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Oh KK, Choi I, Gupta H, Raja G, Sharma SP, Won SM, Jeong JJ, Lee SB, Cha MG, Kwon GH, Jeong MK, Min BH, Hyun JY, Eom JA, Park HJ, Yoon SJ, Choi MR, Kim DJ, Suk KT. New insight into gut microbiota-derived metabolites to enhance liver regeneration via network pharmacology study. Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol 2023; 51:1-12. [PMID: 36562095 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2022.2155661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We intended to identify favourable metabolite(s) and pharmacological mechanism(s) of gut microbiota (GM) for liver regeneration (LR) through network pharmacology. We utilized the gutMGene database to obtain metabolites of GM, and targets associated with metabolites as well as LR-related targets were identified using public databases. Furthermore, we performed a molecular docking assay on the active metabolite(s) and target(s) to verify the network pharmacological concept. We mined a total of 208 metabolites in the gutMGene database and selected 668 targets from the SEA (1,256 targets) and STP (947 targets) databases. Finally, 13 targets were identified between 61 targets and the gutMGene database (243 targets). Protein-protein interaction network analysis showed that AKT1 is a hub target correlated with 12 additional targets. In this study, we describe the potential microbe from the microbiota (E. coli), chemokine signalling pathway, AKT1 and myricetin that accelerate LR, providing scientific evidence for further clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki-Kwang Oh
- Hallym University College of Medicine, Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Ickwon Choi
- Hallym University College of Medicine, Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Haripriya Gupta
- Hallym University College of Medicine, Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Ganesan Raja
- Hallym University College of Medicine, Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Satya Priya Sharma
- Hallym University College of Medicine, Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Sung-Min Won
- Hallym University College of Medicine, Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Jin-Ju Jeong
- Hallym University College of Medicine, Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Su-Been Lee
- Hallym University College of Medicine, Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Min-Gi Cha
- Hallym University College of Medicine, Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Goo-Hyun Kwon
- Hallym University College of Medicine, Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Min-Kyo Jeong
- Hallym University College of Medicine, Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Byeong-Hyun Min
- Hallym University College of Medicine, Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Ji-Ye Hyun
- Hallym University College of Medicine, Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Jung-A Eom
- Hallym University College of Medicine, Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Hee-Jin Park
- Hallym University College of Medicine, Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Sang-Jun Yoon
- Hallym University College of Medicine, Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Mi-Ran Choi
- Hallym University College of Medicine, Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Dong Joon Kim
- Hallym University College of Medicine, Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Ki-Tae Suk
- Hallym University College of Medicine, Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Chuncheon, Korea
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Mukherjee AG, Wanjari UR, Bradu P, Patil M, Biswas A, Murali R, Renu K, Dey A, Vellingiri B, Raja G, Iyer M, Valsala Gopalakrishnan A. Elimination of microplastics from the aquatic milieu: A dream to achieve. Chemosphere 2022; 303:135232. [PMID: 35671819 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) have become a significant source of concern as they have emerged as a widespread pollutant that harms the aquatic environment. It has become an enormous challenge, having the capacity to biomagnify and eventually affect human health, biodiversity, aquatic animals, and the environment. This review provides in-depth knowledge of how MPs interact with different toxic organic chemicals, antibiotics, and heavy metals in the aquatic environment and its consequences. Membrane technologies like ultrafiltration (UF), nanofiltration (NF), microfiltration (MF), and dynamic membranes can be highly effective techniques for the removal of MPs. Also, hybrid membrane techniques like advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), membrane fouling, electrochemical processes, and adsorption processes can be incorporated for superior efficiency. The review also focuses on the reactor design and performance of several membrane-based filters and bioreactors to develop practical, feasible, and sustainable membrane technologies. The main aim of this work is to throw light on the alarming scenario of microplastic pollution in the aquatic milieu and strategies that can be adopted to tackle it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Goutam Mukherjee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Uddesh Ramesh Wanjari
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Pragya Bradu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Megha Patil
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Antara Biswas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Reshma Murali
