The biological standard of living of Korean men under Confucianism, colonialism, capitalism, and communism

This study focuses on analysing the heights of 10,953 Korean men aged 20 to 40 years who were measured during the Joseon dynasty, the Japanese colonialisation period, and the contemporary period, the latter including both North and South Korea. This study thus provides rare long-term statistical evidence on how biological living standards have developed over several centuries, encompassing Confucianism, colonialism, capitalism, and communism. Using error bar analysis of heights for each historical sample period, this study confirms that heights rose as economic performance improved. For instance, economically poorer North Koreans were expectedly shorter, by about 6 cm, than their peers living in the developed South. Similarly, premodern inhabitants of present-day South Korea, who produced a gross domestic product (GDP) per capita below the world average, were about 4 cm shorter than contemporary South Koreans, who have a mean income above the world average. Along similar lines, North Koreans, who have a GDP per capita akin to that of the premodern Joseon dynasty, have not improved much in height. On the contrary, mean heights of North Koreans were even slightly below (by about 2.4 cm) heights of Joseon dynasty Koreans. All in all, the heights follow a U-shaped pattern across time, wherein heights were lowest during the colonial era. Heights bounced back to Joseon dynasty levels during the interwar period, a time period where South Korea benefitted from international aid, only to rise again and surpass even premodern levels under South Korea's flourishing market economy.

Comparative Efficacy of Subcutaneous and Intravenous Infliximab and Vedolizumab for Maintenance Treatment of TNF-naive Adult Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Literature Review and Network Meta-analysis

BACKGROUND

Infliximab and vedolizumab are widely used to treat Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC).

AIMS

This systematic review and network meta-analysis evaluated comparative efficacy of various regimens for intravenous or subcutaneous infliximab and vedolizumab during maintenance treatment in CD and UC.

METHODS

Parallel-group randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were identified by a systematic literature review (CRD42022383401) and included if they evaluated therapeutics of interest for maintenance treatment of adults with moderate-to-severe luminal CD or UC and assessed clinical remission between Weeks 30 and 60. Clinical remission rates in CD or UC and mucosal healing rates in UC were analyzed in a Bayesian network meta-analysis model. Endoscopic outcomes in CD were synthesized by proportional meta-analysis.

RESULTS

Overall, 13 RCTs were included in the analyses. All vedolizumab studies randomized induction responders to maintenance treatment; infliximab studies used a treat-through design. Subcutaneous infliximab 120 mg every 2 weeks had the highest odds ratio (OR) [95% credible interval] versus placebo for clinical remission during the maintenance phase (CD: 5.90 [1.90-18.2]; UC: 5.45 [1.94-15.3]), with surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) values of 0.91 and 0.82, respectively. For mucosal healing in UC, subcutaneous infliximab 120 mg every 2 weeks showed the highest OR (4.90 [1.63-14.1]), with SUCRA value of 0.73, followed by intravenous vedolizumab 300 mg every 4 weeks (SUCRA value, 0.70). Endoscopic outcomes in CD were better with subcutaneous infliximab 120 mg every 2 weeks than intravenous infliximab 5 mg/kg every 8 weeks.

CONCLUSIONS

Subcutaneous infliximab showed a favorable efficacy profile for achieving clinical remission and endoscopic outcomes during maintenance treatment in CD or UC.

Perfluorooctanoic acid induces cardiac dysfunction in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes

Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), commonly found in drinking water, leads to widespread exposure through skin contact, inhalation, and ingestion, resulting in detectable levels of PFOA in the bloodstream. In this study, we found that exposure to PFOA disrupts cardiac function in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs). We observed reductions in field and action potentials in hiPSC-CMs exposed to PFOA. Furthermore, PFOA demonstrated a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on various ion channels, including the calcium, sodium, and potassium channels. Additionally, we noted dose-dependent inhibition of the expression of these ion channels in hiPSC-CMs following exposure to PFOA. These findings suggest that PFOA exposure can impair cardiac ion channel function and decrease the transcription of genes associated with these channels, potentially contributing to cardiac dysfunction such as arrhythmias. Our study sheds light on the electrophysiological and epigenetic consequences of PFOA-induced cardiac dysfunction, underscoring the importance of further research on the cardiovascular effects of perfluorinated compounds (PFCs).

Prenatal Di-methoxyethyl phthalate exposure impairs cortical neurogenesis and synaptic activity in the mice

Di-methoxyethyl phthalate (DMEP) is a well-known environmentally prevalent endocrine disruptor and may be associated with neurodevelopmental disorders including attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and intellectual disability. However, the regulatory mechanisms leading to these neurodevelopmental disorders are still poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that prenatal DMEP exposure causes abnormal brain morphology and function in the mice. DMEP (50 mg/kg) was chronically administered to pregnant mice orally once a day starting on embryonic day 0 (E0) to breast-feeding cessation for the fetus. We found that prenatal DMEP exposure significantly reduced the number of neurons in the parietal cortex by impairing neurogenesis and gliogenesis during the developing cortex. Moreover, we found that prenatal DMEP exposure impaired dendritic spine architectures and synaptic activity in the parietal cortex. Finally, prenatal DMEP exposure in mice induces hyperactivity and reduces anxiety behaviors. Altogether, our study demonstrates that prenatal DMEP exposure leads to abnormal behaviors via impairment of neurogenesis and synaptic activity.

Differential regulations of neural activity and survival in primary cortical neurons by PFOA or PFHpA

Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs), organofluoride compounds comprising carbon-fluorine and carbon-carbon bonds, are used as water and oil repellents in textiles and pharmaceutical tablets; however, they are associated with potential neurotoxic effects. Moreover, the impact of PFCs on neuronal survival, activity, and regulation within the brain remains unclear. Additionally, the mechanisms through which PFCs induce neuronal toxicity are not well-understood because of the paucity of data. This study elucidates that perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA) exert differential effects on the survival and activity of primary cortical neurons. Although PFOA triggers apoptosis in cortical neurons, PFHpA does not exhibit this effect. Instead, PFHpA modifies dendritic spine morphogenesis and synapse formation in primary cortical neuronal cultures, additionally enhancing neural activity and synaptic transmission. This research uncovers a novel mechanism through which PFCs (PFHpA and PFOA) cause distinct alterations in dendritic spine morphogenesis and synaptic activity, shedding light on the molecular basis for the atypical behaviors noted following PFC exposure. Understanding the distinct effects of PFHpA and PFOA could guide regulatory policies on PFC usage and inform clinical approaches to mitigate their neurotoxic effects, especially in vulnerable population.

ψ(2S) Suppression in Pb-Pb Collisions at the LHC

The production of the ψ(2S) charmonium state was measured with ALICE in Pb-Pb collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02  TeV, in the dimuon decay channel. A significant signal was observed for the first time at LHC energies down to zero transverse momentum, at forward rapidity (2.5 Collapse

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Affiliation(s)

