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An J, Jeong S, Park K, Jin H, Park J, Shin E, Lee JH, Song WJ, Kwon HS, Cho YS, Lee JE, Won S, Kim TB. Blood transcriptome differentiates clinical clusters for asthma. World Allergy Organ J 2024; 17:100871. [PMID: 38317769 PMCID: PMC10839776 DOI: 10.1016/j.waojou.2024.100871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background In previous studies, several asthma phenotypes were identified using clinical and demographic parameters. Transcriptional phenotypes were mainly identified using sputum and bronchial cells. Objective We aimed to investigate asthma phenotypes via clustering analysis using clinical variables and compare the transcription levels among clusters using gene expression profiling of the blood. Methods Clustering analysis was performed using 6 parameters: age of asthma onset, body mass index, pack-years of smoking, forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), FEV1/forced vital capacity, and blood eosinophil counts. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from whole blood samples and RNA was extracted from selected PBMCs. Transcriptional profiles were generated (Illumina NovaSeq 6000) and analyzed using the reference genome and gene annotation files (hg19.refGene.gft). Pathway enrichment analysis was conducted using GO, KEGG, and REACTOME databases. Results In total, 355 patients with asthma were included in the analysis, of whom 72 (20.3%) had severe asthma. Clustering of the 6 parameters revealed 4 distinct subtypes. Cluster 1 (n = 63) had lower predicted FEV1 % and higher pack-years of smoking and neutrophils in sputum. Cluster 2 (n = 43) had a higher proportion and number of eosinophils in sputum and blood, and severe airflow limitation. Cluster 3 (n = 110) consisted of younger subjects with atopic features. Cluster 4 (n = 139) included features of late-onset mild asthma. Differentially expressed genes between clusters 1 and 2 were related to inflammatory responses and cell activation. Th17 cell differentiation and interferon gamma-mediated signaling pathways were related to neutrophilic inflammation in asthma. Conclusion Four clinical clusters were differentiated based on clinical parameters and blood eosinophils in adult patients with asthma form the Cohort for Reality and Evolution of Adult Asthma in Korea (COREA) cohort. Gene expression profiling and molecular pathways are novel means of classifying asthma phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin An
- Department of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seungpil Jeong
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyungtaek Park
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Heejin Jin
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jaehyun Park
- Interdisciplinary Program of Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Ji-Hyang Lee
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Woo-Jung Song
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyouk-Soo Kwon
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - You Sook Cho
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Sungho Won
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program of Bioinformatics, College of Natural Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tae-Bum Kim
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Kim SG, Lee JY, Jeong WG, Lee JE, Kim YH. Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings and Clinical Features of COVID-19 Vaccine-Associated Myocarditis, Compared With Those of Other Types of Myocarditis. J Korean Med Sci 2024; 39:e42. [PMID: 38288542 PMCID: PMC10825460 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2024.39.e42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To compare the clinical and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging findings of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine-associated myocarditis (VAM) with those of other types of myocarditis. METHODS From January 2020 to March 2022, a total of 39 patients diagnosed with myocarditis via CMR according to the Modified Lake Louise criteria were included in the present study. The patients were classified into two groups based on their vaccination status: COVID-19 VAM and other types of myocarditis not associated with COVID-19 vaccination. Clinical outcomes, including the development of clinically significant arrhythmias, sudden cardiac arrest, and death, and CMR imaging features were compared between COVID-19 VAM and other types of myocarditis. RESULTS Of the 39 included patients (mean age, 39 years ± 16.4 [standard deviation]; 23 men), 23 (59%) had COVID-19 VAM and 16 (41%) had other types of myocarditis. The occurrence of clinical adverse events did not differ significantly between the two groups. As per the CMR imaging findings, the presence and dominant pattern of late gadolinium enhancement did not differ significantly between the two groups. The presence of high native T1 or T2 values was not significantly different between the two groups. Although the native T1 and T2 values tended to be lower in COVID-19 VAM than in other types of myocarditis, there were no statistically significant differences between the native T1 and T2 values in the two groups. CONCLUSION The present study demonstrated that the CMR imaging findings and clinical outcomes of COVID-19 VAM did not differ significantly from those of other types of myocarditis during hospitalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Gyun Kim
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jeong Yeop Lee
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Won Gi Jeong
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Jong Eun Lee
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Yun-Hyeon Kim
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea.
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Lee JE, Jin KN, Hong H, Jeong YJ, Yoon SH. Effectiveness of COVID-19 Vaccines Over Time Against Clinical and Radiologic Outcomes Related to Severe SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Radiology 2024; 310:e231928. [PMID: 38259210 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.231928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Background The impact of waning vaccine effectiveness on the severity of COVID-19-related findings discovered with radiologic examinations remains underexplored. Purpose To evaluate the effectiveness of vaccines over time against severe clinical and radiologic outcomes related to SARS-CoV-2 infections. Materials and Methods This multicenter retrospective study included patients in the Korean Imaging Cohort of COVID-19 database who were hospitalized for COVID-19 between June 2021 and December 2022. Patients who had received at least one dose of a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine were categorized based on the time elapsed between diagnosis and their last vaccination. Adjusted multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to estimate vaccine effectiveness against a composite of severe clinical outcomes (invasive ventilation, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, or in-hospital death) and severe radiologic pneumonia (≥25% of lung involvement), and odds ratios (ORs) were compared between patients vaccinated within 90 days of diagnosis and those vaccinated more than 90 days before diagnosis. Results Of 4196 patients with COVID-19 (mean age, 66 years ± 17 [SD]; 2132 [51%] women, 2064 [49%] men), the ratio of severe pneumonia since their most recent vaccination was as follows: 90 days or less, 18% (277 of 1527); between 91 and 120 days, 22% (172 of 783); between 121 and 180 days, 27% (274 of 1032); between 181 and 240 days, 32% (159 of 496); and more than 240 days, 31% (110 of 358). Patients vaccinated more than 240 days before diagnosis showed increased odds of severe clinical outcomes compared with patients vaccinated within 90 days (OR = 1.94 [95% CI: 1.16, 3.24]; P = .01). Similarly, patients vaccinated more than 240 days before diagnosis showed increased odds of severe pneumonia on chest radiographs compared with patients vaccinated within 90 days (OR = 1.65 [95% CI: 1.13, 2.40]; P = .009). No difference in odds of severe clinical outcomes (P = .13 to P = .68) or severe pneumonia (P = .15 to P = .86) were observed between patients vaccinated 91-240 days before diagnosis and those vaccinated within 90 days of diagnosis. Conclusion Vaccine effectiveness against severe clinical outcomes and severe pneumonia related to SARS-CoV-2 infection gradually declined, with increased odds of both observed in patients vaccinated more than 240 days before diagnosis. © RSNA, 2024 Supplemental material is available for this article. See also the editorial by Wells in this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Eun Lee
- From the Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea (J.E.L.); Department of Radiology, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea (K.N.J.); Medical Research Collaborating Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea (H.H.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea (Y.J.J.); and Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea (S.H.Y.)
| | - Kwang Nam Jin
- From the Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea (J.E.L.); Department of Radiology, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea (K.N.J.); Medical Research Collaborating Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea (H.H.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea (Y.J.J.); and Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea (S.H.Y.)
| | - Hyunsook Hong
- From the Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea (J.E.L.); Department of Radiology, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea (K.N.J.); Medical Research Collaborating Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea (H.H.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea (Y.J.J.); and Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea (S.H.Y.)
| | - Yeon Joo Jeong
- From the Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea (J.E.L.); Department of Radiology, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea (K.N.J.); Medical Research Collaborating Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea (H.H.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea (Y.J.J.); and Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea (S.H.Y.)
| | - Soon Ho Yoon
- From the Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea (J.E.L.); Department of Radiology, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea (K.N.J.); Medical Research Collaborating Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea (H.H.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea (Y.J.J.); and Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea (S.H.Y.)
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Cha MJ, Solomon JJ, Lee JE, Choi H, Chae KJ, Lee KS, Lynch DA. Chronic Lung Injury after COVID-19 Pneumonia: Clinical, Radiologic, and Histopathologic Perspectives. Radiology 2024; 310:e231643. [PMID: 38193836 PMCID: PMC10831480 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.231643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
With the COVID-19 pandemic having lasted more than 3 years, concerns are growing about prolonged symptoms and respiratory complications in COVID-19 survivors, collectively termed post-COVID-19 condition (PCC). Up to 50% of patients have residual symptoms and physiologic impairment, particularly dyspnea and reduced diffusion capacity. Studies have also shown that 24%-54% of patients hospitalized during the 1st year of the pandemic exhibit radiologic abnormalities, such as ground-glass opacity, reticular opacity, bronchial dilatation, and air trapping, when imaged more than 1 year after infection. In patients with persistent respiratory symptoms but normal results at chest CT, dual-energy contrast-enhanced CT, xenon 129 MRI, and low-field-strength MRI were reported to show abnormal ventilation and/or perfusion, suggesting that some lung injury may not be detectable with standard CT. Histologic patterns in post-COVID-19 lung disease include fibrosis, organizing pneumonia, and vascular abnormality, indicating that different pathologic mechanisms may contribute to PCC. Therefore, a comprehensive imaging approach is necessary to evaluate and diagnose patients with persistent post-COVID-19 symptoms. This review will focus on the long-term findings of clinical and radiologic abnormalities and describe histopathologic perspectives. It also addresses advanced imaging techniques and deep learning approaches that can be applied to COVID-19 survivors. This field remains an active area of research, and further follow-up studies are warranted for a better understanding of the chronic stage of the disease and developing a multidisciplinary approach for patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jae Cha
- From the Department of Radiology, Chung-Ang University Hospital,
Seoul, Korea (M.J.C., H.C.); Departments of Medicine (J.J.S.) and Radiology
(K.J.C., D.A.L.), National Jewish Health, 1400 Jackson St, Denver, CO 80206;
Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic
of Korea (J.E.L.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Clinical
Medicine of Jeonbuk National University, Biomedical Research Institute of
Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea (K.J.C); and
Department of Radiology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine and Samsung
ChangWon Hospital, Gyeongsangnam, Republic of Korea (K.S.L.)
| | - Joshua J. Solomon
- From the Department of Radiology, Chung-Ang University Hospital,
Seoul, Korea (M.J.C., H.C.); Departments of Medicine (J.J.S.) and Radiology
(K.J.C., D.A.L.), National Jewish Health, 1400 Jackson St, Denver, CO 80206;
Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic
of Korea (J.E.L.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Clinical
Medicine of Jeonbuk National University, Biomedical Research Institute of
Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea (K.J.C); and
Department of Radiology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine and Samsung
ChangWon Hospital, Gyeongsangnam, Republic of Korea (K.S.L.)
| | - Jong Eun Lee
- From the Department of Radiology, Chung-Ang University Hospital,
Seoul, Korea (M.J.C., H.C.); Departments of Medicine (J.J.S.) and Radiology
(K.J.C., D.A.L.), National Jewish Health, 1400 Jackson St, Denver, CO 80206;
Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic
of Korea (J.E.L.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Clinical
Medicine of Jeonbuk National University, Biomedical Research Institute of
Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea (K.J.C); and
Department of Radiology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine and Samsung
ChangWon Hospital, Gyeongsangnam, Republic of Korea (K.S.L.)
| | - Hyewon Choi
- From the Department of Radiology, Chung-Ang University Hospital,
Seoul, Korea (M.J.C., H.C.); Departments of Medicine (J.J.S.) and Radiology
(K.J.C., D.A.L.), National Jewish Health, 1400 Jackson St, Denver, CO 80206;
Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic
of Korea (J.E.L.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Clinical
Medicine of Jeonbuk National University, Biomedical Research Institute of
Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea (K.J.C); and
Department of Radiology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine and Samsung
ChangWon Hospital, Gyeongsangnam, Republic of Korea (K.S.L.)
| | - Kum Ju Chae
- From the Department of Radiology, Chung-Ang University Hospital,
Seoul, Korea (M.J.C., H.C.); Departments of Medicine (J.J.S.) and Radiology
(K.J.C., D.A.L.), National Jewish Health, 1400 Jackson St, Denver, CO 80206;
Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic
of Korea (J.E.L.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Clinical
Medicine of Jeonbuk National University, Biomedical Research Institute of
Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea (K.J.C); and
Department of Radiology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine and Samsung
ChangWon Hospital, Gyeongsangnam, Republic of Korea (K.S.L.)
| | - Kyung Soo Lee
- From the Department of Radiology, Chung-Ang University Hospital,
Seoul, Korea (M.J.C., H.C.); Departments of Medicine (J.J.S.) and Radiology
(K.J.C., D.A.L.), National Jewish Health, 1400 Jackson St, Denver, CO 80206;
Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic
of Korea (J.E.L.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Clinical
Medicine of Jeonbuk National University, Biomedical Research Institute of
Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea (K.J.C); and
Department of Radiology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine and Samsung
ChangWon Hospital, Gyeongsangnam, Republic of Korea (K.S.L.)
| | - David A. Lynch
- From the Department of Radiology, Chung-Ang University Hospital,
Seoul, Korea (M.J.C., H.C.); Departments of Medicine (J.J.S.) and Radiology
(K.J.C., D.A.L.), National Jewish Health, 1400 Jackson St, Denver, CO 80206;
Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic
of Korea (J.E.L.); Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Clinical
Medicine of Jeonbuk National University, Biomedical Research Institute of
Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea (K.J.C); and
Department of Radiology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine and Samsung
ChangWon Hospital, Gyeongsangnam, Republic of Korea (K.S.L.)
