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Stojanovic B, Jovanovic IP, Stojanovic MD, Jovanovic M, Vekic B, Milosevic B, Cvetkovic A, Spasic M, Stojanovic BS. The Emerging Roles of the Adaptive Immune Response in Acute Pancreatitis. Cells 2023; 12:1495. [PMID: 37296616 PMCID: PMC10253175 DOI: 10.3390/cells12111495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an abrupt, variable inflammatory condition of the pancreas, potentially escalating to severe systemic inflammation, rampant pancreatic necrosis, and multi-organ failure. Its complex pathogenesis involves an intricate immune response, with different T cell subsets (Th1, Th2, Th9, Th17, Th22, TFH, Treg, and CD8+ T cells) and B cells playing pivotal roles. Early T cell activation initiates the AP development, triggering cytokines associated with the Th1 response, which stimulate macrophages and neutrophils. Other T cell phenotypes contribute to AP's pathogenesis, and the balance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines influences its progression. Regulatory T and B cells are crucial for moderating the inflammatory response and promoting immune tolerance. B cells further contribute through antibody production, antigen presentation, and cytokine secretion. Understanding these immune cells' roles in AP could aid in developing new immunotherapies to enhance patient outcomes. However, further research is required to define these cells' precise roles in AP and their potential as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bojan Stojanovic
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (B.S.)
| | - Ivan P. Jovanovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | | | - Marina Jovanovic
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Berislav Vekic
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (B.S.)
| | - Bojan Milosevic
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (B.S.)
| | - Aleksandar Cvetkovic
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (B.S.)
| | - Marko Spasic
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (B.S.)
| | - Bojana S. Stojanovic
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
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Borovcanin MM, Vesic K, Petrovic I, Jovanovic IP, Mijailović NR. Diabetes mellitus type 2 as an underlying, comorbid or consequent state of mental disorders. World J Diabetes 2023; 14:481-493. [PMID: 37273248 PMCID: PMC10236997 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i5.481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Somatic disturbances that occur in parallel with psychiatric diseases are a major challenge in clinical practice. Various factors contribute to the development of mental and somatic disorders. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a significant health burden worldwide, and the prevalence of diabetes in adults is increasing. The comorbidity of diabetes and mental disorders is very common. By sharing a bidirectional link, both T2DM and mental disorders influence each other in various manners, but the exact mechanisms underlying this link are not yet elucidated. The potential mechanisms of both mental disorders and T2DM are related to immune and inflammatory system dysfunction, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, and metabolic disturbances. Moreover, diabetes is also a risk factor for cognitive dysfunction that can range from subtle diabetes-associated cognitive decline to pre-dementia and dementia. A complex re-lationship between the gut and the brain also represents a new therapeutic approach since gut-brain signalling pathways regulate food intake and hepatic glucose production. The aim of this minireview is to summarize and present the latest data on mutual pathogenic pathways in these disorders, emphasizing their complexity and interweaving. We also focused on the cognitive performances and changes in neurodegenerative disorders. The importance of implementing integrated approaches in treating both of these states is highlighted, along with the need for individual therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milica M Borovcanin
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac 34 000, Serbia
| | - Katarina Vesic
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac 34 000, Serbia
| | - Ivica Petrovic
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac 34 000, Serbia
| | - Ivan P Jovanovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac 34 000, Serbia
| | - Nataša R Mijailović
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac 34 000, Serbia
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3
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Petrovic AR, Jovanovic IP, Jurisevic MM, Jovanovic MZ, Jovanovic MM, Pavlovic SP, Arsenijevic NN, Supic GM, Vojvodic DV, Jovanovic MM, Gajovic NM. Metformin promotes antitumor activity of NK cells via overexpression of miRNA-150 and miRNA-155. Am J Transl Res 2023; 15:2727-2737. [PMID: 37193182 PMCID: PMC10182535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Metformin, an oral anti-diabetic drug, is known to possess a powerful antitumor effect by modulating the tumor-immune interaction. The precise influence of metformin on natural killer (NK) cells, a crucial innate immunity player, is not completely understood. In our study, analyses of the effect of metformin on the NK cell functional phenotype were performed, and the potential mechanisms underlying it were investigated. METHODS BALB/C wild type mice were treated with metformin, and the functional phenotype of splenocytes and potential underlying mechanisms were investigated. RESULTS Metformin significantly boosts NK cell cytotoxicity and the percentage of NKp46+, FasL+, and interferon (IFN)-γ+ NK cells while decreasing interleukin (IL)-10 producing NK cells. Our research also demonstrated that the simultaneous administration of metformin and 1-methyl-DL-tryptophan (1-MT), a specific inhibitor of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), significantly increased the NK cells synthesis of IFN-γ, IL-17, perforin, and FasL and NKp46 expression. These findings imply that metformin potentiates NK cell cytotoxicity through mechanisms other than IDO blockade. Metformin administration strongly increased the expression of immunostimulatory microRNA (miRNA)-150 and miRNA-155, while decreasing the expression of immunosuppressive miRNA-146a. