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Alhemedi AJ, Qasaimeh MG, Abdo N, Elsalem L, Qaadan D, Alomari E, lssa Q, Alhadeethi M, Abdul Kareem HM, Almasri A, Elkhateeb O, Naser AY. Depression Among University Students in Jordan After the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2023; 16:4237-4249. [PMID: 37873060 PMCID: PMC10590589 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s436293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background University students encounter stressors that make them more susceptible to depression than the general population. Depression negatively impacts mental and physical health. Our study assessed the prevalence of depression among university students in Jordan and its associated predictors after the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods We conducted this cross-sectional online survey study in the first quarter of 2022 by sending an online questionnaire to university students aged 18 years and older. This study assessed the symptoms of depression using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify associated predictors of depression. Results A total of 535 university students participated in this study. The mean depression score for the study participants was 13.9 (SD: 7.1) out of 27, representing a moderate level of depression. Among the participants, 26.2% had moderate, 19.3% had moderately severe, and 25.8% had severe depression. Students who drink three or more cups of coffee per day, have had an evaluation of their psychological state by specialists before, and have been diagnosed with any mental illness were more likely to have a higher depression score compared to others (p<0.05). On the other hand, students who were aged 24 years and older and those who practiced regular exercise were less likely to have a higher depression score compared to others (p<0.05). Conclusion We found a high prevalence of depression among university students in Jordan. This result is vital for decision-makers to implement a plan to prevent and manage this mental health issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahlam J Alhemedi
- Department of Public Health and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Motaz Ghazi Qasaimeh
- Department of General Surgery and Anesthesia, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Nour Abdo
- Department of Public Health and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Lina Elsalem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Dina Qaadan
- Department of Clinical Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Esraa Alomari
- Department of Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Isra University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Qudama lssa
- Department of Public Health and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Mohammed Alhadeethi
- Department of Public Health and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Hamza Mazin Abdul Kareem
- Department of Public Health and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Ayham Almasri
- Department of Public Health and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Osama Elkhateeb
- Department of Public Health and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Abdallah Y Naser
- Department of Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Isra University, Amman, Jordan
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Basheer HA, Alhusban MA, Zaid Alkilani A, Alshishani A, Elsalem L, Afarinkia K. Niosomal Delivery of Celecoxib and Metformin for Targeted Breast Cancer Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5004. [PMID: 37894371 PMCID: PMC10605450 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15205004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer continues to be a prominent worldwide health concern and requires continued investigation into innovative therapeutic approaches. Here, we report the first investigation into the therapeutic efficacy of combining Metformin (MET) and Celecoxib (CXB), both in free and niosomal form, for the treatment of breast cancer. Our investigation encompassed the characterization of these niosomal drug carriers, their stability assessment, and their effect on breast cancer cell models. The thin-film hydration technique was employed to prepare niosomes with spherical, uniform-size distributions and high encapsulation efficiencies. The niosomes were characterized by TEM, particle size analyzer, and ATR-FTIR. The niosomes with an average size of 110.6 ± 0.6 and 96.7 ± 0.7, respectively, for MET and CXB were stable when stored at 4 °C for three months with minimal drug leakage, minor changes in encapsulation efficiency and size, and unchanged physicochemical parameters. Evaluation in two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) viability assays demonstrated an increased cytotoxicity of encapsulated drugs when compared to their free-drug counterparts. Additionally, the combination of Metformin Niosomal Particles (MET NPs) and Celecoxib Niosomal Particles (CXB NPs) led to decreased cell viability in both 2D and 3D models compared to each drug administered individually. When comparing the effect of the niosomal versus the free combination of the drugs on cell migration, we found that both interventions effectively prevented cell migration. However, the efficacy of the niosomes' combination was not superior to that of the free drug combination (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the results of this study provide valuable insights into the potential application of combining MET and CXB nanoparticle delivery systems to breast cancer treatment. Exploring the in vivo application of this drug delivery system could open new avenues for more effective and targeted therapeutic approaches for breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haneen A. Basheer
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zarqa University, Zarqa 13110, Jordan
| | - Maram A. Alhusban
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zarqa University, Zarqa 13110, Jordan
| | - Ahlam Zaid Alkilani
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zarqa University, Zarqa 13110, Jordan
| | - Anas Alshishani
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zarqa University, Zarqa 13110, Jordan
| | - Lina Elsalem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan;
| | - Kamyar Afarinkia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of West London, London W5 5RF, UK;
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Alfaqih MA, Elsalem L, Nusier M, Mhedat K, Khader Y, Ababneh E. Serum Leptin Receptor and the rs1137101 Variant of the LEPR Gene Are Associated with Bladder Cancer. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1498. [PMID: 37892180 PMCID: PMC10604959 DOI: 10.3390/biom13101498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, bladder cancer (BC) is one of the ten most common tumors. Obesity is a worldwide problem associated with an increased BC risk. Considering that levels of leptin and/or its receptor are often deregulated in obese individuals, we hypothesized that they could contribute to BC. To test this hypothesis, we utilized a case-control study in which 116 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of BC and 116 controls were recruited. The serum levels of leptin and leptin receptor were measured. Patients and controls were also genotyped for SNPs in the LEP (rs7799039, rs791620, and rs2167270) and LEPR genes (rs1137100, rs1137101, and rs1805094). The univariate analysis indicated that BC patients had significantly higher levels of leptin and lower levels of leptin receptor (p < 0.05). Moreover, rs7799039 of LEP and rs1137101 of LEPR were associated with BC (p < 0.05). In the multivariate analysis, leptin receptor levels were protective (OR: 0.98, 95% CI = 0.97-0.99, p = 0.002) while the GG genotype of rs1137101 of LEPR increased BC risk (OR: 3.42, 95% CI = 1.27-9.20, p = 0.02). These findings highlight that lifestyle changes could be useful in preventing BC and that disturbances in energy metabolism could play a role in the pathobiology of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud A. Alfaqih
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama 15503, Bahrain
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan; (M.N.); (K.M.); (E.A.)
| | - Lina Elsalem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan;
| | - Mohamad Nusier
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan; (M.N.); (K.M.); (E.A.)
| | - Khawla Mhedat
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan; (M.N.); (K.M.); (E.A.)
| | - Yousef Khader
- Department of Community Medicine, Public Health and Family Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan;
| | - Ebaa Ababneh
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan; (M.N.); (K.M.); (E.A.)
