1
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Létard P, Wintjens R, Van-Gils J, Martinovic J, Laffargue F, Dufernez F, Egloff M. Intriguing link between fetal intracranial hemorrhage and X-linked recessive chondrodysplasia punctata. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2024. [PMID: 38180709 DOI: 10.1002/uog.27573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- P Létard
- CHU de Poitiers, Service de Génétique, Poitiers, France
| | - R Wintjens
- Unit of Microbiology, Bioorganic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Department of Research in Drug Development (RD3), Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - J Van-Gils
- Service de Génétique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - J Martinovic
- Unité de Foetopathologie, Hôpital Antoine-Béclère, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Clamart, France
| | - F Laffargue
- Service de Génétique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Clermont Ferrand, Clermont Ferrand, France
| | - F Dufernez
- CHU de Poitiers, Service de Génétique, Poitiers, France
| | - M Egloff
- CHU de Poitiers, Service de Génétique, Poitiers, France
- Université de Poitiers, INSERM 1084, LNEC, Poitiers, France
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2
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Bergougnoux A, Billet A, Ka C, Heller M, Degrugillier F, Vuillaume ML, Thoreau V, Sasorith S, Bareil C, Thèze C, Ferec C, Gac GL, Bienvenu T, Bieth E, Gaston V, Lalau G, Pagin A, Malinge MC, Dufernez F, Lemonnier L, Koenig M, Fergelot P, Claustres M, Taulan-Cadars M, Kitzis A, Reboul MP, Becq F, Fanen P, Mekki C, Audrezet MP, Girodon E, Raynal C. The multi-faceted nature of 15 CFTR exonic variations: Impact on their functional classification and perspectives for therapy. J Cyst Fibros 2022:S1569-1993(22)01423-0. [PMID: 36567205 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2022.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The majority of variants of unknown clinical significance (VUCS) in the CFTR gene are missense variants. While change on the CFTR protein structure or function is often suspected, impact on splicing may be neglected. Such undetected splicing default of variants may complicate the interpretation of genetic analyses and the use of an appropriate pharmacotherapy. METHODS We selected 15 variants suspected to impact CFTR splicing after in silico predictions on 319 missense variants (214 VUCS), reported in the CFTR-France database. Six specialized laboratories assessed the impact of nucleotide substitutions on splicing (minigenes), mRNA expression levels (quantitative PCR), synthesis and maturation (western blot), cellular localization (immunofluorescence) and channel function (patch clamp) of the CFTR protein. We also studied maturation and function of the truncated protein, consecutive to in-frame aberrant splicing, on additional plasmid constructs. RESULTS Six of the 15 variants had a major impact on CFTR splicing by in-frame (n = 3) or out-of-frame (n = 3) exon skipping. We reclassified variants into: splicing variants; variants causing a splicing defect and the impairment of CFTR folding and/or function related to the amino acid substitution; deleterious missense variants that impair CFTR folding and/or function; and variants with no consequence on the different processes tested. CONCLUSION The 15 variants have been reclassified by our comprehensive approach of in vitro experiments that should be used to properly interpret very rare exonic variants of the CFTR gene. Targeted therapies may thus be adapted to the molecular defects regarding the results of laboratory experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bergougnoux
- Génétique Moléculaire, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France; PhyMedExp, INSERM, CNRS UMR, Montpellier, France; Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - A Billet
- Laboratoire STIM, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - C Ka
- Service de génétique moléculaire, CHRU Brest, Brest, France; Université de Brest, Inserm, UMR 1078, GGB, Brest, France
| | - M Heller
- Service de Médecine Génomique des Maladies de Système et d'Organe, APHP Centre - Université de Paris, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - F Degrugillier
- Université Paris-Est Créteil, INSERM, IMRB, Créteil F-94010, France
| | - M-L Vuillaume
- Génétique Moléculaire, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - V Thoreau
- Laboratoire NEUVACOD-3808, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - S Sasorith
- Génétique Moléculaire, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France; PhyMedExp, INSERM, CNRS UMR, Montpellier, France
| | - C Bareil
- Génétique Moléculaire, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - C Thèze
- Génétique Moléculaire, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - C Ferec
- Université de Brest, Inserm, UMR 1078, GGB, Brest, France
| | - G Le Gac
- Service de génétique moléculaire, CHRU Brest, Brest, France; Université de Brest, Inserm, UMR 1078, GGB, Brest, France
| | - T Bienvenu
- Service de Médecine Génomique des Maladies de Système et d'Organe, APHP Centre - Université de Paris, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - E Bieth
- Génétique Médicale, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - V Gaston
- Génétique Médicale, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - G Lalau
- Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - A Pagin
- Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - M-C Malinge
- Biochimie et Génétique, CHU Angers, Angers, France
| | - F Dufernez
- Génétique, CHU Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - L Lemonnier
- Association Vaincre la Mucoviscidose, Paris, France
| | - M Koenig
- Génétique Moléculaire, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France; PhyMedExp, INSERM, CNRS UMR, Montpellier, France; Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - P Fergelot
- MRGM, INSERM UMR 1211 Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - M Claustres
- Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - M Taulan-Cadars
- PhyMedExp, INSERM, CNRS UMR, Montpellier, France; Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - A Kitzis
- Génétique, CHU Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - M-P Reboul
- Génétique Moléculaire, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - F Becq
- Laboratoire STIM, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - P Fanen
- AP-HP, Département de Biochimie-Biologie Moléculaire, Pharmacologie, Génétique Médicale, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Créteil F-94010, France
| | - C Mekki
- AP-HP, Département de Biochimie-Biologie Moléculaire, Pharmacologie, Génétique Médicale, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Créteil F-94010, France
| | - M-P Audrezet
- Service de génétique moléculaire, CHRU Brest, Brest, France; Université de Brest, Inserm, UMR 1078, GGB, Brest, France
| | - E Girodon
- Service de Médecine Génomique des Maladies de Système et d'Organe, APHP Centre - Université de Paris, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France; INSERM U1151, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - C Raynal
- Génétique Moléculaire, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France; PhyMedExp, INSERM, CNRS UMR, Montpellier, France.
