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Al-Wajeeh NS, Hajerezaie M, Noor SM, Halabi MF, Al-Henhena N, Azizan AHS, Kamran S, Hassandarvish P, Shwter AN, Karimian H, Ali HM, Abdulla MA. Retraction Note: The gastro protective effects of Cibotium barometz hair on ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in sprague-dawley rats. BMC Vet Res 2024; 20:140. [PMID: 38582835 PMCID: PMC10998301 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-024-04003-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nahla Saeed Al-Wajeeh
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
| | - Maryam Hajerezaie
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
| | - Suzita Mohd Noor
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
| | - Mohammed Farouq Halabi
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
| | - Nawal Al-Henhena
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
| | | | - Sareh Kamran
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
| | - Pouya Hassandarvish
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
| | - Abdrabuh N Shwter
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
| | - Hamed Karimian
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
| | - Hapipah Mohd Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia.
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Jabbar AA, Abdul-Aziz Ahmed K, Abdulla MA, Abdullah FO, Salehen NA, Mothana RA, Houssaini J, Hassan RR, Hawwal MF, Fantoukh OI, Hasson S. Sinomenine accelerate wound healing in rats by augmentation of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunuhistochemical pathways. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23581. [PMID: 38173533 PMCID: PMC10761791 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Sinomenine (SN) is a well-documented unique plant alkaloid extracted from many herbal medicines. The present study evaluates the wound healing potentials of SN on dorsal neck injury in rats. A uniform cut was created on Sprague Dawley rats (24) which were arbitrarily aligned into 4 groups receiving two daily topical treatments for 14 days as follows: A, rats had gum acacia; B, rats addressed with intrasite gel; C and D, rats had 30 and 60 mg/ml of SN, respectively. The acute toxicity trial revealed the absence of any toxic signs in rats after two weeks of ingestion of 30 and 300 mg/kg of SN. SN-treated rats showed smaller wound areas and higher wound closure percentages compared to vehicle rats after 5, 10, and 15 days of skin excision. Histological evaluation of recovered wound tissues showed increased collagen deposition, fibroblast content, and decreased inflammatory cells in granulated tissues in SN-addressed rats, which were statistically different from that of gum acacia-treated rats. SN treatment caused positive augmentation of Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 (angiogenetic factor) in wound tissues, denoting a higher conversion rate of fibroblast into myofibroblast (angiogenesis) that results in faster wound healing action. Increased antioxidant enzymes (SOD and CAT), as well as decreased MDA contents in recovered wound tissues of SN-treated rats, suggest the antioxidant potentials of SN that aid in faster wound recovery. Wound tissue homogenates showed higher hydroxyproline amino acid (collagen content) values in SN-treated rats than in vehicle rats. SN treatment suppressed the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and increased anti-inflammatory cytokines in the serum of wounded rats. The outcomes present SN as a viable pharmaceutical agent for wound healing evidenced by its positive modulation of the antioxidant, immunohistochemically proteins, hydroxyproline, and anti-inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A.j. Jabbar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Erbil Technical Health and Medical College, Erbil Polytechnic University, Erbil, 44001, Iraq
| | - Khaled Abdul-Aziz Ahmed
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Science, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Fuad Othman Abdullah
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Erbil, 44001, Iraq
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tishk International University, Erbil, 44001, Iraq
| | - Nur Ain Salehen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
| | - Ramzi A. Mothana
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jamal Houssaini
- Department of Laboratory and Forensic Medicine (I-PPerForM), Institute of Pathology, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 47000, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Sungai Buloh Campus, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 47000, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rawaz Rizgar Hassan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Science, Knowledge University, Kirkuk Road, Erbil, 44001, Iraq
| | - Mohammed F. Hawwal
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omer I. Fantoukh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sidgi Hasson
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, L3 5UG, UK
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Abdul-Aziz Ahmed K, Jabbar AAJ, Abdulla MA, Zuhair Alamri Z, Ain Salehen N, Abdel Aziz Ibrahim I, Almaimani G, Bamagous GA, Almaimani RA, Almasmoum HA, Ghaith MM, Farrash WF. Mangiferin (mango) attenuates AOM-induced colorectal cancer in rat's colon by augmentation of apoptotic proteins and antioxidant mechanisms. Sci Rep 2024; 14:813. [PMID: 38191592 PMCID: PMC10774405 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50947-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Mangiferin (MF) is a natural C-glucosylxantone compound that has many substantial curative potentials against numerous illnesses including cancers. The present study's goal is to appraise the chemo preventive possessions of MF on azoxymethane (AOM)-mediated colonic aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in rats. Rats clustered into 5 groups, negative control (A), inoculated subcutaneously with normal saline twice and nourished on 0.5% CMC; groups B-E injected twice with 15 mg/kg azoxymethane followed by ingestion of 0.5% CMC (B, cancer control); intraperitoneal inoculation of 35 mg/kg 5-fluorouracil (C, reference rats) or nourished on 30 mg/kg (D) and 60 mg/kg (E) of MF. Results of gross morphology of colorectal specimens showed significantly lower total colonic ACF incidence in MF-treated rats than that of cancer controls. The colon tissue examination of cancer control rats showed increased ACF availability with bizarrely elongated nuclei, stratified cells, and higher depletion of the submucosal glands compared to MF-treated rats. Mangiferin treatment caused increased regulation of pro-apoptotic (increased Bax) proteins and reduced the β-catenin) proteins expression. Moreover, rats fed on MF had significantly higher glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and lower malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations in their colonic tissue homogenates. Mangiferin supplementation significantly down-shifted pro-inflammatory cytokines (transforming growth factor-α and interleukine-6) and up-shifted anti-inflammatory cytokines (interleukine-10) based on serum analysis. The chemo-protective mechanistic of MF against AOM-induced ACF, shown by lower ACF values and colon tissue penetration, could be correlated with its positive modulation of apoptotic cascade, antioxidant enzymes, and inflammatory cytokines originating from AOM oxidative stress insults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Abdul-Aziz Ahmed
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ahmed A J Jabbar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Erbil Technical Health and Medical College, Erbil Polytechnic University, Erbil, 44001, Iraq.
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Science, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Zaenah Zuhair Alamri
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, University of Jeddah, P.O. Box 80327, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nur Ain Salehen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ibrahim Abdel Aziz Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghassan Almaimani
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, PO Box 7607, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghazi A Bamagous
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riyad A Almaimani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussain A Almasmoum
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mazen M Ghaith
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wesam F Farrash
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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Ali Abed Wahab B, Ain Salehen N, Abdulla MA, A.j. Jabbar A, Abdel Aziz Ibrahim I, Almaimani G, AbdulMonam Zainel M, Bamagous GA, Almaimani RA, Almasmoum HA, Ghaith MM, Farrash WF, Almutawif YA. Pinostrobin attenuates azoxymethane-induced colorectal cytotoxicity in rats through augmentation of apoptotic Bax/Bcl-2 proteins and antioxidants. SAGE Open Med 2023; 11:20503121231216585. [PMID: 38078205 PMCID: PMC10710114 DOI: 10.1177/20503121231216585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Pinostrobin (5-hydroxy-7-methoxyflavanone; PN) is a natural active ingredient with numerous biological activities extensively utilized in tumour chemotherapy. The present study investigates the chemo-preventive potentials of PN on azoxymethane-mediated colonic aberrant crypt foci in rats. METHODS Sprague Dawley rats clustered into five groups, normal control (A) and cancer controls were subcutaneously injected with normal saline and 15 mg/kg azoxymethane, respectively, and nourished on 10% tween 20 and fed on 10% tween 20; reference control (C), injected with 15 mg/kg azoxymethane and injected (intraperitoneal) with 35 mg/kg 5-fluorouracil (5-FU); D and E rat groups received a subcutaneous injection of 15 mg/kg azoxymethane and nourished on 30 and 60 mg/kg of PN, respectively. RESULTS The acute toxicity trial showed a lack of any abnormal signs or mortality in rats ingested with 250 and 500 mg/kg of PN. The gross morphology of colon tissues revealed significantly lower total colonic aberrant crypt foci incidence in PN-treated rats than that of cancer controls. Histological examination of colon tissues showed increased aberrant crypt foci availability with bizarrely elongated nuclei, stratified cells and higher depletion of the submucosal glands in cancer controls. PN treatment caused positive modulation of apoptotic (Bax and Bcl-2) proteins and inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10). Moreover, rats fed on PN had significantly higher antioxidants (superoxide dismutase) and lower malondialdehyde concentrations in their colon tissue homogenates. CONCLUSION The chemoprotective efficiency of PN against azoxymethane-induced aberrant crypt foci is shown by lower aberrant crypt foci values and higher aberrant crypt foci inhibition percentage, possibly through augmentation of genes responsible for apoptotic cascade and inflammations originating from azoxymethane oxidative stress insults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bassam Ali Abed Wahab
- Faculty of Vet Medicine, Department of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology, University of Kufa, Kufa, Iraq
| | - Nur Ain Salehen
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Science, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Ahmed A.j. Jabbar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Erbil Technical Health and Medical College, Erbil Polytechnic University, Erbil 44001, Iraq
| | - Ibrahim Abdel Aziz Ibrahim
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghassan Almaimani
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ghazi A Bamagous
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riyad A Almaimani
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussain A Almasmoum
- Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mazen M Ghaith
- Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wesam F Farrash
- Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yahya A Almutawif
- Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
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Jabbar AA, Mothana RA, Ameen Abdulla M, Othman Abdullah F, Abdul-Aziz Ahmed K, Rizgar Hussen R, Hawwal MF, Fantoukh OI, Hasson S. Mechanisms of anti-ulcer actions of Prangos pabularia (L.) in ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in rats. Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31:101850. [PMID: 37965491 PMCID: PMC10641563 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.101850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Peptic ulcer disease is the greatest digestive disorder that has increased incidence and recurrence rates across all nations. Prangos pabularia (L.) has been well documented as a folkloric medicinal herb utilized for multiple disease conditions including gastric ulcers. Hence, the target study was investigation the gastro-protection effects of root extracts of Prangos pabularia (REPP) on ethanol-mediated stomach injury in rats. Sprague Dawley rats were clustered in 5 cages: A and B, normal and ulcer control rats pre-ingested with 1 % carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)); C, reference rats had 20 mg/kg omeprazole; D and E, rats pre-supplemented with 250 and 500 mg/kg of REPP, respectively. After one hour, group A was given orally 1 % CMC, and groups B-E were given 100 % ethanol. The ulcer area, gastric acidity, and gastric wall mucus of all stomachs were determined. The gastric tissue homogenates were examined for antioxidant and MDA contents. Moreover, the gastric tissues were analyzed by histopathological and immunohistochemically assays. Acute toxicity results showed lack of any toxic effects or histological changes in rats exposed to 2 and 5 g/kg of REPP ingestion. The ulcer controls had extensive gastric mucosal damage with lower gastric juice and a reduced gastric pH. REPP treatment caused a significant reduction of the ethanol-induced gastric lacerations represented by an upsurge in gastric mucus and gastric wall glycoproteins (increased PAS), a decrease in the gastric acidity, leukocyte infiltration, positively modulated Bax and HSP 70 proteins, consequently lowered ulcer areas. REPP supplementation positively modulated oxidative stress (increased SOD, CAT, PGE2, and reduced MDA) and inflammatory cytokines (decreased serum TNF-α, IL-6, and increased IL-10) levels. The outcomes could be scientific evidence to back-up the folkloric use of A. Judaica as a medicinal remedy for oxidative stress-related disorders (gastric ulcer).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A.J. Jabbar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Erbil Technical Health and Medical College, Erbil Polytechnic University, Erbil 44001, Iraq
| | - Ramzi A. Mothana
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Science, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Fuad Othman Abdullah
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Erbil 44001, Iraq
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tishk International University, Erbil 44001, Iraq
| | - Khaled Abdul-Aziz Ahmed
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman 19328, Jordan
| | - Rawaz Rizgar Hussen
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Science, Knowledge University, Kirkuk Road, Erbil 44001, Iraq
| | - Mohammed F. Hawwal
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omer I. Fantoukh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sidgi Hasson
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK
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AL-Wajeeh NS, Hajrezaie M, Al-Henhena N, Kamran S, Bagheri E, Zahedifard M, Saremi K, Noor SM, Ali HM, Abdulla MA. The Antiulcer Effect of Cibotium barometz Leaves in Rats with Experimentally Induced Acute Gastric Ulcer [Retraction]. Drug Des Devel Ther 2023; 17:3549-3550. [PMID: 38050637 PMCID: PMC10693767 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s451967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
[This retracts the article DOI: 10.2147/DDDT.S107018.].
