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Di Modugno F, Di Carlo A, Spada S, Palermo B, D'Ambrosio L, D'Andrea D, Morello G, Belmonte B, Sperduti I, Balzano V, Gallo E, Melchionna R, Panetta M, Campo G, De Nicola F, Goeman F, Antoniani B, Carpano S, Frigè G, Warren S, Gallina F, Lambrechts D, Xiong J, Vincent BG, Wheeler N, Bortone DS, Cappuzzo F, Facciolo F, Tripodo C, Visca P, Nisticò P. Tumoral and stromal hMENA isoforms impact tertiary lymphoid structure localization in lung cancer and predict immune checkpoint blockade response in patients with cancer. EBioMedicine 2024; 101:105003. [PMID: 38340557 PMCID: PMC10869748 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tertiary Lymphoid Structures (TLS) correlate with positive outcomes in patients with NSCLC and the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) in cancer. The actin regulatory protein hMENA undergoes tissue-specific splicing, producing the epithelial hMENA11a linked to favorable prognosis in early NSCLC, and the mesenchymal hMENAΔv6 found in invasive cancer cells and pro-tumoral cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). This study investigates how hMENA isoforms in tumor cells and CAFs relate to TLS presence, localization and impact on patient outcomes and ICB response. METHODS Methods involved RNA-SEQ on NSCLC cells with depleted hMENA isoforms. A retrospective observational study assessed tissues from surgically treated N0 patients with NSCLC, using immunohistochemistry for tumoral and stromal hMENA isoforms, fibronectin, and TLS presence. ICB-treated patient tumors were analyzed using Nanostring nCounter and GeoMx spatial transcriptomics. Multiparametric flow cytometry characterized B cells and tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM). Survival and ICB response were estimated in the cohort and validated using bioinformatics pipelines in different datasets. FINDINGS Findings indicate that hMENA11a in NSCLC cells upregulates the TLS regulator LTβR, decreases fibronectin, and favors CXCL13 production by TRM. Conversely, hMENAΔv6 in CAFs inhibits LTβR-related NF-kB pathway, reduces CXCL13 secretion, and promotes fibronectin production. These patterns are validated in N0 NSCLC tumors, where hMENA11ahigh expression, CAF hMENAΔv6low, and stromal fibronectinlow are associated with intratumoral TLS, linked to memory B cells and predictive of longer survival. The hMENA isoform pattern, fibronectin, and LTβR expression broadly predict ICB response in tumors where TLS indicates an anti-tumor immune response. INTERPRETATION This study uncovers hMENA alternative splicing as an unexplored contributor to TLS-related Tumor Immune Microenvironment (TIME) and a promising biomarker for clinical outcomes and likely ICB responsiveness in N0 patients with NSCLC. FUNDING This work is supported by AIRC (IG 19822), ACC (RCR-2019-23669120), CAL.HUB.RIA Ministero Salute PNRR-POS T4, "Ricerca Corrente" granted by the Italian Ministry of Health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Di Modugno
- Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.
| | - Anna Di Carlo
- Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Sheila Spada
- Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Belinda Palermo
- Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo D'Ambrosio
- Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniel D'Andrea
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, New Hall Block - Room 171, Clifton Campus - NG11 8NS, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Gaia Morello
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Palermo, Corso Tukory 211, 90134, Palermo, Italy
| | - Beatrice Belmonte
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Palermo, Corso Tukory 211, 90134, Palermo, Italy
| | - Isabella Sperduti
- Biostatistics and Scientific Direction, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Vittoria Balzano
- Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Enzo Gallo
- Pathology Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Melchionna
- Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariangela Panetta
- Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Campo
- Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca De Nicola
- SAFU Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Frauke Goeman
- SAFU Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Antoniani
- Pathology Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Carpano
- Second Division of Medical Oncology, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianmaria Frigè
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, Milan, Italy
| | - Sarah Warren
- NanoString Technologies Inc., 530 Fairview Ave N, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Filippo Gallina
- Thoracic-Surgery Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Diether Lambrechts
- Center for Cancer Biology, Herestraat 49 box 912, VIB, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jieyi Xiong
- Center for Cancer Biology, Herestraat 49 box 912, VIB, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Benjamin G Vincent
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 5206 Marsico Hall, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Nathan Wheeler
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 5206 Marsico Hall, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Dante S Bortone
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 5206 Marsico Hall, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Federico Cappuzzo
- Second Division of Medical Oncology, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Facciolo
- Thoracic-Surgery Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Tripodo
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Palermo, Corso Tukory 211, 90134, Palermo, Italy
| | - Paolo Visca
- Pathology Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Nisticò
- Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via E. Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy.
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Palermo B, Franzese O, Frisullo G, D'Ambrosio L, Panetta M, Campo G, D'Andrea D, Sperduti I, De Nicola F, Goeman F, Gallina F, Visca P, Facciolo F, Nisticò P. CD28/PD1 co-expression: dual impact on CD8 + T cells in peripheral blood and tumor tissue, and its significance in NSCLC patients' survival and ICB response. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:287. [PMID: 37898752 PMCID: PMC10612243 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02846-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has significantly prolonged survival of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, although most patients develop mechanisms of resistance. Recently single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-Seq) revealed a huge T-cell phenotypic and (dys)functional state variability. Accordingly, T-cell exhaustion is recognized as a functional adaptation, with a dynamic progression from a long-lived "pre-exhausted stem-like progenitor" to a "terminally exhausted" state. In this scenario it is crucial to understand the complex interplay between co-stimulatory and inhibitory molecules in CD8+ T-cell functionality. METHODS To gain a baseline landscape of the composition, functional states, and transcriptomic signatures predictive of prognosis, we analyzed CD8+ T-cell subsets characterized by the presence/absence of PD1 and CD28 from periphery, adjacent non-tumor tissue and tumor site of a cohort of treatment-naïve NSCLC patients, by integrated multiparametric flow cytometry, targeted multi-omic scRNA-seq analyses, and computational pipelines. RESULTS Despite the increased PD1 levels, an improved PD1+CD28+ T-cell polyfunctionality was observed with the transition from periphery to tumor site, associated with lack of TIGIT, TIM-3 and LAG-3, but not with Ag-experienced-marker CD11a. Differently from CD28+ T cells, the increased PD1 levels in the tumor were associated with reduced functionality in PD1+CD28- T cells. CD11ahigh, although expressed only in a small fraction of this subset, still sustained its functionality. Absence of TIGIT, TIM-3 and CTLA-4, alone or combined, was beneficial to CD28- T cells. Notably, we observed distinct TRM phenotypes in the different districts, with CD28+ T cells more capable of producing TGFβ in the periphery, potentially contributing to elevated CD103 levels. In contrast CD28- TRM mainly produced CXCL13 within the tumor. ScRNA-seq revealed 5 different clusters for each of the two subsets, with distinctive transcriptional profiles in the three districts. By interrogating the TCGA dataset of patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and metastatic NSCLC treated with atezolizumab, we found signatures of heterogeneous TRM and "pre-exhausted" long-lived effector memory CD8+ T cells associated with improved response to ICB only in the presence of CD28. CONCLUSIONS Our findings identify signatures able to stratify survival of LUAD patients and predict ICB response in advanced NSCLC. CD28 is advocated as a key determinant in the signatures identified, in both periphery and tumor site, thus likely providing feasible biomarkers of ICB response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belinda Palermo
- Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Ornella Franzese
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Frisullo
- Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo D'Ambrosio
- Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariangela Panetta
- Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Campo
- Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniel D'Andrea
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Isabella Sperduti
- Biostatistics and Scientific Direction, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Frauke Goeman
- SAFU Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Filippo Gallina
- Thoracic-Surgery Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Visca
- Pathology Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Facciolo
- Thoracic-Surgery Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Nisticò
- Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.
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Trono P, Tocci A, Palermo B, Di Carlo A, D'Ambrosio L, D'Andrea D, Di Modugno F, De Nicola F, Goeman F, Corleone G, Warren S, Paolini F, Panetta M, Sperduti I, Baldari S, Visca P, Carpano S, Cappuzzo F, Russo V, Tripodo C, Zucali P, Gregorc V, Marchesi F, Nistico P. hMENA isoforms regulate cancer intrinsic type I IFN signaling and extrinsic mechanisms of resistance to immune checkpoint blockade in NSCLC. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:e006913. [PMID: 37612043 PMCID: PMC10450042 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-006913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding how cancer signaling pathways promote an immunosuppressive program which sustains acquired or primary resistance to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) is a crucial step in improving immunotherapy efficacy. Among the pathways that can affect ICB response is the interferon (IFN) pathway that may be both detrimental and beneficial. The immune sensor retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) induces IFN activation and secretion and is activated by actin cytoskeleton disturbance. The actin cytoskeleton regulatory protein hMENA, along with its isoforms, is a key signaling hub in different solid tumors, and recently its role as a regulator of transcription of genes encoding immunomodulatory secretory proteins has been proposed. When hMENA is expressed in tumor cells with low levels of the epithelial specific hMENA11a isoform, identifies non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with poor prognosis. Aim was to identify cancer intrinsic and extrinsic pathways regulated by hMENA11a downregulation as determinants of ICB response in NSCLC. Here, we present a potential novel mechanism of ICB resistance driven by hMENA11a downregulation. METHODS Effects of hMENA11a downregulation were tested by RNA-Seq, ATAC-Seq, flow cytometry and biochemical assays. ICB-treated patient tumor tissues were profiled by Nanostring IO 360 Panel enriched with hMENA custom probes. OAK and POPLAR datasets were used to validate our discovery cohort. RESULTS Transcriptomic and biochemical analyses demonstrated that the depletion of hMENA11a induces IFN pathway activation, the production of different inflammatory mediators including IFNβ via RIG-I, sustains the increase of tumor PD-L1 levels and activates a paracrine loop between tumor cells and a unique macrophage subset favoring an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Notably, when we translated our results in a clinical setting of NSCLC ICB-treated patients, transcriptomic analysis revealed that low expression of hMENA11a, high expression of IFN target genes and high macrophage score identify patients resistant to ICB therapy. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, these data establish a new function for the actin cytoskeleton regulator hMENA11a in modulating cancer cell intrinsic type I IFN signaling and extrinsic mechanisms that promote protumoral macrophages and favor EMT. These data highlight the role of actin cytoskeleton disturbance in activating immune suppressive pathways that may be involved in resistance to ICB in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Trono
- Tumor of Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy
| | - Annalisa Tocci
- Tumor of Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Belinda Palermo
- Tumor of Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Di Carlo
- Tumor of Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo D'Ambrosio
- Tumor of Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniel D'Andrea
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
| | - Francesca Di Modugno
- Tumor of Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Frauke Goeman
- SAFU Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Giacomo Corleone
- SAFU Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Sarah Warren
- NanoString Technologies Inc, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Francesca Paolini
- Tumor of Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariangela Panetta
- Tumor of Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Isabella Sperduti
- Biostatistics Unit, IRCSS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Baldari
- Tumor of Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Visca
- Pathology Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Carpano
- Second Division of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Cappuzzo
- Second Division of Medical Oncology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Russo
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudio Tripodo
- Department of Health Sciences, Human Pathology Section, Tumor Immunology Unit, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Paolo Zucali
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Vanesa Gregorc
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Marchesi
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Nistico
- Tumor of Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
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Moschella F, Buccione C, Ruspantini I, Castiello L, Rozo Gonzalez A, Iacobone F, Ferraresi V, Palermo B, Nisticò P, Belardelli F, Proietti E, Macchia I, Urbani F. Blood immune cells as potential biomarkers predicting relapse-free survival of stage III/IV resected melanoma patients treated with peptide-based vaccination and interferon-alpha. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1145667. [PMID: 37274275 PMCID: PMC10233106 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1145667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Despite the recent approval of several therapies in the adjuvant setting of melanoma, tumor relapse still occurs in a significant number of completely resected stage III-IV patients. In this context, the use of cancer vaccines is still relevant and may increase the response to immune checkpoint inhibitors. We previously demonstrated safety, immunogenicity and preliminary evidence of clinical efficacy in stage III/IV resected melanoma patients subjected to a combination therapy based on peptide vaccination together with intermittent low-dose interferon-α2b, with or without dacarbazine preconditioning (https://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu/ctr-search/search, identifier: 2008-008211-26). In this setting, we then focused on pre-treatment patient immune status to highlight possible factors associated with clinical outcome. Methods Multiparametric flow cytometry was used to identify baseline immune profiles in patients' peripheral blood mononuclear cells and correlation with the patient clinical outcome. Receiver operating characteristic curve, Kaplan-Meier survival and principal component analyses were used to evaluate the predictive power of the identified markers. Results We identified 12 different circulating T and NK cell subsets with significant (p ≤ 0.05) differential baseline levels in patients who later relapsed with respect to patients who remained free of disease. All 12 parameters showed a good prognostic accuracy (AUC>0.7, p ≤ 0.05) and 11 of them significantly predicted the relapse-free survival. Remarkably, 3 classifiers also predicted the overall survival. Focusing on immune cell subsets that can be analyzed through simple surface staining, three subsets were identified, namely regulatory T cells, CD56dimCD16- NK cells and central memory γδ T cells. Each subset showed an AUC>0.8 and principal component analysis significantly grouped relapsing and non-relapsing patients (p=0.034). These three subsets were used to calculate a combination score that was able to perfectly distinguish relapsing and non-relapsing patients (AUC=1; p=0). Noticeably, patients with a combined score ≥2 demonstrated a strong advantage in both relapse-free (p=0.002) and overall (p=0.011) survival as compared to patients with a score <2. Discussion Predictive markers may be used to guide patient selection for personalized therapies and/or improve follow-up strategies. This study provides preliminary evidence on the identification of peripheral blood immune biomarkers potentially capable of predicting the clinical response to combined vaccine-based adjuvant therapies in melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Moschella
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Carla Buccione
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Andrea Rozo Gonzalez
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Floriana Iacobone
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Virginia Ferraresi
- Department of Medical Oncology 1, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare (IRCCS) Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Belinda Palermo
- Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare (IRCCS) Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Nisticò
- Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare (IRCCS) Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Filippo Belardelli
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council (CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Proietti
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Iole Macchia
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Urbani
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
- Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine PhD School, II University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
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Palermo B, Bottero M, Panetta M, Faiella A, Sperduti I, Masi S, Frisullo G, Foddai ML, Cordone I, Nisticò P, Sanguineti G. Stereotactic Ablative Radiation Therapy in 3 Fractions Induces a Favorable Systemic Immune Cell Profiling in Prostate Cancer Patients. Oncoimmunology 2023; 12:2174721. [PMID: 36798427 PMCID: PMC9928462 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2023.2174721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The impact of radiotherapy (RT) on immune cell status in prostate cancer (PCa) is only partially determined. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of different RT strategies on peripheral B, T, and Natural killer (NK) lymphocytes at precise longitudinal time-points in PCa. 18 patients treated with stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) (40 Gy/3FRX), definitive moderate-hypofractionation (62 Gy/20FRX), or post-operative conventional-fractionation RT (66-69 Gy/30FRX) were prospectively evaluated for the immune cell profile in terms of immune cell composition, differentiation stage, cytokine production and inhibitory receptor (IR) expression. The immune-monitoring of the 18 patients revealed that RT affects the balance of systemic immune cells, with the main differences observed between SBRT and conventionally fractionated RT. SBRT favorably impacts immune response in term of increased B cells, central-memory and effector-memory CD8+ T cells, along with decreased Treg cells after treatment. On the contrary, conventional fractionated RT had a long-term negative effect on the systemic immune profile, including a decrease of total lymphocyte counts accompanied by an increase of neutrophils-to-lymphocytes ratio. Total B and T cells decreased and Treg-to-CD8+ ratio increased. Functionality of T lymphocytes were not affected by any of the 3-fractionation schedules. Interestingly, SBRT significantly up-regulates the expression of V-domain immunoglobulin suppressor of T-cell activation (VISTA) in CD8+ T cells in the absence of other IRs. Our results indicate the relevance of systematic immunomonitoring during RT to identify novel immune-related target to design trials of combined radio-immunotherapy as a promising strategy in the clinical management of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belinda Palermo
- Unit Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Bottero
- Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariangela Panetta
- Unit Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Adriana Faiella
- Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Isabella Sperduti
- Biostatistical Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Serena Masi
- Clinical Pathology and Cancer Biobank, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Frisullo
- Unit Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Laura Foddai
- Transfusion Medicine, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Iole Cordone
- Clinical Pathology and Cancer Biobank, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Nisticò
- Unit Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy,Paola Nisticò Unit Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sanguineti
- Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy,CONTACT Giuseppe Sanguineti
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Porciello N, Franzese O, D’Ambrosio L, Palermo B, Nisticò P. T-cell repertoire diversity: friend or foe for protective antitumor response? J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2022; 41:356. [PMID: 36550555 PMCID: PMC9773533 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02566-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Profiling the T-Cell Receptor (TCR) repertoire is establishing as a potent approach to investigate autologous and treatment-induced antitumor immune response. Technical and computational breakthroughs, including high throughput next-generation sequencing (NGS) approaches and spatial transcriptomics, are providing unprecedented insight into the mechanisms underlying antitumor immunity. A precise spatiotemporal variation of T-cell repertoire, which dynamically mirrors the functional state of the evolving host-cancer interaction, allows the tracking of the T-cell populations at play, and may identify the key cells responsible for tumor eradication, the evaluation of minimal residual disease and the identification of biomarkers of response to immunotherapy. In this review we will discuss the relationship between global metrics characterizing the TCR repertoire such as T-cell clonality and diversity and the resultant functional responses. In particular, we will explore how specific TCR repertoires in cancer patients can be predictive of prognosis or response to therapy and in particular how a given TCR re-arrangement, following immunotherapy, can predict a specific clinical outcome. Finally, we will examine current improvements in terms of T-cell sequencing, discussing advantages and challenges of current methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicla Porciello
- grid.417520.50000 0004 1760 5276Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Ornella Franzese
- grid.6530.00000 0001 2300 0941Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo D’Ambrosio
- grid.417520.50000 0004 1760 5276Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Belinda Palermo
- grid.417520.50000 0004 1760 5276Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Nisticò
- grid.417520.50000 0004 1760 5276Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
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7
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Baldari S, Manni I, Di Rocco G, Paolini F, Palermo B, Piaggio G, Toietta G. Reduction of Cell Proliferation by Acute C 2H 6O Exposure. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13194999. [PMID: 34638483 PMCID: PMC8508324 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13194999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Alcoholic beverages and acetaldehyde formed during their metabolism are carcinogenic to humans. Alcohol drinking may affect bone marrow stem cell niche, suppressing physiological hematopoiesis and ultimately reducing the organism’s capacity to fight against cancer, infections, and to promote tissue regeneration. To elucidate in vivo the cellular mechanisms associated with alcohol intake toxicity, we used a mouse model in which proliferating cells produce the firefly’s light-emitting protein. In this animal, alcohol exposure transiently “turns off the light”, indicating a negative effect on cell proliferation in the bone marrow and spleen. Pharmacological treatment with substances interfering with ethanol metabolism, reducing acetaldehyde production, partially restores the physiological cell proliferation rate. Over 560 million people worldwide have increased susceptibility to acetaldehyde toxicity and 4% of cancer deaths are attributable to alcohol. Our model might provide a suitable tool to further investigate in vivo the effects of alcohol metabolism and aldehydes production on carcinogenesis. Abstract Endogenous acetaldehyde production from the metabolism of ingested alcohol exposes hematopoietic progenitor cells to increased genotoxic risk. To develop possible therapeutic strategies to prevent or reverse alcohol abuse effects, it would be critical to determine the temporal progression of acute ethanol toxicity on progenitor cell numbers and proliferative status. We followed the variation of the cell proliferation rate in bone marrow and spleen in response to acute ethanol intoxication in the MITO-Luc mouse, in which NF-Y-dependent cell proliferation can be assessed in vivo by non-invasive bioluminescent imaging. One week after ethanol administration, bioluminescent signals in bone marrow and spleen decreased below the level corresponding to physiological proliferation, and they progressively resumed to pre-treatment values in approximately 4 weeks. Boosting acetaldehyde catabolism by administration of an aldehyde dehydrogenase activity activator or administration of polyphenols with antioxidant activity partially restored bone marrow cells’ physiological proliferation. These results indicate that in this mouse model, bioluminescent alteration reflects the reduction of the physiological proliferation rate of bone marrow progenitor cells due to the toxic effect of aldehydes generated by alcohol oxidation. In summary, this study presents a novel view of the impact of acute alcohol intake on bone marrow cell proliferation in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Baldari
- Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (S.B.); (F.P.); (B.P.)
