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Salem AM, Farag SM, Gad HA, Al-Sayed E, El-Ahmady SH. Anti-Culex pipiens activity of different pomegranate cultivars and determination of their bioactive compounds using LC-MS profiling. Phytochem Anal 2024; 35:507-520. [PMID: 38035714 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) peels are rich in various bioactive compounds. Characterization of these compounds is crucial for the utilization of peel waste in industrial processing. OBJECTIVE The study aimed (1) to establish and compare the metabolic profiles of the peel of seven pomegranate cultivars and (2) to identify bioactive compounds contributing to the larvicidal activity against the third instar larvae of Culex pipiens. MATERIALS AND METHODS UPLC-ESI-MS/MS was utilized to analyze peel methanol extracts of different pomegranate cultivars. The larvicidal activity was determined by calculating the larval mortality among the third instar larvae of C. pipiens. Multivariate data analysis was conducted to identify the metabolites that exhibited a larvicidal effect. RESULTS A total of 24 metabolites, including hydrolyzable tannins, flavonoids, and alkaloids, were tentatively identified in both negative and positive ionization modes. The extract of cultivar 'Black' exhibited the most potent larvicidal effect with LC50 values of 185.15, 156.84, and 138.12 ppm/mL after 24, 48, and 72 h of treatment, respectively. By applying chemometric techniques, the larvicidal activity could be directly correlated to the bioactive compounds punicalagin, quercetin-O-rhamnoside, quercetin-O-pentoside, and galloyl-HHDP-glucose. CONCLUSION The present study implemented UPLC-ESI-MS/MS and chemometric techniques as potential tools for metabolomics analysis and differentiation between peels of different pomegranate cultivars. In addition, cultivar 'Black' extract could be a promising natural insecticide against mosquitoes since it is rich in bioactive compounds with larvicidal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa M Salem
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shaimaa M Farag
- Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Haidy A Gad
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman Al-Sayed
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sherweit H El-Ahmady
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Singab ANB, Elkhawas YA, Al-Sayed E, Elissawy AM, Fawzy IM, Mostafa NM. Antimicrobial activities of metabolites isolated from endophytic Aspergillus flavus of Sarcophyton ehrenbergi supported by in-silico study and NMR spectroscopy. Fungal Biol Biotechnol 2023; 10:16. [PMID: 37533082 PMCID: PMC10394880 DOI: 10.1186/s40694-023-00161-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endophytic Aspergillus species produce countless valuable bioactive secondary metabolites. In the current study, Aspergillus flavus an endophyte from the soft coral Sarcophyton ehrenbergi was chemically explored and the extracted phytoconstituents were subsequently evaluated for antimicrobial activity. This is accomplished by employing nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and computational techniques. Additionally, An in vitro anticancer analysis of A. flavus total extract against breast cancer cells (MCF-7) was investigated. RESULT Six compounds were separated from the crude alcohol extract of the endophytic Aspergillus flavus out of which anhydro-mevalonolactone was reported for the first time. The anti-fungal and anti-Helicobacter pylori properties of two distinct compounds (Scopularides A and B) were assessed. Additionally, computational research was done to identify the binding mechanisms for all compounds. Both the compounds were found to be active against H. pylori with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 7.81 to 15.63 µg/ mL as compared with clarithromycin 1.95 µg/ mL. Scopularides A was potent against both Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger with MIC values ranging from 3.9 to 31.25 µg/ mL, while scopularides B only inhibits Candida albicans with MIC value of 15.63 µg/ mL and weak inhibitory activity against A. niger (MIC = 125 µg/ mL). Furthermore, cytotoxic activity showed a significant effect (IC50: 30.46 mg/mL) against MCF-7 cells. CONCLUSION Our findings report that cytotoxic activity and molecular docking support the antimicrobial activity of Aspergillus flavus, which could be a promising alternative source as a potential antimicrobial agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdel Nasser B Singab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
- Center of Drug Discovery Research and Development, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
| | - Yasmin A Elkhawas
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, 11835, Egypt
| | - Eman Al-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Elissawy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
- Center of Drug Discovery Research and Development, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Iten M Fawzy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, 11835, Egypt
| | - Nada M Mostafa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
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Salem AM, Mostafa NM, Al-Sayed E, Fawzy IM, Singab ANB. Insights into the Role of Erythrina corallodendron L. in Alzheimer's Disease: in Vitro and in Silico Approach. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202300200. [PMID: 37329524 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a major health problem. Cholinergic transmission is greatly affected in AD. Phytochemical investigation of the alkaloid rich fraction (AF) of Erythrina corallodendron L leaves resulted in isolation of five known alkaloids: erysodine, erythrinine, 8-oxoerythrinine, erysovine N-oxide and erythrinine N-oxide. In this study, eysovine N-oxide was reported for the second time in nature. AF was assayed for cholinesterase inhibition at the concentration of 100 μg mL-1 . AF showed a higher percent inhibition for butyrylcholinesterase enzyme (BuChE) (83.28 %) compared to acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AChE) (64.64 %). The isolated alkaloids were also assayed for their anti-BuChE effect. In-silico docking study was done for the isolated compounds at the binding sites of AChE and BuChE to determine their binding pattern and interactions, also molecular dynamics were estimated for the compound displaying the best fit for AChE and BuChE. In addition, ADME parameters and toxicity were predicted for the isolated alkaloids compared to donepezil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Salem
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Nada M Mostafa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Eman Al-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Iten M Fawzy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University, Cairo, 11835, Egypt
| | - Abdel Nasser B Singab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
- Center for Drug Discovery Research and Development, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
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Bahgat DM, Gad HA, Al-Sayed E, Mahmoud SH, Mostafa A, Mahfouz NM, Eldahshan OA, Nasser B Singab A. Essential Oil of Cestrum diurnum L.: GC/MS Analysis, in Vitro and in Silico Anti-HCoV-229E Effects and Inhibitory Activity against LPS-Induced Inflammation. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202201045. [PMID: 36811152 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202201045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Cestrum diurnum L. (Solanaceae) is a fragrant ornamental tree cultivated in different parts around the world. In this study, the essential oil (EO) of the aerial parts was extracted by hydrodistillation (HD), steam distillation (SD) and microwave-assisted hydro-distillation (MAHD). GC/MS analysis of the three EOs revealed that phytol represents the major component in SD-EO and MAHD-EO (40.84 and 40.04 %, respectively); while in HD-EO it only represented 15.36 %. The SD-EO showed a strong antiviral activity against HCoV-229E with IC50 of 10.93 μg/mL, whereas, MAHD-EO and HD-EO showed a moderate activity with IC50 values of 119.9 and 148.2 μg/mL, respectively. The molecular docking of EO major components: phytol, octadecyl acetate and tricosane showed a strong binding to coronavirus 3-CL (pro). Moreover, the three EOs (50 μg/mL) decreased the levels of NO, IL-6 and TNF-α and suppressed IL-6 and TNF-α gene expression in LPS-induced inflammation model in RAW264.7 macrophage cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina M Bahgat
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Organization of African Unity Street, Abassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Haidy A Gad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Organization of African Unity Street, Abassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt.,Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Salman International University, South Sinai, 46612, Egypt
| | - Eman Al-Sayed
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Organization of African Unity Street, Abassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Sara H Mahmoud
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Center (NRC), Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Mostafa
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Center (NRC), Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Nadia M Mahfouz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, Giza, 12585, Egypt.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt
| | - Omayma A Eldahshan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Organization of African Unity Street, Abassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt.,Center for Drug Discovery Research and Development, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Abdel Nasser B Singab
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Organization of African Unity Street, Abassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt.,Center for Drug Discovery Research and Development, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