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Ibrahim MY, Alamri ZZ, Juma ASM, Hamood SA, Shareef SH, Abdulla MA, Jayash SN. Hepatoprotective Effects of Biochanin A on Thioacetamide-Induced Liver Cirrhosis in Experimental Rats. Molecules 2023; 28:7608. [PMID: 38005330 PMCID: PMC10674479 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28227608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The protective effect of biochanin A (BCA) on the histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and biochemistry of thioacetamide (TAA)-induced liver cirrhosis in vivo was investigated. There was a significant reduction in liver weight and hepatocyte propagation, with much lower cell injury in rat groups treated with BCA (25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg) following a TAA induction. These groups had significantly lower levels of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). The liver homogenates showed increased antioxidant enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), as well as decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. The serum biomarkers associated with liver function, namely alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and gamma glutamyl transaminase (GGT), returned to normal levels, comparable to those observed in both the normal control group and the reference control group. Taken together, the normal microanatomy of hepatocytes, the inhibition of PCNA and α-SMA, improved antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, and GPx), and condensed MDA with repairs of liver biomarkers validated BCA's hepatoprotective effect.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zaenah Zuhair Alamri
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ameena S. M. Juma
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Science, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil 44001, Iraq; (A.S.M.J.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Sarah Ashour Hamood
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Al-Essra University College, Baghdad 10011, Iraq;
| | - Suhayla Hamad Shareef
- Department of Biology, College of Education, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil 44001, Iraq;
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Science, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil 44001, Iraq; (A.S.M.J.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Soher Nagi Jayash
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK
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Jabbar AAJ, Alamri ZZ, Abdulla MA, Salehen NA, Ibrahim IAA, Hassan RR, Almaimani G, Bamagous GA, Almaimani RA, Almasmoum HA, Ghaith MM, Farrash WF, Almutawif YA. Boric Acid (Boron) Attenuates AOM-Induced Colorectal Cancer in Rats by Augmentation of Apoptotic and Antioxidant Mechanisms. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023:10.1007/s12011-023-03864-0. [PMID: 37770673 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03864-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Boric acid (BA) is a naturally occurring weak Lewis acid containing boron, oxygen, and hydrogen elements that can be found in water, soil, and plants. Because of its numerous biological potentials including anti-proliferation actions, the present investigates the chemopreventive possessions of BA on azoxymethane (AOM)-induced colonic aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in rats. Thirty laboratory rats were divided into 5 groups: negative control (A) received two subcutaneous inoculations of normal saline and nourished on 10% Tween 20; groups B-E had two injections of 15 mg/kg azoxymethane followed by ingestion of 10% Tween 20 (B, cancer control), inoculation with intraperitoneal 35 mg/kg 5-fluorouracil injection (C, reference group), or ingested with boric acid 30 mg/kg (D) and 60 mg/kg (E). The gross morphology results showed significantly increased total colonic ACF in cancer controls, while BA treatment caused a significant reduction of ACF values. Histopathological evaluation of colons from cancer controls showed bizarrely elongated nuclei, stratified cells, and higher depletion of the submucosal glands than that of BA-treated groups. Boric acid treatment up-surged the pro-apoptotic (Bax) expression and reduced anti-apoptotic (Bcl-2) protein expressions. Moreover, BA ingestion caused upregulation of antioxidant enzymes (GPx, SOD, CAT), and lowered MDA contents in colon tissue homogenates. Boric acid-treated rats had significantly lower pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) and higher anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10) based on serum analysis. The colorectal cancer attenuation by BA is shown by the reduced ACF numbers, anticipated by its regulatory potentials on the apoptotic proteins, antioxidants, and inflammatory cytokines originating from AOM-induced oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A J Jabbar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Erbil Technical Health and Medical College, Erbil Polytechnic University, Erbil, 44001, Iraq.
| | - Zaenah Zuhair Alamri
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Science, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Nur Ain Salehen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ibrahim Abdel Aziz Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rawaz Rizgar Hassan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Science, Knowledge University, Kirkuk Road, Erbil, 44001, Iraq
| | - Ghassan Almaimani
- Department of surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, PO Box 7607, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghazi A Bamagous
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riyad A Almaimani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussain A Almasmoum
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al- Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mazen M Ghaith
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al- Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wesam F Farrash
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al- Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yahya A Almutawif
- Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madinah, 42353, Saudi Arabia
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Jabbar AA, Alamri ZZ, Abdulla MA, Salehen NA, Salim Amur Al Sinawi Z, Alfaifi SM. Hepatoprotective effects of Gynura procumbens against thioacetamide-induced cirrhosis in rats: Targeting inflammatory and oxidative stress signalling pathways. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19418. [PMID: 37662795 PMCID: PMC10472062 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Gynura procumbens is an edible flowering plant that has been utilized as traditional therapy for numerous diseases. The current experiment investigates the hepatoprotective potentials of the ethanol extract of Gynura procumbens leaf (EEGPL) against thioacetamide (TAA)-induced liver cirrhosis in rats. Thirty Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into 5 clusters: A, rats received orally 10% Tween 80 and intraperitoneal (i.p) inoculation of sterile distal water; B, rats received orally10% Tween 80; C, rats received orally daily 50 mg/kg of silymarin, while groups; D and E, rats received orally daily doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg of EEGPL, respectively. Furthermore, B-E clusters received 200 mg/kg thioacetamide (i.p) three times a week for 60 days. The liver gross morphology of rats that received only TAA (B) revealed irregular rough surface layers compared to smoother livers of rats that received EEGPL. Histopathology of group B revealed clear hepatic necrosis and fibrous connective tissue, which were significantly reduced in C-E groups. EEGPL treatment caused a significant down-regulation of PCNA and α-SMA protein expressions. Antioxidant (SOD and CAT) enzymes in hepatic homogeneity were meaningfully lower, and MDA levels were significantly higher in TAA controls compared to those of C-E groups. Moreover, EEGPL treatment caused a reduction of TNF-α and IL-6 and increased expression of IL-10 cytokines. Therefore, the hepatoprotective potentials of EEGPL might be contributed to its modulation of detoxification enzymes, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A.j. Jabbar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Erbil Technical Health and Medical College, Erbil Polytechnic University, Erbil 44001, Iraq
| | - Zaenah Zuhair Alamri
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Sciences, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Nur Ain Salehen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
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Mariod AA, Jabbar AA, Alamri ZZ, Salim Al Rashdi A, Abdulla MA. Gastroprotective effects of Polygonatum odoratum in rodents by regulation of apoptotic proteins and inflammatory cytokines. Saudi J Biol Sci 2023; 30:103678. [PMID: 37266408 PMCID: PMC10230262 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2023.103678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In an increasing interest in natural antiulcer compounds that may have gastric healing effects and possibly prevent ulcer recurrence, Polygonatum odoratum appears as a strong candidate. The gastroprotective potentials of P. odoratum rhizome extract (PORE) were explored on ethanol-induced gastric ulceration in rats. Sprague Dawley rats were caged in 5 groups, normal and ulcer control rats received CMC (1% carboxymethyl cellulose). Omeprazole (20 mg/kg) was given to reference Rats. Experimental rats were treated with 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg PORE, respectively. After an hour, the normal control rats received 1% CMC, whereas rat groups 2-5 were given absolute ethanol by oral gavage. After 60 min, rats received anesthesia and were sacrificed. Dissected gastric tissue was analyzed by histopathological and immunohistochemical techniques. PORE treatment significantly lowered the ethanol-induced gastric injury, as shown by up-surging gastric pH and mucus content, reduced leukocyte infiltration, lower ulcerative areas in mucosal layers, and increased antioxidants (SOD and CAT) and (MDA) levels. Furthermore, PORE pre-treated rats showed significantly increased expression of the Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS), HSP-70 protein, and decreased Bax protein in their gastric epithelial layers. PORE treatment showed an important regulation of inflammatory cytokines shown by decreasing the TNF-a, and IL-6 and increasing the IL-10 values. The detected biological activity of PORE is encouraging and presents the scientific evidence for its traditional use as a gastroprotection agent however further studies are required to determine the exact phytochemicals and mechanism pathway responsible for this bioactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdalbasit A. Mariod
- College of Science and Arts, Alkamil Branch, University of Jeddah, Alkamil 21931, Saudi Arabia
- Indigenous Knowledge and Heritage Centre, Ghibaish College of Science and Technology, 110 Ghibaish, Sudan
| | - Ahmed A.J. Jabbar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Erbil Technical Health and Medical College, Erbil Polytechnic University, Erbil 44001, Iraq
| | - Zaenah Zuhair Alamri
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Science, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil 44001, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
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Jabbar AAJ, Alamri ZZ, Abdulla MA, AlRashdi AS, Najmaldin SK, Zainel MA. Sinapic Acid Attenuate Liver Injury by Modulating Antioxidant Activity and Inflammatory Cytokines in Thioacetamide-Induced Liver Cirrhosis in Rats. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11051447. [PMID: 37239118 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Sinapic acid (SA) is a natural pharmacological active compound found in berries, nuts, and cereals. The current study aimed to investigate the protective effects of SA against thioacetamide (TAA) fibrosis in rats by histopathological and immunohistochemical assays. The albino rats (30) were randomly divided into five groups (G). G1 was injected with distilled water 3 times/week and fed orally daily with 10% Tween 20 for two months. G2-5 were injected with 200 mg/kg TAA three times weekly for two months and fed with 10% Tween 20, 50 mg/kg silymarin, 20, and 40 mg/kg of SA daily for 2 months, respectively. The results showed that rats treated with SA had fewer hepatocyte injuries with lower liver index (serum bilirubin, total protein, albumin, and liver enzymes (ALP, ALT, and AST) and were similar to that of control and silymarin-treated rats. Acute toxicity for 2 and 4 g/kg SA showed to be safe without any toxic signs in treated rats. Macroscopic examination showed that hepatotoxic liver had an irregular, rough surface with micro and macro nodules and histopathology expressed by Hematoxylin and Eosin, and Masson Trichrome revealed severe inflammation and infiltration of focal necrosis, fibrosis, lymphocytes, and proliferation bile duct. In contrast, rats fed with SA had significantly lower TAA toxicity in gross and histology and liver tissues as presented by less liver tissue disruption, lesser fibrosis, and minimum in filtered hepatocytes. Immunohistochemistry of rats receiving SA showed significant up-regulation of HSP 70% and down-regulation of alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) protein expression compared to positive control rats. The homogenized liver tissues showed a notable rise in the antioxidant enzymes (SOD and CAT) actions with significantly lower malondialdehyde (MDA) levels compared to that of the positive control group. Furthermore, the SA-treated rats had significantly lower TNF-a, IL-6, and higher IL-10 levels than the positive control rats. Thus, the findings suggest SA as a hepatoprotective compound due to its inhibitory effects on fibrosis, hepatotoxicity, liver cell proliferation, up-regulation of HSP 70, and downregulation of α-SMA expression, inhibiting lipid peroxidation (MDA), while retaining the liver index and antioxidant enzymes to normal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A J Jabbar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Erbil Technical Health and Medical College, Erbil Polytechnic University, Erbil 44001, Iraq
| | - Zaenah Zuhair Alamri
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 23218, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Sciences, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil 44001, Iraq
| | - Ahmed S AlRashdi
