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Sturmlechner I, Zhang C, Sine CC, van Deursen EJ, Jeganathan KB, Hamada N, Grasic J, Friedman D, Stutchman JT, Can I, Hamada M, Lim DY, Lee JH, Ordog T, Laberge RM, Shapiro V, Baker DJ, Li H, van Deursen JM. p21 produces a bioactive secretome that places stressed cells under immunosurveillance. Science 2021; 374:eabb3420. [PMID: 34709885 PMCID: PMC8985214 DOI: 10.1126/science.abb3420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Immune cells identify and destroy damaged cells to prevent them from causing cancer or other pathologies by mechanisms that remain poorly understood. Here, we report that the cell-cycle inhibitor p21 places cells under immunosurveillance to establish a biological timer mechanism that controls cell fate. p21 activates retinoblastoma protein (Rb)–dependent transcription at select gene promoters to generate a complex bioactive secretome, termed p21-activated secretory phenotype (PASP). The PASP includes the chemokine CXCL14, which promptly attracts macrophages. These macrophages disengage if cells normalize p21 within 4 days, but if p21 induction persists, they polarize toward an M1 phenotype and lymphocytes mount a cytotoxic T cell response to eliminate target cells, including preneoplastic cells. Thus, p21 concurrently induces proliferative arrest and immunosurveillance of cells under duress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Sturmlechner
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Molecular Genetics Section, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Chance C. Sine
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN, United States
| | - Erik-Jan van Deursen
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN, United States
| | - Karthik B. Jeganathan
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN, United States
| | - Naomi Hamada
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN, United States
| | - Jan Grasic
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN, United States
| | - David Friedman
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN, United States
| | - Jeremy T. Stutchman
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN, United States
| | - Ismail Can
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN, United States
| | - Masakazu Hamada
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN, United States
| | - Do Young Lim
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN, United States
| | - Jeong-Heon Lee
- Epigenomics Program, Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN, United States
| | - Tamas Ordog
- Epigenomics Program, Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN, United States
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN, United States
| | - Remi-Martin Laberge
- Unity Biotechnology, 285 E Grand Ave., South San Francisco, California 94080, USA
| | - Virginia Shapiro
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN, United States
| | - Darren J. Baker
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN, United States
| | - Hu Li
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Jan M. van Deursen
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN, United States
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2
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Wang M, Liu D, Murthy V, Nguyen TT, Lim DY, Huang R, McNamara D, Skime M, Batzler A, Jenkins G, Barlera S, Pileggi S, Mestroni L, Merlo M, Pinet F, de Groote P, Miller J, Weinshilboum R, Pereira N. ROLE AND FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERIZATION OF CUB-DOMAIN CONTAINING PROTEIN 1 (CDCP1) IN DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY. J Am Coll Cardiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(21)01896-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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3
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Lee HJ, Ryu HD, Lim DY, Chung EG, Kim K, Lee JK. Characteristics of veterinary antibiotics in intensive livestock farming watersheds with different liquid manure application programs using UHPLC-q-orbitrap HRMS combined with on-line SPE. Sci Total Environ 2020; 749:142375. [PMID: 33370884 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Composted livestock manures, in both solid and liquid form, are used as fertilizers in cropland. However, excess solid and liquid manures in agricultural watersheds are considered as nonpoint pollution sources because of their high nutrient and heavy metal contents of, as well as their antibiotic contents, especially veterinary antibiotics (VAs). In this study, 21 VAs under nine classes (i.e., cephems, ionophores, lincosamides, penicillins, pleuromutilins, quinolones, streptogramins, sulfonamides, and tetracyclines) found in agricultural watersheds were simultaneously analyzed via UHPLC-q-orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry using an on-line solid-phase extraction system. The residues of VAs in the surface water of two intensive livestock rearing watersheds (Cheongmi and Gwangcheon streams) in Korea were successfully quantified, and the values were found to range from 1.84 ± 0.42 ng L-1 to 835.6 ± 31.9 ng L-1. Time lags of 2-3 months were observed between the periods of liquid manure application and the periods with the maximum concentrations of VAs. In both watersheds, samples from points close to areas with extensive application of liquid manure exhibited high concentrations of most of the 21 VAs. Between the watersheds, the one with heavier application of liquid manure showed higher concentrations of the target VAs. To the best of our knowledge, this study represents the first attempt at evaluating the correlation between liquid manure application and environmental occurrence of VAs in surface water. The findings reveal that liquid manure application plays an important role in introducing VAs into aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Jeoung Lee
- Department of Water Environment Research, National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER), Hwangyoung-ro 42, Seo-gu, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong-Duck Ryu
- Department of Water Environment Research, National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER), Hwangyoung-ro 42, Seo-gu, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Young Lim
- Department of Water Environment Research, National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER), Hwangyoung-ro 42, Seo-gu, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Eu Gene Chung
- Department of Water Environment Research, National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER), Hwangyoung-ro 42, Seo-gu, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyunghyun Kim
- Department of Water Environment Research, National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER), Hwangyoung-ro 42, Seo-gu, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Kwan Lee
- Department of Water Environment Research, National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER), Hwangyoung-ro 42, Seo-gu, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea
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Wang Q, Zhang T, Chang X, Lim DY, Wang K, Bai R, Wang T, Ryu J, Chen H, Yao K, Ma WY, Boardman LA, Bode AM, Dong Z. ARC Is a Critical Protector against Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) and IBD-Associated Colorectal Tumorigenesis. Cancer Res 2020; 80:4158-4171. [PMID: 32816906 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-0469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The key functional molecules involved in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and IBD-induced colorectal tumorigenesis remain unclear. In this study, we found that the apoptosis repressor with caspase recruitment domain (ARC) protein plays critical roles in IBD. ARC-deficient mice exhibited substantially higher susceptibility to dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced IBD compared with wild-type mice. The inflammatory burden induced in ARC-deficient conditions was inversely correlated with CCL5 and CXCL5 levels in immune cells, especially CD4-positive T cells. Pathologically, ARC expression in immune cells was significantly decreased in clinical biopsy specimens from patients with IBD compared with normal subjects. In addition, ARC levels inversely correlated with CCL5 and CXCL5 levels in human biopsy specimens. ARC interacted with TNF receptor associated factor (TRAF) 6, regulating ubiquitination of TRAF6, which was associated with NF-κB signaling. Importantly, we identified a novel ubiquitination site at lysine 461, which was critical in the function of ARC in IBD. ARC played a critical role in IBD and IBD-associated colon cancer in a bone marrow transplantation model and azoxymethane/DSS-induced colitis cancer mouse models. Overall, these findings reveal that ARC is critically involved in the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis and protection against IBD through its ubiquitination of TRAF6 and subsequent modulation of NF-κB activation in T cells. SIGNIFICANCE: This study uncovers a crucial role of ARC in the immune system and IBD, giving rise to a novel strategy for IBD and IBD-associated colon cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiushi Wang
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Tianshun Zhang
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Xiaoyu Chang
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Do Young Lim
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Keke Wang
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Ruihua Bai
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
- The Henan Tumor Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ting Wang
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Joohyun Ryu
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Hanyong Chen
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Ke Yao
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Wei-Ya Ma
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Lisa A Boardman
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Ann M Bode
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Zigang Dong
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota.
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Yao K, Lee SY, Peng C, Lim DY, Yamamoto H, Ryu J, Lim TG, Chen H, Ma WY, Bode AM, Dong Z. Abstract 1770: RSK2 is required for TRAF6 phosphorylation-mediated colon inflammation. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2019-1770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Inflammation is a complex biological host reaction to tissue damage, infection and trauma. Extensive study of the inflammatory response has led to the identification of several protein kinases that are essential for signaling and could be potential therapeutic targets. The RSK family of kinases has multiple cellular functions. In our study, we found that RSK2 is a mediator for inflammation signaling and interacts with TRAF6. In vitro kinase assay results indicated that RSK2 strongly phosphorylates TRAF6 at serines 46, 47 and 48. Ectopic over-expression of TRAF6 or knocking down RSK2 expression confirmed that RSK2 is a positive regulator of TRAF6 K63 ubiquitination. TRAF6 is also required for RSK2 ubiquitination. TRAF6 bridges the TNF receptor superfamily and intracellular signaling for the induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines. We developed a colon inflammation model using RSK2 wild type (WT) and knockout (KO) mice. As expected, F4/80 and CD3 infiltration were significantly upregulated in WT mice compared to RSK2 KO mice. Furthermore, inflammation signaling, including Ikkα/β, p38 and JNKs, was dramatically up-regulated in WT mice. Colon tissue immunoprecipitation results further confirmed that TRAF6 K63 ubiquitination was lower in RSK2 KO mice. Overall, these results indicate that phosphorylation of TRAF6 (S46, 47, 48) by RSK2 is required for TRAF6 K63 ubiquitination and inflammation signaling.
Citation Format: Ke Yao, Sung-Young Lee, Cong Peng, Do Young Lim, Hiroyuki Yamamoto, Joohyun Ryu, Tae-Gyu Lim, Hanyong Chen, Wei-Ya Ma, Ann M. Bode, Zigang Dong. RSK2 is required for TRAF6 phosphorylation-mediated colon inflammation [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1770.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Yao
- Univ. of Minnesota Hormel Inst., Austin, MN
| | | | - Cong Peng
- Univ. of Minnesota Hormel Inst., Austin, MN
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Wei-Ya Ma
- Univ. of Minnesota Hormel Inst., Austin, MN
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6
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Shin SH, Lim DY, Reddy K, Malakhova M, Liu F, Wang T, Song M, Chen H, Bae KB, Ryu J, Liu K, Lee MH, Bode AM, Dong Z. Abstract 3839: A small-molecule inhibitor of the β-catenin-TCF4 interaction suppresses colorectal cancer growth in vitro and in vivo. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2018-3839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is associated with aberrant activation of the Wnt pathway. β-Catenin plays essential roles in the Wnt pathway by interacting with T-cell factor 4 (TCF4) to transcribe oncogenes. We synthesized a small molecule, referred to as HI-B1, and evaluated signaling changes and biologic consequences induced by the compound. HI-B1 inhibited β-catenin/TCF4 luciferase activity and preferentially caused apoptosis of cancer cells in which the survival is dependent on β-catenin. The formation of the β-catenin/TCF4 complex was disrupted by HI-B1 due to the direct interaction of HI-B1 with β-catenin. Colon cancer patient-derived xenograft (PDX) studies showed that a tumor with higher levels of β-catenin expression was more sensitive to HI-B1 treatment, compared to a tumor with lower expression levels of β-catenin. The different sensitivities of PDX tumors to HI-B1 were dependent on the β-catenin expression level and potentially could be further exploited for biomarker development and therapeutic applications against colon cancer.
