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Martínez-Hernández F, Gonzalez-Arenas NR, Cervantes JAO, Villalobos G, Olivo-Diaz A, Rendon-Franco E, Maravilla P, Valdovinos MR, Muñoz-Garcia CI. Identification of SARS-CoV-2 in urban rodents from Southern Mexico City at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2024; 66:e8. [PMID: 38324874 PMCID: PMC10846537 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-9946202466008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Currently, there are some concerns about the situation and, in particular, about the future of the COVID-19 pandemic and the new emerging variants of SARS-CoV-2. Rodents are an example of synanthropic animals in urban environments that harbor important zoonoses. Although the molecular identification of SARS-CoV-2 in Rattus norvegicus from New York City had been reported, in other studies, urban wild rodents infected with this virus have not been found. This study aimed to molecularly identify the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in urban wild rodents from Mexico City, trapped along a water channel of a public park as part of a pest control program, at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, during the fall and winter of 2020. Up to 33 Mus musculus and 52 R. norvegicus were captured and euthanized, large intestine samples with feces from the animals were obtained. RNAs were obtained and subjected to qRT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2 identification and threshold cycle (Ct) values were obtained. Four mice (12.1%) and three rats (5.8%) were positive, three rodents exhibited Ct<30. Our results on the frequency of SARS-CoV-2 in urban rats are in line with other previous reports. Thus, similar to other authors, we suggest that surveillance for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in urban wild rodents, as sentinel animals, should be maintained.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - José Antonio Ocampo Cervantes
- Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas y Acuícolas de Cuemanco, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Guiehdani Villalobos
- Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | | | - Emilio Rendon-Franco
- Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Pablo Maravilla
- Hospital General “Dr. Manuel Gea González”, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Mirza Romero Valdovinos
- Hospital General “Dr. Manuel Gea González”, Departamento de Biología Molecular e Histocompatibilidad, Laboratorio de Patógenos Emergentes, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Claudia Irais Muñoz-Garcia
- Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal, Ciudad de México, Mexico
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2
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Martinez-Hernandez F, Sanchez-Aguillon F, Martinez-Ocaña J, Gonzalez-Arenas NR, Romero-Valdovinos M, Lopez-Escamilla E, Maravilla P, Villalobos G. Genetic Variability of the Internal Transcribed Spacer and Pyruvate:Ferredoxin Oxidoreductase Partial Gene of Trichomonas vaginalis from Female Patients. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2240. [PMID: 37764084 PMCID: PMC10537638 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11092240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we evaluated the genetic variability of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and the pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase (pfor) A gene of Trichomonas vaginalis from female patients and its possible implications in the host-parasite relationship. Phylogenetic and genetics of populations analyses were performed by analyzing sequences of the ITS region and partial pfor A gene of clinical samples with T. vaginalis, as previously documented. Alignments of protein sequences and prediction of three-dimensional structure were also performed. Although no correlation between the main clinical characteristics of the samples and the results of phylogeny was found, a median-joining analysis of ITS haplotypes showed two main clusters. Also, pfor A, due to its phylogenetic divergence, could be used as a marker to confirm the genus and species of trichomonads. Alignment of protein sequences and prediction of three-dimensional structure showed that PFOR A had a highly conserved structure with two synonymous mutations in the PFOR domain, substituting a V for a G or a S for a P. Our results suggest that the role of genetic variability of PFOR and ITS may not be significant in the symptomatology of this pathogen; however, their utility as genus and species markers in trichomonads is promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Martinez-Hernandez
- Departamento de Ecologia de Agentes Patogenos, Hospital General “Dr. Manuel Gea Gonzalez”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (F.M.-H.); (J.M.-O.); (N.R.G.-A.); (E.L.-E.)
| | - Fabiola Sanchez-Aguillon
- Laboratorio de Investigación del Departamento de Biologia Molecular e Histocompatibilidad, Hospital General “Dr. Manuel Gea Gonzalez”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Joel Martinez-Ocaña
- Departamento de Ecologia de Agentes Patogenos, Hospital General “Dr. Manuel Gea Gonzalez”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (F.M.-H.); (J.M.-O.); (N.R.G.-A.); (E.L.-E.)
| | - Nelly Raquel Gonzalez-Arenas
- Departamento de Ecologia de Agentes Patogenos, Hospital General “Dr. Manuel Gea Gonzalez”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (F.M.-H.); (J.M.-O.); (N.R.G.-A.); (E.L.-E.)
| | - Mirza Romero-Valdovinos
- Laboratorio de Patogenos Emergentes, Departamento de Biologia Molecular e Histocompatibilidad, Hospital General “Dr. Manuel Gea Gonzalez”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Eduardo Lopez-Escamilla
- Departamento de Ecologia de Agentes Patogenos, Hospital General “Dr. Manuel Gea Gonzalez”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (F.M.-H.); (J.M.-O.); (N.R.G.-A.); (E.L.-E.)
| | - Pablo Maravilla
- Departamento de Ecologia de Agentes Patogenos, Hospital General “Dr. Manuel Gea Gonzalez”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (F.M.-H.); (J.M.-O.); (N.R.G.-A.); (E.L.-E.)
| | - Guiehdani Villalobos
- Departamento de Ecologia de Agentes Patogenos, Hospital General “Dr. Manuel Gea Gonzalez”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (F.M.-H.); (J.M.-O.); (N.R.G.-A.); (E.L.-E.)
- Laboratorio de Biologia Molecular del Departamento de Produccion Agricola y Animal, Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana, Mexico City 04960, Mexico
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3
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Martínez-Hernández F, Villalobos G, Montañez-Valdez OD, Martínez-Ibarra JA. A New Record of the Introduced Species Triatoma infestans (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) in Mexico. J Med Entomol 2022; 59:2150-2157. [PMID: 35716079 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjac078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Here, we report a new record of Triatoma infestans (Klug) in Mexico after 50 years and provide a brief description of the discovery area. Fifty-nine specimens (71.2% adults) of the introduced species were collected from the peridomestic areas of a single house in the port of Manzanillo in the state of Colima, Mexico. Thirty-one specimens (52.5%) were collected from the exterior walls of the house and were apparently attracted to light. The other specimens (47.5%) were associated with chickens. No specimen was infected with Trypanosoma cruzi Chagas, the causative agent of Chagas disease, possibly because they were feeding on chickens. We speculate that the introduced species travelled from South America to Mexico via seed shipment in a twenty-foot equivalent unit (TEU) maritime container. Because Mexican phytosanitary regulations demand only the cargo to be inspected, the triatomines could have escaped notice during inspection. Subsequently, as the cargo was unloaded and the TEU was stored, the triatomines likely flew to and invaded the nearby residential areas. The rediscovery of this domestic vector of T. cruzi in Mexico warrants further investigation owing to the potential risk of transmission to the inhabitants of the study area.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Martínez-Hernández
- Departamento de Ecología de Agentes Patógenos, Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea González, C.P. 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - G Villalobos
- Departamento de Ecología de Agentes Patógenos, Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea González, C.P. 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - O D Montañez-Valdez
- Cuerpo Académico de Cuencas, Humedales y Sustentabilidad, Departamento de Ciencias de la Naturaleza, Centro Universitario del Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Enrique Arreola Silva 883, 49000, Ciudad Guzmán, Jalisco, México
- Laboratorio de Entomología Médica, Departamento de Ciencias de la Naturaleza, Centro Universitario del Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Enrique Arreola Silva 883, 49000 Ciudad Guzmán, Jalisco, México
| | - J A Martínez-Ibarra
- Cuerpo Académico de Cuencas, Humedales y Sustentabilidad, Departamento de Ciencias de la Naturaleza, Centro Universitario del Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Enrique Arreola Silva 883, 49000, Ciudad Guzmán, Jalisco, México
- Laboratorio de Entomología Médica, Departamento de Ciencias de la Naturaleza, Centro Universitario del Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Enrique Arreola Silva 883, 49000 Ciudad Guzmán, Jalisco, México
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4
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Villalobos G, Sanchez-Aguillon F, Carmona-Maldonado MV, Gonzalez-Arenas NR, Lopez-Escamilla E, Hernandez-Castro R, Romero-Valdovinos M, Martinez-Flores WA, Ramirez-Hinojosa JP, Maravilla P, Martinez-Hernandez F. Unexpected Presence of Blastocystis Subtype 1-3 DNA in Human Vaginal and Sperm Samples Coinfected with Trichomonas vaginalis. Korean J Parasitol 2022; 60:195-200. [PMID: 35772738 PMCID: PMC9256282 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2022.60.3.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
There have been few reports on extra-enteric infections by <i>Blastocystis</i> STs and none have been molecularly identified in samples from human reproductive organs. We report for the first time the identification of 3 different subtypes of <i>Blastocystis</i> (ST1-3) in vaginal and sperm samples, from patients infected with <i>Trichomonas vaginalis</i>. <i>Blastocystis</i> STs were identified by PCR-sequencing and by phylogenetic inferences using 28 vaginal swab samples and 7 sperm samples from patients trichomoniasis. <i>Blastocystis</i> STs were identified in 6 of 28 vaginal swabs (21.4%) and in 3 of 7 sperm samples (42.8%). In both biological samples, STs 1-3 were found; one vaginal sample showed subtype co-infection with ST1 and ST3. High genetic variation was observed in the sequences obtained and no specific clustering in the phylogenetic trees was detected. Most of the haplotypes identified were placed far from the main dispersal centers. Our finding suggested that incorrect cleaning of the genital area or a contamination by combination of anal and vaginal intercourse.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Pablo Maravilla