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Sim AY, Choi DH, Kim JY, Kim ER, Goh AR, Lee YH, Lee JE. SGLT2 and DPP4 inhibitors improve Alzheimer's disease-like pathology and cognitive function through distinct mechanisms in a T2D-AD mouse model. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115755. [PMID: 37871560 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) share common features, including insulin resistance. Brain insulin resistance has been implicated as a key factor in the pathogenesis of AD. Recent studies have demonstrated that anti-diabetic drugs sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2-i) and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor (DPP4-i) improve insulin sensitivity and provide neuroprotection. However, the effects of these two inhibitors on the brain metabolism and insulin resistance remain uninvestigated. We developed a T2D-AD mouse model using a high-fat diet (HFD) for 19 weeks along with a single dose of streptozotocin (100 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) at the fourth week of HFD initiation. Subsequently, the animals were treated with SGLT2-i (empagliflozin, 25 mg/kg/day orally [p.o.]) and DPP4-i (sitagliptin, 100 mg/kg/day p.o.) for 7 weeks. Subsequently, behavioral tests were performed, and the expression of insulin signaling, AD-related, and other signaling pathway proteins in the brain were examined. T2D-AD mice not only showed increased blood glucose levels and body weight but also insulin resistance. SGLT2-i and DPP4-i effectively ameliorated insulin sensitivity and reduced body weight in these mice. Furthermore, SGLT2-i and DPP4-i significantly improved hippocampal-dependent learning, memory, and cognitive functions in the T2D-AD mouse model. Interestingly, SGLT2-i and DPP4-i reduced the hyperphosphorylated tau (pTau) levels and amyloid β (Aβ) accumulation and enhanced brain insulin signaling. SGLT2-i reduced pTau accumulation through the angiotensin converting enzyme-2/angiotensin (1-7)/ mitochondrial assembly receptor axis, whereas DPP4-i reduced Aβ accumulation by increasing insulin-degrading enzyme levels. These findings suggest that SGLT2-i and DPP4-i prevent AD-like pathology and cognitive dysfunction in T2D mice potentially through affecting brain insulin signaling via different mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Young Sim
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Da Hyun Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Systems Biology, Glycosylation Network Research Center, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program of Integrated OMICS for Biomedical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong Youl Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eun Ran Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - A-Ra Goh
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yong-Ho Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Systems Biology, Glycosylation Network Research Center, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program of Integrated OMICS for Biomedical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong Eun Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Zhang M, Shui X, Zheng X, Lee JE, Mei Y, Li R, Tian Y, Zheng X, Wang Q, Wang L, Chen D, Zhang T, Kim BM, Kim J, Lee TH. Death-associated protein kinase 1 phosphorylates MDM2 and inhibits its protein stability and function. Arch Pharm Res 2023; 46:882-896. [PMID: 37804415 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-023-01469-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the major malignancies in women, and most related deaths are due to recurrence, drug resistance, and metastasis. The expression of the mouse double minute 2 (MDM2) oncogene is upregulated in breast cancer; however, its regulatory mechanism has yet to be fully elucidated. Herein, we identified the tumor suppressor death-associated protein kinase 1 (DAPK1) as a novel MDM2 regulator by unbiased peptide library screening. DAPK1 is directly bound to MDM2 and phosphorylates it at Thr419. DAPK1-mediated MDM2 phosphorylation promoted its protein degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, resulting in upregulated p53 expression. DAPK1 overexpression, but not its kinase activity-deficient form, decreased colony formation and increased doxorubicin-induced cell death; however, DAPK1 knockdown produced the opposite effects in human breast cancer cells. In a xenograft tumorigenesis assay, DAPK1 overexpression significantly reduced tumor formation, whereas inhibition of DAPK1 kinase activity reduced its antitumorigenic effect. Finally, DAPK1 expression was negatively correlated with MDM2 levels in human breast cancer tissues. Thus, these results suggest that DAPK1-mediated MDM2 phosphorylation and its protein degradation may contribute to its antitumorigenic function in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Zhang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute of Basic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xuefu North Road, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China
| | - Xindong Shui
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute of Basic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xuefu North Road, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaoqing Zheng
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute of Basic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xuefu North Road, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China
| | - Jong Eun Lee
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yingxue Mei
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute of Basic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xuefu North Road, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China
| | - Ruomeng Li
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute of Basic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xuefu North Road, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China
| | - Yuan Tian
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute of Basic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xuefu North Road, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China
| | - Xiuzhi Zheng
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute of Basic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xuefu North Road, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China
| | - Quling Wang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute of Basic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xuefu North Road, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China
| | - Long Wang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute of Basic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xuefu North Road, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China
| | - Dongmei Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute of Basic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xuefu North Road, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute of Basic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xuefu North Road, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China
| | - Byeong Mo Kim
- Research Center for New Drug Development, AgingTarget Inc., Uiwang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungho Kim
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Ho Lee
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute of Basic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, 1 Xuefu North Road, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China.
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Choi YS, Song JE, Kim E, Kim CH, Lee JE, Song HT. Hyperpolarized [1- 13C]pyruvate Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Shows That Agmatine Increased Lactate Production in the Brain of Type 2 Diabetic Mice. Yonsei Med J 2023; 64:625-632. [PMID: 37727922 PMCID: PMC10522877 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2022.0554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with a 2-fold increased risk of developing Alzheimer's disease. In earlier research, agmatine has been demonstrated to alleviate diabetes symptoms and increase cognitive performance. However, it is unclear whether the improvement of cognitive function is attributable to the reduction of diabetic symptoms or its direct influence on brain metabolism. Using hyperpolarized (HP) [1-13C]pyruvate magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), this study intends to evaluate the influence of agmatine on brain metabolism. MATERIALS AND METHODS ICR mice were fed a high-fat diet and injected with streptozotocin to develop a T2DM animal model. During a 2-week period, T2DM mice were treated with normal saline or 100 mg/kg of agmatine, and brain HP [1-13C]pyruvate MRS was performed. The effect of agmatine on lactate generation and NADH/NAD+ redox state was investigated using C6 and neuro-2a (N2a) cells. RESULTS As a perfusion marker, the total 13C signals in the brain of T2DM mice (p=0.07) and agmatine-treated mice (p<0.05) were reduced. The conversion constant (Kpl) from [1-13C]pyruvate to [1-13C]lactate was not distinguishable in the brains of T2DM mice but was significantly increased in the brains of agmatine-treated T2DM mice. Treating C6 and N2a cells with agmatine increased NADH/NAD+ratio and lactate generation. CONCLUSION Agmatine influences the NADH/NAD+ redox state in the brains of T2DM mice, which may be connected with enhanced cognitive performance and increased conversion of HP [1-13C]pyruvate to HP [1-13C]lactate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Suk Choi
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Eun Song
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Promaxo Inc., Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Eosu Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chul Hoon Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- BK21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences and Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Eun Lee
- BK21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences and Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Anatomy and Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Ho-Taek Song
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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8
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Yoon SH, Ham SY, Nam BD, Chae KJ, Lee D, Yoo JY, Bak SH, Kim JY, Kim JH, Kim KB, Jung JI, Lim JK, Lee JE, Chung MJ, Lee YK, Kim YS, Jo JE, Lee SM, Kwon W, Park CM, Kim YH, Jeong YJ. Erratum: Correction of Affiliations in the Article "Establishment of a Nationwide Korean Imaging Cohort of Coronavirus Disease 2019". J Korean Med Sci 2023; 38:e298. [PMID: 37644687 PMCID: PMC10462478 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2023.38.e298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
This corrects the article on p. e413 in vol. 35, PMID: 33258333.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soon Ho Yoon
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo-Youn Ham
- Department of Radiology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bo Da Nam
- Department of Radiology, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kum Ju Chae
- Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Dabee Lee
- Department of Radiology, Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Jin Young Yoo
- Department of Radiology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
| | - So Hyeon Bak
- Department of Radiology, Kangwon National University Hospital, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Jin Young Kim
- Department of Radiology, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jin Hwan Kim
- Department of Radiology, Chungnam National University Hospital, College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Ki Beom Kim
- Department of Radiology, Daegu Fatima Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jung Im Jung
- Department of Radiology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Kwang Lim
- Department of Radiology, Kyungpook National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jong Eun Lee
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Myung Jin Chung
- Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Young Seon Kim
- Department of Radiology, Yeungnam University Hospital, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Ji Eun Jo
- Department of Radiology, Busan Medical Center, Busan, Korea
| | - Sang Min Lee
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woocheol Kwon
- Department of Radiology, Ewha Womans University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Min Park
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yun-Hyeon Kim
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Yeon Joo Jeong
- Department of Radiology, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Busan, Korea.
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Lee HW, Yang HJ, Kim H, Kim UH, Kim DH, Yoon SH, Ham SY, Nam BD, Chae KJ, Lee D, Yoo JY, Bak SH, Kim JY, Kim JH, Kim KB, Jung JI, Lim JK, Lee JE, Chung MJ, Lee YK, Kim YS, Lee SM, Kwon W, Park CM, Kim YH, Jeong YJ, Jin KN, Goo JM. Correction: Deep Learning With Chest Radiographs for Making Prognoses in Patients With COVID-19: Retrospective Cohort Study. J Med Internet Res 2023; 25:e51951. [PMID: 37611252 PMCID: PMC10448970 DOI: 10.2196/51951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.2196/42717.].
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Woo Lee
- Division of Respiratory and Critical CareDepartment of Internal MedicineSeoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical CenterSeoulRepublic of Korea
- College of MedicineSeoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jun Yang
- College of MedicineSeoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Hyungjin Kim
- College of MedicineSeoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
- Department of RadiologySeoul National University Medical Research CenterSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Ue-Hwan Kim
- AI Graduate SchoolGwangju Institute of Science and TechnologyGwangjuRepublic of Korea
| | - Dong Hyun Kim
- College of MedicineSeoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
- Department of RadiologySeoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical CenterSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Soon Ho Yoon
- College of MedicineSeoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
- Department of RadiologySeoul National University Medical Research CenterSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Soo-Youn Ham
- Department of RadiologyKangbuk Samsung HospitalSungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Bo Da Nam
- Department of RadiologySoonchunhyang University Seoul HospitalSoonchunhyang University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Kum Ju Chae
- Department of RadiologyResearch Institute of Clinical MedicineJeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University HospitalJeonjuRepublic of Korea
| | - Dabee Lee
- Department of RadiologyDankook University HospitalCheonanRepublic of Korea
| | - Jin Young Yoo
- Department of RadiologyChungbuk National University HospitalCheongjuRepublic of Korea
| | - So Hyeon Bak
- Department of RadiologyKangwon National University HospitalKangwon National University School of MedicineChuncheonRepublic of Korea
| | - Jin Young Kim
- Department of RadiologyKeimyung University Dongsan HospitalKeimyung University School of MedicineDaeguRepublic of Korea
| | - Jin Hwan Kim
- Department of RadiologyChungnam National University HospitalCollege of MedicineDaejeonRepublic of Korea
| | - Ki Beom Kim
- Department of RadiologyDaegu Fatima HospitalDaeguRepublic of Korea
| | - Jung Im Jung
- Department of RadiologySeoul St. Mary's HospitalCollege of Medicine, The Catholic University of KoreaSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Jae-Kwang Lim
- Department of RadiologyKyungpook National University HospitalSchool of Medicine, Kyungpook National UniversityDaeguRepublic of Korea
| | - Jong Eun Lee
- Department of RadiologyChonnam National University HospitalGwangjuRepublic of Korea
| | - Myung Jin Chung
- Department of RadiologySamsung Medical CenterSungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Young Kyung Lee
- Department of RadiologySeoul Medical CenterSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Young Seon Kim
- Department of RadiologyYeungnam University HospitalYeungnam University College of MedicineDaeguRepublic of Korea
| | - Sang Min Lee
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of RadiologyAsan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Woocheol Kwon
- Department of RadiologyEwha Womans University Seoul HospitalSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Chang Min Park
- College of MedicineSeoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
- Department of RadiologySeoul National University Medical Research CenterSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Yun-Hyeon Kim
- Department of RadiologyChonnam National University HospitalGwangjuRepublic of Korea
| | - Yeon Joo Jeong
- Department of RadiologyPusan National University HospitalPusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research InstituteBusanRepublic of Korea
| | - Kwang Nam Jin
- College of MedicineSeoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
- Department of RadiologySeoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical CenterSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Jin Mo Goo
- College of MedicineSeoul National UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea
- Department of RadiologySeoul National University Medical Research CenterSeoulRepublic of Korea
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Hong S, Lee JE, Kim CY, Seong GJ. Retraction Note: Agmatine protects retinal ganglion cells from hypoxia-induced apoptosis in transformed rat retinal ganglion cell line. BMC Neurosci 2023; 24:42. [PMID: 37580650 PMCID: PMC10426147 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-023-00814-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Samin Hong
- Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Eun Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chan Yun Kim
- Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gong Je Seong
- Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Lee JE, Hwang M, Kim YH, Chung MJ, Jeong WG, Sim BH, Jeong YJ. Comparison of Clinical Outcomes and Imaging Features in Hospitalized Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Subvariants. Radiology 2023; 308:e230653. [PMID: 37462497 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.230653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Background Differences in the clinical and radiological characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants have not been well studied. Purpose To compare clinical disease severity and radiologically severe pneumonia in patients with COVID-19 hospitalized during a period of either Omicron BA.1/BA.2 or Omicron BA.5 subvariant predominance. Materials and Methods This multicenter retrospective study, included patients registered in the Korean Imaging Cohort of COVID-19 database who were hospitalized for COVID-19 between January and December 2022. Publicly available relative variant genome frequency data were used to determine the dominant periods of Omicron BA.1/BA.2 subvariants (January 17 to June 20, 2022) and the Omicron BA.5 subvariant (July 4 to December 5, 2022). Clinical outcomes and imaging pneumonia outcomes based on chest radiography and CT were compared among predominant subvariants using multivariable analyses adjusted for covariates. Results Of 1916 confirmed patients with COVID-19 (mean age, 72 years ± 16 [SD]; 1019 males), 1269 were registered during the Omicron BA.1/BA.2 subvariant dominant period and 647 during the Omicron BA.5 subvariant dominant period. Patients in the BA.5 group showed lower odds of high-flow O2 requirement (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 0.75 [95% CI: 0.57, 0.99]; P = .04), mechanical ventilation (adjusted OR, 0.49 [95% CI: 0.34, 0.72]; P < .001]), and death (adjusted OR, 0.47 [95% CI: 0.33, 0.68]; P <.001) than those in the BA.1/BA.2 group. Additionally, the BA.5 group had lower odds of severe pneumonia on chest radiographs (adjusted OR, 0.68 [95% CI: 0.53, 0.88]; P = .004) and higher odds of atypical pattern pneumonia on CT images (adjusted OR, 1.81 [95% CI: 1.26, 2.58]; P = .001) than the BA.1/BA.2 group. Conclusions Patients hospitalized during the period of Omicron BA.5 subvariant predominance had lower odds of clinical and pneumonia severity than those hospitalized during the period of Omicron BA.1/BA.2 predominance, even after adjusting for covariates. See also the editorial by Hammer in this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Eun Lee