Citation Format: Seung Ho Shin, Do Young Lim, Kanamata Reddy, Margarita Malakhova, Fangfang Liu, Ting Wang, Mengqiu Song, Hanyong Chen, Ki Beom Bae, Joohyun Ryu, Kangdong Liu, Mee-Hyun Lee, Ann M. Bode, Zigang Dong. A small-molecule inhibitor of the β-catenin-TCF4 interaction suppresses colorectal cancer growth in vitro and in vivo [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3839.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Ho Shin
- 1The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN
| | - Do Young Lim
- 1The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN
| | - Kanamata Reddy
- 1The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN
| | | | - Fangfang Liu
- 2The China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ting Wang
- 2The China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mengqiu Song
- 2The China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hanyong Chen
- 1The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN
| | - Ki Beom Bae
- 1The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN
| | - Joohyun Ryu
- 1The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN
| | - Kangdong Liu
- 2The China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mee-Hyun Lee
- 2The China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ann M. Bode
- 1The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN
| | - Zigang Dong
- 1The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN
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Song H, Lim DY, Jung JI, Cho HJ, Park SY, Kwon GT, Kang YH, Lee KW, Choi MS, Park JHY. Dietary oleuropein inhibits tumor angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis in the B16F10 melanoma allograft model: a mechanism for the suppression of high-fat diet-induced solid tumor growth and lymph node metastasis. Oncotarget 2018; 8:32027-32042. [PMID: 28410190 PMCID: PMC5458266 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we reported that high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced obesity stimulates melanoma progression in the B16F10 allograft model. In this study, we examined whether oleuropein (OL), the most abundant phenolic compound in olives, inhibits HFD-induced melanoma progression. Four-week-old male C57BL/6N mice were fed a HFD-diet with or without OL. After 16 weeks of feeding, B16F10-luc cells were subcutaneously injected and the primary tumor was resected 3 weeks later. OL suppressed HFD-induced solid tumor growth. In the tumor tissues, OL reduced HFD-induced expression of angiogenesis (CD31, VE-cadherin, VEGF-A, and VEGFR2), lymphangiogenesis (LYVE-1, VEGF-C, VEGF-D, and VEGFR3), and hypoxia (HIF-1α and GLUT-1) markers as well as HFD-induced increases in lipid vacuoles and M2 macrophages (MΦs). All animals were euthanized 2.5 weeks after tumor resection. OL suppressed HFD-induced increases in lymph node (LN) metastasis; expression of VEGF-A, VEGF-C, and VEGF-D in the LN; and M2-MΦs and the size of adipocytes in adipose tissues surrounding LNs. Co-culture results revealed that the crosstalk between B16F10s, M2-MΦs, and differentiated 3T3-L1 cells under hypoxic conditions increased the secretion of VEGF-A and -D, which stimulated tube formation and migration of endothelial cells (HUVECs) and lymphatic endothelial cells (LEC), respectively. Additionally, OL directly inhibited the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and tube formation by HUVECs and LECs. The overall results indicated that dietary OL inhibits lipid and M2-MΦ accumulation in HFD-fed mice, which contributes to decreases in VEGF secretion, thereby leading to inhibition of angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyerim Song
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Young Lim
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Jae In Jung
- Division of Bio-Imaging, Chuncheon Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Jin Cho
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea.,WCU Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - So Young Park
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea.,Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon 16229, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyoo Taik Kwon
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea.,Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon 16229, Republic of Korea.,Berry and Biofood Research Institute, Jeonbuk 56417, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Hee Kang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Won Lee
- WCU Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.,Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon 16229, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Sook Choi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Han Yoon Park
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea.,Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon 16229, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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8
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Zykova T, Zhu F, Wang L, Li H, Lim DY, Yao K, Roh E, Yoon SP, Kim HG, Bae KB, Wen W, Shin SH, Nadas J, Li Y, Ma W, Bode AM, Dong Z. Targeting PRPK Function Blocks Colon Cancer Metastasis. Mol Cancer Ther 2018; 17:1101-1113. [PMID: 29483219 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-17-0628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The biological functions of the p53-related protein kinase (PRPK) remain unclear. We have previously demonstrated that PRPK is phosphorylated by the T-LAK cell-originated protein kinase (TOPK) and that phosphorylated PRPK (p-PRPK) promotes colon cancer metastasis. Here, we analyzed colon adenocarcinomas from 87 patients and found that higher expression levels of p-PRPK were associated with later stages of metastatic dissemination (stage III and IV) as compared with earlier stages (stages I and II). Indeed, levels of p-PRPK were higher in metastatic versus malignant human colon adenocarcinomas. Knocking down PRPK expression attenuated colorectal liver and lung metastasis of colon cancer cells in vivo An in vitro kinase assay indicated that active PRPK does not phosphorylate p53 directly. We found that PRPK phosphorylates survivin, a regulator of colon cancer metastasis. PRPK phosphorylates survivin at Thr34, which is important for survivin stability. Taken together, our data strongly suggest that the PRPK signaling pathway promotes colon cancer metastasis by modulating survivin stability, and that PRPK could be a new prognostic marker for the survival of colon cancer patients. In addition, we identified an FDA-approved bacteriostatic antibiotic, fusidic acid sodium salt (fusidic acid or FA) as an inhibitor of PRPK, and show that FA combined with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) inhibited PRPK activity and colon cancer metastasis to the lung in mice. We contend that the combination of FA with 5-FU could be an alternative therapeutic strategy to traditional chemotherapy for colon cancer patients with poor prognosis. Mol Cancer Ther; 17(5); 1101-13. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana Zykova
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Feng Zhu
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Lei Wang
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Haitao Li
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Do Young Lim
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Ke Yao
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Eunmiri Roh
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Sang-Pil Yoon
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota.,Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong-Gyum Kim
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Ki Beom Bae
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Weihong Wen
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Seung Ho Shin
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Janos Nadas
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Yan Li
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Weiya Ma
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Ann M Bode
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Zigang Dong
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota.
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9
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Bae KB, Yu DH, Lee KY, Yao K, Ryu J, Lim DY, Zykova TA, Kim MO, Bode AM, Dong Z. Serine 347 Phosphorylation by JNKs Negatively Regulates OCT4 Protein Stability in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells. Stem Cell Reports 2017; 9:2050-2064. [PMID: 29153991 PMCID: PMC5785688 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2017.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The POU transcription factor OCT4 is critical for maintaining the undifferentiated state of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and generating induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), but its precise mechanisms of action remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated the role of OCT4 phosphorylation in the biological functions of ESCs. We observed that c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) directly interacted with and phosphorylated OCT4 at serine 347, which inhibited the transcriptional activity of OCT4. Moreover, phosphorylation of OCT4 induced binding of FBXW8, which reduced OCT4 protein stability and enhanced its proteasomal degradation. We also found that the mutant OCT4 (S347A) might delay the differentiation process of mouse ESCs and enhance the efficiency of generating iPSCs. These results demonstrated that OCT4 phosphorylation on serine 347 by JNKs plays an important role in its stability, transcriptional activities, and self-renewal of mouse ESCs. JNKs interact with and phosphorylate OCT4 at serine 347 Serine 347 phosphorylation inhibits OCT4 transcriptional activity and stability FBXW8 can interact with the OCT4 protein phosphorylated at serine 347 The differentiation of mouse ESCs is delayed in the presence of OCT4 (S347A)
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Beom Bae
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16(th) Avenue NE, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Dong Hoon Yu
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16(th) Avenue NE, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Kun Yeong Lee
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16(th) Avenue NE, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Ke Yao
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16(th) Avenue NE, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Joohyun Ryu
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16(th) Avenue NE, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Do Young Lim
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16(th) Avenue NE, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Tatyana A Zykova
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16(th) Avenue NE, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Myoung Ok Kim
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16(th) Avenue NE, Austin, MN 55912, USA; The School of Animal BT Science, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, Gyeongsangbuk-do 37224, Republic of Korea
| | - Ann M Bode
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16(th) Avenue NE, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Zigang Dong
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16(th) Avenue NE, Austin, MN 55912, USA.
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10
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Kim DJ, Lee MH, Liu K, Lim DY, Roh E, Chen H, Kim SH, Shim JH, Kim MO, Li W, Ma F, Fredimoses M, Bode AM, Dong Z. Herbacetin suppresses cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma and melanoma cell growth by targeting AKT and ODC. Carcinogenesis 2017; 38:1136-1146. [PMID: 29029040 PMCID: PMC5862242 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgx082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Herbacetin is a flavonol compound that is found in plants such as flaxseed and ramose scouring rush herb, it possesses a strong antioxidant capacity, and exerts anticancer effects on colon and breast cancer. However, the effect of herbacetin on skin cancer has not been investigated. Herein, we identified herbacetin as a dual V-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog (AKT) and ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) inhibitor, and illustrated its anticancer effects in vitro and in vivo against cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and melanoma cell growth. To identify the direct target(s) of herbacetin, we screened several skin cancer-related protein kinases, and results indicated that herbacetin strongly suppresses both AKT and ODC activity. Results of cell-based assays showed that herbacetin binds to both AKT and ODC, inhibits TPA-induced neoplastic transformation of JB6 mouse epidermal cells, and suppresses anchorage-independent growth of cutaneous SCC and melanoma cells. The inhibitory activity of herbacetin was associated with markedly reduced NF-κB and AP1 reporter activity. Interestingly, herbacetin effectively attenuated TPA-induced skin cancer development and also exhibited therapeutic effects against solar-UV-induced skin cancer and melanoma growth in vivo. Our findings indicate that herbacetin is a potent AKT and ODC inhibitor that should be useful for preventing skin cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Joon Kim
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, China
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Mee-Hyun Lee
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, China
| | - KangDong Liu
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, China
- The Pathophysiology Department, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, China
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Do Young Lim
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Eunmiri Roh
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Hanyong Chen
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Sung-Hyun Kim
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, China
| | - Jung-Hyun Shim
- College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, Jeonnam 534-729, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung Ok Kim
- Center for Laboratory Animal Resources, School of Animal Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Dae-gu 700-842, Republic of Korea
| | - Wenwen Li
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, China
| | - Fayang Ma
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, China
| | | | - Ann M Bode
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Zigang Dong
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, China
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
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11
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Lee KY, Jeon YJ, Kim HG, Ryu J, Lim DY, Jung SK, Yu DH, Chen H, Bode AM, Dong Z. The CUG-translated WT1, not AUG-WT1, is an oncogene. Carcinogenesis 2017; 38:1228-1240. [DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgx108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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12
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Shin SH, Lim DY, Reddy K, Malakhova M, Liu F, Wang T, Song M, Chen H, Bae KB, Ryu J, Liu K, Lee MH, Bode AM, Dong Z. A Small Molecule Inhibitor of the β-Catenin-TCF4 Interaction Suppresses Colorectal Cancer Growth In Vitro and In Vivo. EBioMedicine 2017; 25:22-31. [PMID: 29033371 PMCID: PMC5704052 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2017.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is associated with aberrant activation of the Wnt pathway. β-Catenin plays essential roles in the Wnt pathway by interacting with T-cell factor 4 (TCF4) to transcribe oncogenes. We synthesized a small molecule, referred to as HI-B1, and evaluated signaling changes and biological consequences induced by the compound. HI-B1 inhibited β-catenin/TCF4 luciferase activity and preferentially caused apoptosis of cancer cells in which the survival is dependent on β-catenin. The formation of the β-catenin/TCF4 complex was disrupted by HI-B1 due to the direct interaction of HI-B1 with β-catenin. Colon cancer patient-derived xenograft (PDX) studies showed that a tumor with higher levels of β-catenin expression was more sensitive to HI-B1 treatment, compared to a tumor with lower expression levels of β-catenin. The different sensitivities of PDX tumors to HI-B1 were dependent on the β-catenin expression level and potentially could be further exploited for biomarker development and therapeutic applications against colon cancer. HI-B1 is a synthesized compound identified as a β-catenin inhibitor suppressing the β-catenin-TCF4 protein interaction. HI-B1 preferentially causes apoptosis in β-catenin-dependent cancer cells. A colon cancer PDX mouse model with a high level of β-catenin is sensitive to HI-B1.
β-catenin is an important protein that facilitates colon cancer. Shin et al. synthesized and identified HI-B1 as a direct β-catenin inhibitor. HI-B1 disrupted formation of the β-catenin-TCF4 protein complex. HI-B1 preferentially caused apoptosis of cancer cells in which the survival is dependent on β-catenin. In a comparison of two colon cancer PDX models with different β-catenin levels, they showed that β-catenin-high PDX is more sensitive to HI-B1 treatment than β-catenin-low PDX. HI-B1 could thus be further developed as a colon cancer drug, and β-catenin expression levels might be a predictive biomarker for colon cancer therapy using β-catenin inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Ho Shin
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA; Program in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Do Young Lim
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Kanamata Reddy
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | | | - Fangfang Liu
- The China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; The Pathophysiology Department, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ting Wang
- The China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Mengqiu Song
- The China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; The Pathophysiology Department, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hanyong Chen
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Ki Beom Bae
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Joohyun Ryu
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Kangdong Liu
- The China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; The Pathophysiology Department, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; The Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, China; The Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Mee-Hyun Lee
- The China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ann M Bode
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA; Program in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Zigang Dong
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA; Program in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; The China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; The Pathophysiology Department, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; The Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, China; The Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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13
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Lee MH, Lim DY, Lee SY, Shim JH, Liu X, Zhao R, Huang H, Bowden G, Surh YJ, Cho YY, Bode AM, Dong Z. Abstract 2021: Ablation of caspase-7 promotes solar-simulated light-induced mouse skin carcinogenesis through upregulation of keratin-17. Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2017-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Solar UV irradiation is an environmental carcinogen that causes skin cancer. Caspase-7 is expressed at reduced levels in many cancers. The present study was designed to examine the role of caspase-7 in solar-simulated light (SSL)-induced skin cancerr and to elucidate its underlying molecular mechanisms. Our study revealed that mice with genetic ablation of caspase-7 are significantly susceptible to SSL-induced skin carcinogenesis. Epidermal hyperplasia, tumor volume and tumor numbers were increased in caspase-7 knockout (KO) mice compared with SKH1 wild-type mice irradiated with SSL. The expression of cell proliferation biomarkers, such as survivin and Ki-67, was elevated in SSL-irradiated skin of caspase-7 KO mice compared with those observed in SSL-exposed wild-type SKH1 mouse skin. Moreover, SSL-induced apoptosis was abolished in skin from caspase-7 KO mice. 2-DE gel electrophoresis, followed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight analysis of skin tissue lysates from SSL-irradiated SKH1 wild-type and caspase-7 KO mice revealed an aberrant induction of keratin-17 in caspase-7 KO mice. Immunohistochemical analysis of skin tumors also showed an increase of keratin-17 expression in caspase-7 KO mice compared with SKH1 wild-type mice. Furthermore the expression of keratin-17 was also elevated in SSL-irradiated caspase-7 KO keratinocytes as well as in human basal cell carcinomas. The in vitro caspase activity assay showed keratin-17 as a substrate of caspase-7, but not caspase-3. Overall, our study suggests that genetic loss of caspase-7 promotes SSL-induced skin carcinogenesis by blocking caspase-7-mediated cleavage of keratin-17.