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Adel A, Elnaggar MS, Albohy A, Elrashedy AA, Mostafa A, Kutkat O, Abdelmohsen UR, Al-Sayed E, Rabeh MA. Evaluation of antiviral activity of Carica papaya leaves against SARS-CoV-2 assisted by metabolomic profiling. RSC Adv 2022; 12:32844-32852. [PMID: 36425179 PMCID: PMC9667237 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra04600h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 07/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic caused a huge health crisis all over the globe. SARS-CoV-2 is the virus responsible for the disease and it is highly contagious leaving millions of confirmed infected cases and a dangerous death toll. Carica papaya is a tropical plant known for its antiviral activity since it possesses different classes of compounds that are believed to combat various viral classes. In this study, the extracts prepared from C. papaya leaves cultivated in Egypt were evaluated for their anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity using crystal violet assay and for their cytotoxicity through MTT assay. The total methanolic extract, n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol fractions of papaya leaves were used in the study and the results revealed that the n-hexane fraction has a high anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity with an IC50 value = 1.98 μg mL-1. Moreover, it also showed a high selectivity index value = 104.7. Dereplication of the secondary metabolites in the crude methanolic extract of C. papaya leaves revealed the presence of different classes of compounds including sterols, terpenes, fatty acid, alkaloids and flavonoids that are known to possess antiviral activities against various classes of viruses. The current study was assisted by molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation and MM-PBSA calculations for the annotated compounds against 6 SARS-CoV-2 target proteins. The results of these in silico-based investigations showed high to moderate binding on the targeted proteins. This postulation may instigate further research studies concerning the compounds responsible for this high anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity of the n-hexane fraction of C. papaya leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr Adel
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information 11865 Cairo Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Elnaggar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University 11566 Cairo Egypt
| | - Amgad Albohy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, The British University in Egypt (BUE) Suez Desert Road ElSherouk City 11837 Cairo Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Elrashedy
- Natural and Microbial Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre (NRC) AlBohoos Street, Dokki 12311 Cairo Egypt
| | - Ahmed Mostafa
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre 12622 Giza Egypt
| | - Omnia Kutkat
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre 12622 Giza Egypt
| | - Usama Ramadan Abdelmohsen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University Minia 61519 Egypt
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University Minia 61111 Egypt
| | - Eman Al-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University 11566 Cairo Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Rabeh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information 11865 Cairo Egypt
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University 11562 Giza Egypt
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Salem A, Gad H, Al-Sayed E, El-Ahmady S. Recent trends on the quality assessment of Pomegranate: A detailed review. Archives of Pharmaceutical Sciences Ain Shams University 2022. [DOI: 10.21608/aps.2022.120317.1079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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7
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Singab ANB, Mostafa NM, Elkhawas YA, Al-Sayed E, Bishr MM, Elissawy AM, Elnaggar MS, Fawzy IM, Salama OM, Tsai YH, Chang FR. Cyclodepsipeptides: Isolation from Endophytic Fungi of Sarcophyton ehrenbergi and Verification of Their Larvicidal Activity via In-Vitro and In-Silico Studies. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20050331. [PMID: 35621982 PMCID: PMC9146806 DOI: 10.3390/md20050331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Culex pipiens mosquitoes are vectors to many viruses and can transmit diseases such as filariasis and avian malaria. The present study evaluated the larvicidal activity of marine-derived endophytic fungi Aspergillus nomius and Aspergillus flavus from the soft coral Sarcophyton ehrenbergi along with two known cyclodepsipeptide compounds, scopularide A (1) and B (2), isolated from A. flavus extract, against third-instar larvae of C. pipiens, using distilled water as a negative control and toosenedanin as a positive control. The structures of the isolated compounds were confirmed by various spectroscopic analyses. The lethal concentrations (LC50 and LC90) were calculated by probit analysis. Scopularide A was the most potent after 96 h treatment, with LC50 and LC90 values of 58.96 and 994.31 ppm, respectively, and with 82.66% mortality at a concentration of 300 ppm. To unravel the biochemical mechanism of the tested extracts and compounds, their effects against protease, chitinase, phenoloxidases and lipase enzymes from the whole-body tissue of C. pipiens were evaluated after 72 h treatment at LC50 dose. Superior activity was observed for A. flavus extract against all tested enzymes. A molecular docking study was conducted for scopularide A and B on the four tested enzymes, to further verify the observed activity. Results revealed good binding affinities for both compounds as compared to the docked ligands, mainly via a number of hydrogen bonds. This was the first study to report the isolation of endophytic fungi A. flavus and A. nomius from the marine soft coral S. ehrenbergi. The endophytic fungal extract of A. flavus was found to be a promising source for a natural larvicidal agent against C. pipiens populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdel Nasser B. Singab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt; (N.M.M.); (E.A.-S.); (A.M.E.); (M.S.E.)
- Center of Drug Discovery Research and Development, Ain-Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
- Correspondence: (A.N.B.S.); (F.-R.C.)
| | - Nada M. Mostafa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt; (N.M.M.); (E.A.-S.); (A.M.E.); (M.S.E.)
| | - Yasmin A. Elkhawas
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo 11835, Egypt; (Y.A.E.); (O.M.S.)
| | - Eman Al-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt; (N.M.M.); (E.A.-S.); (A.M.E.); (M.S.E.)
| | - Mokhtar M. Bishr
- Department of Research and Development, Mepaco Co., Sharkeiya 11361, Egypt;
| | - Ahmed M. Elissawy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt; (N.M.M.); (E.A.-S.); (A.M.E.); (M.S.E.)
- Center of Drug Discovery Research and Development, Ain-Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S. Elnaggar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt; (N.M.M.); (E.A.-S.); (A.M.E.); (M.S.E.)
| | - Iten M. Fawzy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo 11566, Egypt;
| | - Osama M. Salama
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo 11835, Egypt; (Y.A.E.); (O.M.S.)
| | - Yi-Hong Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
- Department of Pharmacy and Master Program, Collage of Pharmacy and Health Care, Tajen University, Pingtung County 90741, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Rong Chang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (A.N.B.S.); (F.-R.C.)
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Adel A, Elnaggar M, Al-Sayed E, Rabeh M. Secondary Metabolites from Carica papaya, and its Biological Activities: A Comprehensive Review. Archives of Pharmaceutical Sciences Ain Shams University 2021. [DOI: 10.21608/aps.2021.106355.1073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Al-Sayed E, Gad HA, El-Kersh DM. Characterization of Four Piper Essential Oils (GC/MS and ATR-IR) Coupled to Chemometrics and Their anti- Helicobacter pylori Activity. ACS Omega 2021; 6:25652-25663. [PMID: 34632221 PMCID: PMC8495854 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c03777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Background: Essential oils represent a major class of natural products which are known for their antimicrobial activity. This study aimed to determine the composition of four Piper essential oils by gas chromatography mass spectrometry, attenuated total reflection infrared, and chemometric analysis. Results: Monoterpene was the most predominant class in Piper nigrum and white pepper (87.6 and 80%, respectively) with the dominance of α-pinene, β-pinene, 3-carene, limonene, and β-caryophyllene. Sesquiterpenes represented 50, 19.6, and 12.3% of the essential oils of Piper longum, white pepper, and P. nigrum, respectively. Unlike other species, Piper cubeba oil was found to be rich in aromatics (59%), with eugenol (10.7%) and methyl eugenol (47.4%) representing the major components along with β-myrcene (21.2%) and 1,8-cineole (6.4%). Only P. longum essential oil comprised about 18.2% of alkanes and 13.6% of alkenes. Application of chemometric analysis utilizing GC/MS and ATR-IR data displayed the same segregation pattern where both principal component analysis and hierarchal cluster analysis revealed that white pepper was most closely related to P. nigrum while being completely discriminated from other Piper species. The Piper oils showed promising inhibitory effects on Helicobacter pylori. P. longum oil recorded the most efficient anti-Helicobacter activity [minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 1.95 μg/ml, which is the same as the MIC of clarithromycin], followed by the oil of white pepper (MIC = 3.90 μg/ml), while P. cubeba and P. nigrum produced the lowest activity (MIC value of 7.81 μg/ml). Conclusion: Piper essential oils can be used as nutritional supplements or therapeutic drugs to protect against H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Al-Sayed
