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Yang YP, Chang YL, Chiou GY, Lee MS, Wu YR, Chen PW, Lin YY, Lai WY, Liu YH, Hwang DK, Chien Y. Dysregulation of the circRNA_0087207/miR-548c-3p/PLSR1-TGFB2 axis in Leber hereditary optic neuropathy in vitro. J Chin Med Assoc 2024; 87:261-266. [PMID: 38305450 DOI: 10.1097/jcma.0000000000001063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is mainly the degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) associated with high apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, which is accepted to be caused by the mutations in the subunits of complex I of the mitochondrial electron transport chain. The treatment is still infant while efforts of correcting genes or using antioxidants do not bring good and consistent results. Unaffected carrier carries LHON mutation but shows normal phenotype, suggesting that the disease's pathogenesis is complex, in which secondary factors exist and cooperate with the primary complex I dysfunction. METHODS Using LHON patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) as the in vitro disease model, we previously demonstrated that circRNA_0087207 had the most significantly higher expression level in the LHON patient-iPSC-derived RGCs compared with the unaffected carrier-iPSC-derived RGCs. To elaborate the underlying pathologies regulated by circRNA_008720 mechanistically, bioinformatics analysis was conducted and elucidated that circRNA_0087207 could act as a sponge of miR-548c-3p and modulate PLSCR1/TGFB2 levels in ND4 mutation-carrying LHON patient-iPSC-derived RGCs. RESULTS Using LHON iPSC-derived RGCs as the disease-based platform, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis on targeted mRNA of miR-548c-3p showed the connection with apoptosis, suggesting downregulation of miR548c-3p contributes to the apoptosis of LHON patient RGCs. CONCLUSION We showed that the downregulation of miR548c-3p plays a critical role in modulating cellular dysfunction and the apoptotic program of RGCs in LHON.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ping Yang
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yuh-Lih Chang
- Department of Pharmacy, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Pharmacy, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Guang-Yuh Chiou
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
- Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Meng-Shiue Lee
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
| | - You-Ren Wu
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Po-Wei Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Pharmacy, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-Ying Lin
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wei-Yi Lai
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Hao Liu
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - De-Kuang Hwang
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yueh Chien
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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Liu DH, Tseng HC, Lee MS, Chiou GY, Wang CT, Lin YY, Lai WY, Liu YH, Wang CY, Lee CY, Kao CL, Chen CF, Chien Y. Overcoming the challenges of scalable iPSC generation in translation medicine. J Chin Med Assoc 2024; 87:163-170. [PMID: 38132887 DOI: 10.1097/jcma.0000000000001046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The potential of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) in revolutionizing regenerative medicine cannot be overstated. iPSCs offer a profound opportunity for therapies involving cell replacement, disease modeling, and cell transplantation. However, the widespread application of iPSC cellular therapy faces hurdles, including the imperative to regulate iPSC differentiation rigorously and the inherent genetic disparities among individuals. To address these challenges, the concept of iPSC super donors emerges, holding exceptional genetic attributes and advantageous traits. These super donors serve as a wellspring of standardized, high-quality cell sources, mitigating inter-individual variations and augmenting the efficacy of therapy. METHODS In pursuit of this goal, our study embarked on the establishment of iPSC cell lines specifically sourced from donors possessing the HLA type (A33:03-B58:01-DRB1*03:01). The reprogramming process was meticulously executed, resulting in the successful generation of iPSC lines from these carefully selected donors. Subsequently, an extensive characterization was conducted to comprehensively understand the features and attributes of these iPSC lines. RESULTS The outcomes of our research were highly promising. The reprogramming efforts culminated in the generation of iPSC lines from donors with the specified HLA type. These iPSC lines displayed a range of distinctive characteristics that were thoroughly examined and documented. This successful generation of iPSC lines from super donors possessing advantageous genetic traits represents a significant stride towards the realization of their potential in therapeutic applications. CONCLUSION In summary, our study marks a crucial milestone in the realm of regenerative medicine. The establishment of iPSC lines from super donors with specific HLA types signifies a paradigm shift in addressing challenges related to iPSC cellular therapy. The standardized and high-quality cell sources derived from these super donors hold immense potential for various therapeutic applications. As we move forward, these findings provide a solid foundation for further research and development, ultimately propelling the field of regenerative medicine toward new horizons of efficacy and accessibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding-Hao Liu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Huan-Chin Tseng
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Meng-Shiue Lee
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Guang-Yuh Chiou
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
- Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDS2B), National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chin-Tien Wang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Division of Clinical Research, Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-Ying Lin
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wei-Yi Lai
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Hao Liu
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chien-Ying Wang
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Division of Trauma, Department of Emergency Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chen-Yi Lee
- Department of Electronics Engineering and Institute of Electronics, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chung-Lan Kao
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDS2B), National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Cheng-Fong Chen
- Department of Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yueh Chien
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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Lin CI, Chen ZC, Chen CH, Chang YH, Lee TC, Tang TT, Yu TW, Yang CM, Tsai MC, Huang CC, Yang TW, Lin CC, Wang RH, Chiou GY, Jong YJ, Chao JI. Co-inhibition of Aurora A and Haspin kinases enhances survivin blockage and p53 induction for mitotic catastrophe and apoptosis in human colorectal cancer. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 206:115289. [PMID: 36241092 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause and mortality worldwide. Aurora A and haspin kinases act pivotal roles in mitotic progression. However, the blockage of Aurora A and Haspin for CRC therapy is still unclear. Here we show that the Haspin and p-H3T3 protein levels were highly expressed in CRC tumor tissues of clinical patients. Overexpression of Haspin increased the protein levels of p-H3T3 and survivin in human CRC cells; conversely, the protein levels of p-H3T3 and survivin were decreased by the Haspin gene knockdown. Moreover, the gene knockdown of Aurora A induced abnormal chromosome segregation, mitotic catastrophe, and cell growth inhibition. Combined targeted by co-treatment of CHR6494, a Haspin inhibitor, and MLN8237, an Aurora A inhibitor, enhanced apoptosis and CRC tumor inhibition. MLN8237 and CHR6494 induced abnormal chromosome segregation and mitotic catastrophe. Meanwhile, MLN8237 and CHR6494 inhibited survivin protein levels but conversely induced p53 protein expression. Ectopic survivin expression by transfection with a survivin-expressed vector resisted the cell death in the MLN8237- and CHR6494-treated cells. In contrast, the existence of functional p53 increased the apoptotic levels by treatment with MLN8237 and CHR6494. Co-treatment of CHR6494 and MLN8237 enhanced the blockage of human CRC xenograft tumors in nude mice. Taken together, co-inhibition of Aurora A and Haspin enhances survivin inhibition, p53 pathway induction, mitotic catastrophe, apoptosis and tumor inhibition that may provide a potential strategy for CRC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-I Lin
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Zan-Chu Chen
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hung Chen
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Hsuan Chang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Chia Lee
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Tai Tang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Wei Yu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Man Yang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chang Tsai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chou Huang
- Division of Colon and Rectum, Department of Surgery, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Wei Yang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Che Lin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Rou-Hsin Wang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Guang-Yuh Chiou
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Jyh Jong
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; Departments of Pediatrics and Laboratory Medicine, and Translational Research Center of Neuromuscular Diseases, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Jui-I Chao
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan; Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan; Center For Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30068, Taiwan.