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Minhee Hwang
- Department of Radiology, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Busan, Korea
| | - Yun-Hyeon Kim
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Myung Jin Chung
- Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won Gi Jeong
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Byeong Hak Sim
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Yeon Joo Jeong
- Department of Radiology, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
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12
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Kim J, Sim AY, Barua S, Kim JY, Lee JE. Agmatine-IRF2BP2 interaction induces M2 phenotype of microglia by increasing IRF2-KLF4 signaling. Inflamm Res 2023:10.1007/s00011-023-01741-z. [PMID: 37314519 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-023-01741-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Following central nervous system (CNS) injury, the investigation for neuroinflammation is vital because of its pleiotropic role in both acute injury and long-term recovery. Agmatine (Agm) is well known for its neuroprotective effects and anti-neuroinflammatory properties. However, Agm's mechanism for neuroprotection is still unclear. We screened target proteins that bind to Agm using a protein microarray; the results showed that Agm strongly binds to interferon regulatory factor 2 binding protein (IRF2BP2), which partakes in the inflammatory response. Based on these prior data, we attempted to elucidate the mechanism by which the combination of Agm and IRF2BP2 induces a neuroprotective phenotype of microglia. METHODS To confirm the relationship between Agm and IRF2BP2 in neuroinflammation, we used microglia cell-line (BV2) and treated with lipopolysaccharide from Escherichia coli 0111:B4 (LPS; 20 ng/mL, 24 h) and interleukin (IL)-4 (20 ng/mL, 24 h). Although Agm bound to IRF2BP2, it failed to enhance IRF2BP2 expression in BV2. Therefore, we shifted our focus onto interferon regulatory factor 2 (IRF2), which is a transcription factor and interacts with IRF2BP2. RESULTS IRF2 was highly expressed in BV2 after LPS treatment but not after IL-4 treatment. When Agm bound to IRF2BP2 following Agm treatment, the free IRF2 translocated to the nucleus of BV2. The translocated IRF2 activated the transcription of Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4), causing KLF4 to be induced in BV2. The expression of KLF4 increased the CD206-positive cells in BV2. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, unbound IRF2, resulting from the competitive binding of Agm to IRF2BP2, may provide neuroprotection against neuroinflammation via an anti-inflammatory mechanism of microglia involving the expression of KLF4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwon Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - A Young Sim
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sumit Barua
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Youl Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong Eun Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Lee HJ, Nguyen AT, Song MW, Lee JE, Park SB, Jeong WG, Park MH, Lee JS, Park I, Lim HS. Prediction of Residual Axillary Nodal Metastasis Following Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer: Radiomics Analysis Based on Chest Computed Tomography. Korean J Radiol 2023; 24:498-511. [PMID: 37271204 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2022.0731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the diagnostic performance of chest computed tomography (CT)-based qualitative and radiomics models for predicting residual axillary nodal metastasis after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for patients with clinically node-positive breast cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective study included 226 women (mean age, 51.4 years) with clinically node-positive breast cancer treated with NAC followed by surgery between January 2015 and July 2021. Patients were randomly divided into the training and test sets (4:1 ratio). The following predictive models were built: a qualitative CT feature model using logistic regression based on qualitative imaging features of axillary nodes from the pooled data obtained using the visual interpretations of three radiologists; three radiomics models using radiomics features from three (intranodal, perinodal, and combined) different regions of interest (ROIs) delineated on pre-NAC CT and post-NAC CT using a gradient-boosting classifier; and fusion models integrating clinicopathologic factors with the qualitative CT feature model (referred to as clinical-qualitative CT feature models) or with the combined ROI radiomics model (referred to as clinical-radiomics models). The area under the curve (AUC) was used to assess and compare the model performance. RESULTS Clinical N stage, biological subtype, and primary tumor response indicated by imaging were associated with residual nodal metastasis during the multivariable analysis (all P < 0.05). The AUCs of the qualitative CT feature model and radiomics models (intranodal, perinodal, and combined ROI models) according to post-NAC CT were 0.642, 0.812, 0.762, and 0.832, respectively. The AUCs of the clinical-qualitative CT feature model and clinical-radiomics model according to post-NAC CT were 0.740 and 0.866, respectively. CONCLUSION CT-based predictive models showed good diagnostic performance for predicting residual nodal metastasis after NAC. Quantitative radiomics analysis may provide a higher level of performance than qualitative CT features models. Larger multicenter studies should be conducted to confirm their performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Jae Lee
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Anh-Tien Nguyen
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Myung Won Song
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Jong Eun Lee
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Seol Bin Park
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Won Gi Jeong
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Min Ho Park
- Department of Surgery, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Ji Shin Lee
- Department of Pathology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Ilwoo Park
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
- Department of Artificial Intelligence Convergence, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
- Department of Data Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hyo Soon Lim
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea.
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Cho SH, You GR, Park C, Cho SG, Lee JE, Choi SK, Cho SB, Yoon JH. Acute respiratory distress syndrome and severe pneumonitis after atezolizumab plus bevacizumab for hepatocellular carcinoma treatment: A case report. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2023; 15:892-901. [PMID: 37275450 PMCID: PMC10237029 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v15.i5.892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide and has a high mortality. However, the treatment options for advanced HCC are limited to tyrosine kinase inhibitors, such as sorafenib and lenvatinib. Since previous regimens have an insufficient efficacy, the combination therapy of atezolizumab and bevacizumab (Ate/Bev) has been investigated, which showed an improvement in progression-free and overall survival. However, the adverse events of this combination therapy in advanced HCC have not been established. Herein, we report a novel case of an unresectable HCC and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) after a combination therapy of Ate/Bev.
CASE SUMMARY An 82-year-old male visited our outpatient clinic for an incidentally detected liver mass. Liver magnetic resonance imaging and enhanced chest computed tomography (CT) were performed, which showed arterial hyperenhancement with washout in delayed phase suggesting HCC, and a well-defined metastatic solid nodule, respectively. F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET)-CT exhibited multiple hypermetabolic lesions in the iliac bone, lumbar vertebrae, and femur. Because of the high burden of the intrahepatic tumor, transarterial radioembolization was initially performed; after 37 d, a combination therapy of Ate/Bev was administered. The patient visited the emergency department three days after Ate/Bev treatment complaining of dyspnea. He was diagnosed with severe pneumonitis based on CT. Despite administering oxygen via a high-flow nasal cannula, the P/F ratio was only 74; therefore, the patient was diagnosed with ARDS based on the overall examination results. Low tidal volume with high positive end-expiratory pressure, sedative agents combined with a neuromuscular blocker, and a systemic steroid were promptly applied to manage the ARDS. However, the patient did not recover from the hypoxia and expired 31 h after being admitted.
CONCLUSION Clinicians should be aware of severe pneumonitis due to the immune-related adverse events of this combination therapy, and patients should be closely monitored after therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Hyeon Cho
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chonnam National University Hospital and Medical School, Gwangju 61469, South Korea
| | - Ga Ram You
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hwasun Chonnam National University Hospital and Medical School, Hwasun 58128, South Korea
| | - Chan Park
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital and Medical School, Gwangju 61469, South Korea
| | - Sang-Geon Cho
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Hwasun 58128, South Korea
| | - Jong Eun Lee
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital and Medical School, Gwangju 61469, South Korea
| | - Sung Kyu Choi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chonnam National University Hospital and Medical School, Gwangju 61469, South Korea
| | - Sung Bum Cho
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hwasun Chonnam National University Hospital and Medical School, Hwasun 58128, South Korea
| | - Jae Hyun Yoon
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chonnam National University Hospital and Medical School, Gwangju 61469, South Korea
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Tran TQ, Park M, Lee JE, Kim SH, Jeong JH, Choy HE. Analysis of antibiotic resistance gene cassettes in a newly identified Salmonella enterica serovar Gallinarum strain in Korea. Mob DNA 2023; 14:4. [PMID: 37095552 PMCID: PMC10124037 DOI: 10.1186/s13100-023-00292-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistant pathogens are a global health threat driven by the indiscriminate use of antimicrobials. Antimicrobial resistance can be acquired by resistance genes encoded by mobile genetic elements. In this study, we identified a strain of Salmonella enterica serovar Gallinarum (SG4021) from an infected chicken in Korea and characterized the presence of resistance genes in its plasmid by whole genome sequencing. The sequence was then compared with that of a plasmid (P2) from strain SG_07Q015, the only other strain of S. Gallinarum isolated in Korea for which a genome sequence is available. The results revealed that both strains harbored nearly identical DNA carrying antibiotic resistance gene cassettes inserted into integron In2 of the transposable element Tn21, namely an aadA1 resistance gene conferring resistance to aminoglycosides and a sul1 resistance gene conferring resistance to sulfonamide. Interestingly, despite the presence of sul1 in SG4021, an antibiotic sensitivity test revealed that it was sensitive to sulfonamides. Further analysis revealed that this disparity was due to the insertion of a ~ 5 kb ISCR16 sequence downstream of the promoter driving sul1 expression in SG4021. Using various mutants, we showed that the insertion of ISCR16 blocked the expression of the sul1 gene from the upstream promoter. Therefore, the functionality of antimicrobial resistance genes determines phenotypic antimicrobial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanh Quang Tran
- Departments of Microbiology, Basic Medical Research Building, Chonnam National University Medical College, 322 Seoyangro, Hwansun, Jeonnam, 519-763, South Korea
| | - Minyoung Park
- DNA Link, Inc, Seodaemun-Gu Bugahyeon-Ro 150, Industry Coop Bldg. 2Nd Fl, Seoul, 120-140, South Korea
| | - Jong Eun Lee
- DNA Link, Inc, Seodaemun-Gu Bugahyeon-Ro 150, Industry Coop Bldg. 2Nd Fl, Seoul, 120-140, South Korea
| | - Soo Hyun Kim
- Departments of Microbiology, Basic Medical Research Building, Chonnam National University Medical College, 322 Seoyangro, Hwansun, Jeonnam, 519-763, South Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Jeong
- Departments of Microbiology, Basic Medical Research Building, Chonnam National University Medical College, 322 Seoyangro, Hwansun, Jeonnam, 519-763, South Korea.
- Department of Microbiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, 58128, Jeollanam-Do, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyon E Choy
- Departments of Microbiology, Basic Medical Research Building, Chonnam National University Medical College, 322 Seoyangro, Hwansun, Jeonnam, 519-763, South Korea.
- Department of Microbiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, 58128, Jeollanam-Do, Republic of Korea.
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Kosonen R, Chang JY, Lee S, Kim J, Kim JY, Lee JE. APP96-110 Elicits Neuroprotective Effects Following Ischemic Insult in Animal Models. Neurochem Res 2023:10.1007/s11064-023-03928-6. [PMID: 37069416 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-03928-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Competitive amyloidogenic pathways play an important role in many neurological diseases such as the onset of various degenerative diseases and ischemic stroke. Overexpression of amyloid precursor protein (APP) and amyloid-beta is modulated via the amyloidogenic pathway, which plays a crucial role in neuroinflammation. During ischemic conditions, the activity of the anti-inflammatory non-amyloidogenic pathway decreases, thus increasing the activity of amyloidogenic pathway. The soluble alpha form of APP (sAPPα), formed via the non-amyloidogenic pathway, exhibits neuroprotective effects against neurological diseases. sAPPα is thought to have a modulatory effect on several cell survival pathways, including its ability to inhibit the phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3K) pathway, thereby inhibiting the inflammatory response. The APP derivative, APP96-110, could act as a functional substitute for native sAPPα. Herein, we investigated whether APP96-110 has neuroprotective effects against neuroinflammation and damage following cerebral ischemic stroke. Treatment with diluted APP96-110 (0.005 mg/kg) in mice after 30 min of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) showed improved motor function and reduced expression of the inflammatory marker CD86. APP96-110 decreased the infarct size and induced an anti-inflammatory response by inhibiting the PI3K pathway. These results suggest that the treatment of APP96-110 is efficacious in reducing neuroinflammation and infarct size in ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renée Kosonen
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Ji Young Chang
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Seowoo Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Jiwon Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Jong Youl Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Jong Eun Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
- Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
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17
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Lee JE, Hwang M, Kim YH, Chung MJ, Sim BH, Jeong WG, Jeong YJ. SARS-CoV-2 Variants Infection in Relationship to Imaging-based Pneumonia and Clinical Outcomes. Radiology 2023; 306:e221795. [PMID: 36165791 PMCID: PMC9527969 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.221795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Few reports have evaluated the effect of the SARS-CoV-2 variant and vaccination on the clinical and imaging features of COVID-19. Purpose To evaluate and compare the effect of vaccination and variant prevalence on the clinical and imaging features of infections by the SARS-CoV-2. Materials and Methods Consecutive adults hospitalized for confirmed COVID-19 at three centers (two academic medical centers and one community hospital) and registered in a nationwide open data repository for COVID-19 between August 2021 and March 2022 were retrospectively included. All patients had available chest radiographs or CT images. Patients were divided into two groups according to predominant variant type over the study period. Differences between clinical and imaging features were analyzed with use of the Pearson χ2 test, Fisher exact test, or the independent t test. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the effect of variant predominance and vaccination status on imaging features of pneumonia and clinical severity. Results Of the 2180 patients (mean age, 57 years ± 21; 1171 women), 1022 patients (47%) were treated during the Delta variant predominant period and 1158 (53%) during the Omicron period. The Omicron variant prevalence was associated with lower pneumonia severity based on CT scores (odds ratio [OR], 0.71 [95% CI: 0.51, 0.99; P = .04]) and lower clinical severity based on intensive care unit (ICU) admission or in-hospital death (OR, 0.43 [95% CI: 0.24, 0.77; P = .004]) than the Delta variant prevalence. Vaccination was associated with the lowest odds of severe pneumonia based on CT scores (OR, 0.05 [95% CI: 0.03, 0.13; P < .001]) and clinical severity based on ICU admission or in-hospital death (OR, 0.15 [95% CI: 0.07, 0.31; P < .001]) relative to no vaccination. Conclusion The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant prevalence and vaccination were associated with better clinical outcomes and lower severe pneumonia risk relative to Delta variant prevalence. © RSNA, 2022 Supplemental material is available for this article. See also the editorial by Little in this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Eun Lee
- From the Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea (J.E.L., Y.H.K.); Department of Radiology, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Busan, Korea (M.H.); Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (M.J.C.); Department of Radiology, Namwon Medical Center, Namwon, Korea (B.H.S.); Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea (W.G.J.); and Department of Radiology, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, 20 Geumo-ro, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan 50612, Korea (Y.J.J.)
