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El Bairi K, Trapani D, Petrillo A, Le Page C, Zbakh H, Daniele B, Belbaraka R, Curigliano G, Afqir S. Repurposing anticancer drugs for the management of COVID-19. Eur J Cancer 2020; 141:40-61. [PMID: 33125946 PMCID: PMC7508523 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2020.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Since its outbreak in the last December, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 has rapidly spread worldwide at a pandemic proportion and thus is regarded as a global public health emergency. The existing therapeutic options for COVID-19 beyond the intensive supportive care are limited, with an undefined or modest efficacy reported so far. Drug repurposing represents an enthusiastic mechanism to use approved drugs outside the scope of their original indication and accelerate the discovery of new therapeutic options. With the emergence of COVID-19, drug repurposing has been largely applied for early clinical testing. In this review, we discuss some repurposed anticancer drugs for the treatment of COVID-19, which are under investigation in clinical trials or proposed for the clinical testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid El Bairi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Oujda, Morocco.
| | | | - Angelica Petrillo
- Medical Oncology Unit, Ospedale del Mare, Naples, Italy; University of Study of Campania "L.Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Cécile Le Page
- Research Institute of McGill University Health Center (RI-MUHC), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Hanaa Zbakh
- Center of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Ed. 7, Campus of Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Bruno Daniele
- Medical Oncology Unit, Ospedale del Mare, Naples, Italy
| | - Rhizlane Belbaraka
- Department of Medical Oncology, "Bioscience et Santé" Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Cadi Ayad University, Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - Giuseppe Curigliano
- European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy; University of Milan, Department of Oncology and Hematology, Milan, Italy
| | - Said Afqir
- Department of Medical Oncology, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Oujda, Morocco
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Zbakh H, Salhi G, Bochkov V, Ciudad CJ, Noé V, Hassoun M, Riadi H. Insights on the anti-inflammatory and antitumor activities of extracts from the marine green alga Codium decorticatum. Eur J Integr Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2020.101170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Zbakh H, Zubía E, Reyes CDL, Calderón-Montaño JM, López-Lázaro M, Motilva V. Meroterpenoids from the Brown Alga Cystoseira usneoides as Potential Anti-Inflammatory and Lung Anticancer Agents. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:E207. [PMID: 32290492 PMCID: PMC7230911 DOI: 10.3390/md18040207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties of eight meroterpenoids isolated from the brown seaweed Cystoseira usneoides have been evaluated. The algal meroterpenoids (AMTs) 1-8 were tested for their inhibitory effects on the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in LPS-stimulated THP-1 human macrophages. The anticancer effects were assessed by cytotoxicity assays against human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells and normal lung fibroblastic MRC-5 cells, together with flow cytometry analysis of the effects of these AMTs on different phases of the cell cycle. The AMTs 1-8 significantly reduced the production of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β, and suppressed the COX-2 and iNOS expression, in LPS-stimulated cells (p < 0.05). The AMTs 1-8 displayed higher cytotoxic activities against A549 cancer cells than against MRC-5 normal lung cells. Cell cycle analyses indicated that most of the AMTs caused the arrest of A549 cells at the G2/M and S phases. The AMTs 2 and 5 stand out by combining significant anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities, while 3 and 4 showed interesting selective anticancer effects. These findings suggest that the AMTs produced by C. usneoides may have therapeutic potential in inflammatory diseases and lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanaa Zbakh
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville 41012, Spain; (H.Z.); (J.M.C.-M.); (M.L.-L.)
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Abdelmalek Essaâdi, Tetouan 93000, Morocco
| | - Eva Zubía
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Cadiz, Puerto Real (Cádiz) 11510, Spain; (E.Z.); (C.d.l.R.)
| | - Carolina de los Reyes
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Cadiz, Puerto Real (Cádiz) 11510, Spain; (E.Z.); (C.d.l.R.)
| | - José M. Calderón-Montaño
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville 41012, Spain; (H.Z.); (J.M.C.-M.); (M.L.-L.)
| | - Miguel López-Lázaro
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville 41012, Spain; (H.Z.); (J.M.C.-M.); (M.L.-L.)
| | - Virginia Motilva
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville 41012, Spain; (H.Z.); (J.M.C.-M.); (M.L.-L.)
