-Mojzych K, Mojzych M. Exploring the Synergistic Anticancer Potential of Benzofuran-Oxadiazoles and Triazoles: Improved Ultrasound- and Microwave-Assisted Synthesis, Molecular Docking, Hemolytic, Thrombolytic and Anticancer Evaluation of Furan-Based Molecules. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27031023. [PMID: 35164286 PMCID: PMC8838991 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27031023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasound- and microwave-assisted green synthetic strategies were applied to furnish benzofuran–oxadiazole 5a–g and benzofuran–triazole 7a–h derivatives in good to excellent yields (60–96%), in comparison with conventional methods (36–80% yield). These synthesized derivatives were screened for hemolysis, thrombolysis and anticancer therapeutic potential against an A549 lung cancer cell line using an MTT assay. Derivatives 7b (0.1%) and 5e (0.5%) showed the least toxicity against RBCs. Hybrid 7f showed excellent thrombolysis activity (61.4%) when compared against reference ABTS. The highest anticancer activity was displayed by the 5d structural hybridwith cell viability 27.49 ± 1.90 and IC50 6.3 ± 0.7 μM values, which were considerably lower than the reference drug crizotinib (IC50 8.54 ± 0.84 μM). Conformational analysis revealed the spatial arrangement of compound 5d, which demonstrated its significant potency in comparison with crizotinib; therefore, scaffold 5d would be a promising anticancer agent on the basis of cytotoxicity studies, as well as in silico modeling studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Irfan
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (A.I.); (S.F.)
| | - Sadia Faiz
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (A.I.); (S.F.)
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Department of Zoology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
| | - Rehman Zafar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Riphah International University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan;
| | - Ameer Fawad Zahoor
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (A.I.); (S.F.)
- Correspondence: or (A.F.Z.); or (M.M.)
| | - Katarzyna Kotwica-Mojzych
- Department of Histology, Embryology and Cytophysiology, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwiłłowska 11, 20-080 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Mariusz Mojzych
- Department of Chemistry, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, 3-Go Maja 54, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland
- Correspondence: or (A.F.Z.); or (M.M.)
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29
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Zara R, Rasul A, Sultana T, Jabeen F, Selamoglu Z. Identification of Macrolepiota procera extract as a novel G6PD inhibitor for the treatment of lung cancer. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:3372-3379. [PMID: 35865797 PMCID: PMC9295138 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor metabolism, an emerging hallmark of cancer, is characterized by aberrant expression of enzymes from various metabolic pathways including glycolysis and PPP (pentose phosphate pathway). Glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD), oxidative carboxylases of PPP, have been reported to accomplish different biosynthetic and energy requirements of cancer cells. G6PD and 6PGD have been proposed as potential therapeutic targets for cancer therapy during recent years due to their overexpression in various cancers. Here, we have employed enzymatic assay based screening using in-house G6PD and 6PGD assay protocols for the identification of mushroom extracts which could inhibit G6PD or 6PGD enzymatic activity for implications in cancer therapy. For the fulfillment of the objectives of present study, nine edible mushrooms were subjected to green extraction for preparation of ethanolic extracts. 6xhis-G6PD and pET-28a-h6PGD plasmids were expressed in BL21-DE3 E. coli cells for the expression and purification of protein of interests. Using purified proteins, in house enzymatic assay protocols were established. The preliminary screening identified two extracts (Macrolepiota procera and Terfezia boudieri) as potent and selective G6PD inhibitors, while no extract was found highly active against 6PGD. Further, evaluation of anticancer potential of mushroom extracts against lung cancer cells revealed Macrolepiota procera as potential inhibitor of cancer cell proliferation with IC50 value of 6.18 μg/ml. Finally, screening of M. procera-derived compounds against G6PD via molecular docking has identified paraben, quercetin and syringic acid as virtual hit compounds possessing good binding affinity with G6PD. The result of present study provides novel findings for possible mechanism of action of M. procera extract against A549 via G6PD inhibition suggesting that M. procera might be of therapeutic interest for lung cancer treatment.