| | - Minhee Hwang
- From the Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea (J.E.L., Y.H.K.); Department of Radiology, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Busan, Korea (M.H.); Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (M.J.C.); Department of Radiology, Namwon Medical Center, Namwon, Korea (B.H.S.); Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea (W.G.J.); and Department of Radiology, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, 20 Geumo-ro, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan 50612, Korea (Y.J.J.)
| | - Yun-Hyeon Kim
- From the Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea (J.E.L., Y.H.K.); Department of Radiology, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Busan, Korea (M.H.); Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (M.J.C.); Department of Radiology, Namwon Medical Center, Namwon, Korea (B.H.S.); Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea (W.G.J.); and Department of Radiology, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, 20 Geumo-ro, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan 50612, Korea (Y.J.J.)
| | - Myung Jin Chung
- From the Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea (J.E.L., Y.H.K.); Department of Radiology, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Busan, Korea (M.H.); Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (M.J.C.); Department of Radiology, Namwon Medical Center, Namwon, Korea (B.H.S.); Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea (W.G.J.); and Department of Radiology, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, 20 Geumo-ro, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan 50612, Korea (Y.J.J.)
| | - Byeong Hak Sim
- From the Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea (J.E.L., Y.H.K.); Department of Radiology, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Busan, Korea (M.H.); Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (M.J.C.); Department of Radiology, Namwon Medical Center, Namwon, Korea (B.H.S.); Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea (W.G.J.); and Department of Radiology, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, 20 Geumo-ro, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan 50612, Korea (Y.J.J.)
| | - Won Gi Jeong
- From the Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea (J.E.L., Y.H.K.); Department of Radiology, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Busan, Korea (M.H.); Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (M.J.C.); Department of Radiology, Namwon Medical Center, Namwon, Korea (B.H.S.); Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea (W.G.J.); and Department of Radiology, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, 20 Geumo-ro, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan 50612, Korea (Y.J.J.)
| | - Yeon Joo Jeong
- From the Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea (J.E.L., Y.H.K.); Department of Radiology, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Busan, Korea (M.H.); Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea (M.J.C.); Department of Radiology, Namwon Medical Center, Namwon, Korea (B.H.S.); Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea (W.G.J.); and Department of Radiology, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, 20 Geumo-ro, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan 50612, Korea (Y.J.J.)
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18
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Kang SW, Jeong WG, Lee JE, Oh IJ, Song SY, Lee BC, Kim YH. Prognostic significance of location index in resected T1-sized early-stage non-small cell lung cancer. Acta Radiol 2023; 64:1028-1037. [PMID: 35815698 DOI: 10.1177/02841851221111678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While the central location is a known adverse prognostic factor in lung cancer, a precise definition of central lung cancer has not yet emerged. PURPOSE To determine the prognostic significance of central lung cancer (defined by location index) in resected T1-sized early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). MATERIAL AND METHODS Patients with resected T1-sized early-stage NSCLC between 2010 and 2015 at a single tertiary cancer center were retrospectively reviewed. Central lung cancer was defined by a location index of the second tertile or less. Kaplan-Meier analysis with log-rank test and multivariable Cox regression analysis were performed to analyze the relationship between central lung cancer and the prognosis of relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). Inter-observer agreement was assessed using Cohen's kappa value and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). RESULTS Overall, 289 patients (169 men; median age 65 years; interquartile range 58-70 years) were evaluated. Central lung cancer (defined by location index) was adversely associated with RFS (P = 0.005) and OS (P = 0.01). Multivariable Cox regression analysis showed that central lung cancer was independently associated with poor RFS (adjusted hazard ratio 1.91; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.12-3.24; P = 0.017) and OS (adjusted hazard ratio 1.69; 95% CI 1.04-2.74; P = 0.033). Location index demonstrated excellent inter-observer agreement (Cohen's kappa value 0.88; 95% CI 0.82-0.93) with a high ICC (0.98; 95% CI 0.97-0.98). CONCLUSION Central lung cancer defined by a location index of the second tertile or lower is an independent adverse prognostic factor in resected T1-sized early-stage NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Wan Kang
- Department of Radiology, 65417Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Gi Jeong
- Department of Radiology, 65417Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Lung and Esophageal Cancer Clinic, 65722Chonnam National University, Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Eun Lee
- Department of Radiology, 65417Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Jae Oh
- Lung and Esophageal Cancer Clinic, 65722Chonnam National University, Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, 65417Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Yun Song
- Lung and Esophageal Cancer Clinic, 65722Chonnam National University, Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Republic of Korea
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Chonnam National University Medical School, 65416Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Chan Lee
- Department of Radiology, 65417Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Hyeon Kim
- Department of Radiology, 65417Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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19
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Lee HW, Yang HJ, Kim H, Kim UH, Kim DH, Yoon SH, Ham SY, Nam BD, Chae KJ, Lee D, Yoo JY, Bak SH, Kim JY, Kim JH, Kim KB, Jung JI, Lim JK, Lee JE, Chung MJ, Lee YK, Kim YS, Lee SM, Kwon W, Park CM, Kim YH, Jeong YJ, Jin KN, Goo JM. Deep Learning With Chest Radiographs for Making Prognoses in Patients With COVID-19: Retrospective Cohort Study. J Med Internet Res 2023; 25:e42717. [PMID: 36795468 PMCID: PMC9937110 DOI: 10.2196/42717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An artificial intelligence (AI) model using chest radiography (CXR) may provide good performance in making prognoses for COVID-19. OBJECTIVE We aimed to develop and validate a prediction model using CXR based on an AI model and clinical variables to predict clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19. METHODS This retrospective longitudinal study included patients hospitalized for COVID-19 at multiple COVID-19 medical centers between February 2020 and October 2020. Patients at Boramae Medical Center were randomly classified into training, validation, and internal testing sets (at a ratio of 8:1:1, respectively). An AI model using initial CXR images as input, a logistic regression model using clinical information, and a combined model using the output of the AI model (as CXR score) and clinical information were developed and trained to predict hospital length of stay (LOS) ≤2 weeks, need for oxygen supplementation, and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The models were externally validated in the Korean Imaging Cohort of COVID-19 data set for discrimination and calibration. RESULTS The AI model using CXR and the logistic regression model using clinical variables were suboptimal to predict hospital LOS ≤2 weeks or the need for oxygen supplementation but performed acceptably in the prediction of ARDS (AI model area under the curve [AUC] 0.782, 95% CI 0.720-0.845; logistic regression model AUC 0.878, 95% CI 0.838-0.919). The combined model performed better in predicting the need for oxygen supplementation (AUC 0.704, 95% CI 0.646-0.762) and ARDS (AUC 0.890, 95% CI 0.853-0.928) compared to the CXR score alone. Both the AI and combined models showed good calibration for predicting ARDS (P=.079 and P=.859). CONCLUSIONS The combined prediction model, comprising the CXR score and clinical information, was externally validated as having acceptable performance in predicting severe illness and excellent performance in predicting ARDS in patients with COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Woo Lee
- Division of Respiratory and Critical Care, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jun Yang
- College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungjin Kim
- College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ue-Hwan Kim
- AI Graduate School, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hyun Kim
- College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Radiology, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Ho Yoon
- College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Youn Ham
- Department of Radiology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Da Nam
- Department of Radiology, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kum Ju Chae
- Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Dabee Lee
- Department of Radiology, Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Young Yoo
- Department of Radiology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - So Hyeon Bak
- Department of Radiology, Kangwon National University Hospital, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Young Kim
- Department of Radiology, Keimyung University Dongsan Hospital, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hwan Kim
- Department of Radiology, Chungnam National University Hospital, College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Beom Kim
- Department of Radiology, Daegu Fatima Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Im Jung
- Department of Radiology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Kwang Lim
- Department of Radiology, Kyungpook National University Hospital, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Eun Lee
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Jin Chung
- Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Kyung Lee
- Department of Radiology, Seoul Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Seon Kim
- Department of Radiology, Yeungnam University Hospital, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Min Lee
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woocheol Kwon
- Department of Radiology, Ewha Womans University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Min Park
- College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Hyeon Kim
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Joo Jeong
- Department of Radiology, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Nam Jin
- College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Radiology, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Mo Goo
- College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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20
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Jeong YJ, Wi YM, Park H, Lee JE, Kim SH, Lee KS. Current and Emerging Knowledge in COVID-19. Radiology 2023; 306:e222462. [PMID: 36625747 PMCID: PMC9846833 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.222462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 has emerged as a pandemic leading to a global public health crisis of unprecedented morbidity. A comprehensive insight into the imaging of COVID-19 has enabled early diagnosis, stratification of disease severity, and identification of potential sequelae. The evolution of COVID-19 can be divided into early infectious, pulmonary, and hyperinflammatory phases. Clinical features, imaging features, and management are different among the three phases. In the early stage, peripheral ground-glass opacities are predominant CT findings, and therapy directly targeting SARS-CoV-2 is effective. In the later stage, organizing pneumonia or diffuse alveolar damage pattern are predominant CT findings and anti-inflammatory therapies are more beneficial. The risk of severe disease or hospitalization is lower in breakthrough or Omicron variant infection compared with nonimmunized or Delta variant infections. The protection rates of the fourth dose of mRNA vaccination were 34% and 67% against overall infection and hospitalizations for severe illness, respectively. After acute COVID-19 pneumonia, most residual CT abnormalities gradually decreased in extent, but they may remain as linear or multifocal reticular or cystic lesions. Advanced insights into the pathophysiologic and imaging features of COVID-19 along with vaccine benefits have improved patient care, but emerging knowledge of post-COVID-19 condition, or long COVID, also presents radiology with new challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon Joo Jeong
- From the Department of Radiology, Research Institute for Convergence
of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan
Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea (Y.J.J.);
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine (Y.M.W.,
S.H.K.) and Department of Radiology (K.S.L.), Samsung Changwon Hospital,
Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Changwon 51353, Korea;
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University,
Suwon, Korea (H.P.); Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for
Basic Science, Suwon, Korea (H.P.); and Department of Radiology, Chonnam
National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea (J.E.L.)
| | - Yu Mi Wi
- From the Department of Radiology, Research Institute for Convergence
of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan
Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea (Y.J.J.);
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine (Y.M.W.,
S.H.K.) and Department of Radiology (K.S.L.), Samsung Changwon Hospital,
Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Changwon 51353, Korea;
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University,
Suwon, Korea (H.P.); Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for
Basic Science, Suwon, Korea (H.P.); and Department of Radiology, Chonnam
National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea (J.E.L.)
| | - Hyunjin Park
- From the Department of Radiology, Research Institute for Convergence
of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan
Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea (Y.J.J.);
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine (Y.M.W.,
S.H.K.) and Department of Radiology (K.S.L.), Samsung Changwon Hospital,
Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Changwon 51353, Korea;
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University,
Suwon, Korea (H.P.); Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for
Basic Science, Suwon, Korea (H.P.); and Department of Radiology, Chonnam
National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea (J.E.L.)
| | - Jong Eun Lee
- From the Department of Radiology, Research Institute for Convergence
of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan
Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea (Y.J.J.);
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine (Y.M.W.,
S.H.K.) and Department of Radiology (K.S.L.), Samsung Changwon Hospital,
Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Changwon 51353, Korea;
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University,
Suwon, Korea (H.P.); Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for
Basic Science, Suwon, Korea (H.P.); and Department of Radiology, Chonnam
National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea (J.E.L.)
| | - Si-Ho Kim
- From the Department of Radiology, Research Institute for Convergence
of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan
Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea (Y.J.J.);
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine (Y.M.W.,
S.H.K.) and Department of Radiology (K.S.L.), Samsung Changwon Hospital,
Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Changwon 51353, Korea;
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University,
Suwon, Korea (H.P.); Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for
Basic Science, Suwon, Korea (H.P.); and Department of Radiology, Chonnam
National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea (J.E.L.)
| | - Kyung Soo Lee
- From the Department of Radiology, Research Institute for Convergence
of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan
Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea (Y.J.J.);
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine (Y.M.W.,
S.H.K.) and Department of Radiology (K.S.L.), Samsung Changwon Hospital,
Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKU-SOM), Changwon 51353, Korea;
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University,
Suwon, Korea (H.P.); Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for
Basic Science, Suwon, Korea (H.P.); and Department of Radiology, Chonnam
National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea (J.E.L.)