- Department
of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams
University, 11566 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Haidy A. Gad
- Department
of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams
University, 11566 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dina M. El-Kersh
- Department
of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, The
British University in Egypt (BUE), 11837 Cairo, Egypt
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Gad H, Al-Sayed E, Ayoub I. Phytochemical discrimination of Pinus species based on GC-MS and ATR-IR analyses and their impact on Helicobacter pylori. Phytochem Anal 2021; 32:820-835. [PMID: 33462938 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The leaves and cones of Pinus plants as well as their essential oils have been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of several ailments. OBJECTIVES Phytochemical discrimination of Pinus species and investigation of their anti-Helicobacter pylori activity in vitro and in silico. MATERIALS AND METHODS Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and attenuated total reflectance infrared (ATR-IR) metabolic profiling of the essential oils of Pinus species. Principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchal cluster analysis (HCA) were applied for discrimination and segregation of Pinus species. RESULTS GC-MS revealed the presence of 76 constituents, where monoterpenes represented the major class with the dominance of α-pinene (72%) followed by β-pinene (16%) for P. canariensis. β-Pinene was the dominant component in P. pinea (24%) followed by terpinolene (11%). α-Pinene (17%) and caryophyllene (12%) were the major components in P. halepensis, while, 3-carene (33%) and α-pinene (17%) represented the major constituents of P. roxburghii oil. By applying PCA and HCA on GC-MS and ATR-IR data analysis, ATR-IR displayed much better discrimination for Pinus species. The pine oils showed promising inhibitory effects on Helicobacter pylori. Furthermore, in silico molecular modelling was carried out where the calculated free binding energies of phytochemicals identified ranged from -33.71 to -19.67 kcal/mol for urease and -41.18 to -16.57 kcal/mol for shikimate kinase. This suggests favourable binding of pine essential oil components to both enzymes, thus explaining their potential inhibitory activity on H. pylori. CONCLUSION GC-MS and ATR-IR based metabolic analyses could discriminate between Pinus species. Pine essential oils can be used as promising therapeutic drugs to protect against H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidy Gad
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Salman International University, South Sinai, Egypt
| | - Eman Al-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Iriny Ayoub
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
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Salehi B, Abu-Reidah IM, Sharopov F, Karazhan N, Sharifi-Rad J, Akram M, Daniyal M, Khan FS, Abbaass W, Zainab R, Carbone K, Fahmy NM, Al-Sayed E, El-Shazly M, Lucarini M, Durazzo A, Santini A, Martorell M, Pezzani R. Vicia plants-A comprehensive review on chemical composition and phytopharmacology. Phytother Res 2020; 35:790-809. [PMID: 32930444 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The plants belonging to the genus Vicia are of great interest as a source of many bioactive compounds and micronutrients. A snapshot of their cultivation, habitat, main components, from which essential oils can be obtained, is given. The traditional medicinal uses of Vicia plants are also reported, as well as the wide spectrum of the main biological activities attributed to Vicia plants is discussed regarding potential health beneficial properties, in particular anti-Parkinson, anticholinesterase, antidepressant, anticonvulsant, antimicrobial, cytotoxic, antioxidant, antiinflammatory and antinociceptive, antidiabetic, antihemolytic, anticoagulant, estrogenic, diuretic, antihypoxic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahare Salehi
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran, Bam, Iran.,Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran
| | - Ibrahim M Abu-Reidah
- Department of Environmental Science/Boreal Ecosystem Research Initiative, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
| | - Farukh Sharopov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Tajikistan
| | - Natallia Karazhan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Pharmaceutical Faculty of the EE VSMU, Vitebsk, Republic of Belarus
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Muhammad Akram
- Department of Eastern Medicine, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Daniyal
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Drug Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Fahad Said Khan
- Department of Eastern Medicine, University of Poonch, Rawalakot, Pakistan
| | - Wafa Abbaass
- Department of Eastern Medicine, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rida Zainab
- Department of Eastern Medicine, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Katya Carbone
- CREA, Research Centre for Olive, Citrus and Tree Fruit, Rome, Italy
| | - Nouran M Fahmy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman Al-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El-Shazly
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | | | - Antonello Santini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Miquel Martorell
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile.,Universidad de Concepción, Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico, UDT, Concepcion, Chile
| | - Raffaele Pezzani
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), OU Endocrinology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,AIROB, Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca Oncologica di Base, Padova, Italy
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12
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Al-Sayed E, Korinek M, Esmat A, Chen GY, Cheng YB, Hsieh PW, Chen BH, Hwang TL. Anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity of ellagitannin isolated from Melaleuca styphelioides. Phytochemistry 2020; 177:112429. [PMID: 32559488 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ellagitannins have a marked antioxidant effect and can prevent liver injury induced by free radicals. An undescribed ellagitannin named styphelioidin was isolated from Melaleuca styphelioides Sm. The structure of styphelioidin was elucidated by using various spectroscopic methods. The hepatoprotective activity of styphelioidin (25, 50, and 100 μM) was tested using the CCl4-challenged HepG2 cell model by measuring alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels in HepG2 cells treated with styphelioidin for 1 h followed by 40 mM CCl4. Glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase activity (SOD) and lipid peroxidation (MDA) were evaluated to determine the mechanisms of the hepatoprotective activity. Styphelioidin significantly reduced the levels of ALT, AST, and MDA at all tested concentrations. Moreover, it conferred a marked increase in the GSH levels and the SOD activity compared to the CCl4-treated groups. Styphelioidin also exerted DPPH· radical-scavenging effects with an IC50 value of 3.67 μM. Results indicated the hepatoprotective therapeutic potential of styphelioidin comparable to silymarin. Moreover, anti-inflammatory activity was assessed and styphelioidin inhibited fMLF/CB-induced elastase release in human neutrophils with IC50 2.51 μM. Cell-free experiments with human neutrophil elastase indicated a direct enzymatic inhibitory effect of styphelioidin on the enzyme activity (IC50 2.58 μM). The potential of styphelioidin to interact with human neutrophil elastase binding sites was further confirmed by molecular docking of styphelioidin into human neutrophil elastase crystal structure using AutoDock 4.2. Styphelioidin represents a potent hepatoprotective and antioxidant agent with effects on ALT, AST, MDA, GSH, and SOD comparable to silymarin. The beneficial anti-elastase properties hold the potential for drug development against elastase-related inflammatory diseases. This study highlights a promising natural hepatoprotective and anti-inflammatory candidate derived from M. styphelioides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Al-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, 11566, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Michal Korinek
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan; Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, and Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan.
| | - Ahmed Esmat
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
| | - Guan-Yu Chen
- Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Yuan-Bin Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Center for Natural Product Research and Development, College of Pharmacy, Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan; Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.
| | - Pei-Wen Hsieh
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan; Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan.
| | - Bing-Hung Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan; The Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan.
| | - Tsong-Long Hwang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan; Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, and Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan; Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, 33305, Taiwan; Chinese Herbal Medicine Research Team, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 33302, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, 24301, Taiwan.