- Central Public Health Laboratories, Ministry of Health, P.O. Box 2294, Muscat 111, Oman
| | - Soran Kayfi Najmaldin
- Department of Medical Analysis, Faculty of Applied Science, Tishk International University, Erbil 44001, Iraq
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Jabbar AA, Ibrahim IAA, Abdullah FO, Aziz KF, Alzahrani AR, Abdulla MA. Chemopreventive Effects of Onosma mutabilis against Azoxymethane-Induced Colon Cancer in Rats via Amendment of Bax/Bcl-2 and NF-κB Signaling Pathways. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:885-902. [PMID: 36826002 PMCID: PMC9954954 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45020057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Onosma species (Boraginaceae) are well known as medicinal plants due to their wide range of pharmaceutical potential. The present study aims to investigate the anticancer (in vitro) and chemo-protective (in vivo) efficacies of Onosma mutabilis extract (OME) in the azoxymethane (AOM)-induced aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in rats. The in vitro antiproliferative effects of OME were determined on two human tumor cell lines (Caco-2 and HT-29) via MTT assay. The in vivo chemoprotective effects of OME were investigated by performing various biochemical analyses in serum and tissue homogenates of albino rats, along with determining oxidative stress biomarkers. Inflammatory biomarkers of colon, colonic gross morphology (by methylene blue), ACF formation, and colonic histopathology (H & E stain) were determined. The immunohistochemistry of colonic tissues was also assessed by Bax and Bcl-2 protein expression. The results showed that the antitumor activity of OME against Caco-2 and HT-29 colorectal cancer cells ranged between 22.28-36.55 µg/mL. OME supplementation caused a significant drop in the ACF values and improved the immunohistochemistry of the rats shown by up-regulation of Bax and down-regulation of Bcl-2 protein expressions. These outcomes reveal that O. mutabilis may have chemoprotective efficiency against AOM-induced colon cancer represented by the attenuation of ACF formation possibly through inhibition of free radicals, inflammation, and stimulation of the colon antioxidant armory (SOD, CAT, and GPx) and positive regulation of the Nrf2-Keap1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Aj. Jabbar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Erbil Technical Health and Medical College, Erbil Polytechnic University, Erbil 44001, Iraq
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +964-750-468-1242
| | - Ibrahim Abdel Aziz Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24382, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fuad O. Abdullah
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Salahaddin University, Erbil 44001, Iraq
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tishk International University, Erbil 44001, Iraq
| | - Kareem Fattah Aziz
- Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, Hawler Medical University, Erbil 44001, Iraq
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Tishk International University, Erbil 44001, Iraq
| | - Abdullah R. Alzahrani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24382, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Science, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil 44001, Iraq
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Osman Mahmud S, Hamad Shareef S, Jabbar AAJ, Hassan RR, Jalal HK, Abdulla MA. Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from Aqueous Extract of Tinospora crispa Stems Accelerate Wound Healing in Rats. INT J LOW EXTR WOUND 2022:15347346221133627. [PMID: 36325727 DOI: 10.1177/15347346221133627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT [Formula: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Shokhan Osman Mahmud
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Science, 357115Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, 125618Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Suhayla Hamad Shareef
- Department of Biology, College of Education, 275716Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Ahmed A J Jabbar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Erbil Technical Health and Medical College, 566876Erbil Polytechnic University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Rawaz Rizgar Hassan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Science, 594155Knowledge University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Hardy Khalid Jalal
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, 125618Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Science, 357115Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq
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Ibrahim IAA, Hussein AI, Muter MS, Mohammed AT, Al-Medhtiy MH, Shareef SH, Aziz PY, Agha NFS, Abdulla MA. Effect of nano silver on gastroprotective activity against ethanol-induced stomach ulcer in rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 154:113550. [PMID: 35994814 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) have unique properties and display an important role in bioactivities such as antimicrobial, antiviral, antifungal, and anticancer. Stable Ag NPs were prepared by reaction of silver nitrate solution with extract of Melissa and characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, AFM, SEM, XRD, and Zeta potential. The resulted Ag NPs have a size range between 20 and 35 nm. The current study aims to evaluate the gastroprotective effect of Ag NPs against ethanol-induced gastric ulcers in rats. Thirty rats were randomly divided into five groups. The experimental groups were fed 175 and 350 ppm/p.o of Ag NPs orally. Ag NPs improved the adversative influence of ethanol-induced stomach damage as confirmed by declining ulcer index and raised the percentage of ulcer prevention. Significantly reduced ethanol-induced gastric lesions were evidenced by increased mucus secretion and pH of stomach content, decreased ulcer area, nonappearance of edema, and leucocyte penetration of the subcutaneous layer. In gastric homogenate, Ag NPs displayed a substantial upsurge in superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) activities, and significantly reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) levels., Ag NPs increased the intensity of periodic acid Schiff stained (PAS) and produced over-regulation of HSP-70 and down-regulation of Bax proteins. Ag NPs confirmed gastro-protection which might be attributed to its antioxidant effect, increased mucus secretion, increased SOD, and CAT, reduced MDA level, over-regulation of HSP-70 protein, and down-regulation of Bax protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Abdel Aziz Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abbas I Hussein
- Department of Dentistry, College of Medicine, University of Anbar, Al Anbar, Iraq
| | - Mahmoud S Muter
- Department of Dentistry, College of Medicine, University of Anbar, Al Anbar, Iraq
| | - Abdulalah T Mohammed
- Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Al-Huda University College, Al Anbar, Iraq
| | - Morteta H Al-Medhtiy
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Kufa, Iraq
| | - Suhayla Hamad Shareef
- Department of Biology, College of Education, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
| | - Peshawa Yunis Aziz
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Technical College of Applied Science, Sulaimani Polytechnic University, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Nabaz Fisal Shakir Agha
- Department of Anesthesia, Medical Technical Institute, Erbil Polytechnic University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Science, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
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Hamad Shareef S, Abdel Aziz Ibrahim I, Alzahrani AR, Al-Medhtiy MH, Ameen Abdulla M. Hepatoprotective effects of methanolic extract of green tea against Thioacetamide-Induced liver injury in Sprague Dawley rats. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:564-573. [PMID: 35002452 PMCID: PMC8716963 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Since ancient times, herbal medicines have been applied in the treatment of cancer. Tea, derivative from the dried leaves of Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze plant is the most popular beverage globally after water and is available in various forms. Green tea has been expansively investigated for its beneficial properties of cancer prevention and therapy. The goal of the research: The current study was conducted to evaluate the hepaprotective character of methanolic green tea extract and its mechanism of action contrary to thioacetamide (TAA)-produced liver fibrosis of Sprague Dawley rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty rodents were equally placed in 5 clusters including normal control, TAA group as a positive control, silymarin as standard drug control, and treatment groups consisting of high dose and a low dose Camellia sinensis. Rats in experimental clusters by mouth fed with C. sinensis at 250 mg/kg or 500 mg/kg daily for 2 months. After 60 days, all rats were sacrificed. Blood specimens were gathered for liver biochemical examination. Livers of all groups were dissected out and subjected to histopathological examination through the Hematoxylin and Eosin stain, Masson trichrome, and immunohistochemistry stains (PCNA). Liver tissue homogenate was also analyzed for antioxidant activity parameters. RESULTS Gross morphological examination showed a regular liver architecture in C. sinensis fed collections compared to the TAA sets. Histology of rat's liver fed with C. sinensis showed an important decrease in the liver index with hepatic cells propagation, mild cellular injury, and immunostaining showed significant down-expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). TAA produced liver fibrosis through a significant increase in serum alanine transferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and bilirubin. Total protein and albumin also decreased in the TAA group. Moreover, the reduction of antioxidant enzyme activity including superoxide dismutase and catalase as well as the increase in malondialdehyde was detected in the TAA control group. Meanwhile, an abnormal level of liver biochemical parameters was restored closer to the normal levels in serum of the C. sinensis-fed clusters. In addition, C. sinensis fed assemblies showed elevated antioxidative enzymes activity with a reduction in malondialdehyde level comparable to the levels in silymarin-treated rats. CONCLUSIONS Green tea potentially inhibited the progression of liver cirrhosis, down -regulation of PCNA proliferation, prevented oxidation of hepatocytes, recovered SOD and CAT enzymes, condensed MDA and reduced cellular inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhayla Hamad Shareef
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Science, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
- Department of Biology, College of Education, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Ibrahim Abdel Aziz Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah R. Alzahrani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Morteta H. Al-Medhtiy
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Kufa, Iraq
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Science, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
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Bradosty SW, Hamad SW, Agha NFS, Shaikh FK, Qadir Nanakali NM, Aziz PY, Salehen N, Suzergoz F, Abdulla MA. In vivo hepatoprotective effect of Morinda elliptica stem extract against liver fibrosis induced by thioacetamide. Environ Toxicol 2021; 36:2404-2413. [PMID: 34436826 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Morinda elliptica L. (Rubiaceae) is a phytomedicinal herb, used to treat gastrointestinal complications in Peninsular Malaysia. The study evaluates the in vivo hepatoprotective activity of ethanolic extract of M. elliptica stem in thioacetamide (TAA) induced liver fibrosis in male Sprague Drawly rats. Thirty adult rats were divided into five groups of six rats each. Rats of the normal control group received intraperitoneal injections (i. p.) of vehicle 10% Tween-20, 5 ml/kg, and hepatotoxic group 200 mg/kg TAA three times per week respectively. Three supplementary groups were treated with TAA plus daily oral silymarin (50 mg/kg) or M. elliptica (250 or 500 mg/kg). After 8 weeks of treatment, all rats were sacrificed. Liver fibrosis was assessed by gross macroscopic and microscopic tissue analysis, histopathological, and biochemical analysis. The livers of the TAA treated group showed uniform coarse granules, hepatocytic necrosis with lymphocytes infiltration. Contrary, the livers of M. elliptica treated groups (250 and 500 mg/kg) were much smoother and the cell damage was much lesser. The livers of M. elliptica treated groups rats showed elevated activity of SOD and CAT with a significant decrease in MDA level at p < .0001. The level of liver damage parameters, that is, ALP, ALT, and AST, bilirubin, total protein, and albumin were restored to the normal comparable to silymarin. M. elliptica stem extract significantly promoted normal rat liver architecture with significant perfections in biochemical parameters. The molecular contents of M. elliptica with hepatoprotective influence could be discovered, is the future prospective of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarwan W Bradosty
- Department of Community Health, College of Health Technology, Cihan University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Saber W Hamad
- Department of Field Crops Production, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Nabaz Fisal Shakir Agha
- Department of Anesthesia, Erbil Medical Technical Institute, Erbil Polytechnic University, Iraq
| | - Faiyaz Khudaboddin Shaikh
- Department of Biochemistry, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
| | - Nadir Mustafa Qadir Nanakali
- Department of General Biology, College of Science, Cihan University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
- Department of Biology, College of Education, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Peshawa Yunis Aziz
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Technical college of Applied Science, Sulaimani Polytechnic University, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
| | - Nur'Ain Salehen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Faruk Suzergoz
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of General Biology, College of Science, Cihan University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