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Ikhmais BA, Hammad AM, Abusara OH, Hamadneh L, Abumansour H, Abdallah QM, Ibrahim AIM, Elsalem L, Awad M, Alshehada R. Investigating Carvedilol's Repurposing for the Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer via Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Activity Modulation in the Presence of β-Adrenergic Agonists. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:7996-8012. [PMID: 37886948 PMCID: PMC10605277 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45100505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Repurposing existing drugs appears to be a potential solution for addressing the challenges in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). β-adrenoceptor antagonist drugs (β-blockers) have tumor-inhibiting effects, making them promising candidates for potential NSCLC treatment. This study investigates the anticancer potential of a subset of β-blockers in NSCLC cell lines; A549 and H1299. Additionally, it investigates the underlying mechanism behind β-blockers' anticancer effect by influencing a potential novel target named aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH). The MTT assay assessed β-blockers' cytotoxicity on both cell lines, while Western blot and NADH fluorescence assays evaluated their influence on ALDH protein expression and activity. Carvedilol (CAR) was the most effective blocker in reducing cell survival of A549 and H1299 with IC50 of 18 µM and 13.7 µM, respectively. Significantly, CAR led to a 50% reduction in ALDH expression and 80% decrease in ALDH activity in A549 cells, especially when combined with β-agonists, in comparison to the control. This effect might be attributed to β-agonist blockade or an alternative pathway. This novel finding adds to our understanding of CAR's multifaceted anticancer properties, implying that combining CAR with β-agonists could be a useful strategy for lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balqis A. Ikhmais
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, P.O. Box 130, Amman 11733, Jordan; (A.M.H.); (O.H.A.); (H.A.); (A.I.M.I.); (M.A.); (R.A.)
| | - Alaa M. Hammad
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, P.O. Box 130, Amman 11733, Jordan; (A.M.H.); (O.H.A.); (H.A.); (A.I.M.I.); (M.A.); (R.A.)
| | - Osama H. Abusara
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, P.O. Box 130, Amman 11733, Jordan; (A.M.H.); (O.H.A.); (H.A.); (A.I.M.I.); (M.A.); (R.A.)
| | - Lama Hamadneh
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Balqa Applied University, P.O. Box 206, Al-Salt 19117, Jordan;
| | - Hamza Abumansour
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, P.O. Box 130, Amman 11733, Jordan; (A.M.H.); (O.H.A.); (H.A.); (A.I.M.I.); (M.A.); (R.A.)
| | - Qasem M. Abdallah
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Petra, P.O. Box 961343, Amman 11196, Jordan;
| | - Ali I. M. Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, P.O. Box 130, Amman 11733, Jordan; (A.M.H.); (O.H.A.); (H.A.); (A.I.M.I.); (M.A.); (R.A.)
| | - Lina Elsalem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan;
| | - Mariam Awad
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, P.O. Box 130, Amman 11733, Jordan; (A.M.H.); (O.H.A.); (H.A.); (A.I.M.I.); (M.A.); (R.A.)
| | - Rahaf Alshehada
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, P.O. Box 130, Amman 11733, Jordan; (A.M.H.); (O.H.A.); (H.A.); (A.I.M.I.); (M.A.); (R.A.)
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Al Bashir S, Al-Azzam N, Elsalem L, Al Smerat A, Haddad HK, Alsulaiman J, Kheirallah KA, Alzoubi KH. Medical, Dental, and Nursing Students' Experience with Virtual Practical Sessions: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Developing Country. Adv Med Educ Pract 2023; 14:1045-1054. [PMID: 37789926 PMCID: PMC10542108 DOI: 10.2147/amep.s425144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the scope of healthcare education and shifted the teaching methods from on-campus to virtual. The impact of such a shift has rarely been investigated, and limited evidence exists about students' experience in terms of effort made and time spent, especially for laboratory sessions. Assessing students' experiences will provide paramount evidence to fine-tune laboratory virtual learning sessions. Objective To assess students' experience of virtual (online) laboratory sessions versus on-campus laboratory sessions, including preference, time spent, the effort made, ability to remember instructions, and preference for future teaching. Methods A cross-sectional study was utilized. A Google Forms questionnaire was prepared and sent to medicine, dentistry, and nursing school students registered at Jordan University of Science and Technology (JUST) during the 2019/2020 academic year. Self-reported preference, time spent, efforts made, ability to remember instructions and preference for future teaching were assessed for virtual versus on-campus anatomy, pathology, microbiology, histology, and physiology laboratory sessions. Results A total of 455 students participated in this questionnaire. More students in histology (55.2%), pathology (57.4%), and microbiology (55.3%) laboratories, but not anatomy (39.6%) physiology (443.95), reported preferring virtual sessions over on-campus sessions. More students from histology (35.6%) and microbiology (37.0%) reported spending less effort than on-campus sessions. More than half of the participants agreed that virtual laboratory sessions consumed less time than on-campus sessions. Participants reported that they cannot remember the instruction given during virtual teaching compared to on-campus teaching. Differences in students' experiences were detected by gender, major, and year of study. Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic has the potential to change the future of healthcare education, and preparation for future crises is paramount. Effort made, time spent, ability to remember, and preference for virtual education should be considered in terms of gender, major of study, and year. These differences should also be reflected in the planning of virtual sessions for effective implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Al Bashir
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Nosayba Al-Azzam
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Lina Elsalem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Aya Al Smerat
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Husam K Haddad
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Health, Amman, Jordan
| | - Jomana Alsulaiman
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical School of Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Khalid A Kheirallah
- Department of Public Health, Community Medicine and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Karem H Alzoubi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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Elsalem L, Al Shatnawi A, A Alfaqih M, Alshoh A, Al Demour S, Al-Daghmin A, Halalsheh O, Kheirallah K, Ahram M. Discovery of a novel genetic variant in the N-acetyltransferase2 (NAT2) gene that is associated with bladder cancer risk. Acta Biochim Pol 2023; 70:575-582. [PMID: 37595067 DOI: 10.18388/abp.2020_6590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Smoking is a main risk factor for bladder cancer (BC). NAT2 is a drug-metabolizing enzyme that catalyses the detoxification of many xenobiotics and carcinogens. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in NAT2 results in different acetylation phenotypes (fast, intermediate or slow). Certain NAT2 SNPs were associated with BC and/or modified the association of BC with smoking. However, limited evidence is available among BC patients or smokers from Jordan. This study aimed to discover novel SNPs in NAT2 and to assess the association with BC. This was a case-control study among 120 BC patients and 120 controls. Amplification of a 446 bp fragment of NAT2 encoding the N-catalytic domain was conducted using a polymerase chain reaction. Gene sequencing was done using Sanger-based technology. A total of 40 SNPs were detected. Two variants were significantly associated with BC (p<0.05); namely a novel c.87G>A and the reported c.341T>C. Regarding c.87G>A, genotype distribution was significantly associated with BC and subgroup analysis confirmed that this was significant in both smokers (p=0.007) and non-smokers (p=0.001). Regression subgroup analysis suggested GA as a risk factor among smokers (AOR= 2.356). The frequencies of TC and CC genotypes of c.341T>C were significantly higher in BC (p<0.05). This was statistically significant among smokers only (p=0.044), upon subgroup analysis. Multivariate analysis showed that subjects with TC genotype are 6.15 more likely to develop BC and regression subgroup analysis revealed TC as a risk factor among smokers (AOR=5.47). This is the first study from Jordan to report the association of smoking and two NAT2 variants with BC. The data supports the use of GA and TC genotypes of the novel c.87G>A and the reported c.341T>C SNPs, respectively as potential biomarkers of BC, particularly among smokers. Future investigations with a larger population are required to support our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Elsalem
