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Bossuyt V, Provenzano E, Symmans WF, Webster F, Allison KH, Dang C, Helenice G, Kulka J, Lakhani SR, Moriya T, Quinn CM, Sapino A, Schnitt S, Sibbering DM, Slodkowska E, Yang W, Tan PH, Ellis I. A dedicated structured data set for reporting of invasive carcinoma of the breast in the setting of neoadjuvant therapy: recommendations from the International Collaboration on Cancer Reporting (ICCR). Histopathology 2024. [PMID: 38443320 DOI: 10.1111/his.15165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
AIMS The International Collaboration on Cancer Reporting (ICCR), a global alliance of major (inter-)national pathology and cancer organisations, is an initiative aimed at providing a unified international approach to reporting cancer. ICCR recently published new data sets for the reporting of invasive breast carcinoma, surgically removed lymph nodes for breast tumours and ductal carcinoma in situ, variants of lobular carcinoma in situ and low-grade lesions. The data set in this paper addresses the neoadjuvant setting. The aim is to promote high-quality, standardised reporting of tumour response and residual disease after neoadjuvant treatment that can be used for subsequent management decisions for each patient. METHODS The ICCR convened expert panels of breast pathologists with a representative surgeon and oncologist to critically review and discuss current evidence. Feedback from the international public consultation was critical in the development of this data set. RESULTS The expert panel concluded that a dedicated data set was required for reporting of breast specimens post-neoadjuvant therapy with inclusion of data elements specific to the neoadjuvant setting as core or non-core elements. This data set proposes a practical approach for handling and reporting breast resection specimens following neoadjuvant therapy. The comments for each data element clarify terminology, discuss available evidence and highlight areas with limited evidence that need further study. This data set overlaps with, and should be used in conjunction with, the data sets for the reporting of invasive breast carcinoma and surgically removed lymph nodes from patients with breast tumours, as appropriate. Key issues specific to the neoadjuvant setting are included in this paper. The entire data set is freely available on the ICCR website. CONCLUSIONS High-quality, standardised reporting of tumour response and residual disease after neoadjuvant treatment are critical for subsequent management decisions for each patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veerle Bossuyt
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elena Provenzano
- Department of Histopathology, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - W Fraser Symmans
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Fleur Webster
- International Collaboration on Cancer Reporting, Surry Hills, NSW, Australia
| | - Kimberly H Allison
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Chau Dang
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, West Harrison, NY, USA
| | - Gobbi Helenice
- Department of Surgical Clinic, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | - Janina Kulka
- Department of Pathology, Forensic and Insurance Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Sunil R Lakhani
- Centre for Clinical Research, and Pathology Queensland, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Takuya Moriya
- Department of Pathology, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Cecily M Quinn
- Department of Histopathology, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Anna Sapino
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Stuart Schnitt
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - D Mark Sibbering
- University Hospitals of Derby and Burton NHS Trust, Royal Derby Hospital, Derby, UK
| | - Elzbieta Slodkowska
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Ian Ellis
- Department of Histopathology, Nottingham City Hospital, London, UK
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Freeman K, Mansbridge A, Stobart H, Clements K, Wallis MG, Pinder SE, Kearins O, Shaaban AM, Kirwan CC, Wilkinson LS, Webb S, O'Sullivan E, Jenkins J, Wright S, Taylor K, Bailey C, Holcombe C, Wyld L, Edwards K, Jenkinson DJ, Sharma N, Provenzano E, Hilton B, Stallard N, Thompson AM, Taylor-Phillips S. Evidence-informed recommendations on managing breast screening atypia: perspectives from an expert panel consensus meeting reviewing results from the Sloane atypia project. Br J Radiol 2024; 97:324-330. [PMID: 38265306 DOI: 10.1093/bjr/tqad053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Evidence-based clinical guidelines are essential to maximize patient benefit and to reduce clinical uncertainty and inconsistency in clinical practice. Gaps in the evidence base can be addressed by data acquired in routine practice. At present, there is no international consensus on management of women diagnosed with atypical lesions in breast screening programmes. Here, we describe how routine NHS breast screening data collected by the Sloane atypia project was used to inform a management pathway that maximizes early detection of cancer and minimizes over-investigation of lesions with uncertain malignant potential. A half-day consensus meeting with 11 clinical experts, 1 representative from Independent Cancer Patients' Voice, 6 representatives from NHS England (NHSE) including from Commissioning, and 2 researchers was held to facilitate discussions of findings from an analysis of the Sloane atypia project. Key considerations of the expert group in terms of the management of women with screen detected atypia were: (1) frequency and purpose of follow-up; (2) communication to patients; (3) generalizability of study results; and (4) workforce challenges. The group concurred that the new evidence does not support annual surveillance mammography for women with atypia, irrespective of type of lesion, or woman's age. Continued data collection is paramount to monitor and audit the change in recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karoline Freeman
- Warwick Screening, Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Alice Mansbridge
- Warwick Screening, Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Hilary Stobart
- Independent Cancer Patients' Voice, London, EC1R 0LL, United Kingdom
| | - Karen Clements
- Screening Quality Assurance Service, NHS England, Birmingham, B2 4BH, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew G Wallis
- Cambridge Breast Unit and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah E Pinder
- School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Comprehensive Cancer Centre at Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Olive Kearins
- Screening Quality Assurance Service, NHS England, Birmingham, B2 4BH, United Kingdom
| | - Abeer M Shaaban
- Breast Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham and University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2GW, United Kingdom
| | - Cliona C Kirwan
- Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M20 4BX, United Kingdom
| | - Louise S Wilkinson
- Oxford Breast Imaging Service, Churchill Hospital, Oxford OX3 7LE, United Kingdom
| | - Sharon Webb
- Public Health Commissioning and Operations, Directorate of the Chief Operating Officer, NHS England, London, SE1 8UG, United Kingdom
| | - Emma O'Sullivan
- Public Health Commissioning and Operations, Directorate of the Chief Operating Officer, NHS England, London, SE1 8UG, United Kingdom
| | - Jacquie Jenkins
- Public Health Commissioning and Operations, Directorate of the Chief Operating Officer, NHS England, London, SE1 8UG, United Kingdom
| | - Suzanne Wright
- Public Health Commissioning and Operations, Directorate of the Chief Operating Officer, NHS England, London, SE1 8UG, United Kingdom
| | - Kathryn Taylor
- Cambridge Breast Unit and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Claire Bailey
- SW London Breast Screening Service, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, SW17 0QT, United Kingdom
| | - Chris Holcombe
- Association of Breast Surgery, Royal College of Surgeons of England, London WC2A 3PE, United Kingdom
| | - Lynda Wyld
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2RX, United Kingdom
| | - Kim Edwards
- Breast Test Wales, Public Health Wales, Llandudno LL30 1QY, United Kingdom
| | - David J Jenkinson
- Warwick Screening, Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Nisha Sharma
- Breast Screening Unit, Seacroft Hospital, Leeds LS14 6UH, United Kingdom
| | - Elena Provenzano
- Histopathology and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Bridget Hilton
- Screening Quality Assurance Service, NHS England, Birmingham, B2 4BH, United Kingdom
| | - Nigel Stallard
- Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Alastair M Thompson
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77005, United States
| | - Sian Taylor-Phillips
- Warwick Screening, Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
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Freeman K, Jenkinson D, Clements K, Wallis MG, Pinder SE, Provenzano E, Stobart H, Stallard N, Kearins O, Sharma N, Shaaban A, Kirwan CC, Hilton B, Thompson AM, Taylor-Phillips S. Atypia detected during breast screening and subsequent development of cancer: observational analysis of the Sloane atypia prospective cohort in England. BMJ 2024; 384:e077039. [PMID: 38302129 PMCID: PMC10831586 DOI: 10.1136/bmj-2023-077039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore how the number and type of breast cancers developed after screen detected atypia compare with the anticipated 11.3 cancers detected per 1000 women screened within one three year screening round in the United Kingdom. DESIGN Observational analysis of the Sloane atypia prospective cohort in England. SETTING Atypia diagnoses through the English NHS breast screening programme reported to the Sloane cohort study. This cohort is linked to the English Cancer Registry and the Mortality and Birth Information System for information on subsequent breast cancer and mortality. PARTICIPANTS 3238 women diagnosed as having epithelial atypia between 1 April 2003 and 30 June 2018. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Number and type of invasive breast cancers detected at one, three, and six years after atypia diagnosis by atypia type, age, and year of diagnosis. RESULTS There was a fourfold increase in detection of atypia after the introduction of digital mammography between 2010 (n=119) and 2015 (n=502). During 19 088 person years of follow-up after atypia diagnosis (until December 2018), 141 women developed breast cancer. Cumulative incidence of cancer per 1000 women with atypia was 0.95 (95% confidence interval 0.28 to 2.69), 14.2 (10.3 to 19.1), and 45.0 (36.3 to 55.1) at one, three, and six years after atypia diagnosis, respectively. Women with atypia detected more recently have lower rates of subsequent cancers detected within three years (6.0 invasive cancers per 1000 women (95% confidence interval 3.1 to 10.9) in 2013-18 v 24.3 (13.7 to 40.1) in 2003-07, and 24.6 (14.9 to 38.3) in 2008-12). Grade, size, and nodal involvement of subsequent invasive cancers were similar to those of cancers detected in the general screening population, with equal numbers of ipsilateral and contralateral cancers. CONCLUSIONS Many atypia could represent risk factors rather than precursors of invasive cancer requiring surgery in the short term. Women with atypia detected more recently have lower rates of subsequent cancers detected, which might be associated with changes to mammography and biopsy techniques identifying forms of atypia that are more likely to represent overdiagnosis. Annual mammography in the short term after atypia diagnosis might not be beneficial. More evidence is needed about longer term risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karoline Freeman
- Warwick Screening, Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - David Jenkinson
- Warwick Screening, Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Karen Clements
- Screening Quality Assurance Service, NHS England, Birmingham, UK
| | - Matthew G Wallis
- Cambridge Breast Unit and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sarah E Pinder
- School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- Comprehensive Cancer Centre at Guy's Hospital, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Elena Provenzano
- Histopathology and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Hilary Stobart
- Patient representative, Independent Cancer Patients' Voice, UK
| | - Nigel Stallard
- Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Olive Kearins
- Screening Quality Assurance Service, NHS England, Birmingham, UK
| | - Nisha Sharma
- Breast Screening Unit, Seacroft Hospital, York Road, Leeds, UK
| | - Abeer Shaaban
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Cliona Clare Kirwan
- Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Bridget Hilton
- Screening Quality Assurance Service, NHS England, Birmingham, UK
| | - Alastair M Thompson
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sian Taylor-Phillips
- Warwick Screening, Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
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4
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Carmona-Bozo JC, Manavaki R, Miller JL, Brodie C, Caracò C, Woitek R, Baxter GC, Graves MJ, Fryer TD, Provenzano E, Gilbert FJ. PET/MRI of hypoxia and vascular function in ER-positive breast cancer: correlations with immunohistochemistry. Eur Radiol 2023; 33:6168-6178. [PMID: 37166494 PMCID: PMC10415421 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-023-09572-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the relationship between indices of hypoxia and vascular function from 18F-fluoromisonidazole ([18F]-FMISO)-PET/MRI with immunohistochemical markers of hypoxia and vascularity in oestrogen receptor-positive (ER +) breast cancer. METHODS Women aged > 18 years with biopsy-confirmed, treatment-naïve primary ER + breast cancer underwent [18F]-FMISO-PET/MRI prior to surgery. Parameters of vascular function were derived from DCE-MRI using the extended Tofts model, whilst hypoxia was assessed using the [18F]-FMISO influx rate constant, Ki. Histological tumour sections were stained with CD31, hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α, and carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX). The number of tumour microvessels, median vessel diameter, and microvessel density (MVD) were obtained from CD31 immunohistochemistry. HIF-1α and CAIX expression were assessed using histoscores obtained by multiplying the percentage of positive cells stained by the staining intensity. Regression analysis was used to study associations between imaging and immunohistochemistry variables. RESULTS Of the lesions examined, 14/22 (64%) were ductal cancers, grade 2 or 3 (19/22; 86%), with 17/22 (77%) HER2-negative. [18F]-FMISO Ki associated negatively with vessel diameter (p = 0.03), MVD (p = 0.02), and CAIX expression (p = 0.002), whilst no significant relationships were found between DCE-MRI pharmacokinetic parameters and immunohistochemical variables. HIF-1α did not significantly associate with any PET/MR imaging indices. CONCLUSION Hypoxia measured by [18F]-FMISO-PET was associated with increased CAIX expression, low MVD, and smaller vessel diameters in ER + breast cancer, further corroborating the link between inadequate vascularity and hypoxia in ER + breast cancer. KEY POINTS • Hypoxia, measured by [18F]-FMISO-PET, was associated with low microvessel density and small vessel diameters, corroborating the link between inadequate vascularity and hypoxia in ER + breast cancer. • Increased CAIX expression was associated with higher levels of hypoxia measured by [18F]-FMISO-PET. • Morphologic and functional abnormalities of the tumour microvasculature are the major determinants of hypoxia in cancers and support the previously reported perfusion-driven character of hypoxia in breast carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia C Carmona-Bozo
- Department of Radiology, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Box 218 - Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Roido Manavaki
- Department of Radiology, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Box 218 - Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Jodi L Miller
- Cancer Research UK - Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Cara Brodie
- Cancer Research UK - Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Corradina Caracò
- Department of Radiology, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Box 218 - Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Ramona Woitek
- Department of Radiology, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Box 218 - Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Gabrielle C Baxter
- Department of Radiology, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Box 218 - Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Martin J Graves
- Department of Radiology, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Box 218 - Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Tim D Fryer
- Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Box 65 - Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Elena Provenzano
- Cancer Research UK - Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
- Cambridge Breast Unit, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Box 97 - Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Fiona J Gilbert
- Department of Radiology, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Box 218 - Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.
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Tarantino P, Viale G, Press MF, Hu X, Penault-Llorca F, Bardia A, Batistatou A, Burstein HJ, Carey LA, Cortes J, Denkert C, Diéras V, Jacot W, Koutras AK, Lebeau A, Loibl S, Modi S, Mosele MF, Provenzano E, Pruneri G, Reis-Filho JS, Rojo F, Salgado R, Schmid P, Schnitt SJ, Tolaney SM, Trapani D, Vincent-Salomon A, Wolff AC, Pentheroudakis G, André F, Curigliano G. ESMO expert consensus statements (ECS) on the definition, diagnosis, and management of HER2-low breast cancer. Ann Oncol 2023; 34:645-659. [PMID: 37269905 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2023.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-low breast cancer has recently emerged as a targetable subset of breast tumors, based on the evidence from clinical trials of novel anti-HER2 antibody-drug conjugates. This evolution has raised several biological and clinical questions, warranting the establishment of consensus to optimally treat patients with HER2-low breast tumors. Between 2022 and 2023, the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) held a virtual consensus-building process focused on HER2-low breast cancer. The consensus included a multidisciplinary panel of 32 leading experts in the management of breast cancer from nine different countries. The aim of the consensus was to develop statements on topics that are not covered in detail in the current ESMO Clinical Practice Guideline. The main topics identified for discussion were (i) biology of HER2-low breast cancer; (ii) pathologic diagnosis of HER2-low breast cancer; (iii) clinical management of HER2-low metastatic breast cancer; and (iv) clinical trial design for HER2-low breast cancer. The expert panel was divided into four working groups to address questions relating to one of the four topics outlined above. A review of the relevant scientific literature was conducted in advance. Consensus statements were developed by the working groups and then presented to the entire panel for further discussion and amendment before voting. This article presents the developed statements, including findings from the expert panel discussions, expert opinion, and a summary of evidence supporting each statement.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Tarantino
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston; Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA; Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan
| | - G Viale
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - M F Press
- Department of Pathology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - X Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - F Penault-Llorca
- Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer Centre Jean PERRIN, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - A Bardia
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - A Batistatou
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - H J Burstein
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston; Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - L A Carey
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA
| | - J Cortes
- International Breast Cancer Center (IBCC), Pangaea Oncology, Quironsalud Group, Barcelona; Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Department of Medicine, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - C Denkert
- Philipps-University Marburg and University Hospital Marburg (UKGM), Marburg, Germany
| | - V Diéras
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre Eugène Marquis, Rennes
| | - W Jacot
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier University, INSERM U1194, Montpellier, France
| | - A K Koutras
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Patras, Greece
| | - A Lebeau
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg
| | - S Loibl
- German Breast Group/GBG Forschungs GmbH, Neu-Isenburg; Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - S Modi
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - M F Mosele
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institute Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - E Provenzano
- Department of Histopathology, Cambridge University NHS Foundation Trust and NIH Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - G Pruneri
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan; Department of Advanced Diagnostics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - J S Reis-Filho
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - F Rojo
- Department of Pathology, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz University Hospital-CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - R Salgado
- Department of Pathology, ZAS, Antwerp, Belgium; Division of Research, Peter Mac Callum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - P Schmid
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University London, London, UK
| | - S J Schnitt
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Breast Oncology Program, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA
| | - S M Tolaney
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston; Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - D Trapani
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan; European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - A Vincent-Salomon
- Department of Pathology, Diagnostic and Theranostic Medicine Division, Institut Curie, PSL University, Paris, France
| | - A C Wolff
- The Johns Hopkins Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, USA
| | | | - F André
- INSERM U981 - Molecular Predictors and New Targets in Oncology, PRISM Center for Precision Medicine, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - G Curigliano
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan; European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
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6
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Zaakouk M, Quinn C, Provenzano E, Boyd C, Callagy G, Elsheikh S, Flint J, Millican-Slater R, Gunavardhan A, Mir Y, Makhija P, Di Palma S, Pritchard S, Tanchel B, Rakha E, Atallah NM, Lee AHS, Pinder S, Shaaban AM. Concordance of HER2-low scoring in breast carcinoma among expert pathologists in the United Kingdom and the republic of Ireland -on behalf of the UK national coordinating committee for breast pathology. Breast 2023; 70:82-91. [PMID: 37419078 PMCID: PMC10382984 DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2023.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent clinical evidence showed that breast cancer with low HER2 expression levels responded to trastuzumab deruxtecan therapy. The HER2-low cancers comprise immunohistochemistry (IHC) score 1+ and 2+ ISH non-amplified tumours, currently classified as HER2 negative. Little data exists on the reproducibility of pathologists reporting of HER2-low cancer. PATIENT AND METHODS Sixteen expert pathologists of the UK National Coordinating Committee for Breast Pathology scored 50 digitally scanned HER2 IHC slides. The overall level of agreement, Fleiss multiple-rater kappa statistics and Cohen's Kappa were calculated. Cases with low concordance were re-scored by the same pathologists after a washout period. RESULTS Absolute agreement was achieved in 6% of cases, all of which scored 3+. Poor agreement was found in 5/50 (10%) of cases. This was due to heterogeneous HER2 expression, cytoplasmic staining and low expression spanning the 10% cut-off value. Highest concordance (86%) was achieved when scores were clustered as 0 versus others. Improvement in kappa of overall agreement was achieved when scores 1+ and 2+ were combined. Inter-observer agreement was moderate to substantial in the whole cohort but fair to moderate in the HER2-low group. Similarly, consensus-observer agreement was substantial to almost perfect in the whole cohort and moderate to substantial in the HER2-low group. CONCLUSION HER2-low breast cancer suffers from lower concordance among expert pathologists. While most cases can reproducibly be classified, a small proportion (10%) remained challenging. Refining the criteria for reporting and consensus scoring will help select appropriate patients for targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Zaakouk
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; Cancer Pathology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Cecily Quinn
- Department of Histopathology, St Vincent's University Hospital, Elm Park, Ireland; UCD School of Medicine, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Elena Provenzano
- Addenbrookes Hospital and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK; Department of Histopathology, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Clinton Boyd
- Histopathology, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, UK
| | - Grace Callagy
- Discipline of Pathology, University of Galway, School of Medicine, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, Galway, Ireland
| | - Soha Elsheikh
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK; Research Department of Pathology, University College London, Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Joe Flint
- Birmingham Tissue Analytics, University of Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Anu Gunavardhan
- Department of Histopathology, Glan Clwyd Hospital Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board, Bodelwyddan, UK
| | - Yasmeen Mir
- Pathology, Liverpool University Hospitals Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - Silvana Di Palma
- Cellular Pathology Department, Royal Surrey Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Guildford, UK
| | - Susan Pritchard
- Pathology, Wythenshawe Hospital Manchester Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Bruce Tanchel
- Cellular Pathology, Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Emad Rakha
- Histopathology Department, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, City Hospital Campus, Nottingham, UK
| | - Nehal M Atallah
- Histopathology Department, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, City Hospital Campus, Nottingham, UK; Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Egypt
| | - Andrew H S Lee
- Histopathology Department, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, City Hospital Campus, Nottingham, UK
| | - Sarah Pinder
- School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Abeer M Shaaban
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK; Cellular Pathology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
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Rakha EA, Tan PH, Quinn C, Provenzano E, Shaaban AM, Deb R, Callagy G, Starczynski J, Lee AHS, Ellis IO, Pinder SE. UK recommendations for HER2 assessment in breast cancer: an update. J Clin Pathol 2023; 76:217-227. [PMID: 36564170 DOI: 10.1136/jcp-2022-208632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The last UK breast cancer (BC) human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) testing guideline recommendations were published in 2015. Since then, new data and therapeutic strategies have emerged. The American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)/College of American Pathologists (CAP) published a focused update in 2018 that reclassified in situ hybridisation (ISH) Group 2 (immunohistochemistry (IHC) score 2+and HER2/chromosome enumeration probe 17 (CEP17) ratio ≥2.0 and HER2 copy number <4.0 signals/cell), as well as addressed other concerns raised by previous guidelines. The present article further refines UK guidelines, with specific attention to definitions of HER2 status focusing on eight key areas: (1) HER2 equivocal (IHC 2+) and assignment of the ASCO/CAP ISH group 2 tumours; (2) the definition of the group of BCs with low IHC scores for HER2 with emphasis on the distinction between IHC score 1+ (HER2-Low) from HER2 IHC score 0 (HER2 negative); (3) reporting cases showing HER2 heterogeneity; (4) HER2 testing in specific settings, including on cytological material; (5) repeat HER2 testing, (6) HER2 testing turnaround time targets; (7) the potential role of next generation sequencing and other diagnostic molecular assays for routine testing of HER2 status in BC and (8) use of image analysis to score HER2 IHC. The two tiered system of HER2 assessment remains unchanged, with first line IHC and then ISH limited to IHC equivocal cases (IHC score 2+) but emerging data on the relationship between IHC scores and levels of response to anti-HER2 therapy are considered. Here, we present the latest UK recommendations for HER2 status evaluation in BC, and where relevant, the differences from other published guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emad A Rakha
- Cellular Patthology Department, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | | | - Cecily Quinn
- Department of Histopathology, St Vincent's University Hospital, Elm Park and and UCD School of Medicine, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Elena Provenzano
- Department of Histopathology, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Abeer M Shaaban