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Abood WN, Bradosty SW, Shaikh FK, Salehen N, Farghadani R, Agha NFS, Al-Medhtiy MH, Kamil TDA, Agha AS, Abdulla MA. Garcinia mangostana peel extracts exhibit hepatoprotective activity against thioacetamide-induced liver cirrhosis in rats. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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Aziz PY, Hadi JM, Sha AM, Aziz SB, Rahman HS, Ahmed HA, Abdulla MA, Amine Ali SM. The strategy for controlling COVID-19 in Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG)/Iraq: Identification, epidemiology, transmission, treatment, and recovery. Int J Surg Open 2020; 25:41-46. [PMID: 34568609 PMCID: PMC7834690 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijso.2020.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
This study has carried out a mini-review on first wave of COVID-19 infection and its control by the Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG)/Iraq. COVID-19 infection, which was named by the International Committee of Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) as SARS-CoV-2, is a newly identified coronavirus. The last century has seen the outbreak of numerous life-threatening human pathogens including Nipah, Ebola, Zika, Chikungunya, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), and more recently a novel coronavirus has been observed. COVID-19 infection has so far spread to more than 186 countries around the world and KRG/Iraq has not been free from this virus. In this survey, the control of COVID-19 infection in KRG as a part of Iraq is discussed in detail. The methods of identification as well as the drugs that are currently in common use to reduce the wide distribution of COVID-19 infection and their effects in countries around the world are considered. So far, 714 positive cases have been reported by the ministry of health in Kurdistan Region Government-Iraq (KRG), among which there have been only 8 deaths, and 420 cases have recovered. Those who died had a previous history of a chronic disease such as diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, and hypercholesteremia. Alternative medicine based on natural green methods has been widely used by Kurdish people in past years for treatment of strong coughs. In the present study, some natural products which are cost free and effective in enhancing the body's resistance against the virus are considered. A surprising finding is that the patients in KRG have not in general had a severe cough, flu, or fever. The possible explanation may relate to the patients' strong immune systems, since none of them had a history of using alcohol and drugs, or of chronic disease. The epidemiology and transmission of the virus are discussed as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peshawa Yunis Aziz
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Sulaimani Polytechnic University, Technical College of Applied Science, Kurdistan Regional Government, Iraq
| | - Jihad M Hadi
- Kurdistan Technical Institute, Kurdistan Regional Government, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
- College of Engineering, Tishk International University, Kurdistan Regional Government, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
| | - Aram M Sha
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Sulaimani, Kurdistan Regional Government, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
| | - Shujahadeen Bakr Aziz
- Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Sulaiman, Kurdistan Regional Governmenti, Qlyasan Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
- Komar Research Center (KRC), Komar University of Science and Technology, Kurdistan Regional Government, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
| | - Heshu Sulaiman Rahman
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Kurdistan Regional Government, Iraq
| | - Hiwa A Ahmed
- School of Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of General Biology, College of Science, Cihan University, Erbil, Kurdistan Regional Government, Iraq
| | - Shwan M Amine Ali
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicals and Applied Science, Charmoo University, Kurdistan Regional Government, Chamchamal, Sulaymaniyah, 46023, Iraq
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Bagheri E, Saremi K, Hajiaghaalipour F, Faraj FL, Ali HM, Abdulla MA, Khaing SL, Salehen NA. Synthesis of Novel Derivatives of Quinazoline Schiff base Compound Promotes Epithelial Wound Healing. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 24:1395-1404. [PMID: 29384057 DOI: 10.2174/1381612824666180130124308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Quinazoline is an aromatic bicyclic compound exhibiting several pharmaceutical and biological activities. This study was conducted to investigate the potential wound healing properties of Synthetic Quinazoline Compound (SQC) on experimental rats. The toxicity of SQC was determined by MTT cell proliferation assay. The healing effect of SQC was assessed by in vitro wound healing scratch assay on the skin fibroblast cells (BJ-5ta) and in vivo wound healing experiment of low and high dose of SQC on adult Sprague-Dawley rats compared with negative (gum acacia) and positive control (Intrasite-gel). Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E), Masson's Trichrome (MT) staining and immunohistochemistry analysis were performed to evaluate the histopathological alterations and proteins expression of Bax and Hsp70 on the wound tissue after 10 days. In addition, levels of antioxidant enzymes (catalase, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured in wound tissue homogenates. The SQC significantly enhanced BJ-5ta cell proliferation and accelerated the percentage of wound closure, with less scarring, increased fibroblast and collagen fibers and less inflammatory cells compared with the negative control. The compound also increases endogenous enzymes and decline lipid peroxidation in wound homogenate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Bagheri
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kamelia Saremi
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Fatemeh Hajiaghaalipour
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Fadhil Lafta Faraj
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hapipah Mohd Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Si Lay Khaing
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nur Ain Salehen
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Farghadani R, Seifaddinipour M, Rajarajeswaran J, Abdulla MA, Mohd Hashim NB, Khaing SL, Salehen NB. In vivo acute toxicity evaluation and in vitro molecular mechanism study of antiproliferative activity of a novel indole Schiff base β-diiminato manganese III complex in hormone-dependent and triple negative breast cancer cells. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7686. [PMID: 31608167 PMCID: PMC6786247 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer among women worldwide. Recently, increasing attention has been paid to the anticancer effects of transition metal complexes of indole Schiff bases. β-diiminato ManganeseIII complex has shown promising cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induction against MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. In this study, time- and dose- dependent inhibitory activity were evaluated using MTT assay after 48 h and 72 h exposure time. In addition, median effect analysis was conducted according to Chou-Talalay method to investigate whether MnIII complex has synergistic effect in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs on inhibiting breast cancer cell growth. The molecular mechanisms underlying its potent antiproliferative effect was determined through bioluminescent caspase-3/7, -8 and -9 activity assays and quantitative expression analysis of cell cycle- and apoptosis-related genes. Furthermore, safety evaluation of MnIII complex was assessed through the acute oral toxicity test in in vivo model. The MTT assay results revealed that it potently reduced the viability of MCF-7 (IC50 of 0.63 ± 0.07 µg/mL for 48 h and 0.39 ± 0.08 µg/mL for 72 h) and MDA-MB-231 (1.17 ± 0.06 µg/mL for 48 h, 1.03 ± 0.15 µg/mL for 72 h) cells in dose- and time-dependent manner. Combination treatment also enhanced the cytotoxic effects of doxorubicin but not tamoxifen on inhibiting breast cancer cell growth. The involvement of intrinsic and extrinsic pathway in apoptosis induction was exhibited through the increased activity of caspase-9 and caspase-8, respectively, leading to enhanced downstream executioner caspase-3/7 activity in treated MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. In addition, gene expression analysis revealed that MnIII complex exerts its antiproliferative effect via up-and down-regulation of p21 and cyclin D1, respectively, along with increased expression of Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, TNF-α, initiator caspase-8 and -10 and effector caspase-3 in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. However, the results did not show increased caspase-8 activity in treated MCF-7 cells. Furthermore, in vivo acute oral toxicity test revealed no signs of toxicity and mortality in treated animal models compared to the control group. Collectively, the promising inhibitory effect and molecular and mechanistic evidence of antiproliferative activity of MnIII complex and its safety characterization have demonstrated that it may have therapeutic value in breast cancer treatment worthy of further investigation and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reyhaneh Farghadani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Maryam Seifaddinipour
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jayakumar Rajarajeswaran
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Si Lay Khaing
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nur'ain Binti Salehen
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Salama SM, Ibrahim IAA, Shahzad N, Al-Ghamdi S, Ayoub N, AlRashdi AS, Abdulla MA, Salehen N, Bilgen M. Hepatoprotectivity of Panduratin A against liver damage: In vivo demonstration with a rat model of cirrhosis induced by thioacetamide. APMIS 2018; 126:710-721. [PMID: 30058214 DOI: 10.1111/apm.12878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This experiment evaluated Panduratin A (PA), a chalcone isolated from Boesenbergia rotunda rhizomes, for its hepatoprotectivity. Rats were subjected to liver damage induced by intra-peritoneal injection of thioacetamide (TAA). PA was tested first for its acute toxicity and then administered by oral gavage at doses 5, 10, and 50 mg/kg to rats. At the end of the 8th week, livers from all rats were excised and evaluated ex vivo. Measurements included alkaline phosphatase (AP), alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), serum platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and transforming growth factor (TGF-β1), and hepatic metalloproteinase enzyme (MMP-2) and its inhibitor extracellular matrix protein (TIMP-1). Oxidative stress was measured by liver malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitrotyrosine levels, urinary 8-hydroxy 2- deoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG), and hepatic antioxidant enzyme activities. The immunohistochemistry of TGF-β1 was additionally performed. PA revealed safe dose of 250 mg/kg on experimental rats and positive effect on the liver. The results suggested reduced hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activity as verified from the attenuation of serum PDGF and TGF-β1, hepatic MMP-2 and TIMP-1, and oxidative stress. The extensive data altogether conclude that PA treatment could protect the liver from the progression of cirrhosis through a possible mechanism inhibiting HSCs activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzy M Salama
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ibrahim Abdel Aziz Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naiyer Shahzad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed Al-Ghamdi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nahla Ayoub
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Salim AlRashdi
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nur'Ain Salehen
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mehmet Bilgen
- Biophysics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey
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Hajiaghaalipour F, Faraj FL, Bagheri E, Ali HM, Abdulla MA, Majid NA. Synthesis and Characterization of a New Benzoindole Derivative with Apoptotic Activity Against Colon Cancer Cells. Curr Pharm Des 2018; 23:6358-6365. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612823666170321093345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Hajiaghaalipour
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Fadhil L. Faraj
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Elham Bagheri
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hapipah M. Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nazia A. Majid