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30
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Akhtar MF, Younas S, Saleem A, Baig MMFA, Sharif A, Abdel-Daim MM, Rasul A, Saleem M. Maternotoxicity and fetotoxicity in Rattus norvegicus albinus exposed to tramadol during the late phase of pregnancy. Birth Defects Res 2021; 113:1407-1421. [PMID: 34553514 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.1957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Tramadol, an atypical opioid, is clinically efficacious in treating moderate to severe pain. The aim of current study was to find out the toxicological effects of tramadol exposure to pregnant rats and fetuses during the late phase of pregnancy. METHODS Wistar pregnant rats were exposed to 1.25, 2.5, or 5 mg/kg/day tramadol from 14th to 20th day of pregnancy. The same therapy was given to nonpregnant rats for 7 days. The body weight, oral glucose and lipid tolerance tests, and effect on complete blood parameters in both pregnant and nonpregnant rats were determined. On 20th day, maternal placentas were excised and weighed while fetuses were observed for any deformity and growth retardation. Oxidative stress biomarkers were estimated in the liver and kidney tissue homogenates of the pregnant and nonpregnant rats while the whole fetus homogenate was processed for the same. Moreover, histopathology of the liver and kidney of pregnant and nonpregnant rats were carried out. RESULTS Tramadol administration did not significantly alter the area under curve of the blood glucose and triglyceride levels in both the pregnant and nonpregnant rats. It reduced the live fetuses, placental weights, fetal length, and fetal weights. Tramadol treated pregnant rats showed significantly (p < .05) reduced red blood cells, hematocrit, hemoglobin, and platelets with reference to control group. Similarly, structural abnormalities and malfunctioning of the liver and kidney of pregnant rats were instituted; however, it did not affect the structural integrity of nonpregnant rats. A substantial (p < .001-.0001) altered glutathione and malondialdehyde levels in the fetuses, pregnant, and nonpregnant animals (tissue homogenates) at all dosage levels were indicative of tramadol induced oxidative stress. Furthermore, tramadol exposure resulted in more significant (p < .01-.001) alteration of lipid profile in the pregnant than the nonpregnant animals. CONCLUSION Acquired results suggested the maternotoxic and fetotoxic effects of tramadol exposure during the late gestation period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Furqan Akhtar
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sobia Younas
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ammara Saleem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Mirza Muhammad Faran Ashraf Baig
- Research and Biomedical Engineering for Novel Biofunctional, and Pharmaceutical Nanomaterials, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ali Sharif
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Allied Health Sciences, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Department of Zoology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Saleem
- Department of Pharmacology, Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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31
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Anwar H, Rasul A, Iqbal J, Ahmad N, Imran A, Malik SA, Ijaz F, Akram R, Maqbool J, Sajid F, Sun T, Hussain G, Manzoor MF. Dietary biomolecules as promising regenerative agents for peripheral nerve injury: An emerging nutraceutical-based therapeutic approach. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13989. [PMID: 34719796 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve damage is a debilitating condition that can result in partial or complete functional loss as a result of axonal degeneration, as well as lifelong dependence. Many therapies have been imbued with a plethora of positive features while posing little risks. It is worth noting that these biomolecules work by activating several intrinsic pathways that are known to be important in peripheral nerve regeneration. Although the underlying mechanism is used for accurate and speedy functional recovery, none of them are without side effects. As a result, it is believed that effective therapy is currently lacking. The dietary biomolecules-based intervention, among other ways, is appealing, safe, and effective. Upregulation of transcription factors, neurotrophic factors, and growth factors such as NGF, GDNF, BDNF, and CTNF may occur as a result of these substances' dietary intake. Upregulation of the signaling pathways ERK, JNK, p38, and PKA has also been seen, which aids in axonal regeneration. Although several mechanistic approaches to understanding their involvement have been suggested, more work is needed to reveal the amazing properties of these biomolecules. We have discussed in this article that how different dietary biomolecules can help with functional recovery and regeneration after an injury. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Based on the information known to date, we may conclude that treatment techniques for peripheral nerve injury have downsides, such as complications, donor shortages, adverse effects, unaffordability, and a lack of precision in efficacy. These difficulties cast doubt on their efficacy and raise severe concerns about the prescription. In this situation, the need for safe and effective therapeutic techniques is unavoidable, and dietary biomolecules appear to be a safe, cost-efficient, and effective way to promote nerve regeneration following an injury. The information on these biomolecules has been summarized here. Upregulation of transcription factors, neurotrophic factors, and growth factors, such as NGF, GDNF, BDNF, and CTNF, as well as the ERK, JNK, p38, and PKA, signaling pathways, may stimulate axonal regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haseeb Anwar
- Neurochemicalbiology and Genetics Laboratory (NGL), Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Javed Iqbal
- Department of Neurology, Allied Hospital, Faisalabad Medical University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Nazir Ahmad
- Institute of Home and Food Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ali Imran
- Institute of Home and Food Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shoaib Ahmad Malik
- Department of Biochemistry, Sargodha Medical College, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Fazeela Ijaz
- Neurochemicalbiology and Genetics Laboratory (NGL), Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Akram
- Neurochemicalbiology and Genetics Laboratory (NGL), Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Javeria Maqbool
- Neurochemicalbiology and Genetics Laboratory (NGL), Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Faiqa Sajid
- Neurochemicalbiology and Genetics Laboratory (NGL), Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Tao Sun
- Center for Precision Medicine, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Sciences, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ghulam Hussain