- Department of Cellular Pathology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trusts and Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Rahul Deb
- Cellular Pathology, University Hospitals of Derby and Burton NHS Foundation Trust, Derby, UK
| | - Grace Callagy
- Discipline of Pathology, School of Medicine, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Jane Starczynski
- Department of Cellular Pathology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trusts, Birmingham, UK
| | - Andrew H S Lee
- Cellular Pathology Department, City Hospital, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Ian O Ellis
- Cellular Patthology Department, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Sarah E Pinder
- School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kings College London, London, UK
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Elghobashy M, Wahab L, Gunavardhan A, O'Sullivan E, Provenzano E, Deb R, Pritchard S, Di Palma S, Ellis IO, Boyd C, Pinder SE, Shaaban AM. Impact of COVID-19 on the practice of breast pathologists: a survey of breast pathologists in the UK and Ireland. J Clin Pathol 2023; 76:234-238. [PMID: 34620607 PMCID: PMC8507406 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2021-207725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS There is little information on the impact of COVID-19 on breast pathologists. This survey assessed the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on UK and Ireland-based breast pathologists to optimise working environments and ensure preparedness for potential future pandemics. METHODS A 35-question survey during the first wave of COVID-19 infections in the UK including questions on workload, working practices, professional development, training, health and safety and well-being was distributed to consultant breast pathologists and responses collected anonymously. RESULTS There were 135 responses from breast pathologists based in the UK and Ireland. Most participants (75.6%) stated that their workload had decreased and their productivity dropped. 86/135 (63.7%) were given the option of working from home and 36% of those who did reported improved efficiency. Multidisciplinary team meetings largely moved to virtual platforms (77.8%) with fewer members present (41.5%). Online education, including webinars and courses, was utilised by 92.6%. 16.3% of pathologists reported shortages of masks, visors or gowns as the the most common health and safety concern. COVID-19 had a significant negative impact on the physical and mental health of 33.3% of respondents. A small number of pathologists (10.4%) were redeployed and/or retrained. CONCLUSION The UK and Ireland breast pathologists adapted to the rapid change and maintained service delivery despite the significant impact of the pandemic on their working practices and mental health. It is important to apply flexible working patterns and environments that improve productivity and well-being. The changes suggested should be considered for long-term shaping of breast pathology services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirna Elghobashy
- University of Birmingham, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, Birmingham, UK
| | - Lutful Wahab
- Histopathology, West Hertfordshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Watford, UK
| | - Anu Gunavardhan
- Histopathology, Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board, Bangor, UK
| | | | | | - Rahul Deb
- Cellular Pathology, University Hospitals of Derby and Burton NHS Foundation Trust, Derby, UK
| | | | - Silvana Di Palma
- Histology, Royal Surrey County Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Guildford, UK
| | - Ian O Ellis
- Molecular Medical Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Clinton Boyd
- Histopathology, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, UK
| | - Sarah E Pinder
- Academic Oncology/Breast Pathology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Abeer M Shaaban
- Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Cellular Pathology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
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Zaakouk M, Van Bockstal M, Galant C, Callagy G, Provenzano E, Hunt R, D’Arrigo C, Badr NM, O’Sullivan B, Starczynski J, Tanchel B, Mir Y, Lewis P, Shaaban AM. Inter- and Intra-Observer Agreement of PD-L1 SP142 Scoring in Breast Carcinoma-A Large Multi-Institutional International Study. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15051511. [PMID: 36900303 PMCID: PMC10000421 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15051511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The assessment of PD-L1 expression in TNBC is a prerequisite for selecting patients for immunotherapy. The accurate assessment of PD-L1 is pivotal, but the data suggest poor reproducibility. A total of 100 core biopsies were stained using the VENTANA Roche SP142 assay, scanned and scored by 12 pathologists. Absolute agreement, consensus scoring, Cohen's Kappa and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were assessed. A second scoring round after a washout period to assess intra-observer agreement was carried out. Absolute agreement occurred in 52% and 60% of cases in the first and second round, respectively. Overall agreement was substantial (Kappa 0.654-0.655) and higher for expert pathologists, particularly on scoring TNBC (6.00 vs. 0.568 in the second round). The intra-observer agreement was substantial to almost perfect (Kappa: 0.667-0.956), regardless of PD-L1 scoring experience. The expert scorers were more concordant in evaluating staining percentage compared with the non-experienced scorers (R2 = 0.920 vs. 0.890). Discordance predominantly occurred in low-expressing cases around the 1% value. Some technical reasons contributed to the discordance. The study shows reassuringly strong inter- and intra-observer concordance among pathologists in PD-L1 scoring. A proportion of low-expressors remain challenging to assess, and these would benefit from addressing the technical issues, testing a different sample and/or referring for expert opinions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Zaakouk
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
- Cancer Pathology, National Cancer Institue, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, Egypt
| | - Mieke Van Bockstal
- Department of Pathology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc Bruxelles, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
- Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1348 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Christine Galant
- Department of Pathology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc Bruxelles, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
- Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1348 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Grace Callagy
- Discipline of Pathology, School of Medicine, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, University of Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
| | - Elena Provenzano
- NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- Department of Histopathology, Cambridge University NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Roger Hunt
- Department of Histopathology, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester M23 9LT, UK
| | | | - Nahla M. Badr
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom 32952, Egypt
| | - Brendan O’Sullivan
- Cellular Pathology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2GW, UK
| | - Jane Starczynski
- Cellular Pathology, Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham B9 5ST, UK
| | - Bruce Tanchel
- Cellular Pathology, Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham B9 5ST, UK
| | - Yasmeen Mir
- Pathology, Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals, Liverpool L7 8YE, UK
| | - Paul Lewis
- Medical School, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Abeer M. Shaaban
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
- Cellular Pathology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2GW, UK
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-121-371-3356
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Cserni B, Kilmartin D, O’Loughlin M, Andreu X, Bagó-Horváth Z, Bianchi S, Chmielik E, Figueiredo P, Floris G, Foschini MP, Kovács A, Heikkilä P, Kulka J, Laenkholm AV, Liepniece-Karele I, Marchiò C, Provenzano E, Regitnig P, Reiner A, Ryška A, Sapino A, Stovgaard ES, Quinn C, Zolota V, Webber M, Glynn SA, Bori R, Csörgő E, Oláh-Németh O, Pancsa T, Sejben A, Sejben I, Vörös A, Zombori T, Nyári T, Callagy G, Cserni G. ONEST (Observers Needed to Evaluate Subjective Tests) Analysis of Stromal Tumour-Infiltrating Lymphocytes (sTILs) in Breast Cancer and Its Limitations. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041199. [PMID: 36831541 PMCID: PMC9954449 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) reflect antitumour immunity. Their evaluation of histopathology specimens is influenced by several factors and is subject to issues of reproducibility. ONEST (Observers Needed to Evaluate Subjective Tests) helps in determining the number of observers that would be sufficient for the reliable estimation of inter-observer agreement of TIL categorisation. This has not been explored previously in relation to TILs. ONEST analyses, using an open-source software developed by the first author, were performed on TIL quantification in breast cancers taken from two previous studies. These were one reproducibility study involving 49 breast cancers, 23 in the first circulation and 14 pathologists in the second circulation, and one study involving 100 cases and 9 pathologists. In addition to the estimates of the number of observers required, other factors influencing the results of ONEST were examined. The analyses reveal that between six and nine observers (range 2-11) are most commonly needed to give a robust estimate of reproducibility. In addition, the number and experience of observers, the distribution of values around or away from the extremes, and outliers in the classification also influence the results. Due to the simplicity and the potentially relevant information it may give, we propose ONEST to be a part of new reproducibility analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bálint Cserni
- TNG Technology Consulting GmbH, Király u. 26., 1061 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Darren Kilmartin
- Discipline of Pathology, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, University of Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
| | - Mark O’Loughlin
- Discipline of Pathology, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, University of Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
| | - Xavier Andreu
- Pathology Department, Atryshealth Co., Ltd., 08039 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Zsuzsanna Bagó-Horváth
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Simonetta Bianchi
- Division of Pathological Anatomy, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Ewa Chmielik
- Tumor Pathology Department, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Paulo Figueiredo
- Laboratório de Anatomia Patológica, IPO Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Giuseppe Floris
- Laboratory of Translational Cell & Tissue Research and KU Leuven, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Department of Pathology, University Hospitals Leuven, University of Leuven, Oude Market 13, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maria Pia Foschini
- Unit of Anatomic Pathology, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bellaria Hospital, 40139 Bologna, Italy
| | - Anikó Kovács
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Päivi Heikkilä
- Department of Pathology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, 00029 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Janina Kulka
- Department of Pathology, Forensic and Insurance Medicine, Semmelweis University Budapest, Üllői út 93, 1091 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anne-Vibeke Laenkholm
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Zealand University Hospital, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Inta Liepniece-Karele
- Department of Pathology, Riga Stradins University, Riga East Clinical University Hospital, LV-1038 Riga, Latvia
| | - Caterina Marchiò
- Unit of Pathology, Candiolo Cancer Institute FPO-IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Elena Provenzano
- Department of Histopathology, Cambridge University Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Peter Regitnig
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Angelika Reiner
- Department of Pathology, Klinikum Donaustadt, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Aleš Ryška
- The Fingerland Department of Pathology, Charles University Medical Faculty and University Hospital, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Sapino
- Unit of Pathology, Candiolo Cancer Institute FPO-IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | | | - Cecily Quinn
- Department of Histopathology, Irish National Breast Screening Programme, BreastCheck, St. Vincent’s University Hospital and School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 T6F4 Dublin, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Vasiliki Zolota
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Rion, Greece
| | - Mark Webber
- Discipline of Pathology, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, University of Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
| | - Sharon A. Glynn
- Discipline of Pathology, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, University of Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
| | - Rita Bori
- Department of Pathology, Bács-Kiskun County Teaching Hospital, 6000 Kecskemét, Hungary
| | - Erika Csörgő
- Department of Pathology, Bács-Kiskun County Teaching Hospital, 6000 Kecskemét, Hungary
| | | | - Tamás Pancsa
- Department of Pathology, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Anita Sejben
- Department of Pathology, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - István Sejben
- Department of Pathology, Bács-Kiskun County Teaching Hospital, 6000 Kecskemét, Hungary
| | - András Vörös
- Department of Pathology, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Tamás Zombori
- Department of Pathology, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Tibor Nyári
- Department of Medical Physics and Informatics, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Grace Callagy
- Discipline of Pathology, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, University of Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland
| | - Gábor Cserni
- Department of Pathology, Bács-Kiskun County Teaching Hospital, 6000 Kecskemét, Hungary
- Department of Pathology, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
- Correspondence:
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Provenzano E, Toss A. Editorial: Women in breast cancer: 2021. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1115949. [PMID: 36910618 PMCID: PMC9997096 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1115949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Provenzano
- Department of Histopathology, Addenbrookes Hospital and Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre (NIHR), Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Angela Toss
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy.,Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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12
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Provenzano E, Shaaban AM. Pathology of neoadjuvant therapy and immunotherapy testing for breast cancer. Histopathology 2023; 82:170-188. [PMID: 36482270 DOI: 10.1111/his.14771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) has become the standard of care for high-risk breast cancer, including triple-negative (TNBC) and HER2-positive disease. As a result, handling and reporting of breast specimens post-NACT is part of routine practice, and it is important for pathologists to recognise the changes in tumour cells, tumour-associated stroma and background breast tissue induced by NACT. Familiarity with characteristic stromal features enables identification of the pre-treatment tumour site and allows confident diagnosis of pathological complete response (pCR) which is important for decisions concerning adjuvant therapy. Neoadjuvant endocrine therapy (NAET) is used less frequently than NACT; however, the SARS-COVID-19 pandemic has changed practice, with increased use as bridging therapy if surgery is delayed. NAET also induces characteristic changes in the tumour and stroma. Changes in the tumour microenvironment following NACT and NAET are also described. Immunotherapy is approved for use in advanced TNBC, and there are several trials exploring its role in early TNBC in the neoadjuvant setting. The current biomarker to determine eligibility for treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors is programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) immunohistochemistry; however, this is complicated by lack of standardisation with different drugs linked to tests using different antibodies with different scoring systems. The situation in the neoadjuvant setting is further complicated by improved pCR rates for PD-L1-positive tumours in both immune therapy and placebo arms. Alternative biomarkers are urgently needed to identify which patients will derive benefit from immunotherapy and key candidates are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Provenzano
- Department of Histopathology, Cambridge University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Abeer M Shaaban
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham and University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Gerstung M, Jolly C, Leshchiner I, Dentro SC, Gonzalez S, Rosebrock D, Mitchell TJ, Rubanova Y, Anur P, Yu K, Tarabichi M, Deshwar A, Wintersinger J, Kleinheinz K, Vázquez-García I, Haase K, Jerman L, Sengupta S, Macintyre G, Malikic S, Donmez N, Livitz DG, Cmero M, Demeulemeester J, Schumacher S, Fan Y, Yao X, Lee J, Schlesner M, Boutros PC, Bowtell DD, Zhu H, Getz G, Imielinski M, Beroukhim R, Sahinalp SC, Ji Y, Peifer M, Markowetz F, Mustonen V, Yuan K, Wang W, Morris QD, Spellman PT, Wedge DC, Van Loo P, Tarabichi M, Wintersinger J, Deshwar AG, Yu K, Gonzalez S, Rubanova Y, Macintyre G, Adams DJ, Anur P, Beroukhim R, Boutros PC, Bowtell DD, Campbell PJ, Cao S, Christie EL, Cmero M, Cun Y, Dawson KJ, Demeulemeester J, Donmez N, Drews RM, Eils R, Fan Y, Fittall M, Garsed DW, Getz G, Ha G, Imielinski M, Jerman L, Ji Y, Kleinheinz K, Lee J, Lee-Six H, Livitz DG, Malikic S, Markowetz F, Martincorena I, Mitchell TJ, Mustonen V, Oesper L, Peifer M, Peto M, Raphael BJ, Rosebrock D, Sahinalp SC, Salcedo A, Schlesner M, Schumacher S, Sengupta S, Shi R, Shin SJ, Spiro O, Pitkänen E, Pivot X, Piñeiro-Yáñez E, Planko L, Plass C, Polak P, Pons T, Popescu I, Potapova O, Prasad A, Stein LD, Preston SR, Prinz M, Pritchard AL, Prokopec SD, Provenzano E, Puente XS, Puig S, Puiggròs M, Pulido-Tamayo S, Pupo GM, Vázquez-García I, Purdie CA, Quinn MC, Rabionet R, Rader JS, Radlwimmer B, Radovic P, Raeder B, Raine KM, Ramakrishna M, Ramakrishnan K, Vembu S, Ramalingam S, Raphael BJ, Rathmell WK, Rausch T, Reifenberger G, Reimand J, Reis-Filho J, Reuter V, Reyes-Salazar I, Reyna MA, Wheeler DA, Reynolds SM, Rheinbay E, Riazalhosseini Y, Richardson AL, Richter J, Ringel M, Ringnér M, Rino Y, Rippe K, Roach J, Yang TP, Roberts LR, Roberts ND, Roberts SA, Robertson AG, Robertson AJ, Rodriguez JB, Rodriguez-Martin B, Rodríguez-González FG, Roehrl MHA, Rohde M, Yao X, Rokutan H, Romieu G, Rooman I, Roques T, Rosebrock D, Rosenberg M, Rosenstiel PC, Rosenwald A, Rowe EW, Royo R, Yuan K, Rozen SG, Rubanova Y, Rubin MA, Rubio-Perez C, Rudneva VA, Rusev BC, Ruzzenente A, Rätsch G, Sabarinathan R, Sabelnykova VY, Zhu H, Sadeghi S, Sahinalp SC, Saini N, Saito-Adachi M, Saksena G, Salcedo A, Salgado R, Salichos L, Sallari R, Saller C, Wang W, Salvia R, Sam M, Samra JS, Sanchez-Vega F, Sander C, Sanders G, Sarin R, Sarrafi I, Sasaki-Oku A, Sauer T, Morris QD, Sauter G, Saw RPM, Scardoni M, Scarlett CJ, Scarpa A, Scelo G, Schadendorf D, Schein JE, Schilhabel MB, Schlesner M, Spellman PT, Schlomm T, Schmidt HK, Schramm SJ, Schreiber S, Schultz N, Schumacher SE, Schwarz RF, Scolyer RA, Scott D, Scully R, Wedge DC, Seethala R, Segre AV, Selander I, Semple CA, Senbabaoglu Y, Sengupta S, Sereni E, Serra S, Sgroi DC, Shackleton M, Van Loo P, Shah NC, Shahabi S, Shang CA, Shang P, Shapira O, Shelton T, Shen C, Shen H, Shepherd R, Shi R, Spellman PT, Shi Y, Shiah YJ, Shibata T, Shih J, Shimizu E, Shimizu K, Shin SJ, Shiraishi Y, Shmaya T, Shmulevich I, Wedge DC, Shorser SI, Short C, Shrestha R, Shringarpure SS, Shriver C, Shuai S, Sidiropoulos N, Siebert R, Sieuwerts AM, Sieverling L, Van Loo P, Signoretti S, Sikora KO, Simbolo M, Simon R, Simons JV, Simpson JT, Simpson PT, Singer S, Sinnott-Armstrong N, Sipahimalani P, Aaltonen LA, Skelly TJ, Smid M, Smith J, Smith-McCune K, Socci ND, Sofia HJ, Soloway MG, Song L, Sood AK, Sothi S, Abascal F, Sotiriou C, Soulette CM, Span PN, Spellman PT, Sperandio N, Spillane AJ, Spiro O, Spring J, Staaf J, Stadler PF, Abeshouse A, Staib P, Stark SG, Stebbings L, Stefánsson ÓA, Stegle O, Stein LD, Stenhouse A, Stewart C, Stilgenbauer S, Stobbe MD, Aburatani H, Stratton MR, Stretch JR, Struck AJ, Stuart JM, Stunnenberg HG, Su H, Su X, Sun RX, Sungalee S, Susak H, Adams DJ, Suzuki A, Sweep F, Szczepanowski M, Sültmann H, Yugawa T, Tam A, Tamborero D, Tan BKT, Tan D, Tan P, Agrawal N, Tanaka H, Taniguchi H, Tanskanen TJ, Tarabichi M, Tarnuzzer R, Tarpey P, Taschuk ML, Tatsuno K, Tavaré S, Taylor DF, Ahn KS, Taylor-Weiner A, Teague JW, Teh BT, Tembe V, Temes J, Thai K, Thayer SP, Thiessen N, Thomas G, Thomas S, Ahn SM, Thompson A, Thompson AM, Thompson JFF, Thompson RH, Thorne H, Thorne LB, Thorogood A, Tiao G, Tijanic N, Timms LE, Aikata H, Tirabosco R, Tojo M, Tommasi S, Toon CW, Toprak UH, Torrents D, Tortora G, Tost J, Totoki Y, Townend D, Akbani R, Traficante N, Treilleux I, Trotta JR, Trümper LHP, Tsao M, Tsunoda T, Tubio JMC, Tucker O, Turkington R, Turner DJ, Akdemir KC, Tutt A, Ueno M, Ueno NT, Umbricht C, Umer HM, Underwood TJ, Urban L, Urushidate T, Ushiku T, Uusküla-Reimand L, Al-Ahmadie H, Valencia A, Van Den Berg DJ, Van Laere S, Van Loo P, Van Meir EG, Van den Eynden GG, Van der Kwast T, Vasudev N, Vazquez M, Vedururu R, Al-Sedairy ST, Veluvolu U, Vembu S, Verbeke LPC, Vermeulen P, Verrill C, Viari A, Vicente D, Vicentini C, VijayRaghavan K, Viksna J, Al-Shahrour F, Vilain RE, Villasante I, Vincent-Salomon A, Visakorpi T, Voet D, Vyas P, Vázquez-García I, Waddell NM, Waddell N, Wadelius C, Alawi M, Wadi L, Wagener R, Wala JA, Wang J, Wang J, Wang L, Wang Q, Wang W, Wang Y, Wang Z, Albert M, Waring PM, Warnatz HJ, Warrell J, Warren AY, Waszak SM, Wedge DC, Weichenhan D, Weinberger P, Weinstein JN, Weischenfeldt J, Aldape K, Weisenberger DJ, Welch I, Wendl MC, Werner J, Whalley JP, Wheeler DA, Whitaker HC, Wigle D, Wilkerson MD, Williams A, Alexandrov LB, Wilmott JS, Wilson GW, Wilson JM, Wilson RK, Winterhoff B, Wintersinger JA, Wiznerowicz M, Wolf S, Wong BH, Wong T, Ally A, Wong W, Woo Y, Wood S, Wouters BG, Wright AJ, Wright DW, Wright MH, Wu CL, Wu DY, Wu G, Alsop K, Wu J, Wu K, Wu Y, Wu Z, Xi L, Xia T, Xiang Q, Xiao X, Xing R, Xiong H, Alvarez EG, Xu Q, Xu Y, Xue H, Yachida S, Yakneen S, Yamaguchi R, Yamaguchi TN, Yamamoto M, Yamamoto S, Yamaue H, Amary F, Yang F, Yang H, Yang JY, Yang L, Yang L, Yang S, Yang TP, Yang Y, Yao X, Yaspo ML, Amin SB, Yates L, Yau C, Ye C, Ye K, Yellapantula VD, Yoon CJ, Yoon SS, Yousif F, Yu J, Yu K, Aminou B, Yu W, Yu Y, Yuan K, Yuan Y, Yuen D, Yung CK, Zaikova O, Zamora J, Zapatka M, Zenklusen JC, Ammerpohl O, Zenz T, Zeps N, Zhang CZ, Zhang F, Zhang H, Zhang H, Zhang H, Zhang J, Zhang J, Zhang J, Anderson MJ, Zhang X, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Zhao Z, Zheng L, Zheng X, Zhou W, Zhou Y, Zhu B, Ang Y, Zhu H, Zhu J, Zhu S, Zou L, Zou X, deFazio A, van As N, van Deurzen CHM, van de Vijver MJ, van’t Veer L, Antonello D, von Mering C, Anur P, Aparicio S, Appelbaum EL, Arai Y, Aretz A, Arihiro K, Ariizumi SI, Armenia J, Arnould L, Asa S, Assenov Y, Atwal G, Aukema S, Auman JT, Aure MRR, Awadalla P, Aymerich M, Bader GD, Baez-Ortega A, Bailey MH, Bailey PJ, Balasundaram M, Balu S, Bandopadhayay P, Banks RE, Barbi S, Barbour AP, Barenboim J, Barnholtz-Sloan J, Barr H, Barrera E, Bartlett J, Bartolome J, Bassi C, Bathe OF, Baumhoer D, Bavi P, Baylin SB, Bazant W, Beardsmore D, Beck TA, Behjati S, Behren A, Niu B, Bell C, Beltran S, Benz C, Berchuck A, Bergmann AK, Bergstrom EN, Berman BP, Berney DM, Bernhart SH, Beroukhim R, 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Chan-Seng-Yue M, Chandan VS, Chang DK, Chanock SJ, Chantrill LA, Chateigner A, Chatterjee N, Chayama K, Chen HW, Chen J, Chen K, Chen Y, Chen Z, Cherniack AD, Chien J, Chiew YE, Chin SF, Cho J, Cho S, Choi JK, Choi W, Chomienne C, Chong Z, Choo SP, Chou A, Christ AN, Christie EL, Chuah E, Cibulskis C, Cibulskis K, Cingarlini S, Clapham P, Claviez A, Cleary S, Cloonan N, Cmero M, Collins CC, Connor AA, Cooke SL, Cooper CS, Cope L, Corbo V, Cordes MG, Cordner SM, Cortés-Ciriano I, Covington K, Cowin PA, Craft B, Craft D, Creighton CJ, Cun Y, Curley E, Cutcutache I, Czajka K, Czerniak B, Dagg RA, Danilova L, Davi MV, Davidson NR, Davies H, Davis IJ, Davis-Dusenbery BN, Dawson KJ, De La Vega FM, De Paoli-Iseppi R, Defreitas T, Tos APD, Delaneau O, Demchok JA, Demeulemeester J, Demidov GM, Demircioğlu D, Dennis NM, Denroche RE, Dentro SC, Desai N, Deshpande V, Deshwar AG, Desmedt C, Deu-Pons J, Dhalla N, Dhani NC, Dhingra P, Dhir R, DiBiase A, Diamanti K, Ding L, Ding S, Dinh HQ, Dirix L, 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George J, Gerhard DS, Gerhauser C, Gershenwald JE, Gerstein M, Gerstung M, Getz G, Ghori M, Ghossein R, Giama NH, Gibbs RA, Gibson B, Gill AJ, Gill P, Giri DD, Glodzik D, Gnanapragasam VJ, Goebler ME, Goldman MJ, Gomez C, Gonzalez S, Gonzalez-Perez A, Gordenin DA, Gossage J, Gotoh K, Govindan R, Grabau D, Graham JS, Grant RC, Green AR, Green E, Greger L, Grehan N, Grimaldi S, Grimmond SM, Grossman RL, Grundhoff A, Gundem G, Guo Q, Gupta M, Gupta S, Gut IG, Gut M, Göke J, Ha G, Haake A, Haan D, Haas S, Haase K, Haber JE, Habermann N, Hach F, Haider S, Hama N, Hamdy FC, Hamilton A, Hamilton MP, Han L, Hanna GB, Hansmann M, Haradhvala NJ, Harismendy O, Harliwong I, Harmanci AO, Harrington E, Hasegawa T, Haussler D, Hawkins S, Hayami S, Hayashi S, Hayes DN, Hayes SJ, Hayward NK, Hazell S, He Y, Heath AP, Heath SC, Hedley D, Hegde AM, Heiman DI, Heinold MC, Heins Z, Heisler LE, Hellstrom-Lindberg E, Helmy M, Heo SG, Hepperla AJ, Heredia-Genestar JM, Herrmann C, Hersey P, Hess JM, Hilmarsdottir H, Hinton J, Hirano S, Hiraoka N, Hoadley KA, Hobolth A, Hodzic E, Hoell JI, Hoffmann S, Hofmann O, Holbrook A, Holik AZ, Hollingsworth MA, Holmes O, Holt RA, Hong C, Hong EP, Hong JH, Hooijer GK, Hornshøj H, Hosoda F, Hou Y, Hovestadt V, Howat W, Hoyle AP, Hruban RH, Hu J, Hu T, Hua X, Huang KL, Huang M, Huang MN, Huang V, Huang Y, Huber W, Hudson TJ, Hummel M, Hung JA, Huntsman D, Hupp TR, Huse J, Huska MR, Hutter B, Hutter CM, Hübschmann D, Iacobuzio-Donahue CA, Imbusch CD, Imielinski M, Imoto S, Isaacs WB, Isaev K, Ishikawa S, Iskar M, Islam SMA, Ittmann M, Ivkovic S, Izarzugaza JMG, Jacquemier J, Jakrot V, Jamieson NB, Jang GH, Jang SJ, Jayaseelan JC, Jayasinghe R, Jefferys SR, Jegalian K, Jennings JL, Jeon SH, Jerman L, Ji Y, Jiao W, Johansson PA, Johns AL, Johns J, Johnson R, Johnson TA, Jolly C, Joly Y, Jonasson JG, Jones CD, Jones DR, Jones DTW, Jones N, Jones SJM, Jonkers J, Ju YS, Juhl H, Jung J, Juul M, Juul RI, Juul S, Jäger N, Kabbe R, Kahles A, Kahraman A, Kaiser VB, Kakavand H, Kalimuthu S, von Kalle C, Kang KJ, Karaszi K, Karlan B, Karlić R, Karsch D, Kasaian K, Kassahn KS, Katai H, Kato M, Katoh H, Kawakami Y, Kay JD, Kazakoff SH, Kazanov MD, Keays M, Kebebew E, Kefford RF, Kellis M, Kench JG, Kennedy CJ, Kerssemakers JNA, Khoo D, Khoo V, Khuntikeo N, Khurana E, Kilpinen H, Kim HK, Kim HL, Kim HY, Kim H, Kim J, Kim J, Kim JK, Kim Y, King TA, Klapper W, Kleinheinz K, Klimczak LJ, Knappskog S, Kneba M, Knoppers BM, Koh Y, Komorowski J, Komura D, Komura M, Kong G, Kool M, Korbel JO, Korchina V, Korshunov A, Koscher M, Koster R, Kote-Jarai Z, Koures A, Kovacevic M, Kremeyer B, Kretzmer H, Kreuz M, Krishnamurthy S, Kube D, Kumar K, Kumar P, Kumar S, Kumar Y, Kundra R, Kübler K, Küppers R, Lagergren J, Lai PH, Laird PW, Lakhani SR, Lalansingh CM, Lalonde E, Lamaze FC, Lambert A, Lander E, Landgraf P, Landoni L, Langerød A, Lanzós A, Larsimont D, Larsson E, Lathrop M, Lau LMS, Lawerenz C, Lawlor RT, Lawrence MS, Lazar AJ, Lazic AM, Le X, Lee D, Lee D, Lee EA, Lee HJ, Lee JJK, Lee JY, Lee J, Lee MTM, Lee-Six H, Lehmann KV, Lehrach H, Lenze D, Leonard CR, Leongamornlert DA, Leshchiner I, Letourneau L, Letunic I, Levine DA, Lewis L, Ley T, Li C, Li CH, Li HI, Li J, Li L, Li S, Li S, Li X, Li X, Li X, Li Y, Liang H, Liang SB, Lichter P, Lin P, Lin Z, Linehan WM, Lingjærde OC, Liu D, Liu EM, Liu FFF, Liu F, Liu J, Liu X, Livingstone J, Livitz D, Livni N, Lochovsky L, Loeffler M, Long GV, Lopez-Guillermo A, Lou S, Louis DN, Lovat LB, Lu Y, Lu YJ, Lu Y, Luchini C, Lungu I, Luo X, Luxton HJ, Lynch AG, Lype L, López C, López-Otín C, Ma EZ, Ma Y, MacGrogan G, MacRae S, Macintyre G, Madsen T, Maejima K, Mafficini A, Maglinte DT, Maitra A, Majumder PP, Malcovati L, Malikic S, Malleo G, Mann GJ, Mantovani-Löffler L, Marchal K, Marchegiani G, Mardis ER, Margolin AA, Marin MG, Markowetz F, Markowski J, Marks J, Marques-Bonet T, Marra MA, Marsden L, Martens JWM, Martin S, Martin-Subero JI, Martincorena I, Martinez-Fundichely A, Maruvka YE, Mashl RJ, Massie CE, Matthew TJ, Matthews L, Mayer E, Mayes S, Mayo M, Mbabaali F, McCune K, McDermott U, McGillivray PD, McLellan MD, McPherson JD, McPherson JR, McPherson TA, Meier SR, Meng A, Meng S, Menzies A, Merrett ND, Merson S, Meyerson M, Meyerson W, Mieczkowski PA, Mihaiescu GL, Mijalkovic S, Mikkelsen T, Milella M, Mileshkin L, Miller CA, Miller DK, Miller JK, Mills GB, Milovanovic A, Minner S, Miotto M, Arnau GM, Mirabello L, Mitchell C, Mitchell TJ, Miyano S, Miyoshi N, Mizuno S, Molnár-Gábor F, Moore MJ, Moore RA, Morganella S, Morris QD, Morrison C, Mose LE, Moser CD, Muiños F, Mularoni L, Mungall AJ, Mungall K, Musgrove EA, Mustonen V, Mutch D, Muyas F, Muzny DM, Muñoz A, Myers J, Myklebost O, Möller P, Nagae G, Nagrial AM, Nahal-Bose HK, Nakagama H, Nakagawa H, Nakamura H, Nakamura T, Nakano K, Nandi T, Nangalia J, Nastic M, Navarro A, Navarro FCP, Neal DE, Nettekoven G, Newell F, Newhouse SJ, Newton Y, Ng AWT, Ng A, Nicholson J, Nicol D, Nie Y, Nielsen GP, Nielsen MM, Nik-Zainal S, Noble MS, Nones K, Northcott PA, Notta F, O’Connor BD, O’Donnell P, O’Donovan M, O’Meara S, O’Neill BP, O’Neill JR, Ocana D, Ochoa A, Oesper L, Ogden C, Ohdan H, Ohi K, Ohno-Machado L, Oien KA, Ojesina AI, Ojima H, Okusaka T, Omberg L, Ong CK, Ossowski S, Ott G, Ouellette BFF, P’ng C, Paczkowska M, Paiella S, Pairojkul C, Pajic M, Pan-Hammarström Q, Papaemmanuil E, Papatheodorou I, Paramasivam N, Park JW, Park JW, Park K, Park K, Park PJ, Parker JS, Parsons SL, Pass H, Pasternack D, Pastore A, Patch AM, Pauporté I, Pea A, Pearson JV, Pedamallu CS, Pedersen JS, Pederzoli P, Peifer M, Pennell NA, Perou CM, Perry MD, Petersen GM, Peto M, Petrelli N, Petryszak R, Pfister SM, Phillips M, Pich O, Pickett HA, Pihl TD, Pillay N, Pinder S, Pinese M, Pinho AV. Author Correction: The evolutionary history of 2,658 cancers. Nature 2023; 614:E42. [PMID: 36697833 PMCID: PMC9931577 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05601-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Gerstung