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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See JX, Chandramathi S, Abdulla MA, Vadivelu J, Shankar EM. Persistent infection due to a small-colony variant of Burkholderia pseudomallei leads to PD-1 upregulation on circulating immune cells and mononuclear infiltration in viscera of experimental BALB/c mice. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2017; 11:e0005702. [PMID: 28820897 PMCID: PMC5562302 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Melioidosis is a neglected tropical disease endemic across South East Asia and Northern Australia. The etiological agent, Burkholderia pseudomallei (B.pseudomallei), is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped, motile bacterium residing in the soil and muddy water across endemic regions of the tropical world. The bacterium is known to cause persistent infections by remaining latent within host cells for prolonged duration. Reactivation of the recrudescent disease often occurs in elders whose immunity wanes. Moreover, recurrence rates in melioidosis patients can be up to ~13% despite appropriate antibiotic therapy, suggestive of bacterial persistence and inefficacy of antibiotic regimens. The mechanisms behind bacterial persistence in the host remain unclear, and hence understanding host immunity during persistent B. pseudomallei infections may help designing potential immunotherapy. Methodology/Principal findings A persistent infection was generated using a small-colony variant (SCV) and a wild-type (WT) B. pseudomallei in BALB/c mice via intranasal administration. Infected mice that survived for >60 days were sacrificed. Lungs, livers, spleens, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells were harvested for experimental investigations. Histopathological changes of organs were observed in the infected mice, suggestive of successful establishment of persistent infections. Moreover, natural killer (NK) cell frequency was increased in SCV- and WT-infected mice. We observed programmed death-1 (PD-1) upregulation on B cells of SCV- and WT-infected mice. Interestingly, PD-1 upregulation was only observed on NK cells and monocytes of SCV-infected mice. In contrast, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) downregulation was seen on NK cells of WT-infected mice, and on monocytes of SCV- and WT-infected mice. Conclusions/Significance The SCV and the WT of B. pseudomallei distinctly upregulated PD-1 expression on B cells, NK cells, and monocytes to dampen host immunity, which likely facilitates bacterial persistence. PD-1/PD-L1 pathway appears to play an important role in the persistence of B. pseudomallei in the host. B. pseudomallei is a bacterium that causes melioidosis, a disease endemic in Southeastern Asia and Northern Australia. It is estimated that melioidosis leads to 89,000 deaths worldwide each year. Nevertheless, melioidosis continues to remain a neglected tropical disease that is not even on the list of neglected tropical diseases of the World Health Organization. Furthermore, the disease has a high mortality and recurrence rate, which can be up to 40% and 13%, respectively. It has also been well documented that B. pseudomallei causes latent/persistent infections for a prolonged period without showing apparent symptoms in the infected individual. The mechanisms that are responsible for bacterial persistence in the host remain unclear. Our results demonstrated that B. pseudomallei were able to upregulate PD-1 expression on B cells, NK cells, and/or monocytes during persistent diseases, which likely diminish optimal host immunity. The weakened host immunity in turns facilitates persistence of the bacterium. Interestingly, the SCV had a higher PD-1 expression on distinct immune cells compared to the WT, which might explain its frequent association with persistent infections. Immunotherapies by targeting PD-1/PD-L1 pathway could serve as a better treatment than the conventional antibiotic regimens, which cause a high rate of recurrence in melioidosis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Xiang See
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Lembah Pantai, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Samudi Chandramathi
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Lembah Pantai, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- * E-mail: (SC); (EMS); (JV)
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Lembah Pantai, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jamuna Vadivelu
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Lembah Pantai, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- * E-mail: (SC); (EMS); (JV)
| | - Esaki M. Shankar
- Center of Excellence for Research in AIDS (CERiA), University of Malaya, Lembah Pantai, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Division of Infection Biology, Department of Life Sciences, School of Basic & Applied Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Thiruvarur, India
- * E-mail: (SC); (EMS); (JV)
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Omer FAA, Hashim NM, Ibrahim MY, Aldoubi AF, Hassandarvish P, Dehghan F, Nordin N, Karimian H, Salim LZA, Abdulla MA, Al-Jashamy K, Mohan S. Beta-mangostin demonstrates apoptogenesis in murine leukaemia (WEHI-3) cells in vitro and in vivo. Altern Ther Health Med 2017; 17:366. [PMID: 28716025 PMCID: PMC5513316 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1867-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Beta-mangostin (BM) is a xanthone-type of natural compound isolated from Cratoxylum arborescens. This study aimed to examine the apoptosis mechanisms induced by BM in a murine monomyelocytic cell line (WEHI-3) in vitro and in vivo. Methods A WEHI-3 cell line was used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of BM by MTT. AO/PI and Hoechst 33342 dyes, Annexin V, multiparametric cytotoxicity 3 by high content screening (HCS); cell cycle tests were used to estimate the features of apoptosis and BM effects. Caspase 3 and 9 activities, ROS, western blot for Bcl2, and Bax were detected to study the mechanism of apoptosis. BALB/c mice injected with WEHI-3 cells were used to assess the apoptotic effect of BM in vivo. Results BM suppressed the growth of WEHI-3 cells at an IC50value of 14 ± 3 μg/mL in 24 h. The ROS production was increased inside the cells in the treated doses. Both caspases (9 and 3) were activated in treating WEHI-3 cells at 24, 48 and 72 h. Different signs of apoptosis were detected, such as cell membrane blebbing, DNA segmentation and changes in the asymmetry of the cell membrane. Another action by which BM could inhibit WEHI-3 cells is to restrain the cell cycle at the G1/G0 phase. In the in vivo study, BM reduced the destructive effects of leukaemia on the spleen and liver by inducing apoptosis in leukaemic cells. Conclusion BM exerts anti-leukaemic properties in vitro and in vivo.
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Hajrezaie M, Paydar M, Looi CY, Moghadamtousi SZ, Hassandarvish P, Salga MS, Karimian H, Shams K, Zahedifard M, Abdul Majid N, Mohd Ali H, Abdulla MA. Corrigendum: Apoptotic effect of novel Schiff Based CdCl 2(C 14H 21N 3O 2) complex is mediated via activation of the mitochondrial pathway in colon cancer cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:46793. [PMID: 28582385 PMCID: PMC5458801 DOI: 10.1038/srep46793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
This corrects the article DOI: 10.1038/srep09097.
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Al-Wajeeh NS, Halabi MF, Hajrezaie M, Dhiyaaldeen SM, Abdulaziz Bardi D, Salama SM, Rouhollahi E, Karimian H, Abdolmalaki R, Syahadah Azizan AH, Ali HM, Noor SM, Abdulla MA. Correction: The Gastroprotective Effect of Vitex pubescens Leaf Extract against Ethanol-Provoked Gastric Mucosal Damage in Sprague-Dawley Rats. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0179072. [PMID: 28562654 PMCID: PMC5451129 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Omar H, Nordin N, Hassandarvish P, Hajrezaie M, Azizan AHS, Fadaeinasab M, Abdul Majid N, Abdulla MA, Mohd Hashim N, Mohd Ali H. Methanol leaf extract of Actinodaphne sesquipedalis (Lauraceae) enhances gastric defense against ethanol-induced ulcer in rats. Drug Des Devel Ther 2017; 11:1353-1365. [PMID: 28496305 PMCID: PMC5422334 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s120564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Actinodaphne sesquipedalis Hook. F. Var. Glabra (Kochummen), also known as “Medang payung” by the Malay people, belongs to the Lauraceae family. In this study, methanol leaf extract of A. sesquipedalis was investigated for their acute toxicity and gastroprotective effects to reduce ulcers in rat stomachs induced by ethanol. The rats were assigned to one of five groups: normal group (group 1), ulcer group (group 2), control positive drug group (group 3) and two experimental groups treated with 150 mg/kg (group 4) and 300 mg/kg (group 5) of leaf extract. The rats were sacrificed an hour after pretreatment with extracts, and their stomach homogenates and tissues were collected for further evaluation. Macroscopic and histological analyses showed that gastric ulcers in rats pretreated with the extract were significantly reduced to an extent that it allowed leukocytes penetration of the gastric walls compared with the ulcer group. In addition, an ulcer inhibition rate of >70% was detected in rats treated with both doses of A. sesquipedalis extract, showing a notable protection of gastric layer. Severe destruction of gastric mucosa was prevented with a high production of mucus and pH gastric contents in both omeprazole-treated and extract-treated groups. Meanwhile, an increase in glycoprotein uptake was observed in pretreated rats through accumulation of magenta color in Periodic Acid Schiff staining assay. Analysis of gastric homogenate from pretreated rats showed a reduction of malondialdehyde and elevation of nitric oxide, glutathione, prostaglandin E2, superoxide dismutase and protein concentration levels in comparison with group 2. Suppression of apoptosis in gastric tissues by upregulation of Hsp70 protein and downregulation of Bax protein was also observed in rats pretreated with extract. Consistent results of a reduction of gastric ulcer and the protection of gastric wall were obtained for rats pretreated with A. sesquipedalis extract, which showed its prominent gastroprotective potential in rats’ stomach against ethanol-induced ulcer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanita Omar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science.,Centre for Foundation Studies in Science
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Nazia Abdul Majid
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Salga MS, Ali HM, Abdulla MA, Abdelwahab SI, ElhassanTaha MM, Yagoub U. Synthesis and gastroprotective activities of some zinc (II) complexes derived from (E)-2-(1-(2-(piperazin-1-yl)ethylimino)ethyl)phenol and (E)-4-(1-(2-(piperazin-1-yl)ethylimino)ethyl)benzene-1,3-diol Schiff bases against aspirin induced ulceration. ARAB J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2013.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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AL-Wajeeh NS, Hajrezaie M, Al-Henhena N, Kamran S, Bagheri E, Zahedifard M, Saremi K, Noor SM, Ali HM, Abdulla MA. The antiulcer effect of Cibotium barometz leaves in rats with experimentally induced acute gastric ulcer. Drug Des Devel Ther 2017; 11:995-1009. [PMID: 28408799 PMCID: PMC5384742 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s107018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cibotium barometz is a pharmaceutical plant customarily used in traditional medicine in Malaysia for the treatment of different diseases, such as gastric ulcer. The gastroprotective effect of C. barometz leaves against ethanol-induced gastric hemorrhagic abrasions in Sprague Dawley rats has been evaluated in terms of medicinal properties. Seven groups of rats (normal control and ulcerated control groups, omeprazole 20 mg/kg, 62.5, 125, 250, and 500 mg/kg of C. barometz correspondingly) were used in antiulcer experiment and pretreated with 10% Tween 20. After 1 hour, the normal group was orally administered 10% Tween 20, whereas absolute alcohol was fed orally to ulcerated control, omeprazole, and experimental groups. Gastric's homogenate were assessed for endogenous enzymes activities. Stomachs were examined macroscopically and histologically. Grossly, the data demonstrated a significant decrease in the ulcer area of rats pretreated with plant extract in a dose-dependent manner with respect to the ulcerated group. Homogenates of the gastric tissue exhibited significantly increased endogenous enzymes activities in rats pretreated with C. barometz extract associated with the ulcerated control group. Histology of rats pretreated with C. barometz extract group using hematoxylin and eosin staining exhibited a moderate-to-mild disruption of the surface epithelium with reduction in submucosal edema and leucocyte infiltration in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, it showed heat shock protein70 protein up-expression and BCL2-associated X protein downexpression. These outcomes might be attributed to the gastroprotective and antioxidative effects of the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sareh Kamran
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine
| | - Elham Bagheri
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine
| | | | | | | | - Hapipah Mohd Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Karimian H, Arya A, Fadaeinasab M, Razavi M, Hajrezaei M, Karim Khan A, Mohd Ali H, Abdulla MA, Noordin MI. Kelussia odoratissima Mozaff. activates intrinsic pathway of apoptosis in breast cancer cells associated with S phase cell cycle arrest via involvement of p21/p27 in vitro and in vivo. Drug Des Devel Ther 2017; 11:337-350. [PMID: 28203057 PMCID: PMC5293364 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s121518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to evaluate the anticancer potential of Kelussia odoratissima. Several in vitro and in vivo biological assays were applied to explore the direct effect of an extract and bioactive compound of this plant against breast cancer cells and its possible mechanism of action. Materials and methods K. odoratissima methanol extract (KME) was prepared, and MTT assay was used to evaluate the cytotoxicity. To identify the cytotoxic compound, a bioassay-guided investigation was performed on methanol extract. 8-Hydroxy-ar-turmerone was isolated as a bioactive compound. In vivo study was performed in the breast cancer rat model. LA7 cell line was used to induce the breast tumor. Histopathological and expression changes of PCNA, Bcl-2, Bax, p27 and p21 and caspase-3 were examined. The induction of apoptosis was tested using Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) assay. To confirm the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis, caspase-7 and caspase-9 assays were utilized. In addition, cell cycle arrest was evaluated. Results Our results demonstrated that K. odoratissima has an obvious effect on the arrest of proliferation of cancer cells. It induced apoptosis, transduced the cell death signals, decreased the threshold of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), upregulated Bax and downregulated Bcl-2. Conclusion This study demonstrated that K. odoratissima exhibits antitumor activity against breast cancer cells via cell death and cell cycle arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Karimian
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur
| | - Aditya Arya
- School of Medicine, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya
| | | | - Mahboubeh Razavi
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur
| | - Maryam Hajrezaei
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur
| | - Ataul Karim Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur
| | | | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur
| | - Mohamad Ibrahim Noordin
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur; Malaysian Institute of Pharmaceuticals and Nutraceuticals (IPharm), Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