| | - Isabella Manni
- Stabilimento Allevatore Fornitore Utilizzatore (SAFU), IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (I.M.); (G.P.)
| | - Giuliana Di Rocco
- Unit of Cellular Networks and Molecular Therapeutic Targets, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy;
| | - Francesca Paolini
- Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (S.B.); (F.P.); (B.P.)
| | - Belinda Palermo
- Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (S.B.); (F.P.); (B.P.)
| | - Giulia Piaggio
- Stabilimento Allevatore Fornitore Utilizzatore (SAFU), IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (I.M.); (G.P.)
| | - Gabriele Toietta
- Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy; (S.B.); (F.P.); (B.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-06-5266-2604
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8
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Fluckiger A, Daillère R, Sassi M, Sixt BS, Liu P, Loos F, Richard C, Rabu C, Alou MT, Goubet AG, Lemaitre F, Ferrere G, Derosa L, Duong CPM, Messaoudene M, Gagné A, Joubert P, De Sordi L, Debarbieux L, Simon S, Scarlata CM, Ayyoub M, Palermo B, Facciolo F, Boidot R, Wheeler R, Boneca IG, Sztupinszki Z, Papp K, Csabai I, Pasolli E, Segata N, Lopez-Otin C, Szallasi Z, Andre F, Iebba V, Quiniou V, Klatzmann D, Boukhalil J, Khelaifia S, Raoult D, Albiges L, Escudier B, Eggermont A, Mami-Chouaib F, Nistico P, Ghiringhelli F, Routy B, Labarrière N, Cattoir V, Kroemer G, Zitvogel L. Cross-reactivity between tumor MHC class I-restricted antigens and an enterococcal bacteriophage. Science 2020; 369:936-942. [PMID: 32820119 DOI: 10.1126/science.aax0701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal microbiota have been proposed to induce commensal-specific memory T cells that cross-react with tumor-associated antigens. We identified major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I-binding epitopes in the tail length tape measure protein (TMP) of a prophage found in the genome of the bacteriophage Enterococcus hirae Mice bearing E. hirae harboring this prophage mounted a TMP-specific H-2Kb-restricted CD8+ T lymphocyte response upon immunotherapy with cyclophosphamide or anti-PD-1 antibodies. Administration of bacterial strains engineered to express the TMP epitope improved immunotherapy in mice. In renal and lung cancer patients, the presence of the enterococcal prophage in stools and expression of a TMP-cross-reactive antigen by tumors correlated with long-term benefit of PD-1 blockade therapy. In melanoma patients, T cell clones recognizing naturally processed cancer antigens that are cross-reactive with microbial peptides were detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Fluckiger
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), Villejuif, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1015, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Romain Daillère
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), Villejuif, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1015, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,everImmune, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Villejuif, France
| | - Mohamed Sassi
- Université Rennes 1, Laboratoire de Biochimie Pharmaceutique, Inserm U1230 - UPRES EA 2311, Rennes, France
| | - Barbara Susanne Sixt
- Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden, Umeå Centre for Microbial Research, Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, 90187, Umeå, Sweden.,Cell Biology and Metabolomics Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France.,Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.,INSERM U1138, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Peng Liu
- Cell Biology and Metabolomics Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France.,Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.,INSERM U1138, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Friedemann Loos
- Cell Biology and Metabolomics Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France.,Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.,INSERM U1138, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Corentin Richard
- Research Platform in Biological Oncology, Dijon, France.,GIMI Genetic and Immunology Medical Institute, Dijon, France.,University of Burgundy-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Catherine Rabu
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology," Nantes, France
| | - Maryam Tidjani Alou
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), Villejuif, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1015, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,UMR MEPHI, Aix-Marseille Université, IRD, AP-HM, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée-Infection, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385, Marseille cedex 05, France
| | - Anne-Gaëlle Goubet
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), Villejuif, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1015, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Fabien Lemaitre
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), Villejuif, France.,everImmune, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Villejuif, France
| | - Gladys Ferrere
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), Villejuif, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1015, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Lisa Derosa
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), Villejuif, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1015, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, F-94805, France
| | - Connie P M Duong
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), Villejuif, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1015, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Meriem Messaoudene
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Research Center and Department of Cytology and Pathology, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Andréanne Gagné
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Research Center and Department of Cytology and Pathology, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Philippe Joubert
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Research Center and Department of Cytology and Pathology, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Luisa De Sordi
- Bacteriophage, Bacterium, Host Laboratory, Institut Pasteur, F-75015 Paris, France.,Sorbonne Université, Centre de Recherche Saint Antoine, INSERM UMRS_938, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Debarbieux
- Bacteriophage, Bacterium, Host Laboratory, Institut Pasteur, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Sylvain Simon
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology," Nantes, France
| | - Clara-Maria Scarlata
- Cancer Research Centre of Toulouse, INSERM UMR 1037, 31037 Toulouse, France; Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, 31330 Toulouse, France; Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, 31100 Toulouse, France
| | - Maha Ayyoub
- Cancer Research Centre of Toulouse, INSERM UMR 1037, 31037 Toulouse, France; Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, 31330 Toulouse, France; Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, 31100 Toulouse, France
| | - Belinda Palermo
- Unit of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Facciolo
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Surgical Oncology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Romain Boidot
- Unit of Molecular Biology, Department of Biology and Pathology of Tumors, Georges-François Leclerc Anticancer Center, UNICANCER, Dijon, France
| | - Richard Wheeler
- Institut Pasteur, Unit Biology and Genetics of the Bacterial Cell Wall, Paris, France
| | - Ivo Gomperts Boneca
- Institut Pasteur, Unit Biology and Genetics of the Bacterial Cell Wall, Paris, France
| | - Zsofia Sztupinszki
- Computational Health Informatics Program (CHIP), Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Krisztian Papp
- Department of Physics of Complex Systems, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Istvan Csabai
- Department of Physics of Complex Systems, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Edoardo Pasolli
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Nicola Segata
- Department CIBIO, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Carlos Lopez-Otin
- Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.,INSERM U1138, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.,Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Oncología (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Zoltan Szallasi
- Computational Health Informatics Program (CHIP), Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.,MTA-SE-NAP, Brain Metastasis Research Group, 2nd Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Fabrice Andre
- Department of Cancer Medicine, Breast Cancer Committee, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,INSERM Unit 981, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Valerio Iebba
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), Villejuif, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1015, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, 34137 Trieste, Italy
| | - Valentin Quiniou
- AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Clinical Investigation Center in Biotherapy (CIC-BTi) and Immunology-Inflammation-Infectiology and Dermatology Department (3iD), F-75651, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (i3), F-75651, Paris, France
| | - David Klatzmann
- AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Clinical Investigation Center in Biotherapy (CIC-BTi) and Immunology-Inflammation-Infectiology and Dermatology Department (3iD), F-75651, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (i3), F-75651, Paris, France
| | - Jacques Boukhalil
- UMR MEPHI, Aix-Marseille Université, IRD, AP-HM, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée-Infection, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385, Marseille cedex 05, France
| | - Saber Khelaifia
- UMR MEPHI, Aix-Marseille Université, IRD, AP-HM, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée-Infection, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385, Marseille cedex 05, France
| | - Didier Raoult
- UMR MEPHI, Aix-Marseille Université, IRD, AP-HM, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée-Infection, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385, Marseille cedex 05, France
| | - Laurence Albiges
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), Villejuif, France.,Department of Medical Oncology, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Bernard Escudier
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), Villejuif, France.,Department of Medical Oncology, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,INSERM U981, GRCC, Villejuif, France
| | - Alexander Eggermont
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), Villejuif, France.,Princess Maxima Center, CS 3584 Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Fathia Mami-Chouaib
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Gustave Roussy, Fac. de Médecine - Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Paola Nistico
- Unit of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.,Thoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Surgical Oncology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Bertrand Routy
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Research Center and Department of Cytology and Pathology, Québec City, Québec, Canada.,Division d'Hémato-Oncologie, Département de Médicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Nathalie Labarrière
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology," Nantes, France
| | - Vincent Cattoir
- Université Rennes 1, Laboratoire de Biochimie Pharmaceutique, Inserm U1230 - UPRES EA 2311, Rennes, France.,CHU de Rennes - Hôpital Ponchaillou, Service de Bactériologie-Hygiène Hospitalière, Rennes, France.,CNR de la Résistance aux Antibiotiques (laboratoire associé 'Entérocoques'), Rennes, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Cell Biology and Metabolomics Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France. .,Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France.,INSERM U1138, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.,Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.,Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, 1 Stockholm, Sweden.,Suzhou Institute for Systems Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Suzhou, China.,Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| | - Laurence Zitvogel
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), Villejuif, France. .,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1015, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.,Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, F-94805, France.,Suzhou Institute for Systems Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Suzhou, China
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9
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Fluckiger A, Daillère R, Sassi M, Sixt BS, Liu P, Loos F, Richard C, Rabu C, Alou MT, Goubet AG, Lemaitre F, Ferrere G, Derosa L, Duong CPM, Messaoudene M, Gagné A, Joubert P, De Sordi L, Debarbieux L, Simon S, Scarlata CM, Ayyoub M, Palermo B, Facciolo F, Boidot R, Wheeler R, Boneca IG, Sztupinszki Z, Papp K, Csabai I, Pasolli E, Segata N, Lopez-Otin C, Szallasi Z, Andre F, Iebba V, Quiniou V, Klatzmann D, Boukhalil J, Khelaifia S, Raoult D, Albiges L, Escudier B, Eggermont A, Mami-Chouaib F, Nistico P, Ghiringhelli F, Routy B, Labarrière N, Cattoir V, Kroemer G, Zitvogel L. Cross-reactivity between tumor MHC class I-restricted antigens and an enterococcal bacteriophage. Science 2020. [PMID: 32820119 DOI: 10.1126/science.aax0701/suppl_file/aax0701_fluckiger_sm.pdf] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal microbiota have been proposed to induce commensal-specific memory T cells that cross-react with tumor-associated antigens. We identified major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I-binding epitopes in the tail length tape measure protein (TMP) of a prophage found in the genome of the bacteriophage Enterococcus hirae Mice bearing E. hirae harboring this prophage mounted a TMP-specific H-2Kb-restricted CD8+ T lymphocyte response upon immunotherapy with cyclophosphamide or anti-PD-1 antibodies. Administration of bacterial strains engineered to express the TMP epitope improved immunotherapy in mice. In renal and lung cancer patients, the presence of the enterococcal prophage in stools and expression of a TMP-cross-reactive antigen by tumors correlated with long-term benefit of PD-1 blockade therapy. In melanoma patients, T cell clones recognizing naturally processed cancer antigens that are cross-reactive with microbial peptides were detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Fluckiger
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), Villejuif, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1015, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Romain Daillère
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), Villejuif, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1015, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- everImmune, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Villejuif, France
| | - Mohamed Sassi
- Université Rennes 1, Laboratoire de Biochimie Pharmaceutique, Inserm U1230 - UPRES EA 2311, Rennes, France
| | - Barbara Susanne Sixt
- Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden, Umeå Centre for Microbial Research, Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, 90187, Umeå, Sweden
- Cell Biology and Metabolomics Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
- Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- INSERM U1138, Paris, France
- Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Peng Liu
- Cell Biology and Metabolomics Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
- Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- INSERM U1138, Paris, France
- Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Friedemann Loos
- Cell Biology and Metabolomics Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
- Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- INSERM U1138, Paris, France
- Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Corentin Richard
- Research Platform in Biological Oncology, Dijon, France
- GIMI Genetic and Immunology Medical Institute, Dijon, France
- University of Burgundy-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Catherine Rabu
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology," Nantes, France
| | - Maryam Tidjani Alou
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), Villejuif, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1015, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- UMR MEPHI, Aix-Marseille Université, IRD, AP-HM, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée-Infection, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385, Marseille cedex 05, France
| | - Anne-Gaëlle Goubet
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), Villejuif, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1015, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Fabien Lemaitre
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), Villejuif, France
- everImmune, Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Villejuif, France
| | - Gladys Ferrere
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), Villejuif, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1015, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Lisa Derosa
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), Villejuif, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1015, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, F-94805, France
| | - Connie P M Duong
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), Villejuif, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1015, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Meriem Messaoudene
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Research Center and Department of Cytology and Pathology, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Andréanne Gagné
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Research Center and Department of Cytology and Pathology, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Philippe Joubert
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Research Center and Department of Cytology and Pathology, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Luisa De Sordi
- Bacteriophage, Bacterium, Host Laboratory, Institut Pasteur, F-75015 Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Centre de Recherche Saint Antoine, INSERM UMRS_938, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Debarbieux
- Bacteriophage, Bacterium, Host Laboratory, Institut Pasteur, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Sylvain Simon
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology," Nantes, France
| | - Clara-Maria Scarlata
- Cancer Research Centre of Toulouse, INSERM UMR 1037, 31037 Toulouse, France; Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, 31330 Toulouse, France; Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, 31100 Toulouse, France
| | - Maha Ayyoub
- Cancer Research Centre of Toulouse, INSERM UMR 1037, 31037 Toulouse, France; Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, 31330 Toulouse, France; Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, 31100 Toulouse, France
| | - Belinda Palermo
- Unit of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Facciolo
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Surgical Oncology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Romain Boidot
- Unit of Molecular Biology, Department of Biology and Pathology of Tumors, Georges-François Leclerc Anticancer Center, UNICANCER, Dijon, France
| | - Richard Wheeler
- Institut Pasteur, Unit Biology and Genetics of the Bacterial Cell Wall, Paris, France
| | - Ivo Gomperts Boneca
- Institut Pasteur, Unit Biology and Genetics of the Bacterial Cell Wall, Paris, France
| | - Zsofia Sztupinszki
- Computational Health Informatics Program (CHIP), Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Krisztian Papp
- Department of Physics of Complex Systems, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Istvan Csabai
- Department of Physics of Complex Systems, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Edoardo Pasolli
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Nicola Segata
- Department CIBIO, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Carlos Lopez-Otin
- Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- INSERM U1138, Paris, France
- Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Instituto Universitario de Oncología (IUOPA), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Zoltan Szallasi
- Computational Health Informatics Program (CHIP), Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
- MTA-SE-NAP, Brain Metastasis Research Group, 2nd Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Fabrice Andre
- Department of Cancer Medicine, Breast Cancer Committee, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- INSERM Unit 981, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Valerio Iebba
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), Villejuif, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1015, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, 34137 Trieste, Italy
| | - Valentin Quiniou
- AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Clinical Investigation Center in Biotherapy (CIC-BTi) and Immunology-Inflammation-Infectiology and Dermatology Department (3iD), F-75651, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (i3), F-75651, Paris, France
| | - David Klatzmann
- AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Clinical Investigation Center in Biotherapy (CIC-BTi) and Immunology-Inflammation-Infectiology and Dermatology Department (3iD), F-75651, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (i3), F-75651, Paris, France
| | - Jacques Boukhalil
- UMR MEPHI, Aix-Marseille Université, IRD, AP-HM, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée-Infection, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385, Marseille cedex 05, France
| | - Saber Khelaifia
- UMR MEPHI, Aix-Marseille Université, IRD, AP-HM, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée-Infection, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385, Marseille cedex 05, France
| | - Didier Raoult
- UMR MEPHI, Aix-Marseille Université, IRD, AP-HM, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée-Infection, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385, Marseille cedex 05, France
| | - Laurence Albiges
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), Villejuif, France
- Department of Medical Oncology, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Bernard Escudier
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), Villejuif, France
- Department of Medical Oncology, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- INSERM U981, GRCC, Villejuif, France
| | - Alexander Eggermont
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), Villejuif, France
- Princess Maxima Center, CS 3584 Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Fathia Mami-Chouaib
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Gustave Roussy, Fac. de Médecine - Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805, Villejuif, France
| | - Paola Nistico
- Unit of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Surgical Oncology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Bertrand Routy
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Research Center and Department of Cytology and Pathology, Québec City, Québec, Canada
- Division d'Hémato-Oncologie, Département de Médicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Nathalie Labarrière
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
- LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology," Nantes, France
| | - Vincent Cattoir
- Université Rennes 1, Laboratoire de Biochimie Pharmaceutique, Inserm U1230 - UPRES EA 2311, Rennes, France
- CHU de Rennes - Hôpital Ponchaillou, Service de Bactériologie-Hygiène Hospitalière, Rennes, France
- CNR de la Résistance aux Antibiotiques (laboratoire associé 'Entérocoques'), Rennes, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Cell Biology and Metabolomics Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France.