- Department of Biosciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Kaviyarasi Renu
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700073, India
| | - Balachandar Vellingiri
- Human Molecular Cytogenetics and Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ganesan Raja
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Mahalaxmi Iyer
- Livestock Farming & Bioresources Technology, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
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Raja G, Nallathambi A, Prakasam A, Gopinath S, Ragupathi C, Narayanan S, Tamizhdurai P, Kumaran R, Alsaiari NS, Abualnaja KM, Ouladsmane M. Effect of lattice strain on structure, morphology, electrical conductivity and magneto-optical and catalytic properties of Ni-doped Mn3O4 nano-crystallites synthesized by microwave route. Journal of Saudi Chemical Society 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2022.101440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Kathiravan S, Jyothi S, Ayyannan G, Ravichandran J, Raja G. Inhibitory action of aqueous Ruellia Tuberosa L leaves extract on the corrosion of copper in HCl solution. J INDIAN CHEM SOC 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2021.100207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Raja G, Selvaraj V, Suk M, Suk KT, Kim TJ. Metabolic phenotyping analysis of graphene oxide nanosheets exposures in breast cancer cells: Metabolomics profiling techniques. Process Biochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2021.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Gebru YA, Choi MR, Raja G, Gupta H, Sharma SP, Choi YR, Kim HS, Yoon SJ, Kim DJ, Suk KT. Pathophysiological Roles of Mucosal-Associated Invariant T Cells in the Context of Gut Microbiota-Liver Axis. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9020296. [PMID: 33535703 PMCID: PMC7912788 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9020296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are a subset of T lymphocytes expressing a semi-invariant T-cell receptor (TCR) present as TCR Vα7.2-Jα33 in humans and TCR Vα19-Jα33 in mice. They are activated by ligands produced during microbial biosynthesis of riboflavin that is presented by major histocompatibility complex class I-related (MR1) molecules on antigen-presenting cells. MAIT cells also possess interleukin (IL)-12 and IL-18 receptors and can be activated by the respective cytokines released from microbially stimulated antigen-presenting cells. Therefore, MAIT cells can be involved in bacterial and viral defenses and are a significant part of the human immune system. They are particularly abundant in the liver, an organ serving as the second firewall of gut microbes next to the intestinal barrier. Therefore, the immune functions of MAIT cells are greatly impacted by changes in the gut-microbiota and play important roles in the gut-liver pathogenesis axis. In this review, we discuss the nature and mechanisms of MAIT cell activation and their dynamics during different types of liver pathogenesis conditions. We also share our perspectives on important aspects that should be explored further to reveal the exact roles that MAIT cells play in liver pathogenesis in the context of the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ki Tae Suk
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-10-5365-5700; Fax: +82-033-248-5826
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Choi YR, Kim HS, Yoon SJ, Lee NY, Gupta H, Raja G, Gebru YA, Youn GS, Kim DJ, Ham YL, Suk KT. Nutritional Status and Diet Style Affect Cognitive Function in Alcoholic Liver Disease. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13010185. [PMID: 33435328 PMCID: PMC7826807 DOI: 10.3390/nu13010185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Malnutrition and cognitive dysfunction are typical features of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and are correlated with the development of complications. The aim of this study is to explore the effect of nutritional state and diet on cognitive function in ALD. A total of 43 patients with compensated alcoholic cirrhosis were enrolled, and a neuropsychological test was assessed according to body mass index (BMI, <22 and ≥22). In the ALD animal study, mice were divided into five groups (n = 9/group; normal liquid, 5% EtOH + regular liquid, 5% EtOH + high-carbohydrate liquid, 5% EtOH + high-fat liquid, and 5% EtOH + high-protein liquid diet) and fed the same calories for eight weeks. To assess cognitive function, we performed T-maze studies weekly before/after alcohol binging. In cognitive function (BMI < 22/≥22), language score of Korea mini-mental state (7.4 ± 1.4/7.9 ± 0.4), Boston naming (11.7 ± 2.7/13.0 ± 1.8), forward digit span (6.7 ± 1.8/7.5 ± 1.6), Korean color word stroop (24.2 ± 26.5/43.6 ± 32.4), and interference score (33.9 ± 31.9/52.3 ± 33.9) revealed significant differences. In the T-maze test, alcohol significantly delayed the time to reach food, and binge drinking provided a temporary recovery in cognition. The alcohol-induced delay was significantly reduced in the high-carbohydrate and high-fat diet groups. Synaptic function exhibited no changes in all groups. Cognitive dysfunction is affected by nutritional status and diet in ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Rin Choi
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Korea; (Y.R.C.); (H.S.K.); (S.J.Y.); (N.Y.L.); (H.G.); (G.R.); (Y.A.G.); (G.S.Y.); (D.J.K.)