- Neurochemicalbiology and Genetics Laboratory (NGL), Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Iftikhar R, Zahoor AF, Irfan M, Rasul A, Rao F. Synthetic molecules targeting yes associated protein activity as chemotherapeutics against cancer. Chem Biol Drug Des 2021; 98:1025-1037. [PMID: 34587361 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The Hippo signaling pathway extorts several signals that concomitantly target the activity of transcriptional cofactor yes associated protein (YAP). YAP is a key regulator that elicits signature gene expression by coupling with transcriptional enhanced associate domain (TEAD) family of transcriptional factors. The YAP-TEAD complex via target gene expression gets associated with the development, proliferation, and progression of cancerous cells. Moreover, YAP adorns cells with several oncogenic traits such as inhibition of apoptosis, enhanced proliferation, drug resistance, and immune response suppression, which later became associated with various diseases, particularly cancer. Therefore, inhibition of the YAP activity is an appealing and viable therapeutic target for cancer treatment. This review highlights the recent advances in existing and novel synthetic therapeutics targeting YAP inhibition and regulation. The synthetically produced YAPD93A belonging to cyclic peptides and DC-TEADin02 and vinyl sulfonamide class of compounds are the most potent compounds to inhibit the YAP-TEAD expression by targeting protein-protein interaction (IC50 = 25 nM) and palmitate binding central pocket of TEAD (IC50 = 197 nM), respectively. On the other hand, Chlorpromazine belonging to phenothiazines class has the least potential to suppress YAP via proteasomal degradation (cell viability value of <20% at 40 µM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramsha Iftikhar
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ameer Fawad Zahoor
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Irfan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Department of Zoology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Faiza Rao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproduction Health Research, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Iqbal S, Jabeen F, Peng C, Shah MA, Ijaz MU, Rasul A, Ali S, Rauf A, Batiha GE, Kłodzińska E. Nickel nanoparticles induce hepatotoxicity via oxidative and nitrative stress-mediated apoptosis and inflammation. Toxicol Ind Health 2021; 37:619-634. [PMID: 34569379 DOI: 10.1177/07482337211034711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Nickel nanoparticles (Ni NPs) are utilized extensively in various industrial applications. However, there are increasing concerns about potential exposure to Ni NPs and consequent health effects. The aim of this study was to assess Ni NPs-induced liver toxicity in Sprague Dawley rats. Twenty-five rats were exposed to Ni NPs via intraperitoneal injection at doses of 15, 30, and 45 mg/kg per body weight for 28 days. Results from ICP-MS analysis showed an increase in the concentration of Ni NPs in a dose-dependent manner. The liver dysfunction was indicated by considerable production of ALT, AST, ALP, LDH, and TB in Ni NPs-treated rats. Histological examination demonstrated liver injuries (inflammatory cells, congestion, necrosis, and pyknosis) in exposed rats with dose-dependent severity of pathologies by semi-quantitative histograding system. To explore the toxicological pathways, we examined oxidative stress biomarkers and detected Ni NPs significantly elevated the levels of MDA and LPO while decreasing the levels of CAT and GSH. All the changes in biomarkers were recorded in a dose-dependent relationship. In addition, we found upregulated NF-kβ indicating activation of inflammatory cytokines. ELISA results of serum revealed a remarkable increase of nitrative stress markers (iNOS and NO), ATPase activity, inflammatory cytokine (IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α), and apoptotic mediators (caspase-3 and caspase-9) in Ni NPs-treated groups than the control. In summary, the result of this study provided evidence of hepatotoxicity of Ni NPs and insightful information about the involved toxic pathways, which will help in health risk assessment and management, related preventive measures for the use of Ni-NPs materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabnoor Iqbal
- Department of Zoology, Pakistan Government College University, 72594Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Farhat Jabeen
- Department of Zoology, Pakistan Government College University, 72594Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Cheng Peng
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences, 4102University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Muhammad Ajmal Shah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Umar Ijaz
- Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Department of Zoology, Pakistan Government College University, 72594Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shujat Ali
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, 12676Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Swabi-Pakistan
| | - Gaber Es Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, AlBeheira, Egypt
| | - Ewa Kłodzińska
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Instrumental Analysis, Institute of Sport- National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
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Zafar S, Rasul A, Iqbal J, Anwar H, Imran A, Jabeen F, Shabbir A, Akram R, Maqbool J, Sajid F, Arshad MU, Hussain G, Islam S. Calotropis procera (leaves) supplementation exerts curative effects on promoting functional recovery in a mouse model of peripheral nerve injury. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:5016-5027. [PMID: 34532013 PMCID: PMC8441272 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injuries are among those complicated medical conditions, which are still waiting for their highly effective first-line therapies. In this study, the role of Calotropis procera crude leaves was evaluated at different doses for their effectiveness in improving functional recovery following sciatic nerve injury-induced in the mouse model. Thirty-two healthy albino mice were divided into four groups as Normal chow group (control, n = 8) and C. procera chow groups (50 mg/kg (n = 8), 100 mg/kg (n = 8) and 200 mg/kg (n = 8)). Behavioral analyses were performed to assess and compare improved functional recovery along with skeletal muscle mass measurement in all groups. Serum samples were analyzed for oxidative stress markers. Results showed that C. procera leaves at dose-dependent manner showed statistically prominent (p < .05) increase in sensorimotor functions reclamation as confirmed by behavioral analyses along with muscle mass restoration and prominent decline in TOS and momentous increase in TAC along with the augmented activity of antioxidative enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamaila Zafar
- Neurochemicalbiology and Genetics Laboratory (NGL)Department of PhysiologyFaculty of Life SciencesGovernment College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Department of ZoologyFaculty of Life SciencesGovernment College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Javed Iqbal
- Department of NeurologyAllied HospitalFaisalabad Medical UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Haseeb Anwar
- Neurochemicalbiology and Genetics Laboratory (NGL)Department of PhysiologyFaculty of Life SciencesGovernment College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Ali Imran
- Institute of Home and Food SciencesGovernment College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Farhat Jabeen
- Department of ZoologyFaculty of Life SciencesGovernment College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Asghar Shabbir
- Department of BiosciencesCOMSATS Institute of Information TechnologyIslamabadPakistan
| | - Rabia Akram
- Neurochemicalbiology and Genetics Laboratory (NGL)Department of PhysiologyFaculty of Life SciencesGovernment College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Javeria Maqbool
- Neurochemicalbiology and Genetics Laboratory (NGL)Department of PhysiologyFaculty of Life SciencesGovernment College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Faiqa Sajid
- Neurochemicalbiology and Genetics Laboratory (NGL)Department of PhysiologyFaculty of Life SciencesGovernment College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
| | | | - Ghulam Hussain