- Hospital General “Dr. Manuel Gea Gonzalez”, Mexico City 14080,
Mexico
- Corresponding authors (; )
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5
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Martínez-Hernández F, Villalobos G, Montañez-Valdez OD, Martínez-Ibarra JA. New finding of peridomestic Triatoma infestans (Klug, 1834) (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) in Mexico: Molecular approach using cytochrome B and cytochrome oxidase I. Infect Genet Evol 2022; 97:105187. [PMID: 34920101 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2021.105187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
A previous work morphologically identified some specimens colonizing peridomestic sites of Manzanillo Colima, Mexico, as Triatoma infestans (Klug). In the present study, a molecular approach using cytochrome B and cytochrome oxidase I was implemented for the genetic identification and determination of the origin of that population. Phylogenetic analyses positively identified our studied specimens as belonging to the T. infestans clade based on genetic markers with high posterior probability values, and the haplotype network showed Uruguay, Chile and Argentina as probable countries of origin of the populations in Mexico, which was supported by gene flow and migration index analyses. Due to the proximity of the port of Manzanillo to the collection sites, the introduced specimens were hypothesized to have travelled from the countries of origin to Mexico in a seed shipment inside a TEU (twenty-foot equivalent unit) maritime container. The identification of T. infestans in Mexico represents a serious health problem, and the findings presented here indicate a novel pathway for displacing this vector with the possibility of transmission to any other part of the world, which should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Martínez-Hernández
- Departamento de Ecología de Agentes Patógenos, Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea González, C.P. 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Guiehdani Villalobos
- Departamento de Ecología de Agentes Patógenos, Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea González, C.P. 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Oziel Dante Montañez-Valdez
- Cuerpo Académico de Cuencas, Humedales y Sustentabilidad Cuerpo, Departamento de Ciencias de la Naturaleza, Centro Universitario del Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Enrique Arreola Silva 883, 49000 Ciudad Guzmán, Jalisco, Mexico; Laboratorio de Entomología Médica, Centro Universitario del Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Enrique Arreola Silva 883, 49000 Ciudad Guzmán, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - José Alejandro Martínez-Ibarra
- Cuerpo Académico de Cuencas, Humedales y Sustentabilidad Cuerpo, Departamento de Ciencias de la Naturaleza, Centro Universitario del Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Enrique Arreola Silva 883, 49000 Ciudad Guzmán, Jalisco, Mexico; Laboratorio de Entomología Médica, Centro Universitario del Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Enrique Arreola Silva 883, 49000 Ciudad Guzmán, Jalisco, Mexico.
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6
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Martínez-Hernández F, Isaak-Delgado AB, Alfonso-Toledo JA, Muñoz-García CI, Villalobos G, Aréchiga-Ceballos N, Rendón-Franco E. Assessing the SARS-CoV-2 threat to wildlife: Potential risk to a broad range of mammals. Perspect Ecol Conserv 2020; 18:223-234. [PMID: 33043253 PMCID: PMC7534737 DOI: 10.1016/j.pecon.2020.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can infect animals, however, the whole range of potential hosts is still unknown. This work makes an assessment of wildlife susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 by analyzing the similarities of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) and Transmembrane Protease, Serine 2 (TMPRSS2)—both recognized as receptors and protease for coronavirus spike protein—and the genetic variation of the viral protein spike in the recognition sites. The sequences from different mammals, birds, reptiles, and amphibians, and the sequence from SARS-CoV-2 S protein were obtained from the GenBank. Comparisons of aligned sequences were made by selecting amino acids residues of ACE2, TMPRSS2 and S protein; phylogenetic trees were reconstructed using the same sequences. The species susceptibility was ranked by substituting the values of amino acid residues for both proteins. Our results ranked primates at the top, but surprisingly, just below are carnivores, cetaceans and wild rodents, showing a relatively high potential risk, as opposed to lab rodents that are typically mammals at lower risk. Most of the sequences from birds, reptiles and amphibians occupied the lowest ranges in the analyses. Models and phylogenetic trees outputs showed the species that are more prone to getting infected with SARS-CoV-2. Interestingly, during this short pandemic period, a high haplotypic variation was observed in the RBD of the viral S protein, suggesting new risks for other hosts. Our findings are consistent with other published results reporting laboratory and natural infections in different species. Finally, urgent measures of wildlife monitoring are needed regarding SARS-CoV-2, as well as measures for avoiding or limiting human contact with wildlife, and precautionary measures to protect wildlife workers and researchers; monitoring disposal of waste and sewage than can potentially affect the environment, and designing protocols for dealing with the outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Martínez-Hernández
- Departamento de Ecología de Agentes Patógenos, Hospital General "Dr. Manuel Gea González", Calzada de Tlalpan #4800, Tlalpan, 14080 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ana Belem Isaak-Delgado
- Departamento de Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad #3000, Coyoacán, 04510 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jorge Alberto Alfonso-Toledo
- Unidad de Posgrado, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad #3000, Coyoacán, 04510 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Claudia Irais Muñoz-García
- Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Calzada del Hueso #1100, Col. Villa Quietud, Coyoacán, 04960 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Guiehdani Villalobos
- Departamento de Ecología de Agentes Patógenos, Hospital General "Dr. Manuel Gea González", Calzada de Tlalpan #4800, Tlalpan, 14080 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Nidia Aréchiga-Ceballos
- Laboratorio de Rabia, Instituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos, Francisco de P. Miranda 177, Lomas de Plateros, Álvaro Obregón, 01480 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Emilio Rendón-Franco
- Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Calzada del Hueso #1100, Col. Villa Quietud, Coyoacán, 04960 Mexico City, Mexico
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7
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Rodríguez-Cabo-Mercado R, Martínez-Hernández F, Aréchiga-Ceballos N, López-Díaz O, Muñoz-García CI, Aguilar-Setién A, Villalobos G, Villanueva-García C, Verdugo-Rodríguez A, Iturbe-Ramírez R, Rendón-Franco E. Canine distemper in neotropical procyonids: Molecular evidence, humoral immune response and epidemiology. Virus Res 2020; 290:198164. [PMID: 32949657 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2020.198164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Canine Distemper Virus (CDV) can produce a fatal multisystem disease in carnivores and other mammals and is an important threat for wildlife conservation. However, integrative and comparative studies in wild carnivores are scarce and some areas of the world lack of genetic studies. We explore the dynamic of host-CDV in a procyonid community during an outbreak. This study reports for the first time an index case occurred in a common raccoon (Procyon lotor) and for which a complete CDV diagnosis was performed. The long-term epidemiological analysis in two sympatric populations of common raccoons and white-nosed coatis (Nasua narica) was achieved through seroneutralization, RT-PCR and direct immunofluorescence assays. Additionally, hematologic analyses were performed and phylogenetic reconstruction of CDV was done using molecular data from this study. Overall prevalence for white-nosed coatis was 19.6 % and for common raccoons was 25.3 % by seroneutralization, and 13.3 % and 17.3 % by RT-PCR. Antibodies titer average for white-nosed coatis was 1:512 and 1:156 for common raccoons. Significant difference in prevalence between white-nosed coatis and common raccoons was detected during one season (summer 2013). White-nosed coatis showed differences in erythrocytes and monocytes counts between positives and negative animals. A 100 % similarity was found between CDV of white-nosed coati and CDV of common raccoon and is a new CDV sequence not previously described; this sequence is close to Asian and European lineage. An endemic state of distemper in both species was observed but showed different dynamics over time per host species. Differences in cellular and humoral responses were also detected between procyonids. The evidence found here may have serious implications for CDV understanding in wild carnivores, it reveals clear differences in the response over time to the same CDV strain, in two close related carnivore species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fernando Martínez-Hernández
- Departamento de Ecología de Agentes Patógenos, Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea González, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Nidia Aréchiga-Ceballos
- Laboratorio de Rabia. Departamento de Virología, Instituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Osvaldo López-Díaz
- Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Unidad Xochimilco, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Claudia Irais Muñoz-García
- Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Unidad Xochimilco, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alvaro Aguilar-Setién
- Centro Médico Nacional siglo XXI Instituto Mexicano de Seguro Social Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Guiehdani Villalobos
- Departamento de Ecología de Agentes Patógenos, Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea González, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Claudia Villanueva-García
- División Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, Laboratorio de Ecología del Paisaje y Cambio Global, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco, Mexico
| | - Antonio Verdugo-Rodríguez
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Raymundo Iturbe-Ramírez
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Emilio Rendón-Franco
- Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Unidad Xochimilco, Mexico City, Mexico.