S Acharya Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
D Adamová Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Husinec-Řež, Czech Republic
A Adler Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe Universität Frankfurt Institut für Informatik, Fachbereich Informatik und Mathematik, Frankfurt, Germany
G Aglieri Rinella European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
M Agnello Dipartimento DISAT del Politecnico and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy
N Agrawal INFN, Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Z Ahammed Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Kolkata, India
S Ahmad Department of Physics, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
S U Ahn Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
I Ahuja Faculty of Science, P.J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovak Republic
A Akindinov Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
M Al-Turany Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany
D Aleksandrov Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
B Alessandro INFN, Sezione di Torino, Turin, Italy
H M Alfanda Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
R Alfaro Molina Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
B Ali Department of Physics, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
A Alici Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Bologna, Italy
N Alizadehvandchali University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
A Alkin European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
J Alme Department of Physics and Technology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
G Alocco INFN, Sezione di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
T Alt Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
I Altsybeev Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
M N Anaam Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
C Andrei Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest, Romania
A Andronic Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Kernphysik, Munster, Germany
V Anguelov Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
F Antinori INFN, Sezione di Padova, Padova, Italy
P Antonioli INFN, Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
N Apadula Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
L Aphecetche SUBATECH, IMT Atlantique, Nantes Université, CNRS-IN2P3, Nantes, France
H Appelshäuser Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
C Arata Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie, Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS-IN2P3, Grenoble, France
S Arcelli Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Bologna, Italy
M Aresti INFN, Sezione di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
R Arnaldi INFN, Sezione di Torino, Turin, Italy
I C Arsene Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
M Arslandok Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
A Augustinus European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
R Averbeck Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany
M D Azmi Department of Physics, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
A Badalà INFN, Sezione di Catania, Catania, Italy
J Bae Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon City, Republic of Korea
Y W Baek Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
X Bai University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
R Bailhache Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
Y Bailung Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India
A Balbino Dipartimento DISAT del Politecnico and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy
A Baldisseri Université Paris-Saclay Centre d'Etudes de Saclay (CEA), IRFU, Départment de Physique Nucléaire (DPhN), Saclay, France
B Balis AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland
D Banerjee Bose Institute, Department of Physics, and Centre for Astroparticle Physics and Space Science (CAPSS), Kolkata, India
Z Banoo Physics Department, University of Jammu, Jammu, India
R Barbera Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Catania, Italy
F Barile Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica 'M. Merlin' and Sezione INFN, Bari, Italy
L Barioglio Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
M Barlou National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Science, Department of Physics, Athens, Greece
G G Barnaföldi Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary
L S Barnby Nuclear Physics Group, STFC Daresbury Laboratory, Daresbury, United Kingdom
V Barret Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
L Barreto Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
C Bartels University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
K Barth European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
E Bartsch Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
F Baruffaldi Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Padova, Italy
N Bastid Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
S Basu Lund University Department of Physics, Division of Particle Physics, Lund, Sweden
G Batigne SUBATECH, IMT Atlantique, Nantes Université, CNRS-IN2P3, Nantes, France
D Battistini Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
B Batyunya Affiliated with an international laboratory covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
D Bauri Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IIT), Mumbai, India
J L Bazo Alba Sección Física, Departamento de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Lima, Peru
I G Bearden Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
C Beattie Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
P Becht Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany
D Behera Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India
I Belikov Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, F-67000 Strasbourg, France, Strasbourg, France
A D C Bell Hechavarria Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Kernphysik, Munster, Germany
F Bellini Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Bologna, Italy
R Bellwied University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
S Belokurova Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
V Belyaev Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
G Bencedi Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary
S Beole Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy
A Bercuci Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest, Romania
Y Berdnikov Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
A Berdnikova Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
L Bergmann Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
M G Besoiu Institute of Space Science (ISS), Bucharest, Romania
L Betev European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
P P Bhaduri Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Kolkata, India
A Bhasin Physics Department, University of Jammu, Jammu, India
M A Bhat Bose Institute, Department of Physics, and Centre for Astroparticle Physics and Space Science (CAPSS), Kolkata, India
B Bhattacharjee Gauhati University, Department of Physics, Guwahati, India
L Bianchi Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy
N Bianchi INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
J Bielčík Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
J Bielčíková Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Husinec-Řež, Czech Republic
J Biernat The Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Cracow, Poland
A P Bigot Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, F-67000 Strasbourg, France, Strasbourg, France
A Bilandzic Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
G Biro Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary
S Biswas Bose Institute, Department of Physics, and Centre for Astroparticle Physics and Space Science (CAPSS), Kolkata, India
N Bize SUBATECH, IMT Atlantique, Nantes Université, CNRS-IN2P3, Nantes, France
J T Blair The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
D Blau Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
M B Blidaru Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany
N Bluhme Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
C Blume Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
G Boca Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy INFN, Sezione di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
F Bock Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
T Bodova Department of Physics and Technology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
A Bogdanov Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
S Boi Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Cagliari, Italy
J Bok Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
L Boldizsár Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary
A Bolozdynya Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
M Bombara Faculty of Science, P.J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovak Republic
P M Bond European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
G Bonomi INFN, Sezione di Pavia, Pavia, Italy Università di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
H Borel Université Paris-Saclay Centre d'Etudes de Saclay (CEA), IRFU, Départment de Physique Nucléaire (DPhN), Saclay, France
A Borissov Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
A G Borquez Carcamo Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
H Bossi Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
E Botta Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy
Y E M Bouziani Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
L Bratrud Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
P Braun-Munzinger Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany
M Bregant Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
M Broz Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
G E Bruno Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica 'M. Merlin' and Sezione INFN, Bari, Italy Politecnico di Bari and Sezione INFN, Bari, Italy
D Budnikov Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
H Buesching Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
S Bufalino Dipartimento DISAT del Politecnico and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy
O Bugnon SUBATECH, IMT Atlantique, Nantes Université, CNRS-IN2P3, Nantes, France
P Buhler Stefan Meyer Institut für Subatomare Physik (SMI), Vienna, Austria
Z Buthelezi iThemba LABS, National Research Foundation, Somerset West, South Africa University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
S A Bysiak The Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Cracow, Poland
M Cai Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
H Caines Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
A Caliva Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany
E Calvo Villar Sección Física, Departamento de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Lima, Peru
J M M Camacho Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacan, Mexico
P Camerini Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Trieste, Italy
F D M Canedo Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
M Carabas University Politehnica of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
A A Carballo European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
F Carnesecchi European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
R Caron Université de Lyon, CNRS/IN2P3, Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon, Lyon, France
J Castillo Castellanos Université Paris-Saclay Centre d'Etudes de Saclay (CEA), IRFU, Départment de Physique Nucléaire (DPhN), Saclay, France
F Catalano Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy Dipartimento DISAT del Politecnico and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy
C Ceballos Sanchez Affiliated with an international laboratory covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
I Chakaberia Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
P Chakraborty Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IIT), Mumbai, India
S Chandra Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Kolkata, India
S Chapeland European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
M Chartier University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
S Chattopadhyay Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Kolkata, India
S Chattopadhyay Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Kolkata, India
T G Chavez High Energy Physics Group, Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
T Cheng Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany
C Cheshkov Université de Lyon, CNRS/IN2P3, Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon, Lyon, France
B Cheynis Université de Lyon, CNRS/IN2P3, Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon, Lyon, France
V Chibante Barroso European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
D D Chinellato Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
E S Chizzali Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
J Cho Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
S Cho Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
P Chochula European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
P Christakoglou Nikhef, National institute for subatomic physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
C H Christensen Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
P Christiansen Lund University Department of Physics, Division of Particle Physics, Lund, Sweden
T Chujo University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
M Ciacco Dipartimento DISAT del Politecnico and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy
C Cicalo INFN, Sezione di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
F Cindolo INFN, Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
M R Ciupek Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany
G Clai INFN, Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
F Colamaria INFN, Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy
J S Colburn School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
D Colella Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica 'M. Merlin' and Sezione INFN, Bari, Italy Politecnico di Bari and Sezione INFN, Bari, Italy
M Colocci European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
M Concas INFN, Sezione di Torino, Turin, Italy
G Conesa Balbastre Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie, Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS-IN2P3, Grenoble, France
Z Conesa Del Valle Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis, Irène Joliot-Curie, Orsay, France
G Contin Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Trieste, Italy
J G Contreras Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
M L Coquet Université Paris-Saclay Centre d'Etudes de Saclay (CEA), IRFU, Départment de Physique Nucléaire (DPhN), Saclay, France
T M Cormier Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
P Cortese INFN, Sezione di Torino, Turin, Italy Università del Piemonte Orientale, Vercelli, Italy
M R Cosentino Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo Andre, Brazil
F Costa European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
S Costanza Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy INFN, Sezione di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
J Crkovská Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
P Crochet Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
R Cruz-Torres Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
E Cuautle Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
P Cui Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
A Dainese INFN, Sezione di Padova, Padova, Italy
M C Danisch Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
A Danu Institute of Space Science (ISS), Bucharest, Romania
P Das National Institute of Science Education and Research, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Jatni, India
P Das Bose Institute, Department of Physics, and Centre for Astroparticle Physics and Space Science (CAPSS), Kolkata, India
S Das Bose Institute, Department of Physics, and Centre for Astroparticle Physics and Space Science (CAPSS), Kolkata, India
A R Dash Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Kernphysik, Munster, Germany
S Dash Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IIT), Mumbai, India
A De Caro Dipartimento di Fisica 'E.R. Caianiello' dell' Università and Gruppo Collegato INFN, Salerno, Italy
G de Cataldo INFN, Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy
J de Cuveland Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
A De Falco Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Cagliari, Italy
D De Gruttola Dipartimento di Fisica 'E.R. Caianiello' dell' Università and Gruppo Collegato INFN, Salerno, Italy
N De Marco INFN, Sezione di Torino, Turin, Italy
C De Martin Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Trieste, Italy
S De Pasquale Dipartimento di Fisica 'E.R. Caianiello' dell' Università and Gruppo Collegato INFN, Salerno, Italy
S Deb Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India
R J Debski AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland
K R Deja Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
R Del Grande Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
L Dello Stritto Dipartimento di Fisica 'E.R. Caianiello' dell' Università and Gruppo Collegato INFN, Salerno, Italy
W Deng Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
P Dhankher Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
D Di Bari Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica 'M. Merlin' and Sezione INFN, Bari, Italy
A Di Mauro European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
R A Diaz Centro de Aplicaciones Tecnológicas y Desarrollo Nuclear (CEADEN), Havana, Cuba Affiliated with an international laboratory covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
T Dietel University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
Y Ding Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China Université de Lyon, CNRS/IN2P3, Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon, Lyon, France
R Divià European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
D U Dixit Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
Ø Djuvsland Department of Physics and Technology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
U Dmitrieva Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
A Dobrin Institute of Space Science (ISS), Bucharest, Romania
B Dönigus Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
J M Dubinski Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
A Dubla Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany
S Dudi Physics Department, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
P Dupieux Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
M Durkac Technical University of Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic
N Dzalaiova Comenius University Bratislava, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
T M Eder Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Kernphysik, Munster, Germany
R J Ehlers Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
V N Eikeland Department of Physics and Technology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
F Eisenhut Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
D Elia INFN, Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy
B Erazmus SUBATECH, IMT Atlantique, Nantes Université, CNRS-IN2P3, Nantes, France
F Ercolessi Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Bologna, Italy
F Erhardt Physics department, Faculty of science, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
M R Ersdal Department of Physics and Technology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
B Espagnon Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis, Irène Joliot-Curie, Orsay, France
G Eulisse European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
D Evans School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
S Evdokimov Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
L Fabbietti Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
M Faggin Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Padova, Italy
J Faivre Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie, Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS-IN2P3, Grenoble, France
F Fan Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
W Fan Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
A Fantoni INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
M Fasel Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
P Fecchio Dipartimento DISAT del Politecnico and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy
A Feliciello INFN, Sezione di Torino, Turin, Italy
G Feofilov Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
A Fernández Téllez High Energy Physics Group, Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
L Ferrandi Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
M B Ferrer European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
A Ferrero Université Paris-Saclay Centre d'Etudes de Saclay (CEA), IRFU, Départment de Physique Nucléaire (DPhN), Saclay, France
C Ferrero INFN, Sezione di Torino, Turin, Italy
A Ferretti Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy
V J G Feuillard Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
V Filova Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
D Finogeev Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
F M Fionda INFN, Sezione di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
F Flor University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
A N Flores The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
S Foertsch iThemba LABS, National Research Foundation, Somerset West, South Africa
I Fokin Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
S Fokin Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
E Fragiacomo INFN, Sezione di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
E Frajna Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary
U Fuchs European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
N Funicello Dipartimento di Fisica 'E.R. Caianiello' dell' Università and Gruppo Collegato INFN, Salerno, Italy
C Furget Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie, Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS-IN2P3, Grenoble, France
A Furs Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
T Fusayasu Saga University, Saga, Japan
J J Gaardhøje Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
M Gagliardi Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy
A M Gago Sección Física, Departamento de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Lima, Peru
C D Galvan Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacan, Mexico
D R Gangadharan University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
P Ganoti National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Science, Department of Physics, Athens, Greece
C Garabatos Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany
J R A Garcia High Energy Physics Group, Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
E Garcia-Solis Chicago State University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
K Garg SUBATECH, IMT Atlantique, Nantes Université, CNRS-IN2P3, Nantes, France
C Gargiulo European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
A Garibli National Nuclear Research Center, Baku, Azerbaijan
K Garner Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Kernphysik, Munster, Germany
P Gasik Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany
A Gautam University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
M B Gay Ducati Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
M Germain SUBATECH, IMT Atlantique, Nantes Université, CNRS-IN2P3, Nantes, France
C Ghosh Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Kolkata, India
M Giacalone Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Bologna, Italy
P Giubellino INFN, Sezione di Torino, Turin, Italy Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany
P Giubilato Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Padova, Italy
A M C Glaenzer Université Paris-Saclay Centre d'Etudes de Saclay (CEA), IRFU, Départment de Physique Nucléaire (DPhN), Saclay, France
P Glässel Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
E Glimos University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
D J Q Goh Nagasaki Institute of Applied Science, Nagasaki, Japan
V Gonzalez Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
L H González-Trueba Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
M Gorgon AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland
S Gotovac Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Split, Split, Croatia
V Grabski Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
L K Graczykowski Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
E Grecka Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Husinec-Řež, Czech Republic
A Grelli Institute for Gravitational and Subatomic Physics (GRASP), Utrecht University/Nikhef, Utrecht, Netherlands
C Grigoras European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
V Grigoriev Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
S Grigoryan A.I. Alikhanyan National Science Laboratory (Yerevan Physics Institute) Foundation, Yerevan, Armenia Affiliated with an international laboratory covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
F Grosa European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
J F Grosse-Oetringhaus European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
R Grosso Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany
D Grund Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
G G Guardiano Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
R Guernane Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie, Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS-IN2P3, Grenoble, France
M Guilbaud SUBATECH, IMT Atlantique, Nantes Université, CNRS-IN2P3, Nantes, France
K Gulbrandsen Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
T Gundem Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
T Gunji University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
W Guo Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
A Gupta Physics Department, University of Jammu, Jammu, India
R Gupta Physics Department, University of Jammu, Jammu, India
S P Guzman High Energy Physics Group, Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
L Gyulai Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary
M K Habib Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany
C Hadjidakis Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis, Irène Joliot-Curie, Orsay, France
F U Haider Physics Department, University of Jammu, Jammu, India
H Hamagaki Nagasaki Institute of Applied Science, Nagasaki, Japan
A Hamdi Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
M Hamid Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
Y Han Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
R Hannigan The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
M R Haque Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
J W Harris Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
A Harton Chicago State University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
H Hassan Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
D Hatzifotiadou INFN, Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
P Hauer Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
L B Havener Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
S T Heckel Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
E Hellbär Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany
H Helstrup Faculty of Engineering and Science, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway
M Hemmer Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
T Herman Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
G Herrera Corral Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV), Mexico City and Merida, Mexico
F Herrmann Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Kernphysik, Munster, Germany
S Herrmann Université de Lyon, CNRS/IN2P3, Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon, Lyon, France
K F Hetland Faculty of Engineering and Science, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway
B Heybeck Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
H Hillemanns European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
C Hills University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
B Hippolyte Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, F-67000 Strasbourg, France, Strasbourg, France
B Hofman Institute for Gravitational and Subatomic Physics (GRASP), Utrecht University/Nikhef, Utrecht, Netherlands
B Hohlweger Nikhef, National institute for subatomic physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
G H Hong Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
M Horst Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
A Horzyk AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland
R Hosokawa Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
Y Hou Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
P Hristov European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
C Hughes University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
P Huhn Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
L M Huhta University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
C V Hulse Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis, Irène Joliot-Curie, Orsay, France
T J Humanic Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
H Hushnud Department of Physics, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Kolkata, India
A Hutson University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
D Hutter Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
J P Iddon University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
R Ilkaev Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
H Ilyas COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
M Inaba University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
G M Innocenti European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
M Ippolitov Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
A Isakov Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Husinec-Řež, Czech Republic
T Isidori University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
M S Islam Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Kolkata, India
M Ivanov Comenius University Bratislava, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
M Ivanov Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany
V Ivanov Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
M Jablonski AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland
B Jacak Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
N Jacazio European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
P M Jacobs Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
S Jadlovska Technical University of Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic
J Jadlovsky Technical University of Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic
S Jaelani National Research and Innovation Agency - BRIN, Jakarta, Indonesia
L Jaffe Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
C Jahnke Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
M J Jakubowska Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
M A Janik Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
T Janson Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe Universität Frankfurt Institut für Informatik, Fachbereich Informatik und Mathematik, Frankfurt, Germany
M Jercic Physics department, Faculty of science, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
S Jia China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing, China
A A P Jimenez Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
F Jonas Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
J M Jowett European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany
J Jung Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
M Jung Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
A Junique European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
A Jusko School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
M J Kabus European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
J Kaewjai Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
P Kalinak Institute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovak Republic
A S Kalteyer Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany
A Kalweit European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
V Kaplin Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
A Karasu Uysal KTO Karatay University, Konya, Turkey
D Karatovic Physics department, Faculty of science, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
O Karavichev Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
T Karavicheva Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
P Karczmarczyk Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
E Karpechev Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
U Kebschull Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe Universität Frankfurt Institut für Informatik, Fachbereich Informatik und Mathematik, Frankfurt, Germany
R Keidel Zentrum für Technologie und Transfer (ZTT), Worms, Germany
D L D Keijdener Institute for Gravitational and Subatomic Physics (GRASP), Utrecht University/Nikhef, Utrecht, Netherlands
M Keil European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
B Ketzer Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
A M Khan Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
S Khan Department of Physics, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
A Khanzadeev Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
Y Kharlov Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
A Khatun Department of Physics, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
A Khuntia The Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Cracow, Poland
M B Kidson University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
B Kileng Faculty of Engineering and Science, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway
B Kim Department of Physics, Pusan National University, Pusan, Republic of Korea
C Kim Department of Physics, Pusan National University, Pusan, Republic of Korea
D J Kim University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
E J Kim Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
J Kim Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
J S Kim Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
J Kim Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
J Kim Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
M Kim Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
S Kim Department of Physics, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
T Kim Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
K Kimura Physics Program and International Institute for Sustainability with Knotted Chiral Meta Matter (SKCM2), Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
S Kirsch Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
I Kisel Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
S Kiselev Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
A Kisiel Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
J P Kitowski AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland
J L Klay California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California, USA
J Klein European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
S Klein Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
C Klein-Bösing Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Kernphysik, Munster, Germany
M Kleiner Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
T Klemenz Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
A Kluge European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
A G Knospe University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
C Kobdaj Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
T Kollegger Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany
A Kondratyev Affiliated with an international laboratory covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
E Kondratyuk Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
J Konig Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
S A Konigstorfer Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
P J Konopka European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
G Kornakov Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
S D Koryciak AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland
A Kotliarov Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Husinec-Řež, Czech Republic
V Kovalenko Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
M Kowalski The Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Cracow, Poland
V Kozhuharov Faculty of Physics, Sofia University, Sofia, Bulgaria
I Králik Institute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovak Republic
A Kravčáková Faculty of Science, P.J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovak Republic
L Kreis Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany
M Krivda Institute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovak Republic School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
F Krizek Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Husinec-Řež, Czech Republic
K Krizkova Gajdosova Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
M Kroesen Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
M Krüger Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
D M Krupova Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
E Kryshen Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
V Kučera European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
C Kuhn Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, F-67000 Strasbourg, France, Strasbourg, France
P G Kuijer Nikhef, National institute for subatomic physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
T Kumaoka University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
D Kumar Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Kolkata, India
L Kumar Physics Department, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
N Kumar Physics Department, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
S Kumar Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica 'M. Merlin' and Sezione INFN, Bari, Italy
S Kundu European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
P Kurashvili National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
A Kurepin Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
A B Kurepin Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
A Kuryakin Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
S Kushpil Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Husinec-Řež, Czech Republic
J Kvapil School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
M J Kweon Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
J Y Kwon Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
Y Kwon Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
S L La Pointe Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
P La Rocca Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Catania, Italy
Y S Lai Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
A Lakrathok Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
M Lamanna European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
R Langoy University of South-Eastern Norway, Kongsberg, Norway
P Larionov European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
E Laudi European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
L Lautner European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
R Lavicka Stefan Meyer Institut für Subatomare Physik (SMI), Vienna, Austria
T Lazareva Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
R Lea INFN, Sezione di Pavia, Pavia, Italy Università di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
H Lee Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon City, Republic of Korea
G Legras Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Kernphysik, Munster, Germany
J Lehrbach Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