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Cambridge, UK. .,European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Genome Biology Unit, Heidelberg, Germany. .,Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Clemency Jolly
- grid.451388.30000 0004 1795 1830The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Ignaty Leshchiner
- grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Stefan C. Dentro
- grid.10306.340000 0004 0606 5382Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK ,grid.451388.30000 0004 1795 1830The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK ,grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Santiago Gonzalez
- grid.225360.00000 0000 9709 7726European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Cambridge, UK
| | - Daniel Rosebrock
- grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Thomas J. Mitchell
- grid.10306.340000 0004 0606 5382Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK ,grid.5335.00000000121885934University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Yulia Rubanova
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada ,grid.494618.6Vector Institute, Toronto, Ontario Canada
| | - Pavana Anur
- grid.5288.70000 0000 9758 5690Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR USA
| | - Kaixian Yu
- grid.240145.60000 0001 2291 4776The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA
| | - Maxime Tarabichi
- grid.10306.340000 0004 0606 5382Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK ,grid.451388.30000 0004 1795 1830The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Amit Deshwar
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada ,grid.494618.6Vector Institute, Toronto, Ontario Canada
| | - Jeff Wintersinger
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada ,grid.494618.6Vector Institute, Toronto, Ontario Canada
| | - Kortine Kleinheinz
- grid.7497.d0000 0004 0492 0584German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany ,grid.7700.00000 0001 2190 4373Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ignacio Vázquez-García
- grid.10306.340000 0004 0606 5382Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK ,grid.5335.00000000121885934University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kerstin Haase
- grid.451388.30000 0004 1795 1830The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Lara Jerman
- grid.225360.00000 0000 9709 7726European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Cambridge, UK ,grid.8954.00000 0001 0721 6013University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Subhajit Sengupta
- grid.240372.00000 0004 0400 4439NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL USA
| | - Geoff Macintyre
- grid.5335.00000000121885934Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Salem Malikic
- grid.61971.380000 0004 1936 7494Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia Canada ,grid.412541.70000 0001 0684 7796Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia Canada
| | - Nilgun Donmez
- grid.61971.380000 0004 1936 7494Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia Canada ,grid.412541.70000 0001 0684 7796Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia Canada
| | - Dimitri G. Livitz
- grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Marek Cmero
- grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XUniversity of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria Australia ,grid.1042.70000 0004 0432 4889Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Melbourne, Victoria Australia
| | - Jonas Demeulemeester
- grid.451388.30000 0004 1795 1830The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK ,grid.5596.f0000 0001 0668 7884University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Steven Schumacher
- grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Yu Fan
- grid.240145.60000 0001 2291 4776The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA
| | - Xiaotong Yao
- grid.5386.8000000041936877XWeill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY USA ,grid.429884.b0000 0004 1791 0895New York Genome Center, New York, NY USA
| | - Juhee Lee
- grid.205975.c0000 0001 0740 6917University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA USA
| | - Matthias Schlesner
- grid.7497.d0000 0004 0492 0584German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Paul C. Boutros
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada ,grid.419890.d0000 0004 0626 690XOntario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario Canada ,grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718University of California, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - David D. Bowtell
- grid.1055.10000000403978434Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria Australia
| | - Hongtu Zhu
- grid.240145.60000 0001 2291 4776The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA
| | - Gad Getz
- grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA ,grid.32224.350000 0004 0386 9924Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA USA ,grid.32224.350000 0004 0386 9924Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Marcin Imielinski
- grid.5386.8000000041936877XWeill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY USA ,grid.429884.b0000 0004 1791 0895New York Genome Center, New York, NY USA
| | - Rameen Beroukhim
- grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA ,grid.65499.370000 0001 2106 9910Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA
| | - S. Cenk Sahinalp
- grid.412541.70000 0001 0684 7796Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia Canada ,grid.411377.70000 0001 0790 959XIndiana University, Bloomington, IN USA
| | - Yuan Ji
- grid.240372.00000 0004 0400 4439NorthShore University HealthSystem, Evanston, IL USA ,grid.170205.10000 0004 1936 7822The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Martin Peifer
- grid.6190.e0000 0000 8580 3777University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Florian Markowetz
- grid.5335.00000000121885934Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ville Mustonen
- grid.7737.40000 0004 0410 2071University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ke Yuan
- grid.5335.00000000121885934Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK ,grid.8756.c0000 0001 2193 314XUniversity of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Wenyi Wang
- grid.240145.60000 0001 2291 4776The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX USA
| | - Quaid D. Morris
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada ,grid.494618.6Vector Institute, Toronto, Ontario Canada
| | | | - Paul T. Spellman
- grid.5288.70000 0000 9758 5690Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR USA
| | - David C. Wedge
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Big Data Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK ,grid.454382.c0000 0004 7871 7212Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Peter Van Loo
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK. .,University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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Calabrese C, Davidson NR, Demircioğlu D, Fonseca NA, He Y, Kahles A, Lehmann KV, Liu F, Shiraishi Y, Soulette CM, Urban L, Greger L, Li S, Liu D, Perry MD, Xiang Q, Zhang F, Zhang J, Bailey P, Erkek S, Hoadley KA, Hou Y, Huska MR, Kilpinen H, Korbel JO, Marin MG, Markowski J, Nandi T, Pan-Hammarström Q, Pedamallu CS, Siebert R, Stark SG, Su H, Tan P, Waszak SM, Yung C, Zhu S, Awadalla P, Creighton CJ, Meyerson M, Ouellette BFF, Wu K, Yang H, Brazma A, Brooks AN, Göke J, Rätsch G, Schwarz RF, Stegle O, Zhang Z, Wu K, Yang H, Fonseca NA, Kahles A, Lehmann KV, Urban L, Soulette CM, Shiraishi Y, Liu F, He Y, Demircioğlu D, Davidson NR, Calabrese C, Zhang J, Perry MD, Xiang Q, Greger L, Li S, Liu D, Stark SG, Zhang F, Amin SB, Bailey P, Chateigner A, Cortés-Ciriano I, Craft B, Erkek S, Frenkel-Morgenstern M, Goldman M, Hoadley KA, Hou Y, Huska MR, Khurana E, Kilpinen H, Korbel JO, Lamaze FC, Li C, Li X, Li X, Liu X, Marin MG, Markowski J, Nandi T, Nielsen MM, Ojesina AI, Pan-Hammarström Q, Park PJ, Pedamallu CS, Pedersen JS, Pederzoli P, Peifer M, Pennell NA, Perou CM, Perry MD, Petersen GM, Peto M, Petrelli N, Pedamallu CS, Petryszak R, Pfister SM, Phillips M, Pich O, Pickett HA, Pihl TD, Pillay N, Pinder S, Pinese M, Pinho AV, Pedersen JS, Pitkänen E, Pivot X, Piñeiro-Yáñez E, Planko L, Plass C, Polak P, Pons T, Popescu I, Potapova O, Prasad A, Siebert R, Preston SR, Prinz M, Pritchard AL, Prokopec SD, Provenzano E, Puente XS, Puig S, Puiggròs M, Pulido-Tamayo S, Pupo GM, Su H, Purdie CA, Quinn MC, Rabionet R, Rader JS, Radlwimmer B, Radovic P, Raeder B, Raine KM, Ramakrishna M, Ramakrishnan K, Tan P, Ramalingam S, Raphael BJ, Rathmell WK, Rausch T, Reifenberger G, Reimand J, Reis-Filho J, Reuter V, Reyes-Salazar I, Reyna MA, Teh BT, Reynolds SM, Rheinbay E, Riazalhosseini Y, Richardson AL, Richter J, Ringel M, Ringnér M, Rino Y, Rippe K, Roach J, Wang J, Roberts LR, Roberts ND, Roberts SA, Robertson AG, Robertson AJ, Rodriguez JB, Rodriguez-Martin B, Rodríguez-González FG, Roehrl MHA, Rohde M, Waszak SM, Rokutan H, Romieu G, Rooman I, Roques T, Rosebrock D, Rosenberg M, Rosenstiel PC, Rosenwald A, Rowe EW, Royo R, Xiong H, Rozen SG, Rubanova Y, Rubin MA, Rubio-Perez C, Rudneva VA, Rusev BC, Ruzzenente A, Rätsch G, Sabarinathan R, Sabelnykova VY, Yakneen S, Sadeghi S, Sahinalp SC, Saini N, Saito-Adachi M, Saksena G, Salcedo A, Salgado R, Salichos L, Sallari R, Saller C, Ye C, Salvia R, Sam M, Samra JS, Sanchez-Vega F, Sander C, Sanders G, Sarin R, Sarrafi I, Sasaki-Oku A, Sauer T, Yung C, Sauter G, Saw RPM, Scardoni M, Scarlett CJ, Scarpa A, Scelo G, Schadendorf D, Schein JE, Schilhabel MB, Schlesner M, Zhang X, Schlomm T, Schmidt HK, Schramm SJ, Schreiber S, Schultz N, Schumacher SE, Schwarz RF, Scolyer RA, Scott D, Scully R, Zheng L, Seethala R, Segre AV, Selander I, Semple CA, Senbabaoglu Y, Sengupta S, Sereni E, Serra S, Sgroi DC, Shackleton M, Zhu J, Shah NC, Shahabi S, Shang CA, Shang P, Shapira O, Shelton T, Shen C, Shen H, Shepherd R, Shi R, Zhu S, Shi Y, Shiah YJ, Shibata T, Shih J, Shimizu E, Shimizu K, Shin SJ, Shiraishi Y, Shmaya T, Shmulevich I, Awadalla P, Shorser SI, Short C, Shrestha R, Shringarpure SS, Shriver C, Shuai S, Sidiropoulos N, Siebert R, Sieuwerts AM, Sieverling L, Creighton CJ, Signoretti S, Sikora KO, Simbolo M, Simon R, Simons JV, Simpson JT, Simpson PT, Singer S, Sinnott-Armstrong N, Sipahimalani P, Meyerson M, Skelly TJ, Smid M, Smith J, Smith-McCune K, Socci ND, Sofia HJ, Soloway MG, Song L, Sood AK, Sothi S, Ouellette BFF, Sotiriou C, Soulette CM, Span PN, Spellman PT, Sperandio N, Spillane AJ, Spiro O, Spring J, Staaf J, Stadler PF, Wu K, Staib P, Stark SG, Stebbings L, Stefánsson ÓA, Stegle O, Stein LD, Stenhouse A, Stewart C, Stilgenbauer S, Stobbe MD, Yang H, Stratton MR, Stretch JR, Struck AJ, Stuart JM, Stunnenberg HG, Su H, Su X, Sun RX, Sungalee S, Susak H, Göke J, Suzuki A, Sweep F, Szczepanowski M, Sültmann H, Yugawa T, Tam A, Tamborero D, Tan BKT, Tan D, Tan P, Schwarz RF, Tanaka H, Taniguchi H, Tanskanen TJ, Tarabichi M, Tarnuzzer R, Tarpey P, Taschuk ML, Tatsuno K, Tavaré S, Taylor DF, Stegle O, Taylor-Weiner A, Teague JW, Teh BT, Tembe V, Temes J, Thai K, Thayer SP, Thiessen N, Thomas G, Thomas S, Zhang Z, Thompson A, Thompson AM, Thompson JFF, Thompson RH, Thorne H, Thorne LB, Thorogood A, Tiao G, Tijanic N, Timms LE, Brazma A, Tirabosco R, Tojo M, Tommasi S, Toon CW, Toprak UH, Torrents D, Tortora G, Tost J, Totoki Y, Townend D, Rätsch G, Traficante N, Treilleux I, Trotta JR, Trümper LHP, Tsao M, Tsunoda T, Tubio JMC, Tucker O, Turkington R, Turner DJ, Brooks AN, Tutt A, Ueno M, Ueno NT, Umbricht C, Umer HM, Underwood TJ, Urban L, Urushidate T, Ushiku T, Uusküla-Reimand L, Brazma A, Valencia A, Van Den Berg DJ, Van Laere S, Van Loo P, Van Meir EG, Van den Eynden GG, Van der Kwast T, Vasudev N, Vazquez M, Vedururu R, Brooks AN, Veluvolu U, Vembu S, Verbeke LPC, Vermeulen P, Verrill C, Viari A, Vicente D, Vicentini C, VijayRaghavan K, Viksna J, Göke J, Vilain RE, Villasante I, Vincent-Salomon A, Visakorpi T, Voet D, Vyas P, Vázquez-García I, Waddell NM, Waddell N, Wadelius C, Rätsch G, Wadi L, Wagener R, Wala JA, Wang J, Wang J, Wang L, Wang Q, Wang W, Wang Y, Wang Z, Schwarz RF, Waring PM, Warnatz HJ, Warrell J, Warren AY, Waszak SM, Wedge DC, Weichenhan D, Weinberger P, Weinstein JN, Weischenfeldt J, Stegle O, Weisenberger DJ, Welch I, Wendl MC, Werner J, Whalley JP, Wheeler DA, Whitaker HC, Wigle D, Wilkerson MD, Williams A, Zhang Z, Wilmott JS, Wilson GW, Wilson JM, Wilson RK, Winterhoff B, Wintersinger JA, Wiznerowicz M, Wolf S, Wong BH, Wong T, Aaltonen LA, Wong W, Woo Y, Wood S, Wouters BG, Wright AJ, Wright DW, Wright MH, Wu CL, Wu DY, Wu G, Abascal F, Wu J, Wu K, Wu Y, Wu Z, Xi L, Xia T, Xiang Q, Xiao X, Xing R, Xiong H, Abeshouse A, Xu Q, Xu Y, Xue H, Yachida S, Yakneen S, Yamaguchi R, Yamaguchi TN, Yamamoto M, Yamamoto S, Yamaue H, Aburatani H, Yang F, Yang H, Yang JY, Yang L, Yang L, Yang S, Yang TP, Yang Y, Yao X, Yaspo ML, Adams DJ, Yates L, Yau C, Ye C, Ye K, Yellapantula VD, Yoon CJ, Yoon SS, Yousif F, Yu J, Yu K, Agrawal N, Yu W, Yu Y, Yuan K, Yuan Y, Yuen D, Yung CK, Zaikova O, Zamora J, Zapatka M, Zenklusen JC, Ahn KS, Zenz T, Zeps N, Zhang CZ, Zhang F, Zhang H, Zhang H, Zhang H, Zhang J, Zhang J, Zhang J, Ahn SM, Zhang X, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Zhao Z, Zheng L, Zheng X, Zhou W, Zhou Y, Zhu B, Aikata H, Zhu H, Zhu J, Zhu S, Zou L, Zou X, deFazio A, van As N, van Deurzen CHM, van de Vijver MJ, van’t Veer L, Akbani R, von Mering C, Akdemir KC, Al-Ahmadie H, Al-Sedairy ST, Al-Shahrour F, Alawi M, Albert M, Aldape K, Alexandrov LB, Ally A, Alsop K, Alvarez EG, Amary F, Amin SB, Aminou B, Ammerpohl O, Anderson MJ, Ang Y, Antonello D, Anur P, Aparicio S, Appelbaum EL, Arai Y, Aretz A, Arihiro K, Ariizumi SI, Armenia J, Arnould L, Asa S, Assenov Y, Atwal G, Aukema S, Auman JT, Aure MRR, Awadalla P, Aymerich M, Bader GD, Baez-Ortega A, Bailey MH, Bailey PJ, Balasundaram M, Balu S, Bandopadhayay P, Banks RE, Barbi S, Barbour AP, Barenboim J, Barnholtz-Sloan J, Barr H, Barrera E, Bartlett J, Bartolome J, Bassi C, Bathe OF, Baumhoer D, Bavi P, Baylin SB, Bazant W, Beardsmore D, Beck TA, Behjati S, Behren A, Niu B, Bell C, Beltran S, Benz C, Berchuck A, Bergmann AK, Bergstrom EN, Berman BP, Berney DM, Bernhart SH, Beroukhim R, Berrios M, Bersani S, Bertl J, Betancourt M, Bhandari V, Bhosle SG, Biankin AV, Bieg M, Bigner D, Binder H, Birney E, Birrer M, Biswas NK, Bjerkehagen B, Bodenheimer T, Boice L, Bonizzato G, De Bono JS, Boot A, Bootwalla MS, Borg A, Borkhardt A, Boroevich KA, Borozan I, Borst C, Bosenberg M, Bosio M, Boultwood J, Bourque G, Boutros PC, Bova GS, Bowen DT, Bowlby R, Bowtell DDL, Boyault S, Boyce R, Boyd J, Brazma A, Brennan P, Brewer DS, Brinkman AB, Bristow RG, Broaddus RR, Brock JE, Brock M, Broeks A, Brooks AN, Brooks D, Brors B, Brunak S, Bruxner TJC, Bruzos AL, Buchanan A, Buchhalter I, Buchholz C, Bullman S, Burke H, Burkhardt B, Burns KH, Busanovich J, Bustamante CD, Butler AP, Butte AJ, Byrne NJ, Børresen-Dale AL, Caesar-Johnson SJ, Cafferkey A, Cahill D, Calabrese C, Caldas C, Calvo F, Camacho N, Campbell PJ, Campo E, Cantù C, Cao S, Carey TE, Carlevaro-Fita J, Carlsen R, Cataldo I, Cazzola M, Cebon J, Cerfolio R, Chadwick DE, Chakravarty D, Chalmers D, Chan CWY, Chan K, Chan-Seng-Yue M, Chandan VS, Chang DK, Chanock SJ, Chantrill LA, Chateigner A, Chatterjee N, Chayama K, Chen HW, Chen J, Chen K, Chen Y, Chen Z, Cherniack AD, Chien J, Chiew YE, Chin SF, Cho J, Cho S, Choi JK, Choi W, Chomienne C, Chong Z, Choo SP, Chou A, Christ AN, Christie EL, Chuah E, Cibulskis C, Cibulskis K, Cingarlini S, Clapham P, Claviez A, Cleary S, Cloonan N, Cmero M, Collins CC, Connor AA, Cooke SL, Cooper CS, Cope L, Corbo V, Cordes MG, Cordner SM, Cortés-Ciriano I, Covington K, Cowin PA, Craft B, Craft D, Creighton CJ, Cun Y, Curley E, Cutcutache I, Czajka K, Czerniak B, Dagg RA, Danilova L, Davi MV, Davidson NR, Davies H, Davis IJ, Davis-Dusenbery BN, Dawson KJ, De La Vega FM, De Paoli-Iseppi R, Defreitas T, Tos APD, Delaneau O, Demchok JA, Demeulemeester J, Demidov GM, Demircioğlu D, Dennis NM, Denroche RE, Dentro SC, Desai N, Deshpande V, Deshwar AG, Desmedt C, Deu-Pons J, Dhalla N, Dhani NC, Dhingra P, Dhir R, DiBiase A, Diamanti K, Ding L, Ding S, Dinh HQ, Dirix L, Doddapaneni H, Donmez N, Dow MT, Drapkin R, Drechsel O, Drews RM, Serge S, Dudderidge T, Dueso-Barroso A, Dunford AJ, Dunn M, Dursi LJ, Duthie FR, Dutton-Regester K, Eagles J, Easton DF, Edmonds S, Edwards PA, Edwards SE, Eeles RA, Ehinger A, Eils J, Eils R, El-Naggar A, Eldridge M, Ellrott K, Erkek S, Escaramis G, Espiritu SMG, Estivill X, Etemadmoghadam D, Eyfjord JE, Faltas BM, Fan D, Fan Y, Faquin WC, Farcas C, Fassan M, Fatima A, Favero F, Fayzullaev N, Felau I, Fereday S, Ferguson ML, Ferretti V, Feuerbach L, Field MA, Fink JL, Finocchiaro G, Fisher C, Fittall MW, Fitzgerald A, Fitzgerald RC, Flanagan AM, Fleshner NE, Flicek P, Foekens JA, Fong KM, Fonseca NA, Foster CS, Fox NS, Fraser M, Frazer S, Frenkel-Morgenstern M, Friedman W, Frigola J, Fronick CC, Fujimoto A, Fujita M, Fukayama M, Fulton LA, Fulton RS, Furuta M, Futreal PA, Füllgrabe A, Gabriel SB, Gallinger S, Gambacorti-Passerini C, Gao J, Gao S, Garraway L, Garred Ø, Garrison E, Garsed DW, Gehlenborg N, Gelpi JLL, George J, Gerhard DS, Gerhauser C, Gershenwald JE, Gerstein M, Gerstung M, Getz G, Ghori M, Ghossein R, Giama NH, Gibbs RA, Gibson B, Gill AJ, Gill P, Giri DD, Glodzik D, Gnanapragasam VJ, Goebler ME, Goldman MJ, Gomez C, Gonzalez S, Gonzalez-Perez A, Gordenin DA, Gossage J, Gotoh K, Govindan R, Grabau D, Graham JS, Grant RC, Green AR, Green E, Greger L, Grehan N, Grimaldi S, Grimmond SM, Grossman RL, Grundhoff A, Gundem G, Guo Q, Gupta M, Gupta S, Gut IG, Gut M, Göke J, Ha G, Haake A, Haan D, Haas S, Haase K, Haber JE, Habermann N, Hach F, Haider S, Hama N, Hamdy FC, Hamilton A, Hamilton MP, Han L, Hanna GB, Hansmann M, Haradhvala NJ, Harismendy O, Harliwong I, Harmanci AO, Harrington E, Hasegawa T, Haussler D, Hawkins S, Hayami S, Hayashi S, Hayes DN, Hayes SJ, Hayward NK, Hazell S, He Y, Heath AP, Heath SC, Hedley D, Hegde AM, Heiman DI, Heinold MC, Heins Z, Heisler LE, Hellstrom-Lindberg E, Helmy M, Heo SG, Hepperla AJ, Heredia-Genestar JM, Herrmann C, Hersey P, Hess JM, Hilmarsdottir H, Hinton J, Hirano S, Hiraoka N, Hoadley KA, Hobolth A, Hodzic E, Hoell JI, Hoffmann S, Hofmann O, Holbrook A, Holik AZ, Hollingsworth MA, Holmes O, Holt RA, Hong C, Hong EP, Hong JH, Hooijer GK, Hornshøj H, Hosoda F, Hou Y, Hovestadt V, Howat W, Hoyle AP, Hruban RH, Hu J, Hu T, Hua X, Huang KL, Huang M, Huang MN, Huang V, Huang Y, Huber W, Hudson TJ, Hummel M, Hung JA, Huntsman D, Hupp TR, Huse J, Huska MR, Hutter B, Hutter CM, Hübschmann D, Iacobuzio-Donahue CA, Imbusch CD, Imielinski M, Imoto S, Isaacs WB, Isaev K, Ishikawa S, Iskar M, Islam SMA, Ittmann M, Ivkovic S, Izarzugaza JMG, Jacquemier J, Jakrot V, Jamieson NB, Jang GH, Jang SJ, Jayaseelan JC, Jayasinghe R, Jefferys SR, Jegalian K, Jennings JL, Jeon SH, Jerman L, Ji Y, Jiao W, Johansson PA, Johns AL, Johns J, Johnson R, Johnson TA, Jolly C, Joly Y, Jonasson JG, Jones CD, Jones DR, Jones DTW, Jones N, Jones SJM, Jonkers J, Ju YS, Juhl H, Jung J, Juul M, Juul RI, Juul S, Jäger N, Kabbe R, Kahles A, Kahraman A, Kaiser VB, Kakavand H, Kalimuthu S, von Kalle C, Kang KJ, Karaszi K, Karlan B, Karlić R, Karsch D, Kasaian K, Kassahn KS, Katai H, Kato M, Katoh H, Kawakami Y, Kay JD, Kazakoff SH, Kazanov MD, Keays M, Kebebew E, Kefford RF, Kellis M, Kench JG, Kennedy CJ, Kerssemakers JNA, Khoo D, Khoo V, Khuntikeo N, Khurana E, Kilpinen H, Kim HK, Kim HL, Kim HY, Kim H, Kim J, Kim J, Kim JK, Kim Y, King TA, Klapper W, Kleinheinz K, Klimczak LJ, Knappskog S, Kneba M, Knoppers BM, Koh Y, Komorowski J, Komura D, Komura M, Kong G, Kool M, Korbel JO, Korchina V, Korshunov A, Koscher M, Koster R, Kote-Jarai Z, Koures A, Kovacevic M, Kremeyer B, Kretzmer H, Kreuz M, Krishnamurthy S, Kube D, Kumar K, Kumar P, Kumar S, Kumar Y, Kundra R, Kübler K, Küppers R, Lagergren J, Lai PH, Laird PW, Lakhani SR, Lalansingh CM, Lalonde E, Lamaze FC, Lambert A, Lander E, Landgraf P, Landoni L, Langerød A, Lanzós A, Larsimont D, Larsson E, Lathrop M, Lau LMS, Lawerenz C, Lawlor RT, Lawrence MS, Lazar AJ, Lazic AM, Le X, Lee D, Lee D, Lee EA, Lee HJ, Lee JJK, Lee JY, Lee J, Lee MTM, Lee-Six H, Lehmann KV, Lehrach H, Lenze D, Leonard CR, Leongamornlert DA, Leshchiner I, Letourneau L, Letunic I, Levine DA, Lewis L, Ley T, Li C, Li CH, Li HI, Li J, Li L, Li S, Li S, Li X, Li X, Li X, Li Y, Liang H, Liang SB, Lichter P, Lin P, Lin Z, Linehan WM, Lingjærde OC, Liu D, Liu EM, Liu FFF, Liu F, Liu J, Liu X, Livingstone J, Livitz D, Livni N, Lochovsky L, Loeffler M, Long GV, Lopez-Guillermo A, Lou S, Louis DN, Lovat LB, Lu Y, Lu YJ, Lu Y, Luchini C, Lungu I, Luo X, Luxton HJ, Lynch AG, Lype L, López C, López-Otín C, Ma EZ, Ma Y, MacGrogan G, MacRae S, Macintyre G, Madsen T, Maejima K, Mafficini A, Maglinte DT, Maitra A, Majumder PP, Malcovati L, Malikic S, Malleo G, Mann GJ, Mantovani-Löffler L, Marchal K, Marchegiani G, Mardis ER, Margolin AA, Marin MG, Markowetz F, Markowski J, Marks J, Marques-Bonet T, Marra MA, Marsden L, Martens JWM, Martin S, Martin-Subero JI, Martincorena I, Martinez-Fundichely A, Maruvka YE, Mashl RJ, Massie CE, Matthew TJ, Matthews L, Mayer E, Mayes S, Mayo M, Mbabaali F, McCune K, McDermott U, McGillivray PD, McLellan MD, McPherson JD, McPherson JR, McPherson TA, Meier SR, Meng A, Meng S, Menzies A, Merrett ND, Merson S, Meyerson M, Meyerson W, Mieczkowski PA, Mihaiescu GL, Mijalkovic S, Mikkelsen T, Milella M, Mileshkin L, Miller CA, Miller DK, Miller JK, Mills GB, Milovanovic A, Minner S, Miotto M, Arnau GM, Mirabello L, Mitchell C, Mitchell TJ, Miyano S, Miyoshi N, Mizuno S, Molnár-Gábor F, Moore MJ, Moore RA, Morganella S, Morris QD, Morrison C, Mose LE, Moser CD, Muiños F, Mularoni L, Mungall AJ, Mungall K, Musgrove EA, Mustonen V, Mutch D, Muyas F, Muzny DM, Muñoz A, Myers J, Myklebost O, Möller P, Nagae G, Nagrial AM, Nahal-Bose HK, Nakagama H, Nakagawa H, Nakamura H, Nakamura T, Nakano K, Nandi T, Nangalia J, Nastic M, Navarro A, Navarro FCP, Neal DE, Nettekoven G, Newell F, Newhouse SJ, Newton Y, Ng AWT, Ng A, Nicholson J, Nicol D, Nie Y, Nielsen GP, Nielsen MM, Nik-Zainal S, Noble MS, Nones K, Northcott PA, Notta F, O’Connor BD, O’Donnell P, O’Donovan M, O’Meara S, O’Neill BP, O’Neill JR, Ocana D, Ochoa A, Oesper L, Ogden C, Ohdan H, Ohi K, Ohno-Machado L, Oien KA, Ojesina AI, Ojima H, Okusaka T, Omberg L, Ong CK, Ossowski S, Ott G, Ouellette BFF, P’ng C, Paczkowska M, Paiella S, Pairojkul C, Pajic M, Pan-Hammarström Q, Papaemmanuil E, Papatheodorou I, Paramasivam N, Park JW, Park JW, Park K, Park K, Park PJ, Parker JS, Parsons SL, Pass H, Pasternack D, Pastore A, Patch AM, Pauporté I, Pea A, Pearson JV. Author Correction: Genomic basis for RNA alterations in cancer. Nature 2023; 614:E37. [PMID: 36697831 PMCID: PMC9931574 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05596-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Claudia Calabrese
- grid.225360.00000 0000 9709 7726European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Natalie R. Davidson
- grid.5801.c0000 0001 2156 2780ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland ,grid.51462.340000 0001 2171 9952Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY USA ,grid.5386.8000000041936877XWeill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY USA ,grid.419765.80000 0001 2223 3006SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland ,grid.412004.30000 0004 0478 9977University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Deniz Demircioğlu
- grid.4280.e0000 0001 2180 6431National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore ,grid.418377.e0000 0004 0620 715XGenome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nuno A. Fonseca
- grid.225360.00000 0000 9709 7726European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Yao He
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - André Kahles
- grid.5801.c0000 0001 2156 2780ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland ,grid.51462.340000 0001 2171 9952Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY USA ,grid.419765.80000 0001 2223 3006SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland ,grid.412004.30000 0004 0478 9977University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Kjong-Van Lehmann
- grid.5801.c0000 0001 2156 2780ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland ,grid.51462.340000 0001 2171 9952Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY USA ,grid.419765.80000 0001 2223 3006SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland ,grid.412004.30000 0004 0478 9977University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Fenglin Liu
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuichi Shiraishi
- grid.26999.3d0000 0001 2151 536XThe University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Japan
| | - Cameron M. Soulette
- grid.205975.c0000 0001 0740 6917University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA USA
| | - Lara Urban
- grid.225360.00000 0000 9709 7726European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Liliana Greger
- grid.225360.00000 0000 9709 7726European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Siliang Li
- grid.21155.320000 0001 2034 1839BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China ,grid.507779.b0000 0004 4910 5858China National GeneBank-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dongbing Liu
- grid.21155.320000 0001 2034 1839BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China ,grid.507779.b0000 0004 4910 5858China National GeneBank-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Marc D. Perry
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada ,grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA USA
| | - Qian Xiang
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fan Zhang
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Junjun Zhang
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter Bailey
- grid.8756.c0000 0001 2193 314XUniversity of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Serap Erkek
- grid.4709.a0000 0004 0495 846XEuropean Molecular Biology Laboratory, Genome Biology Unit, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katherine A. Hoadley
- grid.10698.360000000122483208The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA
| | - Yong Hou
- grid.21155.320000 0001 2034 1839BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China ,grid.507779.b0000 0004 4910 5858China National GeneBank-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Matthew R. Huska
- grid.419491.00000 0001 1014 0849Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Helena Kilpinen
- grid.83440.3b0000000121901201University College London, London, UK
| | - Jan O. Korbel
- grid.4709.a0000 0004 0495 846XEuropean Molecular Biology Laboratory, Genome Biology Unit, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maximillian G. Marin
- grid.205975.c0000 0001 0740 6917University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA USA
| | - Julia Markowski
- grid.419491.00000 0001 1014 0849Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tannistha Nandi
- grid.418377.e0000 0004 0620 715XGenome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Qiang Pan-Hammarström
- grid.21155.320000 0001 2034 1839BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China ,grid.4714.60000 0004 1937 0626Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Chandra Sekhar Pedamallu
- grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA USA ,grid.65499.370000 0001 2106 9910Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Reiner Siebert
- grid.410712.10000 0004 0473 882XUlm University and Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Stefan G. Stark
- grid.5801.c0000 0001 2156 2780ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland ,grid.51462.340000 0001 2171 9952Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY USA ,grid.419765.80000 0001 2223 3006SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland ,grid.412004.30000 0004 0478 9977University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Hong Su
- grid.21155.320000 0001 2034 1839BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China ,grid.507779.b0000 0004 4910 5858China National GeneBank-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Patrick Tan
- grid.418377.e0000 0004 0620 715XGenome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore ,grid.428397.30000 0004 0385 0924Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sebastian M. Waszak
- grid.4709.a0000 0004 0495 846XEuropean Molecular Biology Laboratory, Genome Biology Unit, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christina Yung
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shida Zhu
- grid.21155.320000 0001 2034 1839BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China ,grid.507779.b0000 0004 4910 5858China National GeneBank-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Philip Awadalla
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Canada
| | - Chad J. Creighton
- grid.39382.330000 0001 2160 926XBaylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
| | - Matthew Meyerson
- grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA USA ,grid.65499.370000 0001 2106 9910Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | | | - Kui Wu
- grid.21155.320000 0001 2034 1839BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China ,grid.507779.b0000 0004 4910 5858China National GeneBank-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huanming Yang
- grid.21155.320000 0001 2034 1839BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Alvis Brazma
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, UK.