Citation Format: Mee-Hyun Lee, Do Young Lim, Sung Young Lee, Jung Hyun Shim, Xuejiao Liu, Ran Zhao, Hai Huang, G.Timothy Bowden, Young-Joon Surh, Yong-Yeon Cho, Ann M. Bode, Zigang Dong. Ablation of caspase-7 promotes solar-simulated light-induced mouse skin carcinogenesis through upregulation of keratin-17 [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 2021. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-2021
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Affiliation(s)
- Mee-Hyun Lee
- 1China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, China
| | | | | | - Jung Hyun Shim
- 3Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Mokpo, Republic of Korea
| | - Xuejiao Liu
- 1China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ran Zhao
- 1China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hai Huang
- 1China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, China
| | | | - Young-Joon Surh
- 5Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Yeon Cho
- 6College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
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14
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Shin SH, Malakhova M, Kurinov I, Lim DY, Bode AM, Dong Z. Abstract 821: Discovery of catechol moiety-containing natural compounds as direct ERK2 inhibitors by in vitro kinase assay and co-crystallography. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2016-821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Catechol (pyrocathechol, 1,2-dihydroxybenzene) is a chemical that is used by industry in the manufacture of certain products. Many natural compounds contain catechol as a functional group found in various fruits and vegetables such as apple, apricot, grape, bananas, soybean, peanut, pear, plum, mango, avocado, and mushroom. Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 (ERK2), a protein kinase that belongs to MAPK family, modulates many important functions such as cell growth, apoptosis and transcriptional regulation in cancer. The expression levels of ERK2 mRNA and protein are reportedly very high in many human cancers, including leukemia, colon, breast, lung and skin cancer. Previously, we reported that norathyriol and caffeic acid, which possess the catechol moiety, and catechol itself directly bind and inhibit ERK2 kinase activity. Those findings led us to test catechol moiety-containing natural compounds, luteolin, quercetin, fisetin, 7,3’,4’-trihydroxyisoflavone, and cyanidin, against ERK2 kinase activity. We found that all of these compounds directly bind to ERK2 and inhibit its activity. We further confirmed the results by resolving a co-crystal structure of ERK2 bound with luteolin in the ATP binding site. To apply this finding to cancer, the effect of the compounds was tested on the K562 human myelogenous leukemia cell line where ERK2 is highly expressed and knock-down of the protein reduced anchorage-independent growth. Five newly-found ERK2 inhibitors (luteolin, quercetin, fisetin, 7,3’,4’-trihydroxyisoflavone and cyanidin) and three known ERK2 inhibitors (norathyriol, caffeic acid and catechol) decreased cell viability of K562 at 40 ìM. When the eight compounds were used at the same dose in combination (5 ìM each and 40 ìM total), the mixture inhibited ERK2 and reduced cell viability of K562 cells. In summary, using in vitro kinase assays and co-crystallography, we identified new ERK2 inhibitors that contain the catechol functional group, and showed anti-cancer effects of the compounds by cell viability assay and soft agar assay. This work impacts the cancer prevention community by showing that many natural compounds can work together targeting ERK2, an important target in cancer.
Citation Format: Seung Ho Shin, Margarita Malakhova, Igor Kurinov, Do Young Lim, Ann M. Bode, Zigang Dong. Discovery of catechol moiety-containing natural compounds as direct ERK2 inhibitors by in vitro kinase assay and co-crystallography. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 821.
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15
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Lim DY, Shin SH, Lee MH, Malakhova M, Kurinov I, Wu Q, Xu J, Jiang Y, Dong Z, Liu K, Lee KY, Bae KB, Choi BY, Deng Y, Bode A, Dong Z. A natural small molecule, catechol, induces c-Myc degradation by directly targeting ERK2 in lung cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 7:35001-14. [PMID: 27167001 PMCID: PMC5085205 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Various carcinogens induce EGFR/RAS/MAPK signaling, which is critical in the development of lung cancer. In particular, constitutive activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 (ERK2) is observed in many lung cancer patients, and therefore developing compounds capable of targeting ERK2 in lung carcinogenesis could be beneficial. We examined the therapeutic effect of catechol in lung cancer treatment. Catechol suppressed anchorage-independent growth of murine KP2 and human H460 lung cancer cell lines in a dose-dependent manner. Catechol inhibited ERK2 kinase activity in vitro, and its direct binding to the ERK2 active site was confirmed by X-ray crystallography. Phosphorylation of c-Myc, a substrate of ERK2, was decreased in catechol-treated lung cancer cells and resulted in reduced protein stability and subsequent down-regulation of total c-Myc. Treatment with catechol induced G1 phase arrest in lung cancer cells and decreased protein expression related to G1-S progression. In addition, we showed that catechol inhibited the growth of both allograft and xenograft lung cancer tumors in vivo. In summary, catechol exerted inhibitory effects on the ERK2/c-Myc signaling axis to reduce lung cancer tumor growth in vitro and in vivo, including a preclinical patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model. These findings suggest that catechol, a natural small molecule, possesses potential as a novel therapeutic agent against lung carcinogenesis in future clinical approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do Young Lim
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, MN, USA
| | - Seung Ho Shin
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, MN, USA
- Program in Biomedical Informatics and Computational Biology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Mee-Hyun Lee
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, MN, USA
- The China-US (Henan) Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | | | | | - Qiong Wu
- The China-US (Henan) Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- The Pathophysiology Department, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Hunan, China
| | - Jinglong Xu
- The Pathophysiology Department, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Hunan, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanan Jiang
- The Pathophysiology Department, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Hunan, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ziming Dong
- The Pathophysiology Department, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Hunan, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kangdong Liu
- The China-US (Henan) Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- The Pathophysiology Department, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Hunan, China
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kun Yeong Lee
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, MN, USA
| | - Ki Beom Bae
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, MN, USA
| | - Bu Young Choi
- Pharmaceutical Science and Engineering, School of Convergence Bioscience and Technology, Seowon University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, South Korea
| | - Yibin Deng
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, MN, USA
| | - Ann Bode
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, MN, USA
| | - Zigang Dong
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, MN, USA
- The China-US (Henan) Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- The Pathophysiology Department, The School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Hunan, China
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer Chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, China
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16
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Cho HJ, Lim DY, Kwon GT, Kim JH, Huang Z, Song H, Oh YS, Kang YH, Lee KW, Dong Z, Park JHY. Benzyl Isothiocyanate Inhibits Prostate Cancer Development in the Transgenic Adenocarcinoma Mouse Prostate (TRAMP) Model, Which Is Associated with the Induction of Cell Cycle G1 Arrest. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:264. [PMID: 26907265 PMCID: PMC4783993 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17020264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC) is a hydrolysis product of glucotropaeolin, a compound found in cruciferous vegetables, and has been shown to have anti-tumor properties. In the present study, we investigated whether BITC inhibits the development of prostate cancer in the transgenic adenocarcinoma mouse prostate (TRAMP) mice. Five-week old, male TRAMP mice and their nontransgenic littermates were gavage-fed with 0, 5, or 10 mg/kg of BITC every day for 19 weeks. The weight of the genitourinary tract increased markedly in TRAMP mice and this increase was suppressed significantly by BITC feeding. H and E staining of the dorsolateral lobes of the prostate demonstrated that well-differentiated carcinoma (WDC) was a predominant feature in the TRAMP mice. The number of lobes with WDC was reduced by BITC feeding while that of lobes with prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia was increased. BITC feeding reduced the number of cells expressing Ki67 (a proliferation marker), cyclin A, cyclin D1, and cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)2 in the prostatic tissue. In vitro cell culture results revealed that BITC decreased DNA synthesis, as well as CDK2 and CDK4 activity in TRAMP-C2 mouse prostate cancer cells. These results indicate that inhibition of cell cycle progression contributes to the inhibition of prostate cancer development in TRAMP mice treated with BITC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Jin Cho
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 200-702, Korea.
- WCU Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea.
| | - Do Young Lim
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA.
| | - Gyoo Taik Kwon
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 200-702, Korea.
- Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon 443-270, Korea.
| | - Ji Hee Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 200-702, Korea.
| | - Zunnan Huang
- Key Laboratory for Medical Molecular Diagnostics of Guangdong Province, Dongguan Scientific Research Center, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China.
| | - Hyerim Song
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 200-702, Korea.
| | - Yoon Sin Oh
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 406-799, Korea.
| | - Young-Hee Kang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 200-702, Korea.
| | - Ki Won Lee
- WCU Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea.
- Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon 443-270, Korea.
| | - Zigang Dong
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA.
| | - Jung Han Yoon Park
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 200-702, Korea.
- Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon 443-270, Korea.
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.
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17
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Kim DJ, Roh E, Lee MH, Oi N, Lim DY, Kim MO, Cho YY, Pugliese A, Shim JH, Chen H, Cho EJ, Kim JE, Kang SC, Paul S, Kang HE, Jung JW, Lee SY, Kim SH, Reddy K, Yeom YI, Bode AM, Dong Z. Herbacetin Is a Novel Allosteric Inhibitor of Ornithine Decarboxylase with Antitumor Activity. Cancer Res 2015; 76:1146-1157. [PMID: 26676750 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-15-0442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) is a rate-limiting enzyme in the first step of polyamine biosynthesis that is associated with cell growth and tumor formation. Existing catalytic inhibitors of ODC have lacked efficacy in clinical testing or displayed unacceptable toxicity. In this study, we report the identification of an effective and nontoxic allosteric inhibitor of ODC. Using computer docking simulation and an in vitro ODC enzyme assay, we identified herbacetin, a natural compound found in flax and other plants, as a novel ODC inhibitor. Mechanistic investigations defined aspartate 44 in ODC as critical for binding. Herbacetin exhibited potent anticancer activity in colon cancer cell lines expressing high levels of ODC. Intraperitoneal or oral administration of herbacetin effectively suppressed HCT116 xenograft tumor growth and also reduced the number and size of polyps in a mouse model of APC-driven colon cancer (ApcMin/+). Unlike the well-established ODC inhibitor DFMO, herbacetin treatment was not associated with hearing loss. Taken together, our findings defined the natural product herbacetin as an allosteric inhibitor of ODC with chemopreventive and antitumor activity in preclinical models of colon cancer, prompting its further investigation in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Joon Kim
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA.,Biomedical Genomics Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 305-806, Korea
| | - Eunmiri Roh
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Mee-Hyun Lee
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA.,China-US Hormel Institute, Henan, 45008, China
| | - Naomi Oi
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Do Young Lim
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Myoung Ok Kim
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA.,Center for Laboratory Animal Resources, School of Animal Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Dae-gu, 700-842, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Yeon Cho
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 420-743, Republic of Korea
| | - Angelo Pugliese
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Jung-Hyun Shim
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA.,College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan-gun, Jeonnam 534-729, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanyong Chen
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Eun Jin Cho
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Jong-Eun Kim
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Sun Chul Kang
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Kyoungsan, Kyoungbook 712-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Souren Paul
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu University, Kyoungsan, Kyoungbook 712-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Eun Kang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 420-743, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Won Jung
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 420-743, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Young Lee
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Sung-Hyun Kim
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA.,Center for Laboratory Animal Resources, School of Animal Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Dae-gu, 700-842, Republic of Korea
| | - Kanamata Reddy
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Young Il Yeom
- Biomedical Genomics Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 305-806, Korea
| | - Ann M Bode
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Zigang Dong
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
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18
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Lee MH, Lim DY, Kim MO, Lee SY, Shin SH, Kim JY, Kim SH, Kim DJ, Jung SK, Yao K, Kundu JK, Lee HS, Lee CJ, Dickinson SE, Alberts D, Bowden GT, Stratton S, Curiel C, Einspahr J, Bode AM, Surh YJ, Cho YY, Dong Z. Genetic ablation of caspase-7 promotes solar-simulated light-induced mouse skin carcinogenesis: the involvement of keratin-17. Carcinogenesis 2015; 36:1372-80. [PMID: 26271098 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgv110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Solar ultraviolet irradiation is an environmental carcinogen that causes skin cancer. Caspase-7 is reportedly expressed at reduced levels in many cancers. The present study was designed to examine the role of caspase-7 in solar-simulated light (SSL)-induced skin cancer and to elucidate its underlying molecular mechanisms. Our study revealed that mice with genetic deficiency of caspase-7 are highly susceptible to SSL-induced skin carcinogenesis. Epidermal hyperplasia, tumor volume and the average number of tumors were significantly increased in caspase-7 knockout (KO) mice compared with SKH1 wild-type mice irradiated with SSL. The expression of cell proliferation markers, such as survivin and Ki-67, was elevated in SSL-irradiated skin of caspase-7 KO mice compared with those observed in SSL-exposed wild-type SKH1 mouse skin. Moreover, SSL-induced apoptosis was abolished in skin from caspase-7 KO mice. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, followed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight analysis of skin tissue lysates from SSL-irradiated SKH1 wild-type and caspase-7 KO mice revealed an aberrant induction of keratin-17 in caspase-7 KO mice. Immunohistochemical analysis of skin tumors also showed an increase of keratin-17 expression in caspase-7 KO mice compared with SKH1 wild-type mice. The expression of keratin-17 was also elevated in SSL-irradiated caspase-7 KO keratinocytes as well as in human basal cell carcinomas. The in vitro caspase activity assay showed keratin-17 as a substrate of caspase-7, but not caspase-3. Overall, our study demonstrates that genetic loss of caspase-7 promotes SSL-induced skin carcinogenesis by blocking caspase-7-mediated cleavage of keratin-17.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mee-Hyun Lee
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16th Ave. NE, Austin, MN 55912, USA, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, 43, Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 420-743, South Korea
| | - Do Young Lim
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16th Ave. NE, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Myoung Ok Kim
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16th Ave. NE, Austin, MN 55912, USA, Center for Laboratory Animal Resources, School of Animal BT Science and
| | - Sung-Young Lee
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16th Ave. NE, Austin, MN 55912, USA, Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, South Korea
| | - Seung Ho Shin
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16th Ave. NE, Austin, MN 55912, USA, Program in Biomedical Informatics and Computational Biology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Jae Young Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, South Korea
| | - Sung-Hyun Kim
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16th Ave. NE, Austin, MN 55912, USA, Center for Laboratory Animal Resources, School of Animal BT Science and
| | - Dong Joon Kim
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16th Ave. NE, Austin, MN 55912, USA, Medical Genomics Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806, South Korea
| | - Sung Keun Jung
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16th Ave. NE, Austin, MN 55912, USA, Functionality Evaluation Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam 463-746, South Korea
| | - Ke Yao
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16th Ave. NE, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Joydeb Kumar Kundu
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu 704-701, South Korea and
| | - Hye Suk Lee
- College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, 43, Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 420-743, South Korea
| | - Cheol-Jung Lee
- College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, 43, Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 420-743, South Korea
| | | | - David Alberts
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ 85704, USA
| | | | | | - Clara Curiel
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ 85704, USA
| | | | - Ann M Bode
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16th Ave. NE, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Young-Joon Surh
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, South Korea
| | - Yong-Yeon Cho
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16th Ave. NE, Austin, MN 55912, USA, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, 43, Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 420-743, South Korea,
| | - Zigang Dong
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16th Ave. NE, Austin, MN 55912, USA, Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, South Korea,
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19
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Lee MH, Jung SK, Lim DY, Cho YY, Lee CJ, Song JH, Kim MO, Kim SH, Bode AM, Dong Z. Abstract 1917: Targeting wildtype and L858R/T790M mutant EGFR by isoliquiritigenin induces apoptosis and Inhibits tumor growth of NSCLC. Cancer Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2015-1917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Genetic alteration of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a high risk factor of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Isoliquiritigenin (ILQ), a chalcone derivative, reported anti-cancer activities. In this study, we investigated the effects of ILQ on the growth of tyrosine kinase inhibitor -sensitive and -resistant NSCLC cells and elucidated its molecular mechanisms. Treatment with ILQ inhibited growth and induced apoptosis in both tyrosine kinase inhibitor-sensitive (HCC827, H1650; delE746-A750 EGFR) and -resistant (H1975; L858R/T790M EGFR) NSCLC cells. However, ILQ didn't showed the inhibitory effects of cell growth and induction of apoptosis in Met amplified-HCC827GR or K-ras mutated-A549 cells. ILQ induced apoptotic markers, the cleavage of caspase-3 and poly-(ADP ribose)-polymerase, increased expression of Bim and reduced expression of Bcl-2. ILQ inhibited the catalytic activity of both wildtype and double mutant (L858R/T790M) EGFR by kinase assay. Treatment with ILQ inhibited the anchorage-independent growth of NIH3T3 cells stably transfected with either wildtype or double-mutant EGFR with or without EGF stimulation. ILQ also reduced the phosphorylation of Akt and ERK1/2 in both TKI-sensitive and -resistant NSCLC cells in the western blotting analysis. ILQ directly bound both wildtype and double-mutant EGFR by ATP-competitive manner. Computational docking model expected that ILQ interacted with Glu762 and Met793 sites of wildtype EGFR and Lys745, Met793 and Asp855 of mutant EGFR. ILQ attenuated the tumor growth of H1975 cell xenografted athymic mice in vivo, which was caused by decreased expression of Ki-67 and diminished phosphorylation of Akt and ERK1/2. Taken together, ILQ suppresses NSCLC cell growth by directly targeting wildtype or mutant EGFR.