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3
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Sasorith S, Bareil C, Lemonnier L, Dehillotte C, Farge A, Audrezet MP, Ferec C, Girodon E, Bienvenu T, Fanen P, Mekki C, Bieth E, Gaston V, Fergelot P, Reboul MP, Dufernez F, Pagin A, Lalau G, Malinge MC, Cabet F, Bergougnoux A, Claustres M, Raynal C. WS21.3 Overview of shared benefits from the 6-year long collaboration between the French Cystic Fibrosis Registry and the CFTR-France genetics database. J Cyst Fibros 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(20)30271-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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4
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Raynal C, Girodon E, Audrezet M, Cabet F, Pagin A, Reboul M, Dufernez F, Fergelot P, Bergougnoux A, Fanen P, Ferec C, Bienvenu T. CFTR
gene variants: a predisposition factor to aquagenic palmoplantar keratoderma. Br J Dermatol 2019; 181:1097-1099. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.18162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Raynal
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire IURC CHU Montpellier Montpellier France
| | - E. Girodon
- Laboratoire de Génétique et Biologie Moléculaires APHP.5, HUPC, Hôpital Cochin Paris France
| | | | - F. Cabet
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire Hospices civils de Lyon France
| | - A. Pagin
- Service de Toxicologie et Génopathies Institut de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire CHRU Lille Lille France
| | - M.P. Reboul
- Service de Génétique Médicale CHU de Bordeaux Bordeaux France
| | - F. Dufernez
- Laboratoire de Génétique Biologique CHU Poitiers Poitiers France
| | - P. Fergelot
- Service de Génétique Médicale CHU de Bordeaux Bordeaux France
| | - A. Bergougnoux
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire IURC CHU Montpellier Montpellier France
| | - P. Fanen
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire Hôpital Henri‐Mondor Créteil France
| | - C. Ferec
- Centre de Biogénétique Brest France
| | - T. Bienvenu
- Laboratoire de Génétique et Biologie Moléculaires APHP.5, HUPC, Hôpital Cochin Paris France
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5
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Viart V, Willems M, Ishmukhametova A, Dufernez F, Anahory T, Hamamah S, Schmitt S, Claustres M, Girardet A. Germline mosaicism is a pitfall in PGD for X-linked disorders. Single sperm typing detects very low frequency paternal gonadal mosaicism in a case of recurrent chondrodysplasia punctata misattributed to a maternal origin. Prenat Diagn 2017; 37:201-205. [PMID: 27943351 DOI: 10.1002/pd.4982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
This manuscript presents a molecularly demonstrated gonadal mosaicism from paternal origin for X-linked dominant chondrodysplasia punctata by single sperm typing. A couple who had experienced two medical terminations of pregnancy of female fetuses was referred to our pre-implantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) centre with the diagnosis of maternally derived gonadal mosaicism. Indeed, genetic analyses of different DNA samples - including semen - from the healthy parents failed to detect the variant found in the fetuses. Six embryos, all male, were obtained during the PGD cycle. The causative variant was not detected in any embryo, whereas five embryos had inherited the 'at-risk' maternal haplotype. The assumption of a maternal gonadal mosaicism was still possible, but this finding allowed us to consider the possibility of a paternal rather than maternal gonadal mosaicism. It prompted us to perform extensive single sperm analyses, demonstrating a low-frequency paternal germline mosaicism, which led to completely different haplotype phasing and PGD counselling. In conclusion, this case further exemplifies that germline mosaicism is a pitfall in PGD where diagnosis largely relies on linkage analysis and suggests that tracing the parental inheritance through polar body analysis and/or single sperm typing experiments is of major importance for adequate genetic counselling and accurate PGD. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Viart
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, CHRU de Montpellier, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Montpellier, France.,Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Marjolaine Willems
- Département de Génétique Clinique, CHRU de Montpellier, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Montpellier, France
| | - Aliya Ishmukhametova
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, CHRU de Montpellier, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Montpellier, France.,Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Fabienne Dufernez
- Laboratoire de Génétique (LCBGM), Hôpital St Antoine, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Tal Anahory
- Département de Gynécologie Obstétrique, CHRU de Montpellier, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Montpellier, France
| | - Samir Hamamah
- Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Département de Biologie de la Reproduction et du Développement, CHRU de Montpellier, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Montpellier, France
| | - Sébastien Schmitt
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, Service de Génétique Médicale, CHRU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Mireille Claustres
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, CHRU de Montpellier, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Montpellier, France.,Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Anne Girardet