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Lee JE, Chae KJ, Suh YJ, Jeong WG, Lee T, Kim YH, Jin GY, Jeong YJ. Prevalence and Long-term Outcomes of CT Interstitial Lung Abnormalities in a Health Screening Cohort. Radiology 2023; 306:e221172. [PMID: 36219115 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.221172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Background The association between interstitial lung abnormalities (ILAs) and long-term outcomes has not been reported in Asian health screening populations. Purpose To investigate ILA prevalence in an Asian health screening cohort and determine rates and risks for ILA progression, lung cancer development, and mortality within the 10-year follow-up. Materials and Methods This observational, retrospective multicenter study included patients aged 50 years or older who underwent chest CT at three health screening centers over a 4-year period (2007-2010). ILA status was classified as none, equivocal ILA, and ILA (nonfibrotic or fibrotic). Progression was evaluated from baseline to the last follow-up CT examination, when available. The log-rank test was performed to compare mortality rates over time between ILA statuses. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess factors associated with hazards of ILA progression, lung cancer development, and mortality. Results Of the 2765 included patients (mean age, 59 years ± 7 [SD]; 2068 men), 94 (3%) had a finding of ILA (35 nonfibrotic and 59 fibrotic ILA) and 119 (4%) had equivocal ILA. The median time for CT follow-up and the entire observation was 8 and 12 years, respectively. ILA progression was observed in 80% (48 of 60) of patients with ILA over 8 years. Those with fibrotic and nonfibrotic ILA had a higher mortality rate than those without ILA (P < .001 and P = .01, respectively) over 12 years. Fibrotic ILA was independently associated with ILA progression (hazard ratio [HR], 10.3; 95% CI: 6.4, 16.4; P < .001), lung cancer development (HR, 4.4; 95% CI: 2.1, 9.1; P < .001), disease-specific mortality (HR, 6.7; 95% CI: 3.7, 12.2; P < .001), and all-cause mortality (HR, 2.5; 95% CI: 1.6, 3.8; P < .001) compared with no ILA. Conclusion The prevalence of interstitial lung abnormalities (ILAs) in an Asian health screening cohort was approximately 3%, and fibrotic ILA was an independent risk factor for ILA progression, lung cancer development, and mortality. © RSNA, 2022 Online supplemental material is available for this article. See also the editorial by Hatabu and Hata in this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Eun Lee
- From the Departments of Radiology (J.E.L., Y.H.K.) and Pathology (T.L.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea; Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea (K.J.C., G.Y.J.); Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, Korea (Y.J.S.); Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea (W.G.J.); and Department of Radiology and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea (Y.J.J.)
| | - Kum Ju Chae
- From the Departments of Radiology (J.E.L., Y.H.K.) and Pathology (T.L.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea; Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea (K.J.C., G.Y.J.); Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, Korea (Y.J.S.); Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea (W.G.J.); and Department of Radiology and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea (Y.J.J.)
| | - Young Ju Suh
- From the Departments of Radiology (J.E.L., Y.H.K.) and Pathology (T.L.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea; Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea (K.J.C., G.Y.J.); Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, Korea (Y.J.S.); Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea (W.G.J.); and Department of Radiology and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea (Y.J.J.)
| | - Won Gi Jeong
- From the Departments of Radiology (J.E.L., Y.H.K.) and Pathology (T.L.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea; Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea (K.J.C., G.Y.J.); Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, Korea (Y.J.S.); Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea (W.G.J.); and Department of Radiology and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea (Y.J.J.)
| | - Taebum Lee
- From the Departments of Radiology (J.E.L., Y.H.K.) and Pathology (T.L.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea; Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea (K.J.C., G.Y.J.); Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, Korea (Y.J.S.); Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea (W.G.J.); and Department of Radiology and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea (Y.J.J.)
| | - Yun-Hyeon Kim
- From the Departments of Radiology (J.E.L., Y.H.K.) and Pathology (T.L.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea; Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea (K.J.C., G.Y.J.); Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, Korea (Y.J.S.); Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea (W.G.J.); and Department of Radiology and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea (Y.J.J.)
| | - Gong Yong Jin
- From the Departments of Radiology (J.E.L., Y.H.K.) and Pathology (T.L.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea; Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea (K.J.C., G.Y.J.); Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, Korea (Y.J.S.); Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea (W.G.J.); and Department of Radiology and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea (Y.J.J.)
| | - Yeon Joo Jeong
- From the Departments of Radiology (J.E.L., Y.H.K.) and Pathology (T.L.), Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea; Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea (K.J.C., G.Y.J.); Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, Korea (Y.J.S.); Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea (W.G.J.); and Department of Radiology and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea (Y.J.J.)
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Cho SG, Lee JE, Kim HY, Song HC, Kim YH. Association between myocardial ischemia and plaque characteristics in chronic total occlusion. J Nucl Cardiol 2023; 30:388-398. [PMID: 35836093 DOI: 10.1007/s12350-022-03020-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myocardial ischemia varies in chronic total occlusion (CTO) despite the occluded artery. We analyzed whether it is associated with the plaque characteristics of the occluded segment. METHODS We retrospectively enrolled 100 patients with CTO who underwent myocardial perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) within 2 months. CTO-related ischemia was classified as moderate to severe (summed difference score [SDS] of the CTO territory ≥ 5) or mild or none (SDS < 5) on SPECT. Using CCTA, the atherosclerotic plaques of the occluded segment were subdivided into low-density (- 100-30 HU), intermediate-density (31-350 HU), and high-density (351-1000 HU) plaques. The plaque composition was compared according to the severity of CTO-related ischemia. RESULTS Moderate-to-severe CTO-related ischemia (n = 23) showed significantly higher proportion of intermediate-density plaques (72.4% vs. 64.0%), intermediate/low-density (7.10 vs. 3.65) and intermediate-to-high/low-density (7.78 vs. 3.80) plaque ratios, frequent shorter occlusion (30% vs. 6%), and lower volume (26.5 mm3 vs. 58.8 mm3) and proportion (11.4% vs. 20.8%) of low-density plaques. Multivariable analysis revealed significant associations between higher proportion of intermediate-density plaques and moderate-to-severe CTO-related ischemia, independent of occlusion length. CONCLUSION Higher proportion of intermediate-density plaques in the occluded segment was associated with the moderate-to-severe CTO-related ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Geon Cho
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, 42, Jebong-ro, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Eun Lee
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Yoon Kim
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Chun Song
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, 42, Jebong-ro, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 61469, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yun-Hyeon Kim
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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23
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Choi HS, Kim YH, Jeong WG, Lee JE, Park HM. Clinicoradiological Features of Pulmonary Cryptococcosis in Immunocompetent Patients. J Korean Soc Radiol 2023; 84:253-262. [PMID: 36818712 PMCID: PMC9935965 DOI: 10.3348/jksr.2022.0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the clinicoradiological features of pulmonary cryptococcosis in immunocompetent patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective study included immunocompetent patients who had been diagnosed with pulmonary cryptococcosis on the histopathologic exam and underwent chest CT between January 2008 and November 2019. Imaging features were divided into major imaging patterns, distributions, and ancillary imaging findings. Univariable analysis was performed to evaluate clinicoradiological features according to the presence of serum cryptococcal antigen. RESULTS Thirty-one patients were evaluated (mean age: 60 years, range: 19-78 years). A single nodular lesion confined to a single lobe was the most common imaging pattern (14/31, 45.2%). Serum cryptococcal antigen tests were performed in 19 patients (19/31, 61.3%). The presence of serum cryptococcal antigen was observed in six patients (6/19, 31.6%), all of whom showed a consolidation-dominant pattern. The presence of serum cryptococcal antigen was significantly associated with the consolidation-dominant pattern compared to those associated with a nodule-dominant pattern (p = 0.011). CONCLUSION A combination of CT findings of consolidation and a positive serum cryptococcal antigen test may be helpful for diagnosing pulmonary cryptococcosis in immunocompetent patients.
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Park YM, Kim JH, Lee JE. Neural Stem Cells Overexpressing Arginine Decarboxylase Improve Functional Recovery from Spinal Cord Injury in a Mouse Model. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415784. [PMID: 36555425 PMCID: PMC9779865 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Current therapeutic strategies for spinal cord injury (SCI) cannot fully facilitate neural regeneration or improve function. Arginine decarboxylase (ADC) synthesizes agmatine, an endogenous primary amine with neuroprotective effects. Transfection of human ADC (hADC) gene exerts protective effects after injury in murine brain-derived neural precursor cells (mNPCs). Following from these findings, we investigated the effects of hADC-mNPC transplantation in SCI model mice. Mice with experimentally damaged spinal cords were divided into three groups, separately transplanted with fluorescently labeled (1) control mNPCs, (2) retroviral vector (pLXSN)-infected mNPCs (pLXSN-mNPCs), and (3) hADC-mNPCs. Behavioral comparisons between groups were conducted weekly up to 6 weeks after SCI, and urine volume was measured up to 2 weeks after SCI. A subset of animals was euthanized each week after cell transplantation for molecular and histological analyses. The transplantation groups experienced significantly improved behavioral function, with the best recovery occurring in hADC-mNPC mice. Transplanting hADC-mNPCs improved neurological outcomes, induced oligodendrocyte differentiation and remyelination, increased neural lineage differentiation, and decreased glial scar formation. Moreover, locomotor and bladder function were both rehabilitated. These beneficial effects are likely related to differential BMP-2/4/7 expression in neuronal cells, providing an empirical basis for gene therapy as a curative SCI treatment option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Mi Park
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- BK 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- CHA Advanced Research Institute, CHA University, CHA Bio-Complex, 335, Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si 13488, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, CHA Bio-Complex, 335, Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si 13488, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hwan Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- BK 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Eun Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- BK 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2228-1646
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25
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Kim YJ, Yun JH, Hong SH, Song G, Lee JE, Son MW, Han SW, Kim SY, Lee MS. Appendiceal mucocele masquerading as an epithelial borderline ovarian tumor: a case report and literature review. Korean J Clin Oncol 2022; 18:83-88. [PMID: 36945242 PMCID: PMC9942759 DOI: 10.14216/kjco.22011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Appendiceal mucocele is a rare mucin-producing neoplasm of appendiceal origin. Due to its location and imaging findings, appendiceal mucocele is easily confused with tumors of the right adnexa. We present a rare case of a patient initially misdiagnosed with an ovarian tumor intraoperatively diagnosed as an appendiceal mucocele and successfully treated. A 66-year-old postmenopausal woman was admitted to the gynecology department for an asymptomatic pelvic mass. Preoperative pelvic imaging showed an 8-cm cystic mass. Exploratory laparoscopy for the suspected epithelial borderline tumor from the right ovary revealed a cystic mass in the right pelvic area and normal uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries. Intraoperative consultation with the general surgery department confirmed the appendiceal origin. Laparoscopic appendectomy was performed. Histopathological examination confirmed a low-grade mucinous neoplasm of appendiceal origin. The patient was discharged on a postoperative day 5 without complications. The outpatient follow-up performed 1 month later showed no evidence of disease progression. Despite the use of advanced diagnostic tools, appendiceal mucocele may be confused for ovarian malignancies. Because the clinical features of appendiceal mucocele are nonspecific, clinicians and radiologists know the specific imaging findings. A multidisciplinary approach including general surgery, gynecology, and radiology is required for preoperative diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Joo Kim
- Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Jong Hyuk Yun
- Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Sung Hoon Hong
- Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
| | - GeumJong Song
- Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Jong Eun Lee
- Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Myong Won Son
- Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Sun Wook Han
- Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Sung Yong Kim
- Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Moon-Soo Lee
- Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
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Lee HJ, Kang SW, Lee JE, Jeong WG, Lee JS, Park MH, Lim HS. Malignant Apocrine Lesions of the Breast: Multimodality Imaging Findings and Biologic Features. J Breast Cancer 2022; 25:513-521. [PMID: 36479602 PMCID: PMC9807319 DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2022.25.e46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The apocrine morphology of the breast is observed in a broad pathological spectrum, ranging from benign cysts to invasive carcinomas. However, the number of clinical research investigating malignant apocrine lesions is limited. This study retrospectively reviewed the data of patients with malignant apocrine lesions admitted in a tertiary center between January 2004 and December 2021, based on the radiology-pathology correlation and the recent advances in their status to enhance the therapeutic implications of androgen receptor (AR). Among the 37 patients with lesions, 27 (73.0%) had triple-negative subtypes with predominant AR expression. The radiological features of malignant apocrine lesions did not differ from those of typical invasive ductal carcinoma or ductal carcinoma in situ. This study demonstrated that knowledge on the imaging features of malignant apocrine lesions and their histological basis could enhance the adoption of new targeted therapies in patients with this particular type of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-jae Lee
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Seung Wan Kang
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jong Eun Lee
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Won Gi Jeong
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Ji Shin Lee
- Department of Pathology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Min Ho Park
- Department of Surgery, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Hyo Soon Lim
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
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Lee JE, Do LN, Jeong WG, Lee HJ, Chae KJ, Kim YH, Park I. A Radiomics Approach on Chest CT Distinguishes Primary Lung Cancer from Solitary Lung Metastasis in Colorectal Cancer Patients. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12111859. [PMID: 36579596 PMCID: PMC9695650 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12111859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study utilized a radiomics approach combined with a machine learning algorithm to distinguish primary lung cancer (LC) from solitary lung metastasis (LM) in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients with a solitary pulmonary nodule (SPN). MATERIALS AND METHODS In a retrospective study, 239 patients who underwent chest computerized tomography (CT) at three different institutions between 2011 and 2019 and were diagnosed as primary LC or solitary LM were included. The data from the first institution were divided into training and internal testing datasets. The data from the second and third institutions were used as an external testing dataset. Radiomic features were extracted from the intra and perinodular regions of interest (ROI). After a feature selection process, Support vector machine (SVM) was used to train models for classifying between LC and LM. The performances of the SVM classifiers were evaluated with both the internal and external testing datasets. The performances of the model were compared to those of two radiologists who reviewed the CT images of the testing datasets for the binary prediction of LC versus LM. RESULTS The SVM classifier trained with the radiomic features from the intranodular ROI and achieved the sensitivity/specificity of 0.545/0.828 in the internal test dataset, and 0.833/0.964 in the external test dataset, respectively. The SVM classifier trained with the combined radiomic features from the intra- and perinodular ROIs achieved the sensitivity/specificity of 0.545/0.966 in the internal test dataset, and 0.833/1.000 in the external test data set, respectively. Two radiologists demonstrated the sensitivity/specificity of 0.545/0.966 and 0.636/0.828 in the internal test dataset, and 0.917/0.929 and 0.833/0.929 in the external test dataset, which were comparable to the performance of the model trained with the combined radiomics features. CONCLUSION Our results suggested that the machine learning classifiers trained using radiomics features of SPN in CRC patients can be used to distinguish the primary LC and the solitary LM with a similar level of performance to radiologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Eun Lee
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Luu Ngoc Do
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Won Gi Jeong
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Hyo Jae Lee
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Kum Ju Chae
- Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Yun Hyeon Kim
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Ilwoo Park
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
- Department of Artificial Intelligence Convergence, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
- Department of Data Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-62-220-5744; Fax: +82-62-226-4380
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Lee JE, Jeong WG, Lee HJ, Kim YH, Chae KJ, Jeong YJ. Relationship between Incidental Abnormalities on Screening Thoracic Computed Tomography and Mortality: A Long-Term Follow-Up Analysis. Korean J Radiol 2022; 23:998-1008. [PMID: 36175001 PMCID: PMC9523229 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2022.0131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to assess the relationship between incidental abnormalities on thoracic computed tomography (CT) and mortality in a general screening population using a long-term follow-up analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively collected the medical records and CT images of 840 participants (mean age ± standard deviation [SD], 58.5 ± 6.7 years; 564 male) who underwent thoracic CT at a single health promotion center between 2007 and 2010. Two thoracic radiologists independently reviewed all CT images and evaluated any incidental abnormalities (interstitial lung abnormality [ILA], emphysema, coronary artery calcification [CAC], aortic valve [AV] calcification, and pulmonary nodules). Kaplan-Meier analysis with log-rank and z-tests was performed to assess the relationship between incidental CT abnormalities and all-cause mortality in the subsequent follow-up. Cox proportional hazards regression was performed to further identify risk factors of all-cause mortality among the incidental CT abnormalities and clinical factors. RESULTS Among the 840 participants, 55 (6%), 171 (20%), 288 (34%), 396 (47%), and 97 (11%) had findings of ILA, emphysema, CAC, pulmonary nodule, and AV calcification, respectively, on initial CT. The participants were followed up for a mean period ± SD of 10.9 ± 1.4 years. All incidental CT abnormalities were associated with all-cause mortality in univariable analysis (p < 0.05). However, multivariable analysis further revealed fibrotic ILA as an independent risk factor for all-cause mortality (hazard ratio, 2.52 [95% confidence interval, 1.02-6.22], p = 0.046). ILA were also identified as an independent risk factor for lung cancer or respiratory disease-related deaths. CONCLUSION Incidental abnormalities on screening thoracic CT were associated with increased mortality during the long-term follow-up. Among incidental CT abnormalities, fibrotic ILA were independently associated with increased mortality. Appropriate management and surveillance may be required for patients with fibrotic ILA on thoracic CT obtained for general screening purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Eun Lee
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Won Gi Jeong
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea.