- Neurochemicalbiology and Genetics Laboratory (NGL)Department of PhysiologyFaculty of Life SciencesGovernment College UniversityFaisalabadPakistan
| | - Saiful Islam
- Institute of Nutrition and Food ScienceUniversity of DhakaDhakaBangladesh
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Batool R, Rasul A, Hussain G, Shah MA, Nageen B, Sarfraz I, Zahoor MK, Riaz A, Ajaz A, Adem Ş. Furanodiene: A Novel, Potent, and Multitarget Cancer-fighting Terpenoid. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 27:2628-2634. [PMID: 33573548 DOI: 10.2174/1381612827666210211125304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Natural products have served as a limitless reservoir of bioactive scaffolds for drug discovery against several disorders. Furanodiene is a bioactive natural product isolated from several plants of genus Curcuma. Its therapeutic potential against cancer, inflammation, and angiogenesis has been well-documented. The current review is an update about the natural sources and anti-cancer action mechanism of furanodiene. Furanodiene exerts its anti-cancer effects via induction of apoptosis in several cancer types by modulating MAPKs/ERK, NF-κB, and Akt pathways. Furanodiene has been systematically studied for its anti-cancer potential. However, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, pre-clinical and clinical studies still needed to be conducted to completely validate the potential of furanodiene for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Batool
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Hussain
- Neurochemicalbiology and Genetics Laboratory (NGL), Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ajmal Shah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Nageen
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Iqra Sarfraz
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Kashif Zahoor
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ammara Riaz
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Aiza Ajaz
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Şevki Adem
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cankiri Karatekin University, 18100 Cankiri, Turkey
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Shah MA, Rasul A, Yousaf R, Haris M, Faheem HI, Hamid A, Khan H, Khan AH, Aschnar M, Batiha GES. Combination of natural antivirals and potent immune invigorators: A natural remedy to combat COVID-19. Phytother Res 2021; 35:6530-6551. [PMID: 34396612 PMCID: PMC8441799 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The flare‐up in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) that emerged in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, and spread expeditiously worldwide has become a health challenge globally. The rapid transmission, absence of anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 drugs, and inexistence of vaccine are further exacerbating the situation. Several drugs, including chloroquine, remdesivir, and favipiravir, are presently undergoing clinical investigation to further scrutinize their effectiveness and validity in the management of COVID‐19. Natural products (NPs) in general, and plants constituents specifically, are unique sources for various effective and novel drugs. Immunostimulants, including vitamins, iron, zinc, chrysin, caffeic acid, and gallic acid, act as potent weapons against COVID‐19 by reinvigorating the defensive mechanisms of the immune system. Immunity boosters prevent COVID‐19 by stimulating the proliferation of T‐cells, B‐cells, and neutrophils, neutralizing the free radicals, inhibiting the immunosuppressive agents, and promoting cytokine production. Presently, antiviral therapy includes several lead compounds, such as baicalin, glycyrrhizin, theaflavin, and herbacetin, all of which seem to act against SARS‐CoV‐2 via particular targets, such as blocking virus entry, attachment to host cell receptor, inhibiting viral replication, and assembly and release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ajmal Shah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rimsha Yousaf
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Haris
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Hafiza Ishmal Faheem
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Hamid
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Haleem Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Forman Christian College (A Chartered University), Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Michael Aschnar
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Al-Beheira, Egypt
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Sarfraz I, Rasul A, Hussain G, Shah MA, Nageen B, Jabeen F, Selamoğlu Z, Uçak İ, Asrar M, Adem S. A review on phyto-pharmacology of Oxalis corniculata. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2021; 25:1181-1186. [PMID: 34391377 DOI: 10.2174/1386207324666210813121431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Oxalis corniculata (Oxalidaceae) is a small decumbent and delicate appearing medicinal herb flourishing in warm temperate and tropical domains such as Pakistan and India. Main bioactive chemical constituents of Oxalis plant include several alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, cardiac glycosides, saponins, phlobatannins along with steroids. Due to its polyphenolic, glycosides and flavonoid profile, it is proved to be protective in numerous ailments and exhibit various biological activities such as anti-fungal, anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial, anti-diabetic, and cardioprotective. Moreover, bioactive phytochemicals from this plant possess significant wound healing potential. Our current effort intends to emphasize on the immense significance of this plant species, which have not been the subject matter of clinical trials and effective pharmacological studies, even though its favored usage has been stated. This review proposes that Oxalis corniculata possess potential for the cure of various diseases, however, further researches on isolation and characterization of bioactive compounds along with pre-clinical trials are compulsory to figure out its pharmacological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iqra Sarfraz
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Hussain
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ajmal Shah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Nageen
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Farhat Jabeen
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Zeliha Selamoğlu
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Nigde Ömer Halisdemir University, Nigde, Campus 51240, Turkey
| | - İlknur Uçak
- Department of Animal Production and Technologies, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technologies, Nigde Omer Halisdemir University, 51240, Nigde, Turkey
| | - Muhammad Asrar
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sevki Adem
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cankiri Karatekin University, 18100 Cankiri, Turkey
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Keyvani-Ghamsari S, Khorsandi K, Rasul A, Zaman MK. Current understanding of epigenetics mechanism as a novel target in reducing cancer stem cells resistance. Clin Epigenetics 2021; 13:120. [PMID: 34051847 PMCID: PMC8164819 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-021-01107-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