| | - Angela N. Brooks
- grid.205975.c0000 0001 0740 6917University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA USA ,grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA USA ,grid.65499.370000 0001 2106 9910Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA USA
| | - Jonathan Göke
- grid.418377.e0000 0004 0620 715XGenome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore ,grid.410724.40000 0004 0620 9745National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gunnar Rätsch
- ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. .,Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA. .,Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA. .,SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland. .,University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Roland F. Schwarz
- grid.225360.00000 0000 9709 7726European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, UK ,grid.419491.00000 0001 1014 0849Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany ,grid.7497.d0000 0004 0492 0584German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Berlin, Germany ,grid.7497.d0000 0004 0492 0584German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Oliver Stegle
- grid.225360.00000 0000 9709 7726European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Hinxton, UK ,grid.4709.a0000 0004 0495 846XEuropean Molecular Biology Laboratory, Genome Biology Unit, Heidelberg, Germany ,grid.7497.d0000 0004 0492 0584German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Zemin Zhang
- grid.11135.370000 0001 2256 9319Peking University, Beijing, China
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Clements K, Dodwell D, Hilton B, Stevens-Harris I, Pinder S, Wallis MG, Maxwell AJ, Kearins O, Sibbering M, Shaaban AM, Kirwan C, Sharma N, Stobart H, Dulson-Cox J, Litherland J, Mylvaganam S, Provenzano E, Sawyer E, Thompson AM. Cohort profile of the Sloane Project: methodology for a prospective UK cohort study of >15 000 women with screen-detected non-invasive breast neoplasia. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e061585. [PMID: 36535720 PMCID: PMC9764674 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The introduction of breast screening in the UK led to an increase in the detection of non-invasive breast neoplasia, predominantly ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), a non-obligatory precursor of invasive breast cancer. The Sloane Project, a UK prospective cohort study of screen-detected non-invasive breast neoplasia, commenced in 2003 to evaluate the radiological assessment, surgical management, pathology, adjuvant therapy and outcomes for non-invasive breast neoplasia. Long-term follow-up and accurate data collection are essential to examine the clinical impact. Here, we describe the establishment, development and analytical processes for this large UK cohort study. PARTICIPANTS Women diagnosed with non-invasive breast neoplasia via the UK National Health Service Breast Screening Programme (NHSBSP) from 01 April 2003 are eligible, with a minimum age of 46 years. Diagnostic, therapeutic and follow-up data collected via proformas, complement date and cause of death from national data sources. Accrual for patients with DCIS ceased in 2012 but is ongoing for patients with epithelial atypia/in situ neoplasia, while follow-up for all continues long term. FINDINGS TO DATE To date, patients within the Sloane cohort comprise one-third of those diagnosed with DCIS within the NHSBSP and are representative of UK practice. DCIS has a variable outcome and confirms the need for longer-term follow-up for screen-detected DCIS. However, the radiology and pathology features of DCIS can be used to inform patient management. We demonstrate validation of follow-up information collected from national datasets against traditional, manual methods. FUTURE PLANS Conclusions derived from the Sloane Project are generalisable to women in the UK with screen-detected DCIS. The follow-up methodology may be extended to other UK cohort studies and routine clinical follow-up. Data from English patients entered into the Sloane Project are available on request to researchers under data sharing agreement. Annual follow-up data collection will continue for a minimum of 20 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Clements
- Screening Quality Assurance Service, NHS England, Birmingham, UK
| | - David Dodwell
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Bridget Hilton
- Screening Quality Assurance Service, NHS England, Birmingham, UK
| | - Isabella Stevens-Harris
- Royal Derby Hospital, University Hospitals of Derby and Burton NHS Foundation Trust, Derby, UK
| | - Sarah Pinder
- Guy's Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Guy's & St Thomas' Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, London, UK
| | - Matthew G Wallis
- Cambridge Breast Unit, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
- NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Anthony J Maxwell
- Nightingale Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
- NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Olive Kearins
- Screening Quality Assurance Service, NHS England, Birmingham, UK
| | - Mark Sibbering
- Royal Derby Hospital, University Hospitals of Derby and Burton NHS Foundation Trust, Derby, UK
| | - Abeer M Shaaban
- Department of Histopathology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham and University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Cliona Kirwan
- NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester, UK
- Division of Cancer Sciences, The University of Manchester Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester, UK
| | - Nisha Sharma
- Breast Unit, St James's Hospital, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Elena Provenzano
- NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Histopathology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Elinor Sawyer
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, London, UK
| | - Alastair M Thompson
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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16
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Shaaban AM, Hilton B, Clements K, Dodwell D, Sharma N, Kirwan C, Sawyer E, Maxwell A, Wallis M, Stobart H, Mylvaganam S, Litherland J, Brace-McDonnell S, Dulson-Cox J, Kearins O, Provenzano E, Ellis IO, Pinder SE, Thompson AM. The presentation, management and outcome of patients with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) with microinvasion (invasion ≤1 mm in size)-results from the UK Sloane Project. Br J Cancer 2022; 127:2125-2132. [PMID: 36224403 PMCID: PMC9726983 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-022-01983-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The diagnosis, management and prognosis of microinvasive breast carcinoma remain controversial. METHODS We analysed the outcomes of patients with DCIS with and without microinvasion diagnosed between 2003 and 2012 within the Sloane project. RESULTS Microinvasion was recorded in 521 of 11,285 patients (4.6%), with considerable variation in reported incidence among screening units (0-25%). Microinvasion was associated with high-grade DCIS, larger DCIS size, comedo necrosis and solid, cribriform architecture (all P < 0.001). Microinvasion was more frequent in patients who underwent mastectomy compared with breast-conserving surgery (BCS) (6.9% vs 3.6%, P < 0.001), and in those undergoing axillary nodal surgery (60.4% vs 30.3%, P < 0.001) including the subset undergoing BCS (43.4% vs 8.5%, P < 0.001). Nodal metastasis rate was low and not statistically significant difference from the DCIS only group (P = 0.68). Following median follow-up of 110 months, 3% of patients had recurrent ipsilateral high-grade DCIS, and 4.2% developed invasive carcinoma. The subsequent ipsilateral invasion was of Grade 3 in 71.4% of patients with microinvasion vs 30.4% in DCIS without microinvasion (P = 0.02). Distant metastasis and breast cancer mortality were higher with microinvasion compared with DCIS only (1.2% vs 0.3%, P = 0.01 and 2.1% vs 0.8%; P = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS The higher breast cancer mortality with microinvasion indicates a more aggressive disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer M Shaaban
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham and University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
| | | | | | - David Dodwell
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Cliona Kirwan
- Division of Informatics, Imaging & Data Sciences. School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Elinor Sawyer
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Comprehensive Cancer Centre at Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Anthony Maxwell
- Division of Informatics, Imaging & Data Sciences. School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Matthew Wallis
- Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge and Cambridge Breast Unit, and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Elena Provenzano
- Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge and Cambridge Breast Unit, and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ian O Ellis
- Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham, UK.,Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Nottingham City Hospital, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Sarah E Pinder
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Guy's Comprehensive Cancer Centre at Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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17
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Cserni G, Brogi E, Cody HS, Deb R, Farshid G, O'Toole S, Provenzano E, Quinn CM, Sahin AA, Schmitt F, Weaver DL, Yamaguchi R, Webster F, Tan PH. Reporting of Surgically Removed Lymph Nodes for Breast Tumors: Recommendations From the International Collaboration on Cancer Reporting. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2022; 146:1308-1318. [PMID: 36270029 DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2022-0060-ra] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT.— The International Collaboration on Cancer Reporting (ICCR), supported by major pathology and cancer organizations, aims at the standardization of evidence-based pathology reporting of different types of cancers, with the inclusion of all parameters deemed to be relevant for best patient care and future data collection. Lymph node metastasis is one of the most important prognostic factors in breast cancer. OBJECTIVE.— To produce a histopathology reporting guide by a panel of recognized experts from the fields of pathology and surgery with elements deemed to be core (required) and noncore (recommended) to report when assessing regional lymph nodes of patients with breast cancer. DATA SOURCES.— Published literature, previous guidelines/recommendations, and current cancer staging principles were the basis of the data set drafted by the expert panel. This was discussed in a series of teleconferences and email communications. The draft data set was then made available for public consultation through the ICCR Web site. After this consultation and ICCR ratification, the data set was finalized. CONCLUSIONS.— The ICCR has published a data set for the reporting of surgically removed lymph nodes (including sentinel lymph node biopsy, axillary lymph node dissection, targeted axillary surgery, and lymph node sampling specimens) for breast tumors. This is part of a series of 4 ICCR breast cancer-related data sets. It includes 10 core elements along with 2 noncore elements. This should allow for synoptic reporting, which is more precise, uniform, and complete than nonsynoptic reporting, and leads to improved patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gábor Cserni
- From the Department of Pathology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical Center, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary (Cserni).,The Department of Pathology, Bács-Kiskun County Teaching Hospital, Kecskemét, Hungary (Cserni)
| | - Edi Brogi
- The Department of Pathology (Brogi), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Hiram S Cody
- The Breast Service, Department of Surgery (Cody III), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Rahul Deb
- The Department of Pathology, Royal Derby Hospital, University Hospitals of Derby and Burton, Derby, United Kingdom (Deb)
| | - Gelareh Farshid
- The Department of Anatomical Pathology, SA Pathology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia (Farshid).,School of Medicine, Adelaide University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia (Farshid)
| | - Sandra O'Toole
- The Department of Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia (O'Toole).,Sydney Medical School, University New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (O'Toole)
| | - Elena Provenzano
- NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom (Provenzano).,The Department of Histopathology, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom (Provenzano)
| | - Cecily M Quinn
- The Department of Histopathology, BreastCheck, Irish National Breast Screening Programme & St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland (Quinn).,University College Dublin, School of Medicine, Dublin, Ireland (Quinn)
| | - Aysegul A Sahin
- Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas (Sahin)
| | - Fernando Schmitt
- The Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty of Porto University, and Molecular Unit, Institute of Pathology and Immunology of Porto University, Porto, Portugal (Schmitt).,RISE (Health Research Network) @ CINTESIS (Center for Health Technology and Services Research), Porto, Portugal (Schmitt)
| | - Donald L Weaver
- The Department of Pathology, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington (Weaver)
| | - Rin Yamaguchi
- The Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kurume University Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan (Yamaguchi)
| | - Fleur Webster
- International Collaboration on Cancer Reporting, Sydney, NSW, Australia, and ICCR Project Manager, Surry Hills, Australia (Webster)
| | - Puay Hoon Tan
- Cambridge Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (ECMR), Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,The Division of Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Academia, Singapore (Tan)
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18
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Katayama A, Starczynski J, Toss MS, Shaaban AM, Provenzano E, Quinn CM, Callagy G, Purdie CA, Millican-Slater R, Purnell D, Chagla L, Oyama T, Pinder SE, Chan S, Ellis I, Lee AHS, Rakha EA. The frequency and clinical significance of centromere enumeration probe 17 alterations in HER2 immunohistochemistry-equivocal invasive breast cancer. Histopathology 2022; 81:511-519. [PMID: 35879836 PMCID: PMC9545957 DOI: 10.1111/his.14728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background and aims Chromosome 17 alterations affect the assessment of HER2 gene amplification in breast cancer (BC), but its clinical significance remains unclear. This study aimed to identify the prevalence of centromere enumeration probe 17 (CEP17) alterations, and its correlation with response to neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) in BC patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) immunohistochemistry‐equivocal score. Methods and results A large BC cohort (n = 6049) with HER2 immunohistochemistry score 2+ and florescent in‐situ hybridisation (FISH) results was included to assess the prevalence of CEP17 alterations. Another cohort (n = 885) with available clinicopathological data was used to evaluate the effect of CEP17 in the setting of NAT. HER2‐amplified tumours with monosomy 17 (CEP17 copy number < 1.5 per nucleus), normal 17 (CEP17 1.5–< 3.0) and polysomy 17 (CEP17 ≥ 3.0) were observed in 16, 59 and 25%, respectively, compared with 3, 74 and 23%, respectively, in HER2‐non‐amplified tumours. There was no significant relationship between CEP17 alterations and pathological complete response (pCR) rate in both HER2‐amplified and HER2‐non‐amplified tumours. The independent predictors of pCR were oestrogen (ER) negativity in HER2‐amplified tumours [ER negative versus positive; odds ratio (OR) = 11.80; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.37–102.00; P = 0.02], and histological grade 3 in HER2 non‐amplified tumours (3 versus 1, 2; OR = 5.54; 95% CI = 1.61–19.00; P = 0.007). Conclusion The impacts of CEP17 alterations are not as strong as those of HER2/CEP17 ratio and HER2 copy number. The hormonal receptors status and tumour histological grade are more useful to identify BC patients with a HER2 immunohistochemistry‐equivocal score who would benefit from NAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayaka Katayama
- Translational Medical Sciences Unit, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,Diagnostic Pathology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Jane Starczynski
- Department of Cellular Pathology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Edgebaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Michael S Toss
- Translational Medical Sciences Unit, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Abeer M Shaaban
- Department of Cellular Pathology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Edgebaston, Birmingham, UK.,Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, The University of Birmingham, Edgebaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Elena Provenzano
- Department of Histopathology, Cambridge University NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Cecily M Quinn
- Department of Histopathology, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, and School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Grace Callagy
- Discipline of Pathology, School of Medicine, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, NUI, Galway, Ireland
| | - Colin A Purdie
- Department of Breast Pathology, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, UK
| | | | - David Purnell
- Histopathology department, University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Leena Chagla
- Burney Breast Unit , St Helens and Knowsley Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, UK
| | - Tetsunari Oyama
- Diagnostic Pathology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Sarah E Pinder
- Division of Cancer Studies, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Steve Chan
- Department of Oncology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Ian Ellis
- Translational Medical Sciences Unit, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,Department of Histopathology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, City Hospital Nottingham, UK
| | - Andrew H S Lee
- Department of Histopathology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, City Hospital Nottingham, UK
| | - Emad A Rakha
- Translational Medical Sciences Unit, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.,Department of Histopathology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, City Hospital Nottingham, UK
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19
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Drewett L, Pinilla KA, Grybowicz L, Wulff J, Dayimu A, Demiris N, Lucey R, Vallier AL, Qian W, Machin A, McAdam K, Roylance R, Copson ER, Armstrong A, Levitt N, Provenzano E, Tischkowitz M, McMurtry E, Earl H, Abraham JE. Abstract CT562: PARTNER: Randomised, phase II/III trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the addition of Olaparib to Platinum-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy in triple negative and/or germline BRCA mutated breast cancer patients. Cancer Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-ct562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Triple Negative Breast Cancers (TNBC) are a biologically diverse and aggressive subgroup lacking targeted therapy. TNBC and Germline BRCA (gBRCA) breast cancer share certain phenotypic and molecular similarities, with gBRCA mutations seen in 10% to 20% of TNBC patients. Homologous recombination deficient tumours, especially those caused by germline or somatic BRCA mutations, are thought to be particularly sensitive to PARP inhibitors.
Aim: To establish if the addition of Olaparib to neoadjuvant Platinum-based chemotherapy in the treatment of basal TNBC and/or gBRCA breast cancer is safe and increases efficacy.
Trial design: 3-stage open label randomised phase II/III trial of neoadjuvant Paclitaxel and Carboplatin +/- Olaparib, followed by clinicians' choice of Anthracycline regimen. Stages 1 and 2: Randomisation (1:1:1) to control (3-weekly carboplatin AUC5/weekly with paclitaxel 80mg/m2 for 4 cycles), or to one of two research arms. These use an identical chemotherapy regimen and also include different treatment schedules of Olaparib 150mg BD for 12 days. Stage 3: Randomisation (1:1) to either the control or research arm chosen following stage 2. End-points: Stage 1: Safety; Stage 2: Schedule selection based on pCR rate and Olaparib completion rate using a “pick-the-winner” design. Stage 3: pCR rate. This trial includes an optional pathway (PARTNERING) for patients with evidence of residual disease after six chemotherapy cycles. This aims to establish if the addition of new agents (ATR inhibitor and PD-L1 inhibitor) improves treatment response.
Eligibility criteria: Aged 16-70; histologically confirmed invasive breast cancer; ER-negative, HER2-negative with TNBC basal phenotype or gBRCA positive, HER2-negative irrespective of hormone status; stage T1-4 N0-2; performance status 0-1; treatment within 6 weeks of diagnostic biopsy; biomarker scores: TILs, CK 5/6, EGFR +/- AR.
Statistical methods: The recruitment of TNBC non-gBRCA and gBRCA patients is independent. Enrichment design is applied with an overall significance level 0.05(α) and 80% power. A minimum of 780 patients will be included to detect an absolute improvement of 15% (all patients and TNBC non-gBRCA cohort) and 20% (gBRCA patients) by combining Olaparib with Platinum based chemotherapy. A minimum of 478 TNBC non-gBRCA and 188 gBRCA patients will be recruited. Each PARTNERING cohort will consist of 15 patients.
Current Enrollment: Since May 2016, 756 patients from 30 sites have been enrolled. Stages 1 and 2 are completed. An IDSMC review identified no safety concerns and Research Arm 2 was selected. This arm involves Olaparib administration on days 3-14. Stage 3 Phase I (recruitment of non-gBRCA and gBRCA patients) completed in December 2021. Stage 3 Phase II (recruitment of gBRCA patients only) remains open to patients to UK and internationally. 5 patients have been enrolled in PARTNERING.
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03150576
Citation Format: Lynsey Drewett, Karen A. Pinilla, Louise Grybowicz, Jerome Wulff, Alimu Dayimu, Nikolaos Demiris, Rebecca Lucey, Anne-Laure Vallier, Wendi Qian, Andrea Machin, PARTNER Research Team, Karen McAdam, Rebecca Roylance, Ellen R. Copson, Anne Armstrong, Nicola Levitt, Elena Provenzano, Marc Tischkowitz, Emma McMurtry, Helena Earl, Jean E. Abraham. PARTNER: Randomised, phase II/III trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the addition of Olaparib to Platinum-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy in triple negative and/or germline BRCA mutated breast cancer patients [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr CT562.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynsey Drewett
- 1University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Karen A. Pinilla
- 2University of Cambridge and Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Louise Grybowicz
- 3Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jerome Wulff
- 4Cambridge Clinical Trials Unit, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Alimu Dayimu
- 4Cambridge Clinical Trials Unit, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Rebecca Lucey
- 1University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Anne-Laure Vallier
- 3Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Wendi Qian
- 4Cambridge Clinical Trials Unit, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea Machin
- 3Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Karen McAdam
- 3Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca Roylance
- 5University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ellen R. Copson
- 6Cancer Sciences Academic Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Anne Armstrong
- 7The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola Levitt
- 8Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Elena Provenzano
- 3Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Emma McMurtry
- 10EMC2 Clinical Consultancy, Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Helena Earl
- 11The University of Cambridge and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jean E. Abraham
- 12The University of Cambridge, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Cambridge and Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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20
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Drewett L, Lucey R, Pinilla KA, Grybowicz L, Wulff J, Dayimu A, Demiris N, Vallier AL, Qian W, Machin A, McAdam K, Roylance R, Copson E, Armstrong AC, Levitt N, Provenzano E, Tischkowitz MD, McMurtry E, Earl HM, Abraham J. PARTNER: A randomized, phase II/III trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the addition of olaparib to platinum-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with triple-negative and/or germline BRCA-mutated breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2022.40.16_suppl.tps619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
TPS619 Background: Triple negative breast cancers (TNBCs) are a biologically diverse and aggressive subgroup lacking targeted therapy. TNBC and germline BRCA (gBRCA) breast cancer share certain phenotypic and molecular similarities, with gBRCA mutations seen in 10% to 20% of TNBC patients. Homologous recombination-deficient tumors, especially those caused by germline or somatic BRCA mutations, are thought to be particularly sensitive to PARP inhibitors. Methods: This is a 3-stage open-label randomized phase II/III trial of neoadjuvant paclitaxel and carboplatin +/- olaparib, followed by clinicians' choice of anthracycline regimen. The aim is to establish whether the addition of olaparib to neoadjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy in the treatment of basal TNBC and/or gBRCA breast cancer is safe and increases efficacy. In stages 1 and 2, all patients receive 4 cycles of 3-weekly carboplatin AUC5/weekly paclitaxel 80mg/m2. They are randomly assigned 1:1:1 to a control arm, or to one of two research arms. These research arms include different treatment schedules of olaparib 150 mg BD for 12 days. In stage 3, patients are randomly assigned 1:1 to either the control or research arm chosen following stage 2. The primary endpoints are: Stage 1: Safety; Stage 2: Schedule selection based on pCR rate and olaparib completion rate using a “pick-the-winner” design. Stage 3: pCR rate. Key eligibility criteria are age 16-70; histologically confirmed invasive breast cancer; ER-negative, HER2-negative with TNBC basal phenotype or gBRCA positive, HER2-negative irrespective of hormone status; stage T1-4 N0-2; performance status 0-1; treatment within 6 weeks of diagnostic biopsy; biomarker scores: TILs, CK 5/6, EGFR +/- AR. The recruitment of TNBC non-gBRCA and gBRCA patients is independent. Enrichment design is applied with an overall significance level 0.05(α) and 80% power. A minimum of 780 patients will be included to detect an absolute improvement of 15% (all patients) and 20% (gBRCA patients) by combining olaparib with platinum-based chemotherapy. This trial includes an optional pathway called PARTNERING for patients with residual disease after six chemotherapy cycles. This aims to establish if adding new agents (ATR inhibitor and PD-L1 inhibitor) improves treatment response. Each cohort will consist of 15 patients. Since May 2016, 756 patients from 30 sites have been enrolled. An IDSMC review following stages 1 and 2 identified no safety concerns and Research Arm 2 was selected (olaparib administration on days 3-14). Stage 3 phase I (recruitment of non-gBRCA and gBRCA patients) completed December 2021. Stage 3 phase II (recruitment of gBRCA patients) remains open to patients in the U.K. and internationally. 5 patients have enrolled in PARTNERING. Follow-up duration is 10 years. Clinical trial information: NCT03150576.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynsey Drewett
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge and Cambridge Breast Cancer Research Unit, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Jerome Wulff
- Cambridge Clinical Trials Unit-Cancer Theme, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Alimu Dayimu
- University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Nikos Demiris
- Cambridge Cancer Trials Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Anne-Laure Vallier
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Wendi Qian
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea Machin
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Karen McAdam
- Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca Roylance
- University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust & NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ellen Copson
- University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Anne C. Armstrong
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust and the Division of Cancer Sciences, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | | | - Elena Provenzano
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Helena Margaret Earl
- University of Cambridge, Department of Oncology & NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre & Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge Breast Cancer Research Unit, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jean Abraham
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre and Cambridge Breast Cancer Research Unit, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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21
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Shaaban AM, Provenzano E. Receptor Status after Neoadjuvant Therapy of Breast Cancer: Significance and Implications. Pathobiology 2022; 89:297-308. [PMID: 35636403 DOI: 10.1159/000521880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) is now established in routine management of early breast cancer. Alterations in oestrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) following NACT are reported, with wide variation in results across series. In larger series, changes in ER status are identified in 5-23%, whilst changes in PR status are more frequent (14.5-67%). HER2 status changes less frequently with loss being more common than gain, and higher rates of change with immunohistochemistry are observed compared to in situ hybridization and following HER2-targeted therapy compared with chemotherapy alone. Triple negative is the most stable molecular subtype with combined ER, and HER2-positive cancers show the highest rate of change. Neoadjuvant endocrine therapy is used less commonly than NACT, and whilst loss of ER is rare, changes in PR status can occur in up to 40% of cases. There is relatively little published data on the impact of change in receptor status on survival outcomes. In patients whose tumours become ER or HER2 positive post-NACT, endocrine or anti-HER2 therapy can be initiated, although evidence from clinical trials is lacking. Most guidelines do not currently recommend routine retesting; however it should be considered in some circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer M Shaaban
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham and Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Elena Provenzano
- Department of Pathology, Cambridge Breast Unit, and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Wang L, Rao A, Forouhi P, Provenzano E, Kleidi E. Breast cancer local recurrence rate after breast conservation surgery. Eur J Surg Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2022.03.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Danenberg E, Bardwell H, Zanotelli VRT, Provenzano E, Chin SF, Rueda OM, Green A, Rakha E, Aparicio S, Ellis IO, Bodenmiller B, Caldas C, Ali HR. Breast tumor microenvironment structures are associated with genomic features and clinical outcome. Nat Genet 2022; 54:660-669. [PMID: 35437329 PMCID: PMC7612730 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-022-01041-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The functions of the tumor microenvironment (TME) are orchestrated by precise spatial organization of specialized cells, yet little is known about the multicellular structures that form within the TME. Here we systematically mapped TME structures in situ using imaging mass cytometry and multitiered spatial analysis of 693 breast tumors linked to genomic and clinical data. We identified ten recurrent TME structures that varied by vascular content, stromal quiescence versus activation, and leukocyte composition. These TME structures had distinct enrichment patterns among breast cancer subtypes, and some were associated with genomic profiles indicative of immune escape. Regulatory and dysfunctional T cells co-occurred in large 'suppressed expansion' structures. These structures were characterized by high cellular diversity, proliferating cells and enrichment for BRCA1 and CASP8 mutations and predicted poor outcome in estrogen-receptor-positive disease. The multicellular structures revealed here link conserved spatial organization to local TME function and could improve patient stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Danenberg
- CRUK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Quantitative Biomedicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Helen Bardwell
- CRUK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Vito R T Zanotelli
- Department of Quantitative Biomedicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elena Provenzano
- Department of Histopathology, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Suet-Feung Chin
- CRUK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Oscar M Rueda
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrew Green
- Department of Pathology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Emad Rakha
- Department of Pathology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Samuel Aparicio
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ian O Ellis
- Department of Pathology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Bernd Bodenmiller
- Department of Quantitative Biomedicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Carlos Caldas
- CRUK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - H Raza Ali
- CRUK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Department of Quantitative Biomedicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
- Department of Histopathology, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, UK.