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AL-Wajeeh NS, Hajerezaie M, Noor SM, Halabi MF, Al-Henhena N, Azizan AHS, Kamran S, Hassandarvish P, Shwter AN, karimian H, Ali HM, Abdulla MA. The gastro protective effects of Cibotium barometz hair on ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in Sprague-Dawley rats. BMC Vet Res 2017; 13:27. [PMID: 28103938 PMCID: PMC5244617 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-017-0949-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cibotium barometz is a medical herb used traditionally in the Malaysian peninsula for several ailments, including gastric ulcer. The aim of this study was assessment the anti-ulcer effects of C. barometz hair on ethanol-induced stomach hemorrhagic abrasions in animals. Seven groups of Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were administered 10% Tween 20 in the normal control and ulcer control groups, and omeprazole 20 mg/kg and 62.5, 125, 250, and 500 mg/kg of C. barometz hair extract in the experimental groups. After 60 min, the normal control group of rats was orally administered 10% Tween 20, while absolute ethanol was orally administered to the groups of ulcer control, omeprazole and experimental groups. Stomachs of the rats were examined macroscopically and histologically. Homogenates of stomachs were used to evaluate endogenous antioxidant enzyme activities. RESULTS Rats pre-fed with plant extract presented a significant decrease in the sore area, increased pH of gastric contents and preserved stomach wall mucus compared to the ulcer group. Histologically, rats pre-fed with C. barometz hair extract showed mild to moderate disruptions of the surface epithelium while animals pre-fed with absolute ethanol showed severe disruptions of the stomach epithelium with edema and leucocyte penetration of the submucosal layer. A Periodic acid Schiff (PAS) staining revealed that each rat pre-treated with the plant extract displayed an intense uptake of stomach epithelial glycoprotein magenta color compared to the ulcer control group. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that rats pre-fed with the plant extract showed an up-regulation of the heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and down-regulation of Bax proteins compared to ulcer control rats. Homogenates of the stomach tissue demonstrated significant increases in the endogenous antioxidant enzymatic activity and decreased lipid peroxidation (MDA) in rats pre-treated with C. barometz hair extract compared with the ulcer control rats. In acute toxicity, the liver and kidney revealed no hepatotoxic or nephrotoxic effects histologically. CONCLUSIONS The gastric cytoprotective action of C. barometz hair extract might be attributed to antioxidants, an increase in gastric pH, stomach mucus preservation, increased endogenous antioxidant enzymes, decreased lipid peroxidation, up-regulation of HSP70 and down-regulation of Bax proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahla Saeed AL-Wajeeh
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Maryam Hajerezaie
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Suzita Mohd Noor
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohammed Farouq Halabi
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nawal Al-Henhena
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Sareh Kamran
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pouya Hassandarvish
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Abdrabuh N. Shwter
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hamed karimian
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hapipah Mohd Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Hajiaghaalipour F, Bagheri E, Lafta Faraj F, Abdulla MA, Abdul Majid N. Underlying mechanism for the modulation of apoptosis induced by a new benzoindole derivative on HT-29 colon cancer cells. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra03875e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
DBID compound induced LDH leakage in HT-29 cells when compared to untreated cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elham Bagheri
- Department of Pharmacy
- Faculty of Medicine
- University of Malaya
- Kuala Lumpur
- Malaysia
| | - Fadhil Lafta Faraj
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- University of Malaya
- Kuala Lumpur
- Malaysia
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Biomedical Sciences
- Faculty of Medicine
- University of Malaya
- Kuala Lumpur
- Malaysia
| | - Nazia Abdul Majid
- Institute of Biological Sciences
- Faculty of Science
- University of Malaya
- Kuala Lumpur
- Malaysia
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Farghadani R, Rajarajeswaran J, Mohd Hashim NB, Abdulla MA, Muniandy S. A novel β-diiminato manganeseIII complex as the promising anticancer agent induces G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and triggers apoptosis via mitochondrial-dependent pathways in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra02478a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Novel β-diiminato manganeseIII complex has shown promising anti-breast cancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reyhaneh Farghadani
- Department of Molecular Medicine
- Faculty of Medicine
- University of Malaya
- Kuala Lumpur
- Malaysia
| | | | | | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Biomedical Science
- Faculty of Medicine
- University of Malaya
- Kuala Lumpur
- Malaysia
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Fani S, Kamalidehghan B, Lo KM, Nigjeh SE, Keong YS, Dehghan F, Soori R, Abdulla MA, Chow KM, Ali HM, Hajiaghaalipour F, Rouhollahi E, Hashim NM. Anticancer activity of a monobenzyltin complex C1 against MDA-MB-231 cells through induction of Apoptosis and inhibition of breast cancer stem cells. Sci Rep 2016; 6:38992. [PMID: 27976692 PMCID: PMC5157033 DOI: 10.1038/srep38992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we examined the cytotoxic effects of Schiff base complex, [N-(3,5-dichloro-2-oxidobenzylidene)-4-chlorobenzyhydrazidato](o-methylbenzyl)aquatin(IV) chloride, and C1 on MDA-MB-231 cells and derived breast cancer stem cells from MDA-MB-231 cells. The acute toxicity experiment with compound C1 revealed no cytotoxic effects on rats. Fluorescent microscopic studies using Acridine Orange/Propidium Iodide (AO/PI) staining and flow cytometric analysis using an Annexin V probe confirmed the occurrence of apoptosis in C1-treated MDA-MB-231 cells. Compound C1 triggered intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) releases in treated MDA-MB-231 cells. The Cellomics High Content Screening (HCS) analysis showed the induction of intrinsic pathways in treated MDA-MB-231 cells, and a luminescence assay revealed significant increases in caspase 9 and 3/7 activity. Furthermore, flow cytometric analysis showed that compound C1 induced G0/G1 arrest in treated MDA-MB-231 cells. Real time PCR and western blot analysis revealed the upregulation of the Bax protein and the downregulation of the Bcl-2 and HSP70 proteins. Additionally, this study revealed the suppressive effect of compound C1 against breast CSCs and its ability to inhibit the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways. Our results demonstrate the chemotherapeutic properties of compound C1 against breast cancer cells and derived breast cancer stem cells, suggesting that the anticancer capabilities of this compound should be clinically assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Fani
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Behnam Kamalidehghan
- Medical Genetics Department, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran-Karaj Highway, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kong Mun Lo
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Yeap Swee Keong
- Institute of Bioscience, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Firouzeh Dehghan
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, 14174 Tehran, Iran
- Department of exercise science, Sports Center, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Rahman Soori
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, 14174 Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kit May Chow
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hapipah Mohd Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Center for Natural Products and Drug Discovery (CENAR), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Fatemeh Hajiaghaalipour
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Elham Rouhollahi
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Najihah Mohd Hashim
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Center for Natural Products and Drug Discovery (CENAR), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Gwaram NS, Musalam L, Ali HM, Abdulla MA, Shaker SA. Synthesis, spectral characterization and biological activity of Zn(II) complex with 2′-[1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)ethylidene]benzenesulfanohydrazide. ARAB J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2012.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Saeed AL-Wajeeh N, Halabi MF, Hajrezaie M, M. Dhiyaaldeen S, Abdulaziz Bardi D, M. Salama S, Rouhollahi E, Karimian H, Abdolmalaki R, Azizan AHS, Mohd Ali H, Mohd Noor S, Abdulla MA. The Gastroprotective Effect of Vitex pubescens Leaf Extract against Ethanol-Provoked Gastric Mucosal Damage in Sprague-Dawley Rats. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0157431. [PMID: 27689880 PMCID: PMC5045201 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitex pubescens is a Malaysian therapeutic plant employed in traditional drug to remedy a variety of disorders. The purpose of this research is to assess the gastroprotective efficiency of V. pubescens leaves against ethanol-induced gastric hemorrhagic laceration in rats. Animals were randomly allocated into seven groups and pre-treated, separately, with 10% Tween 20 (normal and ulcer control groups), 20 mg/kg omeprazole (reference group), and 62.5, 125, 250, and 500 mg/kg of V. pubescens extract (experimental groups). All animals were sacrificed after another hour. Histological evaluation of the ulcer control group revealed significant injury to the gastric mucosa with edema and leucocyte infiltration of the submucosal layer. PAS staining, showed remarkably intense magenta color, remarkable increase of HSP70 and decrease of Bax proteins in rats pre-treated with plant extracts compared to the ulcer control group. Gastric homogenates revealed a remarkable increase in endogenous antioxidant enzyme activities (CAT, SOD, GSH) and a decrease in the lipid peroxidation level (MDA) in animals pre-treated with V. pubescens extract compared with the ulcer control group. The gastroprotective activity of this plant might be related to increased antioxidant enzymes and decrease lipid peroxidation upsurge of HSP70 and reduced expression of Bax proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahla Saeed AL-Wajeeh
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohammed Farouq Halabi
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Maryam Hajrezaie
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Summaya M. Dhiyaaldeen
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Daleya Abdulaziz Bardi
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Suzy M. Salama
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Elham Rouhollahi
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hamed Karimian
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rojin Abdolmalaki
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Hapipah Mohd Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Suzita Mohd Noor
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Nazarbahjat N, Ariffin A, Abdullah Z, Abdulla MA, Shia JKS, Leong KH. Synthesis, characterization, drug-likeness properties and determination of the in vitro antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of new 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives. Med Chem Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-016-1660-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Zahedifard M, Faraj FL, Paydar M, Looi CY, Hasandarvish P, Hajrezaie M, Kamalidehghan B, Majid NA, Khalifa SAM, Ali HM, Abdulla MA, El-Seedi HR. Synthesis of Apoptotic New Quinazolinone-Based Compound and Identification of its Underlying Mitochondrial Signalling Pathway in Breast Cancer Cells. Curr Pharm Des 2016; 21:3417-26. [PMID: 25808938 DOI: 10.2174/1381612821666150326104952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The anti-carcinogenic effect of the new quinazolinone compound, named MMD, was tested on MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line. The synthesis of quinazolinone-based compounds attracted strong attention over the past few decades as an alternative mean to produce analogues of natural products. Quinazolinone compounds sharing the main principal core structures are currently introduced in the clinical trials and pharmaceutical markets as anti-cancer agents. Thus, it is of high clinical interest to identify a new drug that could be used to control the growth and expansion of cancer cells. Quinazolinone is a metabolite derivative resulting from the conjugation of 2-aminobenzoyhydrazide and 5-methoxy-2- hydroxybenzaldehyde based on condensation reactions. In the present study, we analysed the influence of MMD on breast cancer adenoma cell morphology, cell cycle arrest, DNA fragmentation, cytochrome c release and caspases activity. MCF-7 is a type of cell line representing the breast cancer adenoma cells that can be expanded and differentiated in culture. Using different in vitro strategies and specific antibodies, we demonstrate a novel role for MMD in the inhibition of cell proliferation and initiation of the programmed cell death. MMD was found to increase cytochrome c release from the mitochondria to the cytosol and this effect was enhanced over time with effective IC50 value of 5.85 ± 0.71 μg/mL detected in a 72-hours treatment. Additionally, MMD induced cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase and caused DNA fragmentation with obvious activation of caspase-9 and caspases-3/7. Our results demonstrate a novel role of MMD as an anti-proliferative agent and imply the involvement of mitochondrial intrinsic pathway in the observed apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hesham R El-Seedi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Department of Experimental Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden; Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Box 574, SE-75 123, Uppsala, Sweden.