| | - Hyeong Seop Kim
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Korea; (Y.R.C.); (H.S.K.); (S.J.Y.); (N.Y.L.); (H.G.); (G.R.); (Y.A.G.); (G.S.Y.); (D.J.K.)
| | - Sang Jun Yoon
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Korea; (Y.R.C.); (H.S.K.); (S.J.Y.); (N.Y.L.); (H.G.); (G.R.); (Y.A.G.); (G.S.Y.); (D.J.K.)
| | - Na Young Lee
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Korea; (Y.R.C.); (H.S.K.); (S.J.Y.); (N.Y.L.); (H.G.); (G.R.); (Y.A.G.); (G.S.Y.); (D.J.K.)
| | - Haripriya Gupta
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Korea; (Y.R.C.); (H.S.K.); (S.J.Y.); (N.Y.L.); (H.G.); (G.R.); (Y.A.G.); (G.S.Y.); (D.J.K.)
| | - Ganesan Raja
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Korea; (Y.R.C.); (H.S.K.); (S.J.Y.); (N.Y.L.); (H.G.); (G.R.); (Y.A.G.); (G.S.Y.); (D.J.K.)
| | - Yoseph Asmelash Gebru
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Korea; (Y.R.C.); (H.S.K.); (S.J.Y.); (N.Y.L.); (H.G.); (G.R.); (Y.A.G.); (G.S.Y.); (D.J.K.)
| | - Gi Soo Youn
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Korea; (Y.R.C.); (H.S.K.); (S.J.Y.); (N.Y.L.); (H.G.); (G.R.); (Y.A.G.); (G.S.Y.); (D.J.K.)
| | - Dong Joon Kim
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Korea; (Y.R.C.); (H.S.K.); (S.J.Y.); (N.Y.L.); (H.G.); (G.R.); (Y.A.G.); (G.S.Y.); (D.J.K.)
| | - Young Lim Ham
- Department of Nursing, Daewon University College, Jaecheon 27135, Korea
- Correspondence: (Y.L.H.); (K.T.S.); Tel.: +82-10-5365-5700 (K.T.S.); Fax: +82-033-248-3481 (K.T.S.)
| | - Ki Tae Suk
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Korea; (Y.R.C.); (H.S.K.); (S.J.Y.); (N.Y.L.); (H.G.); (G.R.); (Y.A.G.); (G.S.Y.); (D.J.K.)
- Correspondence: (Y.L.H.); (K.T.S.); Tel.: +82-10-5365-5700 (K.T.S.); Fax: +82-033-248-3481 (K.T.S.)