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that metformin can directly potentiate NK cell activation and cytotoxicity. This research may contribute to dissecting key mechanisms of metformin exerting antitumor activity to advance the use of metformin as an antitumor agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andjela R Petrovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of KragujevacSvetozara Markovica 69, Kragujevac 34000, Serbia
| | - Ivan P Jovanovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of KragujevacSvetozara Markovica 69, Kragujevac 34000, Serbia
| | - Milena M Jurisevic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of KragujevacSvetozara Markovica 69, Kragujevac 34000, Serbia
| | - Marina Z Jovanovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of KragujevacSvetozara Markovica 69, Kragujevac 34000, Serbia
| | - Marina M Jovanovic
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of KragujevacSvetozara Markovica 69, Kragujevac 34000, Serbia
| | - Sladjana P Pavlovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of KragujevacSvetozara Markovica 69, Kragujevac 34000, Serbia
| | - Nebojsa N Arsenijevic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of KragujevacSvetozara Markovica 69, Kragujevac 34000, Serbia
| | - Gordana M Supic
- Institute for Medical Research, Military Medical AcademyCrnotravska 17, Belgrade 11000, Serbia
- Medical Faculty of Military Medical Academy, University of DefenseCrnotravska 17, Belgrade 11000, Serbia
| | - Danilo V Vojvodic
- Institute for Medical Research, Military Medical AcademyCrnotravska 17, Belgrade 11000, Serbia
- Medical Faculty of Military Medical Academy, University of DefenseCrnotravska 17, Belgrade 11000, Serbia
| | - Milan M Jovanovic
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Military Medical AcademyCrnotravska 17, Belgrade 11000, Serbia
| | - Nevena M Gajovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of KragujevacSvetozara Markovica 69, Kragujevac 34000, Serbia
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Minic Janicijevic S, Jovanovic IP, Gajovic NM, Jurisevic MM, Debnath M, Arsenijevic NN, Borovcanin MM. Galectin-3 mediated risk of inflammation in stable schizophrenia, with only possible secondary consequences for cognition. World J Psychiatry 2022; 12:1183-1193. [PMID: 36186503 PMCID: PMC9521526 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v12.i9.1183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence suggests that cytokines cause immune disturbances, shape immunological sequelae later in life, and modulate the risk of schizophrenia (SC). Galectin-3 (Gal-3), a multifaceted molecule of the glycan family, is involved in the formation of the immunological synapse and modulates the signalling pathway and effector functions of T lymphocytes, which are major producers of cytokines. We have previously reported elevated serum Gal-3 levels in stable SC patients. However, Gal-3 as a link between cognitive functioning and inflammation has not yet been investigated in SC.
AIM To investigate the relationship between serum Gal-3 levels and cognitive performance, serum cytokines, and white blood cell count in three-month stably treated SC patients.
METHODS Twenty-seven patients with SC in remission and 18 healthy volunteers participated in this case-control and correlational study. Clinical assessment was performed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and the Montreal-Cognitive Assessment. The results of previously measured serum levels of Gal-3, interleukin (IL)-33, soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (sST2), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), IL-6 and IL-17 were used for further statistical analyses, and IL-4, IL-23, IL-1β and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) were now additionally measured with a sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The number of leukocytes in the blood and the percentage of neutrophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes were determined with a standardized routine measurement procedure (Sysmex Technology). Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 20.0 software.
RESULTS We found no correlation between serum Gal-3 levels and cognitive functioning in SC patients. A positive correlation was found between the levels of Gal-3 and TNF-α (r = 0.476; P = 0.012), Gal-3 and IL-23 (r = 0.417; P = 0.031), and Gal-3 and sST2 (r = 0.402; P = 0.038). The binary logistic model, which included all nine cytokines measured in this patient sample, indicated the particular role of Gal-3 and TGF-β in the duration of SC. In the stabilization phase of SC, we observed a moderate and negative correlation between serum Gal-3 levels and leukocytes (r = -0.449; P < 0.019). Additional linear regression analysis showed a positive correlation between Gal-3 expression and risperidone dose (F: 4.467; P < 0.045; r2 = 0.396).