Citation Format: Mee-Hyun Lee, Sung Keun Jung, Do Young Lim, Yong-Yeon Cho, Cheol-Jung Lee, Ji-Hong Song, Myoung Ok Kim, Sung-Hyun Kim, Ann M. Bode, Zigang Dong. Targeting wildtype and L858R/T790M mutant EGFR by isoliquiritigenin induces apoptosis and Inhibits tumor growth of NSCLC. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 1917. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-1917
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Affiliation(s)
- Mee-Hyun Lee
- 1College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Keun Jung
- 2Division of Metabolism and Functionality Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Young Lim
- 3The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN
| | - Yong-Yeon Cho
- 1College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol-Jung Lee
- 1College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hong Song
- 1College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung Ok Kim
- 4Kyungpook National University, Center for Laboratory Animal Resources, School of Animal BT Science, Dae-gu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hyun Kim
- 4Kyungpook National University, Center for Laboratory Animal Resources, School of Animal BT Science, Dae-gu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ann M. Bode
- 3The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN
| | - Zigang Dong
- 3The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN
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Lim DY, Shin SH, Malakhova M, Lee MH, Bode AM, Dong Z. Abstract 2601: A natural small molecule, catechol, induces c-Myc degradation by directly targeting ERK2 in lung cancer in vitro and in vivo. Cancer Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2015-2601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
For decades, lung cancer has been a leading cause of death in the U.S., mainly due to oncogenic signaling pathways activated by carcinogens such as smoking. Various carcinogens induce EGFR/RAS/MAPK signaling that is critical in the development of lung cancer. In particular, constitutive activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 (ERK2) is observed in many lung cancer patients, and therefore developing compounds capable of targeting ERK2 against lung carcinogenesis will be beneficial to these patients. Herein, we examined the therapeutic effects of catechol (also known as pyrocatechol or 1,2-dihydroxybenzene), a naturally occurring chemical in many foods such as apple, banana, apricot, grape, plum, avocado and mushroom. Co-crystallography results suggested that ERK2 is a direct target of catechol. In agreement with the co-crystallography result, catechol was confirmed to inhibit ERK2 kinase activity in vitro. Catechol inhibited anchorage-independent KP2 and H460 lung cancer cell growth in a dose-dependent manner. Phosphorylation of c-Myc, a substrate of ERK2, was reduced in catechol-treated lung cancer cells compared to untreated controls. Decreased c-Myc phosphorylation resulted in its reduced protein stability and subsequent down-regulation of total c-Myc levels. Treatment with catechol induced G1 cell cycle arrest and resulted in a decrease of G1 phase related proteins, CDK2 and cyclin D1. In vivo study results also revealed that catechol inhibited growth of KP2 and H460 xenograft tumors. Phosphorylation levels of c-Myc were also strongly decreased by catechol treatment in vivo. Taken together, we have shown that catechol exerts inhibitory effects on the ERK2/c-Myc signaling axis in lung cancer cells to reduce tumor growth in vitro and in vivo. These findings suggest that catechol, a natural small molecule, possesses potential as a novel therapeutic agent against lung carcinogenesis.
Citation Format: Do Young Lim, Seung Ho Shin, Margarita Malakhova, Mee-Hyun Lee, Ann M. Bode, Zigang Dong. A natural small molecule, catechol, induces c-Myc degradation by directly targeting ERK2 in lung cancer in vitro and in vivo. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 2601. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-2601
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Affiliation(s)
- Do Young Lim
- University of Minnesota, The Hormel Institute, Austin, MN
| | - Seung Ho Shin
- University of Minnesota, The Hormel Institute, Austin, MN
| | | | - Mee-Hyun Lee
- University of Minnesota, The Hormel Institute, Austin, MN
| | - Ann M. Bode
- University of Minnesota, The Hormel Institute, Austin, MN
| | - Zigang Dong
- University of Minnesota, The Hormel Institute, Austin, MN
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21
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Jung SK, Lee MH, Lim DY, Kim JE, Singh P, Lee SY, Jeong CH, Lim TG, Chen H, Chi YI, Kundu JK, Lee NH, Lee CC, Cho YY, Bode AM, Lee KW, Dong Z. Isoliquiritigenin induces apoptosis and inhibits xenograft tumor growth of human lung cancer cells by targeting both wild type and L858R/T790M mutant EGFR. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:35839-48. [PMID: 25368326 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.585513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is associated with diverse genetic alterations including mutation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Isoliquiritigenin (ILQ), a chalcone derivative, possesses anticancer activities. In the present study, we investigated the effects of ILQ on the growth of tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)-sensitive and -resistant NSCLC cells and elucidated its underlying mechanisms. Treatment with ILQ inhibited growth and induced apoptosis in both TKI-sensitive and -resistant NSCLC cells. ILQ-induced apoptosis was associated with the cleavage of caspase-3 and poly-(ADP-ribose)-polymerase, increased expression of Bim, and reduced expression of Bcl-2. In vitro kinase assay results revealed that ILQ inhibited the catalytic activity of both wild type and double mutant (L858R/T790M) EGFR. Treatment with ILQ inhibited the anchorage-independent growth of NIH3T3 cells stably transfected with either wild type or double-mutant EGFR with or without EGF stimulation. ILQ also reduced the phosphorylation of Akt and ERK1/2 in both TKI-sensitive and -resistant NSCLC cells, and attenuated the kinase activity of Akt1 and ERK2 in vitro. ILQ directly interacted with both wild type and double-mutant EGFR in an ATP-competitive manner. A docking model study showed that ILQ formed two hydrogen bonds (Glu-762 and Met-793) with wild type EGFR and three hydrogen bonds (Lys-745, Met-793, and Asp-855) with mutant EGFR. ILQ attenuated the xenograft tumor growth of H1975 cells, which was associated with decreased expression of Ki-67 and diminished phosphorylation of Akt and ERK1/2. Taken together, ILQ suppresses NSCLC cell growth by directly targeting wild type or mutant EGFR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Keun Jung
- From The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Minnesota 55912, Division of Metabolism and Functionality Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, 463-746 Republic of Korea
| | - Mee-Hyun Lee
- From The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Minnesota 55912, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, 420-743 South Korea
| | - Do Young Lim
- From The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Minnesota 55912
| | - Jong Eun Kim
- From The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Minnesota 55912, Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 443-270 South Korea
| | - Puja Singh
- From The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Minnesota 55912
| | - Sung-Young Lee
- From The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Minnesota 55912
| | - Chul-Ho Jeong
- From The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Minnesota 55912, College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu, 704-701 South Korea
| | - Tae-Gyu Lim
- From The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Minnesota 55912, WCU Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-921, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanyong Chen
- From The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Minnesota 55912
| | - Young-In Chi
- From The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Minnesota 55912
| | | | - Nam Hyouck Lee
- Division of Metabolism and Functionality Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, 463-746 Republic of Korea
| | - Charles C Lee
- From The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Minnesota 55912, Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, and
| | - Yong-Yeon Cho
- College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, 420-743 South Korea
| | - Ann M Bode
- From The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Minnesota 55912
| | - Ki Won Lee
- Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 443-270 South Korea, WCU Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-921, Republic of Korea, Research Institute of Bio Food Industry, Institute of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, 232-916, Republic of Korea
| | - Zigang Dong
- From The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Minnesota 55912,
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22
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Kim MS, Lim DY, Kim JE, Chen H, Lubet RA, Dong Z, Bode AM. Src is a novel potential off-target of RXR agonists, 9-cis-UAB30 and Targretin, in human breast cancer cells. Mol Carcinog 2014; 54:1596-604. [PMID: 25328014 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2014] [Revised: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
9-cis-UAB30 (UAB30) and Targretin are well-known retinoid X receptor (RXR) agonists. They were highly effective in decreasing the incidence of methylnitrosourea (MNU)-induced mammary cancers. However, whether the anti-mammary cancer effects of UAB30 or Targretin originate from the activation of RXR is unclear. In the present study, we hypothesized that UAB30 and Targretin not only affect RXR, but likely influence one or more off-target proteins. Virtual screening results suggest that Src is a potential target for UAB30 and Targretin that regulates extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules and cell motility and invasiveness. In vitro kinase assay data revealed that UAB30 or Targretin interacted with Src and attenuated its kinase activity. We found that UAB30 or Targretin substantially inhibited invasiveness and migration of MCF-7 and SK-BR-3 human breast cancer cells. We examined the effects of UAB30 and Targretin on the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-9, which are known to play an essential role in tumor invasion. We show that activity and expression of MMP-9 were decreased by UAB30 or Targretin. Western blot data showed that UAB30 or Targretin decreased AKT and its substrate molecule p70(s6k), which are downstream of Src in MCF-7 and SK-BR-3 cells. Moreover, knocking down the expression of Src effectively reduced the sensitivity of SK-BR-3 cells to the inhibitory effects of UAB30 and Targretin on invasiveness. Taken together, our results demonstrate that UAB30 and Targretin each inhibit invasion and migration by targeting Src in human breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Sung Kim
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Do Young Lim
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Jong-Eun Kim
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Hanyong Chen
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Ronald A Lubet
- Chemoprevention Agent Development Research Group, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Zigang Dong
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Ann M Bode
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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23
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Sheng Y, Li W, Zhu F, Liu K, Chen H, Yao K, Reddy K, Lim DY, Oi N, Li H, Peng C, Ma WY, Bode AM, Dong Z, Dong Z. 3,6,2',4',5'-Pentahydroxyflavone, an orally bioavailable multiple protein kinase inhibitor, overcomes gefitinib resistance in non-small cell lung cancer. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:28192-201. [PMID: 25122774 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.593475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most lethal cancer, causing more than 150,000 deaths in the United States in 2013. The receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as gefitinib are not perfect clinical therapeutic agents for NSCLC treatment due to primary or acquired tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance. Herein, 3,6,2',4',5'-pentahydroxyflavone (36245-PHF) was identified as a multiple kinase inhibitor for NSCLC treatment based on the computational screening of a natural products database. 36245-PHF was shown to inhibit PI3K and Aurora A and B kinases and overcome gefitinib-resistant NSCLC growth. Our data clearly showed that 36245-PHF markedly inhibited anchorage-independent growth of gefitinib-resistant NSCLC cell lines and exerted a substantial chemotherapeutic effect following oral administration in a gefitinib-resistant NSCLC xenograft model. The evidence from three different subsequent methodological approaches, in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo, all confirmed that 36245-PHF as a multiple protein kinase inhibitor. Overall, we identified 36245-PHF as a multiple protein kinase inhibitor and as a novel therapeutic agent to overcome gefitinib-resistant NSCLC growth, which could provide a new option for clinical NSCLC oral treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqiao Sheng
- From the The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota 55912, the Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Henan 450001, China, and The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China, and
| | - Wei Li
- From the The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota 55912, the Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine and
| | - Feng Zhu
- From the The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota 55912
| | - Kangdong Liu