- Equipe 11 labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- INSERM U1138, Paris, France
- Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, 1 Stockholm, Sweden
- Suzhou Institute for Systems Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Suzhou, China
- Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| | - Laurence Zitvogel
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), Villejuif, France.
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1015, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, F-94805, France
- Suzhou Institute for Systems Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Suzhou, China
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10
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Galli F, Aguilera JV, Palermo B, Markovic SN, Nisticò P, Signore A. Relevance of immune cell and tumor microenvironment imaging in the new era of immunotherapy. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2020; 39:89. [PMID: 32423420 PMCID: PMC7236372 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01586-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-infiltrating immune cells play a key role against cancer. However, malignant cells are able to evade the immune response and establish a very complex balance in which different immune subtypes may drive tumor progression, metastatization and resistance to therapy. New immunotherapeutic approaches aim at restoring the natural balance and increase immune response against cancer by different mechanisms. The complexity of these interactions and the heterogeneity of immune cell subpopulations are a real challenge when trying to develop new immunotherapeutics and evaluate or predict their efficacy in vivo. To this purpose, molecular imaging can offer non-invasive diagnostic tools like radiopharmaceuticals, contrast agents or fluorescent dyes. These agents can be useful for preclinical and clinical purposes and can overcome [18F]FDG limitations in discriminating between true-progression and pseudo-progression. This review provides a comprehensive overview of immune cells involved in microenvironment, available immunotherapies and imaging agents to highlight the importance of new therapeutic biomarkers and their in vivo evaluation to improve the management of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Galli
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and of Translational Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, S. Andrea University Hospital, Roma, Italy.
| | - Jesus Vera Aguilera
- Department of oncology and Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, (MN), Rochester, USA
| | - Belinda Palermo
- Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Svetomir N Markovic
- Department of oncology and Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, (MN), Rochester, USA
| | - Paola Nisticò
- Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy Unit, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Signore
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and of Translational Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, S. Andrea University Hospital, Roma, Italy
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11
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Urbani F, Ferraresi V, Capone I, Macchia I, Palermo B, Nuzzo C, Torsello A, Pezzotti P, Giannarelli D, Pozzi AF, Santaquilani M, Roazzi P, Bastucci S, Catricalà C, La Malfa A, Vercillo G, Gualtieri N, Buccione C, Castiello L, Cognetti F, Nisticò P, Belardelli F, Moschella F, Proietti E. Clinical and Immunological Outcomes in High-Risk Resected Melanoma Patients Receiving Peptide-Based Vaccination and Interferon Alpha, With or Without Dacarbazine Preconditioning: A Phase II Study. Front Oncol 2020; 10:202. [PMID: 32211314 PMCID: PMC7069350 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical studies based on novel rationales and mechanisms of action of chemotherapy agents and cytokines can contribute to the development of new concepts and strategies of antitumor combination therapies. In previous studies, we investigated the paradoxical immunostimulating effects of some chemotherapeutics and the immunoadjuvant activity of interferon alpha (IFN-α) in preclinical and clinical models, thus unraveling novel rationales and mechanisms of action of chemotherapy agents and cytokines for cancer immunotherapy. Here, we carried out a randomized, phase II clinical trial, in which we analyzed the relapse-free (RFS) and overall survival (OS) of 34 completely resected stage III–IV melanoma patients, treated with peptide-based vaccination (Melan-A/MART-1 and NY-ESO-1) in combination with IFN-α2b, with (arm 2) or without (arm 1) dacarbazine preconditioning. All patients were included in the intention-to-treat analysis. At a median follow-up of 4.5 years (interquartile range, 15.4–81.0 months), the rates of RFS were 52.9 and 35.3% in arms 1 and 2, respectively. The 4.5-year OS rates were 68.8% in arm 1 and 62.7% in arm 2. No significant differences were observed between the two arms for both RFS and OS. Interestingly, the RFS and OS curves remained stable starting from 18 and 42 months, respectively. Grade 3 adverse events occurred in 5.9% of patients, whereas grade 4 events were not observed. Both treatments induced a significant expansion of vaccine-specific CD8+ T cells, with no correlation with the clinical outcome. However, treatment-induced increase of polyfunctionality and of interleukin 2 production by Melan-A–specific CD8+ T cells and expansion/activation of natural killer cells correlated with RFS, being observed only in nonrelapsing patients. Despite the recent availability of different therapeutic options, low-cost, low-toxic therapies with long-lasting clinical effects are still needed in patients with high-risk resected stage III/IV melanoma. The combination of peptide vaccination with IFN-α2b showed a minimal toxicity profile and resulted in encouraging RFS and OS rates, justifying further evaluation in clinical trials, which may include the use of checkpoint inhibitors to further expand the antitumor immune response and the clinical outcome. Clinical Trial Registration:https://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu/ctr-search/search, identifier: 2008-008211-26
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Urbani
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.,Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Virginia Ferraresi
- Department of Medical Oncology 1, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Imerio Capone
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Iole Macchia
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Belinda Palermo
- Unit of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Carmen Nuzzo
- Department of Medical Oncology 1, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Torsello
- Department of Medical Oncology 1, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizio Pezzotti
- Department of Infectious Disease, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Diana Giannarelli
- Biostatistical Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Fausta Pozzi
- Hospital Pharmacia, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Roazzi
- Health Technology Assessement, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Bastucci
- Clinical Trial Center, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Antonia La Malfa
- Hospital Pharmacia, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Vercillo
- Clinical Pathology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Novella Gualtieri
- Unit of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Carla Buccione
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Cognetti
- Department of Medical Oncology 1, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Nisticò
- Unit of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Federica Moschella
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Proietti
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
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12
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Palermo B, Franzese O, Panetta M, Ferraresi V, Alessandrini G, Facciolo F, Ciliberto G, Nistico P. Abstract A207: PD-1-functionality and CD28 molecule expression in CD8+ T-cells of cancer patients. Cancer Immunol Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/2326-6074.cricimteatiaacr18-a207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The main objective of cancer immunotherapy is an efficacious control over tumor progression through the generation of a strong and persistent T-cell mediated immune response. T-cells constantly exposed to tumor-associated antigens experience phenotypic and functional changes, acquiring a dysfunctional state due, at least in part, to the expression of co-inhibitory receptors including Programmed Death 1 (PD-1). Nevertheless, recently it has been demonstrated that the main downstream target of PD-1-mediated signaling is CD28, opening an important implication for the immune checkpoint blockade in cancer immunotherapy. Recently we have demonstrated that CD8+ T-cell anti-tumor functional advantage induced by combined chemotherapy before peptide-vaccination is determined by tumor antigen nature, immune-checkpoint phenotype, TCR repertoire diversity and antitumor lytic capability. In particular, in accordance with several recent studies, we have observed that in Ag-specific CD8+ T-cells the co-expression of PD-1 with CD28 confers an exhausted phenotype and a defective antitumor functionality, that may be reverted by the blockade of PD-1, while a subset of Ag-specific CD8+ T-cell clones characterized by high levels of PD-1 in the absence of CD28, and the presence of ICOS, showed high proliferative capability and an AKT-dependent antitumor functionality sustained by ICOS (1-3). Herein, to better elucidate the role of PD-1 in CD8 T-cell differentiation and function, we show that, differently from functional PD1-positive/CD28-negative T-cells, Ag- specific CD8+ T-cell clones are not polyfunctional, not able to lyse tumor cells and did not possess an active AKT pathway when PD-1 and CD28 were co-expressed. This suggests that the AKT kinase was activated in these T-cells expressing PD-1 but not CD28. To clarify the complex role of PD-1 in regulating T-cell functionality on the basis of our observations obtained in tumor Ag-specific CD8+ T-cell clones, we have analyzed the phenotypic and functional distribution of CD8+ T-cells, with respect to PD-1 and CD28 expression, in patients with different types of cancer. Preliminary results indicate that functional distinct PD-1/CD28 CD8+ T-cell subsets can be found in peripheral blood of cancer patients with a pattern of functionality similar to that identified in CD8 T-cell clones. Furthermore, to identity whether the lung tumor microenvironment may influence the frequency and functionality of these T-cell populations, we have compared these subsets in the periphery and tumor site in lung cancer. These results may clarify the complex role of PD-1 in regulating T-cell functionality and may provide a significant perspective for exploiting the functional significance of T-cell subsets defined by PD-1/CD28 expression, to predict and monitor tumor responsive T-cells during immunotherapy treatments based on PD-1 blockade.§ B.P. and O.F. contributed equally to this work. References: 1. Palermo B, Franzese O, et al. OncoImmunology. In press. https://doi.org/10.1080/2162402X.2018.1465163. 2. Franzese O, Palermo B, et al. OncoImmunology 2016. Feb 1;5(5):e1114203. 3. Palermo B, et al. Cancer Res 2010 Sep 15;70(18):7084-92.
Citation Format: Belinda Palermo, Ornella Franzese, Mariangela Panetta, Virginia Ferraresi, Gabriele Alessandrini, Franco Facciolo, Gennaro Ciliberto, Paola Nistico. PD-1-functionality and CD28 molecule expression in CD8+ T-cells of cancer patients [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Fourth CRI-CIMT-EATI-AACR International Cancer Immunotherapy Conference: Translating Science into Survival; Sept 30-Oct 3, 2018; New York, NY. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2019;7(2 Suppl):Abstract nr A207.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belinda Palermo
- National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy; IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy; University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Ornella Franzese
- National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy; IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy; University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariangela Panetta
- National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy; IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy; University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Virginia Ferraresi
- National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy; IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy; University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Alessandrini
- National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy; IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy; University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Franco Facciolo
- National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy; IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy; University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Gennaro Ciliberto
- National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy; IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy; University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Nistico
- National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy; IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy; University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
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13
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Palermo B, Franzese O, Donna CD, Panetta M, Quintarelli C, Sperduti I, Gualtieri N, Foddai ML, Proietti E, Ferraresi V, Ciliberto G, Nisticò P. Antigen-specificity and DTIC before peptide-vaccination differently shape immune-checkpoint expression pattern, anti-tumor functionality and TCR repertoire in melanoma patients. Oncoimmunology 2018; 7:e1465163. [PMID: 30524882 PMCID: PMC6279427 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2018.1465163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
We have recently described that DNA-damage inducing drug DTIC, administered before peptide (Melan-A and gp100)-vaccination, improves anti-tumor CD8+ Melan-A-specific T-cell functionality, enlarges the Melan-A+ TCR repertoire and impacts the overall survival of melanoma patients. To identify whether the two Ags employed in the vaccination differently shape the anti-tumor response, herein we have carried out a detailed analysis of phenotype, anti-tumor functionality and TCR repertoire in treatment-driven gp100-specific CD8+ T cells, in the same patients previously analyzed for Melan-A. We found that T-cell clones isolated from patients treated with vaccination alone possessed an Early/intermediate differentiated phenotype, whereas T cells isolated after DTIC plus vaccination were late-differentiated. Sequencing analysis of the TCRBV chains of 29 treatment-driven gp100-specific CD8+ T-cell clones revealed an oligoclonal TCR repertoire irrespective of the treatment schedule. The high anti-tumor activity observed in T cells isolated after chemo-immunotherapy was associated with low PD-1 expression. Differently, T-cell clones isolated after peptide-vaccination alone expressed a high level of PD-1, along with LAG-3 and TIM-3, and were neither tumor-reactive nor polyfunctional. Blockade of PD-1 reversed gp100-specific CD8+ T-cell dysfunctionality, confirming the direct role of this co-inhibitory molecule in suppressing anti-tumor activity, differently from what we have previously observed for Melan-A+CD8+ T cells, expressing PD-1 but highly functional. These findings indicate that the functional advantage induced by combined chemo-immunotherapy is determined by the tumor antigen nature, T-cell immune-checkpoints phenotype, TCR repertoire diversity and anti-tumor T-cell quality and highlights the importance of integrating these parameters to develop effective immunotherapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belinda Palermo
- Unit of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Ornella Franzese
- Department of Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Cosmo Di Donna
- Unit of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariangela Panetta
- Unit of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Concetta Quintarelli
- Department of Pediatric Haematology and Oncology, IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy.,Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Novella Gualtieri
- Unit of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Enrico Proietti
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome
| | | | | | - Paola Nisticò
- Unit of Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
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14
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Modugno FD, Spada S, Palermo B, Visca P, Iapicca P, Carlo AD, Antoniani B, Sperduti I, Benedetto AD, Terrenato I, Mottolese M, Gandolfi F, Facciolo F, Chen E, Schwartz MA, Santoni A, Bissell MJ, Nisticò P. Abstract 5224: hMENA isoforms impact NSCLC patient outcome through fibronectin/β1 integrin axis. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2018-5224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The splicing of the actin regulator hMENA generates different isoforms and we have demonstrated that the two alternatively expressed isoforms, hMENA11a and hMENAΔv6, have opposite functions in cell invasiveness. This general mechanism is of great clinical relevance in early NSCLC patients, where the pattern of hMENA isoform expression is a powerful prognostic factor. However the mechanism of action of the two isoforms have remained unclear. Herein, we evaluated whether hMENA and its isoforms influence β1 integrin expression and signaling considering the role of this integrin in cancer cell invasiveness and tumor progression. We performed hMENA silencing by siRNA and shRNA, to evaluate by QRT-PCR and biochemical approaches the expression of β1 integrin; by immunofluorescence the MRTF1 localization, by in vivo assay G-Actin/F-Actin ratio and by luciferase reporter assay the SRF activity. β1 integrin activation and signaling was evaluated by flow cytometry using an antibody specific for the β1 active conformation and by biochemical analysis of the phosphorylation of FAK, SRC and Paxillin. The secretoma of hMENA11a transfected cancer cell lines was analyzed by LC-MS/MS. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed using pan-hMENA, hMENA11a, and fibronectin antibodies in primary cancer tissues from node negative NSCLC patients. The Chi-Square or Fisher Exact tests were used to estimate associations among categorical variables and disease-free survival was calculated by the Kaplan-Meier product limit method. We show that the depletion of all hMENA isoforms inhibits the Serum Response Factor (SRF) activity, and the expression of its target gene β1 Integrin, by affecting G-Actin/F-Actin ratio, critical for the nuclear localization of the SRF co-factor myocardin related transcription factor 1 (MRTF1). Furthermore, we provide new insights into the mechanisms involved in the opposite functions of hMENA11a and hMENAΔv6 in cell invasiveness and we identify a new role of these isoforms in the β1 integrin-ECM signalling axis. Indeed, hMENAΔv6-drives cancer cell invasion by increasing β1 integrin activation and signalling, which is reduced by the anti-invasive hMENA11a isoform. Moreover, exogenous expression of hMENA11a in hMENAΔv6 positive cancer cells dramatically reduces secretion of extracellular matrix (ECM) components, including β1 integrin ligands and metalloproteinases. On the other hand overexpression of the pro-invasive hMENAΔv6 increases fibronectin production. In primary tumors high hMENA11a correlates with low stromal fibronectin and favorable clinical outcome of early node-negative non-small cell lung cancer patients. This newly discovered signature, which pays attention to the alternative splicing of hMENA and ECM components such as fibronectin in the stroma, might help fill in the gap in the still controversial clinical management of early node-negative NSCLC patients.