R C Lemmon Nuclear Physics Group, STFC Daresbury Laboratory, Daresbury, United Kingdom
I León Monzón Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacan, Mexico
M M Lesch Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
E D Lesser Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
M Lettrich Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
P Lévai Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary
X Li China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing, China
X L Li Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
J Lien University of South-Eastern Norway, Kongsberg, Norway
R Lietava School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
B Lim Department of Physics, Pusan National University, Pusan, Republic of Korea Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy
S H Lim Department of Physics, Pusan National University, Pusan, Republic of Korea
V Lindenstruth Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
A Lindner Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest, Romania
C Lippmann Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany
A Liu Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
D H Liu Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
J Liu University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
I M Lofnes Department of Physics and Technology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
C Loizides Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
S Lokos The Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Cracow, Poland
P Loncar Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Split, Split, Croatia
J A Lopez Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
X Lopez Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
E López Torres Centro de Aplicaciones Tecnológicas y Desarrollo Nuclear (CEADEN), Havana, Cuba
P Lu Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
J R Luhder Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Kernphysik, Munster, Germany
M Lunardon Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Padova, Italy
G Luparello INFN, Sezione di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
Y G Ma Fudan University, Shanghai, China
A Maevskaya Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
M Mager European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
T Mahmoud Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
A Maire Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, F-67000 Strasbourg, France, Strasbourg, France
M V Makariev Faculty of Physics, Sofia University, Sofia, Bulgaria
M Malaev Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
G Malfattore Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Bologna, Italy
N M Malik Physics Department, University of Jammu, Jammu, India
Q W Malik Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
S K Malik Physics Department, University of Jammu, Jammu, India
L Malinina Affiliated with an international laboratory covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
D Mal'Kevich Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
D Mallick National Institute of Science Education and Research, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Jatni, India
N Mallick Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India
G Mandaglio Dipartimento di Scienze MIFT, Università di Messina, Messina, Italy INFN, Sezione di Catania, Catania, Italy
V Manko Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
F Manso Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
V Manzari INFN, Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy
Y Mao Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
G V Margagliotti Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Trieste, Italy
A Margotti INFN, Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
A Marín Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany
C Markert The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
P Martinengo European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
J L Martinez University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
M I Martínez High Energy Physics Group, Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
G Martínez García SUBATECH, IMT Atlantique, Nantes Université, CNRS-IN2P3, Nantes, France
S Masciocchi Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany
M Masera Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy
A Masoni INFN, Sezione di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
L Massacrier Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis, Irène Joliot-Curie, Orsay, France
A Mastroserio INFN, Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy Università degli Studi di Foggia, Foggia, Italy
A M Mathis Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
O Matonoha Lund University Department of Physics, Division of Particle Physics, Lund, Sweden
P F T Matuoka Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
A Matyja The Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Cracow, Poland
C Mayer The Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Cracow, Poland
A L Mazuecos European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
F Mazzaschi Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy
M Mazzilli European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
J E Mdhluli University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
A F Mechler Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
Y Melikyan Helsinki Institute of Physics (HIP), Helsinki, Finland Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
A Menchaca-Rocha Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
E Meninno Dipartimento di Fisica 'E.R. Caianiello' dell' Università and Gruppo Collegato INFN, Salerno, Italy Stefan Meyer Institut für Subatomare Physik (SMI), Vienna, Austria
A S Menon University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
M Meres Comenius University Bratislava, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
S Mhlanga iThemba LABS, National Research Foundation, Somerset West, South Africa University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
Y Miake University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
L Micheletti INFN, Sezione di Torino, Turin, Italy
L C Migliorin Université de Lyon, CNRS/IN2P3, Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon, Lyon, France
D L Mihaylov Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
K Mikhaylov Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN Affiliated with an international laboratory covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
A N Mishra Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary
D Miśkowiec Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany
A Modak Bose Institute, Department of Physics, and Centre for Astroparticle Physics and Space Science (CAPSS), Kolkata, India
A P Mohanty Institute for Gravitational and Subatomic Physics (GRASP), Utrecht University/Nikhef, Utrecht, Netherlands
B Mohanty National Institute of Science Education and Research, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Jatni, India
M Mohisin Khan Department of Physics, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
M A Molander Helsinki Institute of Physics (HIP), Helsinki, Finland
Z Moravcova Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
C Mordasini Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
D A Moreira De Godoy Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Kernphysik, Munster, Germany
I Morozov Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
A Morsch European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
T Mrnjavac European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
V Muccifora INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
S Muhuri Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Kolkata, India
J D Mulligan Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
A Mulliri Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Cagliari, Italy
M G Munhoz Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
R H Munzer Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
H Murakami University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
S Murray University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
L Musa European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
J Musinsky Institute of Experimental Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovak Republic
J W Myrcha Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
B Naik University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
A I Nambrath Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
B K Nandi Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IIT), Mumbai, India
R Nania INFN, Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
E Nappi INFN, Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy
A F Nassirpour Lund University Department of Physics, Division of Particle Physics, Lund, Sweden
A Nath Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
C Nattrass University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
M N Naydenov Faculty of Physics, Sofia University, Sofia, Bulgaria
A Neagu Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
A Negru University Politehnica of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
L Nellen Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
S V Nesbo Faculty of Engineering and Science, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway
G Neskovic Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
D Nesterov Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
B S Nielsen Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
E G Nielsen Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
S Nikolaev Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
S Nikulin Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
V Nikulin Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
F Noferini INFN, Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
S Noh Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
P Nomokonov Affiliated with an international laboratory covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
J Norman University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
N Novitzky University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
P Nowakowski Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
A Nyanin Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
J Nystrand Department of Physics and Technology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
M Ogino Nagasaki Institute of Applied Science, Nagasaki, Japan
A Ohlson Lund University Department of Physics, Division of Particle Physics, Lund, Sweden
V A Okorokov Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
J Oleniacz Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
A C Oliveira Da Silva University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
M H Oliver Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
A Onnerstad University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
C Oppedisano INFN, Sezione di Torino, Turin, Italy
A Ortiz Velasquez Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
J Otwinowski The Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Cracow, Poland
M Oya Physics Program and International Institute for Sustainability with Knotted Chiral Meta Matter (SKCM2), Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
K Oyama Nagasaki Institute of Applied Science, Nagasaki, Japan
Y Pachmayer Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
S Padhan Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IIT), Mumbai, India
D Pagano INFN, Sezione di Pavia, Pavia, Italy Università di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
G Paić Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
A Palasciano INFN, Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy
S Panebianco Université Paris-Saclay Centre d'Etudes de Saclay (CEA), IRFU, Départment de Physique Nucléaire (DPhN), Saclay, France
H Park University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
H Park Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon City, Republic of Korea
J Park Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
J E Parkkila European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
R N Patra Physics Department, University of Jammu, Jammu, India
B Paul Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Cagliari, Italy
H Pei Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
T Peitzmann Institute for Gravitational and Subatomic Physics (GRASP), Utrecht University/Nikhef, Utrecht, Netherlands
X Peng Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
M Pennisi Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy
L G Pereira Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
D Peresunko Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
G M Perez Centro de Aplicaciones Tecnológicas y Desarrollo Nuclear (CEADEN), Havana, Cuba
S Perrin Université Paris-Saclay Centre d'Etudes de Saclay (CEA), IRFU, Départment de Physique Nucléaire (DPhN), Saclay, France
Y Pestov Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
V Petráček Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
V Petrov Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
M Petrovici Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest, Romania
R P Pezzi Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil SUBATECH, IMT Atlantique, Nantes Université, CNRS-IN2P3, Nantes, France
S Piano INFN, Sezione di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
M Pikna Comenius University Bratislava, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
P Pillot SUBATECH, IMT Atlantique, Nantes Université, CNRS-IN2P3, Nantes, France
O Pinazza European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland INFN, Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
L Pinsky University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
C Pinto Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
S Pisano INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
M Płoskoń Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
M Planinic Physics department, Faculty of science, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
F Pliquett Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
M G Poghosyan Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
B Polichtchouk Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
S Politano Dipartimento DISAT del Politecnico and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy
N Poljak Physics department, Faculty of science, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
A Pop Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest, Romania
S Porteboeuf-Houssais Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
V Pozdniakov Affiliated with an international laboratory covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
K K Pradhan Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India
S K Prasad Bose Institute, Department of Physics, and Centre for Astroparticle Physics and Space Science (CAPSS), Kolkata, India
S Prasad Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India
R Preghenella INFN, Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
F Prino INFN, Sezione di Torino, Turin, Italy
C A Pruneau Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
I Pshenichnov Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
M Puccio European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
S Pucillo Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy
Z Pugelova Technical University of Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic
S Qiu Nikhef, National institute for subatomic physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
L Quaglia Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy
R E Quishpe University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
S Ragoni Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska, USA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
A Rakotozafindrabe Université Paris-Saclay Centre d'Etudes de Saclay (CEA), IRFU, Départment de Physique Nucléaire (DPhN), Saclay, France
L Ramello INFN, Sezione di Torino, Turin, Italy Università del Piemonte Orientale, Vercelli, Italy
F Rami Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, F-67000 Strasbourg, France, Strasbourg, France
S A R Ramirez High Energy Physics Group, Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
T A Rancien Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie, Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS-IN2P3, Grenoble, France
M Rasa Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Catania, Italy
S S Räsänen Helsinki Institute of Physics (HIP), Helsinki, Finland
R Rath Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India INFN, Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
M P Rauch Department of Physics and Technology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
I Ravasenga Nikhef, National institute for subatomic physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
K F Read Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
C Reckziegel Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo Andre, Brazil
A R Redelbach Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
K Redlich National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
A Rehman Department of Physics and Technology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
F Reidt European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
H A Reme-Ness Faculty of Engineering and Science, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway
Z Rescakova Faculty of Science, P.J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovak Republic
K Reygers Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
A Riabov Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
V Riabov Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
R Ricci Dipartimento di Fisica 'E.R. Caianiello' dell' Università and Gruppo Collegato INFN, Salerno, Italy
M Richter Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
A A Riedel Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
W Riegler European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
C Ristea Institute of Space Science (ISS), Bucharest, Romania
M Rodríguez Cahuantzi High Energy Physics Group, Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
K Røed Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
R Rogalev Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
E Rogochaya Affiliated with an international laboratory covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
T S Rogoschinski Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
D Rohr European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
D Röhrich Department of Physics and Technology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
P F Rojas High Energy Physics Group, Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
S Rojas Torres Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
P S Rokita Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
G Romanenko Affiliated with an international laboratory covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
F Ronchetti INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
A Rosano Dipartimento di Scienze MIFT, Università di Messina, Messina, Italy INFN, Sezione di Catania, Catania, Italy
E D Rosas Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
A Rossi INFN, Sezione di Padova, Padova, Italy
A Roy Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India
S Roy Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IIT), Mumbai, India
N Rubini Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Bologna, Italy
O V Rueda Lund University Department of Physics, Division of Particle Physics, Lund, Sweden University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
D Ruggiano Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
R Rui Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Trieste, Italy
B Rumyantsev Affiliated with an international laboratory covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
P G Russek AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland
R Russo Nikhef, National institute for subatomic physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
A Rustamov National Nuclear Research Center, Baku, Azerbaijan
E Ryabinkin Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
Y Ryabov Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
A Rybicki The Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Cracow, Poland
H Rytkonen University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
W Rzesa Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
O A M Saarimaki Helsinki Institute of Physics (HIP), Helsinki, Finland
R Sadek SUBATECH, IMT Atlantique, Nantes Université, CNRS-IN2P3, Nantes, France
S Sadhu Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica 'M. Merlin' and Sezione INFN, Bari, Italy
S Sadovsky Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
J Saetre Department of Physics and Technology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
K Šafařík Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
S K Saha Bose Institute, Department of Physics, and Centre for Astroparticle Physics and Space Science (CAPSS), Kolkata, India
S Saha National Institute of Science Education and Research, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Jatni, India
B Sahoo Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IIT), Mumbai, India
R Sahoo Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India
S Sahoo Institute of Physics, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Bhubaneswar, India
D Sahu Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India
P K Sahu Institute of Physics, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Bhubaneswar, India
J Saini Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Kolkata, India
K Sajdakova Faculty of Science, P.J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovak Republic
S Sakai University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
M P Salvan Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany
S Sambyal Physics Department, University of Jammu, Jammu, India
I Sanna European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
T B Saramela Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
D Sarkar Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
N Sarkar Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Kolkata, India
P Sarma Gauhati University, Department of Physics, Guwahati, India
V Sarritzu Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Cagliari, Italy
V M Sarti Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
M H P Sas Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
J Schambach Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
H S Scheid Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
C Schiaua Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest, Romania
R Schicker Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
A Schmah Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
C Schmidt Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany
H R Schmidt Physikalisches Institut, Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, Tubingen, Germany
M O Schmidt European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
M Schmidt Physikalisches Institut, Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, Tubingen, Germany
N V Schmidt Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
A R Schmier University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
R Schotter Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, F-67000 Strasbourg, France, Strasbourg, France
A Schröter Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
J Schukraft European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
K Schwarz Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany
K Schweda Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany
G Scioli Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Bologna, Italy
E Scomparin INFN, Sezione di Torino, Turin, Italy
J E Seger Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
Y Sekiguchi University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
D Sekihata University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
I Selyuzhenkov Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
S Senyukov Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, F-67000 Strasbourg, France, Strasbourg, France
J J Seo Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
D Serebryakov Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
L Šerkšnytė Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
A Sevcenco Institute of Space Science (ISS), Bucharest, Romania
T J Shaba iThemba LABS, National Research Foundation, Somerset West, South Africa
A Shabetai SUBATECH, IMT Atlantique, Nantes Université, CNRS-IN2P3, Nantes, France
R Shahoyan European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
A Shangaraev Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
A Sharma Physics Department, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
D Sharma Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IIT), Mumbai, India
H Sharma The Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Cracow, Poland
M Sharma Physics Department, University of Jammu, Jammu, India
S Sharma Nagasaki Institute of Applied Science, Nagasaki, Japan
S Sharma Physics Department, University of Jammu, Jammu, India
U Sharma Physics Department, University of Jammu, Jammu, India
A Shatat Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis, Irène Joliot-Curie, Orsay, France
O Sheibani University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
K Shigaki Physics Program and International Institute for Sustainability with Knotted Chiral Meta Matter (SKCM2), Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
M Shimomura Nara Women's University (NWU), Nara, Japan
J Shin Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
S Shirinkin Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
Q Shou Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Y Sibiriak Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
S Siddhanta INFN, Sezione di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
T Siemiarczuk National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
T F Silva Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
D Silvermyr Lund University Department of Physics, Division of Particle Physics, Lund, Sweden
T Simantathammakul Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
R Simeonov Faculty of Physics, Sofia University, Sofia, Bulgaria
B Singh Physics Department, University of Jammu, Jammu, India
B Singh Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
R Singh National Institute of Science Education and Research, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Jatni, India
R Singh Physics Department, University of Jammu, Jammu, India
R Singh Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India
S Singh Department of Physics, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
V K Singh Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Kolkata, India
V Singhal Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Kolkata, India
T Sinha Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Kolkata, India
B Sitar Comenius University Bratislava, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
M Sitta INFN, Sezione di Torino, Turin, Italy Università del Piemonte Orientale, Vercelli, Italy
T B Skaali Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
G Skorodumovs Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
M Slupecki Helsinki Institute of Physics (HIP), Helsinki, Finland
N Smirnov Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
R J M Snellings Institute for Gravitational and Subatomic Physics (GRASP), Utrecht University/Nikhef, Utrecht, Netherlands
E H Solheim Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
J Song University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
A Songmoolnak Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
F Soramel Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Padova, Italy
R Spijkers Nikhef, National institute for subatomic physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
I Sputowska The Henryk Niewodniczanski Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Cracow, Poland
J Staa Lund University Department of Physics, Division of Particle Physics, Lund, Sweden
J Stachel Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
I Stan Institute of Space Science (ISS), Bucharest, Romania
P J Steffanic University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
S F Stiefelmaier Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
D Stocco SUBATECH, IMT Atlantique, Nantes Université, CNRS-IN2P3, Nantes, France
I Storehaug Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
P Stratmann Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Kernphysik, Munster, Germany
S Strazzi Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Bologna, Italy
C P Stylianidis Nikhef, National institute for subatomic physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
A A P Suaide Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
C Suire Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis, Irène Joliot-Curie, Orsay, France
M Sukhanov Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
M Suljic European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
R Sultanov Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
V Sumberia Physics Department, University of Jammu, Jammu, India
S Sumowidagdo National Research and Innovation Agency - BRIN, Jakarta, Indonesia
S Swain Institute of Physics, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Bhubaneswar, India
I Szarka Comenius University Bratislava, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
S F Taghavi Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
G Taillepied Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany
J Takahashi Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
G J Tambave Department of Physics and Technology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
S Tang Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS/IN2P3, LPC, Clermont-Ferrand, France
Z Tang University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
J D Tapia Takaki University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
N Tapus University Politehnica of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
L A Tarasovicova Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Kernphysik, Munster, Germany
M G Tarzila Horia Hulubei National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Bucharest, Romania
G F Tassielli Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica 'M. Merlin' and Sezione INFN, Bari, Italy
A Tauro European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
G Tejeda Muñoz High Energy Physics Group, Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
A Telesca European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
L Terlizzi Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy
C Terrevoli University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
G Tersimonov Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
S Thakur Bose Institute, Department of Physics, and Centre for Astroparticle Physics and Space Science (CAPSS), Kolkata, India
D Thomas The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
A Tikhonov Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
A R Timmins University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
M Tkacik Technical University of Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic
T Tkacik Technical University of Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic
A Toia Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
R Tokumoto Physics Program and International Institute for Sustainability with Knotted Chiral Meta Matter (SKCM2), Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
N Topilskaya Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
M Toppi INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
F Torales-Acosta Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
T Tork Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis, Irène Joliot-Curie, Orsay, France
A G Torres Ramos Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica 'M. Merlin' and Sezione INFN, Bari, Italy
A Trifiró Dipartimento di Scienze MIFT, Università di Messina, Messina, Italy INFN, Sezione di Catania, Catania, Italy
A S Triolo Dipartimento di Scienze MIFT, Università di Messina, Messina, Italy INFN, Sezione di Catania, Catania, Italy
S Tripathy INFN, Sezione di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
T Tripathy Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IIT), Mumbai, India
S Trogolo European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
V Trubnikov Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
W H Trzaska University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
T P Trzcinski Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
A Tumkin Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
R Turrisi INFN, Sezione di Padova, Padova, Italy
T S Tveter Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
K Ullaland Department of Physics and Technology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
B Ulukutlu Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
A Uras Université de Lyon, CNRS/IN2P3, Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon, Lyon, France
M Urioni INFN, Sezione di Pavia, Pavia, Italy Università di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
G L Usai Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Cagliari, Italy
M Vala Faculty of Science, P.J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovak Republic
N Valle Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pavia, Pavia, Italy
L V R van Doremalen Institute for Gravitational and Subatomic Physics (GRASP), Utrecht University/Nikhef, Utrecht, Netherlands
M van Leeuwen Nikhef, National institute for subatomic physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
C A van Veen Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
R J G van Weelden Nikhef, National institute for subatomic physics, Amsterdam, Netherlands
P Vande Vyvre European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
D Varga Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary
Z Varga Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary
M Vasileiou National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Science, Department of Physics, Athens, Greece
A Vasiliev Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
O Vázquez Doce INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
V Vechernin Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
E Vercellin Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Turin, Italy
S Vergara Limón High Energy Physics Group, Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
L Vermunt Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany
R Vértesi Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary
M Verweij Institute for Gravitational and Subatomic Physics (GRASP), Utrecht University/Nikhef, Utrecht, Netherlands
L Vickovic Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Split, Split, Croatia
Z Vilakazi University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
O Villalobos Baillie School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
G Vino INFN, Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy
A Vinogradov Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
T Virgili Dipartimento di Fisica 'E.R. Caianiello' dell' Università and Gruppo Collegato INFN, Salerno, Italy
V Vislavicius Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
A Vodopyanov Affiliated with an international laboratory covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
B Volkel European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
M A Völkl Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
K Voloshin Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
S A Voloshin Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
G Volpe Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica 'M. Merlin' and Sezione INFN, Bari, Italy
B von Haller European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
I Vorobyev Physik Department, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
N Vozniuk Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
J Vrláková Faculty of Science, P.J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovak Republic
C Wang Fudan University, Shanghai, China
D Wang Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Y Wang Fudan University, Shanghai, China
A Wegrzynek European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
F T Weiglhofer Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
S C Wenzel European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
J P Wessels Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Kernphysik, Munster, Germany
S L Weyhmiller Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
J Wiechula Institut für Kernphysik, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
J Wikne Department of Physics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
G Wilk National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw, Poland
J Wilkinson Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany
G A Willems Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Kernphysik, Munster, Germany
B Windelband Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
M Winn Université Paris-Saclay Centre d'Etudes de Saclay (CEA), IRFU, Départment de Physique Nucléaire (DPhN), Saclay, France
J R Wright The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA
W Wu Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Y Wu University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
R Xu Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
A Yadav Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
A K Yadav Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Kolkata, India
S Yalcin KTO Karatay University, Konya, Turkey
Y Yamaguchi Physics Program and International Institute for Sustainability with Knotted Chiral Meta Matter (SKCM2), Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
K Yamakawa Physics Program and International Institute for Sustainability with Knotted Chiral Meta Matter (SKCM2), Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
S Yang Department of Physics and Technology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
S Yano Physics Program and International Institute for Sustainability with Knotted Chiral Meta Matter (SKCM2), Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
Z Yin Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
I-K Yoo Department of Physics, Pusan National University, Pusan, Republic of Korea
J H Yoon Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
S Yuan Department of Physics and Technology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
A Yuncu Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
V Zaccolo Dipartimento di Fisica dell'Università and Sezione INFN, Trieste, Italy
C Zampolli European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland
F Zanone Physikalisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
N Zardoshti European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
A Zarochentsev Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
P Závada Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
N Zaviyalov Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
M Zhalov Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
B Zhang Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
L Zhang Fudan University, Shanghai, China
S Zhang Fudan University, Shanghai, China
X Zhang Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
Y Zhang University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
Z Zhang Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
M Zhao China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing, China
V Zherebchevskii Affiliated with an institute covered by a cooperation agreement with CERN
Y Zhi China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing, China
D Zhou Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
Y Zhou Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
J Zhu Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China Research Division and ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany
Y Zhu Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
S C Zugravel INFN, Sezione di Torino, Turin, Italy
N Zurlo INFN, Sezione di Pavia, Pavia, Italy Università di Brescia, Brescia, Italy