- From the The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota 55912, the Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Henan 450001, China, and
| | - Hanyong Chen
- From the The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota 55912
| | - Ke Yao
- From the The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota 55912
| | - Kanamata Reddy
- From the The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota 55912
| | - Do Young Lim
- From the The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota 55912
| | - Naomi Oi
- From the The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota 55912
| | - Haitao Li
- From the The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota 55912
| | - Cong Peng
- From the The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota 55912, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Wei-Ya Ma
- From the The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota 55912
| | - Ann M Bode
- From the The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota 55912
| | - Ziming Dong
- the Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Henan 450001, China, and
| | - Zigang Dong
- From the The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota 55912,
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24
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Yang G, Fu Y, Malakhova M, Kurinov I, Zhu F, Yao K, Li H, Chen H, Li W, Lim DY, Sheng Y, Bode AM, Dong Z, Dong Z. Caffeic acid directly targets ERK1/2 to attenuate solar UV-induced skin carcinogenesis. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2014; 7:1056-66. [PMID: 25104643 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-14-0141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Caffeic acid (3,4-dihydroxycinnamic acid) is a well-known phenolic phytochemical present in coffee and reportedly has anticancer activities. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms and targeted proteins involved in the suppression of carcinogenesis by caffeic acid are not fully understood. In this study, we report that caffeic acid significantly inhibits colony formation of human skin cancer cells and EGF-induced neoplastic transformation of HaCaT cells dose-dependently. Caffeic acid topically applied to dorsal mouse skin significantly suppressed tumor incidence and volume in a solar UV (SUV)-induced skin carcinogenesis mouse model. A substantial reduction of phosphorylation in mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling was observed in mice treated with caffeic acid either before or after SUV exposure. Caffeic acid directly interacted with ERK1/2 and inhibited ERK1/2 activities in vitro. Importantly, we resolved the cocrystal structure of ERK2 complexed with caffeic acid. Caffeic acid interacted directly with ERK2 at amino acid residues Q105, D106, and M108. Moreover, A431 cells expressing knockdown of ERK2 lost sensitivity to caffeic acid in a skin cancer xenograft mouse model. Taken together, our results suggest that caffeic acid exerts chemopreventive activity against SUV-induced skin carcinogenesis by targeting ERK1 and 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Yang
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota. Physiology and Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Zhengzhou University, ZhengZhou, China. The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, ZhengZhou, China
| | - Yang Fu
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota. The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, ZhengZhou, China
| | | | - Igor Kurinov
- Cornell University, NE-CAT, APS, Argonne, Illinois
| | - Feng Zhu
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Ke Yao
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Haitao Li
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Hanyong Chen
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Wei Li
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Do Young Lim
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Yuqiao Sheng
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota. Physiology and Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Zhengzhou University, ZhengZhou, China. The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, ZhengZhou, China
| | - Ann M Bode
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Ziming Dong
- Physiology and Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Zhengzhou University, ZhengZhou, China.
| | - Zigang Dong
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota.
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25
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Jung SK, Lee MH, Lim DY, Lee SY, Jeong CH, Kim JE, Lim TG, Chen H, Bode AM, Lee HJ, Lee KW, Dong Z. Butein, a novel dual inhibitor of MET and EGFR, overcomes gefitinib-resistant lung cancer growth. Mol Carcinog 2014; 54:322-31. [PMID: 24974831 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2013] [Revised: 03/26/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide and MET amplification is a major therapeutic limitation in acquired-resistance lung cancer. We hypothesized that butein, a phytochemical, can overcome gefitinib-induced resistance by targeting both EGFR and MET in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). To investigate the ability of butein to target EGFR and MET, we used in silico docking, a library of natural compounds and kinase assays. The effects of butein on growth, induction of apoptosis and expression of EGFR/MET signaling targets were examined in HCC827 (gefitinib-sensitive) and HCC827GR (gefitinib-resistant) NSCLC cells. Results were confirmed in vivo by a HCC827 or HCC827GR cell xenograft mouse model, each treated with vehicle, butein or gefitinib. Butein inhibited phosphorylation and kinase activity of EGFR and MET as well as soft agar colony formation and decreased viability of HCC827 and HCC827GR cells. Butein increased apoptosis-related protein expression in these cells. Results were confirmed by co-treatment with inhibitors of EGFR/MET or double knock-down. Finally, xenograft study results showed that butein strongly suppressed HCC827 and HCC827GR tumor growth. Immunohistochemical data suggest that butein inhibited Ki-67 expression. These results indicate that butein has potent anticancer activity and targets both EGFR and MET in acquired-resistance NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Keun Jung
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota; Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Functional Food Resources Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
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Lim DY, Lee MH, Shin SH, Chen H, Ryu J, Shan L, Li H, Bode AM, Zhang WD, Dong Z. (+)-2-(1-Hydroxyl-4-oxocyclohexyl) ethyl caffeate suppresses solar UV-induced skin carcinogenesis by targeting PI3K, ERK1/2, and p38. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2014; 7:856-65. [PMID: 24845061 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-13-0286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
For decades, skin cancer incidence has increased, mainly because of oncogenic signaling pathways activated by solar ultraviolet (UV) irradiation (i.e., sun exposure). Solar UV induces multiple signaling pathways that are critical in the development of skin cancer, and therefore the development of compounds capable of targeting multiple molecules for chemoprevention of skin carcinogenesis is urgently needed. Herein, we examined the chemopreventive effects and the molecular mechanism of (+)-2-(1-hydroxyl-4-oxocyclohexyl) ethyl caffeate (HOEC), isolated from Incarvillea mairei var. grandiflora (Wehrhahn) Grierson. HOEC strongly inhibited neoplastic transformation of JB6 Cl41 cells without toxicity. PI3K, ERK1/2, and p38 kinase activities were suppressed by direct binding with HOEC in vitro. Our in silico docking data showed that HOEC binds at the ATP-binding site of each kinase. The inhibition of solar UV-induced PI3K, ERK1/2, and p38 kinase activities resulted in suppression of their downstream signaling pathways and AP1 and NF-κB transactivation in JB6 cells. Furthermore, topical application of HOEC reduced skin cancer incidence and tumor volume in SKH-1 hairless mice chronically exposed to solar UV. In summary, our results show that HOEC exerts inhibitory effects on multiple kinase targets and their downstream pathways activated by solar UV in vitro and in vivo. These findings suggest that HOEC is a potent chemopreventive compound against skin carcinogenesis caused by solar UV exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do Young Lim
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Mee-Hyun Lee
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Seung Ho Shin
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota; Program in Biomedical Informatics and Computational Biology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Hanyoung Chen
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Joohyun Ryu
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Lei Shan
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Second Military Medical University
| | - Honglin Li
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai, PR China; and
| | - Ann M Bode
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Wei-Dong Zhang
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Second Military Medical University;
| | - Zigang Dong
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota;
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Lim TG, Lee SY, Huang Z, Lim DY, Chen H, Jung SK, Bode AM, Lee KW, Dong Z. Curcumin suppresses proliferation of colon cancer cells by targeting CDK2. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2014; 7:466-74. [PMID: 24550143 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-13-0387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin, the yellow pigment of turmeric found in Southeast Indian food, is one of the most popular phytochemicals for cancer prevention. Numerous reports have demonstrated modulation of multiple cellular signaling pathways by curcumin and its molecular targets in various cancer cell lines. To identify a new molecular target of curcumin, we used shape screening and reverse docking to screen the Protein Data Bank against curcumin. Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), a major cell-cycle protein, was identified as a potential molecular target of curcumin. Indeed, in vitro and ex vivo kinase assay data revealed a dramatic suppressive effect of curcumin on CDK2 kinase activity. Furthermore, curcumin induced G1 cell-cycle arrest, which is regulated by CDK2 in HCT116 cells. Although the expression levels of CDK2 and its regulatory subunit, cyclin E, were not changed, the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma (Rb), a well-known CDK2 substrate, was reduced by curcumin. Because curcumin induced cell-cycle arrest, we investigated the antiproliferative effect of curcumin on HCT116 colon cancer cells. In this experiment, curcumin suppressed HCT116 cell proliferation effectively. To determine whether CDK2 is a direct target of curcumin, CDK2 expression was knocked down in HCT116 cells. As expected, HCT116 sh-CDK2 cells exhibited G1 arrest and reduced proliferation. Because of the low levels of CDK2 in HCT116 sh-CDK2 cells, the effects of curcumin on G1 arrest and cell proliferation were not substantially relative to HCT116 sh-control cells. From these results, we identified CDK2 as a direct target of curcumin in colon cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Gyu Lim
- University of Minnesota, 801 16th Avenue NE, Austin, MN 55912. Phone: 507-437-9600; Fax: 507-437-9606; ; and Ki Won Lee, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Kim MS, Kim JE, Lim DY, Huang Z, Chen H, Langfald A, Lubet RA, Grubbs CJ, Dong Z, Bode AM. Naproxen induces cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis in human urinary bladder cancer cell lines and chemically induced cancers by targeting PI3K. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2013; 7:236-45. [PMID: 24327721 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-13-0288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Naproxen [(S)-6-methoxy-α-methyl-2-naphthaleneacetic acid] is a potent nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug that inhibits both COX-1 and COX-2 and is widely used as an over-the-counter medication. Naproxen exhibits analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory activities. Naproxen, as well as other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, has been reported to be effective in the prevention of urinary bladder cancer in rodents. However, potential targets other than the COX isozymes have not been reported. We examined potential additional targets in urinary bladder cancer cells and in rat bladder cancers. Computer kinase profiling results suggested that phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) is a potential target for naproxen. In vitro kinase assay data revealed that naproxen interacts with PI3K and inhibits its kinase activity. Pull-down binding assay data confirmed that PI3K directly binds with naproxen in vitro and ex vivo. Western blot data showed that naproxen decreased phosphorylation of Akt, and subsequently decreased Akt signaling in UM-UC-5 and UM-UC-14 urinary bladder cancer cells. Furthermore, naproxen suppressed anchorage-independent cell growth and decreased cell viability by targeting PI3K in both cell lines. Naproxen caused an accumulation of cells at the G1 phase mediated through cyclin-dependent kinase 4, cyclin D1, and p21. Moreover, naproxen induced significant apoptosis, accompanied with increased levels of cleaved caspase-3, caspase-7, and PARP in both cell types. Naproxen-induced cell death was mainly because of apoptosis in which a prominent downregulation of Bcl-2 and upregulation of Bax were involved. Naproxen also caused apoptosis and inhibited Akt phosphorylation in rat urinary bladder cancers induced by N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)-nitrosamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Sung Kim
- The Hormel Institute University of Minnesota, 801 16th Avenue NE, Austin, MN 55912.