CONCLUSION The combined activity of Gal-3 and proinflammatory cytokines, TGF-β downregulation and lower counts of leukocytes influence the SC duration. Gal-3 likely manifests indirect immunometabolic regulation of cognition in SC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ivan P Jovanovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac 34000, Serbia
| | - Nevena M Gajovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac 34000, Serbia
| | - Milena M Jurisevic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac 34000, Serbia
| | - Monojit Debnath
- Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore 560029, India
| | - Nebojsa N Arsenijevic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac 34000, Serbia
| | - Milica M Borovcanin
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac 34000, Serbia
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Jovanovic MZ, Geller DA, Gajovic NM, Jurisevic MM, Arsenijevic NN, Jovanovic MM, Supic GM, Vojvodic DV, Jovanovic IP. Dual blockage of PD-L/PD-1 and IL33/ST2 axes slows tumor growth and improves antitumor immunity by boosting NK cells. Life Sci 2022; 289:120214. [PMID: 34890591 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Although separate blockage of either IL33/ST2 or PD-L/PD-1 axes has been shown to be beneficial in many tumors, co-blockage of IL33/ST2 and PD-L/PD-1 hasn't been studied yet. MAIN METHODS 4T1 breast cancer and CT26 colon cancer were inducted in BALB/C wild type (WT) and BALB/C ST2 knockout mice, after which mice underwent anti PD-1 and anti IL-33 treatment. KEY FINDINGS Co-blockage of IL33/ST2 and PD-L/PD-1 delayed tumor appearance and slowed tumor growth. Enhanced NK cell cytotoxicity against 4T1 tumor cells in ST2 knockout anti-PD-1 treated mice was associated with overexpression of miRNA-150 and miRNA-155, upregulation of NFκB and STAT3, increased expression of activation markers and decreased expression of immunosuppressive markers in splenic and primary tumor derived NK cells. NK cells from ST2 knockout anti-PD-1 treated mice tend to proliferate more and are less prone to apoptosis. Accumulation of immunosuppressive myeloid derived suppressor cells and regulatory T cells was significantly impaired in spleen and primary tumor of ST2 knockout anti-PD-1 treated mice. SIGNIFICANCE Co-blockage of IL3/ST2 and PD-L/PD-1 axes impedes tumor progression more efficiently than single blockage of either axes, thus offering potential new approach to immunotherapy of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Z Jovanovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - David A Geller
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, 3459 Fifth Avenue, UPMC Montefiore, 7 South Pittsburgh, PA 15213 2582, USA.
| | - Nevena M Gajovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Milena M Jurisevic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, SvetozaraMarkovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Nebojsa N Arsenijevic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Milan M Jovanovic
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Military Medical Academy, Crnotravska 17, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Gordana M Supic
- Institute for Medical Research, Military Medical Academy, Crnotravska 17, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; Medical Faculty of Military Medical Academy, University of Defense, Crnotravska 17, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Danilo V Vojvodic
- Institute for Medical Research, Military Medical Academy, Crnotravska 17, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; Medical Faculty of Military Medical Academy, University of Defense, Crnotravska 17, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Ivan P Jovanovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
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Abstract
Interleukin-33, a ligand for ST2/T1, has an important role in allergy, autoimmunity and inflammation. The role of IL-33/ST2 axis in cancer is not elucidated. Using metastatic breast cancer model we provide evidence that lack of ST2 signaling led to reduced tumor growth and metastasis and enhanced anti-tumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan P Jovanovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research; Faculty of Medicine; University of Kragujevac; Kragulevac, Serbia
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Borovcanin MM, Janicijevic SM, Mijailovic NR, Jovanovic IP, Arsenijevic NN, Vesic K. Uric Acid Potential Role in Systemic Inflammation and Negative Symptoms After Acute Antipsychotic Treatment in Schizophrenia. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:822579. [PMID: 35237183 PMCID: PMC8882684 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.822579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Uric acid (UA) has been shown to have neuroprotective or neurotoxic properties, in relation to specific tissues and diseases that have been studied. Previous studies provided contradictory results on the role of UA in schizophrenia as a neurodegenerative disorder. The aim of this brief report was an additional analysis of UA sera levels in different phases of schizophrenia. Here, 86 patients with first-episode psychosis (FEP) vs. 45 patients with schizophrenia in relapse (SC in relapse) vs. 35 healthy control subjects (HC) were studied before and 1 month after antipsychotic therapy. Further, we aimed to explore the possible correlation of UA with scores presenting clinical features and with serum concentrations of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-17. When comparing the data between all three groups, we did not find significant differences in UA levels, either before or after the applied therapy. Also, comparing sera concentrations of UA in every single group, the analysis did not reveal statistically significant differences between FEP patients, but statistically, a significant difference was found in SC in relapse before and after treatment (334.71 ± 116.84 vs. 289.37 ± 109.15 μmol/L, p = 0.05). Uric acid serum levels correlated with negative sub-score (p = 0.001, r = 0.306), general sub-score (p = 0.015, r = 0.236), and total PANSS score (p = 0.009, r = 0.3) after 1 month of therapy. We have established a statistically significant positive correlation between serum concentrations of UA and IL-6 in exacerbation (p = 0.01, r = 0.220) and with IL-17 after treatment and in the stabilization of psychosis (p = 0.01, r = 0.34), suggesting potential cascades in different phases of schizophrenia that potentiate inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milica M Borovcanin
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Slavica Minic Janicijevic
- Doctor of Philosophy Studies, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Natasa R Mijailovic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Ivan P Jovanovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Nebojsa N Arsenijevic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Katarina Vesic
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