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Dumitru D, Ghanakumar S, Provenzano E, Benson JR. ASO Visual Abstract: A Prospective Study Evaluating the Accuracy of Indocyanine Green (ICG) Fluorescence Compared with Radioisotope for Sentinel Lymph Node (Sln) Detection in Early Breast Cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 2022. [PMID: 35192153 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-021-11313-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dorin Dumitru
- Breast Services, Breast Unit Castle Hill Hospital, Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Cottingham, UK. .,Hull York Medical School, Hull, UK.
| | - Sujit Ghanakumar
- Cambridge Breast Unit, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Elena Provenzano
- Cambridge Breast Unit, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - John R Benson
- Cambridge Breast Unit, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.,School of Medicine, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
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Kirwan CC, Hilton B, Clements K, Stobart H, Wallis M, Mylvaganam S, Provenzano E, Maxwell A, Sharma N, Shaaban A, Dodwell D, Dulson-Cox J, Sawyer E, Kearins O, Brace-McDonnell S, Pinder S, Thompson AM. Abstract P1-22-01: Predictors of inaccurate pre-operative size assessment of screen detected DCIS and impact on recurrence rates. Cancer Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs21-p1-22-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Disparity between mammographic and pathological sizing of DCIS can lead to surgical overtreatment, with poor cosmetic outcomes of breast conservation surgery (BCS) or inappropriate mastectomy versus undertreatment, with subsequent need for re-excision. In addition, where mammographic size is smaller than pathological size, this may reflect an increased risk of mammographically occult residual disease post surgery; where pathological size is smaller than mammographic size there is a possibility of pathological underestimation or missed positive margins, with both scenarios resulting in increased risk of recurrence. Methods: The Sloane Project, within the UK NHS Breast Screening Programme, is a prospective cohort study of screen detected DCIS (2003-2012), with recurrence data for a median follow-up of 9 years. The NHS Breast Screening Programme screens women from age 50-70. We assessed factors associated with mammographic/pathology disparity, leading to i) 'downsizing' from pre-operative mammographic size estimation to final surgically resected pathological size or ii) 'upsizing' from pre-operative mammographic size to surgically resected pathological size. We defined 'downsizing' as pathological size <10mm or <5mm (largest diameter) smaller than mammographic size and 'upsizing' as pathological size >10mm or >5mm larger than mammographic size. Ipsilateral recurrence rates were determined in patients with mammographic/pathology disparity (downsized or upsized) compared to those with accurate preoperative sizing. Results: Using a 10mm size disparity, among 10829 patients, DCIS was downsized (pathological size smaller than mammographic size) in 26%, upsized in 19% and similar in 54%. Mastectomy was associated with marked mammographic/pathology disparity, with a 3.90RR of downsizing (p<0.0001, 95% C.I 3.52,4.31) and a 4.72RR of upsizing (p<0.0001,95% C.I 4.23, 5.27). Presence of microcalcification was associated with mammographic/pathology disparity, yielding a 1.29 RR of downsizing (p=0.0034, 95% C.I. 1.09,1.54) and 1.53 RR of upsizing (p<0.0001, 95% C.I. 1.25,1.88). Casting or linear calcification (compared to granular or punctate) was associated with a 2-fold RR of downsizing. For each 1mm increase in mammographic size, the relative risk (RR) of downsizing increased by 1.07 times (p<0.0001, 95% CI 1.073,1.080). A 1.01 RR of downsizing for every 1 year younger (p=0.0002, 95% CI 1.01,1.02), contrasted with a 1.44 RR of upsizing with high mammographic density.
The results remained similar when patients prescribed endocrine therapy or radiotherapy were excluded. Re-excision (but not completion mastectomy) is associated with increased recurrence, with recurrence occurring in 237 of 5157 not requiring re-excision but 99 of 1488 requiring re-excision; RR: 1.45 (1.15-1.82). Conclusion: Large mammographic size, microcalcification casting features and young age (size overestimation) versus microcalcification and high density (size underestimation) should be considered in selecting surgery for DCIS. Mammographic/pathology disparity of only 5mm, whether this leads to downsizing or upsizing, is associated with an increased risk of ipsilateral recurrence after breast conservation.
Table 1.In patients undergoing breast conservation, impact of 10mm and 5 mm mammographic/pathology disparity on ipsilateral recurrence rateTotalIpsilateral recurrence, n (%)RR (CI)Change in size of >10mmNo change3062158 (5.2%)1downsized111666 (5.9%)1.15 (0.87-1.51)upsized52036 (6.9%)1.34 (0.95-1.90)unknown19112 (6.3%)1.22 (0.69-2.15)TOTAL4889272 (5.6%)Change in size of >5mmNo change2783118 (4.2%)1downsized1953115 (5.9%)1.39 (1.08-1.78)upsized139580 (5.7%)1.35 (1.03-1.78)unknown23814 (5.9%)1.39 (0.81-2.38)TOTAL6369327 (5.1%)
Citation Format: Cliona Clare Kirwan, Bridget Hilton, Karen Clements, Hilary Stobart, Matthew Wallis, Senthurun Mylvaganam, Elena Provenzano, Anthony Maxwell, Nisha Sharma, Abeer Shaaban, David Dodwell, Joanne Dulson-Cox, Elinor Sawyer, Olive Kearins, Samantha Brace-McDonnell, Sarah Pinder, Alastair M Thompson. Predictors of inaccurate pre-operative size assessment of screen detected DCIS and impact on recurrence rates [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-22-01.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hilary Stobart
- Independent Cancer Patients Voice, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | - Nisha Sharma
- Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Abeer Shaaban
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham and University of Birmingham,, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Elinor Sawyer
- King's College Londonand Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Sarah Pinder
- King's College Londonand Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
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Shaaban AM, Hilton B, Clements K, Dodwell D, Sharma N, Kirwan C, Sawyer E, Maxwell A, Wallis M, Stobart H, Mylvaganam S, Litherland J, Brace-Mcdonnell S, Dulson-Cox J, Kearins O, Provenzano E, Pinder S, Thompson A. Abstract P3-12-36: The diagnosis and prognosis of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) with microinvasion - Results from the United Kingdom Sloane project. Cancer Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs21-p3-12-36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background/objectives The natural history of microinvasive carcinoma of the breast (one or more foci of invasion of 1mm or less) and its optimal management remain controversial. We analysed the frequency and outcome of patients with DCIS plus microinvasion within a large prospective cohort of screen-detected DCIS. Methods Patients with screen-detected DCIS diagnosed between 2003 and 2012 with or without microinvasion in the final surgical specimen were identified from the UK Sloane Project database. Comprehensive imaging, surgical, pathology, oncology and subsequent outcome data were collected with a median follow-up of 9 years. Results Among 11285 DCIS patients diagnosed in the UK, microinvasion was reported in 521 (4.6%). The frequency of reported microinvasion varied considerably among screening units (0-25%) but overall decreased from 7% in 2003/04 to 3% in 2011/12.As reported elsewhere, microinvasion was significantly associated with high grade DCIS (5.9% of 7182 cases) compared to 2.9% of intermediate grade and <1% of low grade DCIS (p<0.001, Chi square test). Microinvasion was associated with larger DCIS size (p<0.001) 2.2% of DCIS <10mm, 3.9% of DCIS 10-20mm, 5.8% of DCIS 20-30mm, 5.2% of DCIS 30-40mm and 8.0% of DCIS >40mm had microinvasive foci reported. Microinvasion was also associated with the presence of comedo necrosis (p<0.001), and solid (p<0.001), cribriform (p<0.001) or flat (p=0.03) DCIS architecture.Microinvasion was identified more frequently in patients who underwent mastectomy (6.9%) than in those who had breast conserving surgery (BCS) (3.6%; p<0.001). Axillary nodal surgery was more commonly performed for microinvasion (60.4% compared to 30.3%) including for patients undergoing BCS (43.4% vs 8.5% of all patients with BCS; p<0.001). The rate of nodal metastasis was, however, low and not statistically significantly different between those with and without microinvasion (0.4% and 0.1% respectively, p=0.27).Patients with microinvasion who underwent BCS were also more likely to receive radiotherapy (p<0.001). There was no significant association between the presence or absence of microinvasion with margin status or width. Subsequent events data for England showed that microinvasion was associated with a low rate of ipsilateral subsequent events, with 2.3% of patients having recurrent DCIS and 4.2% developing invasive carcinoma. This was not statistically significantly different from DCIS without microinvasion. All subsequent ipsilateral DCIS events in patients with microinvasion were of high grade. The majority (71.4%) of subsequent ipsilateral invasive carcinomas were of grade 3 compared with only 30.4% of grade 3 carcinomas in patients with DCIS without microinvasion (p=0.02). Breast cancer mortality was significantly higher in women whose tumours showed microinvasion (2.1%) compared with those without it (0.8%; p=0.005). Conclusions Microinvasion was most commonly identified within high-grade DCIS and in larger DCIS lesions, and was associated with comedo necrosis. Its pathological reporting decreased over a 10-year period, but there was significant variation between departments, which requires further evaluation. Patients with DCIS plus microinvasion were more likely to have undergone mastectomy, axillary node surgery and to receive radiotherapy after BCS. Microinvasive breast carcinoma was associated with a low rate of subsequent in situ/invasive events and had a good prognosis but, nevertheless, a higher breast cancer mortality than DCIS without microinvasion.
Citation Format: Abeer M Shaaban, Bridget Hilton, Karen Clements, David Dodwell, Nisha Sharma, Cliona Kirwan, Elinor Sawyer, Anthony Maxwell, Matthew Wallis, Hilary Stobart, Senthurun Mylvaganam, Janet.Litherland Litherland, Samantha Brace-Mcdonnell, Joanne Dulson-Cox, Olive Kearins, Elena Provenzano, Sarah Pinder, Alastair Thompson. The diagnosis and prognosis of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) with microinvasion - Results from the United Kingdom Sloane project [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-12-36.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer M Shaaban
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham and University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Bridget Hilton
- Public Health England Screening, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Karen Clements
- Public Health England Screening, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | | | - Nisha Sharma
- Leeds Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Cliona Kirwan
- University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Elinor Sawyer
- King’s College London and Guy’s and St Thomas’ Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Matthew Wallis
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Hilary Stobart
- Independent Cancer Patient Voice, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | - Olive Kearins
- Public Health England Screening, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Elena Provenzano
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Pinder
- King's College London and Guy’s and St Thomas’ Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
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Drewett LM, Pinilla KA, Grybowicz L, Wulff J, Dayimu A, Demiris N, Martin J, de Pontes CM, Johnson N, Harvey C, Demir E, Green KSJ, Jones J, Young G, Vallier AL, Qian W, Machin A, McAdam K, Roylance R, Copson ER, Armstrong A, Levitt N, Provenzano E, Tischkowitz M, McMurtry E, Earl H, Abraham JE. Abstract OT2-24-01: PARTNER: Randomised, phase II/III trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the addition of olaparib to platinum-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy in triple negative and/or germline BRCA mutated breast cancer patients. Cancer Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs21-ot2-24-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Triple Negative Breast Cancers (TNBC) are a biologically diverse and aggressive subgroup lacking targeted therapy. Germline BRCA (gBRCA) breast cancer and TNBC share some phenotypic and molecular similarities, with 10%-20% of TNBC patients having gBRCA mutations. Homologous recombination deficient tumours are particularly sensitive to PARP inhibitors such as olaparib (Lynparza). It has been shown that adjuvant olaparib for patients with high-risk, HER2-negative early breast cancer and gBRCA pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants after adjuvant or neoadjuvant chemotherapy significantly improves 3-year invasive and distant disease-free survival compared to placebo (OlympiA). Aim: To establish if the addition of olaparib to neoadjuvant platinum based chemotherapy for basal TNBC and/or gBRCA breast cancer is safe and improves efficacy (pathological complete response (pCR) rate). Trial design: 3-stage open label randomised phase II/III trial of neoadjuvant paclitaxel and carboplatin +/- olaparib, followed by clinicians' choice of anthracycline regimen. Stage 1 and 2: Randomisation (1:1:1) to either control (3 weekly carboplatin AUC5/weekly paclitaxel 80mg/m2 for 4 cycles) or one of two research arms with the same chemotherapy regimen but with two different schedules of olaparib 150mg BD for 12 days. Stage 3: Randomisation (1:1) to either control arm or to the research arm selected in stage 2. End-points: Stage 1: Safety; Stage 2: Schedule selection using pCR rate and completion rate of olaparib using a “pick-the-winner” design. Stage 3: pCR rate. This trial includes an optional pathway (PARTNERING) aiming to establish if the addition of new agents (ATR inhibitor and PDL1 inhibitor) can improve response in those patients with evidence of residual disease before surgery. Eligibility criteria: Aged 16-70; histologically confirmed invasive breast cancer; ER-negative, HER2-negative with TNBC basal phenotype or gBRCA positive, HER2-negative irrespective of hormone status; clinical stage T1-4 N0-2; performance status 0-1; treatment commenced within 6 weeks of diagnostic biopsy; biomarker scores: TILs, CK 5/6, EGFR +/- AR. Statistical methods: The recruitment of TNBC non-gBRCA and gBRCA patients is independent. Enrichment design is applied with an overall significance level 0.05(α) and 80% power. A minimum of 780 patients will be included to detect an absolute improvement of 15% (all patients and the TNBC non-gBRCA cohort) and 20% (gBRCA patients) by adding olaparib to platinum based chemotherapy. It is planned to recruit a minimum of 188 gBRCA patients. A maximum of 15 patients will be allocated into each PARTNERING cohort. Present accrual: Recruitment commenced 27 May 2016 and 678 patients from 30 sites have been accrued to date. The IDSMC reviewed the trial after Stages 1 and 2 and recommended to continue the trial without change. Data analysis for Stage 2 revealed no safety concerns and research arm 2 (olaparib on day 3 to day 14) was selected. Stage 3 Phase I recruitment is in progress (recruiting TNBC non-gBRCA and gBRCA patients) and we anticipate moving to Phase II (recruiting gBRCA patients only) by early 2022. Four patients have been accrued to the PARTNERING optional pathway to date. The trial is open and enrolling patients to UK and international sites. Contact information: partner@addenbrookes.nhs.uk
Citation Format: Lynsey M Drewett, Karen A Pinilla, Louise Grybowicz, Jerome Wulff, Alimu Dayimu, Nikolaos Demiris, Jessica Martin, Camila Maida de Pontes, Nicola Johnson, Caron Harvey, Erdem Demir, Kimberley St John Green, James Jones, Gemma Young, Anne-Laure Vallier, Wendi Qian, Andrea Machin, Karen McAdam, Rebecca Roylance, Ellen R Copson, Anne Armstrong, Nicola Levitt, Elena Provenzano, Marc Tischkowitz, Emma McMurtry, Helena Earl, Jean E Abraham. PARTNER: Randomised, phase II/III trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the addition of olaparib to platinum-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy in triple negative and/or germline BRCA mutated breast cancer patients [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr OT2-24-01.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynsey M Drewett
- The University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Karen A Pinilla
- The University of Cambridge and Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Louise Grybowicz
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jerome Wulff
- Cambridge Clinical Trials Unit, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Alimu Dayimu
- Cambridge Clinical Trials Unit, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Jessica Martin
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Nicola Johnson
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Caron Harvey
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Erdem Demir
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - James Jones
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Gemma Young
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Anne-Laure Vallier
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Wendi Qian
- Cambridge Clinical Trials Unit, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea Machin
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Karen McAdam
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca Roylance
- University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ellen R Copson
- Cancer Sciences Academic Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Anne Armstrong
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola Levitt
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Elena Provenzano
- Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Emma McMurtry
- EMC2 Clinical Consultancy, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Helena Earl
- The University of Cambridge and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jean E Abraham
- The University of Cambridge, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Maxwell AJ, Hilton B, Clements K, Dodwell D, Dulson-Cox J, Kearins O, Kirwan C, Litherland J, Mylvaganam S, Provenzano E, Pinder SE, Sawyer E, Shaaban AM, Sharma N, Stobart H, Wallis MG, Thompson AM. Unresected screen-detected ductal carcinoma in situ: Outcomes of 311 women in the Forget-Me-Not 2 study. Breast 2022; 61:145-155. [PMID: 34999428 PMCID: PMC8753270 DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2022.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The natural history of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is poorly understood. The aim of this cohort study was to determine the outcomes of women who had no surgery for screen-detected DCIS in the 6 months following diagnosis. METHODS English breast screening databases were retrospectively searched for women diagnosed with DCIS without invasive cancer at screening and who had no record of surgery within 6 months of diagnosis. These were cross-referenced with cancer registry data. Details of the potentially eligible women were sent to the relevant breast screening units for verification and for completion of data forms detailing clinical, radiological and pathological findings, non-surgical treatment and subsequent clinical course. RESULTS Data for 311 eligible women (median age 62 years) were available. 60 women developed invasive cancer, 56 ipsilateral and 4 contralateral. Ipsilateral invasion risk increased approximately linearly with time for at least 10 years. The 10-year cumulative risk of ipsilateral invasion was 9% (95% CI 4-21%), 39% (24-58%) and 36% (24-50%) for low, intermediate and high grade DCIS respectively and was higher in younger women, in those with larger DCIS lesions and in those with microinvasion. Most invasive cancers that developed were grade 2 or 3. CONCLUSION The findings suggest that active surveillance may be a reasonable alternative to surgery in patients with low grade DCIS but that women with intermediate or high grade disease should continue to be offered surgery. This highlights the importance of reproducible grading of DCIS to ensure patients receive appropriate treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J Maxwell
- Nightingale Centre, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Southmoor Road, Manchester, M23 9LT, UK; Division of Informatics, Imaging & Data Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.
| | - Bridget Hilton
- Public Health England, 5 St Philip's Place, Birmingham, B3 2PW, UK.
| | - Karen Clements
- Public Health England, 5 St Philip's Place, Birmingham, B3 2PW, UK.
| | - David Dodwell
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Richard Doll Building, Old Road Campus, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK.
| | | | - Olive Kearins
- Public Health England, 5 St Philip's Place, Birmingham, B3 2PW, UK.
| | - Cliona Kirwan
- Nightingale Centre, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Southmoor Road, Manchester, M23 9LT, UK; Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.
| | - Janet Litherland
- West of Scotland Breast Screening Centre, Nelson Mandela Place, Glasgow, G2 1QY, UK.
| | - Senthurun Mylvaganam
- New Cross Hospital, Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust, Wolverhampton Road, Wolverhampton, WV10 0QP, UK.
| | - Elena Provenzano
- Department of Histopathology (Box 235), Addenbrookes Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.
| | - Sarah E Pinder
- Division of Cancer Studies, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, St Thomas Street, London, SE1 9RT, UK.
| | - Elinor Sawyer
- School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kings College London, Guy's Cancer Centre, Great Maze Pond, London, SE1 9RT, UK.
| | - Abeer M Shaaban
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham and University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2GW, UK.
| | - Nisha Sharma
- Leeds Wakefield Breast Screening Service, Seacroft Hospital, York Road, Leeds, LS14 6UH, UK.
| | - Hilary Stobart
- Independent Cancer Patients' Voice, 17 Woodbridge Street, London, EC1R 0LL, UK.
| | - Matthew G Wallis
- Cambridge Breast Unit, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge & NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.
| | - Alastair M Thompson
- Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Dumitru D, Ghanakumar S, Provenzano E, Benson JR. A Prospective Study Evaluating the Accuracy of Indocyanine Green (ICG) Fluorescence Compared with Radioisotope for Sentinel Lymph Node (SLN) Detection in Early Breast Cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 2022; 29:3014-3020. [DOI: 10.1245/s10434-021-11255-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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30
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Jenkinson D, Freeman K, Clements K, Hilton B, Dulson-Cox J, Kearins O, Stallard N, Wallis MG, Sharma N, Kirwan C, Pinder S, Provenzano E, Shaaban AM, Stobart H, McDonnell S, Thompson AM, Taylor-Phillips S. Breast screening atypia and subsequent development of cancer: protocol for an observational analysis of the Sloane database in England (Sloane atypia cohort study). BMJ Open 2022; 12:e058050. [PMID: 34996804 PMCID: PMC8744119 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-058050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The National Health Service (NHS) Breast Screening Programme aims to detect cancer earlier when treatment is more effective but can harm women by over diagnosing and overtreating cancers which would never have become symptomatic. As well as breast cancer, a spectrum of atypical epithelial proliferations (atypia) can also be detected as part of screening. This spectrum of changes, while not cancer, may mean that a woman is more likely to develop breast cancer in the future. Follow-up of atypia is not evidence based. We currently do not know which atypia should be detected to avoid future cancer. This study will explore how atypia develops into breast cancer in terms of number of women, time of cancer development, cancer type and severity, and whether this varies for different types of atypia. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The Sloane cohort study began in April 2003 with ongoing data collection including atypia diagnosed through screening at screening units in the UK. The database for England has 3645 cases (24 September 2020) of epithelial atypia, with follow-up from 1 to 15 years. The outcomes include subsequent invasive breast cancer and the nature of subsequent cancer. Descriptive statistics will be produced. The observed rates of breast cancer at 1, 3 and 6 years for types of atypia will be reported with CIs, to enable comparison to women in the general population. Time to event methods will be used to describe the time to breast cancer diagnosis for the types of atypia, including flexible parametric modelling if appropriate. Patient representatives from Independent Cancer Patients' Voice are included at every stage of the research. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study has received research ethics approval from the University of Warwick Biomedical and Scientific Research Ethics Committee (BSREC 10/20-21, 8 October 2020), Public Health England office for data release approvals (ODR1718_313) and approval from the English Breast Research Advisory Committee (BSPRAC_031). The findings will be disseminated to breast screening clinicians (via journal publication and conference presentation), to the NHS Breast Screening Programme to update their guidelines on how women with atypia should be followed up, and to the general public.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Karen Clements
- Screening Quality Assurance Services, NHS England and NHS Improvement, Birmingham, UK
| | - Bridget Hilton
- Screening Quality Assurance Services, NHS England and NHS Improvement, Birmingham, UK
| | - Joanne Dulson-Cox
- Screening Quality Assurance Services, NHS England and NHS Improvement, Birmingham, UK
| | - Olive Kearins
- Screening Quality Assurance Services, NHS England and NHS Improvement, Birmingham, UK
| | - Nigel Stallard
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Matthew G Wallis
- Cambridge Breast Unit and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nisha Sharma
- Breast Screening Unit, Seacroft Hospital, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Cliona Kirwan
- Department of Surgery, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Sarah Pinder
- School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- Comprehensive Cancer Centre at Guy's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Elena Provenzano
- Histopathology and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Abeer M Shaaban
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | | | | | - Alastair M Thompson
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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31
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Sammut SJ, Crispin-Ortuzar M, Chin SF, Provenzano E, Bardwell HA, Ma W, Cope W, Dariush A, Dawson SJ, Abraham JE, Dunn J, Hiller L, Thomas J, Cameron DA, Bartlett JMS, Hayward L, Pharoah PD, Markowetz F, Rueda OM, Earl HM, Caldas C. Multi-omic machine learning predictor of breast cancer therapy response. Nature 2022; 601:623-629. [PMID: 34875674 PMCID: PMC8791834 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-04278-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancers are complex ecosystems of malignant cells and the tumour microenvironment1. The composition of these tumour ecosystems and interactions within them contribute to responses to cytotoxic therapy2. Efforts to build response predictors have not incorporated this knowledge. We collected clinical, digital pathology, genomic and transcriptomic profiles of pre-treatment biopsies of breast tumours from 168 patients treated with chemotherapy with or without HER2 (encoded by ERBB2)-targeted therapy before surgery. Pathology end points (complete response or residual disease) at surgery3 were then correlated with multi-omic features in these diagnostic biopsies. Here we show that response to treatment is modulated by the pre-treated tumour ecosystem, and its multi-omics landscape can be integrated in predictive models using machine learning. The degree of residual disease following therapy is monotonically associated with pre-therapy features, including tumour mutational and copy number landscapes, tumour proliferation, immune infiltration and T cell dysfunction and exclusion. Combining these features into a multi-omic machine learning model predicted a pathological complete response in an external validation cohort (75 patients) with an area under the curve of 0.87. In conclusion, response to therapy is determined by the baseline characteristics of the totality of the tumour ecosystem captured through data integration and machine learning. This approach could be used to develop predictors for other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen-John Sammut
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- CRUK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (ECMC) and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mireia Crispin-Ortuzar
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Suet-Feung Chin
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Elena Provenzano
- CRUK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (ECMC) and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Helen A Bardwell
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Wenxin Ma
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Wei Cope
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ali Dariush
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, UK
- Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sarah-Jane Dawson
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Centre of Cancer Research and Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jean E Abraham
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- CRUK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (ECMC) and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Janet Dunn
- Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Louise Hiller
- Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Jeremy Thomas
- Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
- Q2 Laboratory Solutions, Livingston, UK
| | - David A Cameron
- Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - John M S Bartlett
- Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
- Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Larry Hayward
- Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Paul D Pharoah
- CRUK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (ECMC) and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
- Strangeways Research Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Florian Markowetz
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Oscar M Rueda
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, UK
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Helena M Earl
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- CRUK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (ECMC) and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Carlos Caldas
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, UK.
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- CRUK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre (ECMC) and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.
