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Araujo JM, De la Cruz-Ku G, Cornejo M, Doimi F, Dyer R, Gomez HL, Pinto JA. Prognostic Capability of TNBC 3-Gene Score among Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Subtypes. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14174286. [PMID: 36077821 PMCID: PMC9454544 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14174286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a complex and molecularly heterogeneous entity, with the poorest outcome compared with other breast cancer subtypes. Previously, we developed a TNBC 3-gene score with a significant prognostic capability. This study aims to test the 3-gene score in the different TNBC subtypes. Methods: Data from 204 TNBC patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy were retrieved from public datasets and pooled (GSE25066, GSE58812, and GSE16446). After removing batch effects, cases were classified into Lehman’s TNBC subtypes and then the TNBC 3-gene score was used to evaluate the risk of distant recurrence in each subgroup. In addition, the association with tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TILs) levels was evaluated in a retrospective group of 72 TNBC cases. Results: The TNBC 3-gene score was able to discriminate patients with different risks within the pooled cohort (HR = 2.41 for high vs. low risk; 95%CI: 1.50−3.86). The score showed predictive capability in the immunomodulatory subtype (HR = 4.16; 95%CI: 1.63−10.60) and in the mesenchymal stem-like subtype (HR = 18.76; 95%CI: 1.68−208.97). In the basal-like 1, basal-like-2, and mesenchymal subtypes, the observed differential risk patterns showed no statistical significance. The score had poor predictive capability in the luminal androgen receptor subtype (p = 0.765). In addition, a low TNBC 3-gene score was related to a high level of TIL infiltration (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The TNBC 3-gene score is able to predict the risk of distant recurrence in TNBC patients, specifically in the immunomodulatory and mesenchymal stem-like subtype. Despite a small sample size in each subgroup, an improved prognostic capability was seen in TNBC subtypes with tumor-infiltrating components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhajaira M. Araujo
- Centro de Investigación Básica y Traslacional, AUNA Ideas, Lima 15036, Peru
- Escuela Profesional de Medicina Humana, Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista, Lima 15067, Peru
| | - Gabriel De la Cruz-Ku
- Department of Surgery, University of Massachusetts, Worcester, MA 01604, USA
- Universidad Cientifica del Sur, Lima 15067, Peru
| | - Melanie Cornejo
- Centro de Investigación Básica y Traslacional, AUNA Ideas, Lima 15036, Peru
| | - Franco Doimi
- Departamento de Patología, Oncosalud-AUNA, Lima 15036, Peru
| | - Richard Dyer
- Departamento de Patología, Oncosalud-AUNA, Lima 15036, Peru
| | - Henry L. Gomez
- Departamento de Medicina Oncológica, Oncosalud-AUNA, Lima 15036, Peru
| | - Joseph A. Pinto
- Centro de Investigación Básica y Traslacional, AUNA Ideas, Lima 15036, Peru
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +51-1-5137900 (ext. 2231)
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Zanabria D, Galvez-Nino M, Cho CE, Fajardo W, Saravia L, Araujo J, Alfaro A, Quispe L, Cornejo M, Medina P, Carbajal J, Montenegro P, Zevallos A, Aguilar A, Pinto JA. Abstract 3673: Socioeconomic disparities and the genomic landscape of gastric cancer. Cancer Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-3673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Gastric cancer is a malignancy of diverse etiology and exposition to risk factors may vary in distinct socioeconomic (SE) groups. Our aim was to compare the landscape of genomic alterations in malignant gastric tumors between different socioeconomic groups in Peru.
Methods: We conducted a preliminary prospective study in one private clinic and two public hospitals in Lima and Ica (Peru). We evaluated 20 patients with gastric carcinomas, 10 of which were classified as low SE status (LSE) and 10 as medium/high SE status (MHSE), according to the Peruvian Association of Market Intelligence Companies (APEIM) classification system. We conducted a comprehensive genomic profiling of gastric tumors with the FoundationOne CDx platform. We compared rates of alterations in single nucleotide variants, copy number variations, tumor mutation burden, microsatellite instability, and pathways altered.