| | - Hyo-Jae Lee
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Yun-Hyeon Kim
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Kum Ju Chae
- Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Yeon Joo Jeong
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
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Lee JE, Jeong WG, Nam BD, Yoon SH, Jeong YJ, Kim YH, Kim SJ, Yoo JY. Impact of Mediastinal Lymphadenopathy on the Severity of COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Nationwide Multicenter Cohort Study. J Korean Med Sci 2022; 37:e78. [PMID: 35668683 PMCID: PMC9171349 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2022.37.e78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We analyzed the differences between clinical characteristics and computed tomography (CT) findings in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) to establish potential relationships with mediastinal lymphadenopathy and clinical outcomes. METHODS We compared the clinical characteristics and CT findings of COVID-19 patients from a nationwide multicenter cohort who were grouped based on the presence or absence of mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Differences between clinical characteristics and CT findings in these groups were analyzed. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine the impact of mediastinal lymphadenopathy on clinical outcomes. RESULTS Of the 344 patients included in this study, 53 (15.4%) presented with mediastinal lymphadenopathy. The rate of diffuse alveolar damage pattern pneumonia and the visual CT scores were significantly higher in patients with mediastinal lymphadenopathy than in those without (P < 0.05). A positive correlation between the number of enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes and visual CT scores was noted in patients with mediastinal lymphadenopathy (Spearman's ρ = 0.334, P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that mediastinal lymphadenopathy was independently associated with a higher risk of intensive care unit (ICU) admission (odds ratio, 95% confidence interval; 3.25, 1.06-9.95) but was not significantly associated with an increased risk of in-hospital death in patients with COVID-19. CONCLUSION COVID-19 patients with mediastinal lymphadenopathy had a larger extent of pneumonia than those without. Multivariate analysis adjusted for clinical characteristics and CT findings revealed that the presence of mediastinal lymphadenopathy was significantly associated with ICU admission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Eun Lee
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Won Gi Jeong
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Bo Da Nam
- Department of Radiology, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soon Ho Yoon
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeon Joo Jeong
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Yun-Hyeon Kim
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Sung Jin Kim
- Department of Radiology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Jin Young Yoo
- Department of Radiology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea.
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Kim JY, Kim J, Huang M, Kosonen R, Lee JE. CCR4 and CCR5 Involvement in Monocyte-Derived Macrophage Migration in Neuroinflammation. Front Immunol 2022; 13:876033. [PMID: 35634277 PMCID: PMC9133420 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.876033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglia, resident macrophages in the brain, play major roles in neuroinflammation after an acute many neurological diseases, including stroke. Our recent animal stroke model showed that interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 released by microglia are converted into monocyte-derived macrophages. However, the correlation with the migration mechanism of these cells is still unclear. This study aimed to clarify the effect of these cells on their migration and to identify potential targets that influence neuroinflammatory conditions. Inflammatory conditions were induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment in in vitro and in vivo models. Cell migration was observed using transwell assay, and target chemokines were screened using the proteome profiler array in the in vitro model. Intravital, IVIS, and CLARITY imaging were used in the in vivo model. After LPS (1 ng/ml) treatment in BV2 (microglia cell line) and J774 (monocyte/macrophage cell line) cells, BV2 migration was approximately two-fold more enhanced compared to J774 migration. Overall, six types of chemokine C-C motif ligands (CCLs) were detected from the BV2 conditioned medium with LPS. These CCLs were related to C-C motif receptor (CCR)4 and CCR5. In the in vivo model, CCR4 and CCR5 antagonist significantly inhibited the migration of monocyte-derived macrophages to brain tissue following LPS (5 µg) treatment. In conclusion, the chemokines released by microglia may influence migration of monocyte-derived macrophages in necroinflammation conditions inducted by microglial activation. CCR4 and CCR5 expressed on monocyte-derived macrophages interacted with these chemokines and induced migration. Therefore, CCR4 and CCR5 may be explored as new therapeutic targets for neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Youl Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jiwon Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Meiying Huang
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Renée Kosonen
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jong Eun Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Cho SW, Jeong WG, Lee JE, Oh I, Song SY, Park HM, Lee H, Kim Y. Clinical implication of interstitial lung abnormality in elderly patients with early‐stage non‐small cell lung cancer. Thorac Cancer 2022; 13:977-985. [PMID: 35150070 PMCID: PMC8977159 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.14341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Seong Woo Cho
- Department of Radiology Chonnam National University Medical School Gwangju South Korea
| | - Won Gi Jeong
- Department of Radiology Chonnam National University Medical School Gwangju South Korea
- Lung and Esophageal Cancer Clinic Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital Hwasun South Korea
| | - Jong Eun Lee
- Department of Radiology Chonnam National University Medical School Gwangju South Korea
| | - In‐Jae Oh
- Lung and Esophageal Cancer Clinic Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital Hwasun South Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine Chonnam National University Medical School Gwangju South Korea
| | - Sang Yun Song
- Lung and Esophageal Cancer Clinic Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital Hwasun South Korea
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Chonnam National University Medical School, Chonnam National University Hospital Gwangju South Korea
| | - Hye Mi Park
- Department of Radiology Chonnam National University Medical School Gwangju South Korea
- Lung and Esophageal Cancer Clinic Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital Hwasun South Korea
| | - Hyo‐Jae Lee
- Department of Radiology Chonnam National University Medical School Gwangju South Korea
| | - Yun‐Hyeon Kim
- Department of Radiology Chonnam National University Medical School Gwangju South Korea
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Lee JE, Hwang M, Kim YH, Chung M, Sim B, Chae KJ, Yoo JY, Jeong YJ. Imaging and Clinical Features of COVID-19 Breakthrough Infections: A Multicenter Study. Radiology 2022; 303:682-692. [PMID: 35103535 PMCID: PMC9131173 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.213072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Background Since vaccines against COVID-19 became available, rare breakthrough
infections have been reported despite their high efficacies. Purpose To evaluate the clinical and imaging characteristics of patients with
COVID-19 breakthrough infections and compare them with those of
unvaccinated patients with COVID-19. Materials and Methods In this retrospective multicenter cohort study, the authors analyzed
patient (aged ≥18 years) data from three centers that were
registered in an open data repository for COVID-19 between June and
August 2021. Hospitalized patients with baseline chest radiographs were
divided into three groups according to their vaccination status.
Differences between clinical and imaging features were analyzed using
the Pearson χ2 test, Fisher exact test, and analysis
of variance. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses
were used to evaluate associations between clinical factors, including
vaccination status and clinical outcomes. Results Of the 761 hospitalized patients with COVID-19, the mean age was 47 years
and 385 (51%) were women; 47 patients (6%) were fully vaccinated
(breakthrough infection), 127 (17%) were partially vaccinated, and 587
(77%) were unvaccinated. Of the 761 patients, 412 (54%) underwent chest
CT during hospitalization. Among the patients who underwent CT, the
proportions without pneumonia were 22% of unvaccinated patients (71 of
326), 30% of partially vaccinated patients (19 of 64), and 59% of fully
vaccinated patients (13 of 22) (P < .001). Fully
vaccinated status was associated with a lower risk of requiring
supplemental oxygen (odds ratio [OR], 0.24 [95% CI: 0.09, 0.64;
P = .005]) and lower risk of intensive care unit
admission (OR, 0.08 [95% CI: 0.09, 0.78; P = .02])
compared with unvaccinated status. Conclusion Patients with COVID-19 breakthrough infections had a significantly higher
proportion of CT scans without pneumonia compared with unvaccinated
patients. Vaccinated patients with breakthrough infections had a lower
likelihood of requiring supplemental oxygen and intensive care unit
admission. © RSNA, 2022 Online supplemental material is available for this
article. See also the editorial by Schiebler and Bluemke in this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Eun Lee
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, 42 Jebong-ro, Dong-gu, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Minhee Hwang
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, 179 Gudeok-ro, Seo-gu, Busan, Korea
| | - Yun-Hyeon Kim
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, 42 Jebong-ro, Dong-gu, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Myungjin Chung
- Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byeonghak Sim
- Department of Radiology, Namwon Medical Center, 365, Chungjeong-ro, Namwon-si, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - Kum Ju Chae
- Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Jin Young Yoo
- Department of Radiology, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Yeon Joo Jeong
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, 179 Gudeok-ro, Seo-gu, Busan, Korea
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Ali Mohammadie Kojour M, Baliarsingh S, Jang HA, Yun K, Park KB, Lee JE, Han YS, Patnaik BB, Jo YH. Current knowledge of immune priming in invertebrates, emphasizing studies on Tenebrio molitor. Dev Comp Immunol 2022; 127:104284. [PMID: 34619174 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2021.104284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Vertebrates rely on the most sophisticated adaptive immunity to defend themselves against various pathogens. This includes immunologic memory cells, which mount a stronger and more effective immune response against an antigen after its first encounter. Unlike vertebrates, invertebrates' defense completely depends on the innate immunity mechanisms including humoral and cell-mediated immunity. Furthermore, the invertebrate equivalent of the memory cells was discovered only recently. Since the discovery of transgenerational immune priming (TGIP) in crustaceans, numerous findings have proven the IP in invertebrate classes such as insects. TGIP can be induced through maternal priming pathways such as transcriptional regulation of antimicrobial peptides, and also paternal IP including the induction of proPO system activity. We appraise the diversity and specificity of IP agents to provide sustained immunologic memory in insects, particularly T. molitor in the review. An understanding of IP (more so TGIP) response in T. molitor will deepen our knowledge of invertebrate immunity, and boost the mass-rearing industry by reducing pathogen infection rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Ali Mohammadie Kojour
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Snigdha Baliarsingh
- PG Department of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Fakir Mohan University, Balasore, Odisha, 756089, India
| | - Ho Am Jang
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Keunho Yun
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Ki Beom Park
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Jong Eun Lee
- Department of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Andong National University, Andong, 36729, South Korea
| | - Yeon Soo Han
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Bharat Bhusan Patnaik
- PG Department of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Fakir Mohan University, Balasore, Odisha, 756089, India.
| | - Yong Hun Jo
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea.