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Yang YP, Chang YL, Lai YH, Tsai PH, Hsiao YJ, Nguyen LH, Lim XZ, Weng CC, Ko YL, Yang CH, Hwang DK, Chen SJ, Chiou SH, Chiou GY, Wang AG, Chien Y. Retinal Circular RNA hsa_circ_0087207 Expression Promotes Apoptotic Cell Death in Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Leber’s Hereditary Optic Neuropathy-like Models. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10040788. [PMID: 35453537 PMCID: PMC9027941 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10040788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds: Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is known as an inherited retinal disorder characterized by the bilateral central vision loss and degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). Unaffected LHON carriers are generally asymptomatic, suggesting that certain factors may contribute to the disease manifestations between carriers and patients who carry the same mutated genotypes. Methods: We first aimed to establish the iPSC-differentiated RGCs from the normal healthy subject, the carrier, and the LHON patient and then compared the differential expression profile of circular RNAs (CircRNAs) among RGCs from these donors in vitro. We further overexpressed or knocked down the most upregulated circRNA to examine whether this circRNA contributes to the distinct phenotypic manifestations between the carrier- and patient-derived RGCs. Results: iPSCs were generated from the peripheral blood cells from the healthy subject, the carrier, and the LHON patient and successfully differentiated into RGCs. These RGCs carried equivalent intracellular reactive oxygen species, but only LHON-patient iPSC-derived RGCs exhibited remarkable apoptosis. Next-generation sequencing and quantitative real-time PCR revealed the circRNA hsa_circ_0087207 as the most upregulated circRNA in LHON-patient iPSC-derived RGCs. Overexpression of hsa_circ_0087207 increased the apoptosis in carrier iPSC-derived RGCs, while knockdown of hsa_circ_0087207 attenuated the apoptosis in LHON-patient iPSC-derived RGCs. Predicted by bioinformatics approaches, hsa_circ_0087207 acts as the sponge of miR-665 to induce the expression of a variety of apoptosis-related genes in LHON patient iPSC-derived RGCs. Conclusions: Our data indicated that hsa_circ_0087207 upregulation distinguishes the disease phenotype manifestations between iPSC-derived RGCs generated from the LHON patient and carrier. Targeting the hsa_circ_0087207/miR-665 axis might hold therapeutic promises for the treatment of LHON.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ping Yang
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veteran General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; (Y.-P.Y.); (Y.-H.L.); (P.-H.T.); (Y.-J.H.); (L.H.N.); (X.-Z.L.); (Y.-L.K.); (S.-H.C.)
- Institute of Food Safety and Health Risk Assessment, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; (D.-K.H.); (S.-J.C.); (A.-G.W.)
| | - Yuh-Lih Chang
- Department of Pharmacy, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan;
- Department of Pharmacy, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Hsien Lai
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veteran General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; (Y.-P.Y.); (Y.-H.L.); (P.-H.T.); (Y.-J.H.); (L.H.N.); (X.-Z.L.); (Y.-L.K.); (S.-H.C.)
- Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Hsing Tsai
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veteran General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; (Y.-P.Y.); (Y.-H.L.); (P.-H.T.); (Y.-J.H.); (L.H.N.); (X.-Z.L.); (Y.-L.K.); (S.-H.C.)
- Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jer Hsiao
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veteran General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; (Y.-P.Y.); (Y.-H.L.); (P.-H.T.); (Y.-J.H.); (L.H.N.); (X.-Z.L.); (Y.-L.K.); (S.-H.C.)
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; (D.-K.H.); (S.-J.C.); (A.-G.W.)
| | - Long Hoang Nguyen
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veteran General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; (Y.-P.Y.); (Y.-H.L.); (P.-H.T.); (Y.-J.H.); (L.H.N.); (X.-Z.L.); (Y.-L.K.); (S.-H.C.)
- Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Xue-Zhen Lim
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veteran General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; (Y.-P.Y.); (Y.-H.L.); (P.-H.T.); (Y.-J.H.); (L.H.N.); (X.-Z.L.); (Y.-L.K.); (S.-H.C.)
- Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Chi Weng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan;
| | - Yu-Ling Ko
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veteran General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; (Y.-P.Y.); (Y.-H.L.); (P.-H.T.); (Y.-J.H.); (L.H.N.); (X.-Z.L.); (Y.-L.K.); (S.-H.C.)
| | - Chang-Hao Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10002, Taiwan;
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
| | - De-Kuang Hwang
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; (D.-K.H.); (S.-J.C.); (A.-G.W.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan;
| | - Shih-Jen Chen
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; (D.-K.H.); (S.-J.C.); (A.-G.W.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan;
| | - Shih-Hwa Chiou
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veteran General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; (Y.-P.Y.); (Y.-H.L.); (P.-H.T.); (Y.-J.H.); (L.H.N.); (X.-Z.L.); (Y.-L.K.); (S.-H.C.)
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; (D.-K.H.); (S.-J.C.); (A.-G.W.)
- Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan;
- Genomic Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
| | - Guang-Yuh Chiou
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300093, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (G.-Y.C.); (Y.C.)
| | - An-Guor Wang
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; (D.-K.H.); (S.-J.C.); (A.-G.W.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan;
| | - Yueh Chien
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veteran General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; (Y.-P.Y.); (Y.-H.L.); (P.-H.T.); (Y.-J.H.); (L.H.N.); (X.-Z.L.); (Y.-L.K.); (S.-H.C.)
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11217, Taiwan; (D.-K.H.); (S.-J.C.); (A.-G.W.)
- Correspondence: (G.-Y.C.); (Y.C.)
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Yang YP, Nguyen PNN, Lin TC, Yarmishyn AA, Chen WS, Hwang DK, Chiou GY, Lin TW, Chien CS, Tsai CY, Chiou SH, Chen SJ, Peng CH, Hsu CC. Glutamate Stimulation Dysregulates AMPA Receptors-Induced Signal Transduction Pathway in Leber's Inherited Optic Neuropathy Patient-Specific hiPSC-Derived Retinal Ganglion Cells. Cells 2019; 8:cells8060625. [PMID: 31234430 PMCID: PMC6627514 DOI: 10.3390/cells8060625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrial genetic disorder, Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON), is caused by a mutation in MT-ND4 gene, encoding NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4. It leads to the progressive death of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and causes visual impairment or even blindness. However, the precise mechanisms of LHON disease penetrance and progression are not completely elucidated. Human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) offer unique opportunities to investigate disease-relevant phenotypes and regulatory mechanisms underlying LHON pathogenesis at the cellular level. In this study, we successfully generated RGCs by differentiation of LHON patient-specific hiPSCs. We modified the protocol of differentiation to obtain a more enriched population of single-cell RGCs for LHON study. Based on assessing morphology, expression of specific markers and electrophysiological activity, we found that LHON-specific hiPSC-derived were more defective in comparison with normal wild-type RGCs. Based on our previous study, whereby by using microarray analysis we identified that the components of glutamatergic synapse signaling pathway were significantly downregulated in LHON-specific RGCs, we focused our study on glutamate-associated α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid (AMPA) receptors. We found that the protein expression levels of the subunits of the AMPA receptor, GluR1 and GluR2, and their associated scaffold proteins were decreased in LHON-RGCs. By performing the co-immunoprecipitation assay, we found several differences in the efficiencies of interaction between AMPA subunits and scaffold proteins between normal and LHON-specific RGCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ping Yang
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
| | - Phan Nguyen Nhi Nguyen
- Cancer Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital and National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan.