Results: In our cohort, the mean age at diagnosis was 67.5 yo vs 61 yo, while 40% vs 55.6% were male patients, for LSE vs MHSE, respectively. We found alterations in driver genes in 19 patients (10 LSE and 9 MHSE). Histological analysis of the tumor samples revealed a higher proportion of intestinal histology in the LSE group (80%) compared to MHSE (55.6%). On the other hand, the diffuse subtype pattern was more prevalent in the MHSE group (33%) compared to LSE (20%). One case of mixed histology was observed in the high SE group. Both LSE and HMSE showed a similar distribution of Bormann Classification/type, where most of the samples were of class III/IV (75%) followed by class I/II (25%). Furthermore, genomic profiling analysis showed 45 driver alterations in LSE, while only 25 alterations were detected in MHSE. the most frequently altered genes were TP53 and KRAS in both SE groups, but with a higher incidence in LSE (60% and 20%, respectively). Components of the MAPK pathway were altered in 50% vs 33.3%, while the DNA repair pathway was altered in 20% vs 11%, in LSE vs MHSE, respectively. The PI3K/Akt pathway was altered in only one case of LSE. Median of tumor mutation burden was 6.1Mut/Mb in LSE vs 5.3Mut/Mb MHSE. Only one case with microsatellite instability was found in LSE.
Conclusions: Despite the limitations of this preliminary study, we observed some differences in the genomic background between patients from different socioeconomic groups. Therefore, the need of a thorough diagnosis approach that leads to the use of a comprehensive treatment that includes targeted therapy and immunotherapy could be different based on the SE status of the patient. Further research on this topic will be necessary.
Citation Format: Daniel Zanabria, Marco Galvez-Nino, Cristina Eunbee Cho, Williams Fajardo, Luis Saravia, Jhajaira Araujo, Alejandro Alfaro, Lidia Quispe, Melanie Cornejo, Paula Medina, Junior Carbajal, Paola Montenegro, Alejandra Zevallos, Alfredo Aguilar, Joseph A. Pinto. Socioeconomic disparities and the genomic landscape of gastric cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 3673.
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Araujo JM, Rosas G, Belmar-López C, Raez LE, Rolfo CD, Schwarz LJ, Infante-Huaytalla U, Paez KJ, García LR, Alvarado H, Ramos FP, Delgado-Espinoza SS, Cardenas-Farfan JB, Cornejo M, Zanabria D, Colonio-Cossio C, Rojas-Jefferson M, Pinto JA. Influence of Sex in the Molecular Characteristics and Outcomes of Malignant Tumors. Front Oncol 2021; 11:752918. [PMID: 34737960 PMCID: PMC8562721 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.752918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sex is frequently underestimated as a prognostic biomarker in cancer. In this study, we evaluated a large cohort of patients and public datasets to determine the influence of sex on clinical outcomes, mutational status, and activation of immune pathways in different types of cancer. Methods A cohort of 13,619 Oncosalud-affiliated patients bearing sex-unrelated cancers was followed over a 20-year period. Hazard ratios (HRs) for death were estimated for female vs. male patients for each cancer type and then pooled in a meta-analysis to obtain an overall HR. In addition, the mutational status of the main actionable genes in melanoma (MEL), colorectal cancer (CRC), and lung cancer was compared between sexes. Finally, a gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) of publicly available data was conducted, to assess differences in immune processes between sexes in MEL, gastric adenocarcinoma (GC), head and neck cancer (HNC), colon cancer (CC), liver cancer (LC), pancreatic cancer (PC), thyroid cancer (TC), and clear renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC). Results Overall, women had a decreased risk of death (HR = 0.73, CI95: 8%-42%), with improved overall survival (OS) in HNC, leukemia, lung cancer, lymphoma, MEL, multiple myeloma (MM), and non-melanoma skin cancer. Regarding the analysis of actionable mutations, only differences in EGFR alterations were observed (27.7% for men vs. 34.4% for women, p = 0.035). The number of differentially activated immune processes was higher in women with HNC, LC, CC, GC, MEL, PC, and TC and included cellular processes, responses to different stimuli, immune system development, immune response activation, multiorganism processes, and localization of immune cells. Only in CCRCC was a higher activation of immune pathways observed in men. Conclusions The study shows an improved survival rate, increased activation of immune system pathways, and an enrichment of EGFR alterations in female patients of our cohort. Enhancement of the immune response in female cancer patients is a phenomenon that should be further explored to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhajaira M Araujo