At present, after extensive studies in the field of cancer, cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been proposed as a major factor in tumor initiation, progression, metastasis, and recurrence. CSCs are a subpopulation of bulk tumors, with stem cell-like properties and tumorigenic capabilities, having the abilities of self-renewal and differentiation, thereby being able to generate heterogeneous lineages of cancer cells and lead to resistance toward anti-tumor treatments. Highly resistant to conventional chemo- and radiotherapy, CSCs have heterogeneity and can migrate to different organs and metastasize. Recent studies have demonstrated that the population of CSCs and the progression of cancer are increased by the deregulation of different epigenetic pathways having effects on gene expression patterns and key pathways connected with cell proliferation and survival. Further, epigenetic modifications (DNA methylation, histone modifications, and RNA methylations) have been revealed to be key drivers in the formation and maintenance of CSCs. Hence, identifying CSCs and targeting epigenetic pathways therein can offer new insights into the treatment of cancer. In the present review, recent studies are addressed in terms of the characteristics of CSCs, the resistance thereof, and the factors influencing the development thereof, with an emphasis on different types of epigenetic changes in genes and main signaling pathways involved therein. Finally, targeted therapy for CSCs by epigenetic drugs is referred to, which is a new approach in overcoming resistance and recurrence of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Khatereh Khorsandi
- Department of Photodynamic, Medical Laser Research Center, Yara Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Department of Zoology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Khatir Zaman
- Department of Biotechnology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan (AWKUM), Mardan, 23200, Pakistan
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Rasul A, Riaz A, Wei W, Sarfraz I, Hassan M, Li J, Asif F, Adem Ş, Bukhari SA, Asrar M, Li X. Mangifera indica Extracts as Novel PKM2 Inhibitors for Treatment of Triple Negative Breast Cancer. Biomed Res Int 2021; 2021:5514669. [PMID: 34136566 PMCID: PMC8175167 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5514669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Pyruvate kinase (PK), a key enzyme that determines glycolytic activity, has been known to support the metabolic phenotype of tumor cells, and specific pyruvate kinase isoform M2 (PKM2) has been reported to fulfill divergent biosynthetic and energetic requirements of cancerous cells. PKM2 is overexpressed in several cancer types and is an emerging drug target for cancer during recent years. Therefore, this study was carried out to identify PKM2 inhibitors from natural products for cancer treatment. Based on the objectives of this study, firstly, plant extract library was established. In order to purify protein for the establishment of enzymatic assay system, pET-28a-HmPKM2 plasmid was transformed to E. coli BL21 (DE3) cells for protein expression and purification. After the validation of enzymatic assay system, plant extract library was screened for the identification of inhibitors of PKM2 protein. Out of 51 plant extracts screened, four extracts Mangifera indica (leaf, seed, and bark) and Bombex ceiba bark extracts were found to be inhibitors of PKM2. In the current study, M. indica (leaf, seed, and bark) extracts were further evaluated dose dependently against PKM2. These extracts showed different degrees of concentration-dependent inhibition against PKM2 at 90-360 μg/ml concentrations. We have also investigated the anticancer potential of these extracts against MDA-MB231 cells and generated dose-response curves for the evaluation of IC50 values. M. indica (bark and seed) extracts significantly halted the growth of MDA-MB231 cells with IC50 values of 108 μg/ml and 33 μg/ml, respectively. Literature-based phytochemical analysis of M. indica was carried out, and M. indica-derived 94 compounds were docked against three binding sites of PKM2 for the identification of PKM2 inhibitors. The results of in silico based screening have unveiled various PKM2 modulators; however, further studies are recommended to validate their PKM2 inhibitory potential via in vitro biochemical assay. The results of this study provide novel findings for possible mechanism of action of M. indica (bark and seed) extracts against TNBC via PKM2 inhibition suggesting that M. indica might be of therapeutic interest for the treatment of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azhar Rasul
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University (NENU), Changchun, China
- Cell and Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ammara Riaz
- Cell and Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Wei Wei
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University (NENU), Changchun, China
| | - Iqra Sarfraz
- Cell and Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Mudassir Hassan
- Cell and Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Jiang Li
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Faryal Asif
- University of Agriculture Faisalabad (UAF), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Şevki Adem
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cankiri Karatekin University, 18100 Cankırı, Turkey
| | - Shazia Anwer Bukhari
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asrar
- Cell and Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Xiaomeng Li
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University (NENU), Changchun, China
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Shahzadi I, Zahoor AF, Rasul A, Mansha A, Ahmad S, Raza Z. Synthesis, Hemolytic Studies, and In Silico Modeling of Novel Acefylline-1,2,4-Triazole Hybrids as Potential Anti-cancer Agents against MCF-7 and A549. ACS Omega 2021; 6:11943-11953. [PMID: 34056349 PMCID: PMC8154016 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c00424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A series of novel theophylline-7-acetic acid (acefylline)-derived 1,2,4-triazole hybrids with N-phenyl acetamide moieties (11a-j) have been synthesized and tested for their inhibitory (in vitro) potential against two cancer cell lines, A549 (lung) and MCF-7 (breast), using MTT assay. Among these derivatives, 11a, 11c, 11d, 11g, and 11h displayed remarkable activity against both cancer cell lines having cell viability values in the 21.74 ± 1.60-55.37 ± 4.60% range compared to acefylline (86.32 ± 1.75%) using 100 μg/μL concentration of compounds. These compounds were further screened against the A549 cancer cell line (lung) to find their half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) by applying various concentrations of these compounds. Compound 11g (2-(5-((1,3-dimethyl-2,6-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-purin-7(6H)-yl)methyl)-4-phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-ylthio)-N-p-tolylacetamide) with the least IC50 value (1.25 ± 1.36 μM) was discerned as a strong inhibitor of cancer cell multiplication in both cell lines (A549 and MCF-7). Their hemolytic studies revealed that all of them had very low cytotoxicity. Finally, in silico modeling was carried out to find the mode of binding of the highly active compound (11g), which was according to the results of anti-cancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irum Shahzadi
- Department
of Chemistry, Government College University
Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ameer Fawad Zahoor
- Department
of Chemistry, Government College University
Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Department
of Zoology, Government College University
Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Asim Mansha
- Department
of Chemistry, Government College University
Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Sajjad Ahmad
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Engineering
and Technology Lahore, Faisalabad Campus, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Zohaib Raza
- Department
of Pharmacology, Government College University
Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