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Zbakh H, Zubía E, De Los Reyes C, Calderón-Montaño JM, Motilva V. Anticancer Activities of Meroterpenoids Isolated from the Brown Alga Cystoseira usneoides against the Human Colon Cancer Cells HT-29. Foods 2020; 9:foods9030300. [PMID: 32155797 PMCID: PMC7143549 DOI: 10.3390/foods9030300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common types of cancers and a leading cause of cancer death worldwide. The current treatment for CRC mainly involves surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. However, due to the side effects and the emergence of drug resistance, the search for new anticancer agents, pharmacologically safe and effective, is needed. In the present study, we have investigated the anticancer effects of eight algal meroterpenoids (AMTs, 1-8) isolated from the brown seaweed Cystoseira usneoides and their underlying mechanisms of action using HT-29, a highly metastatic human colon cancer cell line. All the tested meroterpenoids inhibited the growth of HT-29 malignant cells and were less toxic towards non-cancer colon cells, with the AMTs 1 and 5 exhibiting selectivity indexes of 5.26 and 5.23, respectively. Treatment of HT-29 cells with the AMTs 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 7 induced cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase and, in some instances, apoptosis (compounds 2, 3, and 5). Compounds 1-8 also exhibited significant inhibitory effects on the migration and/or invasion of colon cancer cells. Mechanistic analysis demonstrated that the AMTs 1, 2, 5, 6, 7, and 8 reduced phosphorylation levels of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and the AMTs 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, and 8 decreased phosphorylation of c-JUN N-terminal kinase (JNK). Moreover, the AMTs 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, and 8 inhibited phosphorylation levels of protein kinase B (AKT) in colon carcinoma cells. These results provide new insights into the mechanisms and functions of the meroterpenoids of C. usneoides, which exhibit an anticancer effect on HT-29 colon cancer cells by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis via the downregulation of ERK/JNK/AKT signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanaa Zbakh
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain; (H.Z.); (J.M.C.-M.)
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Abdelmalek Essaâdi, Tetouan 93000, Morocco
| | - Eva Zubía
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real (Cádiz), Spain; (E.Z.); (C.D.L.R.)
| | - Carolina De Los Reyes
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real (Cádiz), Spain; (E.Z.); (C.D.L.R.)
| | - José M. Calderón-Montaño
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain; (H.Z.); (J.M.C.-M.)
| | - Virginia Motilva
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Seville, Spain; (H.Z.); (J.M.C.-M.)
- Correspondence:
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Zbakh H, Talero E, Avila J, Alcaide A, de Los Reyes C, Zubía E, Motilva V. The Algal Meroterpene 11-Hydroxy-1'-O-Methylamentadione Ameloriates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis in Mice. Mar Drugs 2016; 14:E149. [PMID: 27527191 PMCID: PMC4999910 DOI: 10.3390/md14080149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a complex class of immune disorders. Unfortunately, a treatment for total remission has not yet been found, while the use of natural product-based therapies has emerged as a promising intervention. The present study was aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of the algal meroterpene 11-hydroxy-1'-O-methylamentadione (AMT-E) in a murine model of dextran sodium sulphate (DSS)-induced colitis. AMT-E was orally administered daily (1, 10, and 20 mg/kg animal) to DSS treated mice (3% w/v) for 7 days. AMT-E prevented body weight loss and colon shortening and effectively attenuated the extent of the colonic damage. Similarly, AMT-E increased mucus production and reduced myeloperoxidase activity (marker for anti-inflammatory activity). Moreover, the algal meroterpene decreased the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-10 levels, and caused a significant reduction of the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Our results demonstrate the protective effects of AMT-E on experimental colitis, provide an insight of the underlying mechanisms of this compound, and suggest that this class of marine natural products might be an interesting candidate for further studies on the prevention/treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanaa Zbakh
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville 41012, Spain.
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University Abdelmalek Essaadi, Tetouan 93030, Morocco.
| | - Elena Talero
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville 41012, Spain.
| | - Javier Avila
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville 41012, Spain.
| | - Antonio Alcaide
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville 41012, Spain.
| | - Carolina de Los Reyes
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Cádiz, Puerto Real (Cádiz) 11510, Spain.
| | - Eva Zubía
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Cádiz, Puerto Real (Cádiz) 11510, Spain.
| | - Virginia Motilva
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville 41012, Spain.