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Density Multiplication of Highly Periodic Sub-5 nm Supramolecular Dendrimer Cylinders on Block Copolymer Lamellar-Assisted High-Resolution Patterns

Density multiplication in nanopatterning is one of the most efficient techniques for increasing the resolution of the inherent patterns. Thus far, most of the density multiplication techniques integrate bottom-up (or top-down) patterning onto guide patterns prepared by the top-down approach. Although the bottom-up approach exhibits several advantages of cost-effectiveness and high resolution, very few studies have reported bottom-up patterning within a bottom-up template. In this study, the density multiplication of supramolecular cylinders into a block copolymer (BCP)-based guide lamellar pattern is demonstrated by the directed self-assembly (DSA) of a dendrimer and BCPs for the first time. Supramolecular cylinders of sub-5 nm scale are confined into trenches based on 50 and 100 nm scales of a lamellar polystyrene (PS)-poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) BCP, which led to 10×-level to 20×-level density multiplication. Moreover, the orientation of the dendrimer is dependent on the dendrimer film thickness, and the corresponding mechanism is revealed. Notably, the strong guiding effect from the high-resolution guide patterns improved the ordering behavior in the highly curved pattern. Graphoepitaxy via the confinement of an ultrahigh-resolution dendrimer into the guide pattern based on BCP demonstrates promise as a density multiplication method for generating highly ordered nanostructures and complex structures.