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Kim HO, Lee BC, Park C, Kim JK, Park WJ, Lee JE, Lim HS, Jeong WG. Occupational dose and associated factors during transarterial chemoembolization of hepatocellular carcinoma using real-time dosimetry: A simple way to reduce radiation exposure. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e28744. [PMID: 35089250 PMCID: PMC8797565 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000028744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Transarterial chemoembolization is the standard treatment option for intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, during the interventional procedure, occupational radiation protection is compromised. The use of real-time radiation dosimetry could provide instantaneous radiation doses. This study aimed to evaluate the occupational dose of the medical staff using a real-time radiation dosimeter during transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) for HCC, and to investigate factors affecting the radiation exposure dose.This retrospective observational study included 70 patients (mean age: 66 years; age range: 38-88 years; male: female = 59: 11) who underwent TACE using real-time radiation dosimetry systems between August 2018 and February 2019. Radiation exposure doses of operators, assistants, and technicians were evaluated. Patients' clinical, imaging, and procedural information was analyzed.The mean dose-area product (DAP) and fluoroscopy time during TACE were 66.72 ± 55.14 Gycm2 and 12.03 ± 5.95 minutes, respectively. The mean radiation exposure doses were 24.8 ± 19.5, 2.0 ± 2.2, and 1.65 ± 2.0 μSv for operators, assistants, and technicians, respectively. The radiation exposure of the operators was significantly higher than that of the assistants or technicians (P < .001). The perpendicular position of the adjustable upper-body lead protector (AULP) on the table was one factor reducing in the radiation exposure of the assistants (P < .001) and technicians (P = .040). The DAP was a risk factor for the radiation exposure of the operators (P = .003) and technicians (P < .001).Occupational doses during TACE are affected by DAP and AULP positioning. Placing the AULP in the perpendicular position during fluoroscopy could be a simple and effective way to reduce the radiation exposure of the staff. As the occupational dose influencing factors vary by region or institution, further study is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyoung Ook Kim
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun-gun, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Chan Lee
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun-gun, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Park
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun-gun, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Kyu Kim
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun-gun, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Ju Park
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun-gun, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Eun Lee
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun-gun, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Soon Lim
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun-gun, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Gi Jeong
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun-gun, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea
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Kim SG, Jeong WG, Song SY, Lee T, Lee JE, Park HM, Kim YH. Mediastinal Teratoma: A Pictorial Essay. J Korean Soc Radiol 2022; 83:597-607. [PMID: 36238516 PMCID: PMC9514525 DOI: 10.3348/jksr.2021.0186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
종격동은 생식선 이외에서 발생하는 기형종의 가장 호발하는 부위로 알려져 있다. 종격동 성숙 기형종은 주로 젊은 성인에서 나타나고 남녀 간 발생 빈도의 큰 차이 없이 나타난다. 종격동 기형종은 대부분 전종격동에서 관찰되고, 일반적으로 증상을 보이지 않지만 종괴의 크기가 크거나 파열이 발생할 경우 여러 합병증이 나타날 수 있다. 종격동 기형종은 대부분 조직 검사 없이 전산화단층촬영(CT)만으로 진단될 수 있다. 하지만 파열된 기형종 혹은 악성 기형종의 경우 임상적 그리고 영상의학적으로 비전형적인 양상을 보여 진단이 어려울 수 있다. 본 종설에서는 종격동 기형종의 다양한 발현 양상을 영상 검사 소견을 중심으로 살펴보고자 한다.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Gyun Kim
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Won Gi Jeong
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
- Lung and Esophageal Cancer Clinic, Chonnam National University, Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Sang Yun Song
- Lung and Esophageal Cancer Clinic, Chonnam National University, Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Taebum Lee
- Lung and Esophageal Cancer Clinic, Chonnam National University, Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea
- Department of Pathology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jong Eun Lee
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hye Mi Park
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
- Lung and Esophageal Cancer Clinic, Chonnam National University, Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Yun-Hyeon Kim
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
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Lee JE, Park HM, Lim Y, Jeong WGI, Kim YH. Pathophysiology and Role of Coronary CT Angiography in Stable Angina. J Korean Soc Radiol 2022; 83:42-53. [PMID: 36237352 PMCID: PMC9238201 DOI: 10.3348/jksr.2021.0170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
관상동맥질환의 임상적인 개념은 지난 10년 동안 패러다임의 변화를 보여왔다. 관상동맥질환은 대부분 진행성 질환이며, 관상동맥질환 환자는 질병 진행의 어느 시점에서도 급성 관상동맥 증후군에 직면할 수 있다. 이러한 임상적 맥락에서 2019년 유럽심장학회 가이드라인에서는 조기 진단과 꾸준한 관리가 필요한 관상동맥질환의 임상적인 중요성을 반영하여 “만성 관상동맥증후군”이라는 용어의 사용을 발표하였다. 최근 관상동맥 전산화단층촬영 혈관조영술을 이용한 관상동맥질환의 평가는 많은 발전을 이루었고, 안정형 협심증 또는 만성 관상동맥증후군 환자에서 관상동맥 전산화단층촬영 혈관조영술의 임상적 유용성은 초기 무증상 관상동맥질환의 발견에서부터 죽상경화판의 특성 분석 및 관상동맥질환의 치료 전략 결정에 도움을 주는 역할까지 관상동맥질환의 다양한 단계에 걸쳐 입증되고 있다. 이 종설에서는 안정형 협심증 환자의 이해를 돕는 병태생리를 설명하고 이에 대한 관상동맥 전산화단층촬영의 임상적 적용과 역할에 대해 알아보고자 한다.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Eun Lee
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hye Mi Park
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Yongwhan Lim
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Won GI Jeong
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea
| | - Yun-Hyeon Kim
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
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Lee HJ, Nguyen AT, Ki SY, Lee JE, Do LN, Park MH, Lee JS, Kim HJ, Park I, Lim HS. Classification of MR-Detected Additional Lesions in Patients With Breast Cancer Using a Combination of Radiomics Analysis and Machine Learning. Front Oncol 2021; 11:744460. [PMID: 34926256 PMCID: PMC8679659 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.744460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
ObjectiveThis study was conducted in order to investigate the feasibility of using radiomics analysis (RA) with machine learning algorithms based on breast magnetic resonance (MR) images for discriminating malignant from benign MR-detected additional lesions in patients with primary breast cancer.Materials and MethodsOne hundred seventy-four MR-detected additional lesions (benign, n = 86; malignancy, n = 88) from 158 patients with ipsilateral primary breast cancer from a tertiary medical center were included in this retrospective study. The entire data were randomly split to training (80%) and independent test sets (20%). In addition, 25 patients (benign, n = 21; malignancy, n = 15) from another tertiary medical center were included for the external test. Radiomics features that were extracted from three regions-of-interest (ROIs; intratumor, peritumor, combined) using fat-saturated T1-weighted images obtained by subtracting pre- from postcontrast images (SUB) and T2-weighted image (T2) were utilized to train the support vector machine for the binary classification. A decision tree method was utilized to build a classifier model using clinical imaging interpretation (CII) features assessed by radiologists. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC), accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity were used to compare the diagnostic performance.ResultsThe RA models trained using radiomics features from the intratumor-ROI showed comparable performance to the CII model (accuracy, AUROC: 73.3%, 69.6% for the SUB RA model; 70.0%, 75.1% for the T2 RA model; 73.3%, 72.0% for the CII model). The diagnostic performance increased when the radiomics and CII features were combined to build a fusion model. The fusion model that combines the CII features and radiomics features from multiparametric MRI data demonstrated the highest performance with an accuracy of 86.7% and an AUROC of 91.1%. The external test showed a similar pattern where the fusion models demonstrated higher levels of performance compared with the RA- or CII-only models. The accuracy and AUROC of the SUB+T2 RA+CII model in the external test were 80.6% and 91.4%, respectively.ConclusionOur study demonstrated the feasibility of using RA with machine learning approach based on multiparametric MRI for quantitatively characterizing MR-detected additional lesions. The fusion model demonstrated an improved diagnostic performance over the models trained with either RA or CII alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-jae Lee
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Anh-Tien Nguyen
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - So Yeon Ki
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun-gun, South Korea
| | - Jong Eun Lee
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Luu-Ngoc Do
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Min Ho Park
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
- Department of Surgery, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun-gun, South Korea
| | - Ji Shin Lee
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
- Department of Pathology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun-gun, South Korea
| | - Hye Jung Kim
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Ilwoo Park
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
- Department of Artificial Intelligence Convergence, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Ilwoo Park, ; Hyo Soon Lim,
| | - Hyo Soon Lim
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun-gun, South Korea
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Ilwoo Park, ; Hyo Soon Lim,
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Lim Y, Kim MC, Kim KH, Jeong IS, Cho YS, Choi YD, Lee JE. Case Report: Acute Fulminant Myocarditis and Cardiogenic Shock After Messenger RNA Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccination Requiring Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:758996. [PMID: 34778411 PMCID: PMC8586196 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.758996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, myocarditis following messenger RNA (mRNA) coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination has become an important social issue worldwide. According to the reports so far, myocarditis related to mRNA COVID-19 vaccination is rare and usually associated with a benign clinical course without intensive care or any sequelae of fulminant myocarditis. Here, we report a case of acute fulminant myocarditis and cardiogenic shock after the mRNA COVID-19 vaccination, requiring extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Clinicians should keep in mind the possibility of progression to fulminant myocarditis in patients who presented with suggestive symptoms or signs of myocarditis after the COVID-19 vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongwhan Lim
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School/Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Min Chul Kim
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School/Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Kye Hun Kim
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School/Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - In-Seok Jeong
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Chonnam National University Medical School/Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Yong Soo Cho
- Department of Emergent Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Yoo Duk Choi
- Department of Pathology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Jong Eun Lee
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea
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Jeong WG, Kim YH, Lee JE, Oh IJ, Song SY, Chae KJ, Park HM. Predictive Value of Interstitial Lung Abnormalities for Postoperative Pulmonary Complications in Elderly Patients with Early-stage Lung Cancer. Cancer Res Treat 2021; 54:744-752. [PMID: 34583454 PMCID: PMC9296932 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2021.772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Identifying pretreatment interstitial lung abnormalities (ILAs) is important because of their predictive value for complications after lung cancer treatment. This study aimed to assess the predictive value of ILAs for postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) in elderly patients undergoing curative resection for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Materials and Methods Elderly patients (age ≥ 70 years) who underwent curative resection for pathologic stage I or II NSCLC with normal preoperative spirometry results (pre-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 s to forced vital capacity [FVC] ratio > 0.70 and FVC ≥ 80% of the predicted value) between January 2012 and December 2019 were retrospectively identified. Univariable and multivariable regression analyses were performed to assess risk factors for PPCs. The Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were used to analyze the relationship between ILAs and postoperative mortality. One-way analysis of variance was performed to assess the correlation between ILAs and hospital stay duration. Results A total of 262 patients (median age, 73 [interquartile range, 71-76] years; 132 male) were evaluated. A multivariable logistic regression model revealed that, among several relevant risk factors, fibrotic ILAs independently predicted both overall PPCs (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 4.84; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.35-17.38; p=0.016) and major PPCs (adjusted OR, 8.72; 95% CI, 1.71-44.38; p=0.009). Fibrotic ILAs were significantly associated with higher postoperative mortality and longer hospital stay (F=5.21, p=0.006). Conclusion Pretreatment fibrotic ILAs are associated with PPCs, higher postoperative mortality, and longer hospital stay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Gi Jeong
- Lung and Esophageal Cancer Clinic, Chonnam National University, Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea.,Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Yun-Hyeon Kim
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jong Eun Lee
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - In-Jae Oh
- Lung and Esophageal Cancer Clinic, Chonnam National University, Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Sang Yun Song
- Lung and Esophageal Cancer Clinic, Chonnam National University, Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea.,Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Chonnam National University Medical School, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Kum Ju Chae
- Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Hye Mi Park
- Lung and Esophageal Cancer Clinic, Chonnam National University, Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea.,Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
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Sim AY, Barua S, Kim JY, Lee YH, Lee JE. Role of DPP-4 and SGLT2 Inhibitors Connected to Alzheimer Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:708547. [PMID: 34489627 PMCID: PMC8417940 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.708547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by memory loss and cognitive decline. Additionally, abnormal extracellular amyloid plaques accumulation and nerve damage caused by intracellular neurofibrillary tangles, and tau protein are characteristic of AD. Furthermore, AD is associated with oxidative stress, impaired mitochondrial structure and function, denormalization, and inflammatory responses. Recently, besides the amyloid β hypothesis, another hypothesis linking AD to systemic diseases has been put forth by multiple studies as a probable cause for AD. Particularly, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its features, including hyperinsulinemia, and chronic hyperglycemia with an inflammatory response, have been shown to be closely related to AD through insulin resistance. The brain cannot synthesize or store glucose, but it does require glucose, and the use of glucose in the brain is higher than that in any other organ in the mammalian body. One of the therapeutic drugs for T2DM, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor, suppresses the degradation of incretins, glucagon-like peptides and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, recently used in T2DM treatment, have a unique mechanism of action via inhibition of renal glucose reabsorption, and which is different from the mechanisms of previously used medications. This manuscript reviews the pathophysiological relationship between the two diseases, AD and T2DM, and the pharmacological effects of therapeutic T2DM drugs, especially DPP-4 inhibitors, and SGLT2 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Young Sim
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sumit Barua
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jong Youl Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yong-Ho Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jong Eun Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Barua S, Sim AY, Kim JY, Shin I, Lee JE. Maintenance of the Neuroprotective Function of the Amino Group Blocked Fluorescence-Agmatine. Neurochem Res 2021; 46:1933-1940. [PMID: 33914233 PMCID: PMC8254702 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-021-03319-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Agmatine, an endogenous derivative of arginine, has been found to be effective in treating idiopathic pain, convulsion, stress-mediated behavior, and attenuate the withdrawal symptoms of drugs like morphine. In the early stages of ischemic brain injury in animals, exogenous agmatine treatment was found to be neuroprotective. Agmatine is also considered as a putative neurotransmitter and is still an experimental drug. Chemically, agmatine is called agmatine 1-(4-aminobutyl guanidine). Crystallographic study data show that positively-charged guanidine can bind to the protein containing Gly and Asp residues, and the amino group can interact with the complimentary sites of Glu and Ser. In this study, we blocked the amino end of the agmatine by conjugating it with FITC, but the guanidine end was unchanged. We compared the neuroprotective function of the agmatine and agmatine-FITC by treating them in neurons after excitotoxic stimulation. We found that even the amino end blocked neuronal viability in the excitotoxic condition, by NMDA treatment for 1 h, was increased by agmatine-FITC, which was similar to that of agmatine. We also found that the agmatine-FITC treatment reduced the expression of nitric oxide production in NMDA-treated cells. This study suggests that even if the amino end of agmatine is blocked, it can perform its neuroprotective function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Barua
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722 Korea
| | - A Young Sim
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722 Korea
- BK21 Plus Project for Medical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722 Korea
| | - Jong Youl Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722 Korea
| | - Injae Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722 Korea
| | - Jong Eun Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-Ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722 Korea
- BK21 Plus Project for Medical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722 Korea
- Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722 Korea
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Kosonen R, Barua S, Kim JY, Lee JE. Role of agmatine in the application of neural progenitor cell in central nervous system diseases: therapeutic potentials and effects. Anat Cell Biol 2021; 54:143-151. [PMID: 34162764 PMCID: PMC8225474 DOI: 10.5115/acb.21.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Agmatine, the primary decarboxylation product of L-arginine, generated from arginine decarboxylase. Since the discovery of agmatine in the mammalian brain in the 1990s, an increasing number of agmatine-mediated effects have been discovered, demonstrating the benefits of agmatine on ischemic strokes, traumatic brain injury and numerous psychological disorders such as depression, anxiety, and stress. Agmatine also has cellular protective effects and contributes to cell proliferation and differentiation in the central nervous system (CNS). Neural progenitor cells are an important component in the recovery and repair of many neurological disorders due to their ability to differentiate into functional adult neurons. Recent data has revealed that agmatine can regulate and increase proliferation and the fate of progenitor cells in the adult hippocampus. This review aims to summarise and discuss the role of agmatine in the CNS; specifically, the effects and relationship between agmatine and neural progenitor cells and how these ideas can be applied to potential therapeutic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renée Kosonen
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sumit Barua
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Youl Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Eun Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Chae SY, Park HM, Oh TH, Lee JE, Lee HJ, Jeong WG, Kim YH. Fusarium species causing invasive fungal pneumonia in an immunocompetent patient: a case report. J Int Med Res 2021; 48:300060520976475. [PMID: 33284723 PMCID: PMC7724421 DOI: 10.1177/0300060520976475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusarium is a large genus of filamentous fungi that are rarely
associated with disease in humans. In the clinical setting, Fusarium
species are often difficult to distinguish from other fungal organisms, particularly
Aspergillus species. Invasive fungal pneumonia caused by
Fusarium species has rarely been reported, especially in
immunocompetent patients. In this study, we reported a case of invasive
Fusarium pneumonia in a previously healthy 68-year-old woman. The
disease was initially misdiagnosed as invasive Aspergillus pneumonia
because of the similarity in radiologic and histopathologic findings between these
conditions. After Fusarium was identified via microbiological analysis,
the antifungal agent was changed, and the patient recovered fully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Yoon Chae
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Mi Park
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hoon Oh
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Eun Lee
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jae Lee
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun-gun, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Gi Jeong
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun-gun, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Hyeon Kim
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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Lee J, Lee JS, Lee JE, Kim Z, Han SW, Hur SM, Choi YJ, Park S. A Nationwide Study on the Incidence of Breast Cancer in Korean Women with Osteoporosis Receiving Raloxifene Treatment. J Breast Cancer 2021; 24:280-288. [PMID: 34128366 PMCID: PMC8250100 DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2021.24.e28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Raloxifene is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), and raloxifene treatment for osteoporosis is reimbursable under the Korean National Health Insurance. Evidence suggests that SERMs use reduces the risk of breast cancer in Asian population. Herein, we retrospectively investigated the protective effect of raloxifene on breast cancer rates in Korean population. Methods Using the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service database, we selected women with osteoporosis aged 50 years and above. Patients treated for at least 2 years with raloxifene were assigned to the user group, whereas the remaining patients were assigned to the non-user group. The effect on breast cancer risk was assessed using the Cox proportional-hazards model with a time-dependent covariate to adjust for immortal time bias. Results A total of 322,870 women who were registered between 2010 and 2011 were included. The user group comprised 0.7% (n = 2,307) of the total population. The mean age was 65.7 ± 8.0 years and 67.2 ± 8.6 years in the user and non-user groups, respectively (p < 0.001). There was no difference in the previous use of estrogen replacement between the 2 groups (p = 0.087). The incidence of breast cancer per 1,000 person-years was 0.49 (n = 8) and 0.68 (n = 1,714) in the user and non-user groups, respectively (hazard ratio [HR], 0.63, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.32–1.27). HR decreased with increase in the treatment duration, but this change was not statistically significant (HR, 1.00, 95% CI, 0.32–3.11 in 2–3 years; HR, 0.63, 95% CI, 0.20–1.94 in 3–4 years; and HR, 0.41, 95% CI, 0.10–1.65 in 4–5 years). Conclusion Long-term treatment with raloxifene in women with osteoporosis was not significantly associated with a reduction in breast cancer rates. However, further investigation is required for a conclusive proof.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihyoun Lee
- Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Sung Lee
- Clinical Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Eun Lee
- Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Zisun Kim
- Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Sun Wook Han
- Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Sung Mo Hur
- Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Young Jin Choi
- Department of Breast Surgery, Chungbuk National University Hospital, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Sungmin Park
- Department of Breast Surgery, Chungbuk National University Hospital, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea.