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de los Reyes C, Ortega MJ, Zbakh H, Motilva V, Zubía E. Cystoseira usneoides: A Brown Alga Rich in Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Meroditerpenoids. J Nat Prod 2016; 79:395-405. [PMID: 26859694 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.5b01067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Twelve new meroditerpenoids, 1-12, along with eight known compounds, have been isolated from the brown alga Cystoseira usneoides collected off the coast of Tarifa (Spain). The structures of the new metabolites have been established by spectroscopic techniques. All of the new compounds consist of a toluhydroquinone-derived nucleus linked to a regular diterpenoid moiety, which can either be acyclic or contain an ether ring. Most structural diversity arises from the presence of different oxygenated functionalities and unsaturations along the two terminal isoprenoid units of the diterpene backbone. Twelve of the isolated meroditerpenes have been tested in antioxidant assays. All of them have shown radical-scavenging activity. The most active compounds were cystodiones G (1) and H (2), 11-hydroxyamentadione (15), and amentadione (16), which exhibited antioxidant activities in the range of 77-87% that of the Trolox standard. In anti-inflammatory assays, cystodiones G (1) and M (6), cystone C (9), 11-hydroxyamentadione (15), and amentadione (16) showed significant activity as inhibitors of the production of the proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α in LPS-stimulated THP-1 human macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina de los Reyes
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Ambientales, Universidad de Cádiz , 11510 Puerto Real (Cádiz), Spain
| | - María J Ortega
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Ambientales, Universidad de Cádiz , 11510 Puerto Real (Cádiz), Spain
| | - Hanaa Zbakh
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla , 41012 Sevilla, Spain
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University Abdelmalek Essâadi , 93030 Tetouan, Morocco
| | - Virginia Motilva
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla , 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Eva Zubía
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Ambientales, Universidad de Cádiz , 11510 Puerto Real (Cádiz), Spain
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Torres-Valencia JM, Motilva V, Manríquez-Torres JJ, García-Mauriño S, López-Lázaro M, Zbakh H, Calderón-Montaño JM, Gómez-Hurtado MA, Gayosso-De-Lucio JA, Cerda-García-Rojas CM, Joseph-Nathan P. Antiproliferative Activity of seco-Oxacassanes from Acacia schaffneri. Nat Prod Commun 2015. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1501000613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This work reports the antiproliferative activity of seco-oxacassanes 1–3, isolated from Acacia schaffneri, against human colon (HT-29), lung (A-549), and melanoma (UACC-62) cancer cell lines, as well as against their non-malignant counterparts CCD-841 CoN, MRC-5, and VH-10, respectively, using the sulforhodamine B test. While compounds 1 and 3 were inactive, 2 presented strong activity with IC50 values between 0.12 and 0.92 μg mL–1. The cytotoxicity mechanisms of 2 were investigated by cell cycle analysis and through DNA repair pathways, indicating that the compound is capable of arresting the cell cycle in the G0/G1 phase. This effect might be generated through damage to DNA by alkylation. In addition, compound 2 was able to decrease HT-29 migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Martín Torres-Valencia
- Área Académica de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Km 4.5 Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo, Mineral de la Reforma, Hidalgo, 42184 México
| | - Virginia Motilva
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, Profesor García González No. 2, Sevilla, 41012 Spain
| | - J. Jesús Manríquez-Torres
- Área Académica de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Km 4.5 Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo, Mineral de la Reforma, Hidalgo, 42184 México
| | - Sofía García-Mauriño
- Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Profesor García González No. 2, Sevilla, 41012 Spain
| | - Miguel López-Lázaro
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, Profesor García González No. 2, Sevilla, 41012 Spain
| | - Hanaa Zbakh
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, Profesor García González No. 2, Sevilla, 41012 Spain
| | - José M. Calderón-Montaño
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, Profesor García González No. 2, Sevilla, 41012 Spain
| | - Mario A. Gómez-Hurtado
- Área Académica de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Km 4.5 Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo, Mineral de la Reforma, Hidalgo, 42184 México
| | - Juan A. Gayosso-De-Lucio
- Área Académica de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Km 4.5 Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo, Mineral de la Reforma, Hidalgo, 42184 México
| | - Carlos M. Cerda-García-Rojas
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Apartado 14–740, México, D.F., 07000 México
| | - Pedro Joseph-Nathan
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Apartado 14–740, México, D.F., 07000 México
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Zbakh H, Zubia E, Riadi H, El-Abbassi A, Motilva V. WITHDRAWN: Antitumoral, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of the brown alga Cystoseira usneoides (Linnaeus) Roberts 1968. Eur J Integr Med 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2014.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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El Abbassi A, Khalid N, Zbakh H, Ahmad A. Physicochemical Characteristics, Nutritional Properties, and Health Benefits of Argan Oil: A Review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2014; 54:1401-14. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2011.638424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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de Los Reyes C, Zbakh H, Motilva V, Zubía E. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory meroterpenoids from the brown alga Cystoseira usneoides. J Nat Prod 2013; 76:621-9. [PMID: 23458950 DOI: 10.1021/np300833y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
A chemical study of the alga Cystoseira usneoides has led to the isolation of six new meroterpenoids, cystodiones A-F (1-6), together with six known related compounds (7-12). The structures of the new metabolites have been established by spectroscopic techniques. In antioxidant assays all of the tested meroterpenes, and in particular cystodiones A (1) and B (2), 6-cis-amentadione-1'-methyl ether (7), and amentadione-1'-methyl ether (8), exhibited strong radical-scavenging activity. In anti-inflammatory assays, usneoidone Z (11) and its corresponding 6E isomer (12) showed significant activity as inhibitors of the production of the proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α in LPS-stimulated THP-1 human macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina de Los Reyes
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y Ambientales, Universidad de Cádiz, 11510 Puerto Real (Cádiz), Spain
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