Detection of thiocyanate in postmortem blood of a fatal potassium thiocyanate-poisoning patient using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

Thiocyanate is an inorganic compound used in industrial applications. Here, we report a case of suicidal death due to acute thiocyanate overdose. A 44-year-old man who consumed an unknown amount of thiocyanate solution was transferred to the emergency room and died 2 h after admission. An autopsy was performed 2 days after death. General toxicological analysis of blood using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry found no drug or alcohol. Quantification using GC-MS post-derivatization with pentafluorobenzyl bromide revealed 2,290 and 1,920 mg/L of thiocyanate in the heart and femoral blood samples, respectively. Thus, the cause of death was attributed to thiocyanate overdose. This study provides useful information for the interpretation of thiocyanate-related fatalities.

Measurements of Groomed-Jet Substructure of Charm Jets Tagged by D^{0} Mesons in Proton-Proton Collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV

Understanding the role of parton mass and Casimir color factors in the quantum chromodynamics parton shower represents an important step in characterizing the emission properties of heavy quarks. Recent experimental advances in jet substructure techniques have provided the opportunity to isolate and characterize gluon emissions from heavy quarks. In this Letter, the first direct experimental constraint on the charm-quark splitting function is presented, obtained via the measurement of the groomed shared momentum fraction of the first splitting in charm jets, tagged by a reconstructed D^{0} meson. The measurement is made in proton-proton collisions at sqrt[s]=13  TeV, in the low jet transverse-momentum interval of 15≤p_{T}^{jet ch}<30  GeV/c where the emission properties are sensitive to parton mass effects. In addition, the opening angle of the first perturbative emission of the charm quark, as well as the number of perturbative emissions it undergoes, is reported. Comparisons to measurements of an inclusive-jet sample show a steeper splitting function for charm quarks compared with gluons and light quarks. Charm quarks also undergo fewer perturbative emissions in the parton shower, with a reduced probability of large-angle emissions.

Application of multiple-finding segmentation utilizing Mask R-CNN-based deep learning in a rat model of drug-induced liver injury

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) presents significant diagnostic challenges, and recently artificial intelligence-based deep learning technology has been used to predict various hepatic findings. In this study, we trained a set of Mask R-CNN-based deep algorithms to learn and quantify typical toxicant induced-histopathological lesions, portal area, and connective tissue in Sprague Dawley rats. We compared a set of single-finding models (SFMs) and a combined multiple-finding model (MFM) for their ability to simultaneously detect, classify, and quantify multiple hepatic findings on rat liver slide images. All of the SFMs yielded mean average precision (mAP) values above 85%, suggesting that the models had been successfully established. The MFM showed better performance than the SFMs, with a total mAP value of 92.46%. We compared the model predictions for slide images with ground-truth annotations generated by an accredited pathologist. For the MFM, the overall and individual finding predictions were highly correlated with the annotated areas, with R-squared values of 0.852, 0.952, 0.999, 0.990, and 0.958 being obtained for portal area, infiltration, necrosis, vacuolation, and connective tissue (including fibrosis), respectively. Our results indicate that the proposed MFM could be a useful tool for detecting and predicting multiple hepatic findings in basic non-clinical study settings.

Neratinib + fulvestrant + trastuzumab for HR-positive, HER2-negative, HER2-mutant metastatic breast cancer: outcomes and biomarker analysis from the SUMMIT trial

BACKGROUND

HER2 mutations are targetable alterations in patients with hormone receptor-positive (HR+) metastatic breast cancer (MBC). In the SUMMIT basket study, patients with HER2-mutant MBC received neratinib monotherapy, neratinib + fulvestrant, or neratinib + fulvestrant + trastuzumab (N + F + T). We report results from 71 patients with HR+, HER2-mutant MBC, including 21 (seven in each arm) from a randomized substudy of fulvestrant versus fulvestrant + trastuzumab (F + T) versus N + F + T.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

Patients with HR+ HER2-negative MBC with activating HER2 mutation(s) and prior cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitor (CDK4/6i) therapy received N + F + T (oral neratinib 240 mg/day with loperamide prophylaxis, intramuscular fulvestrant 500 mg on days 1, 15, and 29 of cycle 1 then q4w, intravenous trastuzumab 8 mg/kg then 6 mg/kg q3w) or F + T or fulvestrant alone. Those whose disease progressed on F + T or fulvestrant could cross-over to N + F + T. Efficacy endpoints included investigator-assessed objective response rate (ORR), clinical benefit rate (RECIST v1.1), duration of response, and progression-free survival (PFS). Plasma and/or formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples were collected at baseline; plasma was collected during and at end of treatment. Extracted DNA was analyzed by next-generation sequencing.

RESULTS

ORR for 57 N + F + T-treated patients was 39% [95% confidence interval (CI) 26% to 52%); median PFS was 8.3 months (95% CI 6.0-15.1 months). No responses occurred in fulvestrant- or F + T-treated patients; responses in patients crossing over to N + F + T supported the requirement for neratinib in the triplet. Responses were observed in patients with ductal and lobular histology, 1 or ≥1 HER2 mutations, and co-occurring HER3 mutations. Longitudinal circulating tumor DNA sequencing revealed acquisition of additional HER2 alterations, and mutations in genes including PIK3CA, enabling further precision targeting and possible re-response.

CONCLUSIONS

The benefit of N + F + T for HR+ HER2-mutant MBC after progression on CDK4/6is is clinically meaningful and, based on this study, N + F + T has been included in the National Comprehensive Cancer Network treatment guidelines. SUMMIT has improved our understanding of the translational implications of targeting HER2 mutations with neratinib-based therapy.

Development of Novel Focal Irradiation Tool for High-Precision Irradiation Using Clinical Brachytherapy System

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S)

Several small animals, including mice, are used to conduct research on state-of-the-art radiation therapy techniques or treatment-related toxicity. However, it is difficult to conduct the focal irradiation to a shallow depth on small animals, because irradiation using LINAC has limitations in energy and field size. The purpose of this paper was to develop a focal irradiation tool for high-precision irradiation and to evaluate beam characteristics.

MATERIALS/METHODS

We designed the collimator of 1 mm diameter consisting of tungsten material for high-precision irradiation applied to the clinical brachytherapy system and the percent depth dose and horizontal profile were measured. We compared the depth dose and horizontal profile with 4 mm diameter SRS cone for 6 MV in LINAC. We measured the PDD and horizontal profile using EBT3 film for high-precision irradiation of 1 mm diameter using Ir-192 source. In case of 4 mm diameter, the beam was measured using edge detector. In addition, all measurements were compared with the results of planning tool simulation.

RESULTS

In case of focal irradiation tool, the maximum dose showed at the surface for both measurement and simulation, and 26% and 32% doses at 1 mm depth, respectively. In addition, FWHM at a 1 mm depth showed that high-precision irradiation was possible with measurement and simulation results of 1.86 and 1.28 mm. In case of LINAC, the maximum dose was showed at a depth of 1 cm and 0.8 cm in the measurement and simulation, respectively. Even if the smallest cone is used, the FWHM at a dmax depth was 4.0 mm in both simulation and measurement.