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Raja G, Jang YK, Suh JS, Kim HS, Ahn SH, Kim TJ. Microcellular Environmental Regulation of Silver Nanoparticles in Cancer Therapy: A Critical Review. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E664. [PMID: 32178476 PMCID: PMC7140117 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) play significant roles in various cancer cells such as functional heterogeneity, microenvironmental differences, and reversible changes in cell properties (e.g., chemotherapy). There is a lack of targets for processes involved in tumor cellular heterogeneity, such as metabolic clampdown, cytotoxicity, and genotoxicity, which hinders microenvironmental biology. Proteogenomics and chemical metabolomics are important tools that can be used to study proteins/genes and metabolites in cells, respectively. Chemical metabolomics have many advantages over genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics in anticancer therapy. However, recent studies with AgNPs have revealed considerable genomic and proteomic changes, particularly in genes involved in tumor suppression, apoptosis, and oxidative stress. Metabolites interact biochemically with energy storage, neurotransmitters, and antioxidant defense systems. Mechanobiological studies of AgNPs in cancer metabolomics suggest that AgNPs may be promising tools that can be exploited to develop more robust and effective adaptive anticancer therapies. Herein, we present a proof-of-concept review for AgNPs-based proteogenomics and chemical metabolomics from various tumor cells with the help of several technologies, suggesting their promising use as drug carriers for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesan Raja
- Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Korea;
| | - Yoon-Kwan Jang
- Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Korea (S.H.A.)
| | - Jung-Soo Suh
- Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Korea (S.H.A.)
| | - Heon-Su Kim
- Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Korea (S.H.A.)
| | - Sang Hyun Ahn
- Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Korea (S.H.A.)
| | - Tae-Jin Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Korea;
- Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Korea (S.H.A.)
- Institute of Systems Biology, Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Korea
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Raja G, Kim S, Yoon D, Yoon C, Kim S. 1
H NMR Based Metabolomics Studies of the Toxicity of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles in Zebrafish (Danio rerio
). B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.11336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ganesan Raja
- Department of Chemistry; Center for Proteome Biophysics and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University; Busan 46241 Republic of Korea
| | - Siwon Kim
- Department of Chemistry; Center for Proteome Biophysics and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University; Busan 46241 Republic of Korea
| | - Dahye Yoon
- Department of Chemistry; Center for Proteome Biophysics and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University; Busan 46241 Republic of Korea
| | - Changshin Yoon
- Department of Chemistry; Center for Proteome Biophysics and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University; Busan 46241 Republic of Korea
| | - Suhkmann Kim
- Department of Chemistry; Center for Proteome Biophysics and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University; Busan 46241 Republic of Korea
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Raja G, Kim S, Yoon D, Yoon C, Kim S. 1H-NMR-based Metabolomics Studies of the Toxicity of Mesoporous Carbon Nanoparticles in Zebrafish (Danio rerio). B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.11080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ganesan Raja
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Proteome Biophysics and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials; Pusan National University; Busan 46241 Republic of Korea
| | - Siwon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Proteome Biophysics and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials; Pusan National University; Busan 46241 Republic of Korea
| | - Dahye Yoon
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Proteome Biophysics and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials; Pusan National University; Busan 46241 Republic of Korea
| | - Changshin Yoon
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Proteome Biophysics and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials; Pusan National University; Busan 46241 Republic of Korea
| | - Suhkmann Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Proteome Biophysics and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials; Pusan National University; Busan 46241 Republic of Korea