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8
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Rengifo‐Correa L, Abad‐Franch F, Martínez‐Hernández F, Salazar‐Schettino PM, Téllez‐Rendón JL, Villalobos G, Morrone JJ. A biogeographic–ecological approach to disentangle reticulate evolution in the
Triatoma phyllosoma
species group (Heteroptera: Triatominae), vectors of Chagas disease. J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jzs.12409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Rengifo‐Correa
- Departamento de Biología Evolutiva Facultad de Ciencias Museo de Zoología ‘Alfonso L. Herrera’Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Mexico City Mexico
| | - Fernando Abad‐Franch
- Programa de Pós‐graduação em Medicina Tropical Núcleo de Medicina Tropical Facultade Medicina Universidade de Brasília Brasília Brazil
| | | | - Paz M. Salazar‐Schettino
- Laboratorio de Biología de Parásitos Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología Facultad de Medicina Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Mexico City Mexico
| | | | - Guiehdani Villalobos
- Departamento de Ecología de Agentes Patógenos Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea González Mexico City Mexico
| | - Juan J. Morrone
- Departamento de Biología Evolutiva Facultad de Ciencias Museo de Zoología ‘Alfonso L. Herrera’Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Mexico City Mexico
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9
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Isaak-Delgado AB, López-Díaz O, Romero-Callejas E, Martínez-Hernández F, Muñoz-García CI, Villalobos G, Rendón-Franco E. Morphological and molecular characteristics of hemoparasites in vaillant's frogs (Lithobates vaillanti). Parasitol Res 2020; 119:1891-1901. [PMID: 32382990 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-020-06689-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Amphibian populations are declining around the world, and the main reasons are the environmental changes and pathogens. However, there are few studies addressing the interaction and impact of the different pathogens that affect amphibians, such as hemoparasites. These parasites had been described as common in some amphibian species, but unfortunately, their description and characterization are unclear and scarcely spread. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the morphological and molecular characterization of hemoparasites present in vaillant's frogs. Seven frogs of Lithobates vaillanti were captured at the biological station La Florida in Tabasco, Mexico. Blood smears were performed, and results show that 100% of the animals have hemoparasites. Three types of hemoparasites were found. Eighty-five percent of the frogs were positive to Hepatozoon sp., 57% to Lankesterella sp., and 28% to Trypanosoma sp. According to the molecular analysis of the obtained sequences of Trypanosoma sp. and Hepatozoon sp., both protozoans were positioned in between the clusters of parasites of different geographical regions. Nevertheless, no species names were assigned to any of these parasites because more sequences and analysis are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Belem Isaak-Delgado
- Departamento de Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Osvaldo López-Díaz
- Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Unidad Xochimilco, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Evangelina Romero-Callejas
- Departamento de Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | | | - Claudia I Muñoz-García
- Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Unidad Xochimilco, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Guiehdani Villalobos
- Departamento de Agentes Patógenos, Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea González, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico.
| | - Emilio Rendón-Franco
- Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Unidad Xochimilco, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico.
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10
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Martinez-Hernandez F, Martinez-Ibarra JA, Lopez-Escamilla E, Villanueva-Garcia C, Muñoz-Garcia CI, Rendon-Franco E, Maravilla P, Villalobos G. Molecular genotyping of Blastocystis spp. in wild mammals from Mexico. Parasitol Res 2019; 119:97-104. [PMID: 31735993 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-019-06530-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Blastocystis spp. are common intestinal parasites found worldwide in humans and a wide range of animals. They exhibit extensive genetic diversity; currently, 17 subtypes (STs) and some groups called non-mammalian and avian STs (NMASTs) have been proposed. In addition, a large variety of animals have been reported as hosts of the parasite, and new hosts and STs are still being described. In this study, Blastocystis infection of wild animals in two sylvatic areas of Mexico was surveyed. Of one hundred twenty-four fecal samples, six were positive for Blastocystis: specifically, one sample from an opossum, one sample from a bat, and four samples from different species of rodents. ST4, ST17, and nucleotide sequences similar to Blastocystis lapemi were identified based on SSU rDNA sequences. To our knowledge, this is the first report to investigate species poorly or not previously evaluated for Blastocystis infection. Mammals having different niches and geographical distribution were infected with similar genetic type of Blastocystis, so that we suggest that local water or food sources could play an important role in Blastocystis transmission and ST maintenance in wild animals. Additionally, there are STs with scarce genetic variation, suggesting that they could be highly adapted to their hosts. These data contribute to our understanding of the host range and genetic diversity of Blastocystis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Martinez-Hernandez
- Departamento de Ecología de Agentes Patógenos, Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea González, C.P. 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jose Alejandro Martinez-Ibarra
- Laboratorio de Entomología Médica, Centro Universitario del Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, C.P. 49000, Ciudad Guzmán, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Lopez-Escamilla
- Departamento de Ecología de Agentes Patógenos, Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea González, C.P. 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Claudia Villanueva-Garcia
- Laboratorio de Ecología del Paisaje y Cambio Global, Centro de Investigación para la Conservación y Aprovechamiento de Recursos Tropicales, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, C.P. 86150, Villahermosa, Tabasco, Mexico
| | - Claudia Irais Muñoz-Garcia
- Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Xochimilco, C.P. 04960, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Emilio Rendon-Franco
- Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Xochimilco, C.P. 04960, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Pablo Maravilla
- Departamento de Ecología de Agentes Patógenos, Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea González, C.P. 14080, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Guiehdani Villalobos
- Departamento de Ecología de Agentes Patógenos, Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea González, C.P. 14080, Mexico City, Mexico.
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11
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Rangel-Gamboa L, López-García L, Moreno-Sánchez F, Hoyo-Ulloa I, Vega-Mémije ME, Mendoza-Bazán N, Romero-Valdovinos M, Olivo-Díaz A, Villalobos G, Martínez-Hernández F. Trypanosoma cruzi infection associated with atypical clinical manifestation during the acute phase of the Chagas disease. Parasit Vectors 2019; 12:506. [PMID: 31666114 PMCID: PMC6822409 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-019-3766-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chagas disease (CD) is caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi and is transmitted by triatomine insects. Clinical manifestations vary according to the phase of the disease. Cutaneous manifestations are usually observed in the acute phase (chagoma and Romaña’s sign) or after reactivation of the chronic phase by immunosuppression; however, a disseminated infection in the acute phase without immunosuppression has not been reported for CD. Here, we report an unusual case of disseminated cutaneous infection during the acute phase of CD in a Mexican woman. Methods Evaluation of the patient included a complete clinical history, a physical exam, and an exhaustive evaluation by laboratory tests, including ELISA, Western blot and PCR. Results Skin biopsies of a 50-year-old female revealed intracellular parasites affecting the lower extremities with lymphangitic spread in both legs. The PCR tests evaluated biopsy samples obtained from the lesions and blood samples, which showed a positive diagnosis for T. cruzi. Partial sequencing of the small subunit ribosomal DNA correlated with the genetic variant DTU II; however, serological tests were negative. Conclusions We present a case of CD with disseminated skin lesions that was detected by PCR and showed negative serological results. In Mexico, an endemic CD area, there are no records of this type of manifestation, which demonstrates the ability of the parasite to initiate and maintain infections in atypical tissues .
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Rangel-Gamboa
- Departamento de Ecología de Agentes Patógenos, Hospital General "Dr. Manuel Gea González", Calzada de Tlalpan 4800, CP 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Lirio López-García
- Private Practice, Dermatología clínica, Lomas Altas, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Irma Hoyo-Ulloa
- Departamento de Infectología, Centro Médico ABC, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - María Elisa Vega-Mémije
- Departamento de Dermatopatología, Hospital General "Dr. Manuel Gea González", Calzada de Tlalpan 4800, CP 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Nancy Mendoza-Bazán
- Departamento de Ecología de Agentes Patógenos, Hospital General "Dr. Manuel Gea González", Calzada de Tlalpan 4800, CP 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mirza Romero-Valdovinos
- Departamento de Genética e Histocompatibilidad, Hospital General "Dr. Manuel Gea González", Calzada de Tlalpan 4800, CP 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Angélica Olivo-Díaz
- Departamento de Genética e Histocompatibilidad, Hospital General "Dr. Manuel Gea González", Calzada de Tlalpan 4800, CP 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Guiehdani Villalobos
- Departamento de Ecología de Agentes Patógenos, Hospital General "Dr. Manuel Gea González", Calzada de Tlalpan 4800, CP 14080, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Fernando Martínez-Hernández
- Departamento de Ecología de Agentes Patógenos, Hospital General "Dr. Manuel Gea González", Calzada de Tlalpan 4800, CP 14080, Mexico City, Mexico.