Citation Format: Francesca Di Modugno, Sheila Spada, Belinda Palermo, Paolo Visca, Pierluigi Iapicca, Anna Di Carlo, Barbara Antoniani, Isabella Sperduti, Anna Di Benedetto, Irene Terrenato, Marcella Mottolese, Francesco Gandolfi, Francesco Facciolo, Emily Chen, Martin A. Schwartz, Angela Santoni, Mina J. Bissell, Paola Nisticò. hMENA isoforms impact NSCLC patient outcome through fibronectin/β1 integrin axis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 5224.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sheila Spada
- 1Regina Elena National Cancer Inst., Rome, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Visca
- 1Regina Elena National Cancer Inst., Rome, Italy
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15
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Palermo B, Franzese O, Donna CD, Panetta M, Sperduti I, Soriani A, Foddai ML, Santoni A, Nisticò P. Abstract A040: The low antitumor functionality of PD1-positive gp100-specific CD8+ T cell clones isolated from melanoma patients correlates with the presence of CD28 co-stimulatory molecule. Cancer Immunol Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.imm2016-a040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: The identification of activation pathways linked to anti-tumor T-cell polyfunctionality in patients responding to immunomodulatory agents is of great relevance in the new era of immunotherapy. An effective anti-tumor immune response is the result of a fine balance between TCR activation and co-stimulatory as well as inhibitory signals. The co-stimulatory molecule CD28 plays an essential role in T-cell activation, and with CD27 characterizes the different T-cell differentiation stages. Terminally differentiated T cells are CD28−CD27−, show an exhausted phenotype, low functionality along with up-regulation of co-inhibitory receptors including PD-1. However, beside its critical role in tumor-induced immune-suppression, PD-1 has recently been described as a marker of highly melanoma-reactive CD8+ T-cells. Accordingly, we have recently reported that Melan-A-specific CD8+ T-cells isolated from melanoma patients treated with combined chemo-immunotherapy [dacarbazine (DTIC) plus Melan-A/gp100 peptide vaccination], showed an enlarged TCR repertoire and high AKT-dependent anti-tumor polyfunctionality sustained by ICOS despite a late differentiated phenotype and high PD-1 expression. We hypothesize that this AKT-dependent anti-tumor polifunctionality may have contributed to protect patients from disease recurrence.
Aim of this study is to identify the complex relationship between PD-1 expression and T-cell effector functions, taking advantage from a panel of antigen-specific (Melan-A and gp100) T-cell clones isolated from melanoma patients.
Methods: We generated gp100-specific CD8+ T-cell clones from patients treated with peptide-vaccination alone or DTIC plus vaccination. We have analyzed the treatment-induced response in terms of TCR-βsequencing, differentiation phenotype, inhibitory receptor profile, polyfunctionality, cytotoxicity and AKT activation, by flow-cytometric, biochemical and functional analyses.
Results: CD8+ gp-100-specific T cells isolated from patients treated with vaccination alone showed an early differentiated phenotype, while those isolated from patients treated with DTIC plus vaccination displayed mostly a late differentiated profile, as defined by the expression of CD28 and/or CD27. These clones possessed an oligoclonal TCR repertoire, irrespective of the treatment received by the patients, differently from results obtained for Melan-A-specific clones. In gp100-specific CD8+ T cells AKT pathway was activated according to their differentiation profile as defined by the expression of CD28 and/or CD27, irrespective of the treatment. High anti-tumor lytic activity and low PD-1 expression were observed in T-cell clones isolated after chemoimmunotherapy, while cells isolated after peptide vaccination alone expressed high level of the inhibitory molecule PD-1, either alone or along with LAG-1 and TIM-3 and were non tumor-reactive. This low anti-tumor polyfunctionality (in terms of TNF-α, IFN-γ and GrB) was increased after anti-PD-1 mAb blockade. Interestingly, differently from Melan A-specific T cells which showed high levels of PD-1 in the absence of CD28, these non-functional gp100-specific T-cell clones expressed PD-1 in the presence of CD28 co-stimulatory molecule.
Conclusions: Our results, obtained in a panel of Melan-A and gp100-specific T-cell clones, show that while PD-1-positive-Melan-A specific T-cell clones have a polyfunctional effector profile in the absence of CD28 expression and in the presence of AKT activation sustained by ICOS, non-functional gp-100-specific PD-1-positive T cells express high level of CD28 molecule. The biochemical pathways involved in the control of functionality of PD-1-expressing CD8+ T cells are currently under investigation.
Citation Format: Belinda Palermo, Ornella Franzese, Cosmo Di Donna, Mariangela Panetta, Isabella Sperduti, Antonella Soriani, Maria Laura Foddai, Angela Santoni, Paola Nisticò. The low antitumor functionality of PD1-positive gp100-specific CD8+ T cell clones isolated from melanoma patients correlates with the presence of CD28 co-stimulatory molecule [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Second CRI-CIMT-EATI-AACR International Cancer Immunotherapy Conference: Translating Science into Survival; 2016 Sept 25-28; New York, NY. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2016;4(11 Suppl):Abstract nr A040.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Paola Nisticò
- 1Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
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Nanda VGY, Peng W, Hwu P, Davies MA, Ciliberto G, Fattore L, Malpicci D, Aurisicchio L, Ascierto PA, Croce CM, Mancini R, Spranger S, Gajewski TF, Wang Y, Ferrone S, Vanpouille-Box C, Wennerberg E, Pilones KA, Formenti SC, Demaria S, Tang H, Wang Y, Fu YX, Dummer R, Puzanov I, Tarhini A, Chauvin JM, Pagliano O, Fourcade J, Sun Z, Wang H, Sanders C, Kirkwood JM, Chen THT, Maurer M, Korman AJ, Zarour HM, Stroncek DF, Huber V, Rivoltini L, Thurin M, Rau T, Lugli A, Pagès F, Camarero J, Sancho A, Jommi C, de Coaña YP, Wolodarski M, Yoshimoto Y, Gentilcore G, Poschke I, Masucci GV, Hansson J, Kiessling R, Scognamiglio G, Sabbatino F, Marino FZ, Anniciello AM, Cantile M, Cerrone M, Scala S, D’alterio C, Ianaro A, Cirin G, Liguori G, Bott G, Chapman PB, Robert C, Larkin J, Haanen JB, Ribas A, Hogg D, Hamid O, Testori A, Lorigan P, Sosman JA, Flaherty KT, Yue H, Coleman S, Caro I, Hauschild A, McArthur GA, Sznol M, Callahan MK, Kluger H, Postow MA, Gordan R, Segal NH, Rizvi NA, Lesokhin A, Atkins MB, Burke MM, Ralabate A, Rivera A, Kronenberg SA, Agunwamba B, Ruisi M, Horak C, Jiang J, Wolchok J, Ascierto PA, Liszkay G, Maio M, Mandalà M, Demidov L, Stoyakovskiy D, Thomas L, de la Cruz-Merino L, Atkinson V, Dutriaux C, Garbe C, Wongchenko M, Chang I, Koralek DO, Rooney I, Yan Y, Dréno B, Sullivan R, Patel M, Hodi S, Amaria R, Boasberg P, Wallin J, He X, Cha E, Richie N, Ballinger M, Smith DC, Bauer TM, Wasser JS, Luke JJ, Balmanoukian AS, Kaufman DR, Zhao Y, Maleski J, Leopold L, Gangadhar TC, Long GV, Michielin O, VanderWalde A, Andtbacka RHI, Cebon J, Fernandez E, Malvehy J, Olszanski AJ, Gause C, Chen L, Chou J, Stephen Hodi F, Brady B, Mortier L, Hassel JC, Rutkowski P, McNeil C, Kalinka-Warzocha E, Lebbé C, Ny L, Chacon M, Queirolo P, Loquai C, Cheema P, Berrocal A, Eizmendi KM, Bar-Sela G, Horak C, Hardy H, Weber JS, Grob JJ, Marquez-Rodas I, Schmidt H, Briscoe K, Baurain JF, Wolchok JD, Pinto R, De Summa S, Garrisi VM, Strippoli S, Azzariti A, Guida G, Guida M, Tommasi S, Jacquelot N, Enot D, Flament C, Pitt JM, Vimond N, Blattner C, Yamazaki T, Roberti MP, Vetizou M, Daillere R, Poirier-Colame V, la Semeraro M, Caignard A, Slingluff CL, Sallusto F, Rusakiewicz S, Weide B, Marabelle A, Kohrt H, Dalle S, Cavalcanti A, Kroemer G, Di Giacomo AM, Maio M, Wong P, Yuan J, Umansky V, Eggermont A, Zitvogel L, Anna P, Marco T, Stefania S, Francesco M, Mariaelena C, Gabriele M, Antonio AP, Franco S, Roberti MP, Enot DP, Semeraro M, Jégou S, Flores C, Chen THT, Kwon BS, Anderson AC, Borg C, Aubin F, Ayyoub M, De Presbiteris AL, Cordaro FG, Camerlingo R, Fratangelo F, Mozzillo N, Pirozzi G, Patriarca EJ, Caputo E, Motti ML, Falcon R, Miceli R, Capone M, Madonna G, Mallardo D, Carrier MV, Panza E, De Cicco P, Armogida C, Ercolano G, Botti G, Cirino G, Sandru A, Blank M, Balatoni T, Olasz J, Farkas E, Szollar A, Savolt A, Godeny M, Csuka O, Horvath S, Eles K, Shoenfeld Y, Kasler M, Costantini S, Capone F, Moradi F, Berglund P, Leandersson K, Linnskog R, Andersson T, Prasad CP, Nigro CL, Lattanzio L, Wang H, Proby C, Syed N, Occelli M, Cauchi C, Merlano M, Harwood C, Thompson A, Crook T, Bifulco K, Ingangi V, Minopoli M, Ragone C, Pessi A, Mannavola F, D’Oronzo S, Felici C, Tucci M, Doronzo A, Silvestris F, Ferretta A, Guida S, Maida I, Cocco T, Passarelli A, Quaresmini D, Franzese O, Palermo B, Di Donna C, Sperduti I, Foddai M, Stabile H, Gismondi A, Santoni A, Nisticò P, Sponghini AP, Platini F, Marra E, Rondonotti D, Alabiso O, Fierro MT, Savoia P, Stratica F, Quaglino P, Di Monta G, Corrado C, Di Marzo M, Ugo M, Di Cecilia ML, Nicola M, Fusciello C, Marra A, Guarrasi R, Baldi C, Russo R, Di Giulio G, Faiola V, Zeppa P, Pepe S, Gambale E, Carella C, Di Paolo A, De Tursi M, Marra L, De Murtas F, Sorrentino V, Voinea S, Panaitescu E, Bolovan M, Stanciu A, Cinca S, Botti C, Aquino G, Anniciello A, Fortes C, Mastroeni S, Caggiati A, Passarelli F, Zappalà A, Capuano M, Bono R, Nudo M, Marino C, Michelozzi P, De Biasio V, Battarra VC, Formenti S, Ascierto ML, McMiller TL, Berger AE, Danilova L, Anders RA, Netto GJ, Xu H, Pritchard TS, Fan J, Cheadle C, Cope L, Drake CG, Pardoll DM, Taube JM, Topalian SL, Gnjatic S, Nataraj S, Imai N, Rahman A, Jungbluth AA, Pan L, Venhaus R, Park A, Lehmann FF, Lendvai N, Cohen AD, Cho HJ, Daniel S, Hirsh V. Melanoma and immunotherapy bridge 2015 : Naples, Italy. 1-5 December 2015. J Transl Med 2016; 14:65. [PMID: 27461275 PMCID: PMC4965835 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-016-0791-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
MELANOMA BRIDGE 2015 KEYNOTE SPEAKER PRESENTATIONS Molecular and immuno-advances K1 Immunologic and metabolic consequences of PI3K/AKT/mTOR activation in melanoma Vashisht G. Y. Nanda, Weiyi Peng, Patrick Hwu, Michael A. Davies K2 Non-mutational adaptive changes in melanoma cells exposed to BRAF and MEK inhibitors help the establishment of drug resistance Gennaro Ciliberto, Luigi Fattore, Debora Malpicci, Luigi Aurisicchio, Paolo Antonio Ascierto, Carlo M. Croce, Rita Mancini K3 Tumor-intrinsic beta-catenin signaling mediates tumor-immune avoidance Stefani Spranger, Thomas F. Gajewski K4 Intracellular tumor antigens as a source of targets of antibody-based immunotherapy of melanoma Yangyang Wang, Soldano Ferrone Combination therapies K5 Harnessing radiotherapy to improve responses to immunotherapy in cancer Claire Vanpouille-Box, Erik Wennerberg, Karsten A. Pilones, Silvia C. Formenti, Sandra Demaria K6 Creating a T cell-inflamed tumor microenvironment overcomes resistance to checkpoint blockade Haidong Tang, Yang Wang, Yang-Xin Fu K7 Biomarkers for treatment decisions? Reinhard Dummer K8 Combining oncolytic therapies in the era of checkpoint inhibitors Igor Puzanov K9 Immune checkpoint blockade for melanoma: should we combine or sequence ipilimumab and PD-1 antibody therapy? Michael A. Postow News in immunotherapy K10 An update on adjuvant and neoadjuvant therapy for melanom Ahmad Tarhini K11 Targeting multiple inhibitory receptors in melanoma Joe-Marc Chauvin, Ornella Pagliano, Julien Fourcade, Zhaojun Sun, Hong Wang, Cindy Sanders, John M. Kirkwood, Tseng-hui Timothy Chen, Mark Maurer, Alan J. Korman, Hassane M. Zarour K12 Improving adoptive immune therapy using genetically engineered T cells David F. Stroncek Tumor microenvironment and biomarkers K13 Myeloid cells and tumor exosomes: a crosstalk for assessing immunosuppression? Veronica Huber, Licia Rivoltini K14 Update on the SITC biomarker taskforce: progress and challenges Magdalena Thurin World-wide immunoscore task force: an update K15 The immunoscore in colorectal cancer highlights the importance of digital scoring systems in surgical pathology Tilman Rau, Alessandro Lugli K16 The immunoscore: toward an integrated immunomonitoring from the diagnosis to the follow up of cancer’s patients Franck Pagès Economic sustainability of melanoma treatments: regulatory, health technology assessment and market access issues K17 Nivolumab, the regulatory experience in immunotherapy Jorge Camarero, Arantxa Sancho K18 Evidence to optimize access for immunotherapies Claudio Jommi ORAL PRESENTATIONS Molecular and immuno-advances O1 Ipilimumab treatment results in CD4 T cell activation that is concomitant with a reduction in Tregs and MDSCs Yago Pico de Coaña, Maria Wolodarski, Yuya Yoshimoto, Giusy Gentilcore, Isabel Poschke, Giuseppe V. Masucci, Johan Hansson, Rolf Kiessling O2 Evaluation of prognostic and therapeutic potential of COX-2 and PD-L1 in primary and metastatic melanoma Giosuè Scognamiglio, Francesco Sabbatino, Federica Zito Marino, Anna Maria Anniciello, Monica Cantile, Margherita Cerrone, Stefania Scala, Crescenzo D’alterio, Angela Ianaro, Giuseppe Cirino, Paolo Antonio Ascierto, Giuseppina Liguori, Gerardo Botti O3 Vemurafenib in patients with BRAFV600 mutation–positive metastatic melanoma: final overall survival results of the BRIM-3 study Paul B. Chapman, Caroline Robert, James Larkin, John B. Haanen, Antoni Ribas, David Hogg, Omid Hamid, Paolo Antonio Ascierto, Alessandro Testori, Paul Lorigan, Reinhard Dummer, Jeffrey A. Sosman, Keith T. Flaherty, Huibin Yue, Shelley Coleman, Ivor Caro, Axel Hauschild, Grant A. McArthur O4 Updated survival, response and safety data in a phase 1 dose-finding study (CA209-004) of concurrent nivolumab (NIVO) and ipilimumab (IPI) in advanced melanoma Mario Sznol, Margaret K. Callahan, Harriet Kluger, Michael A. Postow, RuthAnn Gordan, Neil H. Segal, Naiyer A. Rizvi, Alexander Lesokhin, Michael B. Atkins, John M. Kirkwood, Matthew M. Burke, Amanda Ralabate, Angel Rivera, Stephanie A. Kronenberg, Blessing Agunwamba, Mary Ruisi, Christine Horak, Joel Jiang, Jedd Wolchok Combination therapies O5 Efficacy and correlative biomarker analysis of the coBRIM study comparing cobimetinib (COBI) + vemurafenib (VEM) vs placebo (PBO) + VEM in advanced BRAF-mutated melanoma patients (pts) Paolo A. Ascierto, Grant A. McArthur, James Larkin, Gabriella Liszkay, Michele Maio, Mario Mandalà, Lev Demidov, Daniil Stoyakovskiy, Luc Thomas, Luis de la Cruz-Merino, Victoria Atkinson, Caroline Dutriaux, Claus Garbe, Matthew Wongchenko, Ilsung Chang, Daniel O. Koralek, Isabelle Rooney, Yibing Yan, Antoni Ribas, Brigitte Dréno O6 Preliminary clinical safety, tolerability and activity results from a Phase Ib study of atezolizumab (anti-PDL1) combined with vemurafenib in BRAFV600-mutant metastatic melanoma Ryan Sullivan, Omid Hamid, Manish Patel, Stephen Hodi, Rodabe Amaria, Peter Boasberg, Jeffrey Wallin, Xian He, Edward Cha, Nicole Richie, Marcus Ballinger, Patrick Hwu O7 Preliminary safety and efficacy data from a phase 1/2 study of epacadostat (INCB024360) in combination with pembrolizumab in patients with advanced/metastatic melanoma Thomas F. Gajewski, Omid Hamid, David C. Smith, Todd M. Bauer, Jeffrey S. Wasser, Jason J. Luke, Ani S. Balmanoukian, David R. Kaufman, Yufan Zhao, Janet Maleski, Lance Leopold, Tara C. Gangadhar O8 Primary analysis of MASTERKEY-265 phase 1b study of talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC) and pembrolizumab (pembro) for unresectable stage IIIB-IV melanoma Reinhard Dummer, Georgina V. Long, Antoni Ribas, Igor Puzanov, Olivier Michielin, Ari VanderWalde, Robert H.I. Andtbacka, Jonathan Cebon, Eugenio Fernandez, Josep Malvehy, Anthony J. Olszanski, Thomas