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Yao K, Ki MO, Chen H, Cho YY, Kim SH, Yu DH, Lee SY, Lee KY, Bae K, Peng C, Lim DY, Bode AM, Dong Z. JNK1 and 2 play a negative role in reprogramming to pluripotent stem cells by suppressing Klf4 activity. Stem Cell Res 2013; 12:139-52. [PMID: 24211391 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2013.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2012] [Revised: 10/01/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Embryonic stem (ES) cells are pluripotent cells with the capacity for unlimited self-renewal or differentiation. Inhibition of MAPK pathways enhances mouse ES cell pluripotency characteristics. Compared to wildtype ES cells, jnk2(-/-) ES cells displayed a much higher growth rate. To determine whether JNKs are required for stem cell self-renewal or differentiation, we performed a phosphorylation kinase array assay to compare mouse ES cells under LIF+ or LIF- culture conditions. The data showed that activation of JNKs was induced by LIF withdrawal. We also found that JNK1 or 2 phosphorylated Klf4 at threonines 224 and 225. Activation of JNK signaling and phosphorylation of Klf4 inhibited Klf4 transcription and transactivation activity. Importantly, jnk1(-/-) and jnk2(-/-) murine embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) exhibited a significantly greater potency in the ability to increase the number of iPS colonies compared with jnk wildtype MEFs. Overall, our results demonstrated that JNK1 and 2 play a negative role in reprogramming to pluripotent stem cells by suppressing Klf4 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Yao
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801, 16th Ave, NE, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Myoung Ok Ki
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801, 16th Ave, NE, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Hanyong Chen
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801, 16th Ave, NE, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Yong-Yeon Cho
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801, 16th Ave, NE, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Sung-Hyun Kim
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801, 16th Ave, NE, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Dong Hoon Yu
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801, 16th Ave, NE, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Sung-Young Lee
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801, 16th Ave, NE, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Kun-Yeong Lee
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801, 16th Ave, NE, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Kibeom Bae
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801, 16th Ave, NE, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Cong Peng
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801, 16th Ave, NE, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Do Young Lim
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801, 16th Ave, NE, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Ann M Bode
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801, 16th Ave, NE, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Zigang Dong
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801, 16th Ave, NE, Austin, MN 55912, USA
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Lim DY, Malakhova M, Kurinov I, Shin SH, Lee MH, Bode AM, Dong Z. Abstract 2234: Catechol suppresses EGF-induced cell transformation by inhibiting ERK2 activity as confirmed by a crystallographic study. Cancer Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2013-2234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Catechol (pyrocathechol, 1,2-dihydroxybenzene) is a chemical that is used by industry in the manufacture of certain products. It also occurs naturally in many fruits such as apple, apricot, grape, bananas, pear, plum, mango, avocado, potato, and mushrooms. Browning of fruit occurs because of a chemical reaction between catechol and oxygen. Even though, catechol has toxicity at a high dose as shown by an in vivo study, the Environmental Protection Agency has not classified catechol with respect to potential carcinogenicity. Whether a lower concentration (< 40 μM) of catechol treatment has effects on carcinogenesis is not known. We found that catechol binds to ERK2 and inhibits its activity. The extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) belong to the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase family, and regulate important biological processes such as cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, and transcription regulation. ERK2 is activated in response of UV, cytokines and growth factors, such as epidermal growth factor (EGF) and insulin-like growth factor. Constitutive activation of ERK2 is observed in many human cancers such as colon, breast, lung and skin cancers. In this study we present the co-crystal structure of ERK2 bound with catechol in the ATP-active site. The conserved amino acid residues within the hinge region that are involved in the interaction of ERK and its inhibitors make the contacts with catechol. Contacts include side chain of Q105, and the main chains of the D106 and M108 residues. We found that catechol inhibits ERK2 in vitro kinase activity more than two-fold at a 20 μM concentration. This was confirmed by the observed decrease of the phosphorylation of Elk1, a specific downstream target of ERK2. In addition, 20 μM catechol inhibited EGF-induced JB6 cell transformation. Interestingly, JB6 cell proliferation was not affected at 20 μM concentration. Taken together, the results showed that catechol inhibits EGF-induced cell transformation without any toxicity through the inhibition of ERK2 activity.
Citation Format: Do Young Lim, Margarita Malakhova, Igor Kurinov, Seung Ho Shin, Mee-Hyun Lee, Ann M. Bode, Zigang Dong. Catechol suppresses EGF-induced cell transformation by inhibiting ERK2 activity as confirmed by a crystallographic study. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2234. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-2234
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ann M. Bode
- 1Univ. of Minnesota Hormel Inst., Austin, MN
| | - Zigang Dong
- 1Univ. of Minnesota Hormel Inst., Austin, MN
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Xie H, Lee MH, Zhu F, Reddy K, Huang Z, Kim DJ, Li Y, Peng C, Lim DY, Kang S, Jung SK, Li X, Li H, Ma W, Lubet RA, Ding J, Bode AM, Dong Z. Discovery of the novel mTOR inhibitor and its antitumor activities in vitro and in vivo. Mol Cancer Ther 2013; 12:950-8. [PMID: 23536724 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-12-1241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3-K)/Akt and mTOR signaling pathway plays a critical role in cell survival and proliferation and is often aberrantly activated in many types of cancer. The mTOR kinase protein, one of the key molecules in this pathway, has been shown to be an important target for cancer therapy. In the present study, a ligand docking method was used to screen for novel scaffold mTOR inhibitors. Sixty thousand compounds in the Natural Product Database were screened against the mTOR homologous structure, and 13 commercially available compounds listed in the top-ranked 100 compounds were selected for further examination. Compound [(E)-3-(4-(benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-2-oxobut-3-en-1-yl)- 3-hydroxyindolin-2-one; designated herein as 3HOI-BA-01] was then selected for further study of its antitumor activity. An in vitro study has shown that 3HOI-BA-01 inhibited mTOR kinase activity in a dose-dependent manner by directly binding with mTOR. In a panel of non-small cell lung cancer cells, the compound also attenuated mTOR downstream signaling, including the phosphorylation of p70S6K, S6, and Akt, resulting in G1 cell-cycle arrest and growth inhibition. Results of an in vivo study have shown that intraperitoneal injection of 3HOI-BA-01 in A549 lung tumor-bearing mice effectively suppressed cancer growth without affecting the body weight of the mice. The expression of downstream signaling molecules in the mTOR pathway in tumor tissues was also reduced after 3HOI-BA-01 treatment. Taken together, we identified 3HOI-BA-01 as a novel and effective mTOR inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Xie
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
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Kim DJ, Lee MH, Reddy K, Li Y, Lim DY, Xie H, Lee SY, Yeom YI, Bode AM, Dong Z. CInQ-03, a novel allosteric MEK inhibitor, suppresses cancer growth in vitro and in vivo. Carcinogenesis 2013; 34:1134-43. [PMID: 23354306 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgt015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 and 2 signaling pathway is a major component of the RAS (Rat sarcoma)/RAF (Radpidly accelerated fibrosarcoma)/MEK (mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase)/ERKs (Extracellular signal-regulated kinases) signaling axis that regulates tumorigenesis and cancer cell growth. MEK is frequently activated in various cancers that have mutations in the KRAS and BRAF oncogenes. Therefore, MEK has been suggested as a therapeutic target for inhibitor development against tumors that are dependent on the activating mutations in mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling. Herein, we report the discovery of three novel MEK inhibitors, herein referred to as CInQ-01, CInQ-03 and CInQ-06. All three inhibitors were highly effective in suppressing MEK1 and MEK2 in vitro kinase activity as well as anchorage-dependent and anchorage-independent cell growth. The inhibitory activity was associated with markedly reduced phosphorylation of ERKs and ribosomal S6 kinases. Furthermore, administration of CInQ-03 inhibited colon cancer cell growth in an in vivo xenograft mouse model and showed no skin toxicity. Overall, these results suggest that these novel MEK inhibitors might be used for chemotherapy or prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Joon Kim
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
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Xie H, Lee MH, Zhu F, Reddy K, Peng C, Li Y, Lim DY, Kim DJ, Li X, Kang S, Li H, Ma W, Lubet RA, Ding J, Bode AM, Dong Z. Identification of an Aurora kinase inhibitor specific for the Aurora B isoform. Cancer Res 2012; 73:716-24. [PMID: 23117881 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-12-2784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Aurora kinases play an important role in chromosome alignment, segregation, and cytokinesis during mitosis. In the present study, we used a ligand docking method to explore the novel scaffold of potential Aurora B inhibitors. One thousand compounds from our in-house compound library were screened against the Aurora B structure and one compound, (E)-3-((E)-4-(benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)-2-oxobut-3-en-1-ylidene)indolin-2-one (designated herein as HOI-07) was selected for further study. HOI-07 potently inhibited in vitro Aurora B kinase activity in a dose-dependent manner, without obvious inhibition of another 49 kinases, including Aurora A. This compound suppressed Aurora B kinase activity in lung cancer cells, evidenced by the inhibition of the phosphorylation of histone H3 on Ser10 in a dose- and time-dependent manner. This inhibition resulted in apoptosis induction, G(2)-M arrest, polyploidy cells, and attenuation of cancer cell anchorage-independent growth. Moreover, knocking down the expression of Aurora B effectively reduced the sensitivity of cancer cells to HOI-07. Results of an in vivo xenograft mouse study showed that HOI-07 treatment effectively suppressed the growth of A549 xenografts, without affecting the body weight of mice. The expression of phospho-histone H3, phospho-Aurora B, and Ki-67 was also suppressed in the HOI-07 treatment group. Taken together, we identified HOI-07 as a specific Aurora B inhibitor, which deserves further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Xie
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota 55912, USA
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Xie H, Zhu F, Huang Z, Lee MH, Kim DJ, Li X, Lim DY, Jung SK, Kang S, Li H, Reddy K, Wang L, Ma W, Lubet RA, Bode AM, Dong Z. Identification of mammalian target of rapamycin as a direct target of fenretinide both in vitro and in vivo. Carcinogenesis 2012; 33:1814-21. [PMID: 22798378 PMCID: PMC3515856 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgs234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
N-(4-hydroxyphenyl) retinamide (4HPR, fenretinide) is a synthetic
retinoid that has been tested in clinical trials as a cancer therapeutic and
chemopreventive agent. Although 4HPR has been shown to be cytotoxic to many kinds of
cancer cells, the underlying molecular mechanisms are only partially understood. Until
now, no direct cancer-related molecular target has been reported to be involved in the
antitumor activities of 4HPR. Herein, we found that 4HPR inhibited mammalian target of
rapamycin (mTOR) kinase activity by directly binding with mTOR, which suppressed the
activities of both the mTORC1 and the mTORC2 complexes. The predicted binding mode of 4HPR
with mTOR was based on a homology computer model, which showed that 4HPR could bind in the
ATP-binding pocket of the mTOR protein through hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic
interactions. In vitro studies also showed that 4HPR attenuated mTOR
downstream signaling in a panel of non-small-cell lung cancer cells, resulting in growth
inhibition. Moreover, knockdown of mTOR in cancer cells decreased their sensitivity to
4HPR. Results of an in vivo study demonstrated that i.p. injection of
4HPR in A549 lung tumor-bearing mice effectively suppressed cancer growth. The expression
of mTOR downstream signaling molecules in tumor tissues was also decreased after 4HPR
treatment. Taken together, our results are the first to identify mTOR as a direct
antitumor target of 4HPR both in vitro and in vivo,
providing a valuable rationale for guiding the clinical uses of 4HPR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Xie
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota 55912-3679, USA
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Cho HJ, Jung JI, Lim DY, Kwon GT, Her S, Park JH, Park JHY. Bone marrow-derived, alternatively activated macrophages enhance solid tumor growth and lung metastasis of mammary carcinoma cells in a Balb/C mouse orthotopic model. Breast Cancer Res 2012; 14:R81. [PMID: 22616919 PMCID: PMC3446344 DOI: 10.1186/bcr3195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2012] [Revised: 04/14/2012] [Accepted: 05/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tumor-associated macrophages, which are derived from the infiltration of circulating bone marrow-derived monocytes, consist primarily of a polarized M2 macrophage (M2-Mϕ) population and are associated with poor prognosis in various cancers. In the present study, we attempted to assess whether M2-Mϕs derived from bone marrow stimulate the promotion and progression of mammary tumors. METHODS 4T1 murine mammary carcinoma cells were injected either alone or coupled with M2-Mϕs into the mammary fat pads of syngeneic female Balb/C mice. M2-Mϕs were prepared by treating monocytes isolated from female Balb/C mouse bone marrow with IL-4. Tumor cell growth was determined using an in vivo imaging system and the expression of cell proliferation-related, angiogenesis-related, and lymphangiogenesis-related proteins in tumor tissues was immunohistochemically analyzed. To evaluate the effects of the crosstalk between 4T1 cells and M2-Mϕs on the secretion and mRNA expression of cytokines and the migration of monocytes, 4T1 cells and M2-Mϕs were co-cultured and cytokine antibody array, real-time RT-PCR, and trans-well migration assays were conducted. RESULTS The co-injection of M2-Mϕs into the mammary fat pads of mice increased solid tumor growth and lung metastasis of 4T1 cells as well as the infiltration of CD45+ leukocytes into tumor tissues. The proportions of Ki-67+ proliferating cells and the expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1α, vascular endothelial cell growth factor A, CD31, vascular endothelial cell growth factor C, and lymphatic vessel endothelial receptor-1 were increased significantly in the tumor tissues of mice co-injected with 4T1 cells and M2-Mϕs. The in vitro results revealed that the proliferation of 4T1 cells, the migration of monocytes, and the secretion of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, IFNγ, IL-1α, IL-2, IL-16, IFNγ-induced protein-10, keratinocyte-derived chemokine, macrophage colony-stimulating factor, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, macrophage inflammatory protein-1α, and RANTES were increased when 4T1 cells were co-cultured with M2-Mϕs, as compared with when the 4T1 cells were cultured alone. CONCLUSION The crosstalk between 4T1 cells and M2-Mϕs increased the production of cytokines, which may have induced immune cell infiltration into tumor tissues, tumor cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and lymph angiogenesis, thereby increasing solid tumor growth and lung metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Jin Cho
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 200-702, Korea.