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Akhtar R, Zahoor AF, Rasul A, Gul Khan S, Ali KG. In-vitro cytotoxic evaluation of newly designed ciprofloxacin-oxadiazole hybrids against human liver tumor cell line (Huh7). Pak J Pharm Sci 2021; 34:1143-1148. [PMID: 34602444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Fluoroquinolones are targets of interest due to their broad spectrum antibacterial activity. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) of fluoroquinolones clearly indicates that substitution at C-7 position enhances the lipophilicity of these scaffolds resultantly affording pharmacologically significant compounds. Therefore, various ciprofloxacin-oxadiazole hybrids were synthesized and characterized by spectral analysis. Cytotoxic activity of these derivatives was assessed using human liver tumor cells (Huh7). One dose anticancer test results revealed moderate cytotoxicity of the newly synthesized compounds against this cell line. As the only compound 4a depicted comparatively lower cell viability value (81.91% using 100μg/mL concentration) than the other compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Akhtar
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ameer Fawad Zahoor
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Department of Zoology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Samreen Gul Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Kulsoom Ghulam Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Adem Ş, Eyupoglu V, Sarfraz I, Rasul A, Zahoor AF, Ali M, Abdalla M, Ibrahim IM, Elfiky AA. Caffeic acid derivatives (CAFDs) as inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2: CAFDs-based functional foods as a potential alternative approach to combat COVID-19. Phytomedicine 2021; 85:153310. [PMID: 32948420 PMCID: PMC7442560 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND SARS-CoV-2, an emerging strain of coronavirus, has affected millions of people from all the continents of world and received worldwide attention. This emerging health crisis calls for the urgent development of specific therapeutics against COVID-19 to potentially reduce the burden of this emerging pandemic. PURPOSE This study aims to evaluate the anti-viral efficacy of natural bioactive entities against COVID-19 via molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation. METHODS A library of 27 caffeic-acid derivatives was screened against 5 proteins of SARS-CoV-2 by using Molegro Virtual Docker 7 to obtain the binding energies and interactions between compounds and SARS-CoV-2 proteins. ADME properties and toxicity profiles were investigated via www.swissadme.ch web tools and Toxtree respectively. Molecular dynamics simulation was performed to determine the stability of the lead-protein interactions. RESULTS Our obtained results has uncovered khainaoside C, 6-O-Caffeoylarbutin, khainaoside B, khainaoside C and vitexfolin A as potent modulators of COVID-19 possessing more binding energies than nelfinavir against COVID-19 Mpro, Nsp15, SARS-CoV-2 spike S2 subunit, spike open state and closed state structure respectively. While Calceolarioside B was identified as pan inhibitor, showing strong molecular interactions with all proteins except SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein closed state. The results are supported by 20 ns molecular dynamics simulations of the best complexes. CONCLUSION This study will hopefully pave a way for development of phytonutrients-based antiviral therapeutic for treatment or prevention of COVID-19 and further studies are recommended to evaluate the antiviral effects of these phytochemicals against SARS-CoV-2 in in vitro and in vivo models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Şevki Adem
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Çankırı Karatekin University, 18100 Çankırı, Turkey
| | - Volkan Eyupoglu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Çankırı Karatekin University, 18100 Çankırı, Turkey
| | - Iqra Sarfraz
- Cell and Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Cell and Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan.
| | - Ameer Fawad Zahoor
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, 38000 Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ali
- Vice Chancellor, Quaid-e-Azam University (QAU), Islamabad
| | - Mohnad Abdalla
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Cultural West Road, Shandong Province 250012, PR China
| | - Ibrahim M Ibrahim
- Biophysics Department, Faculty of Sciences, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - Abdo A Elfiky
- Biophysics Department, Faculty of Sciences, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
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Rasul A. Physcion and Physcion 8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside: Natural Anthraquinones with Potential Anticancer Activities. Curr Drug Targets 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/13894501mtewznjqmz] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Nageen B, Rasul A, Hussain G, Shah MA, Anwar H, Hussain SM, Uddin MS, Sarfraz I, Riaz A, Selamoglu Z. Jaceosidin: A Natural Flavone with Versatile Pharmacological and Biological Activities. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 27:456-466. [PMID: 32348212 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200429095101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Nature always remains an inexhaustible source of treasures for mankind. It remains a mystery for every challenge until the completion of the challenge. While we talk about the complicated health issues, nature offers us a great variety of chemical scaffolds and their various moieties packed in the form of natural products e.g., plants, microorganisms (fungi, algae, protozoa), and terrestrial vertebrates and invertebrates. This review article is an update about jaceosidin, a bioactive flavone, from genus Artemisia. This potentially active compound exhibits a variety of pharmacological activities including anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial, antiallergic and anti-cancer activities. The bioactivities and the therapeutic action of jaceosidin, especially the modulation of different cell signaling pathways (ERK1/2, NF-κB, PI3K/Akt and ATM-Chk1/2) which become deregulated in various pathological disorders, have been focused here. The reported data suggest that the bioavailability of this anti-cancer compound should be enhanced by utilizing various chemical, biological and computational techniques. Moreover, it is recommended that researchers and scientists should work on exploring the mode of action of this particular flavone to precede it further as a potent anti-cancer compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bushra Nageen
- Cell and Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Cell and Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Hussain
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad A Shah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Haseeb Anwar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Syed M Hussain
- Cell and Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Md Sahab Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Iqra Sarfraz
- Cell and Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ammara Riaz
- Cell and Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Zeliha Selamoglu
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Nigde Ömer Halisdemir University, Campus 51240, Nigde, Turkey