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, CHRU de Montpellier, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Montpellier, France.,Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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Wintjens R, Bozon D, Belabbas K, MBou F, Girardet JP, Tounian P, Jolly M, Boccara F, Cohen A, Karsenty A, Dubern B, Carel JC, Azar-Kolakez A, Feillet F, Labarthe F, Gorsky AMC, Horovitz A, Tamarindi C, Kieffer P, Lienhardt A, Lascols O, Di Filippo M, Dufernez F. Global molecular analysis and APOE mutations in a cohort of autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia patients in France. J Lipid Res 2016; 57:482-91. [PMID: 26802169 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.p055699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia (ADH) is a human disorder characterized phenotypically by isolated high-cholesterol levels. Mutations in the low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), APOB, and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) genes are well known to be associated with the disease. To characterize the genetic background associated with ADH in France, the three ADH-associated genes were sequenced in a cohort of 120 children and 109 adult patients. Fifty-one percent of the cohort had a possible deleterious variant in LDLR, 3.1% in APOB, and 1.7% in PCSK9. We identified 18 new variants in LDLR and 2 in PCSK9. Three LDLR variants, including two newly identified, were studied by minigene reporter assay confirming the predicted effects on splicing. Additionally, as recently an in-frame deletion in the APOE gene was found to be linked to ADH, the sequencing of this latter gene was performed in patients without a deleterious variant in the three former genes. An APOE variant was identified in three patients with isolated severe hypercholesterolemia giving a frequency of 1.3% in the cohort. Therefore, even though LDLR mutations are the major cause of ADH with a large mutation spectrum, APOE variants were found to be significantly associated with the disease. Furthermore, using structural analysis and modeling, the identified APOE sequence changes were predicted to impact protein function.
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Affiliation(s)
- René Wintjens
- Faculty of Pharmacy (CP206/04), Université Libre de Bruxelles, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Khaldia Belabbas
- Laboratoire Commun de Biologie et Génétiques Moléculaires (LCBGM), AP-HP (Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris), Hôpital Saint-Antoine, F-75012, Paris, France
| | - Félicien MBou
- Service d'Endocrinologie, CHU du Lamentin, F-97232 Le Lamentin, Martinique, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Girardet
- Service de Gastroentérologie et Nutrition Pédiatrique, AP-HP, Hôpital Trousseau, F-75012, Paris, France
| | - Patrick Tounian
- Service de Gastroentérologie et Nutrition Pédiatrique, AP-HP, Hôpital Trousseau, F-75012, Paris, France
| | - Mathilde Jolly
- Service d'Endocrinologie, Diabétologie et Nutrition, CH Angers, F-49933, Angers, France
| | - Franck Boccara
- Service d'Endocrinologie, Diabétologie et Nutrition, CH Angers, F-49933, Angers, France
| | - Ariel Cohen
- Service d'Endocrinologie, Diabétologie et Nutrition, CH Angers, F-49933, Angers, France
| | - Alexandra Karsenty
- Service de Gastroentérologie et Nutrition Pédiatrique, AP-HP, Hôpital Trousseau, F-75012, Paris, France
| | - Béatrice Dubern
- Service de Gastroentérologie et Nutrition Pédiatrique, AP-HP, Hôpital Trousseau, F-75012, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Claude Carel
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75019, Paris, France Service d'Endocrinologie Diabétologie Pédiatrique et Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance, AP-HP, Hôpital Robert Debré, F-75019, Paris, France
| | - Ahlam Azar-Kolakez
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75019, Paris, France Service d'Endocrinologie Diabétologie Pédiatrique et Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance, AP-HP, Hôpital Robert Debré, F-75019, Paris, France
| | - François Feillet
- Service de Médecine Infantile et de génétique clinique, CHU Nancy-Brabois, F-54511 Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France INSERM NGERE UMR 954, F-54500, Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France
| | - François Labarthe
- Service de médecine pédiatrique, Hopital Clocheville, CHU Tours, F-37044, Tours, France
| | | | - Alice Horovitz
- Service de Cardiologie, CHU Bordeaux-Haut Lévêque, F-33604, Pessac, France
| | | | - Pierre Kieffer
- Service de Médecine Interne, CH Mulhouse, Hôpital E. Muller, F-68070 Mulhouse, France
| | - Anne Lienhardt
- Service de Pédiatrie Médicale, CH Limoges, Hôpital mère/enfants, F-87042 Limoges, France
| | - Olivier Lascols
- Laboratoire Commun de Biologie et Génétiques Moléculaires (LCBGM), AP-HP (Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris), Hôpital Saint-Antoine, F-75012, Paris, France
| | - Mathilde Di Filippo
- Centre de Biologie et de Pathologie Est, CHU Lyon, France Service de Pédiatrie Médicale, CH Limoges, Hôpital mère/enfants, F-87042 Limoges, France
| | - Fabienne Dufernez
- Laboratoire Commun de Biologie et Génétiques Moléculaires (LCBGM), AP-HP (Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris), Hôpital Saint-Antoine, F-75012, Paris, France
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7
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Leclerc-Mercier S, Dufernez F, Fraitag S, Coulombe J, Dompmartin A, Barreau M, Bozon D, Lamazière A, Bonnefont JP, Khalifa E, Bodemer C, Hadj-Rabia S. Keratotic follicular plugs with calcifications in Conradi-Hünermann-Happle syndrome: histological, biochemical and genetic testing correlation. Br J Dermatol 2015; 173:1316-8. [PMID: 26075358 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.13948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Leclerc-Mercier
- Department of Dermatology, Centre National de Référence des Maladies Génétiques à Expression Cutanée (MAGEC), Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, APHP, Université Paris Descartes - Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Imagine, Paris, France.,Department of Pathology, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, APHP, Paris, France
| | - F Dufernez
- Department of Genetics, Laboratoire Commun de Biologie et Génétique Moléculaires (LCBGM) and Department of Mass Spectrometry, ERL INSERM U1057, UMR 7203, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, APHP, Paris, France
| | - S Fraitag
- Department of Pathology, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, APHP, Paris, France
| | - J Coulombe
- Department of Dermatology, Centre National de Référence des Maladies Génétiques à Expression Cutanée (MAGEC), Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, APHP, Université Paris Descartes - Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Imagine, Paris, France