- Jordan University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Ahmad Al Shatnawi
- Jordan University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Irbid, Jordan; 2Royal Medical Services, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Mahmoud A Alfaqih
- 3Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain; 4Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Ayat Alshoh
- Jordan University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Saddam Al Demour
- The University of Jordan, School of Medicine, Department of Special Surgery, Division of Urology, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ali Al-Daghmin
- 6King Hussein Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Amman, Jordan; 7Abdali Medical Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - Omar Halalsheh
- Jordan University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Surgery and Urology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Khalid Kheirallah
- Jordan University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Mamoun Ahram
- The University of Jordan, School of Medicine, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Amman, Jordan
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Al-U'datt DGF, Alu'datt MH, Tranchant CC, Al-Dwairi A, Al-Shboul O, Almajwal A, Elsalem L, Jaradat S, Alzoubi KH, Faleh BG, Ahmed YB, Alqbelat J. Royal jelly mediates fibrotic signaling, collagen cross-linking and cell proliferation in cardiac fibroblasts. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 164:114922. [PMID: 37236025 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Royal jelly (RJ) is a multifunctional bee product with a unique composition and wide-ranging biological properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative activities. Still, little is known about the possible myocardial protective properties of RJ. Considering that sonication could enhance RJ bioactivity, this study aimed to assess the effects of non-sonicated (NS) and sonicated (S) RJ on fibrotic signaling, cell proliferation, and collagen production in cardiac fibroblasts. S-RJ was produced by ultrasonication at 20 kHz. Ventricular fibroblasts isolated from neonatal rats were cultured and treated with different concentrations of NS-RJ or S-RJ (0, 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 µg/well). S-RJ significantly depressed the expression levels of transglutaminase 2 (TG2) mRNA across all the concentrations tested and was inversely associated with the expression of this profibrotic marker. S-RJ and NS-RJ displayed distinct dose-dependent effects on mRNA expression of several other profibrotic, proliferation, and apoptotic markers. Unlike NS-RJ, S-RJ elicited strong negative dose-dependent relationships with the expression of profibrotic markers (TG2, COL1A1, COL3A1, FN1, CTGF, MMP-2, α-SMA, TGF-β1, CX43, periostin), as well as proliferation (CCND1) and apoptotic (BAX, BAX/BCL-2) markers, indicating that RJ dose-response effects were significantly modified by sonification. NS-RJ and S-RJ increased the content of soluble collagen, while decreasing collagen cross-linking. Collectively, these findings show that S-RJ has a greater range of action than NS-RJ for downregulating the expression of biomarkers associated with cardiac fibrosis. Reduced biomarker expression and collagen cross-linkages upon cardiac fibroblast treatment with specific concentrations of S-RJ or NS-RJ suggests putative roles and mechanisms by which RJ may confer some protection against cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doa'a G F Al-U'datt
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
| | - Muhammad H Alu'datt
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Carole C Tranchant
- School of Food Science, Nutrition and Family Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences and Community Services, Université de Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada.
| | - Ahmed Al-Dwairi
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Othman Al-Shboul
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Ali Almajwal
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lina Elsalem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Saied Jaradat
- Princess Haya Biotechnology Center, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Karem H Alzoubi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Belal G Faleh
- General Surgery Department, Princess Basma Teaching Hospital, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Yaman B Ahmed
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Jenan Alqbelat
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
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8
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Jaber D, Basheer HA, Elsalem L, Dweib M, Khadra M, Abduljabbar R, Ghazwi R, Alhamad H. Prevalence and Predictive Factors of Masked Depression and Anxiety among Jordanian and Palestinian Couples: A Cross-Sectional Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10091679. [PMID: 36141291 PMCID: PMC9498670 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10091679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Although anxiety and depression are among the most prevalent mental disorders worldwide, they continue to gain less attention than their physical counterparts in terms of health care provision and population mentalisation. This cross-sectional study explores and compares the national prevalence of depression and anxiety signs/symptoms and well as identifying associated socio-demographic factors among Jordanian and Palestinian fertile couples. Four-hundred and sixty-nine participants were eligible for inclusion and agreed to participate in the study. The mean score for HAM-A and BDI-II were 12.3 ± 8.2 and 15.30 ± 10.0, respectively. According to the grading of HAM-A and BDI-II, the majority of the participants have graded themselves to be mildly anxious (N = 323, 68.9%) and around one third of participants (N = 148, 31.6%) moderately to severe depressed. The suicidal intent was remarkable and of concern where around 18.6% of participants had suicidal thoughts and wishes. There was a significant correlation between both HAM-score and BDI-II score and age [p = 0.01, p = 0.011, respectively], body weight [p = 0.01, p = 0.006, respectively], and total monthly income [p < 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively]. Our findings ought to alert healthcare professionals and other interested parties that there is a high burden of anxiety and depression symptoms among Jordanian and Palestinian couples. To support Jordanian and Palestinian couples’ mental health, healthcare professionals, researchers, and educators favoured to concentrate on creating efficient and culturally relevant education, preventive, and intervention procedures utilising evidence-based guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deema Jaber
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zarqa University, Zarqa 13110, Jordan
- Correspondence:
| | - Haneen A. Basheer
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zarqa University, Zarqa 13110, Jordan
| | - Lina Elsalem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Mohammad Dweib
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hebron University, Hebron P720, Palestine
| | - Maysa Khadra
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Rami Abduljabbar