- Centro de Investigación Básica y Traslacional, AUNA Ideas, Lima, Peru.,Escuela Profesional de Medicina Humana, Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista, Lima, Peru
| | - Gina Rosas
- Departamento de Patología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas, Lima, Peru
| | - Carolina Belmar-López
- Escuela Profesional de Medicina Humana, Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista, Lima, Peru.,Departamento de Genómica, Oncogenomics, Lima, Peru
| | - Luis E Raez
- Memorial Cancer Institute/Memorial Health Care System, Florida International University (FIU), Pembroke Pines, FL, United States
| | - Christian D Rolfo
- Center for Thoracic Oncology/Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Luis J Schwarz
- Escuela Profesional de Medicina Humana-Filial Ica, Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista, Ica, Peru
| | | | - Kevin J Paez
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga de Ica, Ica, Peru
| | - Luis R García
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga de Ica, Ica, Peru
| | - Hober Alvarado
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga de Ica, Ica, Peru
| | - Fany P Ramos
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga de Ica, Ica, Peru
| | | | - Jhon B Cardenas-Farfan
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga de Ica, Ica, Peru
| | - Melanie Cornejo
- Centro de Investigación Básica y Traslacional, AUNA Ideas, Lima, Peru
| | | | | | | | - Joseph A Pinto
- Centro de Investigación Básica y Traslacional, AUNA Ideas, Lima, Peru
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Gerona-Navarro G, Zhang G, Barragan F, Elie B, Wilson K, Herskovits A, Rodriguez Y, Cornejo M. An allosteric modulator of PRC2 methyltransferase activity inhibits renal cancer cell proliferation. Eur J Cancer 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(20)31127-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Ludeña EV, Iza P, Cornejo M, Zambrano D. Non-Born–Oppenheimer electron, nuclear and nuclear–electron second-order density matrices for exactly solvable four-particle model system. Theor Chem Acc 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-016-1840-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Sanhueza C, Araos J, Naranjo L, Sáez T, Silva L, Salsoso R, Pardo F, Leiva A, Cuello MA, Cornejo M, Ramírez MA, Sobrevia L. NHE1 PROMOTE CELL PROLIFERATION IN OVARIAN CANCER: A ROLE OF HYPOXIA-INDUCIBLE FACTORS.: IGCS-0038 06. Ovarian Cancer. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/00009577-201505001-00043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Andrade DC, Henriquez-Olguín C, Beltrán AR, Ramírez MA, Labarca C, Cornejo M, Álvarez C, Ramírez-Campillo R. Effects of general, specific and combined warm-up on explosive muscular performance. Biol Sport 2015; 32:123-8. [PMID: 26060335 PMCID: PMC4447757 DOI: 10.5604/20831862.1140426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2013] [Revised: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the acute effects of general, specific and combined warm-up (WU) on explosive performance. Healthy male (n = 10) subjects participated in six WU protocols in a crossover randomized study design. Protocols were: passive rest (PR; 15 min of passive rest), running (Run; 5 min of running at 70% of maximum heart rate), stretching (STR; 5 min of static stretching exercise), jumping [Jump; 5 min of jumping exercises – 3x8 countermovement jumps (CMJ) and 3x8 drop jumps from 60 cm (DJ60)], and combined (COM; protocols Run+STR+Jump combined). Immediately before and after each WU, subjects were assessed for explosive concentric-only (i.e. squat jump – SJ), slow stretch-shortening cycle (i.e. CMJ), fast stretch-shortening cycle (i.e. DJ60) and contact time (CT) muscle performance. PR significantly reduced SJ performance (p =0.007). Run increased SJ (p =0.0001) and CMJ (p =0.002). STR increased CMJ (p =0.048). Specific WU (i.e. Jump) increased SJ (p =0.001), CMJ (p =0.028) and DJ60 (p =0.006) performance. COM increased CMJ performance (p =0.006). Jump was superior in SJ performance vs. PR (p =0.001). Jump reduced (p =0.03) CT in DJ60. In conclusion, general, specific and combined WU increase slow stretch-shortening cycle (SSC) muscle performance, but only specific WU increases fast SSC muscle performance. Therefore, to increase fast SSC performance, specific fast SSC muscle actions must be included during the WU.