| | - Tai-Chi Lin
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
| | - Aliaksandr A Yarmishyn
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
| | - Wun-Syuan Chen
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
| | - De-Kuang Hwang
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
| | - Guang-Yuh Chiou
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan.
| | - Tzu-Wei Lin
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
| | - Chian-Shiu Chien
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
| | - Ching-Yao Tsai
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei 103, Taiwan.
| | - Shih-Hwa Chiou
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
- Genomic Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan.
| | - Shih-Jen Chen
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
| | - Chi-Hsien Peng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei 111, Taiwan.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fu-Jen Catholic University, Taipei 242, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Chien Hsu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
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Lu TH, Huang TD, Chiou GY. Kaleidoscope vortex lasers generated from astigmatic cavities with longitudinal-transverse coupling. Opt Express 2018; 26:31464-31473. [PMID: 30650731 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.031464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We propose an efficient and robust method to generate the kaleidoscope vortex beam by employing an astigmatic laser cavity with an extra-cavity cylindrical lens. The kaleidoscope vortex beam is arising from the superposition of Laguerre-Gaussian modes with the longitudinal-transverse coupling effect in the laser cavity. The superposed Laguerre-Gaussian mode leads to the formation of complex phase singularities and implies the participation of different optical orbital angular momentum involved in a single kaleidoscope vortex beam. We experimentally demonstrate that a series of kaleidoscope vortex beams with different symmetry are systematically achieved by using a simple setup. The output power of the laser is dependent on the cavity length. This approach is expected to create high-order optical vortex beams and pave the way for optical entanglement.
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Chiou GY, Yang TW, Huang CC, Tang CY, Yen JY, Tsai MC, Chen HY, Fadhilah N, Lin CC, Jong YJ. Musashi-1 promotes a cancer stem cell lineage and chemoresistance in colorectal cancer cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2172. [PMID: 28526879 PMCID: PMC5438397 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02057-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancers (CRCs) are a critical health issue worldwide. Cancer stem cell (CSC) lineages are associated with tumour transformation, progression, and malignant transformation. However, how lineages are transformed and how chemoresistance is acquired by CRCs remain largely unknown. In this report, we demonstrated that the RNA-binding protein Musashi-1 enhanced the development of CD44+ colorectal CSCs and triggered the formation of anti-apoptotic stress granules (SGs). Our results indicated that CD44+ CSC lineage-specific induction of tumour malignancies was controlled by Musashi-1. In addition, Musashi-1 formed SGs when CRC cell lines were treated with 5-fluorouracil. The C-terminal domain of Musashi-1 was critical for recruitment of Musashi-1 into SGs. Intracellular Musashi-1 SGs enhanced the chemoresistance of CRCs. Analysis of clinical CRC samples indicated that Musashi-1 expression was prominent in CRC stage IIA and IIB. In summary, we demonstrated that Musashi-1, a stemness gene, is a critical modulator that promotes the development of CD44+ colorectal CSCs and also enhances CRC chemoresistance via formation of SGs. Our findings elucidated a novel mechanism of CRC chemoresistance through increased anti-apoptotic effects via Musashi-1-associated SGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Yuh Chiou
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Wei Yang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chou Huang
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Division of Colon and Rectum, Department of Surgery, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ying Tang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Yi Yen
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chang Tsai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Yi Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Nurul Fadhilah
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Che Lin
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan. .,School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Yuh-Jyh Jong
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan. .,Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, College of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. .,Departments of Paediatrics and Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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8
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Huang WT, Larsson M, Lee YC, Liu DM, Chiou GY. Dual drug-loaded biofunctionalized amphiphilic chitosan nanoparticles: Enhanced synergy between cisplatin and demethoxycurcumin against multidrug-resistant stem-like lung cancer cells. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2016; 109:165-173. [PMID: 27793756 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2016.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Revised: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer kills more humans than any other cancer and multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer stem-like cells (CSC) is emerging as a reason for failed treatments. One concept that addresses this root cause of treatment failure is the utilization of nanoparticles to simultaneously deliver dual drugs to cancer cells with synergistic performance, easy to envision - hard to achieve. (1) It is challenging to simultaneously load drugs of highly different physicochemical properties into one nanoparticle, (2) release kinetics may differ between drugs and (3) general requirements for biomedical nanoparticles apply. Here self-assembled nanoparticles of amphiphilic carboxymethyl-hexanoyl chitosan (CHC) were shown to present nano-microenvironments enabling simultaneous loading of hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs. This was expanded into a dual-drug nano-delivery system to treat lung CSC. CHC nanoparticles were loaded/chemically modified with the anticancer drug cisplatin and the MDR-suppressing Chinese herbal extract demethoxycurcumin, followed by biofunctionalization with CD133 antibody for enhanced uptake by lung CSC, all in a feasible one-pot preparation. The nanoparticles were characterized with regard to chemistry, size, zeta potential and drug loading/release. Biofunctionalized and non-functionalized nanoparticles were investigated for uptake by lung CSC. Subsequently the cytotoxicity of single and dual drugs, free in solution or in nanoparticles, was evaluated against lung CSC at different doses. From the dose response at different concentrations the degree of synergy was determined through Chou-Talalay's Plot. The biofunctionalized nanoparticles promoted synergistic effects between the drugs and were highly effective against MDR lung CSC. The efficacy and feasible one-pot preparation suggests preclinical studies using relevant disease models to be justified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ting Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta-Hseuh Road, Hsinchu City 300, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Mikael Larsson
- School of Energy and Resources, University College London, 220 Victoria Square, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Campus, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Yi-Chi Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta-Hseuh Road, Hsinchu City 300, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Dean-Mo Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta-Hseuh Road, Hsinchu City 300, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Guang-Yuh Chiou
- College of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta-Hseuh Road, Hsinchu City 300, Taiwan, ROC.
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Dai H, Tian X, Chen S, Wang Y, Yang TW, Lin CC, Tsai MC, Wang CH, Huang CC, Shih CY, Chiou GY, Jong YJ, Wong LJ. Abstract 3171: Powerful target capture/NGS approach reveals extensive genetic changes including SNVs, CNVs and gross chromosomal rearrangements in colorectal cancers. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2016-3171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: Accurate and comprehensive molecular analyses of genetic changes in cancer tissues are critical for cancer management, treatment, and genetic counseling. Study of the complete molecular profiles in patient's blood, cacinoma tissue and surrounding pathological normal tissues will help us understand the etiology of colorectal cancers (CRC) as either hereditary or sporadic. In addition, this study will also reveal somatic changes and possible targets for therapy. Multigene target capture followed by deep next generation sequencing (NGS) provides a powerful approach to simultaneously detect both single nucleotide variants (SNVs) and exonic copy number variants (CNVs) in a time and cost effective fashion.
Method: DNA samples were prepared from blood, freshly frozen normal surrounding and carcinoma or polyp tissues from 20 patients with CRC and 10 patients with colorectal polyps. A custom probe library containing 183 cancer related genes was used to capture the target sequences followed by NGS with deep coverage (average depth per base is ∼1000X). Both SNVs and CNVs were analyzed based on in-house developed analytical algorithm and bioinformatics pipeline.