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13
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Salehi B, Sharifi-Rad J, Cappellini F, Reiner Ž, Zorzan D, Imran M, Sener B, Kilic M, El-Shazly M, Fahmy NM, Al-Sayed E, Martorell M, Tonelli C, Petroni K, Docea AO, Calina D, Maroyi A. The Therapeutic Potential of Anthocyanins: Current Approaches Based on Their Molecular Mechanism of Action. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1300. [PMID: 32982731 PMCID: PMC7479177 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanins are natural phenolic pigments with biological activity. They are well-known to have potent antioxidant and antiinflammatory activity, which explains the various biological effects reported for these substances suggesting their antidiabetic and anticancer activities, and their role in cardiovascular and neuroprotective prevention. This review aims to comprehensively analyze different studies performed on this class of compounds, their bioavailability and their therapeutic potential. An in-depth look in preclinical, in vitro and in vivo, and clinical studies indicates the preventive effects of anthocyanins on cardioprotection, neuroprotection, antiobesity as well as their antidiabetes and anticancer effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahare Salehi
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Željko Reiner
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Debora Zorzan
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Bilge Sener
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehtap Kilic
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mohamed El-Shazly
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nouran M. Fahmy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman Al-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Miquel Martorell
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile
- Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico, Universidad de Concepción UDT, Concepcion, Chile
| | - Chiara Tonelli
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Katia Petroni
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Anca Oana Docea
- Department of Toxicology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania
| | - Daniela Calina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Craiova, Romania
| | - Alfred Maroyi
- Department of Botany, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa
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14
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Salehi B, Selamoglu Z, Sevindik M, Fahmy NM, Al-Sayed E, El-Shazly M, Csupor-Löffler B, Csupor D, Yazdi SE, Sharifi-Rad J, Arserim-Uçar DK, Arserim EH, Karazhan N, Jahani A, Dey A, Azadi H, Vakili SA, Sharopov F, Martins N, Büsselberg D. Achillea spp.: A comprehensive review on its ethnobotany, phytochemistry, phytopharmacology and industrial applications. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2020. [PMID: 32583790 DOI: 10.14715/cmb/2020.66.4.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The genus Achillea genus houses more than 100 species, a number of them are popularly used in traditional medicine for spasmodic gastrointestinal, gynecological and hepatobiliary disorders, hemorrhages, pneumonia, rheumatic pain, inflammation, wounds healing etc. Members of the genus contain a wide variety of volatile and non-volatile secondary metabolites, including terpenes, polyphenols, flavonoids and others. Multiple studies have assessed the biological effects and other aspects of Achillea spp. In a number of preclinical studies, Achillea plants and their essential oils have demonstrated promising antibacterial properties against a number of human and plant pathogens. Besides, the plants have displayed strong antioxidative and potent anti-proliferative and anticancer properties in various cellular and animal models. Achillea plants have widely been used as food preservative in food industry. Clinical studies have indicated its potential against multiple sclerosis (MS), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), ulcerative colitis, episiotomy wound, primary dysmenorrhea, oral mucositis etc. The present work focuses to provide a brief overview on folk knowledge, phytochemistry, biological activity and applications of Achillea plants. There is a close relationship between the traditional ethnobotanical usage and pharmacological and clinical data from different Achillea spp. The application of Achillea plants and their extracts seems to be a promising alternative for antimicrobial and antioxidant purposes in food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahare Salehi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran
| | - Zeliha Selamoglu
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Nigde Ömer Halisdemir University, Campus, 51240, Nigde, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Sevindik
- Osmaniye Korkut Ata University, Bahçe Vocational School, Department of Food Processing, Osmaniye, Turkey
| | - Nouran M Fahmy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, 11566, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman Al-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, 11566, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El-Shazly
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, 11566, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Dezső Csupor
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Simin Emamzadeh Yazdi
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, Gauteng 0002, South Africa
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Natallia Karazhan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Pharmaceutical Faculty of the EE VSMU, Vitebsk, Republic of Belarus
| | - Ali Jahani
- Department of Natural Environment and Biodiversity, College of Environment, Karaj, Iran
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata: 700073, India
| | - Hamed Azadi
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding Science, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Tehran-Pakdasht, Iran
| | - Somayeh Afsah Vakili
- Department of Pharmacology, Visveswarapura Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bangalore-560070, Karnataka, India
| | - Farukh Sharopov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Rudaki 139, 734003, Dushanbe, Tajikistan
| | - Natália Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Dietrich Büsselberg
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, P.O. Box 24144, Qatar
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15
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Al-Sayed E, Ke TY, Hwang TL, Chen SR, Korinek M, Chen SL, Cheng YB. Cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory effects of lignans and diterpenes from Cupressus macrocarpa. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127127. [PMID: 32223924 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Cupressus macrocarpa is a windbreak tree and is reported to have various cytotoxic effects. A natural product study on the leaves of C. macrocarpa has yielded ten secondary metabolites, including three new diterpenoids (1-3), four known diterpenoids (4-7), and three known lignans (8-10). The structures of all isolated compounds were elucidated via the interpretation of spectroscopic methods, especially 2D NMR and mass analyses. In the cytotoxic assays, compounds 1-3 and 7-10 showed inhibition effect against HepG2, MDA-MB-231, and A549 cells with IC50 values ranging from 0.004 to 19.9 μg/mL. Moreover, the anti-inflammatory assays revealed that (-)-matairesinol (8) had significant inhibitory activities on superoxide anion generation (IC50 = 2.7 ± 0.3 μM) and elastase release (IC50 = 6.6 ± 0.7 μM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Al-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Tzu-Yi Ke
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Center for Natural Product Research and Development, College of Pharmacy, Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Tsong-Long Hwang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, and Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; Chinese Herbal Medicine Research Team, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Rong Chen
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Center for Natural Product Research and Development, College of Pharmacy, Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Michal Korinek
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, and Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Li Chen
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Center for Natural Product Research and Development, College of Pharmacy, Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Bin Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Center for Natural Product Research and Development, College of Pharmacy, Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan.
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16
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Fahmy NM, Al-Sayed E, Michel HE, El-Shazly M, Singab ANB. Gastroprotective effects of Erythrina speciosa (Fabaceae) leaves cultivated in Egypt against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2020; 248:112297. [PMID: 31606535 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Members of the genus Erythrina have been traditionally used in the treatment of various ailments such as inflammation and gastrointestinal disorders. Erythrina speciosa (Fabaceae) is a spiny, deciduous shrub or small tree native to Southern America in Brazil. It is cultivated in Africa and Asia. The traditional usage of E. speciosa indicated its antibacterial, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory activities. AIM OF THE STUDY Evaluation of the phytochemical constituents, gastroprotective effects and possible mechanism of action of the ethyl acetate fraction obtained from the methanol extract of E. speciosa leaves (ESLE). MATERIALS AND METHODS Chemical characterization of ESLE was done using high performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS). The gastroprotective activity of ESLE was evaluated using ethanol-induced gastric-ulcer model in rats. Rats were pre-treated with ESLE 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg 1 h before the administration of absolute ethanol. Histological analysis, mucin content, and total acidity were evaluated. The possible mechanism of action of ESLE was studied through the examination of oxidative stress and inflammatory markers, PGE2, and NF-κB, iNOS, COX-2, and HSP-70 immunoexpression. In vitro, anti-Helicobacter pylori activity of ESLE was also studied using micro-well dilution method. RESULTS Fourteen compounds were tentatively identified including alkaloids, flavonoids, and saponins. ESLE exerted a powerful gastroprotective effect. The pre-treatment with ESLE at different doses resulted in a significant reduction in gastric lesions and significant elevation in the mucin production. These effects could be partially mediated by the potent anti-inflammatory activity of ESLE as evidenced by the significant reduction in the immunoexpression of NF-κB, COX-2, iNOS and the reduction in the pro-inflammatory marker, TNF-α. ESLE counteracted the ethanol-induced oxidative stress by increasing the levels of depleted GSH and catalase as well as significantly attenuating the ethanol-induced lipid peroxidation tissue levels. In addition, ESLE exhibited in vitro antibacterial activity against H. pylori. CONCLUSIONS The chemical constituents of ESLE strongly support its potent gastroprotective effect suggesting its future potential application in the management of gastric ulcer by eliminating its symptoms and causes including H. pylori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nouran M Fahmy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Eman Al-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Haidy E Michel
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El-Shazly
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, 11835, Egypt.
| | - Abdel Nasser B Singab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt; Centre for Drug Discovery and Development Research, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
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17
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Fahmy NM, Al-Sayed E, Moghannem S, Azam F, El-Shazly M, Singab AN. Breaking Down the Barriers to a Natural Antiviral Agent: Antiviral Activity and Molecular Docking of Erythrina speciosa Extract, Fractions, and the Major Compound. Chem Biodivers 2020; 17:e1900511. [PMID: 31800173 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201900511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The in vitro cytotoxic activity in Vero cells and the antiviral activity of Erythrina speciosa methanol extract, fractions, and isolated vitexin were studied. The results revealed that E. speciosa leaves ethyl acetate soluble fraction of the methanol extract (ESLE) was the most active against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). Bioactivity-guided fractionation was performed on ESLE to isolate the bioactive compounds responsible for this activity. One sub-fraction from ESLE (ESLE IV) showed the highest activity against HSV-1 and Hepatitis A HAV-H10 viruses. Vitexin isolated from ESLE VI exhibited a significant antiviral activity (EC50 =35±2.7 and 18±3.3 μg/mL against HAV-H10 and HSV-1 virus, respectively), which was notably greater than the activity of the extract and the fractions. Molecular docking studies were carried out to explore the molecular interactions of vitexin with different macromolecular targets. Analysis of the in silico data together with the in vitro studies validated the antiviral activity associated with vitexin. These outcomes indicated that vitexin is a potential candidate to be utilized commendably in lead optimization for the development of antiviral agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nouran M Fahmy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Abassia, 11566, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman Al-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Abassia, 11566, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Saad Moghannem
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, 11884, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Faizul Azam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, 51911, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed El-Shazly
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Abassia, 11566, Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, 11835, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdel Nasser Singab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Abassia, 11566, Cairo, Egypt.,Center for Drug Discovery and Development Research, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, 11566, Cairo, Egypt
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18
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Elkhawas YA, Elissawy AM, Elnaggar MS, Mostafa NM, Al-Sayed E, Bishr MM, Singab ANB, Salama OM. Chemical Diversity in Species Belonging to Soft Coral Genus Sacrophyton and Its Impact on Biological Activity: A Review. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:E41. [PMID: 31935862 PMCID: PMC7024209 DOI: 10.3390/md18010041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the most widely distributed soft coral species, found especially in shallow waters of the Indo-Pacific region, Red Sea, Mediterranean Sea, and also the Arctic, is genus Sacrophyton. The total number of species belonging to it was estimated to be 40. Sarcophyton species are considered to be a reservoir of bioactive natural metabolites. Secondary metabolites isolated from members belonging to this genus show great chemical diversity. They are rich in terpenoids, in particular, cembranoids diterpenes, tetratepenoids, triterpenoids, and ceramide, in addition to steroids, sesquiterpenes, and fatty acids. They showed a broad range of potent biological activities, such as antitumor, neuroprotective, antimicrobial, antiviral, antidiabetic, antifouling, and anti-inflammatory activity. This review presents all isolated secondary metabolites from species of genera Sacrophyton, as well as their reported biological activities covering a period of about two decades (1998-2019). It deals with 481 metabolites, including 323 diterpenes, 39 biscembranoids, 11 sesquiterpenes, 53 polyoxygenated sterols, and 55 miscellaneous and their pharmacological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin A. Elkhawas
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal plants, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Industries, Future University in Egypt, Cairo 11835, Egypt;
| | - Ahmed M. Elissawy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt; (A.M.E.); (M.S.E.); (N.M.M.); (E.A.-S.); (A.N.B.S.)