F. Gajewski, John M. Kirkwood, Christine Gause, Lisa Chen, David R. Kaufman, Jeffrey Chou, F. Stephen Hodi News in immunotherapy O9 Two-year survival and safety update in patients (pts) with treatment-naïve advanced melanoma (MEL) receiving nivolumab (NIVO) or dacarbazine (DTIC) in CheckMate 066 Victoria Atkinson, Paolo A. Ascierto, Georgina V. Long, Benjamin Brady, Caroline Dutriaux, Michele Maio, Laurent Mortier, Jessica C. Hassel, Piotr Rutkowski, Catriona McNeil, Ewa Kalinka-Warzocha, Celeste Lebbé, Lars Ny, Matias Chacon, Paola Queirolo, Carmen Loquai, Parneet Cheema, Alfonso Berrocal, Karmele Mujika Eizmendi, Luis De La Cruz-Merino, Gil Bar-Sela, Christine Horak, Joel Jiang, Helene Hardy, Caroline Robert O10 Efficacy and safety of nivolumab (NIVO) in patients (pts) with advanced melanoma (MEL) who were treated beyond progression in CheckMate 066/067 Georgina V. Long, Jeffrey S. Weber, James Larkin, Victoria Atkinson, Jean-Jacques Grob, Reinhard Dummer, Caroline Robert, Ivan Marquez-Rodas, Catriona McNeil, Henrik Schmidt, Karen Briscoe, Jean-François Baurain, F. Stephen Hodi, Jedd D. Wolchok Tumor microenvironment and biomarkers O11 New biomarkers for response/resistance to BRAF inhibitor therapy in metastatic melanoma Rosamaria Pinto, Simona De Summa, Vito Michele Garrisi, Sabino Strippoli, Amalia Azzariti, Gabriella Guida, Michele Guida, Stefania Tommasi O12 Chemokine receptor patterns in lymphocytes mirror metastatic spreading in melanoma and response to ipilimumab Nicolas Jacquelot, David Enot, Caroline Flament, Jonathan M. Pitt, Nadège Vimond, Carolin Blattner, Takahiro Yamazaki, Maria-Paula Roberti, Marie Vetizou, Romain Daillere, Vichnou Poirier-Colame, Michaëla Semeraro, Anne Caignard, Craig L Slingluff Jr, Federica Sallusto, Sylvie Rusakiewicz, Benjamin Weide, Aurélien Marabelle, Holbrook Kohrt, Stéphane Dalle, Andréa Cavalcanti, Guido Kroemer, Anna Maria Di Giacomo, Michaele Maio, Phillip Wong, Jianda Yuan, Jedd Wolchok, Viktor Umansky, Alexander Eggermont, Laurence Zitvogel O13 Serum levels of PD1- and CD28-positive exosomes before Ipilimumab correlate with therapeutic response in metastatic melanoma patients Passarelli Anna, Tucci Marco, Stucci Stefania, Mannavola Francesco, Capone Mariaelena, Madonna Gabriele, Ascierto Paolo Antonio, Silvestris Franco O14 Immunological prognostic factors in stage III melanomas María Paula Roberti, Nicolas Jacquelot, David P Enot, Sylvie Rusakiewicz, Michaela Semeraro, Sarah Jégou, Camila Flores, Lieping Chen, Byoung S. Kwon, Ana Carrizossa Anderson, Caroline Robert, Christophe Borg, Benjamin Weide, François Aubin, Stéphane Dalle, Michele Maio, Jedd D. Wolchok, Holbrook Kohrt, Maha Ayyoub, Guido Kroemer, Aurélien Marabelle, Andréa Cavalcanti, Alexander Eggermont, Laurence Zitvogel POSTER PRESENTATIONS Molecular and immuno-advances P1 Human melanoma cells resistant to B-RAF and MEK inhibition exhibit
mesenchymal-like features Anna Lisa De Presbiteris, Fabiola Gilda Cordaro, Rosa Camerlingo, Federica Fratangelo, Nicola Mozzillo, Giuseppe Pirozzi, Eduardo J. Patriarca, Paolo A. Ascierto, Emilia Caputo P2 Anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effect of ABT888 on melanoma cell lines and its potential role in the treatment of melanoma resistant to B-RAF inhibitors Federica Fratangelo, Rosa Camerlingo, Emilia Caputo, Maria Letizia Motti, Rosaria Falcone, Roberta Miceli, Mariaelena Capone, Gabriele Madonna, Domenico Mallardo, Maria Vincenza Carriero, Giuseppe Pirozzi and Paolo Antonio Ascierto P3 Involvement of the L-cysteine/CSE/H2S pathway in human melanoma progression Elisabetta Panza, Paola De Cicco, Chiara Armogida, Giuseppe Ercolano, Rosa Camerlingo, Giuseppe Pirozzi, Giosuè Scognamiglio, Gerardo Botti, Giuseppe Cirino, Angela Ianaro P4 Cancer stem cell antigen revealing pattern of antibody variable region genes were defined by immunoglobulin repertoire analysis in patients with malignant melanoma Beatrix Kotlan, Gabriella Liszkay, Miri Blank, Timea Balatoni, Judit Olasz, Emil Farkas, Andras Szollar, Akos Savolt, Maria Godeny, Orsolya Csuka, Szabolcs Horvath, Klara Eles, Yehuda Shoenfeld and Miklos Kasler P5 Upregulation of Neuregulin-1 expression is a hallmark of adaptive response to BRAF/MEK inhibitors in melanoma Debora Malpicci, Luigi Fattore, Susan Costantini, Francesca Capone, Paolo Antonio Ascierto, Rita Mancini, Gennaro Ciliberto P6 HuR positively regulates migration of HTB63 melanoma cells Farnaz Moradi, Pontus Berglund, Karin Leandersson, Rickard Linnskog, Tommy Andersson, Chandra Prakash Prasad P7 Prolyl 4- (C-P4H) hydroxylases have opposing effects in malignant melanoma: implication in prognosis and therapy Cristiana Lo Nigro, Laura Lattanzio, Hexiao Wang, Charlotte Proby, Nelofer Syed, Marcella Occelli, Carolina Cauchi, Marco Merlano, Catherine Harwood, Alastair Thompson, Tim Crook P8 Urokinase receptor antagonists: novel agents for the treatment of melanoma Maria Letizia Motti, Katia Bifulco, Vincenzo Ingangi, Michele Minopoli, Concetta Ragone, Federica Fratangelo, Antonello Pessi, Gennaro Ciliberto, Paolo Antonio Ascierto, Maria Vincenza Carriero P9 Exosomes released by melanoma cell lines enhance chemotaxis of primary tumor cells Francesco Mannavola, Stella D’Oronzo, Claudia Felici, Marco Tucci, Antonio Doronzo, Franco Silvestris P10 New insights in mitochondrial metabolic reprogramming in melanoma Anna Ferretta, Gabriella Guida, Stefania Guida, Imma Maida, Tiziana Cocco, Sabino Strippoli, Stefania Tommasi, Amalia Azzariti, Michele Guida P11 Lenalidomide restrains the proliferation in melanoma cells through a negative regulation of their cell cycle Stella D’Oronzo, Anna Passarelli, Claudia Felici, Marco Tucci, Davide Quaresmini, Franco Silvestris Combination therapies P12 Chemoimmunotherapy elicits polyfunctional anti-tumor CD8 + T cells depending on the activation of an AKT pathway sustained by ICOS Ornella Franzese, Belinda Palermo, Cosmo Di Donna, Isabella Sperduti, MariaLaura Foddai, Helena Stabile, Angela Gismondi, Angela Santoni, Paola Nisticò P13 Favourable toxicity profile of combined BRAF and MEK inhibitors in metastatic melanoma patients Andrea P. Sponghini, Francesca Platini, Elena Marra, David Rondonotti, Oscar Alabiso, Maria T. Fierro, Paola Savoia, Florian Stratica, Pietro Quaglino P14 Electrothermal bipolar vessel sealing system dissection reduces seroma output or time to drain removal following axillary and ilio-inguinal node dissection in melanoma patients: a pilot study Di Monta Gianluca, Caracò Corrado, Di Marzo Massimiliano, Marone Ugo, Di Cecilia Maria Luisa, Mozzillo Nicola News in immunotherapy P15 Clinical and immunological response to ipilimumab in a metastatic melanoma patient with HIV infection Francesco Sabbatino, Celeste Fusciello1, Antonio Marra, Rosario Guarrasi, Carlo Baldi, Rosa Russo, Di Giulio Giovanni, Vincenzo Faiola, Pio Zeppa, Stefano Pepe P16 Immunotherapy and hypophysitis: a case report Elisabetta Gambale, Consiglia Carella, Alessandra Di Paolo, Michele De Tursi Tumor microenvironment and biomarkers P17 New immuno- histochemical markers for the differential diagnosis of atypical melanocytic lesions with uncertain malignant potential Laura Marra, Giosuè Scognamiglio, Monica Cantile, Margherita Cerrone, Fara De Murtas, Valeria Sorrentino, Anna Maria Anniciello, Gerardo Botti P18 Utility of simultaneous measurement of three serum tumor markers in melanoma patients Angela Sandru, Silviu Voinea, Eugenia Panaitescu, Madalina Bolovan, Adina Stanciu, Sabin Cinca P19 The significance of various cut-off levels of melanoma inhibitory activity in evaluation of cutaneous melanoma patients Angela Sandru, Silviu Voinea, Eugenia Panaitescu, Madalina Bolovan, Adina Stanciu, Sabin Cinca P20 The long noncoding RNA HOTAIR is associated to metastatic progression of melanoma and it can be identified in the blood of patients with advanced disease Chiara Botti, Giosuè Scognamiglio, Laura Marra, Gabriella Aquino, Rosaria Falcone, Annamaria Anniciello, Paolo Antonio Ascierto, Gerardo Botti, Monica Cantile Other P21 The effect of Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in melanoma mortality: timing of dissection Cristina Fortes, Simona Mastroeni, Alessio Caggiati, Francesca Passarelli, Alba Zappalà, Maria Capuano, Riccardo Bono, Maurizio Nudo, Claudia Marino, Paola Michelozzi P22 Epidemiological survey on related psychopathology in melanoma Valeria De Biasio, Vincenzo C. Battarra IMMUNOTHERAPY BRIDGE KEYNOTE SPEAKER PRESENTATIONS Immunotherapy beyond melanoma K19 Predictor of response to radiation and immunotherapy Silvia Formenti K20 Response and resistance to PD-1 pathway blockade: clues from the tumor microenvironment Maria Libera Ascierto, Tracee L. McMiller, Alan E. Berger, Ludmila Danilova, Robert A. Anders, George J. Netto, Haiying Xu, Theresa S. Pritchard, Jinshui Fan, Chris Cheadle, Leslie Cope, Charles G. Drake, Drew M. Pardoll, Janis M. Taube and Suzanne L. Topalian K21 Combination immunotherapy with autologous stem cell transplantation, protein immunization, and PBMC reinfusion in myeloma patients Sacha Gnjatic, Sarah Nataraj, Naoko Imai, Adeeb Rahman, Achim A. Jungbluth, Linda Pan, Ralph Venhaus, Andrew Park, Frédéric F. Lehmann, Nikoletta Lendvai, Adam D. Cohen, and Hearn J. Cho K22 Anti-cancer immunity despite T cell “exhaustion” Speiser Daniel Immunotherapy in oncology (I-O): data from clinical trial K23 The Checkpoint Inhibitors for the Treatment of Metastatic Non-small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Vera Hirsh
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Palermo B, Franzese O, Di Donna C, Panetta M, Gualtieri N, Soriani A, Foddai ML, Santoni A, Nisticò P. ‘PD-1 related effector functions rely on the presence/absence of CD28 co-stimulatory molecule in Ag-specific CD8+ T cell clones isolated from melanoma patients’. The Journal of Immunology 2016. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.196.supp.213.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The relationship between PD-1 expression and T-cell effector functions is still unclear, although crucial in the new era of immunotherapy targeting the PD-1/PDL-1 pathway. We have recently reported that Melan-A-specific CD8+ T-cells isolated from melanoma patients treated with combined chemo-immunotherapy (dacarbazine before peptide Melan-A/gp100-vaccination), show an enlarged T-cell repertoire, CD28− PD-1+AKT+ phenotype with high anti-tumor polyfunctionality sustained by ICOS (Franzese et al, OncoImmunology, in press). Herein, we have analyzed the gp100-specific CD8+ T-cell clones isolated from the same patients. Cells have been characterized for gp-100 specificity, and TCR beta-chain sequencing analysis evidenced that they possess an oligoclonal repertoire. The relationship among inhibitory receptors (PD-1, TIM-3 and LAG-3), co-stimulatory molecules (CD27 and CD28) and effector functions of T cells has been studied. Taking advantage from a battery of Melan-A- and gp100-specific T-cell clones, here we show that gp100-CD8+ T cells with a CD28+ PD-1+AKT+ phenotype are unable to kill gp100-expressing melanoma cells, differently from data obtained with Melan-A-specific clones showing a CD28− PD-1+ AKT+ phenotype, and able to lyse tumor cells with high efficiency. Studies are in progress to identify the biochemical pathways involved in the control of functionality of PD-1-expressing CD8+ T cells.
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Franzese O, Palermo B, Di Donna C, Sperduti I, Ferraresi V, Stabile H, Gismondi A, Santoni A, Nisticò P. Polyfunctional Melan-A-specific tumor-reactive CD8(+) T cells elicited by dacarbazine treatment before peptide-vaccination depends on AKT activation sustained by ICOS. Oncoimmunology 2016; 5:e1114203. [PMID: 27467927 PMCID: PMC4910730 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2015.1114203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Revised: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of activation pathways linked to antitumor T-cell polyfunctionality in long surviving patients is of great relevance in the new era of immunotherapy. We have recently reported that dacarbazine (DTIC) injected one day before peptide-vaccination plus IFN-α improves the antitumor lytic activity and enlarges the repertoire of Melan-A-specific T-cell clones, as compared with vaccination alone, impacting the overall survival of melanoma patients. To identify the mechanisms responsible for this improvement of the immune response, we have analyzed the endogenous and treatment-induced antigen (Ag)-specific response in a panel of Melan-A-specific CD8+ T-cell clones in terms of differentiation phenotype, inhibitory receptor profile, polyfunctionality and AKT activation. Here, we show that Melan-A-specific CD8+ T cells isolated from patients treated with chemoimmunotherapy possess a late differentiated phenotype as defined by the absence of CD28 and CD27 co-stimulatory molecules and high levels of LAG-3, TIM-3 and PD-1 inhibitory receptors. Nevertheless, they show higher proliferative potential and an improved antitumor polyfunctional effector profile in terms of co-production of TNF-α, IFNγ and Granzyme-B (GrB) compared with cells derived from patients treated with vaccination alone. Polyfunctionality is dependent on an active AKT signaling related to the engagement of the co-stimulatory molecule ICOS. We suggest that this phenotypic and functional signature is dictated by a fine-tuned balance between TCR triggering, AKT activation, co-stimulatory and inhibitory signals induced by chemoimmunotherapy and may be associated with antitumor T cells able to protect patients from tumor recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ornella Franzese
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Tor Vergata , Rome, Italy
| | - Belinda Palermo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Rome "La Sapienza;" Rome, Italy; Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Cosmo Di Donna
- Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute , Rome, Italy
| | - Isabella Sperduti
- Biostatistics and Scientific Direction, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute , Rome, Italy
| | - Virginia Ferraresi
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Medical Oncology 1, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute , Rome, Italy
| | - Helena Stabile
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Rome "La Sapienza ;" Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Gismondi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Rome "La Sapienza ;" Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Santoni
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Rome "La Sapienza ;" Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Nisticò
- Department of Research, Advanced Diagnostics and Technological Innovation, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute , Rome, Italy
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Franzese O, Palermo B, Donna CD, Sperduti I, Panetta M, Foddai ML, Santoni A, Nisticò P. Abstract A003: Polyfunctional antitumor CD8 T cells obtained from a broad repertoire elicited by chemo-immunotherapy and preventing melanoma relapse depends on the activation of an AKT pathway sustained by ICOS. Cancer Immunol Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/2326-6074.cricimteatiaacr15-a003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The identification of activation pathways linked to anti-tumor T-cell polyfunctionality, associated with clinical benefit, is of great relevance in the new era of immunotherapy and combined chemo-immunotherapy. Recently we have reported that Melan-A-specific CD8 T cells isolated from long-term surviving patients treated with DTIC injected in a tight window before peptide-vaccination plus IFN-α; possess higher anti-tumor reactivity and an enlarged T-cell repertoire, compared to cells isolated after vaccination alone, suggesting that DTIC before peptide-vaccination may favor a protective anti-tumor specific immune response (1).