Results: This study revealed extensive genetic changes in colon carcinoma tissues. At least 40% of the colon carcinoma samples harbor loss-of-function pathogenic germline mutations in cancer related genes. However, loss of function germline mutations were not found in the polyps. Germline missense variants of unknown significance were identified in 60% of the polyps. Multiple deleterious somatic mutations are identified in all carcinoma tissues but only 1-2 somatic mutations per sample are found in the polyps. Almost every carcinoma tissue harbor gross chromosomal rearrangement, which is only found in about 50% of the polyp tissues.. NGS based CNV analysis revealed 2 germline events (FANCD2 E15-16 del; whole ALK gene dup). Somatic CNV events are more frequently observed in carcinoma tissues. Gross changes at chromosomal levels were also detected by using the NGS CNV analytical algorithm. Recurrent somatic pathogenic variants in genes associated with CRC, such as APC, TP53, and KRAS were identified while novel likely pathogenic variants in novel genes possibly linked to CRC were also discovered for further investigation. Heterogeneity of carcinoma tissues within the same individual was suggested by comparing allele frequency of different somatic mutations. Numerous loss of heterozygosity was observed in both carcinoma and polyp tissues.
Conclusion: Target capture/NGS approach allows simultaneous analyses of SNVs and CNVs with quantitative data to distinguish between germline and somatic mutations. These analyses reveal abundant and valuable molecular information for target therapy, patient management, genetic counseling, and new insights of possible pathogenic mechanism
Citation Format: Hongzheng Dai, Xia Tian, Stella Chen, Yue Wang, Tzu-Wei Yang, Chun-Che Lin, Ming-Chang Tsai, Chih-Hong Wang, Chi-Chou Huang, Chin-Ying Shih, Guang-Yuh Chiou, Yuh-Jyh Jong, Lee-Jun Wong. Powerful target capture/NGS approach reveals extensive genetic changes including SNVs, CNVs and gross chromosomal rearrangements in colorectal cancers. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 3171.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xia Tian
- 1Baylor Miraca Genetics Laboratories, Houston, TX
| | - Stella Chen
- 1Baylor Miraca Genetics Laboratories, Houston, TX
| | - Yue Wang
- 2Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Tzu-Wei Yang
- 3Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Che Lin
- 3Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Chi-Chou Huang
- 3Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Yuh-Jyh Jong
- 4National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchun, Taiwan
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10
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Liu WH, Chen MT, Wang ML, Lee YY, Chiou GY, Chien CS, Huang PI, Chen YW, Huang MC, Chiou SH, Shih YH, Ma HI. Cisplatin-selected resistance is associated with increased motility and stem-like properties via activation of STAT3/Snail axis in atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor cells. Oncotarget 2015; 6:1750-68. [PMID: 25638155 PMCID: PMC4359329 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2014] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (ATRT) is a malignant pediatric brain tumor with great recurrence after complete surgery and chemotherapy. Here, we demonstrate that cisplatin treatment selects not only for resistance but also for a more oncogenic phenotype characterized by high self-renewal and invasive capabilities. These phenomena are likely due to STAT3 upregulatoin which occurred simultaneously with higher expression of Snail, an activator of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), in ATRT-CisR cells. STAT3 knockdown effectively suppressed Snail expression and blocked motility and invasion in ATRT-CisR cells, while overexpressing Snail reversed these effects. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay indicated that STAT3 directly bound to Snail promoter. Moreover, STAT3 knockdown effectively suppressed cancer stem-like properties, synergistically enhanced the chemotherapeutic effect, and significantly improved survival rate in ATRT-CisR-transplanted immunocompromised mice. Finally, immunohistochemistrical analysis showed that STAT3 and Snail were coexpressed at high levels in recurrent ATRT tissues. Thus, the STAT3/Snail pathway plays an important role in oncogenic resistance, rendering cells not only drug-resistant but also increasingly oncogenic (invasion, EMT and recurrence). Therefore, the STAT3/Snail could be a target for ATRT treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hsiu Liu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Neurological Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital and National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Teh Chen
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital & National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mong-Lien Wang
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Yen Lee
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Guang-Yuh Chiou
- College of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung Univeristy, Taiwan
| | - Chian-Shiu Chien
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research and Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Pin-I Huang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Cancer Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wei Chen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Cancer Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chao Huang
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Hwa Chiou
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research and Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Hsin Shih
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital & National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-I Ma
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Neurological Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital and National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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11
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Chiou GY, Chien CS, Wang ML, Chen MT, Yang YP, Yu YL, Chien Y, Chang YC, Shen CC, Chio CC, Lu KH, Ma HI, Chen KH, Liu DM, Miller SA, Chen YW, Huang PI, Shih YH, Hung MC, Chiou SH. Epigenetic regulation of the miR142-3p/interleukin-6 circuit in glioblastoma. Mol Cell 2014; 52:693-706. [PMID: 24332177 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2013.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Revised: 09/12/2013] [Accepted: 10/04/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic regulation plays a critical role in glioblastoma (GBM) tumorigenesis. However, how microRNAs (miRNAs) and cytokines cooperate to regulate GBM tumor progression is still unclear. Here, we show that interleukin-6 (IL-6) inhibits miR142-3p expression and promotes GBM propagation by inducing DNA methyltransferase 1-mediated hypermethylation of the miR142-3p promoter. Interestingly, miR142-3p also suppresses IL-6 secretion by targeting the 3' UTR of IL-6. In addition, miR142-3p also targets the 3' UTR and suppresses the expression of high-mobility group AT-hook 2 (HMGA2), leading to inhibition of Sox2-related stemness. We further show that HMGA2 enhances Sox2 expression by directly binding to the Sox2 promoter. Clinically, GBM patients whose tumors present upregulated IL-6, HMGA2, and Sox2 protein expressions and hypermethylated miR142-3p promoter also demonstrate poor survival outcome. Orthotopic delivery of miR142-3p blocks IL-6/HMGA2/Sox2 expression and suppresses stem-like properties in GBM-xenotransplanted mice. Collectively, we discovered an IL-6/miR142-3p feedback-loop-dependent regulation of GBM malignancy that could be a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Yuh Chiou
- Institute of Oral Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research and Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Chian-Shiu Chien
- Institute of Oral Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Mong-Lien Wang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; Cancer Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Teh Chen
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; Department of Neurosurgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ping Yang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; Cancer Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Luen Yu
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan
| | - Yueh Chien
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research and Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Ching Chang
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research and Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Chyi Shen
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; Department of Neurosurgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ching Chio
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Hsi Lu
- Department of Medical Research and Education, Cheng-Hsin General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-I Ma
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital and National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Hsuan Chen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; Department of Neurosurgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Dean-Mo Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Stephanie A Miller
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Yi-Wei Chen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research and Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Pin-I Huang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research and Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Hsin Shih
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; Department of Neurosurgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Mien-Chie Hung
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan; Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
| | - Shih-Hwa Chiou
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; Cancer Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research and Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
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12
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Chiou SH, Chiou GY, Lu KH. Abstract 228: Curcumin attenuates tumor initiating stem-like property of head and neck cancer through miR145 axis-mediated paracrine signaling. Cancer Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2013-228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Recent reports have demonstrated that head and neck cancer derived tumor initiating cells (HNC-TICs) presented high tumorigenic, chemo-radioresistant, metastatic properties, and coupled with gain of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) characteristics. As curcumin, an active component of the spice turmeric, can exert cytotoxic effects on cancer cells without harming normal tissues. The aim of this study was to investigate the chemo-therapeutic effect and regulatory mechanisms of curcumin on HNC-TICs. We first observed that the treatment of curcumin significantly down-regulated the ALDH1 activity, CD44 positivity, self-renewal property, and side population of HNC cells in a dose dependent manner. Using miRNA/mRNA-microarray analysis, curcumin significantly increased expression of tumor suppressive miR-145. Further mechanistic studies showed that the re-expression of PU-PEI-mediated miR145 delivery led to decreased of TICs properties. Blocking of endogenous miR145 can dramatically enhance stemness and tumor-initiating properties in ALDH1-CD44- non-TICs HNC cells. Additionally, the repressive effect of miR-145 on TICs properties was mediated by regulating of EMT. Importantly, in vivo nude mice model showed that cucumin treatment by oral gavage or PU-PEI-mediated miR145 delivery to xenograft tumors reduced tumor growth and metastasis and prolonged the survival times of tumor-bearing mice. From these results, we conclude that the inhibition of tumor aggressiveness in HNC-TIC in by curcumin was in part was mediated by up-regulation of miR-145, suggesting that curcumin would be a valuable therapeutics clinically in treatment modalities for malignant head and neck cancers by elimination of tumor initiating stem-like, and EMT properties.