- Center of Drug Discovery Research and Development, Ain-Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S. Elnaggar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt; (A.M.E.); (M.S.E.); (N.M.M.); (E.A.-S.); (A.N.B.S.)
- Center of Drug Discovery Research and Development, Ain-Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Nada M. Mostafa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt; (A.M.E.); (M.S.E.); (N.M.M.); (E.A.-S.); (A.N.B.S.)
| | - Eman Al-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt; (A.M.E.); (M.S.E.); (N.M.M.); (E.A.-S.); (A.N.B.S.)
| | - Mokhtar M. Bishr
- Plant General Manager and Technical Director, Mepaco Co., Sharkeiya 11361, Egypt;
| | - Abdel Nasser B. Singab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt; (A.M.E.); (M.S.E.); (N.M.M.); (E.A.-S.); (A.N.B.S.)
- Center of Drug Discovery Research and Development, Ain-Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Osama M. Salama
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal plants, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Industries, Future University in Egypt, Cairo 11835, Egypt;
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Al-Sayed E, Michel HE, Khattab MA, El-Shazly M, Singab AN. Protective Role of Casuarinin from Melaleuca leucadendra against Ethanol-Induced Gastric Ulcer in Rats. Planta Med 2020; 86:32-44. [PMID: 31689719 DOI: 10.1055/a-1031-7328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Gastric ulcer is a major health problem. Current treatment options of gastric ulcer, including antagonists of histamine H2 receptor and inhibitors of the proton pump, do not cure gastric ulcers, but only provide temporary relief of symptoms and can be associated with severe side effects. The lack of effective and safe medications for this global health problem urges for the discovery of novel classes of compounds with potent activity and an acceptable safety profile. Ethanol-induced ulceration in rats was used to evaluate the gastroprotective activity of casuarinin, an ellagitannin isolated from Melaleuca leucadendra. Casuarinin (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) reduced the ulcer area by 45, 78, and 99%, respectively, compared with the ulcer group. Casuarinin (100 mg/kg) increased mucin content by 1.8-fold and reduced acidity by 42%. At the same dose, it also increased the levels of reduced glutathione by 194%, catalase by 586%, and prostaglandin E2 to its normal level. In contrast, it attenuated the ethanol-increased levels of malondialdehyde by 56%, TNF-α by 58%, and caspase-3 by 87%. Histological findings demonstrated that casuarinin exhibited a protective effect against tissue alterations in response to the ethanol-induced ulcer. Casuarinin suppressed the immunoexpression of nuclear factor-kappa B, cyclooxygenase-2, and inducible nitric oxide synthase to their normal values. It also induced the expression of heat shock protein-70, reaching up to 4.9-fold in comparison with the ulcer group. The potent gastroprotective effect of casuarinin was thus attributed to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiapoptotic effects. Our results suggest the potential application of casuarinin as an antiulcer agent from natural sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Al-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Haidy E Michel
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Mohamed El-Shazly
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdel Nasser Singab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Abstract
Genus Erythrina (Fabaceae) comprises several species, which are widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. The plants of this genus exhibited significant role in traditional medicine targeting different diseases. Alkaloids and flavonoids were reported as the chief bioactive constituents of this genus with a wide range of biological activities. About 143 alkaloids were isolated from Erythrina sp. Anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, curare-like activity, insecticidal and cytotoxic activities were reported for Erythrina sp. alkaloids. The present work is an overview of the isolated alkaloids from Erythrina sp. with their reported biological activities.[Figure: see text]Abbreviations: CHCl3: Chloroform; CNS: Central nervous system; DCM: Methylene chloride; DPPH: 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl; E.: Erythrina; ERα/β: Estrogen receptors α/β; EtOAc: Ethyl acetate; EtOH: Ethanol; Hep-G2: Human liver carcinoma cell lines; HIV: Human immunodeficiency virus; HL-60: Human promyelocytic leukemia cells; K-562: Human immortalized myelogenous leukemia cell line; LPS: Lipopolysaccharide; MeOH: Methanol; MOLT-4: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell line; nAChRs: nicotinic acetylcholine receptors; NO: Nitric oxide; NREM: non-rapid eye movement; Pet. ether: Petroleum ether; RBA: Receptor binder affinity; TRAIL: Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nouran M Fahmy
- Department of Pharmacognosy Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman Al-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El-Shazly
- Department of Pharmacognosy Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Pharmaceutical Biology Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdel Nasser Singab
- Department of Pharmacognosy Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.,Center for Drug Discovery and Development Research, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Divya G, Albert A, Singab ANB, Ayoub IM, Al-Sayed E, Paul E, Manoharan K, Saso L, Selvam GS. Renoprotective effect of tectorigenin glycosides isolated from Iris spuria L. (Zeal) against hyperoxaluria and hyperglycemia in NRK-49Fcells. Nat Prod Res 2019; 35:1029-1034. [PMID: 31135219 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1613396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been identified as an underlying factor in the development of insulin resistance, β-cell dysfunction, impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes mellitus and it also play major role in kidney stone formation. The present study is aimed to elucidate the in vitro nephroprotective activity of two isoflavonoid glycosides, tectorigenin 7-O-β-D-glucosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucoside (1) and tectorigenin 7-O-β-D-glucosyl-4'-O-β-D-glucoside (2) isolated from the n-BuOH fraction of Iris spuria L. (Zeal) rhizome MeOH extract against oxalate and high glucose-induced oxidative stress in NRK-49F cells. The results revealed that compounds 1 and 2 significantly increased the antioxidant enzyme activities and decreased MDA levels in both oxalate and high glucose stress. Treatment with these phytochemicals effectively down-regulated expression of crystal modulator genes and pro-fibrotic genes in oxalate and high glucose-mediated stress respectively. This study indicates cytoprotective, antioxidant, anti-urolithic and anti-diabetic effects of compounds 1 and 2 against oxalate and high glucose stress.[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesan Divya
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, India
| | - Abhishek Albert
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, India
| | - Abdel Nasser B Singab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Iriny M Ayoub
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman Al-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eldho Paul
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, India
| | - Kumarriah Manoharan
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, India
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Govindan Sadasivam Selvam
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, India
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Abd El-Ghffar EA, Al-Sayed E, Shehata SM, Eldahshan OA, Efferth T. The protective role of Ocimum basilicum L. (Basil) against aspirin-induced gastric ulcer in mice: Impact on oxidative stress, inflammation, motor deficits and anxiety-like behavior. Food Funct 2018; 9:4457-4468. [PMID: 30073231 DOI: 10.1039/c8fo00538a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The gastroprotective effect of Ocimum basilicum L. (Basil) hexane extract (OBHE) in aspirin-induced gastric ulcers in mice and its ameliorative effect on behavioral alterations were determined. Pretreatment with OBHE (100 or 200 mg kg-1) or misoprostol (50 μg kg-1) alleviated the aspirin-induced oxidative stress by significantly decreasing (p < 0.001) gastric ulcer index scores (57, 76 and 79%), gastric TBARS (by 49, 51 and 52%), NO (21, 28 and 29%), H2O2 (24, 42 and 45%), and the serum pro-inflammatory mediator TNF-α (21, 53 and 53%) and IL-6 (29, 30 and 31%), as well as by markedly increasing gastric GSH (41, 61 and 70%), GSH-Px (21, 32 and 34%), GST (33, 63 and 70%), GR (90, 99 and 112%), CAT (167, 211 and 267%) and serum PGE-2 levels (22, 135 and 200%) and IL-4 (64, 81 and 104%), respectively, compared with the aspirin-treated group. Meanwhile, OBHE and misoprostol induced a significant decrease (p < 0.001) in the freezing time (53, 56 and 64%), and the grooming time (by 25, 43 and 44%), respectively, compared to the aspirin treated group. This study provides evidence that OBHE confers anxiolytic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory prophylactic effects on aspirin-induced gastric ulcers. GC/MS was used for the characterization of OBHE components. Based on the findings of this study, basil may be used as a nutritional supplement or therapeutic drug to protect against aspirin-induced gastric ulcers, a common problem resulting from the use of aspirin.