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Rawan Ghazwi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Hamza Alhamad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zarqa University, Zarqa 13110, Jordan
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9
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Almanasrah S, Osaili TM, Al-Nabulsi AA, Obeidat NA, Sindiani AM, Elsalem L, Alkhalidy H, Mohamad MN, Saleh ST, Al Daour R, Al Dhaheri AS, Cheikh Ismail L. Food safety knowledge and risk perception among pregnant women: A cross-sectional study in Jordan during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Sustain Food Syst 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2022.996302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundPregnant women are at a higher risk of food poisoning compared to the general population. This can be detrimental to both the mother and the fetus. This study aimed to assess the level of knowledge and risk perception of basic food safety and handling among pregnant women in Jordan amid the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsA descriptive cross-sectional quantitative study among pregnant women in Jordan was conducted using an online questionnaire between November 2020 and January 2021. The survey included socio-demographic data, food safety knowledge, and risk perception questions as well as COVID-19 related questions. A total score for food safety awareness out of 50 was derived for each participant based on the sum of scores from all domains. Student t-test and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) were conducted using SPSS (Version 26) to compare the mean sum of correct responses of every section (knowledge score) by sociodemographic characteristics.ResultsA total of 325 participants completed the web-based survey. Most of the participants reported receiving food safety-related information during pregnancy (64.9%). The mean total score for the participants was 23.3 ± 4.6 out of 50 (score percentage 46.6%). Participants were mostly aware of foodborne diseases (82.7%) followed by cleaning and sanitation (51.2%), and personal hygiene (49.1%). The least amount of awareness was observed in the cross-contamination (35.0%), food consumption and safety (35.0%), and temperature control (32.8%) domains. Older participants and those with higher education had significantly higher mean scores (p < 0.001). Most participants agreed that the pandemic had a positive impact on enhancing the measures taken to maintain food safety during the pandemic.ConclusionsThis study identified gaps in food safety-related knowledge. Educational programs for pregnant women need robust reinforcement within the community. Efficient educational approaches related to food safety should be provided by health care providers and local health authorities. While the COVID-19 pandemic persists, pregnant women must be well-educated about the virus and its prevention strategies to avoid being infected and ensure their baby's safety as well as their own.
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10
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Elsalem L, Alfaqih MA, Al Bashir S, Halalsheh O, Basheer HA, Mhedat K, Khader Y, Pors K. Genetic variation in the ADIPOQ gene and serum adiponectin increase the risk of bladder cancer. J Appl Biomed 2022; 20:106-113. [DOI: 10.32725/jab.2022.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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11
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Al-Nabulsi AA, Jaradat ZW, Qudsi F, Elsalem L, Osaili TM, Olaimat AN, Esposito G, Liu SQ, Ayyash MM. Characterization and bioactive properties of exopolysaccharides produced by Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus bulgaricus isolated from labaneh. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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12
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Aiyappa-Maudsley R, Elsalem L, Ibrahim AIM, Pors K, Martin SG. In vitro radiosensitization of breast cancer with hypoxia-activated prodrugs. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:4577-4590. [PMID: 35841287 PMCID: PMC9357624 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
KP167 is a novel hypoxia‐activated prodrug (HAP), targeting cancer cells via DNA intercalating and alkylating properties. The single agent and radiosensitizing efficacy of KP167 and its parental comparator, AQ4N, were evaluated in 2D and 3D cultures of luminal and triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell lines and compared against DNA damage repair inhibitors. 2D normoxic treatment with the DNA repair inhibitors, Olaparib or KU‐55933 caused, as expected, substantial radiosensitization (sensitiser enhancement ratio, SER0.01 of 1.60–3.42). KP167 induced greater radiosensitization in TNBC (SER0.01 2.53 in MDAMB‐231, 2.28 in MDAMB‐468, 4.55 in MDAMB‐436) and luminal spheroids (SER0.01 1.46 in MCF‐7 and 1.76 in T47D cells) compared with AQ4N. Significant radiosensitization was also obtained using KP167 and AQ4N in 2D normoxia. Although hypoxia induced radioresistance, radiosensitization by KP167 was still greater under 2D hypoxia, yielding SER0.01 of 1.56–2.37 compared with AQ4N SER0.01 of 1.13–1.94. Such data show KP167 as a promising single agent and potent radiosensitiser of both normoxic and hypoxic breast cancer cells, with greater efficacy in TNBCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radhika Aiyappa-Maudsley
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, UK.,Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, William Henry Duncan Building, Liverpool, UK
| | - Lina Elsalem
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK.,Jordan University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Ali I M Ibrahim
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Klaus Pors
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK
| | - Stewart G Martin
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Biodiscovery Institute, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, UK
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13
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Al‐Azzam N, Elsalem L, Abumousa B. Uric Acid and Genetic Polymorphisms in the SLC2A9 and Xanthine Oxidase Genes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Jordan: A Cross‐sectional Study. FASEB J 2022. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2022.36.s1.r3957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nosayba Al‐Azzam
- Physiology and BiochemistryJordan University of Science and TechnologyIrbid
| | - Lina Elsalem
- PharmacologyJordan University of Science and TechnologyIrbid
| | - Balqis Abumousa
- Physiology and BiochemistryJordan University of Science and TechnologyIrbid
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14
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Basheer HA, Elsalem L, Jaber D, Ibraheem SM, Alhamad H, Jum’ah AA. Knowledge, awareness and practices regarding dietary supplements in Jordan. TROP J PHARM RES 2022. [DOI: 10.4314/tjpr.v20i3.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To investigative the knowledge, attitudes and beliefs pertaining to dietary supplements (DS) use in Jordan.
Methods: Participants were enrolled from four main cities in Jordan, viz, Amman, Zarqa, Irbid, and Mafraq, to fill a self-administered questionnaire which explored the objectives of the study.
Results: Most participants (80 %) knew what DS are. The prevalence of DS use was high (62.1 %) and significantly higher among females (p = 0.004). The most commonly consumed DS among users were in the form of multivitamins (93.0 %), vitamin D (65.8 %) and vitamin C (57.6 %). About half of the participants (46.2 %) believed that DS have no side effects. The most frequent source of information for participants about DS was from non-reliable references, such as social media. Self-prescription was the most common approach by DS users for supplement intake. Finally, the common hypothesis of associating healthy habits with DS use was not found to be true among Jordanians.
Conclusion: These results highlight the need to implement appropriate awareness programs for the public regarding DS benefits and hazards, and especially to advise the public not to initiate DS use without first consulting an appropriate healthcare professional.