Citation Format: Shih-Hwa Chiou, Guang-Yuh Chiou, Kai-Hsi Lu. Curcumin attenuates tumor initiating stem-like property of head and neck cancer through miR145 axis-mediated paracrine signaling. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 228. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-228
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kai-Hsi Lu
- 2Cheng-Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Yu CC, Tsai LL, Wang ML, Yu CH, Lo WL, Chang YC, Chiou GY, Chou MY, Chiou SH. miR145 targets the SOX9/ADAM17 axis to inhibit tumor-initiating cells and IL-6-mediated paracrine effects in head and neck cancer. Cancer Res 2013; 73:3425-40. [PMID: 23548270 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-12-3840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
ALDH1(+)CD44(+) cells are putative tumor-initiating cells (TIC) in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNC). miR-145 regulates tumorigenicity in various cancers but the breadth of its mechanistic contributions and potential therapeutic applications are not completely known. Here, we report that ALDH1(+)CD44(+)-HNC cells express reduced levels of miR145. SPONGE-mediated inhibition of miR-145 (Spg-miR145) was sufficient to drive tumor-initiating characteristics in non-TICs/ALDH1(-)CD44-negative HNC cells. Mechanistic analyses identified SOX9 and ADAM17 as two novel miR145 targets relevant to this process. miR-145 expression repressed TICs in HNC in a manner associated with SOX9 interaction with the ADAM17 promoter, thereby activating ADAM17 expression. Notably, the SOX9/ADAM17 axis dominated the TIC-inducing activity of miR-145. Either miR-145 suppression or ADAM17 overexpression in non-TICs/ALDH1(-)CD44(-)-HNC cells increased expression and secretion of interleukin (IL)-6 and soluble-IL-6 receptor (sIL-6R). Conversely, conditioned medium from Spg-miR145-transfected non-TICs/ALDH1(-)CD44(-)-HNC cells was sufficient to confer tumor-initiating properties in non-TICs/ALDH1(-)CD44(-)-HNC and this effect could be abrogated by an IL-6-neutralizing antibody. We found that curcumin administration increased miR-145 promoter activity, thereby decreasing SOX9/ADAM17 expression and eliminating TICs in HNC cell populations. Delivery of lentivral-miR145 or orally administered curcumin blocked tumor progression in HNC-TICs in murine xenotransplant assays. Finally, immunohistochemical analyses of patient specimens confirmed that an miR-145(low)/SOX9(high)/ADAM17(high) phenotype correlated with poor survival. Collectively, our results show how miR-145 targets the SOX9/ADAM17 axis to regulate TIC properties in HNC, and how altering this pathway may partly explain the anticancer effects of curcumin. By inhibiting IL-6 and sIL-6R as downstream effector cytokines in this pathway, miR-145 seems to suppress a paracrine signaling pathway in the tumor microenvironment that is vital to maintain TICs in HNC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Chia Yu
- Institute of Oral Science; School of Dentistry, Oral Medicine Research Center, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Chiou SH, Jiang BH, Yu YL, Chou SJ, Tsai PH, Chang WC, Chen LK, Chen LH, Chien Y, Chiou GY. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 regulates nuclear reprogramming and promotes iPSC generation without c-Myc. J Biophys Biochem Cytol 2013. [DOI: 10.1083/jcb2001oia2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Chiou SH, Jiang BH, Yu YL, Chou SJ, Tsai PH, Chang WC, Chen LK, Chen LH, Chien Y, Chiou GY. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 regulates nuclear reprogramming and promotes iPSC generation without c-Myc. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 210:85-98. [PMID: 23277454 PMCID: PMC3549716 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20121044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Parp1 can replace c-Myc to promote induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) generation. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (Parp1) catalyzes poly(ADP-ribosylation) (PARylation) and induces replication networks involved in multiple nuclear events. Using mass spectrometry and Western blotting, Parp1 and PARylation activity were intensively detected in induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and embryonic stem cells, but they were lower in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and differentiated cells. We show that knockdown of Parp1 and pharmacological inhibition of PARylation both reduced the efficiency of iPSC generation induced by Oct4/Sox2/Klf4/c-Myc. Furthermore, Parp1 is able to replace Klf4 or c-Myc to enhance the efficiency of iPSC generation. In addition, mouse iPSCs generated from Oct4/Sox2/Parp1-overexpressing MEFs formed chimeric offspring. Notably, the endogenous Parp1 and PARylation activity was enhanced by overexpression of c-Myc and repressed by c-Myc knockdown. A chromatin immunoprecipitation assay revealed a direct interaction of c-Myc with the Parp1 promoter. PAR-resin pulldown, followed by proteomic analysis, demonstrated high levels of PARylated Chd1L, DNA ligase III, SSrp1, Xrcc-6/Ku70, and Parp2 in pluripotent cells, which decreased during the differentiation process. These data show that the activation of Parp1, partly regulated by endogenous c-Myc, effectively promotes iPSC production and helps to maintain a pluripotent state by posttranslationally modulating protein PARylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Hwa Chiou
- Genomic Center & Cancer Center, Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
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Yu YH, Chiou GY, Huang PI, Lo WL, Wang CY, Lu KH, Yu CC, Alterovitz G, Huang WC, Lo JF, Hsu HS, Chiou SH. Network biology of tumor stem-like cells identified a regulatory role of CBX5 in lung cancer. Sci Rep 2012; 2:584. [PMID: 22900142 PMCID: PMC3419921 DOI: 10.1038/srep00584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2012] [Accepted: 08/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mounting evidence links cancers possessing stem-like properties with worse prognosis. Network biology with signal processing mechanics was explored here using expression profiles of a panel of tumor stem-like cells (TSLCs). The profiles were compared to their parental tumor cells (PTCs) and the human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), for the identification of gene chromobox homolog 5, CBX5, as a potential target for lung cancer. CBX5 was found to regulate the stem-like properties of lung TSLCs and was predictive of lung cancer prognosis. The investigation was facilitated by finding target genes based on modeling epistatic signaling mechanics via a predictive and scalable network-based survival model. Topologically-weighted measurements of CBX5 were synchronized with those of BIRC5, DNMT1, E2F1, ESR1, MLH1, MSH2, RB1, SMAD1 and TAF5. We validated our findings in another Taiwanese lung cancer cohort, as well as in knockdown experiments using sh-CBX5 RNAi both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yau-Hua Yu