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Yau C, Osdoit M, van der Noordaa M, Shad S, Wei J, de Croze D, Hamy AS, Laé M, Reyal F, Sonke GS, Steenbruggen TG, van Seijen M, Wesseling J, Martín M, Del Monte-Millán M, López-Tarruella S, Boughey JC, Goetz MP, Hoskin T, Gould R, Valero V, Edge SB, Abraham JE, Bartlett JMS, Caldas C, Dunn J, Earl H, Hayward L, Hiller L, Provenzano E, Sammut SJ, Thomas JS, Cameron D, Graham A, Hall P, Mackintosh L, Fan F, Godwin AK, Schwensen K, Sharma P, DeMichele AM, Cole K, Pusztai L, Kim MO, van 't Veer LJ, Esserman LJ, Symmans WF. Residual cancer burden after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and long-term survival outcomes in breast cancer: a multicentre pooled analysis of 5161 patients. Lancet Oncol 2022; 23:149-160. [PMID: 34902335 PMCID: PMC9455620 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(21)00589-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have independently validated the prognostic relevance of residual cancer burden (RCB) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. We used results from several independent cohorts in a pooled patient-level analysis to evaluate the relationship of RCB with long-term prognosis across different phenotypic subtypes of breast cancer, to assess generalisability in a broad range of practice settings. METHODS In this pooled analysis, 12 institutes and trials in Europe and the USA were identified by personal communications with site investigators. We obtained participant-level RCB results, and data on clinical and pathological stage, tumour subtype and grade, and treatment and follow-up in November, 2019, from patients (aged ≥18 years) with primary stage I-III breast cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery. We assessed the association between the continuous RCB score and the primary study outcome, event-free survival, using mixed-effects Cox models with the incorporation of random RCB and cohort effects to account for between-study heterogeneity, and stratification to account for differences in baseline hazard across cancer subtypes defined by hormone receptor status and HER2 status. The association was further evaluated within each breast cancer subtype in multivariable analyses incorporating random RCB and cohort effects and adjustments for age and pretreatment clinical T category, nodal status, and tumour grade. Kaplan-Meier estimates of event-free survival at 3, 5, and 10 years were computed for each RCB class within each subtype. FINDINGS We analysed participant-level data from 5161 patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy between Sept 12, 1994, and Feb 11, 2019. Median age was 49 years (IQR 20-80). 1164 event-free survival events occurred during follow-up (median follow-up 56 months [IQR 0-186]). RCB score was prognostic within each breast cancer subtype, with higher RCB score significantly associated with worse event-free survival. The univariable hazard ratio (HR) associated with one unit increase in RCB ranged from 1·55 (95% CI 1·41-1·71) for hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative patients to 2·16 (1·79-2·61) for the hormone receptor-negative, HER2-positive group (with or without HER2-targeted therapy; p<0·0001 for all subtypes). RCB score remained prognostic for event-free survival in multivariable models adjusted for age, grade, T category, and nodal status at baseline: the adjusted HR ranged from 1·52 (1·36-1·69) in the hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative group to 2·09 (1·73-2·53) in the hormone receptor-negative, HER2-positive group (p<0·0001 for all subtypes). INTERPRETATION RCB score and class were independently prognostic in all subtypes of breast cancer, and generalisable to multiple practice settings. Although variability in hormone receptor subtype definitions and treatment across patients are likely to affect prognostic performance, the association we observed between RCB and a patient's residual risk suggests that prospective evaluation of RCB could be considered to become part of standard pathology reporting after neoadjuvant therapy. FUNDING National Cancer Institute at the US National Institutes of Health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Yau
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Marie Osdoit
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Surgery, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | | | - Sonal Shad
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jane Wei
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Diane de Croze
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | | | - Marick Laé
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institut Curie, Paris, France; Department of Pathology, Université de Rouen Normandie, Rouen, France
| | - Fabien Reyal
- Department of Surgery, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Gabe S Sonke
- Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Tessa G Steenbruggen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Maartje van Seijen
- Department of Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jelle Wesseling
- Department of Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Miguel Martín
- Department of Medical Oncology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Del Monte-Millán
- Department of Medical Oncology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara López-Tarruella
- Department of Medical Oncology, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Tanya Hoskin
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Rebekah Gould
- Department of Pathology and Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Vicente Valero
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Stephen B Edge
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Jean E Abraham
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - John M S Bartlett
- Diagnostic Development Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Canada; Deanery of Molecular, Genetic and Population Health Sciences, Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, Edinburgh, UK; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Carlos Caldas
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Janet Dunn
- Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Helena Earl
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Larry Hayward
- Department of Oncology, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Louise Hiller
- Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Elena Provenzano
- Department of Histopathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Jeremy S Thomas
- Department of Pathology, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - David Cameron
- Department of Oncology, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ashley Graham
- Department of Pathology, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Peter Hall
- Department of Oncology, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Lorna Mackintosh
- Department of Pathology, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Fang Fan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Andrew K Godwin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Kelsey Schwensen
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Priyanka Sharma
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Angela M DeMichele
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kimberly Cole
- Department of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Lajos Pusztai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Mi-Ok Kim
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Laura J van 't Veer
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Laura J Esserman
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - W Fraser Symmans
- Department of Pathology and Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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El Bairi K, Haynes HR, Blackley E, Fineberg S, Shear J, Turner S, de Freitas JR, Sur D, Amendola LC, Gharib M, Kallala A, Arun I, Azmoudeh-Ardalan F, Fujimoto L, Sua LF, Liu SW, Lien HC, Kirtani P, Balancin M, El Attar H, Guleria P, Yang W, Shash E, Chen IC, Bautista V, Do Prado Moura JF, Rapoport BL, Castaneda C, Spengler E, Acosta-Haab G, Frahm I, Sanchez J, Castillo M, Bouchmaa N, Md Zin RR, Shui R, Onyuma T, Yang W, Husain Z, Willard-Gallo K, Coosemans A, Perez EA, Provenzano E, Ericsson PG, Richardet E, Mehrotra R, Sarancone S, Ehinger A, Rimm DL, Bartlett JMS, Viale G, Denkert C, Hida AI, Sotiriou C, Loibl S, Hewitt SM, Badve S, Symmans WF, Kim RS, Pruneri G, Goel S, Francis PA, Inurrigarro G, Yamaguchi R, Garcia-Rivello H, Horlings H, Afqir S, Salgado R, Adams S, Kok M, Dieci MV, Michiels S, Demaria S, Loi S. The tale of TILs in breast cancer: A report from The International Immuno-Oncology Biomarker Working Group. NPJ Breast Cancer 2021; 7:150. [PMID: 34853355 PMCID: PMC8636568 DOI: 10.1038/s41523-021-00346-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The advent of immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in modern oncology has significantly improved survival in several cancer settings. A subgroup of women with breast cancer (BC) has immunogenic infiltration of lymphocytes with expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). These patients may potentially benefit from ICI targeting the programmed death 1 (PD-1)/PD-L1 signaling axis. The use of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) as predictive and prognostic biomarkers has been under intense examination. Emerging data suggest that TILs are associated with response to both cytotoxic treatments and immunotherapy, particularly for patients with triple-negative BC. In this review from The International Immuno-Oncology Biomarker Working Group, we discuss (a) the biological understanding of TILs, (b) their analytical and clinical validity and efforts toward the clinical utility in BC, and (c) the current status of PD-L1 and TIL testing across different continents, including experiences from low-to-middle-income countries, incorporating also the view of a patient advocate. This information will help set the stage for future approaches to optimize the understanding and clinical utilization of TIL analysis in patients with BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid El Bairi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed Ist University, Oujda, Morocco.
| | - Harry R Haynes
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Great Western Hospital, Swindon, UK
- Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Elizabeth Blackley
- Division of Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Susan Fineberg
- Department of Pathology, Montefiore Medical Center and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Jeffrey Shear
- Chief Information Officer, WISS & Company, LLP and President J. Shear Consulting, LLC-Ardsley, Ardsley, NY, USA
| | | | - Juliana Ribeiro de Freitas
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Medical School of the Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Daniel Sur
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Medicine "I. Hatieganu", Cluj Napoca, Romania
| | | | - Masoumeh Gharib
- Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Indu Arun
- Department of Histopathology, Tata Medical Center, Kolkata, India
| | - Farid Azmoudeh-Ardalan
- Department of Pathology, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Luciana Fujimoto
- Pathology and Legal Medicine, Amazon Federal University, Belém, Brazil
| | - Luz F Sua
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Fundacion Valle del Lili, and Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad ICESI, Cali, Colombia
| | | | - Huang-Chun Lien
- Department of Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pawan Kirtani
- Department of Histopathology, Manipal Hospitals Dwarka, New Delhi, India
| | - Marcelo Balancin
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Prerna Guleria
- Army Hospital Research and Referral, Delhi Cantt, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Emad Shash
- Breast Cancer Comprehensive Center, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - I-Chun Chen
- Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Veronica Bautista
- Department of Pathology, Breast Cancer Center FUCAM, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Bernardo L Rapoport
- The Medical Oncology Centre of Rosebank, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, corner Doctor Savage Road and Bophelo Road, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa
| | - Carlos Castaneda
- Department of Medical Oncology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas, Lima, 15038, Peru
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Cientifica del Sur, Lima, Peru
| | - Eunice Spengler
- Departmento de Patologia, Hospital Universitario Austral, Pilar, Argentina
| | - Gabriela Acosta-Haab
- Department of Pathology, Hospital de Oncología Maria Curie, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Isabel Frahm
- Department of Pathology, Sanatorio Mater Dei, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Joselyn Sanchez
- Department of Research, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplasicas, Lima, 15038, Peru
| | - Miluska Castillo
- Department of Research, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplasicas, Lima, 15038, Peru
| | - Najat Bouchmaa
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), 43 150, Ben-Guerir, Morocco
| | - Reena R Md Zin
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, UKM Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ruohong Shui
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Wentao Yang
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Karen Willard-Gallo
- Molecular Immunology Unit, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - An Coosemans
- Laboratory of Tumour Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Edith A Perez
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Elena Provenzano
- Department of Histopathology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Paula Gonzalez Ericsson
- Breast Cancer Program, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Eduardo Richardet
- Clinical Oncology Unit, Instituto Oncológico Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Ravi Mehrotra
- India Cancer Research Consortium-ICMR, Department of Health Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Sandra Sarancone
- Department of Pathology, Laboratorio QUANTUM, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Anna Ehinger
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Pathology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - David L Rimm
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - John M S Bartlett
- Diagnostic Development, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Canada
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Giuseppe Viale
- Department of Pathology, Istituto Europeo di Oncologia IRCCS, and University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Carsten Denkert
- Institute of Pathology, Universitätsklinikum Gießen und Marburg GmbH, Standort Marburg and Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Akira I Hida
- Department of Pathology, Matsuyama Shimin Hospital, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Christos Sotiriou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Stephen M Hewitt
- Laboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sunil Badve
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, USA
| | - William Fraser Symmans
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rim S Kim
- National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project (NSABP)/NRG Oncology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Giancarlo Pruneri
- Department of Pathology, RCCS Fondazione Istituto Nazionale Tumori and University of Milan, School of Medicine, Milan, Italy
| | - Shom Goel
- Division of Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Prudence A Francis
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Medical Oncology Department, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Rin Yamaguchi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kurume University Medical Center, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hernan Garcia-Rivello
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Hugo Horlings
- Division of Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Said Afqir
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed Ist University, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Roberto Salgado
- Division of Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Pathology, GZA-ZNA Hospitals, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sylvia Adams
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Medical School, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marleen Kok
- Divisions of Medical Oncology, Molecular Oncology & Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maria Vittoria Dieci
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Medical Oncology 2, Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV-IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - Stefan Michiels
- Service de Biostatistique et d'Epidémiologie, Gustave Roussy, Oncostat U1018, Inserm, University Paris-Saclay, labeled Ligue Contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France
| | - Sandra Demaria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sherene Loi
- Division of Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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Woitek R, McLean MA, Ursprung S, Rueda OM, Manzano Garcia R, Locke MJ, Beer L, Baxter G, Rundo L, Provenzano E, Kaggie J, Patterson A, Frary A, Field-Rayner J, Papalouka V, Kane J, Benjamin AJV, Gill AB, Priest AN, Lewis DY, Russell R, Grimmer A, White B, Latimer-Bowman B, Patterson I, Schiller A, Carmo B, Slough R, Lanz T, Wason J, Schulte RF, Chin SF, Graves MJ, Gilbert FJ, Abraham JE, Caldas C, Brindle KM, Sala E, Gallagher FA. Hyperpolarized Carbon-13 MRI for Early Response Assessment of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer Patients. Cancer Res 2021; 81:6004-6017. [PMID: 34625424 PMCID: PMC7612070 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-1499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Hyperpolarized 13C-MRI is an emerging tool for probing tissue metabolism by measuring 13C-label exchange between intravenously injected hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate and endogenous tissue lactate. Here, we demonstrate that hyperpolarized 13C-MRI can be used to detect early response to neoadjuvant therapy in breast cancer. Seven patients underwent multiparametric 1H-MRI and hyperpolarized 13C-MRI before and 7-11 days after commencing treatment. An increase in the lactate-to-pyruvate ratio of approximately 20% identified three patients who, following 5-6 cycles of treatment, showed pathological complete response. This ratio correlated with gene expression of the pyruvate transporter MCT1 and lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA), the enzyme catalyzing label exchange between pyruvate and lactate. Analysis of approximately 2,000 breast tumors showed that overexpression of LDHA and the hypoxia marker CAIX was associated with reduced relapse-free and overall survival. Hyperpolarized 13C-MRI represents a promising method for monitoring very early treatment response in breast cancer and has demonstrated prognostic potential. SIGNIFICANCE: Hyperpolarized carbon-13 MRI allows response assessment in patients with breast cancer after 7-11 days of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and outperformed state-of-the-art and research quantitative proton MRI techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramona Woitek
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mary A McLean
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Center, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Stephan Ursprung
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Oscar M Rueda
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Center, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Raquel Manzano Garcia
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Center, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew J Locke
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Lucian Beer
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gabrielle Baxter
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Leonardo Rundo
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Elena Provenzano
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Oncology, Cambridge Breast Cancer Research Unit, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Joshua Kaggie
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Patterson
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Amy Frary
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Johanna Field-Rayner
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Vasiliki Papalouka
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Justine Kane
- Department of Oncology, Cambridge Breast Cancer Research Unit, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Oncology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, England
| | - Arnold J V Benjamin
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew B Gill
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew N Priest
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - David Y Lewis
- Molecular Imaging Laboratory Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Roslin Russell
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Center, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ashley Grimmer
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Brian White
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Beth Latimer-Bowman
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ilse Patterson
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Amy Schiller
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Bruno Carmo
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Rhys Slough
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - James Wason
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, United Kingdom
| | | | - Suet-Feung Chin
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Center, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Martin J Graves
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Fiona J Gilbert
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jean E Abraham
- Department of Oncology, Cambridge Breast Cancer Research Unit, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Oncology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, England
| | - Carlos Caldas
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Center, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Oncology, Cambridge Breast Cancer Research Unit, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Oncology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, England
| | - Kevin M Brindle
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Center, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Evis Sala
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ferdia A Gallagher
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Batra RN, Lifshitz A, Vidakovic AT, Chin SF, Sati-Batra A, Sammut SJ, Provenzano E, Ali HR, Dariush A, Bruna A, Murphy L, Purushotham A, Ellis I, Green A, Garrett-Bakelman FE, Mason C, Melnick A, Aparicio SAJR, Rueda OM, Tanay A, Caldas C. DNA methylation landscapes of 1538 breast cancers reveal a replication-linked clock, epigenomic instability and cis-regulation. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5406. [PMID: 34518533 PMCID: PMC8437946 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25661-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation is aberrant in cancer, but the dynamics, regulatory role and clinical implications of such epigenetic changes are still poorly understood. Here, reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) profiles of 1538 breast tumors and 244 normal breast tissues from the METABRIC cohort are reported, facilitating detailed analysis of DNA methylation within a rich context of genomic, transcriptional, and clinical data. Tumor methylation from immune and stromal signatures are deconvoluted leading to the discovery of a tumor replication-linked clock with genome-wide methylation loss in non-CpG island sites. Unexpectedly, methylation in most tumor CpG islands follows two replication-independent processes of gain (MG) or loss (ML) that we term epigenomic instability. Epigenomic instability is correlated with tumor grade and stage, TP53 mutations and poorer prognosis. After controlling for these global trans-acting trends, as well as for X-linked dosage compensation effects, cis-specific methylation and expression correlations are uncovered at hundreds of promoters and over a thousand distal elements. Some of these targeted known tumor suppressors and oncogenes. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that global epigenetic instability can erode cancer methylomes and expose them to localized methylation aberrations in-cis resulting in transcriptional changes seen in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajbir Nath Batra
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Aviezer Lifshitz
- Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, and Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | - Suet-Feung Chin
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ankita Sati-Batra
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Stephen-John Sammut
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Elena Provenzano
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - H Raza Ali
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ali Dariush
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alejandra Bruna
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Leigh Murphy
- Research Institute in Oncology and Hematology, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Arnie Purushotham
- School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Ian Ellis
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham and Nottingham University Hospital NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Andrew Green
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham and Nottingham University Hospital NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Francine E Garrett-Bakelman
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Chris Mason
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ari Melnick
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Samuel A J R Aparicio
- Department of Molecular Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Oscar M Rueda
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Amos Tanay
- Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, and Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
| | - Carlos Caldas
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, UK.
- Cambridge Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.
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Kilmartin D, O’Loughlin M, Andreu X, Bagó-Horváth Z, Bianchi S, Chmielik E, Cserni G, Figueiredo P, Floris G, Foschini MP, Kovács A, Heikkilä P, Kulka J, Laenkholm AV, Liepniece-Karele I, Marchiò C, Provenzano E, Regitnig P, Reiner A, Ryška A, Sapino A, Specht Stovgaard E, Quinn C, Zolota V, Webber M, Roshan D, Glynn SA, Callagy G. Intra-Tumour Heterogeneity Is One of the Main Sources of Inter-Observer Variation in Scoring Stromal Tumour Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Triple Negative Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13174410. [PMID: 34503219 PMCID: PMC8431498 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Stromal tumour infiltrating lymphocytes (sTILs) are a strong prognostic marker in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Consistency scoring sTILs is good and was excellent when an internet-based scoring aid developed by the TIL-WG was used to score cases in a reproducibility study. This study aimed to evaluate the reproducibility of sTILs assessment using this scoring aid in cases from routine practice and to explore the potential of the tool to overcome variability in scoring. Twenty-three breast pathologists scored sTILs in digitized slides of 49 TNBC biopsies using the scoring aid. Subsequently, fields of view (FOV) from each case were selected by one pathologist and scored by the group using the tool. Inter-observer agreement was good for absolute sTILs (ICC 0.634, 95% CI 0.539-0.735, p < 0.001) but was poor to fair using binary cutpoints. sTILs heterogeneity was the main contributor to disagreement. When pathologists scored the same FOV from each case, inter-observer agreement was excellent for absolute sTILs (ICC 0.798, 95% CI 0.727-0.864, p < 0.001) and good for the 20% (ICC 0.657, 95% CI 0.561-0.756, p < 0.001) and 40% (ICC 0.644, 95% CI 0.546-0.745, p < 0.001) cutpoints. However, there was a wide range of scores for many cases. Reproducibility scoring sTILs is good when the scoring aid is used. Heterogeneity is the main contributor to variance and will need to be overcome for analytic validity to be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren Kilmartin
- Discipline of Pathology, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland; (D.K.); (M.O.); (M.W.); (S.A.G.)
| | - Mark O’Loughlin
- Discipline of Pathology, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland; (D.K.); (M.O.); (M.W.); (S.A.G.)
| | - Xavier Andreu
- UDIAT-Centre Diagnòstic, Pathology Department, Institut Universitari Parc Taulí-UAB, Parc Taulí, 1, 08205 Sabadell, Spain;
| | - Zsuzsanna Bagó-Horváth
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Simonetta Bianchi
- Division of Pathological Anatomy, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy;
| | - Ewa Chmielik
- Tumor Pathology Department, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland;
| | - Gábor Cserni
- Department of Pathology, Bács-Kiskun County Teaching Hospital, 6000 Kecskemét, Hungary;
| | - Paulo Figueiredo
- Laboratório de Anatomia Patológica, Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Giuseppe Floris
- Laboratory of Translational Cell and Tissue Research, Department of Imaging and Pathology, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
| | - Maria Pia Foschini
- Unit of Anatomic Pathology, Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bellaria Hospital, 40139 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Anikó Kovács
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden;
| | - Päivi Heikkilä
- Department of Pathology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, 00029 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Janina Kulka
- 2nd Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University Budapest, Üllői út 93, 1091 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Anne-Vibeke Laenkholm
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Zealand University Hospital, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark;
| | | | - Caterina Marchiò
- Unit of Pathology, Candiolo Cancer Institute FPO-IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo, Italy; (C.M.); (A.S.)
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Elena Provenzano
- Department of Histopathology, Cambridge University Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK;
- National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Peter Regitnig
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria;
| | - Angelika Reiner
- Department of Pathology, Klinikum Donaustadt, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Aleš Ryška
- The Fingerland Department of Pathology, Charles University Medical Faculty and University Hospital, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic;
| | - Anna Sapino
- Unit of Pathology, Candiolo Cancer Institute FPO-IRCCS, 10060 Candiolo, Italy; (C.M.); (A.S.)
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | | | - Cecily Quinn
- Irish National Breast Screening Programme, BreastCheck, St. Vincent’s University Hospital, D04 T6F4 Dublin, Ireland;
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Vasiliki Zolota
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Rion, Greece;
| | - Mark Webber
- Discipline of Pathology, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland; (D.K.); (M.O.); (M.W.); (S.A.G.)
| | - Davood Roshan
- School of Mathematics, Statistics and Applied Mathematics, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland;
| | - Sharon A. Glynn
- Discipline of Pathology, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland; (D.K.); (M.O.); (M.W.); (S.A.G.)
| | - Grace Callagy
- Discipline of Pathology, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland; (D.K.); (M.O.); (M.W.); (S.A.G.)
- Correspondence:
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Patruno C, Fabbrocini G, Longo G, Argenziano G, Ferrucci SM, Stingeni L, Peris K, Ortoncelli M, Offidani A, Amoruso GF, Talamonti M, Girolomoni G, Grieco T, Iannone M, Nettis E, Foti C, Rongioletti F, Corazza M, Veneri MD, Napolitano M, Angileri L, Bianchelli T, Borghi A, Calabrese G, Chello C, Dal Bello G, Dastoli S, Ferrillo M, Galluzzo M, Gori N, Hansel K, Macchia L, Piras V, Provenzano E, Ribero S, Romanelli M, Romita P. Effectiveness and Safety of Long-Term Dupilumab Treatment in Elderly Patients with Atopic Dermatitis: A Multicenter Real-Life Observational Study. Am J Clin Dermatol 2021; 22:581-586. [PMID: 33725337 DOI: 10.1007/s40257-021-00597-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness and safety of dupilumab in treating elderly patients with atopic dermatitis from baseline to 52 weeks. METHODS A retrospective observational real-life study was conducted in a group of elderly patients with severe atopic dermatitis treated with dupilumab for 52 weeks. Inclusion criteria were: age ≥ 65 years; diagnosis of atopic dermatitis made by an expert dermatologist; Eczema Area and Severity Index ≥ 24; and a contraindication, side effects, or failure to respond to cyclosporine. The primary outcome was the mean percentage reduction in the Eczema Area and Severity Index score from baseline to week 52. Secondary measures included the mean percentage reduction in the Pruritus and Sleep Numerical Rating Scales and the Dermatology Life Quality Index, and the types and rates of adverse events from baseline to week 52. RESULTS One hundred and five patients were eligible for the study. Flexural dermatitis was the most frequent clinical phenotype (63.8%). The coexistence of more than one clinical phenotype was found in 70/105 (66.6%) patients. We observed a reduction in all disease severity scores from baseline to week 52 (p < 0.001). Adverse events were recorded in 30/105 (28.6%) patients, with conjunctivitis and injection-site reaction the most frequent. CONCLUSIONS In this study, dupilumab is an effective and safe treatment for the long-term management of atopic dermatitis in patients aged over 65 years.
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38
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Provenzano E. Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer: Moving Beyond Pathological Complete Response in the Molecular Age. Acta Med Acad 2021; 50:88-109. [PMID: 34075766 DOI: 10.5644/ama2006-124.328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer which introduces practical issues for pathologists, including predicting response, optimising specimen handling, size measurement and assessment of residual disease, and recent advances in management of the axilla. The role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer is increasing, and it has become standard of care for high risk Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 positive and triple negative breast cancers. The benefits of the neoadjuvant approach extend beyond pathological complete response to tumour downstaging permitting conservative surgical options in the breast and axilla, and assessment of response provides valuable prognostic information to enable escalation and de-escalation of adjuvant therapy to optimise oncological outcomes. Hence histopathologists play a vital role in patient management in the neoadjuvant setting. Optimal patient selection for neoadjuvant chemotherapy requires consideration of pre-treatment histopathological and molecular tumour characteristics. Post chemotherapy, tumour staging can be challenging, and changes in criteria for measurement of primary tumour and metastases in the 7th and 8th editions of the TNM have led to confusion amongst pathologists. This review offers practical guidance on specimen handling and measurement of lesion size. Moving forwards more detailed information on degree of response will be required for adjuvant therapy decision making, and the Residual Cancer Burden is emerging as the preferred method for quantifying residual disease not just within clinical trials but in routine practice. Recent advances in management of the axilla are discussed, including the significance of minimal residual disease in the form of isolated tumour cells and micrometastases which portend a worse prognosis in the neoadjuvant setting. CONCLUSION: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy now forms part of routine breast cancer management, and detailed histopathological assessment and an understanding of the importance of molecular tumour biology is essential for clinical decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Provenzano
- Department of Histopathology, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, UK.
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39
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Kirwan C, Hilton B, Clements K, Stobart H, Mylvaganam S, Wallis M, Provenzano E, Thompson A. 13. Predictors of inaccurate pre-operative size assessment of screen detected DCIS. Eur J Surg Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2021.03.209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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40
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Georgopoulou D, Callari M, Rueda OM, Shea A, Martin A, Giovannetti A, Qosaj F, Dariush A, Chin SF, Carnevalli LS, Provenzano E, Greenwood W, Lerda G, Esmaeilishirazifard E, O'Reilly M, Serra V, Bressan D, Mills GB, Ali HR, Cosulich SS, Hannon GJ, Bruna A, Caldas C. Landscapes of cellular phenotypic diversity in breast cancer xenografts and their impact on drug response. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1998. [PMID: 33790302 PMCID: PMC8012607 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22303-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The heterogeneity of breast cancer plays a major role in drug response and resistance and has been extensively characterized at the genomic level. Here, a single-cell breast cancer mass cytometry (BCMC) panel is optimized to identify cell phenotypes and their oncogenic signalling states in a biobank of patient-derived tumour xenograft (PDTX) models representing the diversity of human breast cancer. The BCMC panel identifies 13 cellular phenotypes (11 human and 2 murine), associated with both breast cancer subtypes and specific genomic features. Pre-treatment cellular phenotypic composition is a determinant of response to anticancer therapies. Single-cell profiling also reveals drug-induced cellular phenotypic dynamics, unravelling previously unnoticed intra-tumour response diversity. The comprehensive view of the landscapes of cellular phenotypic heterogeneity in PDTXs uncovered by the BCMC panel, which is mirrored in primary human tumours, has profound implications for understanding and predicting therapy response and resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitra Georgopoulou
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Department of Oncology, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Maurizio Callari
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Department of Oncology, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Oscar M Rueda
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Department of Oncology, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Abigail Shea
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Department of Oncology, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alistair Martin
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Department of Oncology, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Agnese Giovannetti
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Department of Oncology, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Laboratory of Clinical Genomics, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Fatime Qosaj
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Department of Oncology, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ali Dariush
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Department of Oncology, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Suet-Feung Chin
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Department of Oncology, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Elena Provenzano
- Breast Cancer Programme, CRUK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge Breast Cancer Research Unit, NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre and Cambridge Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Wendy Greenwood
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Department of Oncology, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Giulia Lerda
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Department of Oncology, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Elham Esmaeilishirazifard
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Department of Oncology, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Bioscience, Oncology, Early Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Martin O'Reilly
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Department of Oncology, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Violeta Serra
- Experimental Therapeutics Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut d'Oncologia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dario Bressan
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Department of Oncology, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Gordon B Mills
- Cell, Development and Cancer Biology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - H Raza Ali
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Department of Oncology, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sabina S Cosulich
- Bioscience, Oncology, Early Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Gregory J Hannon
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Department of Oncology, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alejandra Bruna
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Department of Oncology, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Carlos Caldas
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Department of Oncology, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Breast Cancer Programme, CRUK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, UK.
- Cambridge Breast Cancer Research Unit, NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre and Cambridge Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.
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van der Noordaa MEM, Yau C, Shad S, Osdoit M, Steenbruggen TG, de Croze D, Hamy AS, Lae M, Reyal F, Del Monte-Millán M, Martin M, Tarruella SL, Boughey JC, Goetz M, Hoskin T, Gould R, Valero V, Sonke G, van Seijen M, Wesseling J, Bartlett J, Edge S, Kim MO, Abraham J, Caldas C, Earl H, Provenzano E, Sammut SJ, Cameron D, Graham A, Hall P, MacKintosh L, Fan F, Godwin AK, Schwensen K, Sharma P, DeMichele A, Dunn J, Hiller L, Hayward L, Thomas J, Cole K, Pusztai L, van 't Veer L, Symmans F, Esserman L. Abstract GS4-07: Assessing prognosis after neoadjuvant therapy: A comparison between anatomic ypAJCC staging, residual cancer burden class and neo-bioscore. Cancer Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs20-gs4-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Pathologic complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in patients with breast cancer is associated with improved survival. Further assessment of the extent of residual disease, using the pathological anatomic American Joint Committee on Cancer staging method (ypStage) or the Residual Cancer Burden (RCB) method, have been shown to add prognostic information for patients with residual disease. Neo-Bioscore, an alternate system to classify response to NAC, includes clinical stage at diagnosis and biology and defines eight prognostic groups. The goal of this study was to compared three scoring systems (anatomic ypStage (7th ed), RCB Class and Neo-Bioscore) and assess whether RCB Class and Neo-Bioscore provide additional prognostic value in the context above anatomic ypStage, the most commonly used method for post-neoadjuvant residual disease assessment. Methods: Data from 5161 patients treated with NAC was pooled from 12 sites. Patients without clinical and pathological staging were excluded, as were patients with HER2+ breast cancer who did not receive neoadjuvant HER2-targeted therapy, leaving 3730 for analysis. PCR was defined as no residual invasive tumor in breast and nodes, i.e. RCB-0 or ypT0/Tis and ypN0. Patients with discordant pCR status by RCB Class vs ypStage (n=9) were excluded. Associations between each scoring system and event-free survival (EFS) were evaluated using the log rank test. EFS at 5 years was estimated using the Kaplan Meier method. Associations between Neo-Bioscore and EFS were assessed in the pCR group. For patients with residual disease, we assessed RCB and Neo-Bioscore within each ypStage. Analysis was performed overall and within subtype. Subgroups with <5 patients were excluded from the survival analyses. Results: ypAJCC staging, RCB class and Neo-Bioscore were all associated with EFS in the overall population and within each subtype (log rank p<0.0001). Of note, 13 patients with a Neo-Bioscore of 7 all recurred or died within 19 months of follow-up. Overall, 34% (1264/3721) of patients achieved a pCR. Their Neo-Bioscore ranges from 0-5, where 3% (37/1264) has a Neo-Bioscore of 5 despite achieving pCR. The Neo-Bioscore was not associated with EFS in case of a pCR, with EFS estimates at 5 years of 95%, 94%, 92%, 93%, 90% and 92% for Neo-Bioscores 0-5 respectively. As HR and HER2 status are components of the score, the range of Neo-Bioscore in the pCR group differs by subtype. However, similar to the overall analysis, the Neo-Bioscore was not prognostic within subtypes in case of pCR. Overall, among the patients who did not achieve pCR, both RCB class and Neo-Bioscore were associated with EFS within ypStages I, II and III. However, the ypStage within which RCB and Neo-Bioscore are prognostic is different for each subtype. RCB class was prognostic in ypStage I in both HR+ subtypes: patients with ypStage-I/RCB-I had significantly improved survival compared to patients with ypStage-I/RCB-II (5-year EFS: 100% vs 83% in HR+HER2- and 95% vs 77% in HR+HER2+). In contrast, for patients with triple negative breast cancer, RCB class was prognostic within ypStage II and III. Analysis by clinical stage and the components of the three systems that contribute most to prognosis will be presented. Conclusions: The degree of response to NAC adds important information to pCR versus residual disease. The Neo-Bioscore was not prognostic among patients with pCR, suggesting that clinical stage (including subtype and grade) adds little information in the setting of a pCR. In contrast, both RCB and Neo-Bioscore provide additional prognostic information to the conventional ypAJCC staging among non-pCR patients, suggesting that clinical stage, tumor biology as well as extent of residual disease all contribute to prognosis in the setting of residual disease after NAC.