To identify the mechanisms enhancing the immune response induced by the combined therapy, we analyzed the endogenous and treatment-induced antigen specific CD8 T-cell response in a panel of Melan-A- and gp100-specific clones from five patients. To this purpose, we analyzed the maturation/differentiation phenotype of these clones (CCR7 and CD45RA), the co-stimulatory (CD27, CD28 and ICOS) and inhibitory (TIM-3, LAG-3 and PD-1) profile, in parallel with the polyfunctionality (IFN-γ; TNF-α; and Granzyme B) and the activation of AKT (pSer473-AKT).
AKT activation was correlated with the differentiation profile (in term of CD28 and/or CD27 expression) and was associated with poor polyfunctionality and low ICOS expression in Melan-A-specific T cells isolated from the endogenous response of both treatments and from the peptide-vaccination-driven response. Conversely, in three patients the combined treatment with DTIC before peptide vaccination elicited tumor-specific CD8+ T cells displaying the hallmarks of differentiated and highly activated effector T cells. These clones are highly efficient in tumor killing, possess polyfunctional activity, up-regulate inhibitory receptors (with PD-1 expressed at the highest level), retain proliferative capability and activate an AKT pathway not-related to the expression of CD27/CD28 molecules and partially dependent on ICOS engagement. Strikingly, T-cell polyfunctionality elicited by the combined therapy was strictly dependent on this AKT activation, as demonstrated by the blockade with selective inhibitors, which occurred only in Melan-A-specific CD8+ T cells and not in cells specific for gp100, suggesting that the nature of the peptide is crucial for the activation of this pathway.
We suggest that this phenotypic and functional T-cell signature related to a highly effective tumor-specific response is fine-tuned between TCR activation, co-stimulatory and inhibitory signals critical to preserve the self-tolerance during immunotherapy treatment. Of clinical relevance, these three patients treated with chemo-immunotherapy are clinically disease-free after 9 years of follow-up.
The study represents a critical contribution for the comprehension of the mechanisms underlying the advantages of combined chemo-immunotherapy and paves the way for the identification of new biomarkers of T-cell activation that may be employed as markers of immune responsiveness.
Reference:
1. Palermo B, Del Bello D, Sottini A, Serana F, Ghidini C, Gualtieri N, Ferraresi V, Catricalà C, Belardelli F, Proietti E, Natali PG, Imberti L, Nisticò P. Dacarbazine treatment before peptide vaccination enlarges T-cell repertoire diversity of melan-a-specific, tumor-reactive CTL in melanoma patients. Cancer Res. 2010 Sep 15;70(18):7084-92.
Citation Format: Ornella Franzese, Belinda Palermo, Cosmo Di Donna, Isabella Sperduti, Mariangela Panetta, Maria Laura Foddai, Angela Santoni, Paola Nisticò. Polyfunctional antitumor CD8 T cells obtained from a broad repertoire elicited by chemo-immunotherapy and preventing melanoma relapse depends on the activation of an AKT pathway sustained by ICOS. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the CRI-CIMT-EATI-AACR Inaugural International Cancer Immunotherapy Conference: Translating Science into Survival; September 16-19, 2015; New York, NY. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Immunol Res 2016;4(1 Suppl):Abstract nr A003.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Paola Nisticò
- 2Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy,
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Trono P, Di Modugno F, Circo R, Spada S, Melchionna R, Palermo B, Panetta M, Matteoni S, Soddu S, De Maria R, Nisticò P. Abstract 4316: hMENA11a contributes to HER3-mediated resistance to PI3K inhibitors in HER2 overexpressing breast cancer cells. Cancer Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2015-4316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Human Mena (hMENA), an actin regulatory protein of the ENA/VASP family, cooperates with ErbB receptor family signaling in breast cancer. It is overexpressed in high-risk preneoplastic lesions and in primary breast tumors where it correlates with HER2 overexpression and an activated status of AKT and MAPK. The concomitant overexpression of hMENA and HER2 identifies breast cancer patients with a worse prognosis. hMENA is expressed along with alternatively expressed isoforms, hMENA11a and hMENAΔv6 with opposite functions.
By Reverse Phase Protein Assay, we identified a novel role for the epithelial associated hMENA11a isoform in sustaining HER3 activation and pro-survival pathways in HER2 overexpressing breast luminal cancer cells. Since HER3 activation is crucial in mechanisms of cell resistance to PI3K inhibitors, we explored whether hMENA11a is involved in these resistance mechanisms. The specific hMENA11a depletion switched off the HER3-related pathway activated by PI3K inhibitors and impaired the nuclear accumulation of HER3 transcription factor FOXO3a induced by PI3K inhibitors. On the other hand, PI3K inhibitors activated hMENA11a phosphorylation and affected its localization. At the functional level, we found that hMENA11a sustains cell proliferation and survival in response to PI3K inhibitor treatment whereas hMENA11a silencing increases molecules involved in cancer cell apoptosis. As shown in three-dimensional cultured breast cancer cells hMENA11a contributes to cancer cells resistance to PI3K inhibition since the depletion of hMENA11a drastically reduced cell viability upon treatment with PI3K inhibitor BEZ235.
Altogether, these results indicate that hMENA11a in HER2 overexpressing breast cancer cells sustains HER3/AKT axis activation and contributes to HER3-mediated resistance mechanisms to PI3K inhibitors. Thus, hMENA11a expression can be proposed as a marker of HER3 activation and of resistance to PI3K inhibition therapies, to select patients who can benefit from these combined targeted treatments. hMENA11a activity may represent a new target for anti-proliferative therapies in breast cancer.
Citation Format: Paola Trono, Francesca Di Modugno, Rita Circo, Sheila Spada, Roberta Melchionna, Belinda Palermo, Mariangela Panetta, Silvia Matteoni, Silvia Soddu, Ruggero De Maria, Paola Nisticò. hMENA11a contributes to HER3-mediated resistance to PI3K inhibitors in HER2 overexpressing breast cancer cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 4316. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-4316
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Trono
- 1Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Rita Circo
- 2Department of Hematology, Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Sheila Spada
- 3Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Belinda Palermo
- 3Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Silvia Soddu
- 1Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Paola Nisticò
- 1Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
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21
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Trono P, Di Modugno F, Circo R, Spada S, Di Benedetto A, Melchionna R, Palermo B, Matteoni S, Soddu S, Mottolese M, De Maria R, Nisticò P. hMENA(11a) contributes to HER3-mediated resistance to PI3K inhibitors in HER2-overexpressing breast cancer cells. Oncogene 2015; 35:887-96. [PMID: 25961924 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Revised: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Human Mena (hMENA), an actin regulatory protein of the ENA/VASP family, cooperates with ErbB receptor family signaling in breast cancer. It is overexpressed in high-risk preneoplastic lesions and in primary breast tumors where it correlates with HER2 overexpression and an activated status of AKT and MAPK. The concomitant overexpression of hMENA and HER2 in breast cancer patients is indicative of a worse prognosis. hMENA is expressed along with alternatively expressed isoforms, hMENA(11a) and hMENAΔv6 with opposite functions. A novel role for the epithelial-associated hMENA(11a) isoform in sustaining HER3 activation and pro-survival pathways in HER2-overexpressing breast cancer cells has been identified by reverse phase protein array and validated in vivo in a series of breast cancer tissues. As HER3 activation is crucial in mechanisms of cell resistance to PI3K inhibitors, we explored whether hMENA(11a) is involved in these resistance mechanisms. The specific hMENA(11a) depletion switched off the HER3-related pathway activated by PI3K inhibitors and impaired the nuclear accumulation of HER3 transcription factor FOXO3a induced by PI3K inhibitors, whereas PI3K inhibitors activated hMENA(11a) phosphorylation and affected its localization. At the functional level, we found that hMENA(11a) sustains cell proliferation and survival in response to PI3K inhibitor treatment, whereas hMENA(11a) silencing increases molecules involved in cancer cell apoptosis. As shown in three-dimensional cultures, hMENA(11a) contributes to resistance to PI3K inhibition because its depletion drastically reduced cell viability upon treatment with PI3K inhibitor BEZ235. Altogether, these results indicate that hMENA(11a) in HER2-overexpressing breast cancer cells sustains HER3/AKT axis activation and contributes to HER3-mediated resistance mechanisms to PI3K inhibitors. Thus, hMENA(11a) expression can be proposed as a marker of HER3 activation and resistance to PI3K inhibition therapies, to select patients who may benefit from these combined targeted treatments. hMENA(11a) activity could represent a new target for antiproliferative therapies in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Trono
- Laboratory of Immunology, Experimental Oncology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - F Di Modugno
- Laboratory of Immunology, Experimental Oncology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - R Circo
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - S Spada
- Laboratory of Immunology, Experimental Oncology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - A Di Benedetto
- Department of Pathology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - R Melchionna
- Laboratory of Immunology, Experimental Oncology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - B Palermo
- Laboratory of Immunology, Experimental Oncology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - S Matteoni
- Experimental Oncology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - S Soddu
- Experimental Oncology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - M Mottolese
- Department of Pathology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - R De Maria
- Scientific Direction, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - P Nisticò
- Laboratory of Immunology, Experimental Oncology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
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22
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Visca P, Spada S, Di Modugno F, Bria E, Sperduti I, Antoniani B, Alessandrini G, Palermo B, Ludovini V, Crinò L, Facciolo F, Milella M, Mottolese M, Nisticò P. hMENA splicing program impacts the clinical outcome of early stage lung cancer patients. How and why? Lab Invest 2014. [PMCID: PMC4108875 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-12-s1-p12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Palermo B, Donna CD, Franzese O, Bello DD, Gualtieri N, Imberti L, Nuzzo C, Proietti E, Catricalà C, Ferraresi V, Nisticò P. Abstract 4406: Clinical efficacious combined chemo/immunotherapy differently activates AKT pathway and functionality of gp100 and Melan-A specific T cell clones. Cancer Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2012-4406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A phase II randomized clinical study is ongoing in our Institution to prove the clinical efficacy of dacarbazine (DTIC) one day before peptide-vaccination (Melan-A and NY-ESO-1) in the prevention of melanoma relapse in clinically disease-free HLA-A2 patients. In a previous pilot study, this combination therapy (using Melan-A and gp100 peptides) increased the number of tumor-reactive long-lasting effector-memory CD8+ lymphocytes. To identify the mechanisms enhancing the immune response, induced by DTIC combined with peptide-vaccination, we analyzed the endogenous and treatment-induced antigen specific CD8 T-cell response at the clonal level. We analyzed the sequence of the TCR α-chain of these clones and the molecular results were correlated with the expression of CD27/CD28 co-stimulatory molecule, AKT activation and anti-tumor lytic activity. The combination of chemo/immunotherapy elicited in Melan-A-specific, but not in gp100 clones, a renewal of high-avidity/tumor-reactive T-cell clones, with a broadening TCR diversity in long-surviving patients, suggesting that the selection of immune-resistant tumor variants may be circumvented by this combination, and thus prevent tumor recurrence in melanoma. In gp100 clones, AKT activation (pSer473-AKT) canonically correlates with CD28 and/or CD27 expression, independent of the treatment while in Melan-A clones, lacking CD27 and CD28 expression, non-canonical AKT activation was only observed after the combination therapy. The identification of the extracellular stimuli and signaling pathway responsible for DTIC-mediated activation of the AKT signaling are currently under investigation.
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4406. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4406
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Carmen Nuzzo
- 1Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
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Palermo B, Del Bello D, Franzese O, Di Donna C, Gualtieri N, Nuzzo C, Proietti E, Catricalà C, Ferraresi V, Nistico P. Combination of DTIC and peptide-vaccination elicit a renewal of high-avidity late-differentiated T-cell clones in melanoma patients (156.6). The Journal of Immunology 2011. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.186.supp.156.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Combination of chemo/immunotherapy to increase the effectiveness of the antitumor immune responses associated with a clinical efficacy is an attractive antitumor strategy. We have recently reported that the administration of dacarbazine (DTIC) one day before peptide (Melan-A and gp100)-vaccination in disease-free melanoma patients increases the number of peptide-specific effector-memory CD8+ lymphocytes. Notably, patients treated with DTIC before vaccination, showing a longer survival, display a progressive enhancement of TCR repertoire diversity of Melan-A+ CD8+ clones, accompanied by the maintenance of high-avidity, whereas patients treated with vaccine alone showed a reduction of TCR repertoire diversity and a decline of their tumor lytic activity. To study the phenotype and the functional lytic activity of CD8+ T-cell clones in association with their renewal rate we have analyzed the expression of CD28 and CD27 co-stimulatory molecules, in both Melan-A- and gp100-specific T-cell clones, isolated before and at different times after the treatments. We found newly recruited clones with high-lytic activity and highly-differentiated phenotype only after the combined therapy. Studies are in progress to define the role of replicative senescence in the continuous renewal induced by the combined therapy, by studying activity and regulation of telomerase in endogenous-induced or vaccine-driven clones, in correlation with their different phenotype and anti-tumor lytic capability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Carmen Nuzzo
- 1Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Paola Nistico
- 1Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
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Palermo B, Del Bello D, Sottini A, Serana F, Ghidini C, Gualtieri N, Ferraresi V, Catricalà C, Belardelli F, Proietti E, Natali PG, Imberti L, Nisticò P. Dacarbazine Treatment before Peptide Vaccination Enlarges T-Cell Repertoire Diversity of Melan-A–Specific, Tumor-Reactive CTL in Melanoma Patients. Cancer Res 2010; 70:7084-92. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-10-1326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Nistico P, Palermo B, Del Bello D, Gualtieri N, Ferraresi V, Belardelli F, Proietti E, Natali PG, Sottini A, Ghidini C, Serana F, Imberti L. Diversification of TCR repertoire in melanoma patients treated with chemotherapy before peptides-vaccination (41.19). The Journal of Immunology 2009. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.182.supp.41.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Combining chemotherapy and immunotherapy is an attractive antitumor strategy. Recently we have reported that the administration of dacarbazine (DTIC) one day before peptide-vaccination in disease-free melanoma patients induced an increase of peptide-specific effector-memory CD8+ lymphocytes. To investigate the functional differences between anti-Melan-A CD8+ T cell response elicited by vaccination alone (Arm 1) or by chemotherapy plus vaccination (Arm 2), we generated T cell clones from 5 patients of both Arms, before and after the treatments. A significant enhancement of tumor lytic activity of Melan-A+ clones generated by patients of Arm 2 after the treatment was observed, whereas no significant differences of tumor recognition efficiency were evident among the two arms before treatment. Ninety-six sequences were obtained and 47 clonotypes with different CDR3 regions were observed. A progressive enhancement of TCR repertoire diversity was found only in patients treated with DTIC before vaccination, whereas patients treated with vaccine alone showed a reduction of TCR repertoire diversity accompanied by a reduction of tumor lytic activity in one patient. These results suggest that a diverse Melan-A-specific T cell repertoire occurs in melanoma patients treated with DTIC plus vaccination, which may offer a new clinically advantageous anti-tumor strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Filippo Belardelli
- 3Cell Biology and Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Proietti
- 3Cell Biology and Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Claudia Ghidini
- 4Diagnostic Department, Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Federico Serana
- 4Diagnostic Department, Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Luisa Imberti
- 4Diagnostic Department, Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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Serana F, Sottini A, Caimi L, Palermo B, Natali PG, Nisticò P, Imberti L. Identification of a public CDR3 motif and a biased utilization of T-cell receptor V beta and J beta chains in HLA-A2/Melan-A-specific T-cell clonotypes of melanoma patients. J Transl Med 2009; 7:21. [PMID: 19317896 PMCID: PMC2667493 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-7-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2009] [Accepted: 03/24/2009] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Assessment of T-cell diversity, besides giving insights about the molecular basis of tumor antigen recognition, has clinical implications since it provides criteria for evaluating antigen-specific T cells clinically relevant for spontaneous and vaccine-induced anti-tumor activity. Melan-A is one of the melanoma antigens most frequently recognized by peripheral and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in HLA-A2+ melanoma patients. Many clinical trials involving anti-tumor vaccination have been conducted using modified versions of this peptide. Methods We conducted an in-depth characterization of 210 T-cell receptor beta chain (TRB) clonotypes derived from T cells of HLA-A2+ melanoma patients displaying cytotoxic activity against natural and A27L-modified Melan-A peptides. One hundred and thirteen Melan-A-specific clonotypes from melanoma-free subjects, 199 clonotypes from T-cell clones from melanoma patients specific for melanoma antigens other than Melan-A, and 305 clonotypes derived from T cells of HLA-A2+ individuals showing unrelated specificities, were used as control. After sequence analysis, performed according to the IMGT definitions, TRBV and TRBJ usage, CDR3 length and amino acid composition were compared in the four groups of clonotypes. Results TRB sequences of Melan-A-specific clonotypes obtained from melanoma patients were highly heterogeneous, but displayed a preferential usage of few TRBV and TRBJ segments. Furthermore, they included a recurrent "public" amino acid motif (Glycine-Leucine-Glycine at positions 110-112-113 of the CDR3) rearranged with dominant TRBV and TRBJ segments and, in one case, associated with a full conservation of the entire TRB sequence. Conclusion Contrary to what observed for public anti-Melan-A T-cell receptor alpha motifs, which had been identified in several clonotypes of both melanoma patients and healthy controls, the unexpectedly high contribution of a public TRB motif in the recognition of a dominant melanoma epitope in melanoma patients may provide important information about the biology of anti-tumor T-cell responses and improve monitoring strategies of anti-tumor vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Serana
- Diagnostics Department, Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
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28
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Nisticò P, Capone I, Palermo B, Del Bello D, Ferraresi V, Moschella F, Aricò E, Valentini M, Bracci L, Cognetti F, Ciccarese M, Vercillo G, Roselli M, Fossile E, Tosti ME, Wang E, Marincola F, Imberti L, Catricalà C, Natali PG, Belardelli F, Proietti E. Chemotherapy enhances vaccine-induced antitumor immunity in melanoma patients. Int J Cancer 2009; 124:130-9. [PMID: 18839429 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.23886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Combination of chemotherapy with cancer vaccines is currently regarded as a potentially valuable therapeutic approach for the treatment of some metastatic tumors, but optimal modalities remain unknown. We designed a phase I/II pilot study for evaluating the effects of dacarbazine (DTIC) on the immune response in HLA-A2(+) disease-free melanoma patients who received anticancer vaccination 1 day following chemotherapy (800 mg/mq i.v.). The vaccine, consisting of a combination of HLA-A2 restricted melanoma antigen A (Melan-A/MART-1) and gp100 analog peptides (250 microg each, i.d.), was administered in combination or not with DTIC to 2 patient groups. The combined treatment is nontoxic. The comparative immune monitoring demonstrates that patients receiving DTIC 1 day before the vaccination have a significantly improved long-lasting memory CD8(+) T cell response. Of relevance, these CD8(+) T cells recognize and lyse HLA-A2(+)/Melan-A(+) tumor cell lines. Global transcriptional analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) revealed a DTIC-induced activation of genes involved in cytokine production, leukocyte activation, immune response and cell motility that can favorably condition tumor antigen-specific CD8(+) T cell responses. This study represents a proof in humans of a chemotherapy-induced enhancement of CD8(+) memory T cell response to cancer vaccines, which opens new opportunities to design novel effective combined therapies improving cancer vaccination effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Nisticò
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Regina Elena Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.