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12
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Villalobos G, Nava-Bolaños A, De Fuentes-Vicente JA, Téllez-Rendón JL, Huerta H, Martínez-Hernández F, Rocha-Ortega M, Gutiérrez-Cabrera AE, Ibarra-Cerdeña CN, Córdoba-Aguilar A. A reduction in ecological niche for Trypanosoma cruzi-infected triatomine bugs. Parasit Vectors 2019; 12:240. [PMID: 31097007 PMCID: PMC6524312 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-019-3489-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Theory predicts that parasites can affect and thus drive their hosts’ niche. Testing this prediction is key, especially for vector-borne diseases including Chagas disease. Here, we examined the niche use of seven triatomine species that occur in Mexico, based on whether they are infected or not with Trypanosoma cruzi, the vectors and causative parasites of Chagas disease, respectively. Presence data for seven species of triatomines (Triatoma barberi, T. dimidiata, T. longipennis, T. mazzottii, T. pallidipennis, T. phyllosoma and T. picturata) were used and divided into populations infected and not infected by T. cruzi. Species distribution models were generated with Maxent 3.3.3k. Using distribution models, niche analysis tests of amplitude and distance to centroids were carried out for infected vs non-infected populations within species. Results Infected populations of bugs of six out of the seven triatomine species showed a reduced ecological space compared to non-infected populations. In all but one case (T. pallidipennis), the niche used by infected populations was close to the niche centroid of its insect host. Conclusions Trypanosoma cruzi may have selected for a restricted niche amplitude in triatomines, although we are unaware of the underlying reasons. Possibly the fact that T. cruzi infection bears a fitness cost for triatomines is what narrows the niche breadth of the insects. Our results imply that Chagas control programmes should consider whether bugs are infected in models of triatomine distribution. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13071-019-3489-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiehdani Villalobos
- Hospital General "Dr. Manuel Gea González", Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico.,Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Angela Nava-Bolaños
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José A De Fuentes-Vicente
- Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico
| | - Juan Luis Téllez-Rendón
- Instituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Herón Huerta
- Instituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Maya Rocha-Ortega
- Hospital General "Dr. Manuel Gea González", Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ana E Gutiérrez-Cabrera
- CONACyT-Centro de Investigación sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Carlos N Ibarra-Cerdeña
- Departamento de Ecología Humana, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados del IPN (Cinvestav), Unidad Mérida, 97310, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Alex Córdoba-Aguilar
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.
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13
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Rendón-Franco E, López-Díaz O, Martínez-Hernández F, Villalobos G, Muñoz-García CI, Aréchiga-Ceballos N, Alfonso-Toledo JA, García Flores MM, Aguilar Setién A. Litomosoides sp. (Filarioidea: Onchocercidae) Infection in Frugivorous Bats ( Artibeus spp.): Pathological Features, Molecular Evidence, and Prevalence. Trop Med Infect Dis 2019; 4:E77. [PMID: 31083297 PMCID: PMC6631640 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed4020077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bats can host pathogenic organisms such as viruses and fungi, but little is known about the pathogenicity of their parasites. Hemoparasites are frequently recorded in Neotropical bats, particularly Litomosoides (Filarioidea: Onchocercidae), but their pathogenic effect on bats is scarcely known. In this work, Litomosoides microfilariae were identified in four (8%) out of 51 sampled frugivorous bats belonging to three different species: Artibeus aztecus, Artibeus jamaicensis, and Artibeus lituratus, which are located in Yautepec, Morelos, Mexico. Two infected animals showed weakness, tachypnoea, and ecchymosis on their wings. In these animals, histopathology revealed microfilariae in the blood vessels of the lung, liver, and spleen. Both animals presented exudative pneumonia with congestion and concomitant edema, in addition to moderate arterial hypertrophy. Parasitemia was quantified in blood samples of the infected animals (>3000 parasites/mL). Phylogenetic analysis placed the obtained sequence inside the Litomosoides genus, reaching over 98% identity to the related species. Due to the relevance of bats in ecosystems, any new record of their parasite repertoire offers noteworthy insights into our understanding of the ecology and impact of new parasite species in bats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio Rendón-Franco
- Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Xochimilco, Calzada del Hueso 1100, Col. Villa Quietud, Del. Coyoacán, Ciudad de México CP. 04960, Mexico.
| | - Osvaldo López-Díaz
- Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Xochimilco, Calzada del Hueso 1100, Col. Villa Quietud, Del. Coyoacán, Ciudad de México CP. 04960, Mexico.
| | - Fernando Martínez-Hernández
- Departamento de Ecología de Agentes Patógenos, Hospital General "Dr. Manuel Gea González", Calzada de Tlalpan # 4800, Del. Tlalpan, Ciudad de México CP. 14080, Mexico.
| | - Guiehdani Villalobos
- Departamento de Ecología de Agentes Patógenos, Hospital General "Dr. Manuel Gea González", Calzada de Tlalpan # 4800, Del. Tlalpan, Ciudad de México CP. 14080, Mexico.
| | - Claudia Irais Muñoz-García
- Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Xochimilco, Calzada del Hueso 1100, Col. Villa Quietud, Del. Coyoacán, Ciudad de México CP. 04960, Mexico.
| | - Nidia Aréchiga-Ceballos
- Laboratorio de Rabia, Instituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos, Francisco de P. Miranda 177, Colonia Unidad Lomas de Plateros, Ciudad de México CP. 01480, Mexico.
| | - Jorge Alberto Alfonso-Toledo
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunología, Coordinación de Investigación Médica, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Av. Cuauhtémoc No. 330, Col. Doctores, UMAE Hospital de Pediatría, C.M.N. Siglo XXI, Ciudad de México CP. 06720, Mexico.
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Del. Coyoacán, Ciudad de México CP. 04510, Mexico.
| | - María Martha García Flores
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunología, Coordinación de Investigación Médica, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Av. Cuauhtémoc No. 330, Col. Doctores, UMAE Hospital de Pediatría, C.M.N. Siglo XXI, Ciudad de México CP. 06720, Mexico.
| | - Alvaro Aguilar Setién
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunología, Coordinación de Investigación Médica, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Av. Cuauhtémoc No. 330, Col. Doctores, UMAE Hospital de Pediatría, C.M.N. Siglo XXI, Ciudad de México CP. 06720, Mexico.
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14
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Martínez-Hernández F, Vega-Memije ME, Villalobos G, Perez-Rojas D, Asz-Sigall D, Rivas N, Alejandre R, Maravilla P, Valdovinos MR. Myiasis caused by Dermatobia hominis in Mexico: morphological and molecular identification using the cytochrome oxidase I gene. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2019; 61:e45. [PMID: 31531623 PMCID: PMC6746196 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-9946201961045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Myiasis caused by Dermatobia hominis , the human botfly, is frequent in the Americas, however, scarce morphological and molecular information exist regarding this dipteran. We describe three cases in urban areas of Mexico were D. hominis is not endemic. Morphological and genetic identification were performed using the cytochrome oxidase I as a molecular marker. The mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I gene is useful for inferring the genetic divergence of D. hominis .
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15
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Alarcon-Valdes P, Villalobos G, Martinez-Flores WA, Lopez-Escamilla E, Gonzalez-Arenas NR, Romero-Valdovinos M, Martinez-Hernandez F, Santillan-Benitez JG, Maravilla P. Can the pyruvate: ferredoxin oxidoreductase (PFOR) gene be used as an additional marker to discriminate among Blastocystis strains or subtypes? Parasit Vectors 2018; 11:564. [PMID: 30373630 PMCID: PMC6205798 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-018-3141-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blastocystis spp. are the most prevalent intestinal eukaryotes identified in humans, with at least 17 genetic subtypes (ST) based on genes coding for the small-subunit ribosomal RNA (18S). It has been argued that the 18S gene should not be the marker of choice to discriminate between STs of these strains because this marker exhibits high intra-genomic polymorphism. By contrast, pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase (PFOR) is a relevant enzyme involved in the core energy metabolism of many anaerobic microorganisms such as Blastocystis, which, in other protozoa, shows more polymorphisms than the 18S gene and thus may offer finer discrimination when trying to identify Blastocystis ST. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to assess the suitability of the PFOR gene as an additional marker to discriminate among Blastocystis strains or subtypes from symptomatic carrier children. METHODS Faecal samples from 192 children with gastrointestinal symptoms from the State of Mexico were submitted for coprological study. Twenty-one of these samples were positive only for Blastocystis spp.; these samples were analysed by PCR sequencing of regions of the 18S and PFOR genes. The amplicons were purified and sequenced; afterwards, both markers were assessed for genetic diversity. RESULTS The 18S analysis showed the following frequencies of Blastocystis subtypes: ST3 = 43%; ST1 = 38%; ST2 = 14%; and ST7 = 5%. Additionally, using subtype-specific primer sets, two samples showed mixed Blastocystis ST1 and ST2 infection. For PFOR, Bayesian inference revealed the presence of three clades (I-III); two of them grouped different ST samples, and one grouped six samples of ST3 (III). Nucleotide diversity (π) and haplotype polymorphism (θ) for the 18S analysis were similar for ST1 and ST2 (π = ~0.025 and θ = ~0.036); remarkably, ST3 showed almost 10-fold lower values. For PFOR, a similar trend was found: clade I and II had π = ~0.05 and θ = ~0.05, whereas for clade III, the values were almost 6-fold lower. CONCLUSIONS Although the fragment of the PFOR gene analysed in the present study did not allow discrimination between Blastocystis STs, this marker grouped the samples in three clades with strengthened support, suggesting that PFOR may be under different selective pressures and evolutionary histories than the 18S gene. Interestingly, the ST3 sequences showed lower variability with probable purifying selection in both markers, meaning that evolutionary forces drive differential processes among Blastocystis STs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Alarcon-Valdes
- Facultad de Quimica, Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Mexico (UAEMex), Paseo Colon esq. Paseo Tollocan, Toluca, Estado de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Guiehdani Villalobos
- Instituto de Ecologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM), 04510, Ciudad de Mexico, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | | | - Eduardo Lopez-Escamilla
- Hospital General "Dr. Manuel Gea Gonzalez", Calzada de Tlalpan 4800, Ciudad de Mexico, 14080, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Nelly Raquel Gonzalez-Arenas
- Hospital General "Dr. Manuel Gea Gonzalez", Calzada de Tlalpan 4800, Ciudad de Mexico, 14080, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Mirza Romero-Valdovinos
- Hospital General "Dr. Manuel Gea Gonzalez", Calzada de Tlalpan 4800, Ciudad de Mexico, 14080, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Fernando Martinez-Hernandez
- Hospital General "Dr. Manuel Gea Gonzalez", Calzada de Tlalpan 4800, Ciudad de Mexico, 14080, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico.