- Institute of Oral Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Huang PI, Lo WL, Cherng JY, Chien Y, Chiou GY, Chiou SH. Non-Viral Delivery of RNA Interference Targeting Cancer Cells in Cancer Gene Therapy. Curr Gene Ther 2012; 12:275-84. [DOI: 10.2174/156652312802083576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2012] [Revised: 06/14/2012] [Accepted: 06/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Lo WL, Chien Y, Chiou GY, Tseng LM, Hsu HS, Chang YL, Lu KH, Chien CS, Wang ML, Chen YW, Huang PI, Hu FW, Yu CC, Chu PY, Chiou SH. Nuclear localization signal-enhanced RNA interference of EZH2 and Oct4 in the eradication of head and neck squamous Cell carcinoma-derived cancer stem cells. Biomaterials 2012; 33:3693-709. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2011] [Accepted: 01/09/2012] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Yang YP, Chang YL, Huang PI, Chiou GY, Tseng LM, Chiou SH, Chen MH, Chen MT, Shih YH, Chang CH, Hsu CC, Ma HI, Wang CT, Tsai LL, Yu CC, Chang CJ. Resveratrol suppresses tumorigenicity and enhances radiosensitivity in primary glioblastoma tumor initiating cells by inhibiting the STAT3 axis. J Cell Physiol 2012; 227:976-93. [PMID: 21503893 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.22806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor. Patients diagnosed with GBM have a poor prognosis, and it has been reported that tumor malignancy and GBM recurrence are promoted by STAT3 signaling. As resveratrol (RV), a polyphenol in grapes, is reported to be a potent and non-toxic cancer-preventive compound, the aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effect and molecular mechanisms of RV on GBM-derived radioresistant tumor initiating cells (TIC). Firstly, our results showed that primary GBM-CD133(+) TIC presented high tumorigenic and radiochemoresistant properties as well as increased protein levels of phosphorylated STAT3. We consistently observed that treatment with shRNA-STAT3 (sh-STAT3) or AG490, a STAT3 inhibitor, significantly inhibited the cancer stem-like cell properties and radioresistance of GBM-CD133(+) in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, treatment of GBM-CD133(+) with 100 µM RV induced apoptosis and enhanced radiosensitivity by suppressing STAT3 signaling. Microarray results suggested that RV or AG490 inhibited the stemness gene signatures of GBM-CD133(+) and facilitated the differentiation of GBM-CD133(+) into GBM-CD133(-) or astrocytoma cells. Finally, xenotransplant experiments indicated that RV or sh-STAT3 therapy could significantly improve the survival rate and synergistically enhance the radiosensitivity of radiation-treated GBM-TIC. In summary, RV can reduce in vivo tumorigenicity and enhance the sensitivity of GBM-TIC to radiotherapies through the STAT3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ping Yang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Lee PY, Chien Y, Chiou GY, Lin CH, Chiou CH, Tarng DC. Induced pluripotent stem cells without c-Myc attenuate acute kidney injury via downregulating the signaling of oxidative stress and inflammation in ischemia-reperfusion rats. Cell Transplant 2012; 21:2569-85. [PMID: 22507855 DOI: 10.3727/096368912x636902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells have potential for multilineage differentiation and provide a resource for stem cell-based treatment. However, the therapeutic effect of iPS cells on acute kidney injury (AKI) remains uncertain. Given that the oncogene c-Myc may contribute to tumorigenesis by causing genomic instability, herein we evaluated the therapeutic effect of iPS cells without exogenously introduced c-Myc on ischemia-reperfusion (I/R)-induced AKI. As compared with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)-treated group, administration of iPS cells via intrarenal arterial route into kidneys improved the renal function and attenuated tubular injury score at 48 h after ischemia particularly at the dose of 5 × 10(5) iPS cells. However, a larger number of iPS cells (5 × 10(7) per rat) diminished the therapeutic effects for AKI and profoundly reduced renal perfusion detected by laser Doppler imaging in the reperfusion phase. In addition, the green fluorescence protein-positive iPS cells mobilized to the peritubular area at 48 h following ischemia, accompanied by a significant reduction in infiltration of macrophages and apoptosis of tubular cells, and a remarkable enhancement in endogenous tubular cell proliferation. Importantly, transplantation of iPS cells reduced the expression of oxidative substances, proinflammatory cytokines, and apoptotic factors in I/R kidney tissues and eventually improved survival in rats of ischemic AKI. Six months after transplantation in I/R rats, engrafted iPS cells did not result in tumor formation in kidney and other organs. In summary, considering the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic properties of iPS cells without c-Myc, transplantation of such cells may be a treatment option for ischemic AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Ying Lee
- Department and Institute of Physiology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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21
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Chiou GY, Cherng JY, Hsu HS, Wang ML, Tsai CM, Lu KH, Chien Y, Hung SC, Chen YW, Wong CI, Tseng LM, Huang PI, Yu CC, Hsu WH, Chiou SH. Cationic polyurethanes-short branch PEI-mediated delivery of Mir145 inhibited epithelial-mesenchymal transdifferentiation and cancer stem-like properties and in lung adenocarcinoma. J Control Release 2012; 159:240-50. [PMID: 22285547 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2012.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2011] [Revised: 12/12/2011] [Accepted: 01/13/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The high invasiveness and frequent recurrence of lung adenocarcinoma (LAC) are major reasons for treatment failures and poor prognoses. Alterations in microRNAs (miRNAs) expression have been shown in lung cancers. Recent reports have demonstrated that tumors contain a small subpopulation of cancer stem cells (CSCs) that possesses self-renewing capacity and is responsible for tumor malignancy including metastasis, relapse, and chemoradioresistance. However, a miRNAs-based therapeutic approach in LAC-associated CSCs (LAC-CSCs) is still blurred. Using miRNA/mRNA-microarray and Quantitative RT-PCR, we found that the expression of miR145 is negatively correlated with the levels of Oct4/Sox2/Fascin1 in LAC patient specimens, and an Oct4(high)Sox2(high)Fascin1(high)miR145(low) phenotype predicted poor prognosis. We enriched LAC-CSCs by side population sorting or identification of CD133 markers and found that LAC-CSCs exhibited low miR145 and high Oct4/Sox2/Fascin1 expression, CSC-like properties, and chemoradioresistance. To clarify the role of miR145, we used a polyurethane-short branch-polyethylenimine (PU-PEI) as the vehicle to deliver miR145 into LAC-CSCs. PU-PEI-mediated miR145 delivery reduced CSC-like properties, and improved chemoradioresistance in LAC-CSCs by directly targeting Oct4/Sox2/Fascin1. Importantly, the repressive effect of miR145 on tumor metastasis was mediated by inhibiting the epithelial-mesenchymal transdifferentiation (EMT) and metastastic ability, partially by regulating Oct4/Sox2/Fascin1, Tcf4, and Wnt5a. Finally, in vivo study showed that PU-PEI-mediated miR145 delivery to xenograft tumors reduced tumor growth and metastasis, sensitized tumors to chemoradiotherapies, and prolonged the survival times of tumor-bearing mice. Our results demonstrated that miR145 acts as a switch regulating lung CSC-like and EMT properties, and provide insights into the clinical prospect of miR145-based therapies for malignant lung cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Yuh Chiou
- Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan
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Peng CH, Cherng JY, Chiou GY, Chen YC, Chien CH, Kao CL, Chang YL, Chien Y, Chen LK, Liu JH, Chen SJ, Chiou SH. Delivery of Oct4 and SirT1 with cationic polyurethanes-short branch PEI to aged retinal pigment epithelium. Biomaterials 2011; 32:9077-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2011] [Accepted: 08/04/2011] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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23