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29
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Palermo B, Garbelli S, Mantovani S, Scoccia E, Da Prada GA, Bernabei P, Avanzini MA, Brazzelli V, Borroni G, Giachino C. Qualitative difference between the cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses to melanocyte antigens in melanoma and vitiligo. Eur J Immunol 2005; 35:3153-62. [PMID: 16224813 DOI: 10.1002/eji.200535110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Vitiligo is a skin disorder characterized by depigmented macules secondary to melanocyte loss. An unusual facet is its relation to melanoma: cytotoxic T lymphocytes directed to melanocyte antigens are found in both conditions and imply a breakdown of tolerance, yet the resulting immune reaction is the opposite. The mechanisms at the basis of these opposite effects are not known. Here, we performed a direct comparison of whole melanocyte-specific T cell populations in the two diseases. We demonstrate that neither precursor frequencies of Melan-A/MART-1-specific T lymphocytes nor their status of activation differ significantly. However, by using a tetramer-based T cell receptor down-regulation assay, we documented a higher affinity of vitiligo T cells. We calculated that the peptide concentration required for 50% of maximal receptor down-regulation differed by 6.5-fold between the two diseases. Moreover, only vitiligo T cells were capable of efficient receptor down-regulation and IFN-gamma production in response to HLA-matched melanoma cells, suggesting that this difference in receptor affinity is physiologically relevant. The differences in receptor affinity and tumor reactivity were confirmed by analyzing Melan-A/MART-1-specific clones established from the two diseases. Our results suggest that the quality, and not the quantity, of the melanocyte-specific cytotoxic responses differs between the two pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belinda Palermo
- Experimental Immunology Laboratory, IRCCS Maugeri Foundation, Pavia, Italy
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30
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Palermo B, Garbelli S, Mantovani S, Giachino C. Transfer of efficient anti-melanocyte T cells from vitiligo donors to melanoma patients as a novel immunotherapeutical strategy. J Autoimmune Dis 2005; 2:7. [PMID: 16135249 PMCID: PMC1215509 DOI: 10.1186/1740-2557-2-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2005] [Accepted: 08/31/2005] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitiligo is a relatively common progressive depigmentary condition that is believed to be due to the autoimmune-mediated loss of epidermal melanocytes. High frequencies of self-reactive T lymphocytes directed toward melanocyte differentiation antigens are found in vitiligo patients and might be directly responsible for the pathogenesis of the disease. An interesting aspect of vitiligo is its relation to melanoma: cytotoxic T lymphocytes directed to self antigens shared by normal melanocytes and melanoma cells are found in both conditions, but the resulting immune reactions are completely different. From this standpoint, the selective destruction of pigment cells that occurs in cases of vitiligo is the therapeutic goal sought in melanoma research. PRESENTATION OF THE HYPOTHESIS Our working hypothesis is that vitiligo patients might represent a unique source of therapeutic cells to be used in allo-transfer for HLA-matched melanoma patients. The adoptive transfer of ex-vivo generated autologous tumor-specific T cells is a therapy that has met with only limited success, essentially because of inability to isolate therapeutically valuable T cells from the majority of tumor patients. Ideally, model systems where strong and efficient responses against the same (tumor) antigens are achieved would represent a better source of therapeutic cells. We believe it is possible to identify one such model in the melanoma-vitiligo dichotomy: T lymphocytes specific for different melanocyte differentiation antigens are found in vitiligo and represent the effective anti-melanocyte reactivity that is often ineffective in melanoma. TESTING THE HYPOTHESIS Melanocyte-specific T cell clones can be isolated from the peripheral blood of vitiligo patients and tested for their capacity to efficiently expand in vitro without loosing their cytotoxic activity and to migrate to the skin. Cytotoxicity against melanoma patients' non-tumor cells can also be tested. In addition, it would be interesting to attempt an in vivo animal model. If the results obtained from these validation steps will be satisfactory, it might be possible to plan the clinical grade preparation of relevant clones for transfer. IMPLICATIONS OF THE HYPOTHESIS When translated into a clinical trial, the possibility of in vitro selecting few effective tumor-specific T cell clones for infusion, inherent with this approach, could enhance the therapeutic graft-versus-tumor effect while possibly decreasing the risk of graft-versus-host disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belinda Palermo
- Experimental Immunology Laboratory, IRCCS Maugeri Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Silvia Garbelli
- Experimental Immunology Laboratory, IRCCS Maugeri Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Stefania Mantovani
- Experimental Immunology Laboratory, IRCCS Maugeri Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Claudia Giachino
- Experimental Immunology Laboratory, IRCCS Maugeri Foundation, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Garbelli S, Mantovani S, Palermo B, Giachino C. Melanocyte-specific, cytotoxic T cell responses in vitiligo: the effective variant of melanoma immunity? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 18:234-42. [PMID: 16029417 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0749.2005.00244.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Vitiligo is a relatively common progressive depigmentary condition that is believed to be due to the autoimmune-mediated loss of epidermal melanocytes. An interesting aspect of vitiligo is its relation to melanoma: cytotoxic T lymphocytes directed to self-antigens shared by normal melanocytes and melanoma cells are found in both conditions and might prove important in melanocyte destruction, yet the resulting immune reactions are completely different. From this standpoint, the selective destruction of pigment cells that occurs in cases of vitiligo is the therapeutic goal sought in melanoma research. In the present article, we will address these issues by reviewing current literature on the subject as well as by posing some speculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Garbelli
- Experimental Immunology Laboratory, IRCCS Maugeri Foundation, Pavia, Italy
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Hou L, Li X, Dunbar L, Moeller R, Palermo B, Atwill ER. Neonatal-mouse infectivity of intact Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts isolated after optimized in vitro excystation. Appl Environ Microbiol 2004; 70:642-6. [PMID: 14711704 PMCID: PMC321312 DOI: 10.1128/aem.70.1.642-646.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We reexamined the finding of Neumann et al. that intact Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts obtained after in vitro excystation were infectious for neonatal CD-1 mice. We used both established excystation protocols and our own protocol that maximized excystation. Although intact oocysts isolated after any of three protocols were infectious for neonatal CD-1 mice, the infectivity of intact oocysts isolated with our optimized excystation protocol was significantly lower than the infectivity of intact oocysts isolated after established protocols or from fresh oocysts. Excystation should not be considered a valid measure of C. parvum viability, given that it is biologically implausible for oocysts to be nonviable and yet infectious.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Hou
- Veterinary Medicine Teaching and Research Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Tulare, California 93274, USA
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33
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Mantovani S, Garbelli S, Palermo B, Campanelli R, Brazzelli V, Borroni G, Martinetti M, Benvenuto F, Merlini G, della Cuna GR, Rivoltini L, Giachino C. Molecular and functional bases of self-antigen recognition in long-term persistent melanocyte-specific CD8+ T cells in one vitiligo patient. J Invest Dermatol 2003; 121:308-14. [PMID: 12880423 DOI: 10.1046/j.1523-1747.2003.12368.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Vitiligo patients possess high frequencies of circulating CD8+ T lymphocytes specific for the melanocyte differentiation antigen Melan-A/MART-1. These self-specific T cells exhibit intact functional properties and their T cell receptors are selected for a narrow range of high affinities of antigen recognition, suggesting their important role in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. In order to understand the molecular base for this unexpected, optimal T cell receptor recognition of a self-antigen, a tetramer-guided ex vivo analysis of the T cell receptor repertoire specific for the Melan-A antigen in a patient affected by vitiligo is reported. All T cell receptors sequenced corresponded to different clonotypes, excluding extensive clonal expansions and revealing a large repertoire of circulating Melan-A-specific T lymphocytes. A certain degree of T cell receptor structural conservation was noticed, however, as a single AV segment contributed to the alpha chain rearrangement in 100% of clones and a conserved amino acid sequence was found in the beta chain complementarity determining region 3 of various high affinity cells. We suggest that the conserved alpha chain confers self-antigen recognition, necessary for intrathymic selection and peripheral homeostasis, to many synonymous T cell receptors, whereas the beta chain fine tunes the T cell receptor affinity of the specific cells. In addition, we demonstrate that many high avidity T cell clones from this patient were capable of specifically lysing normal, HLA-matched melanocytes. These autoreactive clones persisted for more than 3 y in the patient's peripheral blood. These data, together with the skin-homing potential of the clones, directly point to the in vivo pathogenic role of melanocyte-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in vitiligo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Mantovani
- Experimental Immunology Laboratory, IRCCS Maugeri Foundation, Pavia, Italy
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Mantovani S, Palermo B, Garbelli S, Campanelli R, Robustelli Della Cuna G, Gennari R, Benvenuto F, Lantelme E, Giachino C. Dominant TCR-alpha requirements for a self antigen recognition in humans. J Immunol 2002; 169:6253-60. [PMID: 12444131 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.169.11.6253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
TCR-alpha and -beta chains are composed of somatically rearranged V, D, and J germline-encoded gene segments that confer Ag specificity. Recent crystallographic analyses revealed that TCR-alpha has more contacts with peptide than TCR-beta, suggesting the possibility that peptide recognition predominantly relies on TCR-alpha. T cells specific for the self Ag Melan-A/MART-1 possess an exceptionally high precursor frequency in human histocompatibility leukocyte Ag-A2 individuals. This provided a unique situation for assessment of the structural relationship between TCR and peptide/MHC ligand at both the pre- and postimmune levels. Molecular and phenotypic analysis of many different Melan-A-specific T cell populations revealed that a structural constraint is imposed on the TCR for engagement with Melan-A peptides presented by HLA-A2, namely the highly preferential use of a particular TCRAV segment, AV2. Examination of CD8 single-positive thymocytes indicated that this preferential use in forming the Melan-A-specific TCR is mainly imposed by intrathymic positive selection. Our data demonstrate a dominant function of TCRAV2 segment in forming the TCR repertoire specific for the human self Ag Melan-A/MART-1 and support the view that Ag recognition is mediated predominantly by TCR-alpha.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Mantovani
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Salvatore Maugeri Foundation, Pavia, Italy
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35
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Palermo B, Campanelli R, Garbelli S, Mantovani S, Robustelli Della Cuna G, Necker A, Manganoni AM, Carella G, Rivoltini L, Lantelme E, Giachino C. Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses in melanoma through in vitro stimulation with the Melan-A peptide analogue A27L: a qualitative analysis. Melanoma Res 2002; 12:491-8. [PMID: 12394191 DOI: 10.1097/00008390-200209000-00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Modifications in tumour antigen-derived epitopes that stabilize the major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-peptide complex result in enhanced stimulatory capacity and improved immunogenicity of the altered peptide. These epitope analogues are attractive candidates for the development of peptide-based vaccine trials. Any modification, however, in tumour antigens may induce T-cell responses that could either fail to react against the naturally occurring peptides or represent only a subset of the total antigen-specific repertoire. In the present study, we performed a critical analysis of the ability of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) clones, derived from two melanoma patients through stimulation with the A27L peptide analogue, to cross-react with the naturally processed Melan-A/MART-1 (Melan-A) peptides in terms of T-cell receptor (TCR) affinity, functional avidity and fine antigen specificity. We found that all the A27L-specific clones analysed possessed a very low avidity for the natural Melan-A peptides, and that their binding affinity for human leukocyte antigen (HLA) tetramers complexed with both the modified and the natural Melan-A peptides did not strictly correlate with their functional avidity. We also observed that these clones were able to cross-recognize both natural Melan-A peptides in one patient, but only one peptide in the second patient. We discuss the capability of the A27L peptide analogue to stimulate all the available Melan-A-specific repertoire.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Palermo
- Experimental Immunology, IRCCS Maugeri Foundation, Pavia, Italy
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36
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Campanelli R, Palermo B, Garbelli S, Mantovani S, Lucchi P, Necker A, Lantelme E, Giachino C. Human CD8 co-receptor is strictly involved in MHC-peptide tetramer-TCR binding and T cell activation. Int Immunol 2002; 14:39-44. [PMID: 11751750 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/14.1.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although there has been extensive analysis on the capacity of MHC-peptide tetramers to bind antigen-specific TCR, there have been comparatively few studies regarding the role of the CD4 and CD8 co-receptors in binding and activation by these multimeric molecules. Here, we start from the observation that different antibodies against human CD8 exert opposite effects on MHC-peptide tetramer binding to the TCR: tetramer staining was enhanced by OKT8 antibody, while it was blocked with SK1 antibody. We used these different anti-CD8 antibodies to modulate CD8 function during tetramer staining of Melan-A/MART1-specific CTL clones. We show that CD8 action could be variably modulated during all the phases of interaction, indicating that CD8 participates in both the initial association of the TCR with MHC-peptide tetramers and the stability of this interaction. While the blocking effect of anti-CD8 antibodies was mostly exerted during the initial binding of the TCR with MHC-peptide tetramers, the enhancing effect was exerted by augmenting the duration of this interaction. Blocking anti-CD8 antibodies were also capable of preventing tetramer-mediated T cell activation. The possibility of variably affecting MHC-peptide tetramer binding and T cell activation using anti-CD8 antibodies confirms the critical role exerted by the CD8 co-receptor in this interaction and supports the notion that TCR engagement by MHC-peptide ligands typically involves CD8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Campanelli
- IRCCS S. Maugeri Foundation, Via Ferrata 8, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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37
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Palermo B, Campanelli R, Garbelli S, Mantovani S, Lantelme E, Brazzelli V, Ardigó M, Borroni G, Martinetti M, Badulli C, Necker A, Giachino C. Specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses against Melan-A/MART1, tyrosinase and gp100 in vitiligo by the use of major histocompatibility complex/peptide tetramers: the role of cellular immunity in the etiopathogenesis of vitiligo. J Invest Dermatol 2001; 117:326-32. [PMID: 11511311 DOI: 10.1046/j.1523-1747.2001.01408.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Vitiligo is a common skin disease characterized by the presence of well circumscribed, depigmented, milky white macules devoid of identifiable melanocytes. Although the detection of circulating anti-melanocytic antibodies and of infiltrating lymphocytes at the margin of lesions supports the view that vitiligo is an autoimmune disorder, its etiology remains unknown. In particular, it is still a matter of debate whether the primary pathogenic role is exerted by humoral or cellular abnormal immune responses. In this study, the presence of specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses against the melanocyte differentiation antigens Melan-A/MART1, tyrosinase, and gp100 in vitiligo patients have been investigated by the use of major histocompatibility complex/peptide tetramers. High frequencies of circulating melanocyte-specific CD8+ T cells were found in all vitiligo patients analyzed. These cells exerted anti-melanocytic cytotoxic activity in vitro and expressed skin-homing capacity. In one patient melanocyte-specific cells were characterized by an exceptionally high avidity for their peptide/major histocompatibility complex ligand. These findings strongly suggest a role for cellular immunity in the pathogenesis of vitiligo and impact on the common mechanisms of self tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Palermo
- Experimental Immunology, IRCCS Maugeri Foundation, Pavia, Italy
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38
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Palermo B, Campanelli R, Mantovani S, Lantelme E, Manganoni AM, Carella G, Da Prada G, della Cuna GR, Romagne F, Gauthier L, Necker A, Giachino C. Diverse expansion potential and heterogeneous avidity in tumor-associated antigen-specific T lymphocytes from primary melanoma patients. Eur J Immunol 2001; 31:412-20. [PMID: 11180105 DOI: 10.1002/1521-4141(200102)31:2<412::aid-immu412>3.0.co;2-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
While tumor-associated antigen (TAA)-specific CD8(+) T lymphocytes have been detected in metastatic melanoma patients, immune response in early disease phases has not yet been carefully evaluated. We looked for circulating cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) directed against Melan-A / MART1, tyrosinase, gp100 and MAGE-3 antigens in patients with a diagnosis of primary cutaneous melanoma by using fluorescent HLA-A2 tetramers. In five out of six cases high numbers of CD8(+)/tetramer(+) cells could be detected by flow cytometry, and in four patients lymphocyte populations specific for two different melanoma antigens (Melan-A/MART1 and tyrosinase) were contemporaneously present. The TAA-specific cells could represent as much as 1/220 T lymphocytes in the circulating CD8(+) population. When tetramers were used to monitor the in vitro expansion of TAA-specific CTL precursors upon antigen-specific stimulation, a diverse expansion potential was evidenced in CTL from the different donors and, more strikingly, in CTL specific for the different TAA. Melan-A/MART1-specific CTL clones derived from two patients exhibited a broad range of avidity. Only the highest avidity clones, representing about 50 % of the cases analyzed, were tumor specific. By correlating tetramer staining with clone avidity, we found that tetramer fluorescence intensity could represent a good indicator of TCR affinity, but not of overall clone avidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Palermo
- Experimental Immunology IRCCS Maugeri Foundation, Pavia, Italy
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39
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Lantelme E, Mantovani S, Palermo B, Campanelli R, Sallusto F, Giachino C. Kinetics of GATA-3 gene expression in early polarizing and committed human T cells. Immunology 2001; 102:123-30. [PMID: 11260316 PMCID: PMC1783167 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2567.2001.01168.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Different transcription factors have been shown to control the transition of naive T cells into T helper 1 (Th1)/Th2 subsets. The T-cell-specific transcription factor GATA-3 is known to be selectively expressed in murine developing Th2 cells and to exert a positive action on Th2-specific cytokine production. Investigating GATA-3 gene regulation in human T cells we have found that naive T cells highly express GATA-3, and during early T2 or T1 polarization, respectively, they either maintain or quickly down-regulate expression. In developing T2 cells, as well as in committed Th2 cell lines and clones, we found a positive correlation among GATA-3, interleukin (IL)-5 and IL-4 gene expression kinetics, supporting the positive action of GATA-3 on Th2-specific cytokine production. A possible relationship between GATA-3 gene expression and the down-regulation of the IL-12 receptor (beta2-chain; IL-12Rbeta2) gene was evident only in the early phases of T2 polarization (within 24 hr), and not demonstrated at later times. During T-cell commitment the presence of IL-4 in the culture was essential to maintain or enhance GATA-3 transcription, while IL-12 was not necessary for full repression of GATA-3. Finally, we showed selective GATA-3 up-regulation in human Th2 cell lines and clones and the maintainance of a low basal level of GATA-3 expression in Th1 cells upon activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Lantelme
- IRCCS Salvatore Maugeri Foundation, Pavia, Italy
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Lantelme E, Mantovani S, Palermo B, Campanelli R, Granziero L, Monafo V, Giachino C. Increased frequency of RAG-expressing, CD4(+)CD3(low) peripheral T lymphocytes in patients with defective responses to DNA damage. Eur J Immunol 2000; 30:1520-5. [PMID: 10820401 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1521-4141(200005)30:5<1520::aid-immu1520>3.0.co;2-d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that peripheral lymphocyte variants with altered antigen receptor expression may be capable of expressing recombination-activating genes (RAG). We and others recently observed functional RAG gene products in mature T cells with defective TCR expression (MacMahan and Fink, Immunity 1998. 9: 637 - 647; Lantelme et al., J. Immunol., 2000. 164: 3455 - 3459). Here, the association between TCR expression and RAG activity was assessed further in lymphocytes from patients with defective responses to DNA damage. We show that T cells with altered TCR surface expression are present in increased numbers in these patients and that they express RAG genes. The finding of RAG gene expression by TCR variants suggests the possibility that secondary V(D)J rearrangements could be induced in these cells to rescue their defective phenotype and cellular function. Moreover, as V(D)J recombination has been implicated in chromosome translocations involving antigen receptor genes, we discuss a possible relationship between altered TCR expression, RAG activity and the frequent lymphoma-specific translocations observed in these patients.