| | | | - Pablo Maravilla
- Hospital General "Dr. Manuel Gea Gonzalez", Calzada de Tlalpan 4800, Ciudad de Mexico, 14080, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico.
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16
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Toussaint-Caire S, Woroszylski-Yoselevitz A, Vega-Memije ME, Villalobos G, Rivas N, Alejandre-Aguilar R, Romero-Valdovinos M, Maravilla P, Martinez-Hernandez F. Imported and Autochthonous Cases of Myiasis Caused by Dermatobia hominis: Taxonomic Identification Using the Internal Transcribed Spacer Region. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2018; 99:940-944. [PMID: 30062994 PMCID: PMC6159586 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.18-0262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Dermatobia hominis is a fly endemic to and widely distributed throughout the Americas; it is found from the southern regions of Mexico to Argentina. However, because of widespread travel, myiasis has become common in countries where neither the disease nor the species that cause this infection are endemic. Central Mexico, for instance, is not a region where myiasis is endemic. We, thus, describe three cases of D. hominis myiasis: two autochthonous cases from the southern part of Mexico and one imported from Costa Rica. In addition, morphological and genetic identification was performed on the maggots extracted from the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Toussaint-Caire
- Departamento de Dermatopatologia, Hospital General "Dr. Manuel Gea Gonzalez", Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | | | - Maria Elisa Vega-Memije
- Departamento de Dermatopatologia, Hospital General "Dr. Manuel Gea Gonzalez", Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Guiehdani Villalobos
- Departamento de Ecologia de Agentes Patogenos, Hospital General "Dr. Manuel Gea Gonzalez", Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Nancy Rivas
- Laboratorio de Entomologia, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biologicas, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Ricardo Alejandre-Aguilar
- Laboratorio de Entomologia, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biologicas, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Mirza Romero-Valdovinos
- Departamento de Biologia Molecular e Histocompatibilidad, Hospital General "Dr. Manuel Gea Gonzalez", Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Pablo Maravilla
- Departamento de Ecologia de Agentes Patogenos, Hospital General "Dr. Manuel Gea Gonzalez", Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Fernando Martinez-Hernandez
- Departamento de Ecologia de Agentes Patogenos, Hospital General "Dr. Manuel Gea Gonzalez", Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
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17
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Ramírez S, Dominguez D, Villalobos G, Ortega J, Salmerón J. Alimentación de ovinos con heno de avena cosechado en dos etapas de madurez en el noroeste de Chihuahua, México. ARCH ZOOTEC 2018. [DOI: 10.21071/az.v67i259.3785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Manipular la variedad y la etapa de madurez al corte del heno de avena (Avena sativa L.), puede mejorar el valor nutricional del forraje y por tanto la respuesta productiva de los animales. Se evaluó el efecto de la alimentación de corderas con heno de tres variedades de avena, cosechadas en dos etapas de madurez. El estudio se llevó a cabo en el noroeste del estado de Chihuahua, México. La hipótesis fue que la avena cosechada en madurez fisiológica presenta mayor proporción de grano lo que mejora el valor nutritivo del forraje y la ganancia de peso en las corderas. Las variedades de avena evaluadas fueron Cuauhtémoc, Menonita y Bachíniva. Las avenas fueron cosechadas para heno en las etapas de grano lechoso-masoso (L-Masoso) y madurez fiológica (M-Fisiológica). Se usaron 72 corderas (21,2 ± 3,7 kg), que fueron agrupadas por peso y alimentadas ad libitum durante 63 d, con una ración compuesta de 65 % heno de avena y 35 % concentrado. El diseño fue en bloques completos al azar con arreglo factorial 3 x 2 entre variedad y etapas de madurez. La composición química de los forrajes fue similar entre las variedades de avena. No se observó efecto de variedad ni etapa de madurez sobre el comportamiento productivo de las corderas. El consumo de materia seca, la ganancia diaria de peso y la conversión alimenticia en L-Masoso y M-Fisiologica fueron 1,03 y 1,01 kg, 119 y 130 g, y 9,6 y 8,9 kg a-1 d-1, respectivamente. La falta de respuesta en los animales se atribuyó a la composición química similar que presentaron los forrajes. Aunque la avena cosechada en L-Masoso mejoró (P
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18
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Muñoz-García CI, López-Díaz O, Osorio-Sarabia D, Martínez-Hernández F, Villalobos G, Isaak-Delgado AB, Rendón-Franco E, Carreño-Cervantes A, Contreras-Patiño DR, Berriatua E, Pleite CMC. New insights into the clinico-histopathological and molecular features of Pelecitus (Filarioidea: Onchocercidae) from a raptor bird. Parasitol Res 2018; 117:3319-3325. [PMID: 30006807 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-018-6009-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Some Onchocercidae nematodes such as Pelecitus are parasites of medical and veterinary importance. The adult stage of Pelecitus has been reported infecting birds, and the microfilaria has been associated to human blindness. However, in some of these cases, the nematode was incompletely identified at the species level due to the scarcity of morphological taxonomic keys and, also, to the lack of molecular diagnostic analysis. Here, we report a new Pelecitus species in a crested caracara (Caracara cheriway) producing a severe tenosynovitis and microfilarial dermatitis. It is also the first record of Pelecitus in an American bird of prey. Clinical and histopathological features are described, contributing towards our understanding of the pathogenesis of Pelecitus and the health and conservation of wild bird populations. Our study also provides new information on the molecular diagnosis of this parasite and highlights the potential role of wild birds as Pelecitus reservoirs, and health risk for humans and wildlife.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia I Muñoz-García
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Campus Regional Internacional de Excelencia "Campus Mare Nostrum", Universidad de Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain. .,Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Calzada del Hueso 1100, Col. Villa Quietud, Del. Coyoacán, 04960, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Osvaldo López-Díaz
- Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Calzada del Hueso 1100, Col. Villa Quietud, Del. Coyoacán, 04960, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - David Osorio-Sarabia
- Escuela Colegio de Ciencias y Humanidades, Plantel Oriente, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Canal de San Juan S/N, Tepalcates, Del. Iztapalapa, 09210, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Fernando Martínez-Hernández
- Departamento de Ecología de Agentes Patógenos, Hospital General "Dr. Manuel Gea González", Calzada de Tlalpan no. 4800, Del. Tlalpan, 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Guiehdani Villalobos
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Del. Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ana B Isaak-Delgado
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Del. Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Emilio Rendón-Franco
- Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Calzada del Hueso 1100, Col. Villa Quietud, Del. Coyoacán, 04960, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Angélica Carreño-Cervantes
- Centro para la Conservación e Investigación de la Vida Silvestre, Secretaria de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales, Circuito Emiliano Zapata Norte El Pino, 56507, Los Reyes Acaquilpan, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Daniel R Contreras-Patiño
- Centro para la Conservación e Investigación de la Vida Silvestre, Secretaria de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales, Circuito Emiliano Zapata Norte El Pino, 56507, Los Reyes Acaquilpan, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Berriatua
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Campus Regional Internacional de Excelencia "Campus Mare Nostrum", Universidad de Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Carlos Martínez-Carrasco Pleite
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Campus Regional Internacional de Excelencia "Campus Mare Nostrum", Universidad de Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain
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Villanueva-Garcia C, Gordillo-Chavez EJ, Lopez-Escamilla E, Rendon-Franco E, Muñoz-Garcia CI, Gama L, Martinez-Flores WA, Gonzalez-Rodriguez N, Romero-Valdovinos M, Diaz-Lopez H, Galian J, Villalobos G, Maravilla P, Martinez-Hernandez F. Clarifying the Cryptic Host Specificity of Blastocystis spp. Isolates from Alouatta palliata and A. pigra Howler Monkeys. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0169637. [PMID: 28056072 PMCID: PMC5215913 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the presence of cryptic host specificity has been documented in Blastocystis, differences in infection rates and high genetic polymorphism within and between populations of some subtypes (ST) have impeded the clarification of the generalist or specialist specificity of this parasite. We assessed the genetic variability and host specificity of Blastocystis spp. in wild howler monkeys from two rainforest areas in the southeastern region of Mexico. Fecal samples of 225 Alouatta palliata (59) and A. pigra (166) monkeys, belonging to 16 sylvatic sites, were analyzed for infection with Blastocystis ST using a region of the small subunit rDNA (SSUrDNA) gene as a marker. Phylogenetic and genetic diversity analyses were performed according to the geographic areas where the monkeys were found. Blastocystis ST2 was the most abundant (91.9%), followed by ST1 and ST8 with 4.6% and 3.5%, respectively; no association between Blastocystis ST and Alouatta species was observed. SSUrDNA sequences in GenBank from human and non-human primates (NHP) were used as ST references and included in population analyses. The haplotype network trees exhibited different distributions: ST1 showed a generalist profile since several haplotypes from different animals were homogeneously distributed with few mutational changes. For ST2, a major dispersion center grouped the Mexican samples, and high mutational differences were observed between NHP. Furthermore, nucleotide and haplotype diversity values, as well as migration and genetic differentiation indexes, showed contrasting values for ST1 and ST2. These data suggest that ST1 populations are only minimally differentiated, while ST2 populations in humans are highly differentiated from those of NHP. The host generalist and specialist specificities exhibited by ST1 and ST2 Blastocystis populations indicate distinct adaptation processes. Because ST1 exhibits a generalist profile, this haplotype can be considered a metapopulation; in contrast, ST2 exists as a set of local populations with preferences for either humans or NHP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Villanueva-Garcia
- Departamento de Zoologia y Antropologia Fisica, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, España
- Departamento de Ecologia del Paisaje y Cambio Global, Centro de Investigacion para la Conservacion y Aprovechamiento de Recursos Tropicales, Universidad Juarez Autonoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco, Mexico
| | - Elias Jose Gordillo-Chavez
- Departamento de Ecologia del Paisaje y Cambio Global, Centro de Investigacion para la Conservacion y Aprovechamiento de Recursos Tropicales, Universidad Juarez Autonoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco, Mexico
| | | | - Emilio Rendon-Franco
- Departamento de Produccion Agricola y Animal, Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana, Unidad Xochimilco, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Claudia Irais Muñoz-Garcia
- Departamento de Produccion Agricola y Animal, Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana, Unidad Xochimilco, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Lilia Gama
- Departamento de Ecologia del Paisaje y Cambio Global, Centro de Investigacion para la Conservacion y Aprovechamiento de Recursos Tropicales, Universidad Juarez Autonoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco, Mexico
| | | | | | | | - Hilda Diaz-Lopez
- Departamento de Ecologia del Paisaje y Cambio Global, Centro de Investigacion para la Conservacion y Aprovechamiento de Recursos Tropicales, Universidad Juarez Autonoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco, Mexico
| | - Jose Galian
- Departamento de Zoologia y Antropologia Fisica, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, España
| | - Guiehdani Villalobos
- Departamento de Ecologia Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Pablo Maravilla
- Hospital General “Dr. Manuel Gea Gonzalez”, Secretaria de Salud, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
- * E-mail: (PM); (FMH)
| | - Fernando Martinez-Hernandez
- Hospital General “Dr. Manuel Gea Gonzalez”, Secretaria de Salud, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
- * E-mail: (PM); (FMH)
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Blum-Domínguez SDC, Martínez-Vázquez A, Núñez-Oreza LA, Martínez-Hernández F, Villalobos G, Tamay-Segovia P. [Diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis (DCL) and visceral leishmaniasis (VL) concurrent with cancer: Presentation of a case]. GAC MED MEX 2017; 153:121-124. [PMID: 28128815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Male of 52 year old with chronic alcoholism and ulcerated lesion on the face and disseminated nodular skin lesions, underwent to biopsy of ulcer edges where was observed a concomitant epidermoid malignancy with Leishmania (L.). Besides others, biopsies of nodule in the periumbilical region, lymph node and bone marrow were assayed, and all biopsies had abundant amastigotes. The amplified Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) products from nodule were sequenced and the alignment analysis demonstrated homology with L. mexicana confirming the infection by this parasite. This is considered the first case of visceral and diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis concurrent with epidermoid cancer in the state of Campeche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selene Del C Blum-Domínguez
- Laboratorio de Enfermedades Tropicales, Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Campeche, Campeche, Camp., México
| | - Alejandro Martínez-Vázquez
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital General de Especialidades Dr. Javier Buenfil Osorio, Campeche, Camp., México
| | - Luis A Núñez-Oreza
- Laboratorio de Microbiología, Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Campeche, Campeche, Camp., México
| | - Fernando Martínez-Hernández
- Departamento de Ecología y Agentes Patógenos, Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea González, Campeche, Camp., México
| | - Guiehdani Villalobos
- Departamento de Ecología y Agentes Patógenos, Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea González, Campeche, Camp., México
| | - Paulino Tamay-Segovia
- Laboratorio de Enfermedades Transmitidas por Vectores y Zoonosis, Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Campeche, Campeche, Camp., México
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Martínez-Hernández F, López-Díaz O, Bello-Bedoy R, Villalobos G, Muñoz-García CI, Alejandre-Aguilar R, Córdoba-Aguilar A, Gutiérrez-Cabrera AE, Suzán G, Villanueva-García C, Gama-Campillo LM, Díaz-Negrete MT, Rendón-Franco E. Possible Differences in the Effects of Trypanosoma cruzi on Blood Cells and Serum Protein of Two Wildlife Reservoirs. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2016; 16:709-716. [PMID: 27656956 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2016.1986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A key step in the dynamics of vector-borne diseases is the role of seasonality. Trypanosoma cruzi is a protozoan that causes Chagas disease. Some wild mammals are considered natural hosts, yet not all mammals show the same response to infection. We explored the effect of T. cruzi on blood parameters in two mammal carnivores, coati (Nasua narica) and raccoon (Procyon lotor), that were naturally infected in summer and winter seasons. The study was carried out in the Zoological Park "Parque Museo de la Venta," in Southeastern Mexico. Blood samples were collected in summer and winter from 2010 to 2013. Parasite infection was assessed by PCR from whole blood, and a complete hemogram was determined by traditional manual methods. We found that both species had the same T. cruzi I lineage. For coatis, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, and monocytes were dependent of season, while eosinophils and plasma proteins were significantly different, but with no season effect. For raccoon, erythrocytes, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, and monocytes were dependent of season. These results and a previous study that indicated interspecific differences in parasitemia in both species suggest that raccoon is a better reservoir than coati. Such a different interspecific response implies that animals do not contribute equally to maintain T. cruzi parasites in the ecosystem. Such inequality differs according to season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Martínez-Hernández
- 1 Departamento de Ecología de Agentes Patógenos, Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea González , México City, México
| | - Osvaldo López-Díaz
- 2 Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Xochimilco , México City, México
| | - Rafael Bello-Bedoy
- 3 Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California , Ensenada, México
| | - Guiehdani Villalobos
- 4 Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria , México City, México
| | - Claudia I Muñoz-García
- 2 Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Xochimilco , México City, México
| | - Ricardo Alejandre-Aguilar
- 5 Laboratorio de Entomología, Departamento de Parasitología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional , México City, México
| | - Alex Córdoba-Aguilar
- 4 Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria , México City, México
| | - Ana E Gutiérrez-Cabrera
- 6 CONACYT-Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública , Cuernavaca, México
| | - Gerardo Suzán
- 7 Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria , México City, México
| | - Claudia Villanueva-García
- 8 Laboratorio de Ecología del Paisaje y Cambio Global, División Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco , Villahermosa, México
| | - Lilia M Gama-Campillo
- 8 Laboratorio de Ecología del Paisaje y Cambio Global, División Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco , Villahermosa, México
| | - Mariela T Díaz-Negrete
- 9 Dirección General de Zoológicos y Vida Silvestre, Zoológico de Chapultepec , México City, México
| | - Emilio Rendón-Franco
- 2 Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Xochimilco , México City, México
