1
|
Zhang L, Mao R, Lau CT, Chung WC, Chan JCP, Liang F, Zhao C, Zhang X, Bian Z. Identification of useful genes from multiple microarrays for ulcerative colitis diagnosis based on machine learning methods. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9962. [PMID: 35705632 PMCID: PMC9200771 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14048-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic relapsing inflammatory bowel disease with an increasing incidence and prevalence worldwide. The diagnosis for UC mainly relies on clinical symptoms and laboratory examinations. As some previous studies have revealed that there is an association between gene expression signature and disease severity, we thereby aim to assess whether genes can help to diagnose UC and predict its correlation with immune regulation. A total of ten eligible microarrays (including 387 UC patients and 139 healthy subjects) were included in this study, specifically with six microarrays (GSE48634, GSE6731, GSE114527, GSE13367, GSE36807, and GSE3629) in the training group and four microarrays (GSE53306, GSE87473, GSE74265, and GSE96665) in the testing group. After the data processing, we found 87 differently expressed genes. Furthermore, a total of six machine learning methods, including support vector machine, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, random forest, gradient boosting machine, principal component analysis, and neural network were adopted to identify potentially useful genes. The synthetic minority oversampling (SMOTE) was used to adjust the imbalanced sample size for two groups (if any). Consequently, six genes were selected for model establishment. According to the receiver operating characteristic, two genes of OLFM4 and C4BPB were finally identified. The average values of area under curve for these two genes are higher than 0.8, either in the original datasets or SMOTE-adjusted datasets. Besides, these two genes also significantly correlated to six immune cells, namely Macrophages M1, Macrophages M2, Mast cells activated, Mast cells resting, Monocytes, and NK cells activated (P < 0.05). OLFM4 and C4BPB may be conducive to identifying patients with UC. Further verification studies could be conducted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Rui Mao
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Chung Tai Lau
- Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Hong Kong), Hong Kong Chinese Medicine Clinical Study Centre, Chinese EQUATOR Centre, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Wai Chak Chung
- Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Hong Kong), Hong Kong Chinese Medicine Clinical Study Centre, Chinese EQUATOR Centre, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Jacky C P Chan
- Department of Computer Science, HKBU Faculty of Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Feng Liang
- Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Hong Kong), Hong Kong Chinese Medicine Clinical Study Centre, Chinese EQUATOR Centre, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Chenchen Zhao
- Oncology Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Hong Kong), Hong Kong Chinese Medicine Clinical Study Centre, Chinese EQUATOR Centre, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China. .,Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
| | - Zhaoxiang Bian
- Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Hong Kong), Hong Kong Chinese Medicine Clinical Study Centre, Chinese EQUATOR Centre, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China. .,Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang X, Zhang L, Chan JCP, Wang X, Zhao C, Xu Y, Xiong W, Chung WC, Liang F, Wang X, Miao J, Bian Z. Chinese herbal medicines in the treatment of ulcerative colitis: a review. Chin Med 2022; 17:43. [PMID: 35379276 PMCID: PMC8981751 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-022-00591-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate how the ulcerative colitis (UC) be treated with Chinese herbal medicines (CHM), using Chinese medicine (CM) pattern (zheng) identification, in the current clinical practice. Methods A total of 7 electronic databases were systematically searched for UC clinical studies with CHM interventions (including single herbs and CHM formulas) published in English and Chinese from the date of their inception to November 25, 2020. Descriptive statistics were adopted to demonstrate the characteristics of study design, and to collate the commonly CM patterns of UC and frequently used CHM herbs and formulas. Further, IBM SPSS Modeler 18.0 and Cytoscape 3.7.1 software were used to analyze and visualize the associations between different categories of CHM and their zheng indications. Results A total of 2311 articles were included in this study, of which most (> 90%) were RCTs with CHM formulas. The most common zheng of UC was Large intestine dampness-heat, while the basic type of CM patten was Spleen deficiency. The most frequently used classical formula was Bai-Tou-Weng-Tang, followed by Shen-Ling-Bai-Zhu-San, and the commonly used proprietary CHM was Xi-Lei-San (enema). Sulfasalazine and Mesalazine are commonly used as concomitant western medicines. The most frequently used single medicinals were Huang Lian and Bai Zhu, which also identified as the core herbs for different CM patterns. Conclusion This study examined the application of CHM interventions for UC and summarized their characteristics in clinical practice. These data indicated there were limited information about the safety assessment of CHM formulas and further RCTs including CM pattern(s) with strict design are necessary. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13020-022-00591-x.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zhang
- Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Hong Kong), Hong Kong Chinese Medicine Clinical Study Centre, Chinese EQUATOR Centre, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR of China.,Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development Limited, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR of China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jacky C P Chan
- Department of Computer Science, HKBU Faculty of Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR of China
| | - Xihong Wang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Chenchen Zhao