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Adnan M, Rasul A, Shah MA, Hussain G, Asrar M, Riaza A, Sarfraza I, Hussaina A, Khorsandid K, Laie NS, Hussaina SM. Radioprotective Role of Natural Polyphenols: From Sources to Mechanisms. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 22:30-39. [PMID: 33874875 DOI: 10.2174/1871520621666210419095829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The identification and development of radioprotective agents has emerged as a subject matter of research during recent years due to the growing usage of ionizing radiation in different areas of human life. Previous work on synthetic radioprotectors has achieved limited progress because of the numerous issues associated with toxicity. Compounds extracted from plants have potential to serve as lead candidates for developing ideal radioprotectors due to their low cost, safety and selectivity. Polyphenols are the most abundant and commonly dispersed group of biologically active molecules possessing broad range of pharmacological activities. Polyphenols have displayed efficacy for radioprotection during various investigations and can be administered at high doses with lesser toxicity. Detoxification of free radicals, modulating inflammatory responses, DNA repair, stimulation of hematopoietic recovery, and immune functions are the main mechanisms for radiation protection with polyphenols. Epicatechin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, apigenin, caffeic acid phenylethylester, and silibinin provide cytoprotection together with the suppression of many pro-inflammatory cytokines owing to their free radical scavenging, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. Curcumin, resveratrol, quercetin, gallic acid, and rutin's radioprotective properties are regulated primarily by direct or indirect decline in cellular stress. Thus, polyphenols may serve as potential candidates for radioprotection in the near future, however, extensive investigations are still required to better understand their protection mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Adnan
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000. Pakistan
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000. Pakistan
| | - Muhammad A Shah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad 38000. Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Hussain
- Neurochemical biology and Genetics Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000. Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asrar
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000. Pakistan
| | - Ammara Riaza
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000. Pakistan
| | - Iqra Sarfraza
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000. Pakistan
| | - Arif Hussaina
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000. Pakistan
| | - Khatereh Khorsandid
- Department of Photodynamic, Medical Laser Research Center, Yara Institute, ACECR, Tehran. Iran
| | - Ngit S Laie
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang. Malaysia
| | - Syed M Hussaina
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000. Pakistan
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Adnan M, Rasul A, Hussain G, Shah MA, Sarfraz I, Nageen B, Riaz A, Khalid R, Asrar M, Selamoglu Z, Adem Ş, Sarker SD. Physcion and Physcion 8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside: Natural Anthraquinones with Potential Anticancer Activities. Curr Drug Targets 2021; 22:488-504. [PMID: 33050858 DOI: 10.2174/1389450121999201013154542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Nature has provided prodigious reservoirs of pharmacologically active compounds for drug development since times. Physcion and physcion 8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (PG) are bioactive natural anthraquinones which exert anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties with minimum or no adverse effects. Moreover, physcion also exhibits anti-microbial and hepatoprotective properties, while PG is known to have anti-sepsis as well as ameliorative activities against dementia. This review aims to highlight the natural sources and anticancer activities of physcion and PG, along with associated mechanisms of actions. On the basis of the literature, physcion and PG regulate multitudinous cell signaling pathways through the modulation of various regulators of cell cycle, protein kinases, microRNAs, transcriptional factors, and apoptosis linked proteins resulting in the effective killing of cancerous cells in vitro as well as in vivo. Both compounds effectively suppress metastasis, furthermore, physcion acts as an inhibitor of 6PGD and also plays an important role in chemosensitization. This review article suggests that physcion and PG are potent anticancer drug candidates, but further investigations on their mechanism of action and pre-clinical trials are mandatory in order to comprehend the full potential of these natural cancer killers in anticancer remedies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Adnan
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Hussain
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ajmal Shah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Iqra Sarfraz
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Nageen
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ammara Riaz
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rida Khalid
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asrar
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Zeliha Selamoglu
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Nigde Ömer Halisdemir University, Nigde, Campus 51240, Turkey
| | - Şevki Adem
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Cankiri Karatekin University, UluyazI Campus Cankiri, Turkey
| | - Satyajit D Sarker
- School of Pharmacy & Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, England, United Kingdom
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Nahar L, Al-Majmaie S, Al-Groshi A, Rasul A, Sarker SD. Chalepin and Chalepensin: Occurrence, Biosynthesis and Therapeutic Potential. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26061609. [PMID: 33799365 PMCID: PMC7999183 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Dihydrofuranocoumarin, chalepin (1) and furanocoumarin, chalepensin (2) are 3-prenylated bioactive coumarins, first isolated from the well-known medicinal plant Ruta chalepensis L. (Fam: Rutaceae) but also distributed in various species of the genera Boenminghausenia, Clausena and Ruta. The distribution of these compounds appears to be restricted to the plants of the family Rutaceae. To date, there have been a considerable number of bioactivity studies performed on coumarins 1 and 2, which include their anticancer, antidiabetic, antifertility, antimicrobial, antiplatelet aggregation, antiprotozoal, antiviral and calcium antagonistic properties. This review article presents a critical appraisal of publications on bioactivity of these 3-prenylated coumarins in the light of their feasibility as novel therapeutic agents and investigate their natural distribution in the plant kingdom, as well as a plausible biosynthetic route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lutfun Nahar
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR and Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Correspondence: (L.N.); (S.D.S.); Tel.: +44-(0)-1512312096 (S.D.S.)
| | - Shaymaa Al-Majmaie
- Centre for Natural Products Discovery, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, James Parsons Building, Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK; (S.A.-M.); (A.A.-G.)
| | - Afaf Al-Groshi
- Centre for Natural Products Discovery, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, James Parsons Building, Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK; (S.A.-M.); (A.A.-G.)
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Cell and Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Zoology, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
| | - Satyajit D. Sarker
- Centre for Natural Products Discovery, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, James Parsons Building, Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK; (S.A.-M.); (A.A.-G.)
- Correspondence: (L.N.); (S.D.S.); Tel.: +44-(0)-1512312096 (S.D.S.)