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Babic ZM, Zunic FZ, Pantic JM, Radosavljevic GD, Jovanovic IP, Arsenijevic NN, Lukic ML. IL-33 receptor (ST2) deficiency downregulates myeloid precursors, inflammatory NK and dendritic cells in early phase of sepsis. J Biomed Sci 2018; 25:56. [PMID: 30001716 PMCID: PMC6044035 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-018-0455-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sepsis is a life-threatening disease mediated by profound disturbances in systemic inflammatory response to infection. IL-33 is multifunctional regulator of numerous aspects of innate and adaptive immune response. The aim of this article was to further evaluate the role of IL-33 receptor (ST2) in different pathways of innate immunity during early polymicrobial sepsis. METHODS Polymicrobial sepsis was induced using cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model in ST2 deficient (ST2-/-) and wild type BALB/c mice. Peritoneal and spleen cells were isolated for further phenotyping. Apoptosis was determined by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. RESULTS Deletion of ST2 leads to increased susceptibility to early manifestations of sepsis as evaluated by clinical signs and survival. These are accompanied by decrease in the total number of neutrophils, eosinophils and mast cells in peritoneal cavity 12 h after CLP. In early sepsis there was also low number of precursors of myeloid cells in particular CD11b+Ly6G+Ly6Clow cells in spleen of ST2-/- mice. Although the number of NK cells in the spleen was similar, there were significant differences in the presence of inflammatory IFN-γ and IL-17 producing NK cells. Further, ST2 deletion affects the phenotype and maturation of dendritic cell in sepsis. The total number of dendritic cells in the spleen was lower as well as IL-12 expressing dendritic cells. Finally, there was higher frequency of active caspase-3 positive and early apoptotic cells, in particular CD11c positive cells, in spleen of septic ST2-/- mice. CONCLUSION Taken together, our data provide the evidence that ST2 deficiency in early phase of sepsis downregulates myeloid precursors, inflammatory NK and dendritic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zivan M. Babic
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Filip Z. Zunic
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Jelena M. Pantic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, Kragujevac, 34000 Serbia
| | - Gordana D. Radosavljevic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, Kragujevac, 34000 Serbia
| | - Ivan P. Jovanovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, Kragujevac, 34000 Serbia
| | - Nebojsa N. Arsenijevic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, Kragujevac, 34000 Serbia
| | - Miodrag L. Lukic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, Kragujevac, 34000 Serbia
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9
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Borovcanin MM, Janicijevic SM, Jovanovic IP, Gajovic N, Arsenijevic NN, Lukic ML. IL-33/ST2 Pathway and Galectin-3 as a New Analytes in Pathogenesis and Cardiometabolic Risk Evaluation in Psychosis. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9:271. [PMID: 29988422 PMCID: PMC6024021 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia and treatment of this disorder are often accompanied with metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular issues. Alterations in the serum level of innate immune mediators, such as interleukin-33 (IL-33) and its receptor IL-33R (ST2) and Galectin-3 (Gal-3) were observed in these conditions. Moreover, these parameters are potential prognostic and therapeutic markers. There is also accumulating evidence that these molecules play a role in neuroinflammation. Therefore, in this study we have investigated the serum level of Gal-3, IL-33 and soluble ST2 (sST2) in different stages of schizophrenia. Gal-3 levels were elevated in remission and lower in schizophrenia exacerbation in comparison with controls. Levels of IL-33 and sST2 are higher in schizophrenia exacerbation in comparison with controls and patients in remission. This initial analysis of new markers of neuroinflammation suggested their involvement in schizophrenia pathophysiology and/or cardiometabolic comorbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milica M. Borovcanin
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Slavica M. Janicijevic
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Ivan P. Jovanovic
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Nevena Gajovic
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Nebojsa N. Arsenijevic
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Miodrag L. Lukic
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
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10
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Pantic JM, Jovanovic IP, Radosavljevic GD, Arsenijevic NN, Conlon JM, Lukic ML. The Potential of Frog Skin-Derived Peptides for Development into Therapeutically-Valuable Immunomodulatory Agents. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22122071. [PMID: 29236056 PMCID: PMC6150033 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22122071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this article is to review the immunoregulatory actions of frog skin-derived peptides in order to assess their potential as candidates for immunomodulatory or anti-inflammatory therapy. Frog skin peptides with demonstrable immunomodulatory properties have been isolated from skin secretions of a range of species belonging to the families Alytidae, Ascaphidae, Discoglossidae, Leptodactylidae, Pipidae and Ranidae. Their effects upon production of inflammatory and immunoregulatory cytokines by target cells have been evaluated ex vivo and effects upon cytokine expression and immune cell activity have been studied in vivo by flow cytometry after injection into mice. The naturally-occurring peptides and/or their synthetic analogues show complex and variable actions on the production of proinflammatory (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-12, IL-23, IL-8, IFN-γ and IL-17), pleiotropic (IL-4 and IL-6) and immunosuppressive (IL-10 and TGF-β) cytokines by peripheral and spleen cells, peritoneal cells and/or isolated macrophages. The effects of frenatin 2.1S include enhancement of the activation state and homing capacity of Th1-type lymphocytes and NK cells in the mouse peritoneal cavity, as well as the promotion of their tumoricidal capacities. Overall, the diverse effects of frog skin-derived peptides on the immune system indicate their potential for development into therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena M Pantic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Ivan P Jovanovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Gordana D Radosavljevic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Nebojsa N Arsenijevic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - J Michael Conlon
- SAAD Centre for Pharmacy and Diabetes, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Cromore Road, Coleraine, Northern Ireland BT52 1SA, UK.