CONCLUSION

We overcame the limitation for energy and field size through the focal irradiation tool for high-precision irradiation. The focal irradiation tool enables high dose delivery to the shallow depth. In addition, small FWHM reduced dose delivery to the periphery at a specific depth and enabled accurate dose delivery. These results mean that the focal irradiation tool can be useful in small animal experiments that require accurate doses near the shallow depth.

BLZ8 activates a plastidial peroxiredoxin and a ferredoxin to protect Chlamydomonas reinhardtii against oxidative stress

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) cause damage to various cellular processes in almost all organisms, in particular photosynthetic organisms that depend on the electron transfer chain for CO2 fixation. However, the detoxifying process to mitigate ROS damage has not been studied intensively in microalgae. Here, we characterized the ROS detoxifying role of a bZIP transcription factor, BLZ8, in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. To identify downstream targets of BLZ8, we carried out comparative genome-wide transcriptomic profiling of BLZ8 OX and its parental CC-4533 under oxidative stress conditions. Luciferase reporter activity assays and RT-qPCR were performed to test whether BLZ8 regulates downstream genes. We performed an in silico functional gene network analysis and an in vivo immunoprecipitation assay to identify the interaction between downstream targets of BLZ8. Comparative transcriptomic analysis and RT-qPCR revealed that overexpression of BLZ8 increased the expression levels of plastid peroxiredoxin1 (PRX1) and ferredoxin-5 (FDX5) under oxidative stress conditions. BLZ8 alone could activate the transcriptional activity of FDX5 and required bZIP2 to activate transcriptional activity of PRX1. Functional gene network analysis using FDX5 and PRX1 orthologs in A. thaliana suggested that these two genes were functionally associated. Indeed, our immunoprecipitation assay revealed the physical interaction between PRX1 and FDX5. Furthermore, the complemented strain, fdx5 (FDX5), recovered growth retardation of the fdx5 mutant under oxidative stress conditions, indicating that FDX5 contributes to oxidative stress tolerance. These results suggest that BLZ8 activates PRX1 and FDX5 expression, resulting in the detoxification of ROS to confer oxidative stress tolerance in microalgae.

Measurement of CP Violation in B^{0}→K_{S}^{0}π^{0} Decays at Belle II

We report a measurement of the CP-violating parameters C and S in B^{0}→K_{S}^{0}π^{0} decays at Belle II using a sample of 387×10^{6}  BB[over ¯] events recorded in e^{+}e^{-} collisions at a center-of-mass energy corresponding to the ϒ(4S) resonance. These parameters are determined by fitting the proper decay-time distribution of a sample of 415 signal events. We obtain C=-0.04_{-0.15}^{+0.14}±0.05 and S=0.75_{-0.23}^{+0.20}±0.04, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic.

Measurement of the Lifetime and Λ Separation Energy of _{Λ}^{3}H

The most precise measurements to date of the _{Λ}^{3}H lifetime τ and Λ separation energy B_{Λ} are obtained using the data sample of Pb-Pb collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02  TeV collected by ALICE at the LHC. The _{Λ}^{3}H is reconstructed via its charged two-body mesonic decay channel (_{Λ}^{3}H→^{3}He+π^{-} and the charge-conjugate process). The measured values τ=[253±11(stat)±6(syst)]  ps and B_{Λ}=[102±63(stat)±67(syst)]  keV are compatible with predictions from effective field theories and confirm that the _{Λ}^{3}H structure is consistent with a weakly bound system.

Test of Light-Lepton Universality in the Rates of Inclusive Semileptonic B-Meson Decays at Belle II

We present the first measurement of the ratio of branching fractions of inclusive semileptonic B-meson decays, R(X_{e/μ})=B(B→Xeν)/B(B→Xμν), a precision test of electron-muon universality, using data corresponding to 189  fb^{-1} from electron-positron collisions collected with the Belle II detector. In events where the partner B meson is fully reconstructed, we use fits to the lepton momentum spectra above 1.3  GeV/c to obtain R(X_{e/μ})=1.007±0.009(stat)±0.019(syst), which is the most precise lepton-universality test of its kind and agrees with the standard-model expectation.

Long-chain perfluoroalkyl carboxylates induce cytoskeletal abnormalities and activate epithelial-mesenchymal transition in both renal cell carcinoma 3D cultures and Caki-1 xenografted mouse model

Exposure to perfluorooctanoate (PFOA; a type of perfluoroalkyl carboxylates [PFACs]) may be correlated with the incidence of kidney cancer in individuals exposed to high levels of PFOA. However, mechanistic studies on the influence of PFACs on renal cell carcinoma (RCC) development are lacking. We explored the effects of five types of PFACs on RCC using in vitro and in vivo models to fill this knowledge gap and provide information for environmental/usage regulations. Using 2D/3D cultures of Caki-1 cells, a human clear cell RCC line, we examined the effects of short-chain (SC) PFACs and long-chain (LC) PFACs on RCC physio/pathological markers, including the cytoskeleton, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related proteins, and Na+/K+-ATPase. We also administered three different PFACs orally to mice harboring Caki-1 xenografts to assess the impact of these compounds on engrafted RCC in vivo. Compared with the effects of SCPFACs, mice with Caki-1 xenografts treated with LCPFACs showed increased EMT-related protein expression and exhibited liver toxicity. Therefore, LCPFACs induced EMT, influencing cancer metastasis activity, and displayed higher toxicity in vivo compared with SCPFACs. These findings improve our understanding of the effects of PFACs on RCC development and their corresponding in vivo toxicity, which is crucial for regulating these substances to protect public health.

Enhanced Deuteron Coalescence Probability in Jets

The transverse-momentum (p_{T}) spectra and coalescence parameters B_{2} of (anti)deuterons are measured in p-p collisions at sqrt[s]=13  TeV for the first time in and out of jets. In this measurement, the direction of the leading particle with the highest p_{T} in the event (p_{T}^{lead}>5  GeV/c) is used as an approximation for the jet axis. The event is consequently divided into three azimuthal regions, and the jet signal is obtained as the difference between the toward region, that contains jet fragmentation products in addition to the underlying event (UE), and the transverse region, which is dominated by the UE. The coalescence parameter in the jet is found to be approximately a factor of 10 larger than that in the underlying event. This experimental observation is consistent with the coalescence picture and can be attributed to the smaller average phase-space distance between nucleons in the jet cone as compared with the underlying event. The results presented in this Letter are compared to predictions from a simple nucleon coalescence model, where the phase-space distributions of nucleons are generated using pythia8 with the Monash 2013 tuning, and to predictions from a deuteron production model based on ordinary nuclear reactions with parametrized energy-dependent cross sections tuned on data. The latter model is implemented in pythia8.3. Both models reproduce the observed large difference between in-jet and out-of-jet coalescence parameters, although the almost flat trend of the B_{2}^{Jet} is not reproduced by the models, which instead give a decreasing trend.

First Measurement of the Michel Parameter ξ^{'} in the τ^{-}→μ^{-}ν[over ¯]_{μ}ν_{τ} Decay at Belle

We report the first measurement of the Michel parameter ξ^{'} in the τ^{-}→μ^{-}ν[over ¯]_{μ}ν_{τ} decay with a new method proposed just recently. The measurement is based on the reconstruction of the τ^{-}→μ^{-}ν[over ¯]_{μ}ν_{τ} events with subsequent muon decay in flight in the Belle central drift chamber. The analyzed data sample of 988  fb^{-1} collected by the Belle detector corresponds to approximately 912×10^{6} τ^{+}τ^{-} pairs. We measure ξ^{'}=0.22±0.94(stat)±0.42(syst), which is in agreement with the standard model prediction of ξ^{'}=1. Statistical uncertainty dominates in this study, being a limiting factor, while systematic uncertainty is well under control. Our analysis proved the practicability of this promising method and its prospects for further precise measurement in future experiments.

A comparative study on the implementation of deep learning algorithms for detection of hepatic necrosis in toxicity studies

Deep learning has recently become one of the most popular methods of image analysis. In non-clinical studies, several tissue slides are generated to investigate the toxicity of a test compound. These are converted into digital image data using a slide scanner, which is then studied by researchers to investigate abnormalities, and the deep learning method has been started to adopt in this study. However, comparative studies evaluating different deep learning algorithms for analyzing abnormal lesions are scarce. In this study, we applied three algorithms, SSD, Mask R-CNN, and DeepLabV3+, to detect hepatic necrosis in slide images and determine the best deep learning algorithm for analyzing abnormal lesions. We trained each algorithm on 5750 images and 5835 annotations of hepatic necrosis including validation and test, augmented with 500 image tiles of 448 × 448 pixels. Precision, recall, and accuracy were calculated for each algorithm based on the prediction results of 60 test images of 2688 × 2688 pixels. The two segmentation algorithms, DeepLabV3+ and Mask R-CNN, showed over 90% of accuracy (0.94 and 0.92, respectively), whereas SSD, an object detection algorithm, showed lower accuracy. The trained DeepLabV3+ outperformed all others in recall while also successfully separating hepatic necrosis from other features in the test images. It is important to localize and separate the abnormal lesion of interest from other features to investigate it on a slide level. Therefore, we suggest that segmentation algorithms are more appropriate than object detection algorithms for use in the pathological analysis of images in non-clinical studies.

Supplementary Information

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s43188-023-00173-5.

Search for the Lepton Flavor Violating Decays B^{+}→K^{+}τ^{±}ℓ^{∓} (ℓ=e, μ) at Belle

We present a search for the lepton flavor violating decays B^{+}→K^{+}τ^{±}ℓ^{∓}, with ℓ=(e,μ), using the full data sample of 772×10^{6}  BB[over ¯] pairs recorded by the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e^{+}e^{-} collider. We use events in which one B meson is fully reconstructed in a hadronic decay mode. We find no evidence for B^{±}→K^{±}τℓ decays and set upper limits on their branching fractions at the 90% confidence level in the (1-3)×10^{-5} range. The obtained limits are the world's best results.

Segmentation algorithm can be used for detecting hepatic fibrosis in SD rat

BACKGROUND

Liver fibrosis is an early stage of liver cirrhosis. As a reversible lesion before cirrhosis, liver failure, and liver cancer, it has been a target for drug discovery. Many antifibrotic candidates have shown promising results in experimental animal models; however, due to adverse clinical reactions, most antifibrotic agents are still preclinical. Therefore, rodent models have been used to examine the histopathological differences between the control and treatment groups to evaluate the efficacy of anti-fibrotic agents in non-clinical research. In addition, with improvements in digital image analysis incorporating artificial intelligence (AI), a few researchers have developed an automated quantification of fibrosis. However, the performance of multiple deep learning algorithms for the optimal quantification of hepatic fibrosis has not been evaluated. Here, we investigated three different localization algorithms, mask R-CNN, DeepLabV3⁺, and SSD, to detect hepatic fibrosis.

RESULTS

5750 images with 7503 annotations were trained using the three algorithms, and the model performance was evaluated in large-scale images and compared to the training images. The results showed that the precision values were comparable among the algorithms. However, there was a gap in the recall, leading to a difference in model accuracy. The mask R-CNN outperformed the recall value (0.93) and showed the closest prediction results to the annotation for detecting hepatic fibrosis among the algorithms. DeepLabV3⁺ also showed good performance; however, it had limitations in the misprediction of hepatic fibrosis as inflammatory cells and connective tissue. The trained SSD showed the lowest performance and was limited in predicting hepatic fibrosis compared to the other algorithms because of its low recall value (0.75).

CONCLUSIONS

We suggest it would be a more useful tool to apply segmentation algorithms in implementing AI algorithms to predict hepatic fibrosis in non-clinical studies.