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Jovita Martin P, Kannan K, S S, Raja G. 499P Prevalence of androgen receptor positivity in triple negative breast cancer. Ann Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv534.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Sampath K, Sathiyaraj S, Raja G, Jayabalakrishnan C. Mixed ligand ruthenium(III) complexes of benzaldehyde 4-methyl-3-thiosemicarbazones with triphenylphosphine/triphenylarsine co-ligands: Synthesis, DNA binding, DNA cleavage, antioxidative and cytotoxic activity. J Mol Struct 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2013.04.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Raja G, Sathya N, Jayabalakrishnan C. Spectroscopic, catalytic, and biological studies on mononuclear ruthenium(II) ONSN chelating thiosemicarbazone complexes. J COORD CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2011.556721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. Raja
- a Post Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry , Sri Ramakrishna Mission Vidyalaya College of Arts and Science , Coimbatore – 641 020 , Tamil Nadu , India
| | - N. Sathya
- a Post Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry , Sri Ramakrishna Mission Vidyalaya College of Arts and Science , Coimbatore – 641 020 , Tamil Nadu , India
| | - C. Jayabalakrishnan
- a Post Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry , Sri Ramakrishna Mission Vidyalaya College of Arts and Science , Coimbatore – 641 020 , Tamil Nadu , India
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Prasanna SJ, Sharma HK, Mukkanti K, Kumar VJ, Raja G, Sivakumaran M. Validation of Capillary Electrophoresis Method for Determination of N-Methylpyrrolidine in Cefepime for Injection. J Chromatogr Sci 2010; 48:830-4. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/48.10.830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Sathya N, Muthusamy P, Padmapriya N, Raja G, Deivasigamani K, Jayabalakrishnan C. Spectrometric, catalytic, and antimicrobial studies of mononuclear Ru(III) Schiff-base complexes. J COORD CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/00958970903089676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. Sathya
- a Post Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry , Sri Ramakrishna Mission Vidyalaya College of Arts and Science , Coimbatore-641 020, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P. Muthusamy
- a Post Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry , Sri Ramakrishna Mission Vidyalaya College of Arts and Science , Coimbatore-641 020, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N. Padmapriya
- a Post Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry , Sri Ramakrishna Mission Vidyalaya College of Arts and Science , Coimbatore-641 020, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - G. Raja
- a Post Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry , Sri Ramakrishna Mission Vidyalaya College of Arts and Science , Coimbatore-641 020, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K. Deivasigamani
- a Post Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry , Sri Ramakrishna Mission Vidyalaya College of Arts and Science , Coimbatore-641 020, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - C. Jayabalakrishnan
- a Post Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry , Sri Ramakrishna Mission Vidyalaya College of Arts and Science , Coimbatore-641 020, Tamil Nadu, India
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Sathya N, Raja G, Padma Priya N, Jayabalakrishnan C. Ruthenium(II) complexes incorporating tridentate Schiff base ligands: synthesis, spectroscopic, redox, catalytic and biological properties. Appl Organomet Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.1621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Raja G, Bräu L, Palmer TN, Fournier PA. Fiber-specific responses of muscle glycogen repletion in fasted rats physically active during recovery from high-intensity physical exertion. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2008; 295:R633-41. [PMID: 18525011 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00874.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Mild physical activity performed immediately after a bout of intense exercise in fasting humans results in net glycogen breakdown in their slow oxidative (SO) muscle fibers and glycogen repletion in their fast twitch (FT) fibers. Because several animal species carry a low proportion of SO fibers, it is unclear whether they can also replenish glycogen in their FT fibers under these conditions. Given that most skeletal muscles in rats are poor in SO fibers (<5%), this issue was examined using groups of 24-h fasted Wistar rats (n=10) that swam for 3 min at high intensity with a 10% weight followed by either a 60-min rest (passive recovery, PR) or a 30-min swim with a 0.5% weight (active recovery, AR) preceding a 30-min rest. The 3-min sprint caused 61-79% glycogen fall across the muscles examined, but not in the soleus (SOL). Glycogen repletion during AR without food was similar to PR in the white gastrocnemius (WG), where glycogen increased by 71%, and less than PR in both the red and mixed gastrocnemius (RG, MG). Glycogen fell by 26% during AR in the SOL. Following AR, glycogen increased by 36%, 87%, and 37% in the SOL, RG, and MG, respectively, and this was accompanied by the sustained activation of glycogen synthase and inhibition of glycogen phosphorylase in the RG and MG. These results suggest that mammals with a low proportion of SO fibers can also replenish the glycogen stores of their FT fibers under extreme conditions combining physical activity and fasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Raja
- School of Exercise Science, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia, 6009