| | - Miodrag L Lukic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
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Pantic JM, Jovanovic IP, Radosavljevic GD, Gajovic NM, Arsenijevic NN, Conlon JM, Lukic ML. The frog skin host-defense peptide frenatin 2.1S enhances recruitment, activation and tumoricidal capacity of NK cells. Peptides 2017; 93:44-50. [PMID: 28526557 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2017.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 05/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Frog skin is a source of peptides with various biological properties. Frenatin 2.1S, derived from norepinephrine-stimulated skin secretions of the Orinoco lime tree frog Sphaenorhynchus lacteus, exhibits immunostimulatory effects as demonstrated by the promotion of proinflammatory phenotypes of mononuclear cells in mouse peritoneal cavity and spleen. The aim of this study was to identify the populations of host cells sensitive to the action of frenatin 2.1S in vivo and to study its effects on their functional antitumor capacity. A single injection of frenatin 2.1S (100μg) in BALB/c mice increased the presence of peritoneal CD11c+ dendritic cells and CD3+ T cells 24h after administration and there was a significant increase in the number of IL-17 and CXCR3 expressing inflammatory T cells. Frenatin 2.1S treatment also increased the number of TNF-α expressing F4/80+ proinflammatory M1 macrophages. The most striking finding of the study is the marked increase of the number of peritoneal natural killer (NK) cells following frenatin 2.1S injection. Further, frenatin 2.1S administration led to activation of NK cells as evaluated by increased expression of NKG2D, FasL, CD69 and CD107a. The increased ratio of interferon-γ vs. IL-10 producing NK cells is further indication of the proinflammatory action of frenatin 2.1S. Peptide treatment enhanced the tumoricidal action of peritoneal NK cells on 4T1 mouse mammary carcinoma cells as revealed by the real-time automated monitoring of cell status. Our data demonstrate that frenatin 2.1S promotes activation and cytotoxic capacity of NK cells and should be regarded as a candidate for antitumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena M Pantic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Ivan P Jovanovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Gordana D Radosavljevic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Nevena M Gajovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Nebojsa N Arsenijevic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - J Michael Conlon
- SAAD Centre for Pharmacy and Diabetes, School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine BT52 1SA, United Kingdom
| | - Miodrag L Lukic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.
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Milosavljevic MZ, Jovanovic IP, Pejnovic NN, Mitrovic SLJ, Arsenijevic NN, Simovic Markovic BJ, Lukic ML. Deletion of IL-33R attenuates VEGF expression and enhances necrosis in mammary carcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 7:18106-15. [PMID: 26919112 PMCID: PMC4951275 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-33 (IL-33)/IL-33 receptor (IL-33R, ST2) signaling pathway promotes mammary cancer growth and metastasis by inhibiting anti-tumor immunity. However, the role of IL-33/IL-33R axis in neoangiogenesis and tumor necrosis is not elucidated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the role of IL-33/IL-33R axis in mammary tumor necrosis. Deletion of IL-33R (ST2) gene in BALB/c mice enhanced tumor necrosis and attenuated tumor growth in 4T1 breast cancer model, which was associated with markedly decreased expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and IL-33 in mammary tumor cells. We next analyzed IL-33, IL-33R and VEGF expression and microvascular density (MVD) in breast tumors from 40 female patients with absent or present tumor necrosis. We found significantly higher expression of IL-33, IL-33R and VEGF in breast cancer tissues with absent tumor necrosis. Both, IL-33 and IL-33R expression correlated with VEGF expression in tumor cells. Further, VEGF expression positively correlated with MVD in perinecrotic zone. Taking together, our data indicate that IL-33/IL-33R pathway is critically involved in mammary tumor growth by facilitating expression of pro-angiogenic VEGF in tumor cells and attenuating tumor necrosis. These data add an unidentified mechanism by which IL-33/IL-33R axis facilitates tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ivan P Jovanovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Nada N Pejnovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | | | - Nebojsa N Arsenijevic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Bojana J Simovic Markovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Miodrag L Lukic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