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Kanwal N, Rasul A, Shah MA, Jabeen F, Sultana T. In silico-based identification of phytochemicals as novel human phosphoglycerate mutase 1 (PGAM1) inhibitors for cancer therapy. Pak J Pharm Sci 2021; 34:665-670. [PMID: 34275800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Targeting cancer-specific metabolic and mitochondrial remodeling has emerged as a novel and selective strategy for cancer therapy during recent years. Phosphoglycerate Mutase 1 (PGAM1) is an important glycolytic enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of 3-phosphoglycerate to 2-phosphoglycerate and plays a critical role in cancer progression by coordinating glycolysis and biosynthesis. PGAM1 has been reported to be over expressed in a variety of cancer types and its inhibition results in decreased tumor growth and metastasis. Recently, there has been a growing interest in identification and characterization of novel PGAM1 inhibitors for the treatment of cancer. In the current study, in silico tools were used to find out natural inhibitors of PGAM1. For docking studies, a database of 5006 phytochemicals were docked against PGAM1, using MOE software in order to identify the compounds which show better binding affinities than PGMI-004A. Out of 5006 compounds screened, eight compounds (1,3-cyclopentanedione, glyflavanone B, 6-demethoxytangeretin, gnaphaliin, lantalucratin A and -(-) morelensin, abyssinin II and monotesone-A) showed significant binding affinity with PGAMI active site. Further, the eight selected compounds were evaluated for different pharmacokinetics parameters using admetSAR, the obtained results demonstrated that none of these hit compounds violated Lipinski's drug rule of 5 and all the hit compounds possess favorable ADMET properties. This study has unveiled the potential of phytochemicals that could serve as probable lead candidates for the development of PGAM1 inhibitors as anti-cancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazia Kanwal
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ajmal Shah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Farhat Jabeen
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Tayyaba Sultana
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Saleem M, Nain H, Akhtar MF, Saleem A, Saadullah M, Mobashar A, Rasul A, Shah MA, Hamid I, Iqbal R. Protective effect of Heliotropium strigosum 70% aqueous methanolic extract against paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity in mice. Pak J Pharm Sci 2021; 34:693-698. [PMID: 34275804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The study was carried out to evaluate the hepatoprotective potential of aqueous methanolic extract of Heliotropium strigosum (HSME) against paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity in Swiss albino mice. The plant powder (1.5Kg) was macerated in aqueous methanol (30:70) for 7 days. The extract was evaluated for the presence of different phytochemicals and High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. HSME was orally administered to mice at 125, 250 and 500mg/kg for 8 days followed by paracetamol intoxication (500mg/kg orally) on the 8th day using silymarin as standard control. All the therapy was administered by oral gavage. The liver biochemical parameters and histopathological evaluation were carried out to assess changes in liver function and histology. HPLC analysis confirmed the presence of quercetin, kaempferol, and other phenolic compounds. Treatment with the extract resulted in notable (p<0.05) reduction in liver parameters in dose dependent manner. The action of HSME 500mg/kg dose was comparable to silymarin. The effect of HSME against paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity was demonstrated by protective changes in the liver histopathological which proved the traditional uses of the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Saleem
- Department of Pharmacology, Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hira Nain
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Furqan Akhtar
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ammara Saleem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Malik Saadullah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Aisha Mobashar
- Department of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ajmal Shah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Irfan Hamid
- Cadson College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Khariaan Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Iqbal
- Cadson College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Khariaan Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
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Iqbal S, Shah MA, Rasul A, Saadullah M, Tabassum S, Ali S, Zafar M, Muhammad H, Uddin MS, Batiha GES, Vargas-De-La-Cruz C. Radioprotective Potential of Nutraceuticals and their Underlying Mechanism of Action. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 22:40-52. [PMID: 33622231 DOI: 10.2174/1871520621666210223101246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Radiations are an efficient treatment modality in cancer therapy. Besides the treatment effects of radiations, the ionizing radiations interact with biological systems and generate reactive oxygen species that interfere with the normal cellular process. Previous investigations of synthetic radioprotectors have shown less effectiveness, mainly owing to some limiting effects. The nutraceuticals act as efficient radioprotectors to protect the tissues from the deleterious effects of radiation. The main radioprotection mechanism of nutraceuticals is the scavenging of free radicals while other strategies are involved modulation of signaling transduction of pathways like MAPK (JNK, ERK1/2, ERK5, and P38), NF-kB, cytokines, and their protein regulatory genes expression. The current review is focused on the radioprotective effects of nutraceuticals including vitamin E, -C, organosulphur compounds, phenylpropanoids, and polysaccharides. These natural entities protect against radiation-induced DNA damage. The review mainly entails the antioxidant perspective and mechanism of action of their radioprotective activities on a molecular level, DNA repair pathway, anti-inflammation, immunomodulatory effects, the effect on cellular signaling pathways, and regeneration of hematopoietic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabnoor Iqbal
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad. Pakistan
| | - Muhammad A Shah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad. Pakistan
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad. Pakistan
| | - Malik Saadullah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad. Pakistan
| | - Sobia Tabassum
- Department of Biological Sciences, International Islamic University, Islamabad. Pakistan
| | - Shujat Ali
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013. China
| | - Muhammad Zafar
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad. Pakistan
| | - Haji Muhammad
- Department of Chemistry, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science & Technology, Karachi. Pakistan
| | - Md Sahab Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka. Pakistan
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, AlBeheira. Egypt
| | - Celia Vargas-De-La-Cruz
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Academic Department of Pharmacology, Bromatology and Toxicology, Centro Latinoamericano de Enseñanza e Investigación en Bacteriología Alimentaria (CLEIBA), Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima15001. Peru
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