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Lim DY, Cho HJ, Kim J, Nho CW, Lee KW, Park JHY. Luteolin decreases IGF-II production and downregulates insulin-like growth factor-I receptor signaling in HT-29 human colon cancer cells. BMC Gastroenterol 2012; 12:9. [PMID: 22269172 PMCID: PMC3298530 DOI: 10.1186/1471-230x-12-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2011] [Accepted: 01/23/2012] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Luteolin is a 3',4',5,7-tetrahydroxyflavone found in various fruits and vegetables. We have shown previously that luteolin reduces HT-29 cell growth by inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. The objective of this study was to examine whether luteolin downregulates the insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-IR) signaling pathway in HT-29 cells. Methods In order to assess the effects of luteolin and/or IGF-I on the IGF-IR signaling pathway, cells were cultured with or without 60 μmol/L luteolin and/or 10 nmol/L IGF-I. Cell proliferation, DNA synthesis, and IGF-IR mRNA levels were evaluated by a cell viability assay, [3H]thymidine incorporation assays, and real-time polymerase chain reaction, respectively. Western blot analyses, immunoprecipitation, and in vitro kinase assays were conducted to evaluate the secretion of IGF-II, the protein expression and activation of IGF-IR, and the association of the p85 subunit of phophatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) with IGF-IR, the phosphorylation of Akt and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2, and cell division cycle 25c (CDC25c), and PI3K activity. Results Luteolin (0 - 60 μmol/L) dose-dependently reduced the IGF-II secretion of HT-29 cells. IGF-I stimulated HT-29 cell growth but did not abrogate luteolin-induced growth inhibition. Luteolin reduced the levels of the IGF-IR precursor protein and IGF-IR transcripts. Luteolin reduced the IGF-I-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of IGF-IR and the association of p85 with IGF-IR. Additionally, luteolin inhibited the activity of PI3K activity as well as the phosphorylation of Akt, ERK1/2, and CDC25c in the presence and absence of IGF-I stimulation. Conclusions The present results demonstrate that luteolin downregulates the activation of the PI3K/Akt and ERK1/2 pathways via a reduction in IGF-IR signaling in HT-29 cells; this may be one of the mechanisms responsible for the observed luteolin-induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do Young Lim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 200-702, Korea
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Park H, Kim M, Kwon GT, Lim DY, Yu R, Sung MK, Lee KW, Daily JW, Park JHY. A high-fat diet increases angiogenesis, solid tumor growth, and lung metastasis of CT26 colon cancer cells in obesity-resistant BALB/c mice. Mol Carcinog 2011; 51:869-80. [PMID: 21919080 DOI: 10.1002/mc.20856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2011] [Revised: 07/31/2011] [Accepted: 08/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated whether high-fat diet (HFD), in the absence of increased calorie intake, increases colon cancer growth and metastasis. Four-week-old male BALB/c mice were fed on an HFD (60 kcal% fat) or control diet (10 kcal% fat) for 16 wk, after which CT26 colon cancer cells were subcutaneously injected into the right flank. Solid tumor growth and the number and volume of tumor nodules in the lung were increased markedly in the HFD group with only a slight increase in body weight (5.9%). HFD feeding increased tumor tissue levels of Ki67, cyclin A, cyclin D1, CDK2, Bcl-xL, and Bcl-2; reduced p53 levels and TUNEL-positive apoptotic cells; increased the levels of CD45, CD68, CD31, VEGF, P-VEGF receptor-2, iNOS, and COX-2 as well as hemoglobin content; and increased the levels of HIF-1α, P-STAT3-Y705, P-STAT3-S727, P-IκB-α, P-p65, p65, P-c-Jun, P-Akt, P-ERK1/2, P-p38, and P-SAPK/JNK. HFD feeding increased the serum levels of EGF, insulin, IGF-I, IFN-γ, leptin, RANTES, MCP-1, IL-1ra, and SDF-1α and media conditioned by epididymal fat tissue explants from HFD-fed mice caused an increase in microvessel outgrowth from the mouse aorta and tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. These results indicate that the chronic consumption of an HFD increases colon cancer cell proliferation, tumor angiogenesis, and lung metastasis in mice in the absence of discernible weight gain. HFD feeding increases the levels of growth factors which activate transcription factors, thereby inducing the expression of many genes involved in the stimulation of inflammation, angiogenesis, and cellular proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heesook Park
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition and Research Institute for Bioscience & Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea
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Park H, Lim DY, Kim M, Park JHY. Abstract 1823: Chronic consumption of a high-fat diet stimulates tumor growth and metastasis via the activation of key transcription factors in a CT26 mouse colon cancer allograft model. Cancer Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2011-1823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that dietary fat increased solid tumor growth and metastasis of CT26 colon cancer cells when injected subcutaneously into BALB/c mice. The present study examined the mechanisms by which high-fat diet (HFD) feeding stimulates tumor development and progression. 4-week old, male BALB/c mice were fed a purified diet containing 34.9% (w/w) fat or 4.3% fat (control diet) for a period of 16 weeks. After 16 weeks, CT26 cells were injected subcutaneously into the animals’ left flank. 4.5 weeks after cell injection, mice were killed. In the tumor tissues of mice fed on the HFD, the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) was increased markedly, which was accompanied by a marked increase in the expression of platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (CD31, an angiogenesis marker) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a down stream target gene product of HIF-1α. Conditioned media by explants of epididymal fat tissues from the HFD-fed mice caused an increase in microvessel outgrowth from the mouse aorta. The infiltration of macrophages was increased into tumor tissues of mice fed on the HFD. Additionally, the levels of chemoattractants and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-1ra, RANTES, MCP-1, SDF-1α, and leptin) were increased in the sera of the HFD group compared to the control group. The expression of p53, another downstream target gene of HIF-1α, was reduced and that of BCL-xL was increased in the tumor tissues obtained from the mice fed on the high-fat diet. These changes in p53 and Bcl-xL may have induced a reduction in the apoptosis of tumor cells in the mice fed on the HFD. In addition to changes in the expression of proteins involved in the regulation of apoptosis, the expression of the cell proliferation marker ki67 as well as that of other proteins involved in the stimulation of cell cycle progression, including cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)2, CDK4, cyclin D1, and cyclin A, was increased in the tumor tissues from mice fed on the HFD. The levels of phosphorylated ERK1/2, AKT, IκB-α, NFκB p65, VEGFR-2, c-Jun and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT3, pY705, pS727) were increased in the tumor tissues of HFD-fed mice. Together, these results suggest that, in obese mice, pro-angiogenic and pro-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines generated by adipose tissues stimulate tumor growth and macrophage infiltration into the tumor microenviroment, and thus play an important role in the activation of the key transcription factors HIF-1α, NFκB, and STAT3; this subsequently activates the transcription of many genes involved in the stimulation of inflammation, proliferation, and angiogenesis.
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1823. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1823
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Minhee Kim
- 1Hallym Univ., Chuncheon, Korea, Republic of
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Cho HJ, Lim DY, Jung JI, Her S, Park JHY. Abstract 465: Alternatively activated bone marrow-derived macrophages enhance tumor growth and metastasis in a 4T1 mammary cancer model. Cancer Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2011-465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Tumor microenvironment consists of a number of components including malignant cells, stromal cells, endothelial cells, infiltrating immune cells, and extracellular matrix. Because inflammation plays an important role in cancer development and progression, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) can be one of key regulators of tumor microenvironment. Recent evidence has shown that TAM is associated with poor prognosis in a variety of cancers, including breast, lung, and pancreatic cancer. TAMs account for up to 50% of the total tumor mass, resemble M2-macrophages, and exhibit a number of pro-tumoral functions, including the expression of growth factors and matrix proteases, the promotion of angiogenesis, and the suppression of adaptive immunity. In the present study, we examined the effect of M2 macrophages on the development of and metastasis of mammary cancer using a 4T1-orthotopic tumor model. Monocytes were isolated from mouse bone marrow and treated with IL-4 to induce differentiation into an M2 phenotype. In order to determine whether or not M2 microphages stimulate mammary cancer growth and progression, 4T1 mammary carcinoma cells were injected into the inguinal mammary fat pad of syngeneic BALB/C mice, either alone or coupled with bone marrow-derived alternatively-activated macrophages (BMDAM). Co-injection of 4T1 cells with BMDAM increased solid tumor volumes (at 2 weeks after inoculation) and lung metastasis (at 3 weeks after inoculation). We prepared 4T1-luc cells that stably express firefly luciferase which allows for direct examination of tumor growth in animals by estimating the luciferase activity of 4T1 cancer cells via an in vivo imaging system. Luminescence was quantified, and the results demonstrated that the accumulation of 4T1-luc cells was significantly more pronounced when 4T1 cells were co-injected with BMDAM. Immunohistochemical staining of tumor tissues revealed that the proportion of Ki67 (proliferation index)-positive cells was increased in tumor tissues when 4T1 cells were co-injected with BMDAM. We also observed that co-injection of BMDAM with 4T1 cells increased the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and CD31 (a glycoprotein expressed on endothelial cells and in platelets)-positive cells. These results indicate that TAM increases the proliferation of mammary tumor cells, which may lead to the stimulation of lung metastasis in the 4T1 mammary carcinoma model.