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Ibrahim MY, Hashim NM, Mariod AA, Mohan S, Abdulla MA, Abdelwahab SI, Arbab IA. α-Mangostin from Garcinia mangostana Linn: An updated review of its pharmacological properties. ARAB J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2014.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Ibrahim IAA, Abdulla MA, Hajrezaie M, Bader A, Shahzad N, Al-Ghamdi SS, Gushash AS, Hasanpourghadi M. The gastroprotective effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Monolluma quadrangula against ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injuries in Sprague Dawley rats. Drug Des Devel Ther 2015; 10:93-105. [PMID: 26766904 PMCID: PMC4699547 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s91247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Monolluma quadrangula (Forssk.) Plowes is used in Saudi traditional medicines to treat gastric ulcers. The hydroalcoholic extract of M. quadrangula (MHAE) was used in an in vivo model to investigate its gastroprotective effects against ethanol-induced acute gastric lesions in rats. Five groups of Sprague Dawley rats were used. The first group was treated with 10% Tween 20 as a control. The other four groups included rats treated with absolute ethanol (5 mL/kg) to induce an ulcer, rats treated with 20 mg/kg omeprazole as a reference drug, and rats treated with 150 or 300 mg/kg MHAE. One hour later, the rats were administered absolute ethanol (5 mL/kg) orally. Animals fed with MHAE exhibited a significantly increased pH, gastric wall mucus, and flattening of the gastric mucosa, as well as a decreased area of gastric mucosal damage. Histology confirmed the results; extensive destruction of the gastric mucosa was observed in the ulcer control group, and the lesions penetrated deep into the gastric mucosa with leukocyte infiltration of the submucosal layer and edema. However, gastric protection was observed in the rats pre-fed with plant extracts. Periodic acid-Schiff staining of the gastric wall revealed a remarkably intensive uptake of magenta color in the experimental rats pretreated with MHAE compared to the ulcer control group. Immunohistochemistry staining revealed an upregulation of the Hsp70 protein and a downregulation of the Bax protein in rats pretreated with MHAE compared with the control rats. Gastric homogenate showed significantly increased catalase and superoxide dismutase, and the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) was reduced in the rats pretreated with MHAE compared to the control group. In conclusion, MHAE exhibited a gastroprotective effect against ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury in rats. The mechanism of this gastroprotection included an increase in pH and gastric wall mucus, an increase in endogenous enzymes, and a decrease in the level of MDA. Furthermore, protection was given through the upregulation of Hsp70 and the downregulation of Bax proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Abdel Aziz Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Maryam Hajrezaie
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ammar Bader
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah
| | - Naiyer Shahzad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed S Al-Ghamdi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad S Gushash
- College of Arts and Science in Baljurashi, Albaha University, Baljurashi, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohadeseh Hasanpourghadi
- Cell Biology and Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Al-Henhena N, Khalifa SAM, Ying RPY, Ismail S, Hamadi R, Shawter AN, Idris AM, Azizan A, Al-Wajeeh NS, Abdulla MA, El-Seedi HR. Evaluation of chemopreventive potential of Strobilanthes crispus against colon cancer formation in vitro and in vivo. Altern Ther Health Med 2015; 15:419. [PMID: 26608653 PMCID: PMC4658747 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-015-0926-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Background With cancer being one of the major causes of death around the world, studies are ongoing to find new chemotherapeutic leads. There are common mechanisms for colorectal cancer (CRC) formation. Several are connected with oxidative stress-induced cell apoptosis and others are related to imbalanced homeostasis or intake of drugs/toxins. Plants that have been used for decades in folk and traditional medicine have been accepted as one of the commonest sources of discovered natural agents of cancer chemotherapy and chemoprevention. The aim was to study the antioxidant and chemopreventive effects of Strobilanthes crispus on colorectal cancer formation. Methods Five groups of rats were injected subcutaneously with AOM, 15 mg/kg body weight, each once weekly for 2 weeks. The cancer group was continued on 10 % Tween-20 feeding for 8 weeks. The standard drug group was continued on 35 mg/kg 5-fluorouracil intraperitoneal injection twice a week for 8 weeks, and the experimental groups were continued on 250 and 500 mg/kg S. crispus extract oral feeding for 8 weeks, respectively. The normal group was injected subcutaneously with normal saline once a week for 2 weeks, followed by oral administration of 10 % Tween-20 for 8 weeks. All the rats were sacrificed after 10 weeks. The colons were evaluated grossly and histopathologically for aberrant crypt foci (ACF). Gene expression was performed for Bax, Bcl2, Defa24, Slc24a3, and APC genes by real-time PCR. S. crispus and its fractions were evaluated for their chemopreventive effects against human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line HT29 and cytotoxicity for normal human colon epithelial cell line CCD 841, and the active fraction was assessed for its components. Results We observed significant decrease in total colonic ACF formation, malonaldehyde (MDA) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), increase in superoxide dismutase (SOD), up-regulation of APC, Bax and Slc24a3, and down-regulation of Defa24 and Bcl-2 in rats treated with Strobilanthes crispus. Conclusion Our results support the in vivo protection of S. crispus against CRC formation (azoxymethane-induced aberrant crypt foci) and suggest that the mechanism is highly specific to protect from oxidative insults and the following apoptotic cascade. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12906-015-0926-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Mhd Omar NA, Abdullah S, Abdullah N, Kuppusamy UR, Abdulla MA, Sabaratnam V. Lentinus squarrosulus (Mont.) mycelium enhanced antioxidant status in rat model. Drug Des Devel Ther 2015; 9:5957-64. [PMID: 26604694 PMCID: PMC4642808 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s90746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Aim Lentinus squarrosulus is an edible wild mushroom commonly found in Asia. This species has several interesting features such as rapid mycelial growth, and hence has the potential to be used as food, functional food, and nutraceuticals. Our previous study shows that L. squarrosulus contains potent antioxidant compounds in vitro. This study aims to investigate the in vivo bioavailability of L. squarrosulus mycelium extract and its antioxidant effect on biomarkers of antioxidant defense and oxidative stress. Methods Water extract of mycelial biomass of L. squarrosulus was analyzed for in vivo antioxidant effects, including cupric-reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), xanthine oxidase (XO), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs), and lipid hydroperoxides (LHPs) at 0 and 28 days. GPx and XO were also analyzed in liver homogenates. Normal Sprague Dawley rats were treated with 250 and 500 mg/kg of extract for 28 days. Results The serum CUPRAC level increased after treatment with both concentrations, indicating that there was sufficient bioavailability of the extract which contributed to the total antioxidant capacity. GPx activity in both serum and liver was increased and this correlated with LHP level after treatment with 250 mg/kg of extract, but XO activity was significantly decreased after treatment with 500 mg/kg of the extract. Lack of difference between AOPP levels implied that there were no significant changes in oxidative damage of protein after treatment. Conclusion This study clearly showed that L. squarrosulus mycelium antioxidant extract contains absorbable antioxidants that enter the circulating plasma and cause a significant acute increase in plasma antioxidant capacity. Thus, the water extract of L. squarrosulus mycelium, which can be obtained abundantly by liquid fermentation, may serve as an antioxidant ingredient in functional foods and nutraceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nor Adila Mhd Omar
- Mushroom Research Centre, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia ; Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Gambang, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Sumaiyah Abdullah
- Mushroom Research Centre, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia ; Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Noorlidah Abdullah
- Mushroom Research Centre, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Umah Rani Kuppusamy
- Mushroom Research Centre, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia ; Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Mushroom Research Centre, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia ; Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Vikineswary Sabaratnam
- Mushroom Research Centre, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Rouhollahi E, Moghadamtousi SZ, Hajiaghaalipour F, Zahedifard M, Tayeby F, Awang K, Abdulla MA, Mohamed Z. Curcuma purpurascens BI. rhizome accelerates rat excisional wound healing: involvement of Hsp70/Bax proteins, antioxidant defense, and angiogenesis activity. Drug Des Devel Ther 2015; 9:5805-13. [PMID: 26604683 PMCID: PMC4629958 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s88196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Curcuma purpurascens BI. is a member of Zingiberaceae family. The purpose of this study is to investigate the wound healing properties of hexane extract of C. purpurascens rhizome (HECP) against excisional wound healing in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty four rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: A) negative control (blank placebo, acacia gum), B) low dose of HECP, C) high dose of HECP, and D) positive control, with 6 rats in each group. Full-thickness incisions (approximately 2.00 cm) were made on the neck area of each rat. Groups 1-4 were treated two-times a day for 20 days with blank placebo, HECP (100 mg/kg), HECP (200 mg/kg), and intrasite gel as a positive control, respectively. After 20 days, hematoxylin and eosin and Masson's trichrome stainings were employed to investigate the histopathological alterations. Protein expressions of Bax and Hsp70 were examined in the wound tissues using immunohistochemistry analysis. In addition, levels of enzymatic antioxidants and malondialdehyde representing lipid peroxidation were measured in wound tissue homogenates. RESULTS Macroscopic evaluation of wounds showed conspicuous elevation in wound contraction after topical administration of HECP at both doses. Moreover, histopathological analysis revealed noteworthy reduction in the scar width correlated with the enhanced collagen content and fibroblast cells, accompanied by a reduction of inflammatory cells in the granulation tissues. At the molecular level, HECP facilitates wound-healing process by downregulating Bax and upregulating Hsp70 protein at the wound site. The formation of new blood vessel was observed in Masson's trichrome staining of wounds treated with HECP (100 and 200 mg/kg). In addition, HECP administration caused a significant surge in enzymatic antioxidant activities and a decline in lipid peroxidation. CONCLUSION These findings suggested that HECP accelerated wound-healing process in rats via antioxidant activity, angiogenesis effect and anti-inflammatory responses involving Hsp70/Bax.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Rouhollahi
- Pharmacogenomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Fatemeh Hajiaghaalipour
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Maryam Zahedifard
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Faezeh Tayeby
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Khalijah Awang
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Zahurin Mohamed
- Pharmacogenomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Al-Henhena N, Khalifa SAM, Ying RPY, Hassandarvish P, Rouhollahi E, Al-Wajeeh NS, Ali HM, Abdulla MA, El-Seedi HR. Chemopreventive effects of Strobilanthes crispus leaf extract on azoxymethane-induced aberrant crypt foci in rat colon. Sci Rep 2015; 5:13312. [PMID: 26307342 PMCID: PMC4642519 DOI: 10.1038/srep13312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, microscopic and histological studies suggest that Strobilanthes crispus ethanol extract reduce azoxymethane (AOM)-induced colonic aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in rats. S. crispus is considered a traditional medicine and used as an antioxidant. Its leaf contains a large amount of phenolic compounds to which its radical scavenging role is attributed and enhance its ability to eradicate oxidative stress reactions. The study was designed to determine the chemopreventive effect of S. crispus ethanol extract in vivo and in vitro by elucidating the effect of the extract on intermediate biomarkers which can be used as effective predictors of colon cancer. S. crispus was analyzed for DPPH free radical scavenging, nitric oxide (NO) and ferric acid reduction. The results indicated that S. crispus oral administration significantly inhibited colorectal carcinogenesis induced by AOM as revealed by the reduction in the number of ACF. S. crispus down-regulated the expression of PCNA, Bcl2 and β-catenin. Additionally, it exerted a pronounced inhibitory effect on MDA and NO levels and stimulatory effect on CAT and GPx activities. These results demonstrate that S. crispus is a chemopreventive agent for colorectal cancer through the suppression of early and intermediate carcinogenic phases that may be related to its flavonoid content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nawal Al-Henhena
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - Shaden A. M. Khalifa
- Department of Experimental Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rozaida Poh Yuen Ying
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - Pouya Hassandarvish
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - Elham Rouhollahi
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - Nahla Saeed Al-Wajeeh