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Kim JY, Kim JH, Park J, Beom JH, Chung SP, You JS, Lee JE. Targeted Temperature Management at 36 °C Shows Therapeutic Effectiveness via Alteration of Microglial Activation and Polarization After Ischemic Stroke. Transl Stroke Res 2021; 13:132-141. [PMID: 33893993 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-021-00910-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic injury leads to cell death and inflammatory responses after stroke. Microglia especially play a crucial role in this brain inflammation. Targeted temperature management (TTM) at 33 °C has shown neuroprotective effects against many acute ischemic injuries. However, it has also shown some adverse effects in preclinical studies. Therefore, we explored the neuroprotective effect of TTM at 36 °C in the ischemic brain. To confirm the neuroprotective effects of hypothermia, mice were subjected to a permanent stroke and then treated with one of the TTM paradigms at 33 and 36 °C. For comparison of TTM at 33 and 36 °C, we examined neuronal cell death and inflammatory response, including activation and polarization of microglia in the ischemic brain. TTM at 33 and 36 °C showed neuroprotective effects in comparison with normal body temperature (NT) at 37.5 °C. Mice under TTM at 33 and 36 °C showed ~ 45-50% fewer TUNEL-positive cells than those under NT. In IVIS spectrum CT, the activation of microglia/macrophage in CX3CR1GFP mice reduced after TTM at 33 and 36 °C in comparison with that after NT on day 7 after ischemic stroke. The number of Tmem119-positive cells under TTM at 33 and 36 °C was ~ 45-50% lower than that in mice under NT. TTM at 33 and 36 °C also increased the ratio of CD206-/CD86-positive cells than the ratio of CD86-/CD206-positive cells by ~ 1.2-fold. Thus, TTM at 33 and 36 °C could equivalently decrease the expression of certain cytokines after ischemic stroke. Our study suggested that TTM at 33 or 36 °C produces equivalent neuroprotective effects by attenuating cell death and by altering microglial activation and polarization. Therefore, TTM at 36 °C can be considered for its safety and effectiveness in ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Youl Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hee Kim
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, 211 Eonju-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06273, Republic of Korea
| | - Joohyun Park
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Ho Beom
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, 211 Eonju-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06273, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Phil Chung
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, 211 Eonju-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06273, Republic of Korea
| | - Je Sung You
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, 211 Eonju-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06273, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong Eun Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,BK21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu, Medical School Building Room # 146, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea. .,Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Cheon SY, Lee JE. Extracellular Vesicles and Immune System in Ageing and Immune Diseases. Exp Neurobiol 2021; 30:32-47. [PMID: 33632983 PMCID: PMC7926047 DOI: 10.5607/en20059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune system is essential for host homeostasis. Immune cells communicate with each other by binding to receptors or by releasing vesicles including chemokines and cytokines. Under healthy circumstances, immune cell-derived factors are critical for cellular growth, division and function, whereas under conditions such as ageing and inflammatory states, they can aggravate pathologies and cause disease. Cell-derived membranous extracellular vesicles mediate cell-to-cell communication and are implicated in various physiological and pathological processes involving ageing and age-related diseases. Extracellular vesicles are responsible for spreading detrimental factors to the surroundings and the propagation phase of inflammatory diseases. The regulation of extracellular vesicles is a putative target for treatment of inflammatory diseases. Moreover, their features are ideal for developing biomarkers and drug delivery systems modulated by bioengineering in inflammatory diseases. The present review summarizes the current understanding of extracellular vesicles in ageing and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Yeong Cheon
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical & Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea
| | - Jong Eun Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea.,BK21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, and Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
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Lee JE, Seo PH, Bak JG, Yun GS. A machine learning approach to identify the universality of solitary perturbations accompanying boundary bursts in magnetized toroidal plasmas. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3662. [PMID: 33574460 PMCID: PMC7878480 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83192-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Experimental observations assisted by 2-D imaging diagnostics on the KSTAR tokamak show that a solitary perturbation (SP) emerges prior to a boundary burst of magnetized toroidal plasmas, which puts forward SP as a potential candidate for the burst trigger. We have constructed a machine learning (ML) model based on a convolutional deep neural network architecture for a statistical study to identify the SP as a boundary burst trigger. The ML model takes sequential signals detected from 19 toroidal Mirnov coils as input and predicts whether each temporal frame corresponds to an SP. We trained the network in a supervised manner on a training set consisting of real signals with manually annotated SP locations and synthetic burst signals. The trained model achieves high performances in various metrics on a test data set. We also demonstrated the reliability of the model by visualizing the discriminative parts of the input signals that the model recognizes. Finally, we applied the trained model to new data from KSTAR experiments, which were never seen during training, and confirmed that the large burst at the plasma boundary that can fatally damage the fusion device always involves the emergence of SP. This result suggests that the SP is a key to understanding and controlling of the boundary burst in magnetized toroidal plasmas.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Lee
- Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Korea
| | - P H Seo
- Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Korea
| | - J G Bak
- National Fusion Research Institute, Daejeon, 34133, Korea
| | - G S Yun
- Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Korea.
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Lee JE, Jeong WG, Kim YH. Differentiation of primary lung cancer from solitary lung metastasis in patients with colorectal cancer: a retrospective cohort study. World J Surg Oncol 2021; 19:28. [PMID: 33487164 PMCID: PMC7831192 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-021-02131-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to evaluate the computed tomography (CT) features of solitary pulmonary nodule (SPN), which can be a non-invasive diagnostic tool to differentiate between primary lung cancer (LC) and solitary lung metastasis (LM) in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods This retrospective study included SPNs resected in CRC patients between January 2011 and December 2019. The diagnosis of primary LC or solitary LM was based on histopathologic report by thoracoscopic wedge resection. Chest CT images were assessed by two thoracic radiologists, and CT features were identified by consensus. Predictive parameters for the discrimination of primary LC from solitary LM were evaluated using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results We analyzed CT data of 199 patients (mean age, 65.95 years; 131 men and 68 women). The clinical characteristic of SPNs suggestive of primary LC rather than solitary LM was clinical stages I–II CRC (P < 0.001, odds ratio [OR] 21.70). The CT features of SPNs indicative of primary LC rather than solitary LM were spiculated margin (quantitative) (P = 0.020, OR 8.34), sub-solid density (quantitative) (P < 0.001, OR 115.56), and presence of an air bronchogram (quantitative) (P = 0.032, OR 5.32). Conclusions Quantitative CT features and clinical characteristics of SPNs in patients with CRC could help differentiate between primary LC and solitary LM. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12957-021-02131-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Eun Lee
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, 42 Jebong-ro, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Gi Jeong
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun-gun, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Hyeon Kim
- Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, 42 Jebong-ro, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 61469, Republic of Korea.
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Park J, Kim JY, Kim YR, Huang M, Chang JY, Sim AY, Jung H, Lee WT, Hyun YM, Lee JE. Reparative System Arising from CCR2(+) Monocyte Conversion Attenuates Neuroinflammation Following Ischemic Stroke. Transl Stroke Res 2021; 12:879-893. [PMID: 33409730 PMCID: PMC8421302 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-020-00878-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Monocytes recruitment from the blood to inflamed tissues following ischemic stroke is an important immune response to wound healing and tissue repair. Mouse monocytes can be endogenously divided into two distinct populations: pro-inflammatory or classical monocytes that express CCR2highCX3CR1low and circulate in blood, and anti-inflammatory or non-classical monocytes that express CCR2lowCX3CR1high and patrol locally. In this study of transgenic mice with functional CX3CR1GFP/+ or CX3CR1GFP/+-CCR2RFP/+, we found that CCR2highCX3CR1low monocytes recruited to the injured brain were cytokine-dependently converted into CCR2lowCX3CR1high macrophages, especially under the influence of IL-4 and IL-13, thereby attenuating the neuroinflammation following sterile ischemic stroke. The overall data suggest that (1) the regulation of monocyte-switching is one of the ultimate reparative strategies in ischemic stroke, and (2) the adaptation of monocytes in a locally inflamed milieu is vital to alleviating the effects of ischemic stroke through innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joohyun Park
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Youl Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Rim Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Meiying Huang
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Young Chang
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - A Young Sim
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hosung Jung
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Taek Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Min Hyun
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong Eun Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Lee HJ, Lim HS, Ki SY, Park HM, Lee JE, Jeong WG, Shin SS, Kwon SY, Park MH, Lee JS. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake on PET/computed tomography in association with androgen receptor expression and other clinicopathologic factors in surgically resected triple-negative breast cancer. Nucl Med Commun 2021; 42:101-106. [PMID: 33044403 DOI: 10.1097/mnm.0000000000001300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether androgen receptor expression in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is associated with F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake and to identify predictive factors of F-FDG uptake in TNBC. METHODS We retrospectively assessed data of 156 surgically resected primary TNBC in 156 consecutive patients who underwent F-FDG PET/computed tomography between July 2013 and May 2017. Clinicopathologic features, including androgen receptor expression, were categorized and the distribution of maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) was compared between the groups. We also evaluated the correlations between the predictive factors and SUVmax. RESULTS Median SUVmax was higher in the androgen receptor-negative group than in the androgen receptor-positive group (8.8 vs. 7.1, P = 0.026) with negative correlation between androgen receptor and SUVmax (P = 0.041, correlation coefficient (r) = -0.163). On multivariate regression analysis, tumor size (>20 mm), histological grade, Ki-67 (≥14%), and the presence of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) were significantly associated with SUVmax (P < 0.001, P = 0.012, P = 0.017 and P = 0.021, respectively). Tumor size, histological grade and Ki-67 were positively correlated with SUVmax (P < 0.001, r = 0.450; P = 0.004, r = 0.228; P = 0.001, r = 0.269, respectively), while the presence of DCIS showed negative correlation with SUVmax (P < 0.001, r = -0.292). CONCLUSION Androgen receptor-positive TNBC showed lower F-FDG uptake than androgen receptor-negative triple-TNBC. Tumor size, histological grade, Ki-67 and the presence of DCIS significantly influenced F-FDG uptake in TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ji Shin Lee
- Department of Pathology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, 322 Seoyang-ro, Hwasun-eup, Hwasun-gun, Jeollanam-do, Korea
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