| | - A Dompmartin
- Department of Dermatology, CHU Caen, Caen, France
| | - M Barreau
- Department of Dermatology, CHU Caen, Caen, France
| | - D Bozon
- Centre de Biologie et de Pathologie Est, CHU Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - A Lamazière
- Department of Metabolomics and Peptidomics (PM2), Hôpital Saint-Antoine, APHP, Paris, France.,Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, UPMC, Paris VI, ERL Inserm U1157, UMR 7203 LBM, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, APHP, Paris, France
| | - J-P Bonnefont
- Department of Genetics, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, APHP, Paris, France
| | - E Khalifa
- Department of Genetics, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, APHP, Paris, France
| | - C Bodemer
- Department of Dermatology, Centre National de Référence des Maladies Génétiques à Expression Cutanée (MAGEC), Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, APHP, Université Paris Descartes - Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Imagine, Paris, France.,Unité INSERM U1163, Université Paris Descartes - Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Imagine, Paris, France
| | - S Hadj-Rabia
- Department of Dermatology, Centre National de Référence des Maladies Génétiques à Expression Cutanée (MAGEC), Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, APHP, Université Paris Descartes - Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Imagine, Paris, France.,Unité INSERM U1163, Université Paris Descartes - Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Imagine, Paris, France
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8
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Lefebvre M, Dufernez F, Bruel AL, Gonzales M, Aral B, Saint-Onge J, Gigot N, Desir J, Daelemans C, Jossic F, Schmitt S, Mangione R, Pelluard F, Vincent-Delorme C, Labaune JM, Bigi N, D'Olne D, Delezoide AL, Toutain A, Blesson S, Cormier-Daire V, Thevenon J, El Chehadeh S, Masurel-Paulet A, Joyé N, Vibert-Guigue C, Rigonnot L, Rousseau T, Vabres P, Hervé P, Lamazière A, Rivière JB, Faivre L, Laurent N, Thauvin-Robinet C. Severe X-linked chondrodysplasia punctata in nine new female fetuses. Prenat Diagn 2015; 35:675-84. [PMID: 25754886 DOI: 10.1002/pd.4591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Revised: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Conradi-Hünermann-Happle [X-linked dominant chondrodysplasia punctata 2 (CDPX2)] syndrome is a rare X-linked dominant skeletal dysplasia usually lethal in men while affected women show wide clinical heterogeneity. Different EBP mutations have been reported. Severe female cases have rarely been reported, with only six antenatal presentations. METHODS To better characterize the phenotype in female fetuses, we included nine antenatally diagnosed cases of women with EBP mutations. All cases were de novo except for two fetuses with an affected mother and one case of germinal mosaicism. RESULTS The mean age at diagnosis was 22 weeks of gestation. The ultrasound features mainly included bone abnormalities: shortening (8/9 cases) and bowing of the long bones (5/9), punctuate epiphysis (7/9) and an irregular aspect of the spine (5/9). Postnatal X-rays and examination showed ichthyosis (8/9) and epiphyseal stippling (9/9), with frequent asymmetric short and bowed long bones. The X-inactivation pattern of the familial case revealed skewed X-inactivation in the mildly symptomatic mother and random X-inactivation in the severe fetal case. Differently affected skin samples of the same fetus revealed different patterns of X-inactivation. CONCLUSION Prenatal detection of asymmetric shortening and bowing of the long bones and cartilage stippling should raise the possibility of CPDX2 in female fetuses, especially because the majority of such cases involve de novo mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Lefebvre
- Centre de Génétique et Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs de l'Est, FHU-TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon, France.,GAD: EA4271 « Génétique des Anomalies du Développement » (GAD), FHU-TRANSLAD, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France.,Service d'Anatomo-Pathologie, Faculté de Médecine de Dijon, Dijon, France
| | - Fabienne Dufernez
- APHP, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Biochimie B, Laboratoire de Référence pour le Diagnostic Génétique des Maladies Rares, Paris, France
| | - Ange-Line Bruel
- GAD: EA4271 « Génétique des Anomalies du Développement » (GAD), FHU-TRANSLAD, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Marie Gonzales
- Service de Génétique et d'Embryologie Médicales, Université Paris VI, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France
| | - Bernard Aral
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, CHU Dijon, France
| | | | - Nadège Gigot
- Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, CHU Dijon, France
| | - Julie Desir
- Center for Medical Genetics, Hospital Erasme, ULB, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Caroline Daelemans
- Institut de Recherches Interdisciplinaires en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussel, Belgium
| | | | | | | | - Fanny Pelluard
- Service de pathologie, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | | | | | - Nicole Bigi
- Génétique médicale, CHRU Arnaud de Villeneuve, Montpellier, France
| | | | | | - Annick Toutain
- Service de Génétique, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Tours, Tours, France
| | - Sophie Blesson
- Service de Génétique, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Tours, Tours, France
| | | | - Julien Thevenon
- GAD: EA4271 « Génétique des Anomalies du Développement » (GAD), FHU-TRANSLAD, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Salima El Chehadeh
- Centre de Génétique et Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs de l'Est, FHU-TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon, France.,GAD: EA4271 « Génétique des Anomalies du Développement » (GAD), FHU-TRANSLAD, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Alice Masurel-Paulet
- Centre de Génétique et Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs de l'Est, FHU-TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon, France