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Affiliation(s)
- D C Andrade
- Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, MEDS Clinic. Santiago, Chile
| | | | - A R Beltrán
- Cellular Physiology Laboratory, Biomedical Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile ; Education Department, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - M A Ramírez
- Cellular Physiology Laboratory, Biomedical Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - C Labarca
- Cellular Physiology Laboratory, Biomedical Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - M Cornejo
- Cellular Physiology Laboratory, Biomedical Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - C Álvarez
- Family Health Center of Los Lagos, Health Promotion Program, Los Lagos, Chile
| | - R Ramírez-Campillo
- Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno, Chile ; Department of Physical Education, Sport and Recreation, Universidad de la Frontera, Temuco, Chile
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Dardalhon V, Anderson AC, Karman J, Apetoh L, Chandwaskar R, Lee DH, Cornejo M, Nishi N, Yamauchi A, Quintana FJ, Sobel RA, Hirashima M, Kuchroo VK. Tim-3/galectin-9 pathway: regulation of Th1 immunity through promotion of CD11b+Ly-6G+ myeloid cells. J Immunol 2010; 185:1383-92. [PMID: 20574007 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0903275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
IFN-gamma plays a central role in antitumor immunity. T cell Ig and mucin domain (Tim-3) is expressed on IFN-gamma-producing Th1 cells; on interaction with its ligand, galectin-9, Th1 immunity is terminated. In this study, we show that transgenic overexpression of Tim-3 on T cells results in an increase in CD11b(+)Ly-6G(+) cells and inhibition of immune responses. Molecular characterization of CD11b(+)Ly-6G(+) cells reveals a phenotype consistent with granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Accordingly, we find that modulation of the Tim-3/galectin-9 (Gal-9) pathway impacts on tumor growth. Similarly, overexpression of Tim-3 ligand, Gal-9, results in an increase in CD11b(+)Ly-6G(+) cells and inhibition of immune responses. Loss of Tim-3 restores normal levels of CD11b(+)Ly-6G(+) cells and normal immune responses in Gal-9 transgenic mice. Our data uncover a novel mechanism by which the Tim-3/Gal-9 pathway regulates immune responses and identifies this pathway as a therapeutic target in diseases where myeloid-derived suppressor cells are disadvantageous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Dardalhon
- Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Moellering RE, Cornejo M, Davis TN, Bianco CD, Aster JC, Blacklow SC, Kung AL, Gilliland DG, Verdine GL, Bradner JE. Erratum: Direct inhibition of the NOTCH transcription factor complex. Nature 2010. [DOI: 10.1038/nature08660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Ziberi B, Cornejo M, Frost F, Rauschenbach B. Highly ordered nanopatterns on Ge and Si surfaces by ion beam sputtering. J Phys Condens Matter 2009; 21:224003. [PMID: 21715742 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/21/22/224003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The bombardment of surfaces with low-energy ion beams leads to material erosion and can be accompanied by changes in the topography. Under certain conditions this surface erosion can result in well-ordered nanostructures. Here an overview of the pattern formation on Si and Ge surfaces under low-energy ion beam erosion at room temperature will be given. In particular, the formation of ripple and dot patterns, and the influence of different process parameters on their formation, ordering, shape and type will be discussed. Furthermore, the internal ion beam parameters inherent to broad beam ion sources are considered as an additional degree of freedom for controlling the pattern formation process. In this context: (i) formation of ripples at near-normal ion incidence, (ii) formation of dots at oblique ion incidence without sample rotation, (iii) transition between patterns, (iv) formation of ripples with different orientations and (v) long range ordered dot patterns will be presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Ziberi
- Leibniz-Institut für Oberflächenmodifizierung e. V. (IOM), Permoserstraße 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany