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Fournier PA, Bräu L, Ferreira LDMCB, Fairchild T, Raja G, James A, Palmer TN. Glycogen resynthesis in the absence of food ingestion during recovery from moderate or high intensity physical activity: novel insights from rat and human studies. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2002; 133:755-63. [PMID: 12443931 DOI: 10.1016/s1095-6433(02)00254-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The finding that during recovery from high intensity exercise, rats have the capacity to replenish their muscle glycogen stores even in the absence of food intake has provided us with an experimental model of choice to explore further this process. Our objective here is to share those questions arising from research carried out by others and ourselves on rats and humans that are likely to be of interest to comparative biochemists/physiologists. On the basis of our findings and those of others, it is proposed that across vertebrate species: (1). the capacity of muscles to replenish their glycogen stores from endogenous carbon sources is dependent on the type of physical activity and animal species; (2). lactate and amino acids are the major endogenous carbon sources mobilized for the resynthesis of muscle glycogen during recovery from exercise, their relative contributions depending on the duration of recovery and type of exercise; (3). the relative contributions of lactate glyconeogenesis and hepatic/renal gluconeogenesis to muscle glycogen synthesis is species- and muscle fiber-dependent; and (4). glycogen synthase and phosphorylase play an important role in the control of the rate of glycogen synthesis post-exercise, with the role of glucose transport being species-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Fournier
- Department of Human Movement and Exercise Science, The University of Western Australia, Western Australia, Crawley, Australia, 6009.
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Ferreira LD, Bräu L, Nikolovski S, Raja G, Palmer TN, Fournier PA. Effect of streptozotocin-induced diabetes on glycogen resynthesis in fasted rats post-high-intensity exercise. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2001; 280:E83-91. [PMID: 11120662 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.2001.280.1.e83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
It has recently been shown that food intake is not essential for the resynthesis of the stores of muscle glycogen in fasted animals recovering from high-intensity exercise. Because the effect of diabetes on this process has never been examined before, we undertook to explore this issue. To this end, groups of rats were treated with streptozotocin (60 mg/kg body mass ip) to induce mild diabetes. After 11 days, each animal was fasted for 24 h before swimming with a lead weight equivalent to 9% body mass attached to the tail. After exercise, the rate and the extent of glycogen repletion in muscles were not affected by diabetes, irrespective of muscle fiber composition. Consistent with these findings, the effect of exercise on the phosphorylation state of glycogen synthase in muscles was only minimally affected by diabetes. In contrast to its effects on nondiabetic animals, exercise in fasted diabetic rats was accompanied by a marked fall in hepatic glycogen levels, which, surprisingly, increased to preexercise levels during recovery despite the absence of food intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- L D Ferreira
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6907, Australia
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Bräu L, Ferreira LD, Nikolovski S, Raja G, Palmer TN, Fournier PA. Regulation of glycogen synthase and phosphorylase during recovery from high-intensity exercise in the rat. Biochem J 1997; 322 ( Pt 1):303-8. [PMID: 9078277 PMCID: PMC1218192 DOI: 10.1042/bj3220303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the role of the phosphorylation state of glycogen synthase and glycogen phosphorylase in the regulation of muscle glycogen repletion in fasted animals recovering from high-intensity exercise. Groups of rats were swum to exhaustion and allowed to recover for up to 120 min without access to food. Swimming to exhaustion caused substantial glycogen breakdown and lactate accumulation in the red, white and mixed gastrocnemius muscles, whereas the glycogen content in the soleus muscle remained stable. During the first 40 min of recovery, significant repletion of glycogen occurred in all muscles examined except the soleus muscle. At the onset of recovery, the activity ratios and fractional velocities of glycogen synthase in the red, white and mixed gastrocnemius muscles were higher than basal, but returned to pre-exercise levels within 20 min after exercise. In contrast, after exercise the activity ratios of glycogen phosphorylase in the same muscles were lower than basal, and increased to pre-exercise levels within 20 min. This pattern of changes in glycogen synthase and phosphorylase activities, never reported before, suggests that the integrated regulation of the phosphorylation state of both glycogen synthase and phosphorylase might be involved in the control of glycogen deposition after high-intensity exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Bräu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia
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