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Lantelme E, Palermo B, Granziero L, Mantovani S, Campanelli R, Monafo V, Lanzavecchia A, Giachino C. Cutting edge: recombinase-activating gene expression and V(D)J recombination in CD4+CD3low mature T lymphocytes. J Immunol 2000; 164:3455-9. [PMID: 10725695 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.164.7.3455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The recombinase-activating genes, RAG-1 and RAG-2, can be expressed by a subset of B cells within germinal centers, where they mediate secondary V(D)J rearrangements. This receptor revision mechanism could serve either receptor diversification or tolerance-induced functions. Alternatively, it might rescue those cells the receptors of which have been damaged by somatic mutation. Less is known about the occurrence of similar mechanisms in T cells. Here we show that mature T cells with defective TCR surface expression can express RAG genes and are capable of initiating secondary V(D)J rearrangements. The possibility that a cell rescue mechanism based on the generation of a novel Ag receptor might be active in peripheral T cells is envisaged.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Lantelme
- S. Maugeri Foundation, Instituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carottere Scientifico (IRCCS) Pavia, Italy
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Rivella S, Palermo B, Pelizon C, Sala C, Arrigo G, Toniolo D. Selection and mapping of replication origins from a 500-kb region of the human X chromosome and their relationship to gene expression. Genomics 1999; 62:11-20. [PMID: 10585763 DOI: 10.1006/geno.1999.5985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In higher eukaryotes the mechanism controlling initiation of DNA replication remains largely unknown. New technologies are needed to shed light on how DNA replication initiates along the genome in specific regions. To identify the human DNA sequence requirements for initiation of replication, we developed a new method that allows selection of replication origins starting from large genomic regions of human DNA. We repeatedly isolated 15 new putative replication origins (PROs) from a human DNA region of 500 kb in which 17 genes have previously been characterized. Fine-mapping of these PROs showed that DNA replication can initiate at many specific points along actively transcribed DNA in the cell lines used for our selection. In conclusion, in this paper we describe a new method to identify PROs that suggests that the availability of initiation sites is dependent on the transcriptional state of the DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Rivella
- Institute of Genetics, Biochemistry and Evolution, CNR, Pavia, Italy.
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43
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Menza MA, Palermo B, DiPaola R, Sage JI, Ricketts MH. Depression and anxiety in Parkinson's disease: possible effect of genetic variation in the serotonin transporter. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 1999; 12:49-52. [PMID: 10483924 DOI: 10.1177/089198879901200202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Recently, a functional polymorphism in the promoter region of the serotonin transporter gene has been linked to anxiety. In cell culture, the short allele of this polymorphism synthesizes less serotonin transporter, resulting in a reduction of the removal of serotonin from the synaptic cleft. This pilot study examines depression and anxiety in Parkinson's disease patients as a function of the variation in this polymorphism. Thirty-two patients were genotyped and then blindly administered the Hamilton Depression and Anxiety Scales. Clinical data on the neurologic features of the disease were also gathered. Patients with the short allele of the serotonin transporter promotor scored significantly higher on both the depression and anxiety measures. There were no differences between groups for any neurologic variable. Patients with the short allele were more likely to have scores for anxiety and depression that indicated "caseness." This study suggests that the short allele of the serotonin transporter gene may represent a significant risk factor for the development of anxiety and depression in Parkinson's disease patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Menza
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway 08854, USA
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Menza MM, Palermo B, Mark M. Quetiapine as an alternative to clozapine in the treatment of dopamimetic psychosis in patients with Parkinson's disease. Ann Clin Psychiatry 1999; 11:141-4. [PMID: 10482124 DOI: 10.1023/a:1022360027358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
There are many difficulties associated with the late stages of Parkinson's disease (PD), but psychosis and agitation may be the most disturbing for both patients and care givers, and often precipitate the pivotal decision for long-term nursing home placement. While the addition of antipsychotic drugs or the withdrawal of antiparkinsonian drugs may improve the behavioral problem, these strategies usually worsen the motor difficulties. Clozapine has been studied in PD for over a decade, and while it appears to be effective, there are safety and tolerability concerns associated with it. In addition, in New Jersey, Medicaid no longer pays for the home blood draws that are required for home-bound patients. This led to a situation in which we had patients who needed to stop clozapine and begin an alternative therapy. Because quetiapine seems particularly well suited to patients with PD based on in vitro and in vivo studies we have begun to try this medication in PD patients who need to stop clozapine. This article reports three case histories of patients with PD, confusion and dopamimetic psychosis who had been previously managed with clozapine and who were successfully switched to quetiapine. At doses from 12.5 to 150 mg/day quetiapine was well tolerated, resulting in behavioral improvement and no real increase in parkinsonism. These case histories raise the possibility that quetiapine may represent a viable alternative to clozapine in PD patients with dopamimetic psychosis and behavioral disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Menza
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway 08854, USA
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45
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Sallusto F, Palermo B, Hoy A, Lanzavecchia A. The role of chemokine receptors in directing traffic of naive, type 1 and type 2 T cells. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 1999; 246:123-8; discussion 129. [PMID: 10396048 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-60162-0_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- F Sallusto
- Basel Institute for Immunology, Switzerland
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Sallusto F, Kremmer E, Palermo B, Hoy A, Ponath P, Qin S, Förster R, Lipp M, Lanzavecchia A. Switch in chemokine receptor expression upon TCR stimulation reveals novel homing potential for recently activated T cells. Eur J Immunol 1999; 29:2037-45. [PMID: 10382767 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1521-4141(199906)29:06<2037::aid-immu2037>3.0.co;2-v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 257] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
When naive T lymphocytes are activated and differentiate into memory/effector cells, they down-regulate receptors for constitutive chemokines such as CXCR4 and CCR7 and acquire receptors for inflammatory chemokines such as CCR3, CCR5 and CXCR3, depending on the Th1/Th2 polarization. This switch in chemokine receptor usage leads to the acquisition of the capacity to migrate into inflamed tissues. Using RNase protection assays, staining with specific antibodies, and response to recombinant chemokines, we now show that following TCR stimulation, memory/effector T cells undergo a further and transient switch in receptor expression. CCR1, CCR2, CCR3, CCR5, CCR6 and CXCR3 are down-regulated within 6 h, while CCR7, CCR4, CCR8 and CXCR5 are up-regulated for 2 to 3 days. Up-regulation of CCR7 following TCR stimulation was observed also among resting peripheral blood T cells and required neither co-stimulation nor exogenous IL-2. On the other hand IL-2 down-regulated CXCR5, up-regulated CCR8 and facilitated the recovery of CCR3 and CCR5. Upon TCR stimulation, Th1 and Th2 cells produced comparable sets of chemokines, including RANTES, macrophage inflammatory protein-1beta, I-309, IL-8 and macrophage-derived chemokine, which may modulate surface chemokine receptors and contribute to cell recruitment at sites of antigenic recognition. Altogether these results show that following TCR stimulation effector/memory T cells transiently acquire responsiveness to constitutive chemokines. As a result, T cells that are activated in tissues may either recirculate to draining lymph nodes or migrate to nearby sites of organized ectopic lymphoid tissues.
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MESH Headings
- Base Sequence
- Cell Line
- Chemokines/pharmacology
- DNA Primers/genetics
- Fetal Blood/cytology
- Fetal Blood/immunology
- Gene Expression
- Humans
- Immunologic Memory
- In Vitro Techniques
- Infant, Newborn
- Lymphocyte Activation
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/metabolism
- Receptors, CCR2
- Receptors, CCR3
- Receptors, CCR5/genetics
- Receptors, CCR6
- Receptors, CCR7
- Receptors, CXCR3
- Receptors, Chemokine/genetics
- Receptors, Cytokine/genetics
- Receptors, Lymphocyte Homing/metabolism
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- F Sallusto
- Basel Institute for Immunology, Switzerland.
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Sallusto F, Palermo B, Lenig D, Miettinen M, Matikainen S, Julkunen I, Forster R, Burgstahler R, Lipp M, Lanzavecchia A. Distinct patterns and kinetics of chemokine production regulate dendritic cell function. Eur J Immunol 1999; 29:1617-25. [PMID: 10359116 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1521-4141(199905)29:05<1617::aid-immu1617>3.0.co;2-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 513] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DC) have been showed to both produce and respond to chemokines. To understand how this may impact on DC function, we analyzed the kinetics of chemokine production and responsiveness during DC maturation. After stimulation with LPS, TNF-alpha or CD40 ligand, the inflammatory chemokines MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta and IL-8 were produced rapidly and at high levels, but only for a few hours, while RANTES and MCP-1 were produced in a sustained fashion. The constitutive chemokines TARC, MDC and PARC were expressed in immature DC and were up-regulated following maturation, while ELC was produced only at late time points. Activated macrophages produced a similar spectrum of chemokines, but did not produce TARC and ELC. In maturing DC chemokine production had different impact on chemokine receptor function. While CCR1 and CCR5 were down-regulated by endogenous or exogenous chemokines, CCR7 levels gradually increased in maturing DC and showed a striking resistance to ligand-induced down-regulation, explaining how DC can sustain the response to SLC and ELC throughout the maturation process. The time-ordered production of inflammatory and constitutive chemokines provides DC with the capacity to self-regulate their migratory behavior as well as to recruit other cells for the afferent and efferent limb of the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Sallusto
- Basel Institute for Immunology, Switzerland.
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48
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Battaglia M, Pedrazzoli P, Palermo B, Lanza A, Bertolini F, Gibelli N, Da Prada GA, Zambelli A, Perotti C, Robustelli della Cuna G. Epithelial tumour cell detection and the unsolved problems of nested RT-PCR: a new sensitive one step method without false positive results. Bone Marrow Transplant 1998; 22:693-8. [PMID: 9818699 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bmt.1701405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Sensitive detection of circulating epithelial cancer cells might have important therapeutic and prognostic implications in patients with breast cancer (BC) receiving high-dose chemotherapy and PBSC support. We have compared the specificity and sensitivity of the recently developed 'one tube' reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) assay with the more widely used nested RT-PCR method for detection of cytokeratin 19 (CK19)-positive cells. The analysis of 30 control samples provides evidence that one tube RT-PCR is highly specific in contrast to the nested method which showed 23% false positive results. The sensitivity of both techniques to detect tumour contamination was 10(-6). PBSC harvests from 45 BC patients were tested with both RT-PCR methods and the results were compared with immunocytochemistry (ICC). The five samples found positive by ICC were also positive by one tube RT-PCR; in addition, 11 more samples were positive by one tube RT-PCR analysis. The greater number of PBSC found positive by one tube RT-PCR might be due to the larger number of cells analysed. We conclude that one tube RT-PCR is sensitive and reveals no false positive results. This method is less time consuming than the nested one, technically simpler and should be considered for tumour cell detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Battaglia
- Division of Medical Oncology, IRCCS S Maugeri Foundation, Pavia, Italy
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Bertolini F, Battaglia M, Lanza A, Gibelli N, Palermo B, Pavesi L, Robustelli della Cuna G. Stem cell enumeration in cord blood vs bone marrow and peripheral blood. Bone Marrow Transplant 1998; 22 Suppl 1:S57. [PMID: 9715890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Recent reports have suggested that the total number of autologous or allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) infused after high-dose chemotherapy might predict survival, post-transplant morbidity and rate of hematopoietic engraftment. However, HSC capable of long-term multilineage potential are still poorly defined, and tools for accurate and reproducible HSC enumeration are highly warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Bertolini
- Division of Medical Oncology and Experimental Medicine, IRCCS Maugeri Foundation, Pavia Medical Center, Italy
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50
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Bertolini F, Battaglia M, Lanza A, Palermo B, Robustelli della Cuna G. Control of stem cell proliferation and differentiation to achieve stable gene transfer and expression. Bone Marrow Transplant 1998; 21 Suppl 3:S75-6. [PMID: 9712501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Although the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) seems to be a convenient target for gene therapy, data from human clinical trials have so far shown low levels of gene transduction. The new model of human stem cells, immunodeficient mice repopulating cells (SRC), has similarly demonstrated that SRC were rarely transduced by protocols used in past studies. Cytokines such as stem cell factor and interleukin-3, used so far to obtain cell proliferation in transduction protocols, might induce HSC to differentiate and impair their repopulating potential. In this scenario, there is a need for new gene transfer protocols associated with minimal cell differentiation and stable expression of the transduced gene in the majority of mature cells generated from transduced HSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Bertolini
- Division of Medical Oncology and Experimental Medicine, IRCCS Maugeri Foundation, Pavia Medical Center, Italy
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