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Dardalhon V, Anderson A, Karman J, Chandwaskar R, Lee D, Cornejo M, Nishi N, Yamauchi A, Sobel R, Hirashima M, Kuchroo V. OR.26. Tim-3:Galectin-9 Pathway Expands Myeloid Suppressor Cells. Clin Immunol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2008.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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BaŞol BM, Uzoh CE, Talieh H, Wang T, Guo G, Erdemli S, Cornejo M, Bogart J, Basol EC. PLANAR COPPER PLATING AND ELECTROPOLISHING TECHNIQUES. CHEM ENG COMMUN 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00986440500267410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Gómez-Fernández P, Moreno VG, Cornejo M, Vargas JC, García-Barroso C, Velasco G, Almaraz M. [Hormonal profile and participation of nitric oxide in salt-sensitive and salt-resistant essential arterial hypertension]. Nefrologia 2000; 20:415-23. [PMID: 11100662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that cardiovascular events and end-organ damage occur more frequently in patients with salt-sensitive essential hypertension (SH) than in salt-resistant essential hypertension (RH). Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in regulating the pressure-natriuresis relationship. Therefore impaired NO synthesis may produce or aggravate salt-sensitive hypertension. This study was conducted to determine the hormonal levels and nitric oxide metabolites in hypertensive patients. 25 patients underwent salt sensitivity testing. 24 h ambulatory blood pressure was recorded after a 5-day period on low salt diet (20 mEq/d) and after a 5-day period on a high salt diet (200 mEq/d). Subjects showing > or = 10 mmHg increase in mean BP when changing from low to high dietary salt intake were classified as salt sensitive and as salt resistant when the BP changes were < 10 mmHg. Based on BP recordings 13 patients were characterised as white coat hypertension (WC), 13 patients as salt resistant (SR) and 12 as salt sensitive (SS). A significative relationship was seen between plasma glucose-insulin concentration and body mass index. The ventricular mass index was similar in SS and SR patients. The plasma uric acid, triglicerides and PAI-I were elevated in SS compared with SR, and control group (C). During low sodium intake, plasma renin and aldosterone were decreased in SS compared with SR, and C. No differences in plasma catecholamines or their changes with intake sodium modifications were seen among the patients. During high sodium intake urinary NO excretion increased in SR (38 +/- 9 vs 18 +/- 2 mg/g creat), and C (24 +/- 2 vs 16 +/- 3 mg/g creat) (p < 0.01) but not in SS patients (21 +/- 3 vs 26 +/- 4 mg/g creat). The NO excretion changes showed negative correlation with BP changes (r = 0.49, p < 0.01). During low sodium intake, SR and SS patients showed a normal nocturnal decrease of BP (dippers). During high sodium intake SS patients became non-dippers. Our results showed that patients with salt sensitive hypertension displayed a suppressed renin-aldosterone system, an attenuated nocturnal decline in blood pressure on high-salt diet and an impairment of endothelial function. The relationship between urinary nitrate excretion and arterial pressure suggest that the salt sensitivity of arterial pressure may be related bo blunted generation of endogenous nitric oxide.
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Iyer S, Kontoyiannis D, Chevrier D, Woo J, Mori N, Cornejo M, Kollias G, Buelow R. Inhibition of tumor necrosis factor mRNA translation by a rationally designed immunomodulatory peptide. J Biol Chem 2000; 275:17051-7. [PMID: 10748117 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m909219199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on sequences of immunomodulatory peptides derived from the heavy chain of HLA Class I, novel immunomodulatory peptides with increased potency were developed by computer-aided rational design. Allotrap 1258 was characterized in detail and shown to inhibit cell-mediated immune responses in vitro and in vivo. Immunomodulatory activity was associated with the capability of the peptides to modulate heme oxygenase (HO) activity. In this study we analyzed the effect of Allotrap 1258 on cytokine expression. Allotrap 1258 inhibited concanavalin A- and lipopolysaccharide-induced human and mouse tumor necrosis factor (TNF) production in vitro and in vivo but had no effect on interleukin (IL)-1, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, or IL-10 expression. Experiments with HO-1/KO and iNOS/KO mice showed that Allotrap 1258-mediated inhibition of TNF was independent of HO-1 and iNOS. Quantitation of TNF protein expression and mRNA steady state levels demonstrated that Allotrap 1258-mediated inhibition occurred at the translational level. Deletion of the AU-rich element in the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) of TNF mRNA, a region known to be involved in TNF mRNA translation, had minimal effect on Allotrap 1258-mediated inhibition. However, replacement of the TNF 3'-UTR with the human globin 3'-UTR rendered the peptide inactive. This demonstrates that besides AU-rich elements, other sequences in the 3'-UTR of TNF mRNA are involved in translational control of TNF expression. Such sequences are necessary for Allotrap 1258-mediated inhibition of TNF production.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Iyer
- SangStat, The Transplant Company, Fremont, California 94555 and the Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens 11521, Greece.