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Villalobos G, Vega-Memije ME, Maravilla P, Martinez-Hernandez F. Myiasis caused by Dermatobia hominis: countries with increased risk for travelers going to neotropic areas. Int J Dermatol 2016; 55:1060-8. [PMID: 27126902 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.13302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Revised: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Here, we review the human botfly (Dermatobia hominis), which belongs to a group of Diptera generically known as "myiasis-causing flies," characterized by the ability of their larvae to develop in animal flesh. In addition to its medical and economic importance, there is an academic interest in this botfly because of its peculiar biology, particularly because a phoretic diptera is needed to complete the life cycle. The larvae penetrate the host's skin, causing furuncle-like lesions that are pruritic, painful, and resemble subcutaneous nodules, producing irreversible perforations in the skin. Although D. hominis is distributed from Mexico to Argentina, a review performed by our working group from 1999 to 2015 determined that the countries with the highest infection rates in travelers are Belize, Bolivia, and Brazil. Interestingly, infected men show a higher variation in the distribution of the lesions than in women. Many treatment schemes have been suggested, including the application of highly dense liquids to the lesion to cause anoxia in the D. hominis larvae. We showed, for the first time, a Bayesian inference between D. hominis and other myiasis-causing flies. The flies grouped into two main clusters according to their capacity to produce facultative and obligatory myiasis, and D. hominis was phylogenetically close to Cuterebra spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiehdani Villalobos
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico
| | | | - Pablo Maravilla
- Departamento de Ecologia de Agentes Patogenos, Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea Gonzalez, Mexico
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Ramírez S, Domínguez D, Salmerón J, Villalobos G, Ortega JA. Contreo en surco y etapa de madurez sobre la producción y calidad del forraje de variedades de avena. ARCH ZOOTEC 2015. [DOI: 10.21071/az.v64i247.405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
El déficit hídrico es uno de los principales factores que limitan la producción de forrajes en las zonas áridas y semiáridas del mundo. Nuestra hipótesis fue que el sistema de labranza de captación de agua surcos con contras (SCC), podría incrementar el rendimiento de forraje de avena (Avena sativa L.), y que cosechar el forraje en la etapa de madurez fisiológica mejora su calidad. Del año 2005 al 2007, se midió el efecto del sistema de siembra: surcos con contras (SCC) y la etapa de madurez al corte: grano lechoso masoso (LM) y madurez fisiológica (MF), sobre el rendimiento y calidad de forraje, de cinco variedades de avena, establecidas bajo condiciones de temporal, en el noroeste del estado de Chihuahua, México, El diseño fue parcelas sub-subdivididas en bloques completos al azar, la parcela grande fue el sistema de siembra, la mediana la etapa de madurez al corte, y la parcela chica la variedad, los sitios (n=14) fueron las repeticiones. La composición química y la materia seca digestible (MSD) del heno de avena fueron medidas, sin tomar en cuenta el efecto de sistema de siembra SCC. La producción de materia seca fue 8,7 % mayor (P0,05) con 9,50 y 9,20 %; la fibra detergente neutro varío (P
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Villalobos G, Orozco-Mosqueda GE, Lopez-Perez M, Lopez-Escamilla E, Córdoba-Aguilar A, Rangel-Gamboa L, Olivo-Diaz A, Romero-Valdovinos M, Maravilla P, Martinez-Hernandez F. Suitability of internal transcribed spacers (ITS) as markers for the population genetic structure of Blastocystis spp. Parasit Vectors 2014; 7:461. [PMID: 25274498 PMCID: PMC4203911 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-014-0461-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/26/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of this study was to assess the genetic variation and differentiation of Blastocystis subtypes (STs) recovered from symptomatic children by analysing partial sequences of the small subunit rDNA gene region (SSUrDNA) and internal transcribed spacers (1 and 2) plus the 5.8S region (ITS, ITS1 + 5.8S + ITS2) and comparing with isolates from other countries. Findings Faecal samples from 47 Blastocystis-infected children with gastrointestinal symptoms and negative for pathogenic enterobacteria were analysed. PCR was performed on DNA from all the samples to identify Blastocystis STs, amplifying a fragment of SSUrDNA and the ITS region. The amplicons were purified and sequenced, and consensus sequences were submitted to GenBank; afterwards, SSUrDNA sequences were analysed for genetic diversity according to geographic area. Regarding the Blastocystis STs found, 51% were ST1, 23% ST2, 19% ST3 and 2% ST7. For ITS, a haplotype network tree and Bayesian inference revealed the presence of two novel variants of ST1, clustering some sequences into ST1A and ST1B. The values of nucleotide diversity (π) and haplotype polymorphism (θ) for ST1, ST2 and ST3 ranged from 0 to 1, whereas the ratio of genetic differentiation (FST)/migration index (Nm) showed the highest differentiation between Libya and Thailand-Philippines for ST2 (0.282/0.63). In contrast, a high flow gene was observed between Czech Republic-Denmark-Holland-Spain and USA-Mexico-Colombia for ST1 (0.003/84). Conclusion Our data on genetic differentiation and gene flow might explain the differences for the prevalence of Blastocystis STs. Moreover, the ITS region could be used as a genetic marker to assess genetic variation in this parasite.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Pablo Maravilla
- Hospital General "Dr, Manuel Gea Gonzalez", Calzada de Tlalpan 4800, Mexico 14080, DF, Mexico.
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Martínez-Hernández F, Rendon-Franco E, Gama-Campillo LM, Villanueva-García C, Romero-Valdovinos M, Maravilla P, Alejandre-Aguilar R, Rivas N, Córdoba-Aguilar A, Muñoz-García CI, Villalobos G. Follow up of natural infection with Trypanosoma cruzi in two mammals species, Nasua narica and Procyon lotor (Carnivora: Procyonidae): evidence of infection control? Parasit Vectors 2014; 7:405. [PMID: 25174672 PMCID: PMC4161768 DOI: 10.1186/1756-3305-7-405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 08/23/2014] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background A large variety of mammals act as natural reservoirs of Trypanosoma cruzi (the causal agent of Chagas disease) across the American continent. Related issues are infection and parasite burden in these reservoirs, and whether they are able to control T. cruzi infections. These parameters can indicate the real role of mammals as T. cruzi reservoirs and transmitters. Here, two species of mammals, white-nosed coati (Nasua narica) and raccoon (Procyon lotor), were examined for to determine: a) T. cruzi presence, and; b) their ability to control T. cruzi infection. Methods Multiple capture-recaptures of both species were carried out in semi-wild conditions in Villahermosa, Tabasco, Mexico, for 5 years. Two samplings per year (summer and winter) took place. Prevalence and pattern of T. cruzi infection were determined by PCR from both mammals’ blood samples. Results Raccoon samples had a higher relative infection values (26.6%) compared to those of white-nosed coati (9.05%), being this difference significant in summer 2012 (P < 0.00001), summer (P = 0.03) and winter 2013 (P = 0.02). Capture and recapture data indicated three infection dynamics: 1) negative–positive-negative infection; 2) positive–negative-positive infection; and 3) positive at all sampling times. Conclusions These results indicate that both coati and raccoons may be able to control T. cruzi infection. Thus, the role as efficient reservoirs could be questioned (at least for those times when mammals are able to tolerate the infection). However, while infected, they may also be able to approach human dwellings and play a role important in linking sylvatic and domestic cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Claudia Irais Muñoz-García
- Departamento de Producción Agrícola y Animal, UAM-Unidad Xochimilco, Calzada del Hueso 1100, Col, Villa Quietud, Delegación Coyoacán, CP 04960, México.
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Villalobos G, Alejandre-Aguilar R, Martínez-Hernández F. Reduvius personatus (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) in a community of Oaxaca state, Mexico. J Vector Ecol 2013; 38:188-189. [PMID: 23701625 DOI: 10.1111/j.1948-7134.2013.12026.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Guiehdani Villalobos
- Laboratorio de Entomología, Depto. de Parasitología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, D. F., México
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Espinoza B, Martínez-Ibarra JA, Villalobos G, De La Torre P, Laclette JP, Martínez-Hernández F. Genetic variation of North American Triatomines (Insecta: Hemiptera: Reduviidae): initial divergence between species and populations of Chagas disease vector. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2012; 88:275-84. [PMID: 23249692 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.2012.12-0105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The triatomines vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi are principal factors in acquiring Chagas disease. For this reason, increased knowledge of domestic transmission of T. cruzi and control of its insect vectors is necessary. To contribute to genetic knowledge of North America Triatominae species, we studied genetic variations and conducted phylogenetic analysis of different triatomines species of epidemiologic importance. Our analysis showed high genetic variations between different geographic populations of Triatoma mexicana, Meccus longipennis, M. mazzottii, M. picturatus, and T. dimidiata species, suggested initial divergence, hybridation, or classifications problems. In contrast, T. gerstaeckeri, T. bolivari, and M. pallidipennis populations showed few genetics variations. Analysis using cytochrome B and internal transcribed spacer 2 gene sequences indicated that T. bolivari is closely related to the Rubrofasciata complex and not to T. dimidiata. Triatoma brailovskyi and T. gerstaeckeri showed a close relationship with Dimidiata and Phyllosoma complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bertha Espinoza
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Distrito Federal, México.