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Pantic JM, Radosavljevic GD, Jovanovic IP, Arsenijevic NN, Conlon JM, Lukic ML. In vivo administration of the frog skin peptide frenatin 2.1S induces immunostimulatory phenotypes of mouse mononuclear cells. Peptides 2015; 71:269-75. [PMID: 25861850 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2015.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Host-defense peptides secreted by epithelial cells exhibit cytotoxic and immunoregulatory effects in order to protect the organism against invading microorganisms. Antimicrobial peptides derived from frog skin display both immunostimulatory and immunosuppressive actions as demonstrated by in vitro cytokine production by macrophages. Frenatin 2.1S, first isolated from skin secretions of the frog, Sphaenorhynchus lacteus (Hylidae), enhances the in vitro production of pro-inflammatory IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-23 by mouse peritoneal cells. In order to test whether the immunostimulatory action of frenatin 2.1S may be reproduced in vivo, effects of intraperitoneal injections of this peptide on mononuclear cells in the peritoneum and spleen were determined 24h after administration. The data indicate that frenatin 2.1S enhances the activation state and homing capacity of Th1 type lymphocytes and NKT cells in the mouse peritoneal cavity, as evaluated by increased expression of early activation marker CD69 among T and NKT cells and chemokine receptor CXCR3 among T cells. Frenatin 2.1S significantly increases the percentage of (F4/80(+)CD11c(+)CD206(+)) pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages and enhances the expression of MHC class II molecules on F4/80(+)CD11c(+) macrophages in the mouse peritoneal cavity. Additionally, injection of frenatin 2.1S, in the presence or absence of lipopolysaccharide, increases the percentage of peritoneal B cells of the (CD19(+)CD11b(+)CD5(+)) B1a phenotype thus contributing to an inflammatory milieu. We suggest that the immunostimulatory effect of frenatin 2.1S may have therapeutic relevance in disease states, such as certain types of cancer, in which an enhanced inflammatory response may be beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena M Pantic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Gordana D Radosavljevic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Ivan P Jovanovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Nebojsa N Arsenijevic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - J Michael Conlon
- SAAD Centre for Pharmacy and Diabetes, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine BT52 1SA, UK.
| | - Miodrag L Lukic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
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Jovanovic IP, Radosavljevic GD, Simovic-Markovic BJ, Stojanovic SP, Stefanovic SM, Pejnovic NN, Arsenijevic NN. Clinical significance of Cyclin D1, FGF3 and p21 protein expression in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. J BUON 2014; 19:944-952. [PMID: 25536600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) represents one of the most common cancers of the head and neck and the search for molecular markers is required for early diagnosis, prognosis and optimal therapy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical significance of Cyclin D1, FGF3, p16 and p21 protein expression in LSCC and laryngeal dysplasia (LD) and to evaluate the associations between their expression levels and clinicopathological parameters of patients with LSCC. METHODS Immunohistochemistry was employed to detect and quantify the expression levels of Cyclin D1, FGF3, p16 and p21 in the laryngeal tissues of 48 LSCC patients, 32 patients with LD and 28 subjects with healthy laryngeal mucosa (HLM). RESULTS Significantly higher percentage of LSCC patients had positive Cyclin D1 expression compared with LD patients and HLM subjects (both p<0.01) and positive FGF3 expression than HLM subjects (p<0.05), while no differences in p16 and p21 positive expression were found among studied groups. The levels of Cyclin D1, FGF3 and p16 expression, as evaluated by immunostaining score, were significantly higher in patients with LSCC compared with LD and HLM groups (all p<0.05). Cyclin D1 proved to be highly sensitive and specific marker in differentiating LSCC from LD (sensitivity 81.2%, specificity 83.9%), while high sensitivity (81.2%) and lower specificity (41.4%) was observed in differentiating from HLM. Cyclin D1 and p21 expression levels were associated with regional lymph node metastases (both p<0.05) and Cyclin D1 expression levels significantly correlated with LSCC lymphatic invasion (x(2)=8.862; df=3; ?=0.031). CONCLUSIONS Cyclin D1, FGF3 and p16 are overexpressed in patients with LSCC. Cyclin D1 is a highly sensitive marker in differentiating LSCC from LD or HLM. Cyclin D1 and p21 expression levels may be useful as predictive markers of metastases in LSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan P Jovanovic
- 1Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Serbia
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15
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Zdravkovic ND, Jovanovic IP, Radosavljevic GD, Arsenijevic AN, Zdravkovic ND, Mitrovic SL, Arsenijevic NN. Potential dual immunomodulatory role of VEGF in ulcerative colitis and colorectal carcinoma. Int J Med Sci 2014; 11:936-47. [PMID: 25076849 PMCID: PMC4113587 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.8277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 05/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Progression from ulcerative colitis (UC) toward colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is multistep process that includes gene alterations of tumor suppressor genes, such as p53 and p16. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression patterns of p16, p53 and VEGF in affected tissue and serum levels of cytokines TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10 and IL-17 in patients with UC and CRC, respectively. MATHERIALS AND METHODS. Serum levels of cytokine in patients with UC (n=24) and CRC (n=75) and in a healthy group (n=37) were analyzed by ELISA. Endoscopic biopsies specimens of UC and CRC were studied by immunohistochemical staining for p16, p53 and VEGF. RESULTS Patients with UC with presence of extraintestinal manifestations, complications, and positive staining of p16, p53 and VEGF respectively had higher serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Higher percentage of CRC patients had positive staining of p16, p53 and VEGF. CRC patients with positive staining of VEGF had decreased systemic values of pro-inflammatory IFN-γ and increased values of immunosuppressive IL-10. CONCLUSIONS Relatively low IL-10 in patients with severe UC is insufficient to compensate IL-6 secretion and subsequently enhanced type 1/17 immune response. In UC patients, p16 and p53 induce enhanced VEGF expression and subsequent production of pro-inflammatory TNF-α and IL-6. In CRC patients VEGF seems to have immunosuppressive role. It appears that tumor suppressor gene-VEGF axis have dual role on immune response in inflammation of UC and tumor growth and progression of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ivan P Jovanovic