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15
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Al-Husein B, Azlan M, Za'ror YMA, Zulkafli Z, Al-Eitan L, Elsalem L. The expression of BCL11A, KLF1, and ERK of mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway on stem cell factor and erythropoietin-treated K562 cells. Biomed Biotechnol Res J 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/bbrj.bbrj_201_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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16
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Basheer HA, Elsalem L, Salem A, Tailor A, Hunter K, Afarinkia K. The Expression of Glutaminases and their Association with Clinicopathological Parameters in the Head and Neck Cancers. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2021; 22:169-179. [PMID: 34951574 DOI: 10.2174/1568009622666211224111425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The increased glutamine metabolism is a characteristic feature of cancer cells. The interconversion between glutamine and glutamate is catalyzed by two glutaminase isoforms, GLS1 and GLS2, which appear to have different roles in different types of cancer. We investigated for the first time the protein expression of GLS1 and GLS2, and their correlation with advanced clinicopathological parameters in head and neck cancers. METHOD Consecutive slides from a tissue microarray comprised of 80 samples ranging from normal to metastatic, were stained immunohistochemically for GLS1, GLS2, HIF-1α or CD147. Following analysis by two expert pathologists we carried out statistical analysis of the scores. RESULTS GLS1 and GLS2 are upregulated at protein level in head and neck tumours compared to normal tissues and this increased expression correlated positively (GLS1) and negatively (GLS2) with tumor grade, indicating a shift of expression between GLS enzyme isoforms based on tumor differentiation. Increased expression of GLS1 was associated with high CD147 expression; and elevated GLS2 expression was associated with both high CD147 and high HIF-1α expressions. The correlation of the GLS1 and GLS2 with HIF-1α or CD147 was strongly associated with more advanced clinicopathological parameters. CONCLUSION The increased expression of GLS1 and GLS2 may be explored as a new treatment for head and neck cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haneen A Basheer
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Zarqa University, PO Box 132222, Zarqa 13132, Jordan
| | - Lina Elsalem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, PO Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Anwar Salem
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, University of Bradford, Richmond Road, BD7 1DP, United Kingdom. 4School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom
| | - Artysha Tailor
- School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom
| | - Keith Hunter
- School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom
| | - Kamyar Afarinkia
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, University of Bradford, Richmond Road, BD7 1DP, United Kingdom
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17
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Elsalem L, Al Sheboul S, Khasawneh A. Synergism between WLBU2 peptide and antibiotics against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacter cloacae. J Appl Biomed 2021; 19:14-25. [PMID: 34907712 DOI: 10.32725/jab.2021.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Infections caused by Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) producing Enterobacter cloacae are considered as major therapeutic challenge due to their multidrug-resistant (MDR) phenotype against conventional antibiotics. WLBU2 is an engineered cationic peptide with potent antimicrobial activity. This in-vitro study aimed to evaluate the effects of WLBU2 against clinical isolates of the aforementioned bacteria and assess whether synergistic effects can be achieved upon combination with conventional antibiotics. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of antimicrobial agents against bacterial clinical isolates (n = 30/strain) were determined using the microbroth dilution assay. The minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of WLBU2 were determined from microbroth dilution (MICs) tests by subculturing to agar plates. MICs of WLBU2 were evaluated in the presence of physiological concentrations of salts including NaCl, CaCl2 and MgCl2. To identify bacterial resistance profile, MRSA were treated with Oxacillin, Erythromycin and Vancomycin, while Ceftazidime, Ceftriaxone, Ciprofloxacin and Imipenem were used against Enterobacter cloacae. Combination treatments of antibiotics and sub-inhibitory concentrations of WLBU2 were conducted when MICs indicated intermediate/resistant susceptibility. The MICs/MBCs of WLBU2 were identical for each respective bacteria with values of 0.78-6.25 μM and 1.5-12.5 μM against MRSA and Enterobacter cloacae, respectively. WLBU2 was found as salt resistant. Combination treatment showed that synergistic and additive effects were achieved in many isolates of MRSA and Enterobacter cloacae. Our data revealed that WLBU2 is a potent peptide with bactericidal activity. In addition, it demonstrated the selective advantage of WLBU2 as a potential therapeutic agent under physiological solutions. Our findings also support the combination of WLBU2 and conventional antibiotics with potential application for treatment of resistant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Elsalem
- Jordan University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Suhaila Al Sheboul
- Jordan University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Ayat Khasawneh
- Jordan University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Irbid, Jordan.,The Jordanian Royal Medical Services, Department of Clinical Pathology and Microbiology, Amman, Jordan
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18
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Jum’ah AA, Elsalem L, Loch C, Schwass D, Brunton PA. Perception of health and educational risks amongst dental students and educators in the era of COVID-19. Eur J Dent Educ 2021; 25:506-515. [PMID: 33188555 PMCID: PMC7753269 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the perceived educational and health risks associated with the COVID-19 pandemic amongst dental students and educators. METHODS A 17-item electronic survey was sent to 496 undergraduate dental students and 53 clinical faculty members who attended clinical sessions during the outbreak period. The survey explored various aspects related to primary sources and prevention of disease exposure, dental management of suspected cases, impact of COVID-19 on students' clinical performance and effects of suspension of educational activities on academic performance and clinical competence. RESULTS The response rate of the students' was 60.7% (n = 301). The majority of students reported that performing clinical work during the outbreak posed significant health concerns, resulted in a significant stress and negatively affected their clinical performance. The majority of students believed that aerosols generated during dental procedures are the major source for disease exposure and universal protective equipment is not effective for prevention. The decision to suspend teaching activities was supported by 89% of the students. Opinions were divided regarding the impact of the suspension on the academic performance and clinical competence. Educational videos were the most preferred form of distance education. The response rate of faculty members was 60.4% (n = 32). Responses of faculty members were similar to students, though fewer concerns were reported regarding the risk of disease transmission. All respondents agreed that extra-precautionary measures are required to ensure optimum protection against disease exposure. CONCLUSIONS The recent COVID-19 outbreak has adversely affected various elements of dental education. High levels of major health risk perception were noted amongst students and educators. The interruption to academic and clinical activities may lead to an inevitable skill deficit within the new generation of dental graduates. Educators are under significant pressure to accommodate abrupt changes in teaching methods, find solutions to mitigate skill deficit and ensure safe clinical practice once clinical activities are resumed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad A. Jum’ah
- Faculty of DentistryDepartment of Conservative DentistryJordan University of Science and TechnologyIrbidJordan
| | - Lina Elsalem
- Faculty of MedicineDepartment of PharmacologyJordan University of Science and TechnologyIrbidJordan
| | - Carolina Loch
- Faculty of DentistryUniversity of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand
| | - Donald Schwass
- Faculty of DentistryUniversity of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand
| | - Paul A. Brunton
- Faculty of DentistryUniversity of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand
- Division of Health SciencesUniversity of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand
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19