Citation Format: Marieke EM van der Noordaa, Christina Yau, Sonal Shad, Marie Osdoit, Tessa G Steenbruggen, Diane de Croze, Anne-Sophie Hamy, Marick Lae, Fabien Reyal, Maria Del Monte-Millán, Miguel Martin, Sara Lopez Tarruella, I-SPY 2 TRIAL Consortium, Judy C Boughey, Matthew Goetz, Tanya Hoskin, Rebecca Gould, Vincent Valero, Gabe Sonke, Maartje van Seijen, Jelle Wesseling, John Bartlett, Stephan Edge, Mi-Ok Kim, Jean Abraham, Carlos Caldas, Helena Earl, Elena Provenzano, Stephen-John Sammut, David Cameron, Ashley Graham, Peter Hall, Lorna MacKintosh, Fang Fan, Andrew K Godwin, Kelsey Schwensen, Priyanka Sharma, Angela DeMichele, Janet Dunn, Louise Hiller, Larry Hayward, Jeremy Thomas, Kimberley Cole, Lajos Pusztai, Laura van 't Veer, Fraser Symmans, Laura Esserman. Assessing prognosis after neoadjuvant therapy: A comparison between anatomic ypAJCC staging, residual cancer burden class and neo-bioscore [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2020 San Antonio Breast Cancer Virtual Symposium; 2020 Dec 8-11; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(4 Suppl):Abstract nr GS4-07.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christina Yau
- 1University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Sonal Shad
- 1University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Miguel Martin
- 4Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Gabe Sonke
- 3Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | | | - John Bartlett
- 7Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Stephan Edge
- 8Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY
| | - Mi-Ok Kim
- 1University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Jean Abraham
- 9University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Helena Earl
- 9University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - David Cameron
- 10University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Ashley Graham
- 10University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Hall
- 10University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | | | - Fang Fan
- 11University of Kansas, Kansas City, KS
| | | | | | | | | | - Janet Dunn
- 13University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | | | - Larry Hayward
- 14Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Jeremy Thomas
- 14Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | - Laura Esserman
- 1University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
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Shad S, van der Noordaa M, Osdoit M, de Croze D, Hamy AS, Lae M, Reyal F, Martin M, Del Monte-Millán M, López-Tarruella S, Boughey JC, Goetz MP, Hoskin T, Gould R, Valero V, Sonke G, Steenbruggen TG, van Seijen M, Wesseling J, Bartlett J, Edge S, Kim MO, Abraham J, Caldas C, Earl H, Provenzano E, Sammut SJ, Cameron D, Graham A, Hall P, Mackintosh L, Fang F, Godwin AK, Schwensen K, Sharma P, DeMichele A, Dunn J, Hiller L, Hayward L, Thomas J, Cole K, Pusztai L, Van't Veer L, Symmans F, Esserman L, Yau C. Abstract PD13-02: Site of recurrence after neoadjuvant therapy: A multi-center pooled analysis. Cancer Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs20-pd13-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Achieving a pathologic complete response (pCR) has been shown on the patient level to predict excellent long-term event-free survival outcomes. Residual cancer burden (RCB) quantifies the extent of residual disease for patients who did not achieve pCR. We have previously observed in the I-SPY 2 TRIAL that while metastatic events outside the central nervous system (CNS) were dramatically reduced in the setting of pCR, the incidence of CNS metastasis remained similar across RCB classes, raising the possibility that these CNS events may be independent of response in the breast. In this study, we evaluate the type and sites of recurrences by RCB in a large pooled dataset, which allows for analysis within subtype, to validate these findings. Methods: 5161 patients pooled across 12 institutions/trials with available RCB and event-free survival (EFS) data were included in this analysis. EFS was calculated as the interval between treatment initiation, and locoregional recurrence, distant recurrence or death from any cause; patients without event are censored at time of last follow-up. The median follow-up is 4.6 years. We summarized the EFS event type, further sub-dividing the distant recurrence events (DR) by their site of relapse (CNS-only, CNS and other sites, Non-CNS). We used a competing risk (Fine-Gray) model to assess which of these site-specific relapses differ between RCB classes and estimated the cumulative incidence of CNS-only and non-CNS events at 5 years. Analyses were performed across the entire study population and within HR/HER2 defined subtypes. Results: Among the 5161 subjects, there were 1164 EFS events, including 92 (7.9%) local recurrences (without distant recurrence and/or death) and 1072 distant recurrence-free survival (DRFS) events. Among the DRFS events, 158 patients died without a distant recurrence. 914 experienced distant recurrences, including 90 (9.8%) with CNS-only, 145 (15.9%) with CNS and other sites, 664 (72.6%) with non-CNS distant recurrence; 15 (1.6%) patients had missing recurrence site information. Table 1 summarizes the cumulative incidence of CNS-only and non-CNS recurrence at 5 years and the proportion of CNS-only recurrences among DR events by RCB class overall and within each HR/HER2 subtypes. The incidence of CNS-only recurrences was low and similar across RCB classes. In contrast, the incidence of non-CNS recurrences increases with increasing RCB. As a result, CNS-only recurrences are proportionally higher within the RCB-0 and RCB-I than in the RCB-II and RCB-III groups, largely because of the low DR event rate and relative low frequency of non-CNS recurrence events within the RCB-0 and RCB-I classes. Overall, 27% of the recurrences in the setting of pCR (RCB-0) are due to CNS-only recurrences.Conclusions: Consistent with previous studies, our large pooled analysis confirmed that CNS-only recurrences are uncommon but appear similar across RCB groups, independent of response, suggesting that the CNS is a treatment sanctuary site. In contrast, non-CNS recurrence rates increase as RCB increases. These findings suggest that inclusion of CNS-only recurrences as an outcome event may impact the association between neoadjuvant therapy response and long-term outcomes in the context of current therapies. Novel therapies that cross the blood brain barrier will be needed to impact CNS recurrence rates.
Table 1: Cumulative Incidence of CNS Only and non-CNS Distant Recurrences at 5 years and proportion of CNS-only events among DR eventsRCB Class0IIIIIIpOverall (5161)N16766622017806Cum. Inc. CNS Only2%2%2%1%0.627Cum. Inc. Non-CNS3%6%16%27%<0.001# CNS-Only / # DR events (%)26/96 (27%)14/74 (19%)39/443 (9%)11/301 (4%)HR-HER2- (1774)N770212590202Cum. Inc. CNS Only2%3%2%4%0.298Cum. Inc. Non-CNS4%11%19%42%<0.001# CNS-Only / # DR events (%)13/50 (26%)6/32 (19%)13/148 (9%)8/111 (7%)HR-HER2+ (572)N3766710029Cum. Inc. CNS Only1%5%5%0%0.022Cum. Inc. Non-CNS2%5%18%38%<0.001# CNS-Only / # DR events (%)4/17 (24%)3/10 (30%)6/31 (19%)0/13 (0%)HR+HER2+ (858)N31317229182Cum. Inc. CNS Only1%1%2%0%0.37Cum. Inc. Non-CNS2%3%15%26%<0.001# CNS-Only / # DR events (%)3/10 (30%)2/16 (12%)7/68 (10%)0/29 (0%)HR+HER2- (1957)N2172111036493Cum. Inc. CNS Only3%2%1%0.2%0.087Cum. Inc. Non-CNS5%4%13%20%<0.001# CNS-Only / # DR events (%)6/19 (32%)3/16 (19%)13/196 (7%)3/148 (2%)
Citation Format: Sonal Shad, Marieke van der Noordaa, Marie Osdoit, Diane de Croze, Anne-Sophie Hamy, Marick Lae, Fabien Reyal, Miguel Martin, María Del Monte-Millán, Sara López-Tarruella, I-SPY 2 TRIAL Consortium, Judy C Boughey, Matthew P Goetz, Tanya Hoskin, Rebekah Gould, Vicente Valero, Gabe Sonke, Tessa G Steenbruggen, Maartje van Seijen, Jelle Wesseling, John Bartlett, Stephen Edge, Mi-Ok Kim, Jean Abraham, Carlos Caldas, Helena Earl, Elena Provenzano, Stephen-John Sammut, David Cameron, Ashley Graham, Peter Hall, Lorna Mackintosh, Fan Fang, Andrew K Godwin, Kelsey Schwensen, Priyanka Sharma, Angela DeMichele, Janet Dunn, Louise Hiller, Larry Hayward, Jeremy Thomas, Kimberly Cole, Lajos Pusztai, Laura Van't Veer, Fraser Symmans, Laura Esserman, Christina Yau. Site of recurrence after neoadjuvant therapy: A multi-center pooled analysis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2020 San Antonio Breast Cancer Virtual Symposium; 2020 Dec 8-11; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(4 Suppl):Abstract nr PD13-02.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonal Shad
- 1University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Miguel Martin
- 4Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Gabe Sonke
- 2Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - John Bartlett
- 7Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Stephen Edge
- 8Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY
| | - Mi-Ok Kim
- 1University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Jean Abraham
- 9University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Helena Earl
- 9University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - David Cameron
- 10University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Ashley Graham
- 10University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Hall
- 10University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | | | - Fan Fang
- 11University of Kansas, Kansas City, KS
| | | | | | | | | | - Janet Dunn
- 13University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | | | - Larry Hayward
- 14Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Jeremy Thomas
- 14Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | - Laura Esserman
- 1University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Christina Yau
- 1University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
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Katayama A, Miligy IM, Shiino S, Toss MS, Eldib K, Kurozumi S, Quinn CM, Badr N, Murray C, Provenzano E, Callagy G, Martyn C, Millican-Slater R, Purdie C, Purnell D, Pinder SE, Oyama T, Shaaban AM, Ellis I, Lee AHS, Rakha EA. Predictors of pathological complete response to neoadjuvant treatment and changes to post-neoadjuvant HER2 status in HER2-positive invasive breast cancer. Mod Pathol 2021; 34:1271-1281. [PMID: 33526875 PMCID: PMC8216906 DOI: 10.1038/s41379-021-00738-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The response of human epidermal growth factor receptor2 (HER2)- positive breast cancer (BC) patients to anti-HER2 targeted therapy is significant. However, the response is not uniform and a proportion of HER2-positive patients do not respond. This study aims to identify predictors of response in the neoadjuvant treatment and to assess the discordance rate of HER2 status between pre- and post-treatment specimens in HER2-positive BC patients. The study group comprised 500 BC patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) and/or neoadjuvant anti-HER2 therapy and surgery who had tumours that were 3+ or 2+ with HER2 immunohistochemistry (IHC). HER2 IHC 2+ tumours were classified into five groups by fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) according to the 2018 ASCO/CAP guidelines of which Groups 1, 2 and 3 were considered HER2 amplified. Pathological complete response (pCR) was more frequent in HER2 IHC 3+ tumours than in HER2 IHC 2+/HER2 amplified tumours, when either in receipt of NACT alone (38% versus 13%; p = 0.22) or neoadjuvant anti-HER2 therapy (52% versus 20%; p < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that HER2 IHC 3+ and histological grade 3 were independent predictors of pCR following neoadjuvant anti-HER2 therapy. In the HER2 IHC 2+/HER2 amplified tumours or ASCO/CAP FISH Group 1 alone, ER-negativity was an independent predictor of pCR following NACT and/or neoadjuvant anti-HER2 therapy. In the current study, 22% of HER2-positive tumours became HER2-negative by IHC and FISH following neoadjuvant treatment, the majority (74%) HER2 IHC 2+/HER2 amplified tumours. Repeat HER2 testing after neoadjuvant treatment should therefore be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayaka Katayama
- grid.412920.c0000 0000 9962 2336Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Nottingham City Hospital, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK ,grid.256642.10000 0000 9269 4097Diagnostic Pathology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Islam M. Miligy
- grid.412920.c0000 0000 9962 2336Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Nottingham City Hospital, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK ,grid.411775.10000 0004 0621 4712Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt
| | - Sho Shiino
- grid.412920.c0000 0000 9962 2336Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Nottingham City Hospital, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK ,grid.272242.30000 0001 2168 5385Department of Breast Surgery, National Cancer Centre Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michael S. Toss
- grid.412920.c0000 0000 9962 2336Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Nottingham City Hospital, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Karim Eldib
- grid.240404.60000 0001 0440 1889Department of Histopathology, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham, UK
| | - Sasagu Kurozumi
- grid.411731.10000 0004 0531 3030Department of Breast Surgery, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita, Japan ,grid.256642.10000 0000 9269 4097Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Cecily M. Quinn
- grid.412751.40000 0001 0315 8143Department of Histopathology, St. Vincent’s University Hospital, Dublin, and School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Nahla Badr
- grid.411775.10000 0004 0621 4712Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt ,grid.6572.60000 0004 1936 7486Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, The University of Birmingham, Edgebaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Ciara Murray
- grid.412751.40000 0001 0315 8143Department of Histopathology, St. Vincent’s University Hospital, Dublin, and School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Elena Provenzano
- grid.5335.00000000121885934Department of Histopathology, Cambridge University NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Grace Callagy
- grid.6142.10000 0004 0488 0789Discipline of Pathology, School of Medicine, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, NUI Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Cian Martyn
- grid.6142.10000 0004 0488 0789Discipline of Pathology, School of Medicine, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, NUI Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | | | - Colin Purdie
- grid.416266.10000 0000 9009 9462Department of Breast Pathology, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, UK
| | - Dave Purnell
- grid.269014.80000 0001 0435 9078Histopathology department, University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Sarah E. Pinder
- grid.13097.3c0000 0001 2322 6764Division of Cancer Studies, King’s College London, Guy’s Hospital, London, UK
| | - Tetsunari Oyama
- grid.256642.10000 0000 9269 4097Diagnostic Pathology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Abeer M. Shaaban
- grid.6572.60000 0004 1936 7486Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, The University of Birmingham, Edgebaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Ian Ellis
- grid.412920.c0000 0000 9962 2336Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Nottingham City Hospital, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK ,grid.240404.60000 0001 0440 1889Department of Histopathology, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham, UK
| | - Andrew H. S. Lee
- grid.240404.60000 0001 0440 1889Department of Histopathology, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham, UK
| | - Emad A. Rakha
- grid.412920.c0000 0000 9962 2336Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, Nottingham City Hospital, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK ,grid.240404.60000 0001 0440 1889Department of Histopathology, Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham, UK
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Carmona-Bozo JC, Manavaki R, Woitek R, Torheim T, Baxter GC, Caracò C, Provenzano E, Graves MJ, Fryer TD, Patterson AJ, Gilbert FJ. Hypoxia and perfusion in breast cancer: simultaneous assessment using PET/MR imaging. Eur Radiol 2021; 31:333-344. [PMID: 32725330 PMCID: PMC7755870 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-020-07067-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Hypoxia is associated with poor prognosis and treatment resistance in breast cancer. However, the temporally variant nature of hypoxia can complicate interpretation of imaging findings. We explored the relationship between hypoxia and vascular function in breast tumours through combined 18F-fluoromisonidazole (18 F-FMISO) PET/MRI, with simultaneous assessment circumventing the effect of temporal variation in hypoxia and perfusion. METHODS Women with histologically confirmed, primary breast cancer underwent a simultaneous 18F-FMISO-PET/MR examination. Tumour hypoxia was assessed using influx rate constant Ki and hypoxic fractions (%HF), while parameters of vascular function (Ktrans, kep, ve, vp) and cellularity (ADC) were derived from dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) and diffusion-weighted (DW)-MRI, respectively. Additional correlates included histological subtype, grade and size. Relationships between imaging variables were assessed using Pearson correlation (r). RESULTS Twenty-nine women with 32 lesions were assessed. Hypoxic fractions > 1% were observed in 6/32 (19%) cancers, while 18/32 (56%) tumours showed a %HF of zero. The presence of hypoxia in lesions was independent of histological subtype or grade. Mean tumour Ktrans correlated negatively with Ki (r = - 0.38, p = 0.04) and %HF (r = - 0.33, p = 0.04), though parametric maps exhibited intratumoural heterogeneity with hypoxic regions colocalising with both hypo- and hyperperfused areas. No correlation was observed between ADC and DCE-MRI or PET parameters. %HF correlated positively with lesion size (r = 0.63, p = 0.001). CONCLUSION Hypoxia measured by 18F-FMISO-PET correlated negatively with Ktrans from DCE-MRI, supporting the hypothesis of perfusion-driven hypoxia in breast cancer. Intratumoural hypoxia-perfusion relationships were heterogeneous, suggesting that combined assessment may be needed for disease characterisation, which could be achieved using simultaneous multimodality imaging. KEY POINTS • At the tumour level, hypoxia measured by 18F-FMISO-PET was negatively correlated with perfusion measured by DCE-MRI, which supports the hypothesis of perfusion-driven hypoxia in breast cancer. • No associations were observed between 18F-FMISO-PET parameters and tumour histology or grade, but tumour hypoxic fractions increased with lesion size. • Intratumoural hypoxia-perfusion relationships were heterogeneous, suggesting that the combined hypoxia-perfusion status of tumours may need to be considered for disease characterisation, which can be achieved via simultaneous multimodality imaging as reported here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia C Carmona-Bozo
- Department of Radiology, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Box 218, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Roido Manavaki
- Department of Radiology, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Box 218, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Ramona Woitek
- Department of Radiology, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Box 218, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Turid Torheim
- Cancer Research UK - Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Gabrielle C Baxter
- Department of Radiology, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Box 218, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Corradina Caracò
- Department of Radiology, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Box 218, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Elena Provenzano
- Cancer Research UK - Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
- Cambridge Breast Unit, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Box 97, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Martin J Graves
- Department of Radiology, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Box 218, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
- MRIS Unit, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Box 162, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Tim D Fryer
- Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Box 65, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Andrew J Patterson
- Department of Radiology, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Box 218, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
- MRIS Unit, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Box 162, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Fiona J Gilbert
- Department of Radiology, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Box 218, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.
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Shaaban AM, Hilton B, Clements K, Provenzano E, Cheung S, Wallis MG, Sawyer E, Thomas JS, Hanby AM, Pinder SE, Thompson AM. Pathological features of 11,337 patients with primary ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and subsequent events: results from the UK Sloane Project. Br J Cancer 2020; 124:1009-1017. [PMID: 33199800 PMCID: PMC7921398 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-01152-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The Sloane audit compares screen-detected ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) pathology with subsequent management and outcomes. Methods This was a national, prospective cohort study of DCIS diagnosed during 2003–2012. Results Among 11,337 patients, 7204 (64%) had high-grade DCIS. Over time, the proportion of high-grade disease increased (from 60 to 65%), low-grade DCIS decreased (from 10 to 6%) and mean size increased (from 21.4 to 24.1 mm). Mastectomy was more common for high-grade (36%) than for low-grade DCIS (15%). Few (6%) patients treated with breast-conserving surgery (BCS) had a surgical margin <1 mm. Of the 9191 women diagnosed in England (median follow-up 9.4 years), 7% developed DCIS or invasive malignancy in the ipsilateral and 5% in the contralateral breast. The commonest ipsilateral event was invasive carcinoma (n = 413), median time 62 months, followed by DCIS (n = 225), at median 37 months. Radiotherapy (RT) was most protective against recurrence for high-grade DCIS (3.2% for high-grade DCIS with RT compared to 6.9% without, compared with 2.3 and 3.0%, respectively, for low/intermediate-grade DCIS). Ipsilateral DCIS events lessened after 5 years, while the risk of ipsilateral invasive cancer remained consistent to beyond 10 years. Conclusion DCIS pathology informs patient management and highlights the need for prolonged follow-up of screen-detected DCIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer M Shaaban
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham and University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
| | - Bridget Hilton
- Screening Quality Assurance Service, Public Health England, Birmingham, UK
| | - Karen Clements
- Screening Quality Assurance Service, Public Health England, Birmingham, UK
| | - Elena Provenzano
- Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, UK.,Cambridge Breast Unit, and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Shan Cheung
- Screening Quality Assurance Service, Public Health England, Birmingham, UK
| | - Matthew G Wallis
- Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, UK.,Cambridge Breast Unit, and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Elinor Sawyer
- School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London and Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Andrew M Hanby
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St. James's, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Sarah E Pinder
- School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London and Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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46
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Borkar N, Provenzano E, Garreffa E, Benson J, Forouhi P, Hugh-Davies L, Wilson C, McAdam K, Russell S, Agrawal A. Does Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy response in the primary breast tumour correlate with axillary response in proven node positive ER positive HER2 negative disease? Eur J Cancer 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(20)30696-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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47
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Garreffa E, Kankam HKN, Bali R, Duckworth A, Jimenez Linan M, Mahler Araujo B, Moyle P, Wright P, Provenzano E, Agrawal A. Achieving margin clearance following oncoplastic breast surgery in comparison with simple wide local excision: a three-dimensional specimen assessment. ANZ J Surg 2020; 90:2346-2352. [PMID: 32808415 DOI: 10.1111/ans.16222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pre-operative breast tumour radial dimensions often determine the choice between simple wide local excision (WLE) and oncoplastic breast surgery (OBS). We reviewed the three-dimensional interplay between tumour and surgical specimen dimensions in the two cohorts. METHODS Demographic, tumour and treatment data were collected for all patients undergoing OBS by a single surgeon and compared with a randomly selected cohort of WLE patients treated. The relationship between tumour and specimen medio-lateral, supero-inferior and antero-posterior dimensions were explored in both groups. Subgroup analyses were performed in the OBS cohort (parenchymal displacement versus replacement). RESULTS We identified 60 OBS patients (63 breasts), comparing them with 60 WLE patients. Pre-operative tumour estimated size was significantly larger in the OBS cohort and concordant with macroscopic tumour radial dimensions and final microscopic tumour size. Surgical specimen weight was more than 3.5 times higher in the OBS group and its radial dimensions were almost double. No significant difference was observed for the antero-posterior dimensions. The rate of margin re-excisions and completion mastectomies were lower in the OBS cohort. WLE patients with positive margins had a lower tumour-to-specimen ratio, whereas, the requirement for further surgery in the OBS cohort was associated with larger tumour dimensions. CONCLUSION Despite larger tumour dimensions, OBS is not inferior to WLE in providing clear surgical margins. Our analysis of the three-dimensional spatial relationship between cancer and surgical specimen, although not completely conclusive, can be helpful in the selection of the most appropriate surgical approach for every patient.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hadyn K N Kankam
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Radhika Bali
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Adam Duckworth
- Department of Pathology, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | - Penelope Moyle
- Department of Radiology, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK
| | - Penny Wright
- Department of Pathology, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK
| | - Elena Provenzano
- Department of Pathology, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK
| | - Amit Agrawal
- Breast Surgery, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK
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48
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Earl H, Hiller L, Vallier AL, Loi S, McAdam K, Hughes-Davies L, Rea D, Howe D, Raynes K, Higgins HB, Wilcox M, Plummer C, Mahler-Araujo B, Provenzano E, Chhabra A, Gasson S, Balmer C, Abraham JE, Caldas C, Hall P, Shinkins B, McCabe C, Hulme C, Miles D, Wardley AM, Cameron DA, Dunn JA. Six versus 12 months' adjuvant trastuzumab in patients with HER2-positive early breast cancer: the PERSEPHONE non-inferiority RCT. Health Technol Assess 2020; 24:1-190. [PMID: 32880572 PMCID: PMC7505360 DOI: 10.3310/hta24400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The addition of adjuvant trastuzumab to chemotherapy has significantly improved outcomes for people with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive, early, potentially curable breast cancer. Twelve months' trastuzumab, tested in registration trials, was adopted as standard adjuvant treatment in 2006. Subsequently, similar outcomes were demonstrated using 9 weeks of trastuzumab. Shorter durations were therefore tested for non-inferiority. OBJECTIVES To establish whether or not 6 months' adjuvant trastuzumab is non-inferior to 12 months' in the treatment of HER2-positive early breast cancer using a primary end point of 4-year disease-free survival. DESIGN This was a Phase III randomised controlled non-inferiority trial. SETTING The setting was 152 NHS hospitals. PARTICIPANTS A total of 4088 patients with HER2-positive early breast cancer who it was planned would receive both chemotherapy and trastuzumab took part. INTERVENTION Randomisation (1 : 1) to 6 months' or 12 months' trastuzumab treatment. MAIN OUTCOMES The primary end point was disease-free survival. The secondary end points were overall survival, cost-effectiveness and cardiac function during treatment with trastuzumab. Assuming a 4-year disease-free survival rate of 80% with 12 months' trastuzumab, 4000 patients were required to demonstrate non-inferiority of 6 months' trastuzumab (5% one-sided significance, 85% power), defining the non-inferiority limit as no worse than 3% below the standard arm. Costs and quality-adjusted life-years were estimated using a within-trial analysis and a lifetime decision-analytic model. RESULTS Between 4 October 2007 and 31 July 2015, 2045 patients were randomised to 12 months' trastuzumab and 2043 were randomised to 6 months' trastuzumab. Sixty-nine per cent of patients had ER-positive disease; 90% received anthracyclines (49% with taxanes; 41% without taxanes); 10% received taxanes without anthracyclines; 54% received trastuzumab sequentially after chemotherapy; and 85% received adjuvant chemotherapy (58% were node negative). At 6.1 years' median follow-up, with 389 (10%) deaths and 566 (14%) disease-free survival events, the 4-year disease-free survival rates for the 4088 patients were 89.5% (95% confidence interval 88.1% to 90.8%) in the 6-month group and 90.3% (95% confidence interval 88.9% to 91.5%) in the 12-month group (hazard ratio 1.10, 90% confidence interval 0.96 to 1.26; non-inferiority p = 0.01), demonstrating non-inferiority of 6 months' trastuzumab. Congruent results were found for overall survival (non-inferiority p = 0.0003) and landmark analyses 6 months from starting trastuzumab [non-inferiority p = 0.03 (disease-free-survival) and p = 0.006 (overall survival)]. Six months' trastuzumab resulted in fewer patients reporting adverse events of severe grade [365/1929 (19%) vs. 460/1935 (24%) for 12-month patients; p = 0.0003] or stopping early because of cardiotoxicity [61/1977 (3%) vs. 146/1941 (8%) for 12-month patients; p < 0.0001]. Health economic analysis showed that 6 months' trastuzumab resulted in significantly lower lifetime costs than and similar lifetime quality-adjusted life-years to 12 months' trastuzumab, and thus there is a high probability that 6 months' trastuzumab is cost-effective compared with 12 months' trastuzumab. Patient-reported experiences in the trial highlighted fatigue and aches and pains most frequently. LIMITATIONS The type of chemotherapy and timing of trastuzumab changed during the recruitment phase of the study as standard practice altered. CONCLUSIONS PERSEPHONE demonstrated that, in the treatment of HER2-positive early breast cancer, 6 months' adjuvant trastuzumab is non-inferior to 12 months'. Six months' treatment resulted in significantly less cardiac toxicity and fewer severe adverse events. FUTURE WORK Ongoing translational work investigates patient and tumour genetic determinants of toxicity, and trastuzumab efficacy. An individual patient data meta-analysis with PHARE and other trastuzumab duration trials is planned. TRIAL REGISTRATION Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN52968807, EudraCT 2006-007018-39 and ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00712140. FUNDING This project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment programme and will be published in full in Health Technology Assessment; Vol. 24, No. 40. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Earl
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge Breast Cancer Research Unit, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
- NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Louise Hiller
- Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Anne-Laure Vallier
- Cambridge Clinical Trials Unit - Cancer Theme, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Shrushma Loi
- Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Karen McAdam
- Department of Oncology, North West Anglia NHS Foundation Trust, Peterborough City Hospital, Peterborough, UK
- Department of Oncology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Luke Hughes-Davies
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Oncology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Daniel Rea
- Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit (CRCTU), Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Donna Howe
- Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Kerry Raynes
- Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Helen B Higgins
- Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | | | - Chris Plummer
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Department of Cardiology, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Betania Mahler-Araujo
- Department of Histopathology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
- Metabolic Research Laboratories, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Elena Provenzano
- NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Histopathology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Anita Chhabra
- Pharmacy, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sophie Gasson
- Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Claire Balmer
- Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Jean E Abraham
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge Breast Cancer Research Unit, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
- NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Carlos Caldas
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge Breast Cancer Research Unit, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
- NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Peter Hall
- Edinburgh University Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Bethany Shinkins
- Academic Unit of Health Economics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Claire Hulme
- Academic Unit of Health Economics, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Health Economics Group, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - David Miles
- Medical Oncology, Mount Vernon Cancer Centre, Northwood, UK
| | - Andrew M Wardley
- NIHR Manchester Clinical Research Facility at The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - David A Cameron
- Edinburgh University Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Janet A Dunn
- Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
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Woitek R, McLean MA, Gill AB, Grist JT, Provenzano E, Patterson AJ, Ursprung S, Torheim T, Zaccagna F, Locke M, Laurent MC, Hilborne S, Frary A, Beer L, Rundo L, Patterson I, Slough R, Kane J, Biggs H, Harrison E, Lanz T, Basu B, Baird R, Sala E, Graves MJ, Gilbert FJ, Abraham JE, Caldas C, Brindle KM, Gallagher FA. Hyperpolarized 13C MRI of Tumor Metabolism Demonstrates Early Metabolic Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer. Radiol Imaging Cancer 2020; 2:e200017. [PMID: 32803167 PMCID: PMC7398116 DOI: 10.1148/rycan.2020200017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Purpose To compare hyperpolarized carbon 13 (13C) MRI with dynamic contrast material-enhanced (DCE) MRI in the detection of early treatment response in breast cancer. Materials and Methods In this institutional review board-approved prospective study, a woman with triple-negative breast cancer (age, 49 years) underwent 13C MRI after injection of hyperpolarized [1-carbon 13 {13C}]-pyruvate and DCE MRI at 3 T at baseline and after one cycle of neoadjuvant therapy. The 13C-labeled lactate-to-pyruvate ratio derived from hyperpolarized 13C MRI and the pharmacokinetic parameters transfer constant (K trans) and washout parameter (k ep) derived from DCE MRI were compared before and after treatment. Results Exchange of the 13C label between injected hyperpolarized [1-13C]-pyruvate and the endogenous lactate pool was observed, catalyzed by the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase. After one cycle of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, a 34% reduction in the 13C-labeled lactate-to-pyruvate ratio resulted in correct identification of the patient as a responder to therapy, which was subsequently confirmed via a complete pathologic response. However, DCE MRI showed an increase in mean K trans (132%) and mean k ep (31%), which could be incorrectly interpreted as a poor response to treatment. Conclusion Hyperpolarized 13C MRI enabled successful identification of breast cancer response after one cycle of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and may improve response prediction when used in conjunction with multiparametric proton MRI.Published under a CC BY 4.0 license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramona Woitek
- From the Departments of Radiology (R.W., A.B.G., J.T.G., A.J.P., S.U., F.Z., M.L., M.C.L., S.H., A.F., L.B., L.R., E.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.), Oncology (J.K., H.B., E.H., B.B., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), and Biochemistry (K.M.B.), the Cambridge Breast Cancer Research Unit (E.P., J.K., H.B., E.H., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England; Departments of Radiology (A.J.P., I.P., R.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.) and Histopathology (E.P.), Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, England; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, England (R.W., M.A.M., E.P., T.T., L.B., L.R., E.S., J.E.A., C.C., K.M.B., F.A.G.); Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria (R.W., L.B.); Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, England (M.A.M., T.T., C.C., K.M.B.); and RAPID Biomedical, Rimpar, Germany (T.L.)