- 2. Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Gordana D Radosavljevic
- 2. Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Aleksandar N Arsenijevic
- 2. Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Nebojsa D Zdravkovic
- 3. Department of Medical informatics and statistics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Slobodanka Lj Mitrovic
- 4. Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Nebojsa N Arsenijevic
- 2. Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Serbia
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16
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Mechkarska M, Prajeep M, Radosavljevic GD, Jovanovic IP, Al Baloushi A, Sonnevend A, Lukic ML, Conlon JM. An analog of the host-defense peptide hymenochirin-1B with potent broad-spectrum activity against multidrug-resistant bacteria and immunomodulatory properties. Peptides 2013; 50:153-9. [PMID: 24172540 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2013.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Revised: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/18/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Hymenochirin-1B (IKLSPETKDN(10)LKKVLKGAIK(20)GAIAVAKMV.NH2) is a cationic, amphipathic, α-helical, host-defense peptide, first isolated from skin secretions of the Congo clawed frog Hymenochirus boettgeri (Pipidae). Structure-activity relationships were investigated by synthesizing analogs in which the Pro(5), Glu(6) and Asp(9) on the hydrophilic face of the α-helix are substituted by one or more l-lysine or d-lysine residues. Although replacement with l-lysine generates analogs with increased antimicrobial potency against a range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (up to 8-fold), the peptides are more hemolytic. Increasing the cationicity of hymenochirin-1B while reducing the helicity by substitutions with d-lysine generates analogs that are between 2 and 8 fold more potent than the native peptide and are equally or less hemolytic. [E6k,D9k]hymenochirin-1B represents a candidate for drug development as it shows high potency against clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and a range of Gram-negative bacteria, including multidrug-resistant strains of Acinetobacter baumannii and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (MIC in the range 0.8-3.1 μM) and NDM-1 carbapenemase-producing clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae and Citrobacter freundii (MIC in the range 3.1-6.25 μM), and low hemolytic activity (LC50=302 μM). [E6k,D9k]hymenochirin-1B, at a concentration of 2.5 μM, significantly (P<0.05) stimulates the production of the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4 and IL-10 by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells but is without significant effect on production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-17.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Mechkarska
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, 17666 Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
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Jovanovic IP, Pejnovic NN, Radosavljevic GD, Pantic JM, Milovanovic MZ, Arsenijevic NN, Lukic ML. Interleukin-33/ST2 axis promotes breast cancer growth and metastases by facilitating intratumoral accumulation of immunosuppressive and innate lymphoid cells. Int J Cancer 2013; 134:1669-82. [PMID: 24105680 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.28481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Accepted: 08/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The role of IL-33/ST2 pathway in antitumor immunity is unclear. Using 4T1 breast cancer model we demonstrate time-dependent increase of endogenous IL-33 at both the mRNA and protein levels in primary tumors and metastatic lungs during cancer progression. Administration of IL-33 accelerated tumor growth and development of lung and liver metastases, which was associated with increased intratumoral accumulation of CD11b(+) Gr-1(+) TGF-β1(+) myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) that expressed IL-13α1R, IL-13-producing Lin(-) Sca-1(+) ST2(+) innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) and CD4(+) Foxp3(+) ST2(+) IL-10(+) Tregs compared to untreated mice. Higher incidence of monocytic vs. granulocytic MDSCs and plasmocytoid vs. conventional dendritic cells (DCs) was present in mammary tumors of IL-33-treated mice. Intratumoral NKp46(+) NKG2D(+) and NKp46(+) FasL(+) cells were markedly reduced after IL-33 treatment, while phosphate-buffered saline-treated ST2-deficient mice had increased frequencies of these tumoricidal natural killer (NK) cells compared to untreated wild-type mice. IL-33 promoted intratumoral cell proliferation and neovascularization, which was attenuated in the absence of ST2. Tumor-bearing mice given IL-33 had increased percentages of splenic MDSCs, Lin(-) Sca-1(+) ILCs, IL-10-expressing CD11c(+) DCs and alternatively activated M2 macrophages and higher circulating levels of IL-10 and IL-13. A significantly reduced NK cell, but not CD8(+) T-cell cytotoxicity in IL-33-treated mice was observed and the mammary tumor progression was not affected when CD8(+) T cells were in vivo depleted. We show a previously unrecognized role for IL-33 in promoting breast cancer progression through increased intratumoral accumulation of immunosuppressive cells and by diminishing innate antitumor immunity. Therefore, IL-33 may be considered as an important mediator in the regulation of breast cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan P Jovanovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