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Kheirallah K, Bloukh S, Khasawneh W, Alsulaiman J, Khassawneh A, Al-Mistarehi AH, Alqudah M, Elsalem L, Al Bashir S, Awad HH, Al-Shatanawi T, Saleh T. Medical students' relative immunity, or lack thereof, against COVID-19 emotional distress and psychological challenges; a descriptive study from Jordan. F1000Res 2021; 10:297. [PMID: 34026047 PMCID: PMC8108551 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.52051.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Emotional distress is a major impact of COVID-19 among not only the general public but also healthcare workers including medical students. This study aimed at describing self-reported changes in emotional reactions associated with COVID-19 among medical students in Jordan and to assessing the potential effect of social media utilization on emotional distress among this group. Methods: A cross-sectional design was utilized to collect data early on during the outbreak in Jordan. All medical students in Jordan were eligible to complete an online questionnaire assessing self-reported emotional reactions to COVID-19 that covered four main domains: negative emotion (anxiety, worry, depression, panic, loneliness, and nervousness), positive emotion (happiness, joy, and excitement), sleep disorders (insomnia, shallow sleep, nightmares, and insufficient sleep), and aggression (verbal argument and physical fighting). The frequency of social media utilization as a main source of COVID-19 information was also assessed. Results: 59.9% of participants were females, 64.9% were enrolled at the two major medical schools in Jordan, and 59.6% were in the pre-clinical stage (years). A significant proportion of participants self-reported increased negative emotional levels of anxiety (49.2%), worry (72.4%), depression (23.1%), panic (22.6%), and nervousness (38.2%) and decreased positive emotional levels of happiness (44.8%), joy (47.3%), and feelings of excitement (45.1%). Self-reported sleep disorders were not as common (less than 15% for any of the four items), while arguing with others was at 26.7%. Significant differences by gender and academic year were detected. Almost half of participants reported using social media as a main source of COVID-19 information "most/all-the-times" with a significant effect of such on reducing emotional distress. Conclusion: The results suggest a potential effect of COVID-19 on the emotional distress of medical students. Addressing and mitigating such effects is crucial. The potential buffering effect of social media should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Kheirallah
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Sarah Bloukh
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine at The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Wasim Khasawneh
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Medical School of Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Jomana Alsulaiman
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine at Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Adi Khassawneh
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Abdel-Hameed Al-Mistarehi
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Mohammad Alqudah
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Medical School of Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Lina Elsalem
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School of Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Samir Al Bashir
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Medical School of Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Hasan H Awad
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Tariq Al-Shatanawi
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine at Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Salt, Jordan
| | - Tareq Saleh
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine at The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
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20
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Aljanabi MA, Alfaqih MA, Khanfar M, Amarin ZO, Elsalem L, Saadeh R, Al-Mughales F. Leptin and the GA genotype of rs2167270 of the LEP gene increase the risk of prediabetes. Biomed Rep 2021; 14:44. [PMID: 33786173 DOI: 10.3892/br.2021.1420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Prediabetes is a precursor stage that frequently develops to definitive type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Therefore, identifying individuals with prediabetes can allow for early intervention measures that delay or prevent disease progression to T2DM. Several biochemical changes appear to be associated with prediabetes, including an increase in the serum levels of leptin. In Jordan, this association has not been previously investigated. In the present study, the serum levels of leptin were measured in 122 prediabetes subjects and 122 controls. Furthermore, the genotypes of three single nucleotide polymorphisms in the LEP gene (rs7799039, rs2167270 and rs791620) were investigated for their association with prediabetes using PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism. The results revealed a significant increase in serum leptin levels in the prediabetes group. It was also shown that the GA genotype and the A allele of rs2167270 were significantly associated with an increased risk of prediabetes (P<0.05). These findings were shown to be independent of body mass index, waist circumference and serum glucose levels. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first in Jordan to have reported an association between serum leptin levels and the GA genotype of rs2167270 with an increased risk of prediabetes, identified both in the univariate and multivariate models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukhallad A Aljanabi
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Mahmoud A Alfaqih
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Mariam Khanfar
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Zouhair O Amarin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Lina Elsalem
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Rami Saadeh
- Department of Community Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Faheem Al-Mughales
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
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21
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Al-Azzam N, Al-Azzam S, Elsalem L, Karasneh R. Hypertension prevalence and associated factors among patients with diabetes: A retrospective cross-sectional study from Jordan. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2021; 61:126-131. [PMID: 33456771 PMCID: PMC7797506 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2020.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hypertension (HTN) is a common comorbidity among diabetic patients. Studies reported that HTN prevalence in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) depends on many risk factors related to the disease (the type and duration of DM), patients (age, sex, race/ethnicity, BMI), and medical history (glycemic control, renal problems). Best to our knowledge, limited evidence is available in this regard among Jordanian population. Objectives This retrospective cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence of HTN among patients with DM in Jordan and factors that might be associated with the concurrence of both diseases. Materials and methods A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine HTN prevalence and risk factors among diabetic outpatients in Jordan. Patients were asked about their sociodemographic information and medical history. A descriptive analysis was used to determine HTN prevalence and a fit bivariate logistic regression model was used to identify the significant risk factors of HTN in patients with type 2 DM (T2DM). Results HTN was found to be concurrently occurring in approximately 80% of T2DM patients. This was found to increase with age. In addition, dyslipidemia, gout disease, ischemic heart disease, renal impairment, or a family history of HTN were found to be associated with the concurrence of HTN among T2DM patients. Conclusion Findings from this study highlight the need for proper monitoring of DM patients to reduce the co-occurrence of HTN. Specific attention should be directed to control the patients' glycemic and lipid profiles as well as the cardiac and renal health using non-pharmacological and pharmacological measures. This is of particular importance in T2DM patients at old age and with family history of HTN, to reduce patients’ deterioration. Results from this study will also be informative for the development of public health strategies to increase the awareness of the general population regarding T2DM and HTN since both diseases are very common among Jordanian population. Hypertension is concurrently occurring in around 80 % of Jordanian diabetics. The risk of having hypertension in diabetics increases with patient age, family history of hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Gout disease, ischemic heart disease, and renal impairment increase the risk of hypertension in diabetics. Public health strategies are needed to increase the awareness of general population regarding diabetes and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nosayba Al-Azzam
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Sayer Al-Azzam
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Lina Elsalem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Reema Karasneh
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
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22