- Oncology Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Weifeng Xiong
- College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wai Chak Chung
- Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Hong Kong), Hong Kong Chinese Medicine Clinical Study Centre, Chinese EQUATOR Centre, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR of China
| | - Feng Liang
- Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Hong Kong), Hong Kong Chinese Medicine Clinical Study Centre, Chinese EQUATOR Centre, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR of China
| | - Xu Wang
- College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jiangxia Miao
- School of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR of China
| | - Zhaoxiang Bian
- Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Hong Kong), Hong Kong Chinese Medicine Clinical Study Centre, Chinese EQUATOR Centre, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR of China. .,Centre for Chinese Herbal Medicine Drug Development Limited, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR of China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang X, Lan L, Chan JCP, Zhong LLD, Cheng CW, Lam WC, Tian R, Zhao C, Wu TX, Shang HC, Lyu AP, Bian ZX. WHO Trial Registration Data Set (TRDS) extension for traditional Chinese medicine 2020: recommendations, explanation, and elaboration. BMC Med Res Methodol 2020; 20:192. [PMID: 32680474 PMCID: PMC7367238 DOI: 10.1186/s12874-020-01077-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although the WHO Trial Registration Data Set (TRDS) has been published for many years, the quality of clinical trial registrations with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is still not satisfactory, especially about the inadequate reporting on TCM interventions. The development of the WHO TRDS for TCM Extension 2020 (WHO TRDS-TCM 2020) aims to address this inadequacy. Methods A group of clinical experts, methodologists, epidemiologists, and editors has developed this WHO TRDS-TCM 2020 through a comprehensive process, including the baseline survey, draft of the initial items, three-round of Delphi survey, solicitation of comments, revision, and finalization. Results The WHO TRDS-TCM 2020 statement extends the latest version (V.1.3.1) of TRDS published in November 2017. The checklist includes 11 extended items (including subitems), namely Source(s) of Monetary or Material Support (Item 4), Scientific Title (Item 10a and 10b), Countries of Recruitment (Item 11), Health Condition(s) or Problem(s) Studied (Item 12), Intervention(s) (Item 13a, 13b and 13c), Key Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria (Item 14), Primary and Key Secondary Outcomes (Item 19 to 20), and Lay Summary (Item B1). For Item 13 (Interventions), three common TCM interventions--i.e., Chinese herbal medicine formulas, acupuncture and moxibustion—are elaborated. Conclusions The group hopes that the WHO TRDS-TCM 2020 can improve the reporting quality and transparency of TCM trial registrations, assist registries in assessing the registration quality of TCM trials, and help readers understand TCM trial design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zhang
- Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Hong Kong), Hong Kong Chinese Medicine Clinical Study Centre, The EQUATOR China Centre, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU), Room 307, Jockey Club School of Chinese Medicine Building, 7 Baptist University Road, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, HKSAR, China
| | - Liang Lan
- Department of Computer Science, HKBU Faculty of Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Jacky C P Chan
- Department of Computer Science, HKBU Faculty of Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Linda L D Zhong
- Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Hong Kong), Hong Kong Chinese Medicine Clinical Study Centre, The EQUATOR China Centre, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU), Room 307, Jockey Club School of Chinese Medicine Building, 7 Baptist University Road, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, HKSAR, China
| | - Chung-Wah Cheng
- Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Hong Kong), Hong Kong Chinese Medicine Clinical Study Centre, The EQUATOR China Centre, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU), Room 307, Jockey Club School of Chinese Medicine Building, 7 Baptist University Road, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, HKSAR, China
| | - Wai-Ching Lam
- Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Hong Kong), Hong Kong Chinese Medicine Clinical Study Centre, The EQUATOR China Centre, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU), Room 307, Jockey Club School of Chinese Medicine Building, 7 Baptist University Road, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, HKSAR, China
| | - Ran Tian
- Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Hong Kong), Hong Kong Chinese Medicine Clinical Study Centre, The EQUATOR China Centre, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU), Room 307, Jockey Club School of Chinese Medicine Building, 7 Baptist University Road, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, HKSAR, China
| | - Chen Zhao
- Institute of Basic Research In Clinical Medicine, China Academy Of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tai-Xiang Wu
- Chinese Cochrane Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China Trial Registration Center, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hong-Cai Shang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ai-Ping Lyu
- Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Hong Kong), Hong Kong Chinese Medicine Clinical Study Centre, The EQUATOR China Centre, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU), Room 307, Jockey Club School of Chinese Medicine Building, 7 Baptist University Road, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, HKSAR, China
| | - Zhao-Xiang Bian
- Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Hong Kong), Hong Kong Chinese Medicine Clinical Study Centre, The EQUATOR China Centre, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU), Room 307, Jockey Club School of Chinese Medicine Building, 7 Baptist University Road, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, HKSAR, China.
| |
Collapse
|