| | - Nicole Joyé
- Service de Génétique et d'Embryologie Médicales, Université Paris VI, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris, France
| | - Claude Vibert-Guigue
- Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Luc Rigonnot
- Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, Centre Hospitalier Sud Francilien (CHSF), Corbeil-Essonnes, France
| | | | - Pierre Vabres
- GAD: EA4271 « Génétique des Anomalies du Développement » (GAD), FHU-TRANSLAD, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France.,Service de dermatologie, Hôpital Le Bocage, Dijon, France
| | - Philippe Hervé
- Service de Gynécologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Tours, Tours, France
| | - Antonin Lamazière
- Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry-APLIPID, Faculté de Médecine Pierre et Marie Curie, ER7-UPMC, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Rivière
- GAD: EA4271 « Génétique des Anomalies du Développement » (GAD), FHU-TRANSLAD, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France.,Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire, CHU Dijon, France
| | - Laurence Faivre
- Centre de Génétique et Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs de l'Est, FHU-TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon, France.,GAD: EA4271 « Génétique des Anomalies du Développement » (GAD), FHU-TRANSLAD, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Nicole Laurent
- Service d'Anatomo-Pathologie, Faculté de Médecine de Dijon, Dijon, France
| | - Christel Thauvin-Robinet
- Centre de Génétique et Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs de l'Est, FHU-TRANSLAD, CHU Dijon, France.,GAD: EA4271 « Génétique des Anomalies du Développement » (GAD), FHU-TRANSLAD, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
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9
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Dufernez F, Lachaux A, Chappuis P, De Lumley L, Bost M, Woimant F, Misrahi M, Debray D. Wilson disease in offspring of affected patients: report of four French families. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2013; 37:240-5. [PMID: 23567103 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2013.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2012] [Revised: 12/22/2012] [Accepted: 01/09/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wilson disease (WD) is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder caused by mutations in the ATP7B gene resulting in toxic accumulation of copper mainly in the liver and brain. Early treatment may prevent irreversible tissue damage. AIM We report on four families with an occurrence of WD in two consecutive generations in order to highlight the need for screening offspring of affected parents. RESULTS In all families, one parent was known to be affected with WD. Screening for the disease was not performed in children from two families until occurrence of liver disease in one and of neurological symptoms in the other. In two other families, screening of children as soon as diagnosis was performed in the affected parent allowed a timely rescue of advanced liver disease in one while two affected children were asymptomatic. In three children, diagnosis required direct sequencing of the ATP7B gene. Two novel disease-causing mutations are reported. CONCLUSION Patients with WD should be offered genetic counselling when considering pregnancy and offspring should always be screened for the disease. Diagnostic difficulties based on copper disturbances in asymptomatic children that are obligate carriers of the Wilson gene and the usefulness of molecular diagnosis are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabienne Dufernez
- Laboratoire de génétique moléculaire, pharmacogénétique, hormonologie, université Paris Sud, hôpital Bicêtre, AP-HP, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
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10
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Benlian P, Donadille B, Bouché C, Vincent Dejean C, Valero R, Dufernez F, Sapin V, Paye F, Bouchard P. P222 COMPOSITE DEFICIENCY OF THE LIPOLYTIC COMPLEX IN PREGNANCY-INDUCED MAJOR HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(10)70289-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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11
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Cariou B, Ouguerram K, Zaïr Y, Guerois R, Langhi C, Kourimate S, Benoit I, Le May C, Gayet C, Belabbas K, Dufernez F, Chétiveaux M, Tarugi P, Krempf M, Benlian P, Costet P. PCSK9 dominant negative mutant results in increased LDL catabolic rate and familial hypobetalipoproteinemia. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2009; 29:2191-7. [PMID: 19762784 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.109.194191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is a central player in the regulation of cholesterol homeostasis, increasing the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor degradation. Our study aimed at exploring the pathogenic consequences in vivo and in vitro of a PCSK9 prodomain mutation found in a family with hypobetalipoproteinemia (FHBL). METHODS AND RESULTS A white 49-year-old diabetic man had profound FBHL (LDLC: 16 mg/dL) whereas his daughter and sister displayed a milder phenotype (LDLC 44 mg/dL and 57 mg/dL, respectively), all otherwise healthy with a normal liver function. A monoallelic PCSK9 double-mutant R104C/V114A cosegregated with FBHL, with no mutation found at other FHBL-causing loci. A dose-effect was also found in FBHL relatives for plasma APOB and PCSK9 (very-low to undetectable in proband, approximately 50% decreased in sister and daughter) and LDL catabolic rate (256% and 88% increased in proband and daughter). Transient transfection in hepatocytes showed severely impaired processing and secretion of the double mutant which acted as a dominant negative over secretion of wild-type PCSK9. CONCLUSIONS These results show that heterozygous PCSK9 missense mutations may associate with profound hypobetalipoproteinemia and constitute the first direct evidence in human that decrease of plasma LDLC concentrations associated to PCSK9 LOF mutations are attributable to an increased clearance rate of LDL.