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Al-Azzam N, Elsalem L, Gombedza F. A cross-sectional study to determine factors affecting dental and medical students' preference for virtual learning during the COVID-19 outbreak. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05704. [PMID: 33324768 PMCID: PMC7728427 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Virtual “online” teaching has been adopted by most universities around the world during the COVID-19 outbreak. This study aims to investigate the factors that might affect students’ preference for virtual learning. Since a second wave of such pandemic is expected to occur, professors and teaching assistants may want to be prepared and aware to create an effective virtual learning environment for students. Using an online survey questionnaire, a total of 488 students in their basic science years of study (first to the third year) who are enrolled in dental and medical college responded to the online survey. The authors utilized a binary logistic regression model to estimate the impact of the nine explanatory variables (gender, student's year of study, accessibility of online tools, class engagement in virtual classes, GPA change during COVID-19 outbreak, class attendance in virtual vs. in-person lectures, type of study material, time saving for virtual classes, and anxiety level during the COVID-19 outbreak) on the students' preference for virtual learning. The analysis of variance showed that three out of the nine variables were not significant to the model: gender, study level, and study material. In addition, to understand the behavioral intention for the students during such pandemic, the online survey questionnaire captured students' voice on their willingness to wear masks, wash their hands, or both as well as their acceptance to take the vaccine once it is available. The results showed that 7.02 % of the students did not change simple health behaviors and 18.43% are not interested in taking the vaccine. This implies the importance of enacting new laws for reopening universities, applying high fines for violators, and obligating students to take the vaccine since university settings have high levels of social contact with populations from different communities and countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nosayba Al-Azzam
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Jordan
| | - Lina Elsalem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Jordan
| | - Farai Gombedza
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Faculty of Engineering and Sciences, Purdue University Northwest, USA
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23
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Elsalem L, Al-Azzam N, Jum'ah AA, Obeidat N, Sindiani AM, Kheirallah KA. Stress and behavioral changes with remote E-exams during the Covid-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study among undergraduates of medical sciences. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2020; 60:271-279. [PMID: 33163179 PMCID: PMC7604013 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2020.10.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) forced the worldwide higher educational institutes to adopt distance learning mode. Further, remote electronic exams (E-exams) were considered as mode of assessment. Objectives: This cross-sectional study evaluated the students' experience of remote E-exams during the COVID-19 pandemic among Medical Sciences students in Jordan. Materials and Methods: A survey of 29 questions was prepared on Google forms and distributed among students at Faculties of Medical Sciences (Medicine, Dentistry, Pharmacy, Nursing and Applied Medical Sciences) at Jordan University of Science and Technology. The questions include students' demographics, stress experience, and factors contributing to stress as well as behavioral changes related to remote E-exams. Responses were analyzed using descriptive, cross tabulation and Chi-square tests. Results: Among 1019 respondents, 32% reported more stress with remote E-exams. This was associated with academic major and gender. Among students with more stress during remote E-exams, the exam duration, mode of questions navigation and technical problems (exam platform and internet connectivity) appeared as the main factors related to stress in 78%, 76% and >60%, respectively. Other factors include concern regarding the teaching methods, exam environment and students' dishonesty. Remote E-exams had negative impact on students' dietary habits (increase consumption of caffeine and high energy drinks, high sugar food, fast food), sleep (reduction in sleeping hours, more consumption of insomnia medications), physical activity (less exercises) and smoking habits (increase). Conclusion: Results suggested a negative impact of E-exams on students within Medical Faculties. Robust exam platform and remote mock E-exams are recommended to reduce students' potential stress. A stress-free environment is very essential to encourage students to adopt remote E-exams, particularly if the pandemic will take longer. Various awareness programs about students' habits related to dietary, sleep quality, physical activity and smoking are highly valuable for students' health benefits. This is of particular importance since the current students at Faculties of Medical Sciences are the future health care providers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Elsalem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Nosayba Al-Azzam
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Ahmad A. Jum'ah
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Nail Obeidat
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Amer Mahmoud Sindiani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Khalid A. Kheirallah
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
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24
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Sindiani AM, Obeidat N, Alshdaifat E, Elsalem L, Alwani MM, Rawashdeh H, Fares AS, Alalawne T, Tawalbeh LI. Distance education during the COVID-19 outbreak: A cross-sectional study among medical students in North of Jordan. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2020; 59:186-194. [PMID: 33042535 PMCID: PMC7531436 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2020.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction In the spot of the new emerging COVID-19 pandemic and its major impact worldwide on day-to-day activities many rules had to be changed in order to fight this pandemic. Lockdown started in Jordan and around the globe affecting several aspects of life including economy, education, entertainment, and government policies. Regarding education, the priority was to ensure the safety and progress of the educational process. Thus, new methods of teaching had to be applied using the online learning at Jordan University of Science and Technology (JUST), Faculty of Medicine. This study was done to assess (1) Class Experience (2) Students and Lecturers' Interaction (3) Online Learning Advantages & Disadvantages (4) Students’ Preference. Methods A cross sectional study was conducted Convenience sampling technique was used to collect the data from the participants using a survey composed of 18 questions on Google Forms platform. A link was sent to the undergraduate medical students at the Jordan University of Science & Technology via their e-learning accounts (n = 3700). The form was available from May 22nd, 2020 to May 30th, 2020 for 8 days long. Data analysis was done using SPSS V 23. Results 2212 out of 3700 students responded, (55.8%) of them were in the basic years and (44.2%) of them were in the clinical years. (55.8%) of students started to take online lectures after 3 weeks. (45.7%) used the hybrid teaching method (asynchronous and synchronous), (31.4%) used live classes, and 22.8% recorded classes. Zoom was the most used platform. (48.7%) and (57%) of clinical students and basic students express their interaction as bad, while the others had good and excellent interaction. Maintaining social distance was the most advantage of online teaching, while poor technical setup and no direct contact were the most disadvantage, furthermore inability to have real clinical access was a significant problem for clinical students (p < .001). With reference to students’ preferences 75% of students were not pleased with their experience and 42% of students prefer to integrate online learning with traditional learning. Conclusion Most medical students at JUST preferred the traditional face-to-face teaching method over the solo online teaching methods with recommendations to convert to a more integrated educational system. Also, a well-established infrastructure should be done in involving online teaching. The traditional teaching is preferred more than the online one among the students. 43.9% of clinical group students believe that inability to have clinical access is a major obstacle when using the online learning. Students who had underwent online learning before the pandemic are more pleased with their online experience. Online learning helps maintaining social distance among students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amer Mahmoud Sindiani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
- Corresponding author. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O.Box: (3030), Irbid, 22110, Jordan.