Search for an Invisible Z^{'} in a Final State with Two Muons and Missing Energy at Belle II

The L_{μ}-L_{τ} extension of the standard model predicts the existence of a lepton-flavor-universality-violating Z^{'} boson that couples only to the heavier lepton families. We search for such a Z^{'} through its invisible decay in the process e^{+}e^{-}→μ^{+}μ^{-}Z^{'}. We use a sample of electron-positron collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 10.58 GeV collected by the Belle II experiment in 2019-2020, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 79.7  fb^{-1}. We find no excess over the expected standard-model background. We set 90%-confidence-level upper limits on the cross section for this process as well as on the coupling of the model, which ranges from 3×10^{-3} at low Z^{'} masses to 1 at Z^{'} masses of 8  GeV/c^{2}.

First Measurement of the B^{+}→π^{+}π^{0}π^{0} Branching Fraction and CP Asymmetry

We study B^{+}→π^{+}π^{0}π^{0} using 711  fb^{-1} of data collected at the ϒ(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e^{+}e^{-} collider. We measure an inclusive branching fraction of (19.0±1.5±1.4)×10^{-6} and an inclusive CP asymmetry of (9.2±6.8±0.7)%, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic, and a B^{+}→ρ(770)^{+}π^{0} branching fraction of (11.2±1.1±0.9_{-1.6}^{+0.8})×10^{-6}, where the third uncertainty is due to possible interference with B^{+}→ρ(1450)^{+}π^{0}. We present the first observation of a structure around 1  GeV/c^{2} in the π^{0}π^{0} mass spectrum, with a significance of 6.4σ, and measure a branching fraction to be (6.9±0.9±0.6)×10^{-6}. We also report a measurement of local CP asymmetry in this structure.

Search for Lepton-Flavor-Violating τ Decays to a Lepton and an Invisible Boson at Belle II

We search for lepton-flavor-violating τ^{-}→e^{-}α and τ^{-}→μ^{-}α decays, where α is an invisible spin-0 boson. The search uses electron-positron collisions at 10.58 GeV center-of-mass energy with an integrated luminosity of 62.8  fb^{-1}, produced by the SuperKEKB collider and collected with the Belle II detector. We search for an excess in the lepton-energy spectrum of the known τ^{-}→e^{-}ν[over ¯]_{e}ν_{τ} and τ^{-}→μ^{-}ν[over ¯]_{μ}ν_{τ} decays. We report 95% confidence-level upper limits on the branching-fraction ratio B(τ^{-}→e^{-}α)/B(τ^{-}→e^{-}ν[over ¯]_{e}ν_{τ}) in the range (1.1-9.7)×10^{-3} and on B(τ^{-}→μ^{-}α)/B(τ^{-}→μ^{-}ν[over ¯]_{μ}ν_{τ}) in the range (0.7-12.2)×10^{-3} for α masses between 0 and 1.6  GeV/c^{2}. These results provide the most stringent bounds on invisible boson production from τ decays.

First Observation of Λπ^{+} and Λπ^{-} Signals near the K[over ¯]N(I=1) Mass Threshold in Λ_{c}^{+}→Λπ^{+}π^{+}π^{-} Decay

Using the data sample of 980  fb^{-1} collected with the Belle detector operating at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e^{+}e^{-} collider, we present the results of an investigation of the Λπ^{+} and Λπ^{-} invariant mass distributions looking for substructure in the decay Λ_{c}^{+}→Λπ^{+}π^{+}π^{-}. We find a significant signal in each mass distribution. When interpreted as resonances, we find for the Λπ^{+} (Λπ^{-}) combination a mass of 1434.3±0.6(stat)±0.9(syst)  MeV/c^{2} [1438.5±0.9(stat)±2.5(syst)  MeV/c^{2}], an intrinsic width of 11.5±2.8(stat)±5.3(syst)  MeV/c^{2} [33.0±7.5(stat)±23.6(syst)  MeV/c^{2}] with a significance of 7.5σ (6.2σ). As these two signals are very close to the K[over ¯]N threshold, we also investigate the possibility of a K[over ¯]N cusp, and find that we cannot discriminate between these two interpretations due to the limited size of the data sample.

Progressive search in tandem mass spectrometry

BACKGROUND

High-throughput Proteomics has been accelerated by (tandem) mass spectrometry. However, the slow speed of mass spectra analysis prevents the analysis results from being up-to-date. Tandem mass spectrometry database search requires O(|S||D|) time where S is the set of spectra and D is the set of peptides in a database. With usual values of |S| and |D|, database search is quite time consuming. Meanwhile, the database for search is usually updated every month, with 0.5-2% changes. Although the change in the database is usually very small, it may cause extensive changes in the overall analysis results because individual PSM scores such as deltaCn and E-value depend on the entire search results. Therefore, to keep the search results up-to-date, one needs to perform database search from scratch every time the database is updated, which is very inefficient.

RESULTS

Thus, we present a very efficient method to keep the search results up-to-date where the results are the same as those achieved by the normal search from scratch. This method, called progressive search, runs in O(|S||ΔD|) time on average where ΔD is the difference between the old and the new databases. The experimental results show that the progressive search is up to 53.9 times faster for PSM update only and up to 16.5 times faster for both PSM and E-value update.

CONCLUSIONS

Progressive search is a novel approach to efficiently obtain analysis results for updated database in tandem mass spectrometry. Compared to performing a normal search from scratch, progressive search achieves the same results much faster. Progressive search is freely available at: https://isa.hanyang.ac.kr/ProgSearch.html .

Preparing pathological data to develop an artificial intelligence model in the nonclinical study

Artificial intelligence (AI)-based analysis has recently been adopted in the examination of histological slides via the digitization of glass slides using a digital scanner. In this study, we examined the effect of varying the staining color tone and magnification level of a dataset on the result of AI model prediction in hematoxylin and eosin stained whole slide images (WSIs). The WSIs of liver tissues with fibrosis were used as an example, and three different datasets (N20, B20, and B10) were prepared with different color tones and magnifications. Using these datasets, we built five models trained Mask R-CNN algorithm by a single or mixed dataset of N20, B20, and B10. We evaluated their model performance using the test dataset of three datasets. It was found that the models that were trained with mixed datasets (models B20/N20 and B10/B20), which consist of different color tones or magnifications, performed better than the single dataset trained models. Consequently, superior performance of the mixed models was obtained from the actual prediction results of the test images. We suggest that training the algorithm with various staining color tones and multi-scaled image datasets would be more optimized for consistent remarkable performance in predicting pathological lesions of interest.

Observation of e^{+}e^{-}→ωχ_{bJ}(1P) and Search for X_{b}→ωϒ(1S) at sqrt[s] near 10.75 GeV

We study the processes e^{+}e^{-}→ωχ_{bJ}(1P) (J=0, 1, or 2) using samples at center-of-mass energies sqrt[s]=10.701, 10.745, and 10.805 GeV, corresponding to 1.6, 9.8, and 4.7  fb^{-1} of integrated luminosity, respectively. These data were collected with the Belle II detector during special operations of the SuperKEKB collider above the ϒ(4S) resonance. We report the first observation of ωχ_{bJ}(1P) signals at sqrt[s]=10.745  GeV. By combining Belle II data with Belle results at sqrt[s]=10.867  GeV, we find energy dependencies of the Born cross sections for e^{+}e^{-}→ωχ_{b1,b2}(1P) to be consistent with the shape of the ϒ(10753) state. These data indicate that the internal structures of the ϒ(10753) and ϒ(10860) states may differ. Including data at sqrt[s]=10.653  GeV, we also search for the bottomonium equivalent of the X(3872) state decaying into ωϒ(1S). No significant signal is observed for masses between 10.45 and 10.65  GeV/c^{2}.

Measurement of the Λ_{c}^{+} Lifetime

An absolute measurement of the Λ_{c}^{+} lifetime is reported using Λ_{c}^{+}→pK^{-}π^{+} decays in events reconstructed from data collected by the Belle II experiment at the SuperKEKB asymmetric-energy electron-positron collider. The total integrated luminosity of the data sample, which was collected at center-of-mass energies at or near the ϒ(4S) resonance, is 207.2  fb^{-1}. The result, τ(Λ_{c}^{+})=203.20±0.89±0.77  fs, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic, is the most precise measurement to date and is consistent with previous determinations.

Search for a Dark Photon and an Invisible Dark Higgs Boson in μ^{+}μ^{-} and Missing Energy Final States with the Belle II Experiment

The dark photon A^{'} and the dark Higgs boson h^{'} are hypothetical particles predicted in many dark sector models. We search for the simultaneous production of A^{'} and h^{'} in the dark Higgsstrahlung process e^{+}e^{-}→A^{'}h^{'} with A^{'}→μ^{+}μ^{-} and h^{'} invisible in electron-positron collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 10.58 GeV in data collected by the Belle II experiment in 2019. With an integrated luminosity of 8.34  fb^{-1}, we observe no evidence for signal. We obtain exclusion limits at 90% Bayesian credibility in the range of 1.7-5.0 fb on the cross section and in the range of 1.7×10^{-8}-200×10^{-8} on the effective coupling ϵ^{2}×α_{D} for the A^{'} mass in the range of 4.0  GeV/c^{2}<M_{A^{'}}<9.7  GeV/c^{2} and for the h^{'} mass M_{h^{'}}<M_{A^{'}}, where ϵ is the mixing strength between the standard model and the dark photon and α_{D} is the coupling of the dark photon to the dark Higgs boson. Our limits are the first in this mass range.

Evidence of a New Excited Charmed Baryon Decaying to Σ_{c}(2455)^{0,++}π^{±}

We present the study of B[over ¯]^{0}→Σ_{c}(2455)^{0,++}π^{±}p[over ¯] decays based on 772×10^{6}  BB[over ¯] events collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy e^{+}e^{-} collider. The Σ_{c}(2455)^{0,++} candidates are reconstructed via their decay to Λ_{c}^{+}π^{∓} and Λ_{c}^{+} decays to pK^{-}π^{+}, pK_{S}^{0}, and Λπ^{+} final states. The corresponding branching fractions are measured to be B(B[over ¯]^{0}→Σ_{c}(2455)^{0}π^{+}p[over ¯])=(1.09±0.06±0.07)×10^{-4} and B(B[over ¯]^{0}→Σ_{c}(2455)^{++}π^{-}p[over ¯])=(1.84±0.11±0.12)×10^{-4}, which are consistent with the world average values with improved precision. A new structure is found in the M_{Σ_{c}(2455)^{0,++}π^{±}} spectrum with a significance of 4.2σ including systematic uncertainty. The structure is possibly an excited Λ_{c}^{+} and is tentatively named Λ_{c}(2910)^{+}. Its mass and width are measured to be (2913.8±5.6±3.8)  MeV/c^{2} and (51.8±20.0±18.8)  MeV, respectively. The products of branching fractions for the Λ_{c}(2910)^{+} are measured to be B(B[over ¯]^{0}→Λ_{c}(2910)^{+}p[over ¯])×B(Λ_{c}(2910)^{+}→Σ_{c}(2455)^{0}π^{+})=(9.5±3.6±1.6)×10^{-6} and B(B[over ¯]^{0}→Λ_{c}(2910)^{+}p[over ¯])×B(Λ_{c}(2910)^{+}→Σ_{c}(2455)^{++}π^{-})=(1.24±0.35±0.10)×10^{-5}. Here, the first and second uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively.

Risk of transmission of COVID-19 from healthcare workers returning to work after a 5-day isolation, and kinetics of shedding of viable SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.1.529 (Omicron)

BACKGROUND

There have been limited data on the risk of onward transmission from individuals with Omicron variant infections who return to work after a 5-day isolation.

AIM

To evaluate the risk of transmission from healthcare workers (HCWs) with Omicron variant who returned to work after a 5-day isolation and the viable-virus shedding kinetics.