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Abstract
Ca2+-activated K+ channels were studied in cultured medullary thick ascending limb cells (MTAL) using the patch-clamp technique. The purpose was to determine the effect of acidic pH on channel properties in excised patches of apical cell membrane. At pH 7.4, increasing Ca2+ on the intracellular side or applying positive voltages increases channel open probability. Reducing pH to 5.8 on the intracellular face of the channel decreases channel open probability at each voltage and Ca2+ concentration. Channel mean open times display two distributions and mean closed times display three distributions. Increasing Ca2+ or applying depolarizing voltages lengthens each of the mean open times and shortens each of the closed times. Lowering pH to 5.8 decreases the mean open times and increases mean closed times at each Ca2+ and voltage with the greatest effect on the mean closed times. In contrast, both single-channel conductance and channel kinetics are unaffected when pH is reduced to 5.8 on the extracellular face of the membrane. We conclude that protons interfere with Ca2+ binding to the gate of Ca2+-activated K+ channels reducing the probability of channel opening.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cornejo
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
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Cornejo M, Guggino SE, Sastre A, Guggino WB. Isomeric yohimbine alkaloids block calcium-activated K+ channels in medullary thick ascending limb cells of rabbit kidney. J Membr Biol 1989; 107:25-33. [PMID: 2921768 DOI: 10.1007/bf01871080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The alpha2-adrenergic antagonist yohimbine (YOH) and the closely related isomers corynanthine (COR) and rauwolscine (RAU) caused brief interruptions in current characteristic of a fast blocker Ca2+-activated K+ channels in cultured medullary thick ascending limb (MTAL) cells. The apparent dissociation constants (Kapp) for COR, YOH, and RAU, respectively, at the intracellular face of the channel in the presence of 200 mM K+ are 45 +/- 1, 98 +/- 2, and 310 +/- 33 microM. The Kapp for COR on the extracellular side also in the presence of 200 mM K+ was much greater at 1.6 +/- 0.17 mM. Increasing K+ on the same side as the blocker relieves the blocking reaction. The Kapp for the alkaloids varies with K+ in a manner quantitatively consistent with K+ and the alkaloids competing for a common binding site. Finally, blocking by the charged form of these alkaloids is voltage dependent with changes in Kapp of 86 +/- 7 and 94 +/- 6 microM per e-fold change in voltage for blockers applied either from the inside or outside. The alkaloids block at an electrical distance similar to tetraethylammonium, suggesting that the site within the channel pore of these molecules may be similar.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cornejo
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
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17
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de Sousa F, Cornejo M, de Chial M, Arauz M. [Effect of the pollution of the waters of the Pacific on Mithrax spinosissimus (king crab, centolla, etc.), (Decapoda: Majidae)]. Rev Med Panama 1988; 13:183-91. [PMID: 3238072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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18
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Cornejo M, Guggino SE, Guggino WB. Modification of Ca2+-activated K+ channels in cultured medullary thick ascending limb cells by N-bromoacetamide. J Membr Biol 1987; 99:147-55. [PMID: 2448473 DOI: 10.1007/bf01871234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Ca2+-activated K+ channels were studied in cultured medullary thick ascending limb (MTAL) cells using the patch-clamp technique in the inside-out configuration. The Ca2+ activation site was modified using N-bromoacetamide (NBA). 1 mM NBA in the bath solution, at 2.5 microM Ca2+ reduces the open probability, Po, of the channel to less than 0.01, without an effect on single-channel conductance. NBA-modified channels are still Ca2+-sensitive, requiring 25 mM Ca2+ to raise Po to 0.2. Both before and after NBA modification channel openings display at least two distributions, indicative of more than one open state. High Ca2+ (1 mM) protects the channels from modification. Also presented is a second class of Ca2+-activated K+ channels which are normally present in MTAL cells which open infrequently at 10 microM Ca2+ (Po = 0.01) but have a Po of 0.08 at 1 mM Ca2+. We can conclude (i) that NBA modifies the channel by shifting Ca2+-sensitivity to very high Ca2+, (ii) that NBA acts on a site involved in Ca2+ gating, and (iii) that a low affinity channel is present in the apical cell membrane with characteristics similar to those of normal channels modified with NBA.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cornejo
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
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Suárez Fernández M, Rodríguez-French A, Cornejo M, de Iglesias MT. [Staining with acridine orange in the detection of microorganisms]. Rev Med Panama 1987; 12:56-9. [PMID: 3296023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Cornejo M, Goya J, Olsen I. [T lymphocytes subpopulations determined by monoclonal antibodies in a pediatric population: variable dependent on age]. Rev Chil Pediatr 1987; 58:39-43. [PMID: 2894710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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21
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Cornejo M, Marchetti R, Vidal Alvarez W, Araya Silva E. [Heterosexual transmission of HTLVIII virus]. Rev Med Chil 1986; 114:687-8. [PMID: 3602709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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