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12
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Dufernez F, Derelle E, Noël C, Sanciu G, Mantini C, Dive D, Soyer-Gobillard MO, Capron M, Pierce RJ, Wintjens R, Guillebault D, Viscogliosi E. Molecular characterization of iron-containing superoxide dismutases in the heterotrophic dinoflagellate Crypthecodinium cohnii. Protist 2008; 159:223-38. [PMID: 18276189 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2007.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2007] [Accepted: 11/30/2007] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Superoxide dismutases (SODs) are a family of antioxidant enzymes that catalyse the degradation of toxic superoxide radicals in obligate and facultative aerobic organisms. Here, we report the presence of a multi-copy gene family encoding SODs in the heterotrophic dinoflagellate Crypthecodinium cohnii. All the genes identified (sod1 to sod17) have been cloned and sequenced, and shown to encode potentially functional dimeric iron-containing SOD isozymes. Our data revealed a considerable molecular heterogeneity of this enzyme in C. cohnii at both genomic and transcriptional levels. The C. cohnii SOD1, overexpressed in Escherichia coli, was active and its structure obtained by homology modeling using X-ray crystal structures of homologues exhibited the typical fold of dimeric FeSODs. Phylogenetic studies including 110 other dimeric FeSODs and closely related cambialistic dimeric SOD sequences showed that the C. cohnii SODs form a monophyletic group and have all been acquired by the same event of horizontal gene transfer. It also revealed a dichotomy within the C. cohnii SOD sequences that could be explained by an ancestral sod gene duplication followed by subsequent gene duplications within each of the two groups. Enzyme assays of SOD activity indicated the presence of two FeSOD activities in C. cohnii cell lysate whereas MnSOD and Cu/ZnSOD were not detected. These activities contrasted with the SOD repertoire previously characterized in photosynthetic dinoflagellates. To explain these differences, a hypothetical evolutionary scenario is proposed that suggests gains and losses of sod genes in dinoflagellates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabienne Dufernez
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université Lille 2, 59019 Lille cedex, France
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13
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Dufernez F, Walker RL, Noël C, Caby S, Mantini C, Delgado-Viscogliosi P, Ohkuma M, Kudo T, Capron M, Pierce RJ, Villanueva MR, Viscogliosi E. Morphological and molecular identification of non-Tritrichomonas foetus trichomonad protozoa from the bovine preputial cavity. J Eukaryot Microbiol 2007; 54:161-8. [PMID: 17403157 DOI: 10.1111/j.1550-7408.2007.00247.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Tritrichomonas foetus is the causative agent of bovine trichomonosis. This protozoan is found in the preputial cavity of bulls and is transmitted to cows during coitus. Currently, the diagnosis of this parasite is based on microscopic examination of preputial washings or scrapings, but it was recently recognized that other trichomonads similar in size, shape, and motility to T. foetus can be present in preputial samples. Despite the serious consequences of an incorrect diagnosis for bovine trichomonosis, the precise speciation of these other trichomonads has remained uncertain. Here, a total of 12 non-T. foetus isolates were microscopically examined. On the basis of morphological criteria, seven of these isolates were identified as Tetratrichomonas sp., whereas four other isolates coincided with the description of Pentatrichomonas hominis. In the last isolate, a third non-T. foetus species was identified as belonging to the genera Pseudotrichomonas or Monocercomonas: the first time that species of either of these genera have been reported in preputial samples. To confirm these data, small subunit rRNA gene sequences were obtained by PCR from the 12 trichomonad isolates. These new sequences were analysed in a broad phylogeny including 72 other parabasalid sequences. From our phylogenetic trees, we confirmed the taxonomic status of non-T. foetus organisms isolated from preputial samples (Tetratrichomonas, Pentatrichomonas, and Pseudotrichomonas) and suggested the existence of two Tetratrichomonas species, despite their morphological similarity. The route of transmission of the non-T. foetus organisms identified in the bovine preputial cavity is discussed and we confirm that the PCR assay using the previously described T. foetus-specific primers TFR3 and TFR4 could be a useful alternative method for the diagnosis of bovine trichomonosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabienne Dufernez
- Inserm, U547, Institut Pasteur de Lille, 1 Rue du Professeur Calmette, BP 245, 59019 Lille Cedex, France
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14
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Duboucher C, Caby S, Dufernez F, Chabé M, Gantois N, Delgado-Viscogliosi P, Billy C, Barré E, Torabi E, Capron M, Pierce RJ, Dei-Cas E, Viscogliosi E. Molecular identification of Tritrichomonas foetus-like organisms as coinfecting agents of human Pneumocystis pneumonia. J Clin Microbiol 2006; 44:1165-8. [PMID: 16517921 PMCID: PMC1393145 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.44.3.1165-1168.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Trichomonads closely related to the bovid parasite Tritrichomonas foetus were identified in the bronchoalveolar lavage sample from a patient with AIDS in association with Pneumocystis pneumonia. This human case of T. foetus-like infection emphasizes the zoonotic potential of trichomonads, although the existence of a human-host-adapted T. foetus strain cannot be excluded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Duboucher
- Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Poissy/Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Laboratoire d'Anatomie Pathologique, France.