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Pejnovic NN, Pantic JM, Jovanovic IP, Radosavljevic GD, Djukic AL, Arsenijevic NN, Lukic ML. Galectin-3 is a regulator of metaflammation in adipose tissue and pancreatic islets. Adipocyte 2013; 2:266-71. [PMID: 24052904 PMCID: PMC3774704 DOI: 10.4161/adip.24881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2013] [Revised: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 04/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The cells of the innate and adaptive immune systems have been implicated in the development of obesity-induced metaflammation and metabolic disorders including type 2 diabetes. Galectin-3, a β-galactoside-binding lectin, modulates immune/inflammatory responses and specifically binds to advanced glycation end products (AGE), modified lipoproteins, and endotoxin. In the recently published study we demonstrate proinflammatory changes in the visceral adipose tissue and pancreatic islets in galectin-3-deficient mice fed high-fat diet which also exhibited excess adiposity, hyperglycemia, insulin resistance and systemic inflammation compared with their diet matched wild-type controls. This was associated with the increased incidence of Type-1 T and NKT cells and pro-inflammatory CD11c+CD11b+ macrophages in the visceral adipose tissue. Severe insulitis, infiltration of macrophages expressing NLRP3 inflammasome and IL-1β, and enhanced accumulation of AGE were present within the pancreatic islets in obese LGALS3−/− mice. Moreover, increased caspase-1 dependent IL-1β secretion with increased expression of NLRP3 inflammasome and phospho-NFκBp65 were observed in LGALS3−/− peritoneal macrophages stimulated in vitro by lipopolysaccharide and/or saturated fatty acid palmitate. The amplified high-fat diet-induced obesity and hyperglycemia and exacerbated inflammation in adipose tissue and pancreatic islets in LGALS3−/− mice suggest an important role for galectin-3 in the regulation of adiposity, metaflammation and type 2 diabetes.
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Pejnovic NN, Pantic JM, Jovanovic IP, Radosavljevic GD, Milovanovic MZ, Nikolic IG, Zdravkovic NS, Djukic AL, Arsenijevic NN, Lukic ML. Galectin-3 deficiency accelerates high-fat diet-induced obesity and amplifies inflammation in adipose tissue and pancreatic islets. Diabetes 2013; 62:1932-44. [PMID: 23349493 PMCID: PMC3661611 DOI: 10.2337/db12-0222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Obesity-induced diabetes is associated with low-grade inflammation in adipose tissue and macrophage infiltration of islets. We show that ablation of galectin-3 (Gal-3), a galactoside-binding lectin, accelerates high-fat diet-induced obesity and diabetes. Obese LGALS3(-/-) mice have increased body weight, amount of total visceral adipose tissue (VAT), fasting blood glucose and insulin levels, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, and markers of systemic inflammation compared with diet-matched wild-type (WT) animals. VAT of obese LGALS3(-/-) mice exhibited increased incidence of type 1 T and NKT lymphocytes and proinflammatory CD11c(+)CD11b(+) macrophages and decreased CD4(+)CD25(+)FoxP3(+) regulatory T cells and M2 macrophages. Pronounced mononuclear cell infiltrate, increased expression of NLRP3 inflammasome and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in macrophages, and increased accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and receptor for AGE (RAGE) expression were present in pancreatic islets of obese LGALS3(-/-) animals accompanied with elevated phosphorylated nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 and mature caspase-1 protein expression in pancreatic tissue and VAT. In vitro stimulation of LGALS3(-/-) peritoneal macrophages with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and saturated fatty acid palmitate caused increased caspase-1-dependent IL-1β production and increased phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 compared with WT cells. Transfection of LGALS3(-/-) macrophages with NLRP3 small interfering RNA attenuated IL-1β production in response to palmitate and LPS plus palmitate. Obtained results suggest important protective roles for Gal-3 in obesity-induced inflammation and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada N. Pejnovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Kragujevac, Serbia
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Jelena M. Pantic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Ivan P. Jovanovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | | | | | - Ivana G. Nikolic
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research “Sinisa Stankovic,” University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Aleksandar L. Djukic
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
- Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolic Diseases, Clinical Center Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | | | - Miodrag L. Lukic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Kragujevac, Serbia
- Corresponding author: Miodrag L. Lukic,
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