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Al-Sayed E, Abdel-Daim MM, Khattab MA. Hepatoprotective activity of praecoxin A isolated fromMelaleuca ericifoliaagainst carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in mice. Impact on oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Phytother Res 2018; 33:461-470. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eman Al-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy; Ain-Shams University; Cairo Egypt
| | - Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Suez Canal University; Ismailia Egypt
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Al-Sayed E, Abdel-Daim MM. Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of epicatechin gallate from Bauhinia hookeri. Drug Dev Res 2018; 79:157-164. [DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eman Al-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy; Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University; Cairo 11566 Egypt
| | - Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim
- Department of Pharmacology; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University; Ismailia 41522 Egypt
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Sameh S, Al-Sayed E, Labib RM, Singab AN. Genus Spondias: A Phytochemical and Pharmacological Review. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2018; 2018:5382904. [PMID: 29785194 PMCID: PMC5896409 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5382904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
It is believed that many degenerative diseases are due to oxidative stress. In view of the limited drugs available for treating degenerative diseases, natural products represent a promising therapeutic strategy in the search for new and effective candidates for treating degenerative diseases. This review focuses on the genus Spondias which is widely used in traditional medicine for the treatment of many diseases. Spondias is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the cashew family (Anacardiaceae). This genus comprises 18 species distributed across tropical regions in the world. A variety of bioactive phytochemical constituents were isolated from different plants belonging to the genus Spondias. Diverse pharmacological activities were reported for the genus Spondias including cytotoxic, antioxidant, ulcer protective, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antiarthritic, and antidementia effects. These attributes indicate their potential to treat various degenerative diseases. The aim of this review is to draw attention to the unexplored potential of phytochemicals obtained from Spondias species, thereby contributing to the development of new therapeutic alternatives that may improve the health of people suffering from degenerative diseases and other health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma Sameh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Eman Al-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Rola M. Labib
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Abdel Nasser Singab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
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26
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Al-Sayed E, Gad HA, El-Shazly M, Abdel-Daim MM, Nasser Singab A. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of cupressuflavone from Cupressus macrocarpa: Impact on pro-inflammatory mediators. Drug Dev Res 2017; 79:22-28. [PMID: 29130540 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Hit, Lead & Candidate Discovery Inflammation is a complex biological process that is generally occurs in response to pathological triggers. Both neurodegenerative diseases and cancer have been linked to inflammation. The analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of cupressuflavone (CUF) isolated from Cupressus macrocarpa were examined. The analgesic effects of CUF (40, 80 and 160 mg/kg po) were assessed in the acetic acid-induced writhing and hot plate models in mice with diclofenac sodium as the reference standard (100 mg/kg). CUF dose-dependently inhibited the writhing response in mice by 25, 48, and 62%, at the three CUF doses with 160 mg/kg being equivalent to the diclofenac control. CUF dose-dependently increased the hot plate model reaction time with a maximal effect after 120 min. In the carrageenan-induced paw edema model of inflammation, CUF demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting paw edema by 55, 60, and 64% at doses of 40, 80, and 160 mg/kg po, respectively. CUF also reduced the plasma pro-inflammatory mediators PGE2 (44, 54, and 58%), TNF-α (26, 37, and 53%), IL-1β (19, 33, and 41%), and IL-6 (32, 44, and 55%) at the three doses tested with the highest dose having similar effects to diclofenac sodium (100 mg/kg). This finding from this study indicates that CUF has both analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Al-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, African Unity Str., Abbassia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Haidy A Gad
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, African Unity Str., Abbassia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El-Shazly
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, African Unity Str., Abbassia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.,Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, 11432, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Abdel Nasser Singab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, African Unity Str., Abbassia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
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Ganesan D, Al-Sayed E, Albert A, Paul E, Singab ANB, Govindan Sadasivam S, Saso L. Antioxidant activity of phenolic compounds from extracts of Eucalyptus globulus and Melaleuca styphelioides and their protective role on D-glucose-induced hyperglycemic stress and oxalate stress in NRK-49Fcells. Nat Prod Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2017.1343324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Divya Ganesan
- Department of Biochemistry, Centre for Excellence in Genomics Science, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, India
| | - Eman Al-Sayed
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abhishek Albert
- Department of Biochemistry, Centre for Excellence in Genomics Science, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, India
| | - Eldho Paul
- Department of Biochemistry, Centre for Excellence in Genomics Science, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, India
| | | | - Selvam Govindan Sadasivam
- Department of Biochemistry, Centre for Excellence in Genomics Science, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, India
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
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28
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Fahmy NM, Al-Sayed E, Abdel-Daim MM, Singab AN. Anti-Inflammatory and Analgesic Activities of Terminalia Muelleri Benth. (Combretaceae). Drug Dev Res 2017; 78:146-154. [PMID: 28524398 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Preclinical Research The anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of a polyphenol-rich fraction (TMEF) obtained from Terminalia muelleri Benth. were measured. The analgesic activity of TMEF was tested using acetic acid-induced writhing and hot plate models in mice. The anti-inflammatory activity was assessed using carrageenan-induced paw edema model by measuring PGE2 , TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 plasma levels as well as the paw thickness. TMEF was tested at doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg p.o. and diclofenac sodium was used as a standard (100 mg/kg) in all experiments. The group treated with 400 mg/kg of TMEF showed a greater inhibition in the number of writhes (by 63%) than the standard-treated group (61%). Pretreatment with TMEF increased the analgesic effect in hot plate test in a dose-dependent manner with a maximum effect after 120 min. TMEF pretreatment alos reduced the edema thickness by 48, 53, and 62% at the tested doses, respectively. TMEF administration inhibited the carrageenan-induced elevations in PGE2 (by 34, 43, and 47%), TNF-α (18, 28, and 41%), IL-1β (14, 22, and 29%), and IL-6 (26, 31, and 46%). Four phenolic compounds were isolated from Terminalia muelleri for the first time. Drug Dev Res 78 : 146-154, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nouran M Fahmy
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Eman Al-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Abdel Nasser Singab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, 11566, Egypt
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Fahmy N, Al-Sayed E, Singab AN. Phytochemical screening and antioxidant activity of Terminalia muelleri benth. leaf extract. Archives of Pharmaceutical Sciences Ain Shams University 2017. [DOI: 10.21608/aps.2017.10355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Al-Sayed E, Eldahshan OA, Bahgat DM, Singab ANB. Cytotoxic Oleanane-Type Saponins from the Leaves of Albizia anthelmintica
Brongn. Chem Biodivers 2016; 13:1666-1673. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201600102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eman Al-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy; Faculty of Pharmacy; Ain-Shams University; Cairo 11566 Egypt
| | - Omayma A. Eldahshan
- Department of Pharmacognosy; Faculty of Pharmacy; Ain-Shams University; Cairo 11566 Egypt
| | - Dina M. Bahgat
- Department of Pharmacognosy; Faculty of Pharmacy; Ain-Shams University; Cairo 11566 Egypt
| | - Abdel Nasser B. Singab
- Department of Pharmacognosy; Faculty of Pharmacy; Ain-Shams University; Cairo 11566 Egypt