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Villalobos G, Martínez-Ibarra JA, Martínez-Hernández F, López-Alcaide S, Alejandre-Aguilar R. The morphological variation of the eggs and genital plates of two morphotypes of Triatoma protracta Uhler, 1894. J Vector Ecol 2012; 37:179-186. [PMID: 22548552 DOI: 10.1111/j.1948-7134.2012.00215.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The control of triatomine insects is necessary because these insects are the principal vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi, the agent of Chagas disease. Nevertheless, some of these vectors, such as Triatoma protracta, have not been studied adequately and their importance and taxonomic status has not yet been defined in detail and must be reevaluated in view of the continuing taxonomic uncertainties associated with the species. To help clarify the taxonomic status of T. protracta, the eggs and genital plates of two morphotypes were analyzed. Qualitative and quantitative morphological differences were observed in two morphotypes, designated T. p. protracta and T. p. nahuatlae according to Ryckman (1962). The morphotype T. p. protracta exhibited large and wide eggs with pores forming large padded polygonal structures, whereas the eggs of the morphotype T. p. nahuatlae were small and smooth. The size of the 9(th) genital urosternite was longer and wider in females in contrast to males in both morphotypes. However, these size differences were relatively greater in T. p. protracta. The high morphological variation found between the morphotypes of T. protracta suggests that they should be separated. Accordingly, it is probable that this group should be re-classified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiehdani Villalobos
- Laboratorio de Entomología, Depto. de Parasitología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Casco de Santo Tomás, PC 11340, D.F., México
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Villalobos G, Martínez-Hernández F, de la Torre P, Laclette JP, Espinoza B. Entomological indices, feeding sources, and molecular identification of Triatoma phyllosoma (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) one of the main vectors of Chagas disease in the Istmo de Tehuantepec, Oaxaca, Mexico. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2011; 85:490-7. [PMID: 21896810 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.2011.10-0508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to conduct an entomological analysis, determination of feeding sources, and molecular identification of triatomines in five communities of the Istmo de Tehuantepec, Oaxaca. The only found species in two of five searched communities (San Mateo del Mar and Tehuantepec City) was Triatoma phyllosoma. Colonization indices were high in both communities. In San Mateo del Mar, the insects were found indoors and in Tehuantepec City in peridomestic areas. The Trypanosoma cruzi infection indices were 2.1% in San Mateo del Mar and 39.4% in Tehuantepec City. This difference could be related to the high numbers of triatomine feeding on hens in the former community. In contrast, in Tehuantepec, dogs were the principal triatomine feeding sources. All nymphs and adults that were genetically analyzed belonged to the species T. phyllosoma. Low levels of genetic variation were found between vectors from both communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiehdani Villalobos
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Distrito Federal, México
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Martínez-Ibarra JA, Grant-Guillén Y, Delgadillo-Aceves IN, Zumaya-Estrada FA, Rocha-Chávez G, Salazar-Schettino PM, Alejandre-Aguilar R, Villalobos G, Nogueda-Torres B. Biological and genetic aspects of crosses between phylogenetically close species of Mexican triatomines (Hemiptera: Reduviidae). J Med Entomol 2011; 48:705-707. [PMID: 21661335 DOI: 10.1603/me10159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Reproductive isolation between Triatoma mexicana (Herrich-Scaeffer) and the six species of the Phyllosoma complex, belonging to the genus Meccus, was examined by analyzing the fertility of experimental hybrids. The percentage of couples with offspring was highest in the set of crosses between Meccus phyllosomus (Burmeister) and T. mexicana, and lowest in those between Meccus pallidipennis (Stål) and Meccus bassolsae (Alejandre-Aguilar, Nogueda-Torres, Cortés-Jiménez, Jurberg, Galvão, and Carcavallo) with respect to T. mexicana. Crosses between Meccus mazzottii (Usinger), Meccus picturatus (Usinger), and Meccus longipennis (Usinger) and T. mexicana had scarce offspring, whereas offspring from crosses between M. phyllosomus and T. mexicana were abundant. However, all F1 nymphs died in different instars before reaching sexual maturity. The biological evidence in this study suggests that different degrees of reproductive isolation exist between T mexicana and the different species of Meccus. Our data also support the current status of T. mexicana as a separate species.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Martínez-Ibarra
- Area de Entomología Médica, Centro Universitario del Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, 49000 Ciudad Guzmán, Jalisco, México.
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Martínez-Ibarra JA, Martínez-Hernández F, Villalobos G, Vences-Blanco MO, Salazar-Schettino PM. Update on the distribution of Triatoma bolivari and Triatoma brailovskyi (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) in western Mexico. J Vector Ecol 2010; 35:432-434. [PMID: 21175952 DOI: 10.1111/j.1948-7134.2010.00103.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
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Martínez-Hernandez F, Martínez-Ibarra JA, Catalá S, Villalobos G, de la Torre P, Laclette JP, Alejandre-Aguilar R, Espinoza B. Natural crossbreeding between sympatric species of the phyllosoma complex (Insecta: Hemiptera: Reduviidae) indicate the existence of only one species with morphologic and genetic variations. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2010; 82:74-82. [PMID: 20064999 PMCID: PMC2803513 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09-0272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2009] [Accepted: 10/01/2009] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The nucleotide sequences of the cytochrome B gene and the antennal phenotypes were analyzed for the following triatomine species: Triatoma longipennis, Triatoma pallidipennis, and Triatoma picturata, which belong to the Phyllosoma complex. These species inhabit sympatric areas from Talpa de Allende, Autlan de Navarro, and Teocuitatlan de Corona in Jalisco, Mexico. Molecular marker analysis showed that the sympatric individuals are the natural crossbred descendents of different individuals living in close proximity in these natural areas that resulted in mixed populations. The antennal phenotype results are coincident with these genetic findings, which point to the high similitude between all Phyllosoma complex populations analyzed. These data support the hypothesis that these species are morphotypes with chromatic and genetic varieties, which preserves the possibility of natural breeding with fertile descent. In conclusion, our results strongly support the hypothesis that T. pallidipennis, T. longipennis, and T. picturata are subspecies of the Phyllosoma complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Martínez-Hernandez
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Distrito Federal, México.
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Tamay-Segovia P, Alejandre-Aguilar R, Martínez F, Villalobos G, de la Serna FJZD, de la Torre P, Laclette JP, Blum-Domínguez S, Espinoza B. Two Triatoma dimidiata clades (Chagas disease vector) associated with different habitats in southern Mexico and Central America. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2008; 78:472-478. [PMID: 18337346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Triatoma dimidiata is the only reported Chagas disease vector in Campeche, Mexico. The purpose of this study was to determine the genetic variability of vectors from Campeche coastal and rain forest areas and establish a phylogenetic relationship with other T. dimidiata populations by analyzing the internal transcribed spacer-2 (ITS-2) region. The sequence length of samples from Campeche ranged from 469 to 478 basepairs. The ITS-2 variability among the populations enabled us to classify them into two clades with an 18-22 nucleotide difference. The genetic distance (0.042) between them confirms this divergence. Phylogenetic analysis of gene genealogies confirmed these two clades. Furthermore, the population genetic analyses showed two groups with little genetic similarity or migration between them. One group was associated with the tropical forest area and the other group was associated with a mainly coastal distribution. This correlation was also observed when T. dimidiata from other regions of Mexico and Central America were analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulino Tamay-Segovia
- Centro de Investigaciones en Enfermedades Tropicales, Universidad Autónoma de Campeche, Campeche, México.
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Tamay-Segovia P, Martínez F, Alejandre-Aguilar R, Espinoza B, Blum-Domínguez S, Laclette JP, de la Torre P, de la Serna FJZD, Villalobos G. Two Triatoma dimidiata Clades (Chagas Disease Vector) Associated with Different Habitats in Southern Mexico and Central America. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2008. [DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.2008.78.472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Maciak BJ, Guzman R, Santiago A, Villalobos G, Israel BA. Establishing LA VIDA: a community-based partnership to prevent intimate violence against Latina women. Health Educ Behav 1999; 26:821-40. [PMID: 10608573 DOI: 10.1177/109019819902600606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
LA VIDA--the Southwest Detroit Partnership to Prevent Intimate Violence Against Latina Women--evolved in response to community concern about the problem of intimate partner violence (IPV) and the lack of culturally competent preventive and support services for Latino women and men in southwest Detroit. Since 1997, diverse organizations have mobilized as a community-academic partnership to ensure the availability, accessibility, and utilization of IPV services. This article describes and analyzes the evolution of LA VIDA within a community-based participatory research framework using a case study approach that draws on multiple data sources including group and individual interviews and field notes. The challenges and lessons learned in addressing a complex multifaceted problem such as IPV in an ethnic minority community are highlighted in an examination of the process of mobilizing diverse organizations, conducting community diagnosis and needs assessment activities, establishing goals and objectives within a social ecological framework, and integrating evaluation during the development phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- B J Maciak
- Urban Research Centers, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109-2029, USA.
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