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Yang YP, Chien Y, Chiou GY, Cherng JY, Wang ML, Lo WL, Chang YL, Huang PI, Chen YW, Shih YH, Chen MT, Chiou SH. Inhibition of cancer stem cell-like properties and reduced chemoradioresistance of glioblastoma using microRNA145 with cationic polyurethane-short branch PEI. Biomaterials 2011; 33:1462-76. [PMID: 22098779 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.10.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2011] [Accepted: 10/26/2011] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastomas (GBMs) are the most common primary brain tumors with poor prognosis. CD133 has been considered a putative marker of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in malignant cancers, including GBMs. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), highly conserved small RNA molecules, may target oncogenes and have potential as a therapeutic strategy against cancer. However, the role of miRNAs in GBM-associated CSCs remains mostly unclear. In this study, our miRNA/mRNA-microarray and RT-PCR analysis showed that the expression of miR145 (a tumor-suppressive miRNA) is inversely correlated with the levels of Oct4 and Sox2 in GBM-CD133(+) cells and malignant glioma specimens. We demonstrated that miR145 negatively regulates GBM tumorigenesis by targeting Oct4 and Sox2 in GBM-CD133(+). Using polyurethane-short branch polyethylenimine (PU-PEI) as a therapeutic-delivery vehicle, PU-PEI-mediated miR145 delivery to GBM-CD133(+) significantly inhibited their tumorigenic and CSC-like abilities and facilitated their differentiation into CD133(-)-non-CSCs. Furthermore, PU-PEI-miR145-treated GBM-CD133(+) effectively suppressed the expression of drug-resistance and anti-apoptotic genes and increased the sensitivity of the cells to radiation and temozolomide. Finally, the in vivo delivery of PU-PEI-miR145 alone significantly suppressed tumorigenesis with stemness, and synergistically improved the survival rate when used in combination with radiotherapy and temozolomide in orthotopic GBM-CD133(+)-transplanted immunocompromised mice. Therefore, PU-PEI-miR145 is a novel therapeutic approach for malignant brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ping Yang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Huang PI, Chen YC, Chen LH, Juan CC, Ku HH, Wang ST, Chiou SH, Chiou GY, Chi CW, Hsu CC, Lee HC, Chen LK, Kao CL. PGC-1α mediates differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells to brown adipose cells. J Atheroscler Thromb 2011; 18:966-80. [PMID: 21817823 DOI: 10.5551/jat.7401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a multipotent cell type that can differentiate into non-hematopoietic cells, such as adipocytes. Adipocyte tissue is central to the regulation of energy balance. Two functionally different types of fat are present in mammals. White adipose tissue is the primary site for triglyceride storage, while brown adipose tissue is specialized in energy expenditure. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α) controls several aspects of mitochondrial biogenesis. In this study, we hypothesized that PGC-1α plays a role in brown fat differentiation of MSCs. METHODS Immortalized human MSCs were infected with adenovirus carrying PGC-1α cDNA to create PGC-1α-expressing MSCs. RESULTS The genetic profiling of PGC-1α-expressing MSCs shows the significant increase of genes related to mitochondrial functions and lipid metabolism compared to that of MSCs. When expressed in MSCs, PGC-1α activates robust mitochondrial biogenesis and respiration. The increase of oxygen consumption and reactive oxygen species represents a cellular readout of increased activity of the respiratory chain. The expression of thermogenic markers, such as cytochrome C and complex II, was significantly increased in MSCs with treatment of adenovirus expressing PGC-1α. Moreover, PGC-1α markedly inhibited the osteogenesis of MSCs under osteogenic induction. During adipogenesis, PGC-1α-expressing MSCs showed a significant increase in brown fat markers and a decrease in white fat markers. Notably, PGC-1α knockdown inhibited adipocyte differentiation of MSCs. CONCLUSIONS In summary, our data reveal an important role of PGC-1α in promoting brown fat differentiation of MSCs, and provide a new therapeutic approach for the treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pin-I Huang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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25
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Tsai KL, Chen LH, Chiou SH, Chiou GY, Chen YC, Chou HY, Chen LK, Chen HY, Chiu TH, Tsai CS, Ou HC, Kao CL. Coenzyme Q10 suppresses oxLDL-induced endothelial oxidative injuries by the modulation of LOX-1-mediated ROS generation via the AMPK/PKC/NADPH oxidase signaling pathway. Mol Nutr Food Res 2011; 55 Suppl 2:S227-40. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201100147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2011] [Revised: 05/28/2011] [Accepted: 06/14/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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26
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Tsai KL, Huang YH, Kao CL, Yang DM, Lee HC, Chou HY, Chen YC, Chiou GY, Chen LH, Yang YP, Chiu TH, Tsai CS, Ou HC, Chiou SH. A novel mechanism of coenzyme Q10 protects against human endothelial cells from oxidative stress-induced injury by modulating NO-related pathways. J Nutr Biochem 2011; 23:458-68. [PMID: 21684136 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2011.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2010] [Revised: 01/22/2011] [Accepted: 01/29/2011] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the vessel wall associated with oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL)-induced apoptosis of endothelial cells. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), a potent antioxidant and a critical intermediate of the electron transport chain, has been reported to inhibit LDL oxidation and thus the progression of atherosclerosis. However, its molecular mechanisms on endothelial cells remain still unclarified. METHODS In this study, primary human umbilical vein endothelial cell cultures treated with oxLDL were used to explore the protective effects of CoQ10. RESULTS Our results showed that CoQ10 attenuated the oxLDL-induced generation of reactive oxygen species and improved the antioxidant capacity. CoQ10 also attenuated the oxLDL-mediated down-regulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and up-regulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). In addition, CoQ10 suppressed oxLDL-activated NF-κB and downstream inflammatory mediators, including expression of adhesion molecules, release of proinflammatory cytokines and the adherence of monocytic THP-1 cells. Moreover, CoQ10 attenuated oxLDL-altered proapoptotic responses. The inhibitor of eNOS (L-NIO 10 μM) and iNOS (1400W 10 μM) as well as NO enhancer (SNP 10 μM) were used to clean up the mechanism. CONCLUSION These results provide new insight into the possible molecular mechanisms by which CoQ10 protects against atherogenesis by NO-related pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Ling Tsai
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Yu CC, Chen YW, Chiou GY, Tsai LL, Huang PI, Chang CY, Tseng LM, Chiou SH, Yen SH, Chou MY, Chu PY, Lo WL. MicroRNA let-7a represses chemoresistance and tumourigenicity in head and neck cancer via stem-like properties ablation. Oral Oncol 2011; 47:202-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2010.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2010] [Revised: 12/07/2010] [Accepted: 12/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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28
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Lo WL, Yu CC, Chiou GY, Chen YW, Huang PI, Chien CS, Tseng LM, Chu PY, Lu KH, Chang KW, Kao SY, Chiou SH. MicroRNA-200c attenuates tumour growth and metastasis of presumptive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma stem cells. J Pathol 2011; 223:482-95. [PMID: 21294122 DOI: 10.1002/path.2826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2010] [Revised: 11/17/2010] [Accepted: 11/18/2010] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNA-200c (miR200c) is emerging as an important regulator of tumourigenicity and cancer metastasis with a strong capacity for inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transitions. However, the role of miR200c in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and HNSCC-associated cancer stem cells (HNSCC-CSCs) is unknown. In this study, the expression of miR200c in the regional metastatic lymph node of HNSCC tissues was significantly decreased, but BMI1 expression was increased as compared to parental tumours. Importantly, site-directed mutagenesis with a luciferase reporter assay showed that miR200c targeted the 3' UTR of BMI1 in HNSCC cells. Isolated HNSCC-derived ALDH1(+) /CD44(+) cells displayed CSC-like tumour initiating and radio-resistant properties. The expression levels of miR200c were significantly down-regulated while BMI1 was increased in HNSCC-ALDH1(+) /CD44(+) compared to the other subsets of HNSCC cells. Furthermore, increased miR200c expression or knockdown of BMI1 could significantly inhibit the malignant CSC-like properties of ALDH1(+) /CD44(+) cells. miR200c over-expression further down-regulated the expressions of ZEB1, Snail and N-cadherin, but up-regulated E-cadherin expression in ALDH1(+) /CD44(+) cells. Finally, a xenotransplantion study confirmed that over-expression of miR200c or BMI1 knockdown effectively inhibited the lung metastatic ability and prolonged the survival rate of ALDH1(+) /CD44(+) -transplanted mice. In summary, miR200c negatively modulates the expression of BMI1 but also significantly inhibits the metastatic capability of epithelial-mesenchymal transitions in malignant HNSCC by reducing the expression of BMI1/ZEB1. Restoration of miR200c in HNSCC and CSCs may be a promising therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Liang Lo
