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Peixoto E, Atorrasagasti C, Aquino JB, Militello R, Bayo J, Fiore E, Piccioni F, Salvatierra E, Alaniz L, García MG, Bataller R, Corrales F, Gidekel M, Podhajcer O, Colombo MI, Mazzolini G. SPARC (secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine) knockdown protects mice from acute liver injury by reducing vascular endothelial cell damage. Gene Ther 2014; 22:9-19. [PMID: 25410742 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2014.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Revised: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Secreted protein, acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) is involved in many biological process including liver fibrogenesis, but its role in acute liver damage is unknown. To examine the role of SPARC in acute liver injury, we used SPARC knock-out (SPARC(-/-)) mice. Two models of acute liver damage were used: concanavalin A (Con A) and the agonistic anti-CD95 antibody Jo2. SPARC expression levels were analyzed in liver samples from patients with acute-on-chronic alcoholic hepatitis (AH). SPARC expression is increased on acute-on-chronic AH patients. Knockdown of SPARC decreased hepatic damage in the two models of liver injury. SPARC(-/-) mice showed a marked reduction in Con A-induced necroinflammation. Infiltration by CD4+ T cells, expression of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6 and apoptosis were attenuated in SPARC(-/-) mice. Sinusoidal endothelial cell monolayer was preserved and was less activated in Con A-treated SPARC(-/-) mice. SPARC knockdown reduced Con A-induced autophagy of cultured human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1). Hepatic transcriptome analysis revealed several gene networks that may have a role in the attenuated liver damaged found in Con A-treated SPARC(-/-) mice. SPARC has a significant role in the development of Con A-induced severe liver injury. These results suggest that SPARC could represent a therapeutic target in acute liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Peixoto
- Liver Unit, Gene Therapy Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Austral, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - C Atorrasagasti
- 1] Liver Unit, Gene Therapy Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Austral, Buenos Aires, Argentina [2] CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - J B Aquino
- 1] Liver Unit, Gene Therapy Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Austral, Buenos Aires, Argentina [2] CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - R Militello
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - J Bayo
- Liver Unit, Gene Therapy Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Austral, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - E Fiore
- Liver Unit, Gene Therapy Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Austral, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - F Piccioni
- Liver Unit, Gene Therapy Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Austral, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - E Salvatierra
- Molecular and Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Fundación Instituto Leloir, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - L Alaniz
- 1] Liver Unit, Gene Therapy Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Austral, Buenos Aires, Argentina [2] CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M G García
- 1] Liver Unit, Gene Therapy Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Austral, Buenos Aires, Argentina [2] CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - R Bataller
- 1] University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA [2] Institut d'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - F Corrales
- CIMA, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, España
| | - M Gidekel
- 1] Universidad de la Frontera, Temuco, Chile. [2] Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - O Podhajcer
- Molecular and Cellular Therapy Laboratory, Fundación Instituto Leloir, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M I Colombo
- 1] CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Buenos Aires, Argentina [2] Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - G Mazzolini
- 1] Liver Unit, Gene Therapy Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Austral, Buenos Aires, Argentina [2] CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Veluswamy H, Suryawala K, Sheth A, Wells S, Salvatierra E, Cromer W, Chaitanya GV, Painter A, Patel M, Manas K, Zwank E, Boktor M, Baig K, Datti B, Mathis MJ, Minagar A, Jordan PA, Alexander JS. African-American inflammatory bowel disease in a Southern U.S. health center. BMC Gastroenterol 2010; 10:104. [PMID: 20828408 PMCID: PMC2944337 DOI: 10.1186/1471-230x-10-104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2010] [Accepted: 09/09/2010] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) remain significant health problems in the US and worldwide. IBD is most often associated with eastern European ancestry, and is less frequently reported in other populations of African origin e.g. African Americans ('AAs'). Whether AAs represent an important population with IBD in the US remains unclear since few studies have investigated IBD in communities with a majority representation of AA patients. The Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center in Shreveport (LSUHSC-S) is a tertiary care medical center, with a patient base composed of 58% AA and 39% Caucasian (W), ideal for evaluating racial (AA vs. W) as well and gender (M vs. F) influences on IBD. Methods In this retrospective study, we evaluated 951 visits to LSUHSC-S for IBD (between 2000 to 2008) using non-identified patient information based on ICD-9 medical record coding (Crohn's disease 'CD'-555.0- 555.9 and ulcerative colitis 'UC'-556.0-556.9). Results Overall, there were more cases of CD seen than UC. UC and CD affected similar ratios of AA and Caucasian males (M) and females (F) with a rank order of WF > WM > AAF > AAM. Interestingly, in CD, we found that annual visits per person was the highest in AA M (10.7 ± 1.7); significantly higher (* -p < 0.05) than in WM (6.3 ± 1.0). Further, in CD, the female to male (F: M) ratio in AA was significantly higher (*- p < 0.05) (1.9 ± 0.2) than in Caucasians (F:M = 1.3 ± 0.1) suggesting a female dominance in AACD; no differences were seen in UC F: M ratios. Conclusion Although Caucasians still represent the greatest fraction of IBD (~64%), AAs with IBD made up >1/3 (36.4%) of annual IBD cases from 2000-2008 at LSUHSC-S. Further studies on genetic and environments risks for IBD risk in AAs are needed to understand differences in presentation and progression in AAs and other 'non-traditional' populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemanth Veluswamy
- Dept of Molecular & Cellular Physiology, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA, 71130-3932, USA
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