| | - Mary A. McLean
- From the Departments of Radiology (R.W., A.B.G., J.T.G., A.J.P., S.U., F.Z., M.L., M.C.L., S.H., A.F., L.B., L.R., E.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.), Oncology (J.K., H.B., E.H., B.B., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), and Biochemistry (K.M.B.), the Cambridge Breast Cancer Research Unit (E.P., J.K., H.B., E.H., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England; Departments of Radiology (A.J.P., I.P., R.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.) and Histopathology (E.P.), Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, England; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, England (R.W., M.A.M., E.P., T.T., L.B., L.R., E.S., J.E.A., C.C., K.M.B., F.A.G.); Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria (R.W., L.B.); Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, England (M.A.M., T.T., C.C., K.M.B.); and RAPID Biomedical, Rimpar, Germany (T.L.)
| | - Andrew B. Gill
- From the Departments of Radiology (R.W., A.B.G., J.T.G., A.J.P., S.U., F.Z., M.L., M.C.L., S.H., A.F., L.B., L.R., E.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.), Oncology (J.K., H.B., E.H., B.B., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), and Biochemistry (K.M.B.), the Cambridge Breast Cancer Research Unit (E.P., J.K., H.B., E.H., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England; Departments of Radiology (A.J.P., I.P., R.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.) and Histopathology (E.P.), Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, England; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, England (R.W., M.A.M., E.P., T.T., L.B., L.R., E.S., J.E.A., C.C., K.M.B., F.A.G.); Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria (R.W., L.B.); Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, England (M.A.M., T.T., C.C., K.M.B.); and RAPID Biomedical, Rimpar, Germany (T.L.)
| | - James T. Grist
- From the Departments of Radiology (R.W., A.B.G., J.T.G., A.J.P., S.U., F.Z., M.L., M.C.L., S.H., A.F., L.B., L.R., E.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.), Oncology (J.K., H.B., E.H., B.B., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), and Biochemistry (K.M.B.), the Cambridge Breast Cancer Research Unit (E.P., J.K., H.B., E.H., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England; Departments of Radiology (A.J.P., I.P., R.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.) and Histopathology (E.P.), Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, England; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, England (R.W., M.A.M., E.P., T.T., L.B., L.R., E.S., J.E.A., C.C., K.M.B., F.A.G.); Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria (R.W., L.B.); Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, England (M.A.M., T.T., C.C., K.M.B.); and RAPID Biomedical, Rimpar, Germany (T.L.)
| | - Elena Provenzano
- From the Departments of Radiology (R.W., A.B.G., J.T.G., A.J.P., S.U., F.Z., M.L., M.C.L., S.H., A.F., L.B., L.R., E.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.), Oncology (J.K., H.B., E.H., B.B., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), and Biochemistry (K.M.B.), the Cambridge Breast Cancer Research Unit (E.P., J.K., H.B., E.H., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England; Departments of Radiology (A.J.P., I.P., R.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.) and Histopathology (E.P.), Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, England; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, England (R.W., M.A.M., E.P., T.T., L.B., L.R., E.S., J.E.A., C.C., K.M.B., F.A.G.); Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria (R.W., L.B.); Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, England (M.A.M., T.T., C.C., K.M.B.); and RAPID Biomedical, Rimpar, Germany (T.L.)
| | - Andrew J. Patterson
- From the Departments of Radiology (R.W., A.B.G., J.T.G., A.J.P., S.U., F.Z., M.L., M.C.L., S.H., A.F., L.B., L.R., E.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.), Oncology (J.K., H.B., E.H., B.B., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), and Biochemistry (K.M.B.), the Cambridge Breast Cancer Research Unit (E.P., J.K., H.B., E.H., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England; Departments of Radiology (A.J.P., I.P., R.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.) and Histopathology (E.P.), Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, England; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, England (R.W., M.A.M., E.P., T.T., L.B., L.R., E.S., J.E.A., C.C., K.M.B., F.A.G.); Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria (R.W., L.B.); Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, England (M.A.M., T.T., C.C., K.M.B.); and RAPID Biomedical, Rimpar, Germany (T.L.)
| | - Stephan Ursprung
- From the Departments of Radiology (R.W., A.B.G., J.T.G., A.J.P., S.U., F.Z., M.L., M.C.L., S.H., A.F., L.B., L.R., E.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.), Oncology (J.K., H.B., E.H., B.B., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), and Biochemistry (K.M.B.), the Cambridge Breast Cancer Research Unit (E.P., J.K., H.B., E.H., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England; Departments of Radiology (A.J.P., I.P., R.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.) and Histopathology (E.P.), Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, England; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, England (R.W., M.A.M., E.P., T.T., L.B., L.R., E.S., J.E.A., C.C., K.M.B., F.A.G.); Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria (R.W., L.B.); Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, England (M.A.M., T.T., C.C., K.M.B.); and RAPID Biomedical, Rimpar, Germany (T.L.)
| | - Turid Torheim
- From the Departments of Radiology (R.W., A.B.G., J.T.G., A.J.P., S.U., F.Z., M.L., M.C.L., S.H., A.F., L.B., L.R., E.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.), Oncology (J.K., H.B., E.H., B.B., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), and Biochemistry (K.M.B.), the Cambridge Breast Cancer Research Unit (E.P., J.K., H.B., E.H., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England; Departments of Radiology (A.J.P., I.P., R.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.) and Histopathology (E.P.), Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, England; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, England (R.W., M.A.M., E.P., T.T., L.B., L.R., E.S., J.E.A., C.C., K.M.B., F.A.G.); Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria (R.W., L.B.); Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, England (M.A.M., T.T., C.C., K.M.B.); and RAPID Biomedical, Rimpar, Germany (T.L.)
| | - Fulvio Zaccagna
- From the Departments of Radiology (R.W., A.B.G., J.T.G., A.J.P., S.U., F.Z., M.L., M.C.L., S.H., A.F., L.B., L.R., E.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.), Oncology (J.K., H.B., E.H., B.B., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), and Biochemistry (K.M.B.), the Cambridge Breast Cancer Research Unit (E.P., J.K., H.B., E.H., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England; Departments of Radiology (A.J.P., I.P., R.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.) and Histopathology (E.P.), Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, England; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, England (R.W., M.A.M., E.P., T.T., L.B., L.R., E.S., J.E.A., C.C., K.M.B., F.A.G.); Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria (R.W., L.B.); Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, England (M.A.M., T.T., C.C., K.M.B.); and RAPID Biomedical, Rimpar, Germany (T.L.)
| | - Matthew Locke
- From the Departments of Radiology (R.W., A.B.G., J.T.G., A.J.P., S.U., F.Z., M.L., M.C.L., S.H., A.F., L.B., L.R., E.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.), Oncology (J.K., H.B., E.H., B.B., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), and Biochemistry (K.M.B.), the Cambridge Breast Cancer Research Unit (E.P., J.K., H.B., E.H., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England; Departments of Radiology (A.J.P., I.P., R.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.) and Histopathology (E.P.), Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, England; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, England (R.W., M.A.M., E.P., T.T., L.B., L.R., E.S., J.E.A., C.C., K.M.B., F.A.G.); Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria (R.W., L.B.); Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, England (M.A.M., T.T., C.C., K.M.B.); and RAPID Biomedical, Rimpar, Germany (T.L.)
| | - Marie-Christine Laurent
- From the Departments of Radiology (R.W., A.B.G., J.T.G., A.J.P., S.U., F.Z., M.L., M.C.L., S.H., A.F., L.B., L.R., E.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.), Oncology (J.K., H.B., E.H., B.B., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), and Biochemistry (K.M.B.), the Cambridge Breast Cancer Research Unit (E.P., J.K., H.B., E.H., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England; Departments of Radiology (A.J.P., I.P., R.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.) and Histopathology (E.P.), Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, England; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, England (R.W., M.A.M., E.P., T.T., L.B., L.R., E.S., J.E.A., C.C., K.M.B., F.A.G.); Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria (R.W., L.B.); Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, England (M.A.M., T.T., C.C., K.M.B.); and RAPID Biomedical, Rimpar, Germany (T.L.)
| | - Sarah Hilborne
- From the Departments of Radiology (R.W., A.B.G., J.T.G., A.J.P., S.U., F.Z., M.L., M.C.L., S.H., A.F., L.B., L.R., E.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.), Oncology (J.K., H.B., E.H., B.B., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), and Biochemistry (K.M.B.), the Cambridge Breast Cancer Research Unit (E.P., J.K., H.B., E.H., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England; Departments of Radiology (A.J.P., I.P., R.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.) and Histopathology (E.P.), Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, England; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, England (R.W., M.A.M., E.P., T.T., L.B., L.R., E.S., J.E.A., C.C., K.M.B., F.A.G.); Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria (R.W., L.B.); Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, England (M.A.M., T.T., C.C., K.M.B.); and RAPID Biomedical, Rimpar, Germany (T.L.)
| | - Amy Frary
- From the Departments of Radiology (R.W., A.B.G., J.T.G., A.J.P., S.U., F.Z., M.L., M.C.L., S.H., A.F., L.B., L.R., E.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.), Oncology (J.K., H.B., E.H., B.B., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), and Biochemistry (K.M.B.), the Cambridge Breast Cancer Research Unit (E.P., J.K., H.B., E.H., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England; Departments of Radiology (A.J.P., I.P., R.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.) and Histopathology (E.P.), Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, England; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, England (R.W., M.A.M., E.P., T.T., L.B., L.R., E.S., J.E.A., C.C., K.M.B., F.A.G.); Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria (R.W., L.B.); Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, England (M.A.M., T.T., C.C., K.M.B.); and RAPID Biomedical, Rimpar, Germany (T.L.)
| | - Lucian Beer
- From the Departments of Radiology (R.W., A.B.G., J.T.G., A.J.P., S.U., F.Z., M.L., M.C.L., S.H., A.F., L.B., L.R., E.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.), Oncology (J.K., H.B., E.H., B.B., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), and Biochemistry (K.M.B.), the Cambridge Breast Cancer Research Unit (E.P., J.K., H.B., E.H., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England; Departments of Radiology (A.J.P., I.P., R.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.) and Histopathology (E.P.), Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, England; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, England (R.W., M.A.M., E.P., T.T., L.B., L.R., E.S., J.E.A., C.C., K.M.B., F.A.G.); Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria (R.W., L.B.); Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, England (M.A.M., T.T., C.C., K.M.B.); and RAPID Biomedical, Rimpar, Germany (T.L.)
| | - Leonardo Rundo
- From the Departments of Radiology (R.W., A.B.G., J.T.G., A.J.P., S.U., F.Z., M.L., M.C.L., S.H., A.F., L.B., L.R., E.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.), Oncology (J.K., H.B., E.H., B.B., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), and Biochemistry (K.M.B.), the Cambridge Breast Cancer Research Unit (E.P., J.K., H.B., E.H., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England; Departments of Radiology (A.J.P., I.P., R.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.) and Histopathology (E.P.), Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, England; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, England (R.W., M.A.M., E.P., T.T., L.B., L.R., E.S., J.E.A., C.C., K.M.B., F.A.G.); Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria (R.W., L.B.); Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, England (M.A.M., T.T., C.C., K.M.B.); and RAPID Biomedical, Rimpar, Germany (T.L.)
| | - Ilse Patterson
- From the Departments of Radiology (R.W., A.B.G., J.T.G., A.J.P., S.U., F.Z., M.L., M.C.L., S.H., A.F., L.B., L.R., E.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.), Oncology (J.K., H.B., E.H., B.B., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), and Biochemistry (K.M.B.), the Cambridge Breast Cancer Research Unit (E.P., J.K., H.B., E.H., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England; Departments of Radiology (A.J.P., I.P., R.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.) and Histopathology (E.P.), Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, England; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, England (R.W., M.A.M., E.P., T.T., L.B., L.R., E.S., J.E.A., C.C., K.M.B., F.A.G.); Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria (R.W., L.B.); Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, England (M.A.M., T.T., C.C., K.M.B.); and RAPID Biomedical, Rimpar, Germany (T.L.)
| | - Rhys Slough
- From the Departments of Radiology (R.W., A.B.G., J.T.G., A.J.P., S.U., F.Z., M.L., M.C.L., S.H., A.F., L.B., L.R., E.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.), Oncology (J.K., H.B., E.H., B.B., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), and Biochemistry (K.M.B.), the Cambridge Breast Cancer Research Unit (E.P., J.K., H.B., E.H., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England; Departments of Radiology (A.J.P., I.P., R.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.) and Histopathology (E.P.), Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, England; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, England (R.W., M.A.M., E.P., T.T., L.B., L.R., E.S., J.E.A., C.C., K.M.B., F.A.G.); Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria (R.W., L.B.); Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, England (M.A.M., T.T., C.C., K.M.B.); and RAPID Biomedical, Rimpar, Germany (T.L.)
| | - Justine Kane
- From the Departments of Radiology (R.W., A.B.G., J.T.G., A.J.P., S.U., F.Z., M.L., M.C.L., S.H., A.F., L.B., L.R., E.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.), Oncology (J.K., H.B., E.H., B.B., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), and Biochemistry (K.M.B.), the Cambridge Breast Cancer Research Unit (E.P., J.K., H.B., E.H., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England; Departments of Radiology (A.J.P., I.P., R.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.) and Histopathology (E.P.), Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, England; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, England (R.W., M.A.M., E.P., T.T., L.B., L.R., E.S., J.E.A., C.C., K.M.B., F.A.G.); Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria (R.W., L.B.); Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, England (M.A.M., T.T., C.C., K.M.B.); and RAPID Biomedical, Rimpar, Germany (T.L.)
| | - Heather Biggs
- From the Departments of Radiology (R.W., A.B.G., J.T.G., A.J.P., S.U., F.Z., M.L., M.C.L., S.H., A.F., L.B., L.R., E.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.), Oncology (J.K., H.B., E.H., B.B., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), and Biochemistry (K.M.B.), the Cambridge Breast Cancer Research Unit (E.P., J.K., H.B., E.H., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England; Departments of Radiology (A.J.P., I.P., R.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.) and Histopathology (E.P.), Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, England; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, England (R.W., M.A.M., E.P., T.T., L.B., L.R., E.S., J.E.A., C.C., K.M.B., F.A.G.); Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria (R.W., L.B.); Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, England (M.A.M., T.T., C.C., K.M.B.); and RAPID Biomedical, Rimpar, Germany (T.L.)
| | - Emma Harrison
- From the Departments of Radiology (R.W., A.B.G., J.T.G., A.J.P., S.U., F.Z., M.L., M.C.L., S.H., A.F., L.B., L.R., E.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.), Oncology (J.K., H.B., E.H., B.B., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), and Biochemistry (K.M.B.), the Cambridge Breast Cancer Research Unit (E.P., J.K., H.B., E.H., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England; Departments of Radiology (A.J.P., I.P., R.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.) and Histopathology (E.P.), Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, England; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, England (R.W., M.A.M., E.P., T.T., L.B., L.R., E.S., J.E.A., C.C., K.M.B., F.A.G.); Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria (R.W., L.B.); Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, England (M.A.M., T.T., C.C., K.M.B.); and RAPID Biomedical, Rimpar, Germany (T.L.)
| | - Titus Lanz
- From the Departments of Radiology (R.W., A.B.G., J.T.G., A.J.P., S.U., F.Z., M.L., M.C.L., S.H., A.F., L.B., L.R., E.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.), Oncology (J.K., H.B., E.H., B.B., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), and Biochemistry (K.M.B.), the Cambridge Breast Cancer Research Unit (E.P., J.K., H.B., E.H., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England; Departments of Radiology (A.J.P., I.P., R.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.) and Histopathology (E.P.), Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, England; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, England (R.W., M.A.M., E.P., T.T., L.B., L.R., E.S., J.E.A., C.C., K.M.B., F.A.G.); Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria (R.W., L.B.); Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, England (M.A.M., T.T., C.C., K.M.B.); and RAPID Biomedical, Rimpar, Germany (T.L.)
| | - Bristi Basu
- From the Departments of Radiology (R.W., A.B.G., J.T.G., A.J.P., S.U., F.Z., M.L., M.C.L., S.H., A.F., L.B., L.R., E.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.), Oncology (J.K., H.B., E.H., B.B., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), and Biochemistry (K.M.B.), the Cambridge Breast Cancer Research Unit (E.P., J.K., H.B., E.H., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England; Departments of Radiology (A.J.P., I.P., R.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.) and Histopathology (E.P.), Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, England; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, England (R.W., M.A.M., E.P., T.T., L.B., L.R., E.S., J.E.A., C.C., K.M.B., F.A.G.); Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria (R.W., L.B.); Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, England (M.A.M., T.T., C.C., K.M.B.); and RAPID Biomedical, Rimpar, Germany (T.L.)
| | - Richard Baird
- From the Departments of Radiology (R.W., A.B.G., J.T.G., A.J.P., S.U., F.Z., M.L., M.C.L., S.H., A.F., L.B., L.R., E.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.), Oncology (J.K., H.B., E.H., B.B., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), and Biochemistry (K.M.B.), the Cambridge Breast Cancer Research Unit (E.P., J.K., H.B., E.H., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England; Departments of Radiology (A.J.P., I.P., R.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.) and Histopathology (E.P.), Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, England; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, England (R.W., M.A.M., E.P., T.T., L.B., L.R., E.S., J.E.A., C.C., K.M.B., F.A.G.); Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria (R.W., L.B.); Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, England (M.A.M., T.T., C.C., K.M.B.); and RAPID Biomedical, Rimpar, Germany (T.L.)
| | - Evis Sala
- From the Departments of Radiology (R.W., A.B.G., J.T.G., A.J.P., S.U., F.Z., M.L., M.C.L., S.H., A.F., L.B., L.R., E.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.), Oncology (J.K., H.B., E.H., B.B., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), and Biochemistry (K.M.B.), the Cambridge Breast Cancer Research Unit (E.P., J.K., H.B., E.H., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England; Departments of Radiology (A.J.P., I.P., R.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.) and Histopathology (E.P.), Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, England; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, England (R.W., M.A.M., E.P., T.T., L.B., L.R., E.S., J.E.A., C.C., K.M.B., F.A.G.); Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria (R.W., L.B.); Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, England (M.A.M., T.T., C.C., K.M.B.); and RAPID Biomedical, Rimpar, Germany (T.L.)
| | - Martin J. Graves
- From the Departments of Radiology (R.W., A.B.G., J.T.G., A.J.P., S.U., F.Z., M.L., M.C.L., S.H., A.F., L.B., L.R., E.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.), Oncology (J.K., H.B., E.H., B.B., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), and Biochemistry (K.M.B.), the Cambridge Breast Cancer Research Unit (E.P., J.K., H.B., E.H., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England; Departments of Radiology (A.J.P., I.P., R.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.) and Histopathology (E.P.), Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, England; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, England (R.W., M.A.M., E.P., T.T., L.B., L.R., E.S., J.E.A., C.C., K.M.B., F.A.G.); Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria (R.W., L.B.); Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, England (M.A.M., T.T., C.C., K.M.B.); and RAPID Biomedical, Rimpar, Germany (T.L.)
| | - Fiona J. Gilbert
- From the Departments of Radiology (R.W., A.B.G., J.T.G., A.J.P., S.U., F.Z., M.L., M.C.L., S.H., A.F., L.B., L.R., E.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.), Oncology (J.K., H.B., E.H., B.B., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), and Biochemistry (K.M.B.), the Cambridge Breast Cancer Research Unit (E.P., J.K., H.B., E.H., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England; Departments of Radiology (A.J.P., I.P., R.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.) and Histopathology (E.P.), Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, England; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, England (R.W., M.A.M., E.P., T.T., L.B., L.R., E.S., J.E.A., C.C., K.M.B., F.A.G.); Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria (R.W., L.B.); Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, England (M.A.M., T.T., C.C., K.M.B.); and RAPID Biomedical, Rimpar, Germany (T.L.)
| | - Jean E. Abraham
- From the Departments of Radiology (R.W., A.B.G., J.T.G., A.J.P., S.U., F.Z., M.L., M.C.L., S.H., A.F., L.B., L.R., E.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.), Oncology (J.K., H.B., E.H., B.B., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), and Biochemistry (K.M.B.), the Cambridge Breast Cancer Research Unit (E.P., J.K., H.B., E.H., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England; Departments of Radiology (A.J.P., I.P., R.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.) and Histopathology (E.P.), Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, England; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, England (R.W., M.A.M., E.P., T.T., L.B., L.R., E.S., J.E.A., C.C., K.M.B., F.A.G.); Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria (R.W., L.B.); Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, England (M.A.M., T.T., C.C., K.M.B.); and RAPID Biomedical, Rimpar, Germany (T.L.)
| | - Carlos Caldas
- From the Departments of Radiology (R.W., A.B.G., J.T.G., A.J.P., S.U., F.Z., M.L., M.C.L., S.H., A.F., L.B., L.R., E.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.), Oncology (J.K., H.B., E.H., B.B., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), and Biochemistry (K.M.B.), the Cambridge Breast Cancer Research Unit (E.P., J.K., H.B., E.H., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England; Departments of Radiology (A.J.P., I.P., R.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.) and Histopathology (E.P.), Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, England; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, England (R.W., M.A.M., E.P., T.T., L.B., L.R., E.S., J.E.A., C.C., K.M.B., F.A.G.); Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria (R.W., L.B.); Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, England (M.A.M., T.T., C.C., K.M.B.); and RAPID Biomedical, Rimpar, Germany (T.L.)
| | - Kevin M. Brindle
- From the Departments of Radiology (R.W., A.B.G., J.T.G., A.J.P., S.U., F.Z., M.L., M.C.L., S.H., A.F., L.B., L.R., E.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.), Oncology (J.K., H.B., E.H., B.B., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), and Biochemistry (K.M.B.), the Cambridge Breast Cancer Research Unit (E.P., J.K., H.B., E.H., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England; Departments of Radiology (A.J.P., I.P., R.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.) and Histopathology (E.P.), Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, England; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, England (R.W., M.A.M., E.P., T.T., L.B., L.R., E.S., J.E.A., C.C., K.M.B., F.A.G.); Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria (R.W., L.B.); Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, England (M.A.M., T.T., C.C., K.M.B.); and RAPID Biomedical, Rimpar, Germany (T.L.)
| | - Ferdia A. Gallagher
- From the Departments of Radiology (R.W., A.B.G., J.T.G., A.J.P., S.U., F.Z., M.L., M.C.L., S.H., A.F., L.B., L.R., E.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.), Oncology (J.K., H.B., E.H., B.B., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), and Biochemistry (K.M.B.), the Cambridge Breast Cancer Research Unit (E.P., J.K., H.B., E.H., R.B., J.E.A., C.C.), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England; Departments of Radiology (A.J.P., I.P., R.S., M.J.G., F.J.G., F.A.G.) and Histopathology (E.P.), Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, England; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, England (R.W., M.A.M., E.P., T.T., L.B., L.R., E.S., J.E.A., C.C., K.M.B., F.A.G.); Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria (R.W., L.B.); Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, England (M.A.M., T.T., C.C., K.M.B.); and RAPID Biomedical, Rimpar, Germany (T.L.)
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Provenzano E, Driskell OJ, O'Connor DJ, Rodriguez-Justo M, McDermott J, Wong N, Kendall T, Zhang YZ, Robinson M, Kurian KM, Pell R, Shaaban AM. The important role of the histopathologist in clinical trials: challenges and approaches to tackle them. Histopathology 2020; 76:942-949. [PMID: 32145084 DOI: 10.1111/his.14099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
High-quality histopathology is essential for the success of clinical trials. Histopathologists have a detailed understanding of tumour biology and mechanisms of disease, as well as practical knowledge of optimal tissue handling and logistical service requirements for study delivery, such as biomarker evaluation, tissue acquisition and turnaround times. As such, histopathologist input is essential throughout every stage of research and clinical trials, from concept development and study design to trial delivery, analysis and dissemination of results. Patient recruitment to trials takes place among all healthcare settings, meaning that histopathologists make an invaluable contribution to clinical trials as part of their routine day-to-day work that often goes unrecognised. More complex evaluation of surgical specimens in the neoadjuvant setting and ever-expanding minimum data sets add to the workload of every histopathologist, not just academic pathologists in tertiary centres. This is occurring against a backdrop of increasing workload pressures and a worldwide shortage of histopathologists and biomedical scientists. Providing essential histopathology support for trials at grassroots level requires funding for adequate resources including histopathologist time, education and training, biomedical scientist and administrative support and greater recognition of the contribution made by histopathology. This paper will discuss the many ways in which histopathologists are involved in clinical trials and the challenges faced in meeting the additional demands posed by trial participation and potential ways to address this, with a special emphasis on the UK model and the Cellular-Molecular Pathology Initiative (CM-Path).
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Provenzano
- Department of Histopathology, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge NIH Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Owen J Driskell
- National Institute for Health Research Clinical Research Network West Midlands, Albrighton, UK
| | - Daniel J O'Connor
- Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (MHRA), London, UK
| | | | - Jacqueline McDermott
- Department of Cellular Pathology, University College London Hospital, London, UK
| | - Newton Wong
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK
| | - Timothy Kendall
- Centre for Inflammation Research and Edinburgh Pathology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Yu Zhi Zhang
- National Centre for Mesothelioma Research, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Histopathology, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Max Robinson
- Centre for Oral Health Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | | | - Robert Pell
- Buckinghamshire Healthcare NHS Trust, Amersham, UK
| | - Abeer M Shaaban
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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