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - Habibah Mohd Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - Hesham R. El-Seedi
- Department of Experimental Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Box 574, SE-75 123, Uppsala, Sweden
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Rouhollahi E, Moghadamtousi SZ, Al-Henhena N, Kunasegaran T, Hasanpourghadi M, Looi CY, Abd Malek SN, Awang K, Abdulla MA, Mohamed Z. The chemopreventive potential of Curcuma purpurascens rhizome in reducing azoxymethane-induced aberrant crypt foci in rats. Drug Des Devel Ther 2015; 9:3911-22. [PMID: 26251570 PMCID: PMC4524378 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s84560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Curcuma purpurascens BI. rhizome, a member of the Zingiberaceae family, is a popular spice in Indonesia that is traditionally used in assorted remedies. Dichloromethane extract of C. purpurascens BI. rhizome (DECPR) has previously been shown to have an apoptosis-inducing effect on colon cancer cells. In the present study, we examined the potential of DECPR to prevent colon cancer development in rats treated with azoxymethane (AOM) (15 mg/kg) by determining the percentage inhibition in incidence of aberrant crypt foci (ACF). Starting from the day immediately after AOM treatment, three groups of rats were orally administered once a day for 2 months either 10% Tween 20 (5 mL/kg, cancer control), DECPR (250 mg/kg, low dose), or DECPR (500 mg/kg, high dose). Meanwhile, the control group was intraperitoneally injected with 5-fluorouracil (35 mg/kg) for 5 consecutive days. After euthanizing the rats, the number of ACF was enumerated in colon tissues. Bax, Bcl-2, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) protein expressions were examined using immunohistochemical and Western blot analyses. Antioxidant enzymatic activity was measured in colon tissue homogenates and associated with malondialdehyde level. The percentage inhibition of ACF was 56.04% and 68.68% in the low- and high-dose DECPR-treated groups, respectively. The ACF inhibition in the treatment control group was 74.17%. Results revealed that DECPR exposure at both doses significantly decreased AOM-induced ACF formation, which was accompanied by reduced expression of PCNA. Upregulation of Bax and downregulation of Bcl-2 suggested the involvement of apoptosis in the chemopreventive effect of DECPR. In addition, the oxidative stress resulting from AOM treatment was significantly attenuated after administration of DECPR, which was shown by the elevated antioxidant enzymatic activity and reduced malondialdehyde level. Taken together, the present data clearly indicate that DECPR significantly inhibits ACF formation in AOM-treated rats and may offer protection against colon cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Rouhollahi
- Pharmacogenomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Nawal Al-Henhena
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Thubasni Kunasegaran
- Pharmacogenomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohadeseh Hasanpourghadi
- Cell Biology and Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chung Yeng Looi
- Cell Biology and Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sri Nurestri Abd Malek
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Khalijah Awang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Zahurin Mohamed
- Pharmacogenomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Hajrezaie M, Shams K, Moghadamtousi SZ, Karimian H, Hassandarvish P, Emtyazjoo M, Zahedifard M, Majid NA, Mohd Ali H, Abdulla MA. Chemoprevention of Colonic Aberrant Crypt Foci by Novel Schiff Based Dichlorido(4-Methoxy-2-{[2-(Piperazin-4-Ium-1-Yl)Ethyl]Iminomethyl}Phenolate)Cd Complex in Azoxymethane-Induced Colorectal Cancer in Rats. Sci Rep 2015. [PMID: 26201720 PMCID: PMC4511874 DOI: 10.1038/srep12379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Schiff-based complexes as a source of cancer chemotherapeutic compounds have been subjected to the variety of anticancer studies. The in-vitro analysis confirmed the CdCl2(C14H21N3O2) complex possess cytotoxicity and apoptosis induction properties in colon cancer cells, so lead to investigate the inhibitory efficiency of the compound on colonic aberrant crypt foci (ACF). Five groups of adult male rats were used in this study: Vehicle, cancer control, positive control groups and the groups treated with 25 and 50 mg/kg of complex for 10 weeks. The rats in vehicle group were injected subcutaneously with 15 mg/kg of sterile normal saline once a week for 2 weeks and orally administered with 5% Tween-20 (5 ml/kg) for 10 weeks, other groups were injected subcutaneously with 15 mg/kg azoxymethane once a week for 2 weeks. The rats in positive groups were injected intra-peritoneally with 35 mg/kg 5-Flourouracil four times in a month. Administration of the complex suppressed total colonic ACF formation up to 73.4% (P < 0.05). The results also showed that treatment with the complex significantly reduced the level of malondialdehyde while increasing superoxide dismutase and catalase activities. Furthermore, the down-regulation of PCNA and Bcl2 and the up-regulation of Bax was confirmed by immunohistochemical staining.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Hajrezaie
- 1] Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia [2] Institute of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Keivan Shams
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Hamed Karimian
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pouya Hassandarvish
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mozhgan Emtyazjoo
- Department of Biology, Islamic Azad University North Tehran Branch, 1841914497 Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Zahedifard
- 1] Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia [2] Institute of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nazia Abdul Majid
- Institute of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hapipah Mohd Ali
- Department of Chemistry, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Zahedifard M, Faraj FL, Paydar M, Yeng Looi C, Hajrezaei M, Hasanpourghadi M, Kamalidehghan B, Abdul Majid N, Mohd Ali H, Ameen Abdulla M. Synthesis, characterization and apoptotic activity of quinazolinone Schiff base derivatives toward MCF-7 cells via intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis pathways. Sci Rep 2015; 5:11544. [PMID: 26108872 PMCID: PMC4479988 DOI: 10.1038/srep11544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study investigated the cytotoxic effect of 3-(5-chloro-2-hydroxybenzylideneamino)-2-(5-chloro-2-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydroquinazolin-41(H)-one (A) and 3-(5-nitro-2-hydroxybenzylideneamino)-2-(5-nitro-2-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one (B) on MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, MCF-10A and WRL-68 cells. The mechanism involved in apoptosis was assessed to evaluate the possible pathways induced by compound A and B. MTT assay results using A and B showed significant inhibition of MCF-7 cell viability, with IC50 values of 3. 27 ± 0.171 and 4.36 ± 0.219 μg/mL, respectively, after a 72 hour treatment period. Compound A and B did not demonstrate significant cytotoxic effects towards MDA-MB-231, WRL-68 and MCF-10A cells. Acute toxicity tests also revealed an absence of toxic effects on mice. Fluorescent microscopic studies confirmed distinct morphological changes (membrane blebbing and chromosome condensation) corresponding to typical apoptotic features in treated MCF-7 cells. Using Cellomics High Content Screening (HCS), we found that compound A and B could trigger the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria to the cytosol. The release of cytochrome c activated the expression of caspases-9 and then stimulated downstream executioner caspase-3/7. In addition, caspase-8 showed remarkable activity, followed by inhibition of NF-κB activation in A-and B-treated MCF-7 cells. The results indicated that A and B could induce apoptosis via a mechanism that involves either extrinsic or intrinsic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Zahedifard
- Institute of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Fadhil Lafta Faraj
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohammadjavad Paydar
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chung Yeng Looi
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Maryam Hajrezaei
- Institute of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Behnam Kamalidehghan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nazia Abdul Majid
- Institute of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hapipah Mohd Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Moghadamtousi SZ, Rouhollahi E, Hajrezaie M, Karimian H, Abdulla MA, Kadir HA. Annona muricata leaves accelerate wound healing in rats via involvement of Hsp70 and antioxidant defence. Int J Surg 2015; 18:110-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2015.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Revised: 12/21/2014] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Karimian H, Fadaeinasab M, Zorofchian Moghadamtousi S, Hajrezaei M, Razavi M, Safi SZ, Ameen Abdulla M, Mohd Ali H, Ibrahim Noordin M. Chemopreventive Activity of Ferulago angulate against Breast Tumor in Rats and the Apoptotic Effect of Polycerasoidin in MCF7 Cells: A Bioassay-Guided Approach. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0127434. [PMID: 25996383 PMCID: PMC4440818 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferulago angulata leaf hexane extract (FALHE) was found to be a potent inducer of MCF7 cell apoptosis. The aims of the present study were to investigate the in vivo chemopreventive effect of FALHE in rats, to identify the contributing anticancer compound in FALHE and to determine its potential mechanism of action against MCF7 cells. Thirty rats harboring LA7-induced breast tumors were divided into five groups: tumor control, low-dose FALHE, high-dose FALHE, treatment control (tamoxifen) and normal control. Breast tissues were then subjected to histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses. A bioassay-guided investigation on FALHE was performed to identify the cytotoxic compound and its mechanism of action through flow cytometry, real-time qPCR and western blotting analyses. An in vivo study showed that FALHE suppressed the expression of the tumor markers PCNA and Ki67. The tumor size was reduced from 2031 ± 281 mm3 to 432 ± 201 mm3 after FALHE treatment. FALHE administration induced apoptosis in breast tumor cells, and this was confirmed by high expression levels of Bax, p53 and caspase 3. Cell cycle arrest was suggested by the expression of p21 and p27. The in vitro experimental results resulted in the isolation of polycerasoidin as a bioactive ingredient of FALHE with an IC50 value of 3.16 ± 0.31 μg/ml against MCF7 cells. Polycerasoidin induced mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis in breast cancer cells via caspase activation and changes in the mRNA and protein expression of Bax and Bcl-2. In addition, flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that the treated MCF7 cells were arrested at the G1 phase, and this was associated with the up-regulation of p21 and p27 at both the mRNA and protein levels. The results of the present study reinforce further investigations scrutinizing the promising potential of the F. angulata chemical constituents as breast cancer chemopreventive agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Karimian
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- * E-mail: (HK); (MI)
| | - Mehran Fadaeinasab
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Maryam Hajrezaei
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, university of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mahboubeh Razavi
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sher Zaman Safi
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, university of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hapipah Mohd Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohamad Ibrahim Noordin
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- * E-mail: (HK); (MI)
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Abood WN, Al-Henhena NA, Najim Abood A, Al-Obaidi MMJ, Ismail S, Abdulla MA, Al Batran R. Wound-healing potential of the fruit extract of Phaleria macrocarpa. Bosn J Basic Med Sci 2015; 15:25-30. [PMID: 26042509 DOI: 10.17305/bjbms.2015.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Revised: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The wound-healing potential of Phaleria macrocarpa was evaluated by monitoring the levels of inflammatory mediators, collagen, and antioxidant enzymes. Experimentally, two-centimeter-wide full-thickness-deep skin excision wounds were created on the posterior neck area of the rats. The wounds were topically treated with gum acacia as a vehicle in the control group, intrasite gel in the reference group, and 100 and 200 mg/mL P. macrocarpa fruit extract in the treatment group. Granulation tissues were excised on the 15th day and were further processed for histological and biochemical analyzes. Wound healing was evaluated by measuring the contractions and protein contents of the wounds. Cellular redistribution and collagen deposition were assessed morphologically using Masson's trichrome stain. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities, along with malondialdehyde (MDA) level were determined in skin tissue homogenates of the dermal wounds. Serum levels of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) were evaluated in all the animals. A significant decrease in wound area was caused by a significant increase in TGF-β1 level in the treated groups. Decrease in TNF-α level and increase in the collagen formation were also observed in the treated groups. Topical treatment with P. macrocarpa fruit extract increased the SOD and CAT activities in the healing wounds, thereby significantly increasing MDA level. The topical treatment with P. macrocarpa fruit extract showed significant healing effect on excision wounds and demonstrated an important role in the inflammation process by increasing antioxidant enzyme activities, thereby accelerating the wound healing process and reducing tissue injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa Najm Abood
- 1-Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya,Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. 2-Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Diyala, Iraq. .
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