METHODS

This investigation was performed in a tertiary care hospital, Seoul, South Korea. In a secondary transmission study, we retrospectively reviewed the data of HCWs confirmed as COVID-19 from March 14^th to April 3^rd, 2022 in units with five or more COVID-19-infected HCWs per week. In the viral shedding kinetics study, HCWs with Omicron variant infection who agreed with daily saliva sampling were enrolled between February and March, 2022.

FINDINGS

Of the 248 HCWs who were diagnosed with COVID-19 within 5 days of the return of an infected HCW, 18 (7%) had contact with the returned HCW within 1-5 days after their return. Of these, nine (4%) had an epidemiologic link other than with the returning HCW, and nine (4%) had contact with the returning HCW, without any other epidemiologic link. In the study of the kinetics of virus shedding (N = 32), the median time from symptom onset to negative conversion of viable virus was four days (95% confidence interval: 3-5).

CONCLUSION

Our data suggest that the residual risk of virus transmission after 5 days of isolation following diagnosis or symptom onset is low.

Inhibitory effect of natural extract mixtures on microbial growth and lipid oxidation of sausages during storage

Large amounts of additives are used during meat product processing to maintain product quality and shelf life. With the growing interest in healthy foods, natural plant-based additives are being used as alternatives to synthetic additives. In this study, six types of natural extracts with excellent antibacterial activity were selected, and their antibacterial and antioxidant activities against four types of pathogens were evaluated in various combinations. In addition, the pH, color, amount of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and growth of pathogenic microorganisms were analyzed during the storage of sausages treated with various combinations of these extracts. The natural extract mixtures exhibited different antibacterial activities, depending on the combination. Compared to grapefruit seed extract, a mixture of natural extracts extracted with ethanol (M4) reduced the Escherichia coli content by more than 99.9% after 8 days of storage and slowed the growth of Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella spp. by more than 80% after 14 days. Compared to untreated (NC) and grapefruit extract (PC)-treated sausages, sausages treated with the natural extract mixtures showed a significant decrease in CIE L* and an increase in CIE a* and CIE b* (p < 0.05). The pH value was significantly lower in sausages containing natural extract mixtures than in the NC and PC sausages (p < 0.05). The natural plant extract mixtures significantly prevented lipid oxidation (p < 0.05). In summary, different types of natural extract mixtures have a synergistic effect when used together, suggesting that natural preservatives can generally inhibit the growth of microorganisms and oxidation of processed meat.

Robust multi-qubit quantum network node with integrated error detection

Long-distance quantum communication and networking require quantum memory nodes with efficient optical interfaces and long memory times. We report the realization of an integrated two-qubit network node based on silicon-vacancy centers (SiVs) in diamond nanophotonic cavities. Our qubit register consists of the SiV electron spin acting as a communication qubit and the strongly coupled silicon-29 nuclear spin acting as a memory qubit with a quantum memory time exceeding 2 seconds. By using a highly strained SiV, we realize electron-photon entangling gates at temperatures up to 1.5 kelvin and nucleus-photon entangling gates up to 4.3 kelvin. We also demonstrate efficient error detection in nuclear spin–photon gates by using the electron spin as a flag qubit, making this platform a promising candidate for scalable quantum repeaters.

False discovery rate estimation using candidate peptides for each spectrum

BACKGROUND

False discovery rate (FDR) estimation is very important in proteomics. The target-decoy strategy (TDS), which is often used for FDR estimation, estimates the FDR under the assumption that when spectra are identified incorrectly, the probabilities of the spectra matching the target or decoy peptides are identical. However, no spectra matching target or decoy peptide probabilities are identical. We propose cTDS (target-decoy strategy with candidate peptides) for accurate estimation of the FDR using the probability that the spectrum is identified incorrectly as a target or decoy peptide.

RESULTS

Most spectrum cases result in a probability of having the spectrum identified incorrectly as a target or decoy peptide of close to 0.5, but only about 1.14-4.85% of the total spectra have an exact probability of 0.5. We used an entrapment sequence method to demonstrate the accuracy of cTDS. For fixed FDR thresholds (1-10%), the false match rate (FMR) in cTDS is closer than the FMR in TDS. We compared the number of peptide-spectrum matches (PSMs) obtained with TDS and cTDS at a 1% FDR threshold with the HEK293 dataset. In the first and third replications, the number of PSMs obtained with cTDS for the reverse, pseudo-reverse, shuffle, and de Bruijn databases exceeded those obtained with TDS (about 0.001-0.132%), with the pseudo-shuffle database containing less compared to TDS (about 0.05-0.126%). In the second replication, the number of PSMs obtained with cTDS for all databases exceeds that obtained with TDS (about 0.013-0.274%).

CONCLUSIONS

When spectra are actually identified incorrectly, most probabilities of the spectra matching a target or decoy peptide are not identical. Therefore, we propose cTDS, which estimates the FDR more accurately using the probability of the spectrum being identified incorrectly as a target or decoy peptide.

Protein signatures of heart failure mortality in the community

Background

Heart failure (HF) is a complex clinical syndrome that affects over 60 million persons worldwide.1 The 5-year survival rate of HF is less than 50% irrespective of ejection fraction (EF) and the limitations of EF in sufficiently phenotyping HF are recognized.2,3 High throughput proteomics assays are an attractive option for precision phenotyping.4

Purpose

To explore the proteomic profiles and biomarker pathways associated with death in an HF community cohort.

Methods

We measured proteomics in plasma specimens collected from an HF cohort (2003–2012) of patients predominantly of European Ancestry (92%). The relative concentrations of circulating plasma proteins were measured using an aptamer-based assay containing 7335 human protein targets. Proteins significantly associated with mortality were selected while adjusting for age, sex, and eGFR. These proteins were employed in clustering analysis and subjected to 10-fold cross-validation. We quantified and corrected the clustering bias via bootstrapping and subsequently validated the results via semi-supervised clustering. Multivariable Cox regression was implemented for the cluster variable while adjusting for the Meta-analysis Global Group in Chronic Heart Failure (MAGGIC) risk score. Additionally, we performed enrichment and pathway analysis of the outcome-associated proteins considering significance thresholds of −log10(P-value) &gt;2, FDR corrected P&lt;0.05 (regulator analysis) and Z-scores of &gt;2 and &lt;−2 as thresholds for activation and inhibition of proteins/pathways.

Results

From a total of 1,388 patients (mean age 75±13; 52% male), 2 distinct clusters, (HR: 2.04; 95% CI [1.78–2.34]; p-value: &lt;0.0001 independent of MAGGIC) were identified, cluster 1; n=722, mean age 72±14; NYHA class III/IV: 41%/26%; EF: 47%±17 and cluster 2; n=666, mean age 79±11; NYHA class III/IV: 41%/31%, EF: 48%±16 based on the 447 proteins [354 positively and 93 negatively] significantly associated with mortality (1,158 events). Gene-set enrichment analysis of all 447 proteins revealed cell adhesion, extracellular matrix organization, enzyme-linked protein/tyrosine kinase signaling pathways, humoral immune response, tissue development, growth factor signaling, post-translational protein modification, and platelet degranulation as the dominant biological themes. Finally, we found 18 upstream regulators predicted to be driving the expressions of the proteins in the dataset including a predicted outcome-associated protein-Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 – TGFB1 (p=7.46E-09), Interleukin 1B, IL1B (p=9.40E-08), and oncostatin M, OSM (p=6.61E-05) as the top 3 regulators (predicted activation) based on FDR-corrected statistical significance of P&lt;0.05 (Figure 1)

Conclusion

We identified distinct clusters based on proteomic profiles associated with HF mortality independently of clinical prognostic makers. Further, we delineated protein regulators driving the major pathways associated with HF survival.

Funding Acknowledgement

Type of funding sources: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): Department of Intramural Research, NIH/NHLBI

Oral anticoagulation therapy in atrial fibrillation patients with advanced chronic kidney disease: CODE-AF Registry

Background and objectives

Advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD), including end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on dialysis, increases thromboembolic risk among patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). This study examined the comparative safety and efficacy of direct-acting oral anticoagulant (DOAC) compared to warfarin or no OAC among AF patients with advanced CKD or ESRD on dialysis.

Methods

Using data from the COmparison study of Drugs for symptom control and complication prEvention of AF (CODE-AF) registry, 260 non-valvular AF patients with advanced CKD (defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] &lt;3 0ml/min per 1.73 m2) or ESRD on dialysis were enrolled from June 2016 to July 2020. The study population was categorized into DOAC, warfarin, and no OAC group, and differences in major or clinically relevant non-major (CRNM) bleeding, stroke/systemic embolism (SE), myocardial infarction/critical limb ischemia (CLI), and death were assessed.

Results

During a median 24 months of follow-up, major or CRNM bleeding risk was significantly reduced in the DOAC group compared to the warfarin group (hazard ratio [HR] 0.21, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.05 to 0.95, p=0.042). In addition, the risk of composite adverse clinical outcome (major or CRNM bleeding, stroke/SE, myocardial infarction/CLI, and death) was significantly reduced in the DOAC group compared to the no OAC group (HR 0.32, 95% CI 0.11 to 0.96, p=0.043).

Conclusion

Among AF patients with advanced CKD or ESRD on dialysis, DOAC was associated with a lower risk of major or CRNM bleeding compared to warfarin and a lower risk of composite adverse clinical outcome compared to no OAC.

Funding Acknowledgement

Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): Korean Healthcare Technology R&D project funded by the Ministry of Health & Welfare (HI15C1200, HC19C0130)

Phase Ib study of eprenetapopt (APR-246) in combination with pembrolizumab in patients with advanced or metastatic solid tumors

Background

We conducted a phase I, multicenter, open-label, dose-finding, and expansion study to determine the safety and preliminary efficacy of eprenetapopt (APR-246) combined with pembrolizumab in patients with advanced/metastatic solid tumors (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04383938).

Patients and methods

For dose-finding, requirements were non-central nervous system primary solid tumor, intolerant to/progressed after ≥1 line of treatment, and eligible for pembrolizumab; for expansion: (i) gastric/gastroesophageal junction tumor, intolerant to/progressed after first-line treatment, and no prior anti-programmed cell death receptor-1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) therapy; (ii) bladder/urothelial tumor, intolerant to/progressed after first-line cisplatin-based chemotherapy, and no prior anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy; (iii) non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with previous anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy. Patients received eprenetapopt 4.5 g/day intravenously (IV) on days 1-4 with pembrolizumab 200 mg IV on day 3 in each 21-day cycle. Primary endpoints were dose-limiting toxicity (DLT), adverse events (AEs), and recommended phase II dose (RP2D) of eprenetapopt.

Results

Forty patients were enrolled (median age 66 years; range 27-85) and 37 received eprenetapopt plus pembrolizumab. No DLTs were reported and the RP2D for eprenetapopt in combination was 4.5 g/day IV on days 1-4. The most common eprenetapopt-related AEs were dizziness (35.1%), nausea (32.4%), and vomiting (29.7%). AEs leading to eprenetapopt discontinuation occurred in 2/37 patients (5.4%). In efficacy-assessable patients (n = 29), one achieved complete response (urothelial cancer), two achieved partial responses (NSCLC, urothelial cancer), and six patients had stable disease.

Conclusions

The eprenetapopt plus pembrolizumab combination was well tolerated with an acceptable safety profile and showed clinical activity in patients with solid tumors.

•

Eprenetapopt in combination with pembrolizumab was well tolerated with an acceptable safety profile.

•

Eprenetapopt plus pembrolizumab demonstrated clinical activity in heavily pre-treated patients with solid tumors.

•

This is the first clinical trial evaluating the combination of a p53 reactivator with immuno-oncology therapy.

•

This work informs the development of treatment combining immunotherapy with agents targeting specific pathways such as p53.