- Department of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Chen LH, Chiou GY, Chen YW, Li HY, Chiou SH. MicroRNA and aging: a novel modulator in regulating the aging network. Ageing Res Rev 2010; 9 Suppl 1:S59-66. [PMID: 20708718 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2010.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2010] [Accepted: 07/29/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
miRNAs are a group of noncoding small RNA that are capable of modulating the expression of hundreds of genes via a near-perfect or partial complementary to target mRNA. The ability to regulate multiple targets simultaneously makes miRNA a crucial regulator in many physiological conditions, especially in the aging network and process. The tremendous capability of miRNA supports its ability in regulating ageing, which is a complex process involving multiple interconnected signaling pathways. Even though the relationship between miRNA and ageing is not fully understood, studies have provided evidence showing that miRNAs participate in regulating cell cycle progression, proliferation, stemness gene expression, and stress-induced responses. Molecular studies of ageing and miRNAs would provide a more comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms of ageing and, subsequently, help to ameliorate this universal process compromising our quality of life. In this review article, we focus our attention on miRNA targets in conserved pathways involved in organism aging and aging networks, as well as cellular senescence.
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Yu CC, Chiou GY, Lee YY, Chang YL, Huang PI, Cheng YW, Tai LK, Ku HH, Chiou SH, Wong TT. Medulloblastoma-derived tumor stem-like cells acquired resistance to TRAIL-induced apoptosis and radiosensitivity. Childs Nerv Syst 2010; 26:897-904. [PMID: 20179950 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-010-1087-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2009] [Accepted: 01/21/2010] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTS Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most malignant primary brain tumor in early childhood that contains cellular and functional heterogeneity. Recent evidence has demonstrated that the tumor stem cells (TSC) may explain the radiochemoresistance of brain tumors, including MB. The aim of the present study is to investigate the possible role of TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) in viability and tumorigenicity of MB cells and MB-derived TSC. METHODS MB-associated TSC were isolated and cultured by serum-free medium with bFGF and EGF. The parental MB cells and MB-TSC cells were treated with TRAIL in different concentrations and assessed for cell viability, invasion ability, colony forming ability, and radiotherapy effect. RESULTS We enrich a subpopulation of MB-TSC cells using tumor spheroid formation approach. MB-TSC display enhanced self-renewal and highly expressed "stemness" genes (CD133, Sox-2, Bmi1, Nestin). Additionally, MB-TSC showed significant resistance to TRAIL-induced apoptosis and radiosensitivity compared to the parental MB cells due antiapoptotic gene (c-FLIP, Caspase 8, Bcl-2, and Bax) upregulation. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that MB-TSC are resistant to TRAIL-induced apoptosis and tumorigenic properties. Understanding the molecular mechanisms by which to operate the physiological characteristics in MB-TSC cells offers attractive approach for MB treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Chia Yu
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Chen YC, Chang CJ, Hsu HS, Chen YW, Tai LK, Tseng LM, Chiou GY, Chang SC, Kao SY, Chiou SH, Lo WL. Inhibition of tumorigenicity and enhancement of radiochemosensitivity in head and neck squamous cell cancer-derived ALDH1-positive cells by knockdown of Bmi-1. Oral Oncol 2009; 46:158-65. [PMID: 20036608 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2009.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2009] [Revised: 11/17/2009] [Accepted: 11/17/2009] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Bmi-1, a member of the Polycomb family of transcriptional repressors, is essential for maintaining the self-renewal abilities of adult stem cells. Bmi-1 has been demonstrated to play a role in tumorigenesis in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs). A recent study has further suggested that ALDH1 may be considered to be a putative marker for HNSCC-derived cancer stem cells. However, the role that Bmi-1 plays in HNSCC-derived ALDH1-positive cells (HNSCC-ALDH1(+)) has yet to be determined. In this study, we demonstrated that HNSCC-ALDH1(+) cells possess tumor initiating properties, are capable of self-renewal, and express higher levels of Bmi-1 as compared to HNSCC-ALDH1(-) cells. To further explore the functional role of Bmi-1 in HNSCC-ALDH1(+) cells, we used a lentiviral vector expressing shRNA to knock down Bmi-1 expression (sh-Bmi-1) in HNSCC-ALDH1(+) cells. Silencing of Bmi-1 significantly enhanced the sensitivity of HNSCC-ALDH1(+) cells to chemoradiation and increased the degree of chemoradiation-mediated apoptosis that occurred. Importantly, knockdown of Bmi-1 increased the effectiveness of radiotherapy and led to the inhibition of tumor growth in nude mice transplanted with HNSCC-ALDH1(+) cells. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis indicated that the mean survival rate of HNSCC-ALDH1(+) tumor-bearing immunocompromised mice treated with radiotherapy was significantly improved by treatment with sh-Bmi-1 as well. In summary, these results suggest that Bmi-1 is a potential target for increasing the sensitivity of HNSCC cancer stem cells to chemoradiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chih Chen
- Department of Medical Research and Education, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
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Abstract
The combined effect of prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2alpha) and cAMP on glucose transport in 3T3-L1 adipocytes was examined. In cells pretreated with PGF2alpha and 8-bromo cAMP for 8 h, a synergy between these two agents on glucose uptake was found. Insulin-stimulated glucose transport, on the other hand, was only slightly affected. The synergistic effect of these two agents was suppressed in the presence of cycloheximide and actinomycin D. In concord, immunoblot and Northern blot analyses revealed that GLUT1 protein and mRNA levels were both increased in cells pretreated with both PGF2alpha and 8-bromo cAMP, greater than the additive effect of each agent alone. The synergistic action of PGF2alpha with 8-bromo cAMP to enhance glucose transport was inhibited by GF109203X, a selective protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor. In addition, in cells depleted of diacylglycerol-sensitive PKC by prolonged treatment with 4beta-phorbol 12beta-myristate 13alpha-acetate, a PKC activator, the synergistic effects of PGF2alpha and 8-bromo cAMP on glucose transport and GLUT1 mRNA accumulation were both abolished. Taken together, these results indicate that PGF2alpha may act with cAMP in a synergistic way to increase glucose transport, probably through enhanced GLUT1 expression by a PKC-dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Yuh Chiou
- Institute of Biochemistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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