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15
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Dufernez F, Yernaux C, Gerbod D, Noël C, Chauvenet M, Wintjens R, Edgcomb VP, Capron M, Opperdoes FR, Viscogliosi E. The presence of four iron-containing superoxide dismutase isozymes in trypanosomatidae: characterization, subcellular localization, and phylogenetic origin in Trypanosoma brucei. Free Radic Biol Med 2006; 40:210-25. [PMID: 16413404 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2005.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2005] [Revised: 06/27/2005] [Accepted: 06/27/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Metalloenzymes such as the superoxide dismutases (SODs) form part of a defense mechanism that helps protect obligate and facultative aerobic organisms from oxygen toxicity and damage. Here, we report the presence in the trypanosomatid genomes of four SOD genes: soda, sodb1, sodb2, and a newly identified sodc. All four genes of Trypanosoma brucei have been cloned (Tbsods), sequenced, and overexpressed in Escherichia coli and shown to encode active dimeric FeSOD isozymes. Homology modeling of the structures of all four enzymes using available X-ray crystal structures of homologs showed that the four TbSOD structures were nearly identical. Subcellular localization using GFP-fusion proteins in procyclic insect trypomastigotes shows that TbSODB1 is mainly cytosolic, with a minor glycosomal component, TbSODB2 is mainly glycosomal with some activity in the cytosol, and TbSODA and TbSODC are both mitochondrial isozymes. Phylogenetic studies of all available trypanosomatid SODs and 106 dimeric FeSODs and closely related cambialistic dimeric SOD sequences suggest that the trypanosomatid SODs have all been acquired by more than one event of horizontal gene transfer, followed by events of gene duplication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabienne Dufernez
- Institut Pasteur, Inserm U547, 1 Rue du Professeur Calmette, B. P. 245, F-59019 Lille cedex, France
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16
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Noël C, Dufernez F, Gerbod D, Edgcomb VP, Delgado-Viscogliosi P, Ho LC, Singh M, Wintjens R, Sogin ML, Capron M, Pierce R, Zenner L, Viscogliosi E. Molecular phylogenies of Blastocystis isolates from different hosts: implications for genetic diversity, identification of species, and zoonosis. J Clin Microbiol 2005; 43:348-55. [PMID: 15634993 PMCID: PMC540115 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.43.1.348-355.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2004] [Revised: 06/16/2004] [Accepted: 08/29/2004] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Small-subunit (SSU) rRNA gene sequences were obtained by PCR from 12 Blastocystis isolates from humans, rats, and reptiles for which elongation factor 1alpha (EF-1alpha) gene sequences are already available. These new sequences were analyzed by the Bayesian method in a broad phylogeny including, for the first time, all Blastocystis sequences available in the databases. Phylogenetic trees identified seven well-resolved groups plus several discrete lineages that could represent newly defined clades. Comparative analysis of SSU rRNA- and EF-1alpha-based trees obtained by maximum-likelihood methods from a restricted sampling (13 isolates) revealed overall agreement between the two phylogenies. In spite of their morphological similarity, sequence divergence among Blastocystis isolates reflected considerable genetic diversity that could be correlated with the existence of potentially >/=12 different species within the genus. Based on this analysis and previous PCR-based genotype classification data, six of these major groups might consist of Blastocystis isolates from both humans and other animal hosts, confirming the low host specificity of Blastocystis. Our results also strongly suggest the existence of numerous zoonotic isolates with frequent animal-to-human and human-to-animal transmissions and of a large potential reservoir in animals for infections in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Noël
- Unité Inserm U547, Institut Pasteur, 1 Rue du Professeur Calmette, BP 245, 59019 Lille Cedex, France
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17
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Noël C, Dufernez F, Gerbod D, Edgcomb VP, Delgado-Viscogliosi P, Ho LC, Singh M, Wintjens R, Sogin ML, Capron M, Pierce R, Zenner L, Viscogliosi E. Molecular phylogenies of Blastocystis isolates from different hosts: implications for genetic diversity, identification of species, and zoonosis. J Clin Microbiol 2005; 43:348-355. [PMID: 15634993 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.43.1.348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Small-subunit (SSU) rRNA gene sequences were obtained by PCR from 12 Blastocystis isolates from humans, rats, and reptiles for which elongation factor 1alpha (EF-1alpha) gene sequences are already available. These new sequences were analyzed by the Bayesian method in a broad phylogeny including, for the first time, all Blastocystis sequences available in the databases. Phylogenetic trees identified seven well-resolved groups plus several discrete lineages that could represent newly defined clades. Comparative analysis of SSU rRNA- and EF-1alpha-based trees obtained by maximum-likelihood methods from a restricted sampling (13 isolates) revealed overall agreement between the two phylogenies. In spite of their morphological similarity, sequence divergence among Blastocystis isolates reflected considerable genetic diversity that could be correlated with the existence of potentially >/=12 different species within the genus. Based on this analysis and previous PCR-based genotype classification data, six of these major groups might consist of Blastocystis isolates from both humans and other animal hosts, confirming the low host specificity of Blastocystis. Our results also strongly suggest the existence of numerous zoonotic isolates with frequent animal-to-human and human-to-animal transmissions and of a large potential reservoir in animals for infections in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Noël