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Al-Sayed E, Esmat A. Hepatoprotective and antioxidant effect of ellagitannins and galloyl esters isolated from Melaleuca styphelioides on carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in HepG2 cells. Pharm Biol 2016; 54:1727-1735. [PMID: 26731241 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2015.1125933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Context In a previous study, the total extract of Melaleuca styphelioides Sm. (Myrtaceae) showed a significant hepatoprotective effect in a CCl4-induced toxicity model in mice. However, the active components responsible for the activity of the extract were not identified. Objective To determine the in vitro hepatoprotective activity of the isolated pure compounds from M. styphelioides leaves using the CCl4-challenged HepG2 cell model. Materials and methods The hepatoprotective activity of the compounds (at concentrations of 100, 50 and 25 μm), the total extract and silymarin (Sil) (100, 50 and 25 μg/ml) was determined by measuring the activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) after pretreatment with the tested samples for one hour. Glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase activity (SOD) were estimated to determine the mechanisms of the hepatoprotective activity. Results Some compounds showed marked hepatoprotection, including tellimagrandin I, which produced 42, 36 and 31% decrease in ALT and 47, 43 and 37% decrease in AST, at the tested concentrations, respectively, pedunculagin (32, 32 and 30% decrease for ALT and 48, 48 and 45% for AST), tellimagrandin II (38, 32 and 26% decrease for ALT and 45, 40 and 34% for AST) and pentagalloyl glucose (30, 28 and 26% decrease for ALT and 45, 38 and 36% for AST). Tellimagrandin I and II showed the highest increase in GSH (113, 105 and 81% and 110, 103 and 79%, respectively), which was comparable to Sil. Pedunculagin produced the highest increase in SOD (497, 350 and 258%). Conclusion This study highlights promising natural hepatoprotective candidates derived from M. styphelioides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Al-Sayed
- a Department of Pharmacognosy , Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Ahmed Esmat
- b Department of Pharmacology , Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University , Cairo , Egypt
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32
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Al-Sayed E, Abdel-Daim MM, Kilany OE, Karonen M, Sinkkonen J. Protective role of polyphenols from Bauhinia hookeri against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepato- and nephrotoxicity in mice. Ren Fail 2015; 37:1198-207. [PMID: 26382171 DOI: 10.3109/0886022x.2015.1061886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The hepatoprotective and nephroprotective activity of a polyphenol-rich fraction (BHPF) obtained from Bauhinia hookeri was investigated against CCl4-induced acute hepatorenal toxicity in mice. BHPF was administered (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg/day) for 5 days, then CCl4 was administered. BHPF pretreatment significantly (p < 0.001) inhibited the CCl4-induced increase in ALT, AST, ALP, LDH, total bilirubin, cholesterol, creatinine, uric acid, urea and malondialdehyde in a dose-dependent manner. In contrast, BHPF pretreatment markedly increased the contents of glutathione and superoxide dismutase in the liver and kidney tissues, indicating the strong in vivo antioxidant activity of BHPF. Pretreatment with BHPF preserved the hepatic architecture and conferred marked protection against necrosis and ballooning degeneration. Pretreatment with BHPF reduced the inflammatory cell aggregation and degenerative changes in the lining epithelium of the kidney tubules. It can be concluded that BHPF has a remarkable hepato- and nephroprotective activity by enhancing the antioxidant defense status, reducing lipid peroxidation and protecting against the histopathological changes induced by CCl4 in the liver and kidney tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Al-Sayed
- a Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy , Ain-Shams University , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- b Department of Pharmacoloy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Suez Canal University , Ismailia , Egypt
| | - Omnia E Kilany
- c Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Suez Canal University , Ismailia , Egypt , and
| | - Maarit Karonen
- d Laboratory of Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, University of Turku , Turku , Finland
| | - Jari Sinkkonen
- d Laboratory of Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, University of Turku , Turku , Finland
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Fahmy NM, Al-Sayed E, Abdel-Daim MM, Karonen M, Singab AN. Protective effect of Terminalia muelleri against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepato and nephro-toxicity in mice and characterization of its bioactive constituents. Pharm Biol 2015; 54:303-313. [PMID: 25894213 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2015.1035794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Terminalia is used in folk medicine for the treatment of various diseases. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to investigate the hepatonephro protective activity of a polyphenol-rich fraction (TMEF) obtained from Terminalia muelleri Benth. (Combretaceae) against CCl4-induced toxicity in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS TMEF was administered (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg/d) for 5 d. CCl4 was administered at the end of the experiment. Hepatic and renal biomarkers were measured in the serum. Glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were estimated in the liver and kidney tissues. The active constituents of TMEF were identified by HPLC-PDA-ESI/MS/MS. RESULTS TMEF is rich in ellagitannins, galloyl esters, phenolic acids, and flavone-C-glucosides. TMEF pretreatment significantly (p < 0.001) inhibited the CCl4-induced increase in ALT (17, 43, and 53%), AST (20, 46, and 58%), ALP (20, 48, and 56%), LDH (21, 47, and 58%), hepatic MDA (23, 49, and 54%), renal MDA (22, 35, and 52%), creatinine (48, 66, and 91%), uric acid (16, 34, and 59%), urea (22, 39, and 59%), and cholesterol (20, 27, and 46%). Furthermore, TMEF administration significantly (p < 0.001) increased hepatic GSH (15, 51, and 79%), renal GSH (23, 45, and 73%), hepatic SOD (9, 52, and 95%), renal SOD (39, 66, and 85%) and protein levels (17, 24, and 29%) at the tested doses of TMEF, respectively. Pretreatment with TMEF preserved the hepatic architecture and protected from ballooning degeneration, liver necrosis, renal inflammation, and degeneration of the kidney tubules. CONCLUSION TMEF has a marked hepato-nephro protective effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nouran Mohamed Fahmy
- a Department of Pharmacognosy , Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Eman Al-Sayed
- a Department of Pharmacognosy , Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- b Department of Pharmacology , Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University , Ismailia , Egypt , and
| | - Maarit Karonen
- c Laboratory of Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry , University of Turku , Turku , Finland
| | - Abdel Nasser Singab
- a Department of Pharmacognosy , Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University , Cairo , Egypt
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Al-Sayed E, El-Naga RN. Protective role of ellagitannins from Eucalyptus citriodora against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in rats: impact on oxidative stress, inflammation and calcitonin-gene related peptide. Phytomedicine 2015; 22:5-15. [PMID: 25636864 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2014.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2014] [Revised: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The gastroprotective activity of an ellagitannin-rich fraction obtained from Eucalyptus citriodora (ECF) was investigated against ethanol-induced gastric ulceration in rats. The rats were pretreated with ECF (25, 50 and 100mg/kg) 1h before the administration of absolute ethanol to induce acute gastric ulceration. The gastric lesions were significantly reduced by all doses of ECF. Notably, pre-treatment with ECF (100mg/kg) conferred 99.6% gastroprotection, which is significantly higher than that produced by omeprazole. Moreover, ECF administration markedly increased the mucin content in a dose-dependent manner. The potent gastroprotective effect of ECF could be partly mediated by attenuating ethanol-induced oxidative stress. ECF-pre-treatment markedly increased the depleted GSH and SOD levels in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, ECF significantly decreased the elevated MDA tissue levels induced by ethanol administration. The results demonstrated that ECF administration exerted a powerful anti-inflammatory activity as evidenced by the reduction in the pro-inflammatory markers; IL-1β, TNF-α, 5-LO and COX-2. Additionally, the caspase-3 tissue levels were significantly reduced in the groups pre-treated with ECF. These results suggest that ECF could exert a beneficial gastroprotective effect through their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties. Furthermore, ECF pre-treatment significantly attenuated the ethanol-induced decrease in CGRP expression, which has a protective role against gastric ulceration. Histopathological examination revealed intact mucosal layer, absence of hemorrhage and necrosis in groups treated with ECF. Ellagitannins were identified as the major active constituents responsible for the marked antioxidant and gastroprotective properties of ECF. The HPLC-PDA-ESI/MS/MS technique was employed to identify the ellagitannins of E. citriodora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Al-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, 11566 Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Reem N El-Naga