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 465. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-465
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Jin Cho
- 1Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea, Republic of
| | - Do Young Lim
- 1Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea, Republic of
| | - Jae In Jung
- 1Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea, Republic of
| | - Song Her
- 2Korea Basic Science Institute, Chuncheon, Korea, Republic of
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Koh MS, Kim SY, Lim DY, Moon A. Abstract 1076: Activation of H-Ras and Rac1 correlates with epidermal growth factor-induced breast cell invasion. Cancer Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2011-1076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
There are considerable experimental evidences that hyperactive Ras proteins promote breast cancer growth and development including invasiveness despite of low frequency of mutated forms of Ras in breast cancer. We have previously shown that H-Ras, but not N-Ras, induces an invasive phenotype mediated by small GTPase Rac1 in MCF10A human breast epithelial cells. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) plays important roles in aberrant growth and metastasis formation of many tumor types including breast cancer. Here, we investigated the involvement of H-Ras in the EGF-induced invasive ability of four different breast cancer cell lines. Upon EGF stimulation, H-Ras activation was increased in the invasive breast cancer cells, MDA-MB-231 and Hs578T cells, but not in non-invasive breast cancer cells, MDA-MB-453 and T47D cells. Using small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting H-Ras, we showed a crucial role of H-Ras in invasive phenotype induced by EGF in MDA-MB-231 and Hs578T cells. Moreover, knockdown of Rac1significantly inhibited the EGF-induced invasiveness in these cells. Taken together, our data demonstrate that the activation of H-Ras and its downstream molecule Rac1 correlates with breast cancer cell invasion induced by EGF, providing useful information on the regulation of malignant progression in mammary carcinoma. [This work was supported by the Korea government (Nos.ROA-2008-000-20070-0)]
Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1076. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1076
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Soo Koh
- 1Duksung Women's Univ., Seoul, Korea, Republic of
| | | | - Do Young Lim
- 2Hallym University, ChunCheon, Korea, Republic of
| | - Aree Moon
- 1Duksung Women's Univ., Seoul, Korea, Republic of
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Seon MR, Park SY, Kwon SJ, Lim SS, Choi HJ, Park H, Lim DY, Kim JS, Lee CH, Kim J, Park JHY. Hexane/ethanol extract of Glycyrrhiza uralensis and its active compound isoangustone A induce G1 cycle arrest in DU145 human prostate and 4T1 murine mammary cancer cells. J Nutr Biochem 2011; 23:85-92. [PMID: 21429724 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2010.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2010] [Revised: 09/03/2010] [Accepted: 11/11/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Although licorice is known to exert anticarcinogenic effects, it contains large quantities of glycyrrhizin (GL), which causes severe hypertension. We have previously demonstrated that the hexane/ethanol extract of Glycyrrhiza uralensis (HEGU) contains no detectable GL and suppresses doxorubicin-induced apoptosis in H9c2 rat cardiac myoblasts. The principal objective of this study was to determine whether and by what mechanism HEGU and its active component, isoangustone A, inhibit cell-cycle progression in DU145 human prostate and 4T1 mouse breast cancer cells. HEGU and isoangustone A dose-dependently decreased DNA synthesis and induced G1 phase arrest in both DU145 and 4T1 cells. HEGU and isoangustone A reduced the levels of CDK2 and CDK4 as well as cyclin A and cyclin D1 proteins, and also induced a decrease in CDK2 activity. The addition of HEGU to drinking water significantly suppressed the orthotopic growth of 4T1 allografts and the expression of the proliferating nuclear cell antigen, CDK2 and CDK4 proteins in the tumor tissues. These results demonstrate the potential of HEGU containing isoangustone A as an antitumor agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Ra Seon
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 200-702, Republic of Korea
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Lim DY, Lee HN, Park JHY. 3,3′‐Diindolylmethane (DIM) inhibits crosstalk between DU145 prostate cancer cells and THP‐1 monocytes
in vitro
and
in vivo. FASEB J 2010. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.24.1_supplement.lb323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Do Young Lim
- Food Science and NutritionHallym UniversityGangwonRepublic of Korea
| | - Han Na Lee
- Food Science and NutritionHallym UniversityGangwonRepublic of Korea
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Lee YM, Lim DY, Cho HJ, Seon MR, Kim JK, Lee BY, Park JHY. Piceatannol, a natural stilbene from grapes, induces G1 cell cycle arrest in androgen-insensitive DU145 human prostate cancer cells via the inhibition of CDK activity. Cancer Lett 2009; 285:166-73. [PMID: 19487074 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2009.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2009] [Revised: 05/08/2009] [Accepted: 05/10/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
We have examined whether and by what mechanism piceatannol inhibits cell cycle progression in DU145 cells. The treatment of cells with piceatannol for 24h resulted in an increase in the percentage of cells in G1 phase and dose-dependent decreases in [(3)H]thymidine incorporation, as well as in protein levels of cyclin A, cyclin D1, and cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)2 and CDK4. Piceatannol exerted no effect on the levels of p21(WAF1/CIP1) or p27(KIP1). Piceatannol reduced CDK4 and CDK2 activity. These results indicate that delaying G1 cell cycle progression contributes to the piceatannol-mediated inhibition of DU145 cell growth, which may be mediated via the inhibition of CDK activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeo Myeong Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 200-702, Republic of Korea
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Lee YM, Lim DY, Choi HJ, Jung JI, Chung WY, Park JHY. Induction of cell cycle arrest in prostate cancer cells by the dietary compound isoliquiritigenin. J Med Food 2009; 12:8-14. [PMID: 19298190 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2008.0039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Isoliquiritigenin (ISL), a flavonoid chalcone that is present in licorice, shallot, and bean sprouts, is known to have antitumorigenic activities. The present study examined whether ISL alters prostate cancer cell cycle progression. DU145 human and MatLyLu (MLL) rat prostate cancer cells were cultured with various concentrations of ISL. In both DU145 and MLL cells treated with ISL, the percentage of cells in the G1 phase increased, and the incorporation of [(3)H]thymidine decreased. ISL decreased the protein levels of cyclin D1, cyclin E, and cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4, whereas cyclin A and CDK2 expressions were unaltered in cells treated with ISL. The expression of the CDK inhibitor p27(KIP1) was increased in cells treated with 20 micromol/L ISL. In addition, treatment of cells with 20 micromol/L ISL for 24 hours led to G2/M cell cycle arrest. Cell division control (CDC) 2 protein levels remained unchanged. The protein levels of phospho-CDC2 (Tyr15) and cyclin B1 were increased, and the CDC25C level was decreased by ISL dose-dependently. We demonstrate that ISL promotes cell cycle arrest in DU145 and MLL cells, thereby providing insights into the mechanisms underlying its antitumorigenic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeo Myeong Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
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Choi HJ, Lim DY, Park JHY. Induction of G1 and G2/M cell cycle arrests by the dietary compound 3,3'-diindolylmethane in HT-29 human colon cancer cells. BMC Gastroenterol 2009; 9:39. [PMID: 19480695 PMCID: PMC2700124 DOI: 10.1186/1471-230x-9-39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2008] [Accepted: 05/29/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background 3,3'-Diindolylmethane (DIM), an indole derivative produced in the stomach after the consumption of broccoli and other cruciferous vegetables, has been demonstrated to exert anti-cancer effects in both in vivo and in vitro models. We have previously determined that DIM (0 – 30 μmol/L) inhibited the growth of HT-29 human colon cancer cells in a concentration-dependent fashion. In this study, we evaluated the effects of DIM on cell cycle progression in HT-29 cells. Methods HT-29 cells were cultured with various concentrations of DIM (0 – 30 μmol/L) and the DNA was stained with propidium iodide, followed by flow cytometric analysis. [3H]Thymidine incorporation assays, Western blot analyses, immunoprecipitation and in vitro kinase assays for cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) and cell division cycle (CDC)2 were conducted. Results The percentages of cells in the G1 and G2/M phases were dose-dependently increased and the percentages of cells in S phase were reduced within 12 h in DIM-treated cells. DIM also reduced DNA synthesis in a dose-dependent fashion. DIM markedly reduced CDK2 activity and the levels of phosphorylated retinoblastoma proteins (Rb) and E2F-1, and also increased the levels of hypophosphorylated Rb. DIM reduced the protein levels of cyclin A, D1, and CDK4. DIM also increased the protein levels of CDK inhibitors, p21CIP1/WAF1 and p27KIPI. In addition, DIM reduced the activity of CDC2 and the levels of CDC25C phosphatase and cyclin B1. Conclusion Here, we have demonstrated that DIM induces G1 and G2/M phase cell cycle arrest in HT-29 cells, and this effect may be mediated by reduced CDK activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Ju Choi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea.
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Lee YM, Cho HJ, Lim DY, Kim JK, Park JHY. Induction of cell cycle arrest in DU145 human prostate cancer cells by the dietary compound piceatannol. FASEB J 2008. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.22.1_supplement.700.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yeo Myeong Lee
- Food Science and NutritionHallym UniversityChuncheonRepublic of Korea
| | - Han Jin Cho
- Food Science and NutritionHallym UniversityChuncheonRepublic of Korea
| | - Do Young Lim
- Food Science and NutritionHallym UniversityChuncheonRepublic of Korea
| | - Jin Kyung Kim
- Food Science and NutritionHallym UniversityChuncheonRepublic of Korea
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Lu X, Jung JI, Cho HJ, Lim DY, Lee HS, Chun HS, Kwon DY, Park JHY. Fisetin inhibits the activities of cyclin-dependent kinases leading to cell cycle arrest in HT-29 human colon cancer cells. J Nutr 2005; 135:2884-90. [PMID: 16317137 DOI: 10.1093/jn/135.12.2884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fisetin, a natural flavonol present in edible vegetables, fruits, and wine, was reported to exert anticarcinogenic effects. The objective of the current study was to examine the effect of fisetin on the cell cycle progression of the human colon cancer cell line HT-29. HT-29 cells were cultured in serum-free medium with 0, 20, 40, or 60 micromol/L fisetin. Fisetin dose dependently inhibited both cell growth and DNA synthesis (P < 0.05), with a 79 +/- 1% decrease in cell number observed 72 h after the addition of 60 micromol/L fisetin. Perturbed cell cycle progression from the G(1) to S phase was observed at 8 h with 60 micromol/L fisetin treatment, whereas a G(2)/M phase arrest was observed after 24 h (P < 0.05). The phosphorylation state of the retinoblastoma proteins shifted from hyperphosphorylated to hypophosphorylated in cells treated with 40 micromol/L fisetin. (P < 0.05). Fisetin decreased the activities of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK)2 and CDK4; these effects were likely attributable to decreases in the levels of cyclin E and D1 and an increase in p21(CIP1/WAF1) levels (P < 0.05). However, fisetin also inhibited CDk4 activity in a cell-free system (P < 0.05), indicating that it may directly inhibit CDk4 activity. The protein levels of cell division cycles (CDC)2 and CDC25C and the activity of CDC2 were also decreased in fisetin-treated cells (P < 0.05). These results indicate that inhibition of cell cycle progression in HT-29 cells after treatment with fisetin can be explained, at least in part, by modification of CDK activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghua Lu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea
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Jang SJ, Kim JI, Lim DY. Influence of quinine on catecholamine release evoked by cholinergic stimulation and membrane depolarization from the rat adrenal gland. Arch Pharm Res 2001; 24:240-8. [PMID: 11440085 DOI: 10.1007/bf02978265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The present study was attempted to investigate the effect of quinine on secretion of catecholamines (CA) evoked by cholinergic stimulation and membrane depolarization from the isolated perfused rat adrenal gland. The perfusion of quinine (15-150 microM) into an adrenal vein for 60 min produced dose- and time-dependent inhibition in CA secretion evoked by ACh (5.32 x 10(-3) M), high K+ (5.6 x 10(-2) M), DMPP (10(-4) M for 2 min), McN-A-343 (10(-4) M for 2 min), cyclopiazonic acid (10(-5) M for 4 min) and Bay-K-8644 (10(-5) M for 4 min). Also, under the presence of pinacidil (10(-4) M), which is also known to be a selective potassium channel activator, CA secretory responses evoked by ACh, high potassium, DMPPF McN-A-343, Bay-K-8644 and cyclopiazonic acid were also greatly reduced. When preloaded along with quinine (5 x 10(-5) M) and glibenclamide (10(-6) M), a specific blocker of ATP-regulated potassium channels, CA secretory responses evoked by ACh, high potassium, DMPP, McN-A-343, Bay-K-8644 and cyclopiazonic acid were recovered as compared to those of quinine-treatment only. Taken together, these results demonstrate that quinine inhibits CA secretion evoked by stimulation of cholinergic (both nicotinic and muscarinic) receptors as well as by membrane depolarization through inhibiting influx of extracellular calcium and release in intracellular calcium in the rat adrenomedullary chromaffin cells. These findings suggest that activation of potassium channels may be involved at least in inhibitory action of quinine on CA secretion from the rat adrenal gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Jang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Kwangju, Korea
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Abstract
Soluble N-ethylmaleimide sensitive factor attachment protein receptors (SNAREs) are critical proteins in membrane fusion, in both regulated and constitutive vesicular traffic. In addition, proteins that interact with the SNAREs are thought to regulate fusion. Vesicle-associated membrane protein-2 (VAMP-2) is a SNARE protein involved in insulin-dependent glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) traffic. VAMP-2 is required for productive GLUT4 incorporation into the plasma membrane. VAMP-associated protein of 33 kDa (VAP-33) is an integral membrane protein that binds VAMPs in vitro, and is hypothesized to be a regulator of VAMPs. In L6 skeletal myoblasts, which display insulin-dependent traffic of GLUT4, we show that VAP-33 colocalized significantly with VAMP-2 using indirect confocal immunofluorescence and biochemical cosegregation. Overexpression of wild-type VAP-33 in L6 myoblasts attenuated the insulin-dependent incorporation of myc-tagged GLUT4 into the plasma membrane, and this response was restored by co-overexpression of VAMP-2 linked to green fluorescent protein. Antibodies to VAP-33 microinjected into 3T3-L1 adipocytes abrogated the insulin-stimulated translocation of GLUT4 to the plasma membrane, as measured in adhered plasma membrane lawns. Immunopurified VAMP-2-containing compartments from L6 myotubes and 3T3-L1 adipocytes showed significant levels of VAP-33. We propose that VAP-33 may be a regulator of VAMP-2 availability for GLUT4 traffic and other vesicle fusion events.
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Affiliation(s)
- L J Foster
- Cell Biology Programme, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada
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Lim DY, Park GH, Park SH. Inhibitory mechanism of pinacidil on catecholamine secretion from the rat perfused adrenal gland evoked by cholinergic stimulation and membrane depolarization. J Auton Pharmacol 2000; 20:123-32. [PMID: 11095550 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2680.2000.00171.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
1. The present study attempted to investigate the effect of potassium channel openers on secretion of catecholamines (CA) evoked by cholinergic stimulation and membrane depolarization from rat isolated perfused adrenal gland. 2. The perfusion of pinacidil (30-300 microM) into an adrenal vein for 20 min produced dose-dependent inhibition of CA secretion evoked by acetylcholine (ACh; 5.32 mM), high K+ (56 mM), 1,1-dimethyl-4-phenylpiperazinium iodide (DMPP; 100 microM for 2 min), 3-(m-chloro-phenyl-carbamoyl-oxy)-2-butynyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (McN-A-343; 100 microM for 2 min), cyclopiazonic acid (CPA; 10 microM for 4 min) and methyl-1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-3-nitro-4-(2-trifluoromethylphenyl)-pyri dine-5-carboxylate (Bay-K-8644; 10 microM for 4 min). 3. In the presence of minoxidil (100 microM), which is also known to be a potassium channel activator, CA secretory responses evoked by ACh, high potassium, DMPP, McN-A-343, Bay-K-8644 and CPA were also significantly depressed. 4. In adrenal glands preloaded with pinacidil (100 microM) in the presence of glibenclamide (GB; 1 microM), a specific blocker of ATP-regulated potassium channels, CA secretory responses evoked by ACh, high potassium, DMPP, McN-A-343, Bay-K-8644 and CPA were restored to a considerable extent of the control release as compared with that of pinacidil only. 5. These results suggest that pinacidil causes marked inhibition of CA secretion evoked by stimulation of cholinergic (both nicotinic and muscarinic) receptors, as well as by membrane depolarization, indicating that this effect may be mediated by inhibiting influx of extracellular calcium and release of intracellular calcium in the rat adrenomedullary chromaffin cells. Furthermore, these findings suggest that these potassium channel opener-sensitive membrane potassium channels also play a modulatory role in regulating CA secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Y Lim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Kwang Ju, Korea
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