| | - Nail Obeidat
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Eman Alshdaifat
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Lina Elsalem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbi, Jordan
| | - Mustafa M. Alwani
- Medical Students, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Hasan Rawashdeh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Ahmad S. Fares
- Medical Students, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Tamara Alalawne
- Medical Students, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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25
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Loch C, Kuan IBJ, Elsalem L, Schwass D, Brunton PA, Jum'ah A. COVID-19 and dental clinical practice: Students and clinical staff perceptions of health risks and educational impact. J Dent Educ 2020; 85:44-52. [PMID: 32914437 DOI: 10.1002/jdd.12402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES Due to the nature of the profession, dental healthcare workers are exposed to infectious diseases such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and the severity of the pandemic presents challenges to dental education institutions worldwide. This study investigated dental students and clinical staff perceptions of health risks and impacts on clinical competence of working in teaching clinics during the COVID-19 outbreak. METHODS A 39-item survey composed of closed and open questions was sent to students and clinical staff of a prominent Australasian dental school. Questions focused on students and clinical staff perceived impact of COVID-19 on their health, clinical safety and dental education. RESULTS The majority of staff and students perceived their health to be at risk and this increased their stress and impacted clinical performance, particularly for students. The production of aerosols and violation of cross-infection protocols by some students were the main perceived contributors to COVID-19 cross-infection in teaching clinics. Both students and staff considered the closure of teaching clinics would cause extreme impacts on students' clinical competence; however, online case-based discussions and tutorials were suggested as potential alternative teaching methods that could be adopted during that period. CONCLUSION(S) The challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic also bring opportunities for dental education development; mainly in terms of infection prevention and control improvement, preparedness to respond to future contagious diseases, and exploring the benefits of online learning in dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Loch
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Ian B J Kuan
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Lina Elsalem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Donald Schwass
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Paul A Brunton
- Division of Health Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Ahmad Jum'ah
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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26
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Elsalem L, Jum'ah AA, Alfaqih MA, Aloudat O. The Bacterial Microbiota of Gastrointestinal Cancers: Role in Cancer Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Perspectives. Clin Exp Gastroenterol 2020; 13:151-185. [PMID: 32440192 PMCID: PMC7211962 DOI: 10.2147/ceg.s243337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The microbiota has an essential role in the pathogenesis of many gastrointestinal diseases including cancer. This effect is mediated through different mechanisms such as damaging DNA, activation of oncogenic pathways, production of carcinogenic metabolites, stimulation of chronic inflammation, and inhibition of antitumor immunity. Recently, the concept of "pharmacomicrobiomics" has emerged as a new field concerned with exploring the interplay between drugs and microbes. Mounting evidence indicates that the microbiota and their metabolites have a major impact on the pharmacodynamics and therapeutic responses toward anticancer drugs including conventional chemotherapy and molecular-targeted therapeutics. In addition, microbiota appears as an attractive target for cancer prevention and treatment. In this review, we discuss the role of bacterial microbiota in the pathogenesis of different cancer types affecting the gastrointestinal tract system. We also scrutinize the evidence regarding the role of microbiota in anticancer drug responses. Further, we discuss the use of probiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, and antibiotics, either alone or in combination with anticancer drugs for prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal tract cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Elsalem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Ahmad A Jum'ah
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Mahmoud A Alfaqih
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Osama Aloudat
- Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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27
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Elsalem L, Allison S, Phillips R, Pors K. PO-273 Aldehyde dehydrogenase 7A1 (ALDH7A1) contributes to reduction of reactive oxygen species generation in colorectal tumour microenvironment. ESMO Open 2018. [DOI: 10.1136/esmoopen-2018-eacr25.787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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28
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Elsalem L, Fotopoulos A, Papathanasiou A, Allison S, Moreb J, Cournia Z, Pors K. Human aldehyde dehydrogenase 7A1 (ALDH7A1) expression affects cancer cell proliferation, migration and cell protection against oxidative stress. Eur J Cancer 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)61361-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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29
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Vinader V, Sadiq M, Sutherland M, Huang M, Loadman PM, Elsalem L, Shnyder SD, Cui H, Afarinkia K, Searcey M, Patterson LH, Pors K. Probing cytochrome P450-mediated activation with a truncated azinomycin analogue. Med Chem Commun 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4md00411f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Selective cytochrome P450 bioactivation of truncated azinomycin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Sadiq
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics
- University of Bradford
- UK
| | | | - Mengying Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology
- Southwest University
- Chongqing
- China
| | | | - Lina Elsalem
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics
- University of Bradford
- UK
| | | | - Hongjuan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology
- Southwest University
- Chongqing
- China
| | | | - Mark Searcey
- School of Pharmacy
- University of East Anglia
- Norwich NR4 7TJ
- UK
| | | | - Klaus Pors
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics
- University of Bradford
- UK
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30
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Sheldrake HM, Travica S, Johansson I, Loadman PM, Sutherland M, Elsalem L, Illingworth N, Cresswell AJ, Reuillon T, Shnyder SD, Mkrtchian S, Searcey M, Ingelman-Sundberg M, Patterson LH, Pors K. Re-engineering of the Duocarmycin Structural Architecture Enables Bioprecursor Development Targeting CYP1A1 and CYP2W1 for Biological Activity. J Med Chem 2013; 56:6273-7. [DOI: 10.1021/jm4000209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Helen M. Sheldrake
- Institute
of Cancer Therapeutics, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, U.K
| | - Sandra Travica
- Department of Physiology and
Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, SE-17177
Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Inger Johansson
- Department of Physiology and
Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, SE-17177
Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paul M. Loadman
- Institute
of Cancer Therapeutics, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, U.K
| | - Mark Sutherland
- Institute
of Cancer Therapeutics, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, U.K
| | - Lina Elsalem
- Institute
of Cancer Therapeutics, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, U.K
| | - Nicola Illingworth
- Institute
of Cancer Therapeutics, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, U.K
| | | | - Tristan Reuillon
- Institute
of Cancer Therapeutics, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, U.K
| | - Steven D. Shnyder
- Institute
of Cancer Therapeutics, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, U.K
| | - Souren Mkrtchian
- Department of Physiology and
Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, SE-17177
Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mark Searcey
- School
of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia,
Norwich Research Park, Norwich
NR4 7TJ, U.K
| | | | | | - Klaus Pors
- Institute
of Cancer Therapeutics, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, U.K
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