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, 11566 Cairo, Egypt
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Al-Sayed E, Abdel-Daim MM. Protective role of Cupressuflavone from Cupressus macrocarpa against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepato- and nephrotoxicity in mice. Planta Med 2014; 80:1665-1671. [PMID: 25338212 DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1383211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The hepatoprotective and nephroprotective activity of cupressuflavone isolated from Cupressus macrocarpa was investigated against CCl4-induced toxicity in mice. Cupressuflavone was administered (40, 80, and 160 mg/kg/day) for five days. CCl4 was administered (0.5 mL/kg intraperitoneally) at the end of the experiment. A substantial increase (p < 0.001) in the levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, total bilirubin, cholesterol, creatinine, uric acid, urea, and malondialdehyde was observed in the CCl4-treated group compared to the normal control group. In contrast, a significant reduction (p < 0.001) in glutathione and superoxide dismutase contents as well as the total protein level was evident in the CCl4-intoxicated mice. Cupressuflavone pretreatment markedly inhibited the CCl4-induced increase in alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, cholesterol, creatinine, uric acid, urea, and malondialdehyde levels in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.001 at all the tested doses). In addition, a significant (p < 0.001) and dose-dependent decrease in the total bilirubin levels was evident by cupressuflavone pretreatment (80 and 160 mg/kg/day) when compared to the CCl4-intoxicated group. Furthermore, cupressuflavone administration significantly increased the activity of antioxidant parameters glutathione and superoxide dismutase as well as the serum protein levels (p < 0.001 at all the tested doses) in a dose-dependent manner. Histological observations confirmed the strong hepato- and nephroprotective activity. These findings suggest that cupressuflavone could exert a beneficial effect against oxidative stress by enhancing the antioxidant defense status, reducing lipid peroxidation, and protecting against the pathological changes induced by CCl4 in the liver and kidney tissues. The structure of cupressuflavone was identified by NMR, UV, and HRESI-MS/MS spectral data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Al-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
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Al-Sayed E, El-Lakkany NM, Seif El-Din SH, Sabra ANA, Hammam OA. Hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity of Melaleuca styphelioides on carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in mice. Pharm Biol 2014; 52:1581-1590. [PMID: 25243881 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2014.908398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Liver disease is a serious problem. Polyphenolic compounds have marked antioxidant effect and can prevent the liver damage caused by free radicals. In vitro studies have revealed the strong antioxidant activity of an ellagitannin-rich plant, namely, Melaleuca styphelioides Sm. (Myrtaceae). OBJECTIVE In view of the limited therapeutic options available for the treatment of liver diseases, the hepatoprotective potential of the methanol extract of M. styphelioides leaves (MSE) was investigated against CCl4-induced liver injury in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS MSE was administered (500 and 1000 mg/kg/d p.o.) along with CCl4 for 6 weeks. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were determined in the serum. Glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione transferase (GST), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were estimated in the liver homogenate. The bioactive components of MSE were identified by NMR, UV and HRESI-MS/MS data. RESULTS MSE treatment (500 and 1000 mg/kg/d) markedly inhibited the CCl4-induced increase in the levels of AST (31 and 38%), ALT (29 and 32%), ALP (13 and 19%), and MDA (22 and 37%) at the tested doses, respectively. MSE treatment markedly increased the levels of GSH (29 and 57%) and antioxidant enzymes compared with the CCl4-treated group. MSE was more effective than silymarin in restoring the liver architecture and reducing the fatty changes, central vein congestion, Kupffer cell hyperplasia, inflammatory infiltration, and necrosis induced by CCl4. The LD50 of MSE was more than 5000 mg/kg. CONCLUSION MSE confers potent antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects against CCl4-induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Al-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University , Cairo , Egypt
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Al-Sayed E, Hamid HA, Abu El Einin HM. Molluscicidal and antischistosomal activities of methanol extracts and isolated compounds from Eucalyptus globulus and Melaleuca styphelioides. Pharm Biol 2014; 52:698-705. [PMID: 24824322 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2013.865240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease that results in severe organ damage. Snail control is the best measure to control schistosomiasis. Plant-derived molluscicides have gained increasing attention for the control of schistosomiasis because they have low toxicity towards non-target organisms. Tannins are particularly suitable for snail control because they are less toxic than saponins to non-target organisms. OBJECTIVE To identify the most toxic components of two plants belonging to the family Myrtaceae, namely Eucalyptus globulus Labill. and Melaleuca styphelioides Sm against the different developmental stages of Schistosoma mansoni and its snail host. MATERIALS AND METHODS The 80% MeOH leaf extracts of the tested plants and their isolated compounds were screened for their molluscicidal activity (expressed as LC50 and LC90 after 24 h exposure) against the snail Biomphalaria alexandrina. The anti-schistosomal activity of the tested samples was determined at 20 ppm (after 1 or 2 h exposure) against the different developmental stages of S. mansoni, including the miracidia, cercariae and worms. Biochemical parameters were measured to determine the toxicity mechanisms of the treated snails. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated based on NMR, UV and HRESI-MS/MS data. RESULTS Potent molluscicidal activity was observed for the ellagitannin dimer eucalbanin B (12), with an LC50 value of 55 ppm. Treatment of the snails with the LC25 of eucalbanin B (30.8 ppm) resulted in a significant decrease in the protein level by 22.7% and 25.8% in the snail tissues and hemolymph, respectively. The decreased protein content was attributed to destruction of the snail tissue and impairment in protein synthesis under stress conditions of intoxication with eucalbanin B. Alterations in the activities of the transaminases and phosphatases in the treated snails indicated destruction and intoxication of the snail tissues. A significant increase in the levels of the transaminases alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (57.8%) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (113.2%) in the snail hemolymph and a significant decrease in their tissue levels to 7.4 and 48.6%, respectively, were attributed to their release from the damaged tissue into the hemolymph. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was significantly increased by 38.5 and 181.4% in the hemolymph and tissues, respectively. Acid phosphatase (ACP) was also significantly increased by 48.4 and 21.2% in the hemolymph and tissues, respectively. The 80% MeOH extract of E. globulus together with mallophenol B (3), 2,2,8-trimethyl-6-formyl-chrom-3-ene-7-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (5) and benzyl alcohol 7-O-(3',4',6'-tri-O-galloyl)-β-d-glucopyranoside (10) exhibited miracidicidal activity with almost 100% toxicity at 20 ppm for the three compounds and 80% toxicity for the extract. Moreover, E. globulus extract showed cercaricidal and schistosomicidal activity with 100 and 40% mortality, respectively. CONCLUSION E. globulus is a potential source for biocidal compounds against S. mansoni and its snail host. This is the first study to test the biocidal activity of the isolated compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Al-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University , Cairo , Egypt and
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Al-Sayed E, Singab AN, Ayoub N, Martiskainen O, Sinkkonen J, Pihlaja K. HPLC–PDA–ESI–MS/MS profiling and chemopreventive potential of Eucalyptus gomphocephala DC. Food Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Al-Sayed E, Martiskainen O, Bobrowska-Hägerstrand M, Sinkkonen J, Törnquist K, Pihlaja K, Ayoub N, Singab AN. Phenolic compounds from Eucalyptus gomphocephala with potential cytotoxic and antioxidant activities. Nat Prod Commun 2010; 5:1639-1642. [PMID: 21121264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Two new phenolic compounds, 2,4,6-trihydroxy-5-methyl-acetophenone 2-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (3), and benzyl alcohol 7-O-(3',4',6'-tri-O-galloyl)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (8), together with eight known phenolic compounds, were isolated from the 70% aqueous acetone extract of Eucalyptus gomphocephala DC. (Myrtaceae). The isolated compounds were elucidated based on their 1H, 13C, DQF-COSY, selective 1D-TOCSY, HSQC, and HMBC NMR spectroscopic and ESI-MS data. The antioxidant effect of the phenolic compounds was tested using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl radical and super oxide anion radical scavenging assays. The cytotoxicity of the isolated compounds was evaluated using HeLa cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Al-Sayed
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland.
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