- Unité Inserm U547, Institut Pasteur, 1 Rue du Professeur Calmette, BP 245, 59019 Lille Cedex, France
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18
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Wintjens R, Noël C, May ACW, Gerbod D, Dufernez F, Capron M, Viscogliosi E, Rooman M. Specificity and Phenetic Relationships of Iron- and Manganese-containing Superoxide Dismutases on the Basis of Structure and Sequence Comparisons. J Biol Chem 2004; 279:9248-54. [PMID: 14672935 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m312329200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The iron- and manganese-containing superoxide dismutases (Fe/Mn-SOD) share the same chemical function and spatial structure but can be distinguished according to their modes of oligomerization and their metal ion specificity. They appear as homodimers or homotetramers and usually require a specific metal for activity. On the basis of 261 aligned SOD sequences and 12 superimposed x-ray structures, two phenetic trees were constructed, one sequence-based and the other structure-based. Their comparison reveals the imperfect correlation of sequence and structural changes; hyperthermophilicity requires the largest sequence alterations, whereas dimer/tetramer and manganese/iron specificities are induced by the most sizable structural differences within the monomers. A systematic investigation of sequence and structure characteristics conserved in all aligned SOD sequences or in subsets sharing common oligomeric and/or metal specificities was performed. Several residues were identified as guaranteeing the common function and dimeric conformation, others as determining the tetramer formation, and yet others as potentially responsible for metal specificity. Some form cation-pi interactions between an aromatic ring and a fully or partially positively charged group, suggesting that these interactions play a significant role in the structure and function of SOD enzymes. Dimer/tetramer- and iron/manganese-specific fingerprints were derived from the set of conserved residues; they can be used to propose selected residue substitutions in view of the experimental validation of our in silico derived hypotheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- René Wintjens
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Institut de Pharmacie, Chimie Générale, CP 206/04, Campus de la Plaine, Boulevard du Triomphe, B-1050 Bruxelles, Belgium
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Gerbod D, Noël C, Dolan MF, Edgcomb VP, Kitade O, Noda S, Dufernez F, Ohkuma M, Kudo T, Capron M, Sogin ML, Viscogliosi E. Molecular phylogeny of parabasalids inferred from small subunit rRNA sequences, with emphasis on the Devescovinidae and Calonymphidae (Trichomonadea). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2002; 25:545-56. [PMID: 12450758 DOI: 10.1016/s1055-7903(02)00300-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Small subunit rRNA sequences were obtained by polymerase chain reaction from trichomonad symbionts of termites that belong to the polymastigont Calonymphidae, including Snyderella tabogae, Calonympha grassii, and Metacoronympha senta. The yet-unidentified sequence Nk9 previously obtained from the termite Neotermes koshunensis, has also been shown to derive from the Devescovinidae Devescovina sp. by in situ hybridization. These new sequences were analyzed by distance, parsimony, and likelihood methods in a broad phylogeny including all identified parabasalid sequences available in databases. All analyses revealed the emergence of a very well supported Devescovinidae/Calonymphidae group but showed an unexpected dichotomy of the Calonymphidae represented by the "Coronympha" and "Calonympha" groups. It strongly suggests that the polymastigont state observed in the Calonymphidae might be explained by at least two independent evolutionary events. In a second phylogenetic analysis, some yet-unidentified parabasalid sequences likely deriving from the Devescovinidae/Calonymphidae taxa, were added to our data set. This analysis confirmed the polyphyly of the Calonymphidae. A tentative identification is proposed for each of these sequences, and hypotheses on the origin of the Devescovinidae and Calonymphidae are discussed. Tritrichomonas foetus or a close relative might be the best candidate for the ancestor of the Devescovinidae, fairly consistent with morphology-based hypotheses. Regarding the Calonymphidae, the origin of the "Coronympha" group might be found within the Devescovinidae, related to Foaina, whereas the "Calonympha" group may directly descend from Tritrichomonas or related species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Gerbod
- Laboratory of Microbiology, RIKEN (The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research), Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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