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Islam MZ, Räisänen SE, Schudel A, Wang K, He T, Kunz C, Li Y, Ma X, Serviento AM, Zeng Z, Wahl F, Zenobi R, Giannoukos S, Niu M. Exhalomics as a noninvasive method for assessing rumen fermentation in dairy cows: Can exhaled-breath metabolomics replace rumen sampling? J Dairy Sci 2024; 107:2099-2110. [PMID: 37949405 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-24124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Previously, we used secondary electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (SESI-MS) to investigate the diurnal patterns and signal intensities of exhaled (EX) volatile fatty acids (VFA) of dairy cows. The current study aimed to validate the potential of an exhalomics approach for evaluating rumen fermentation. The experiment was conducted in a switchback design, with 3 periods of 9 d each, including 7 d for adaptation and 2 d for sampling. Four rumen-cannulated original Swiss Brown (Braunvieh) cows were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 diet sequences (ABA or BAB): (A) low starch (LS; 6.31% starch on a dry matter basis) and (B) high starch (HS; 16.2% starch on a dry matter basis). Feeding was once per day at 0830 h. Exhalome (with the GreenFeed System), and rumen samples were collected 8 times to represent every 3 h of a day, and EX-VFA and ruminal (RM)-VFA were analyzed using SESI-MS and HPLC, respectively. Furthermore, the VFA concentration in the gas phase (HR-VFA) was predicted based on RM-VFA and Henry's Law (HR) constants. No interactions were identified between the types of diets (HS vs. LS) and the measurement methods on daily average VFA profiles (RM vs. EX or HR vs. EX), suggesting a consistent performance among the methods. Additionally, when the 3-h interval VFA data from HS and LS diets were analyzed separately, no interactions were observed between methods and time of day, indicating that the relative daily pattern of VFA molar proportions was similar regardless of the VFA measurement method used. The results revealed that the levels of acetate sharply increased immediately after feeding, trailed by an increase in the acetate:propionate ratio and a steady increase for propionate (2 h after feeding the HS diet, 4 h for LS), and butyrate. This change was more pronounced for the HS diet than the LS diet. However, there was no overall diet effect on the VFA molar proportions, although the measurement methods affected the molar proportions. Furthermore, we observed a strong positive correlation between the levels of RM and EX acetate for both diets (HS: r = 0.84; LS: r = 0.85), RM and EX propionate (r = 0.74), and RM and EX acetate:propionate ratio (r = 0.80). Both EX-VFA and RM-VFA exhibited similar responses to feeding and dietary treatments, suggesting that EX-VFA could serve as a useful proxy for characterizing RM-VFA molar proportions to evaluate rumen fermentation. Similar relationships were observed between RM-VFA and HR-VFA. In conclusion, this study underscores the potential of exhalomics as a reliable approach for assessing rumen fermentation. Moving forward, research should further explore the depth of exhalomics in ruminant studies to provide a comprehensive insight into rumen fermentation metabolites, especially across diverse dietary conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Z Islam
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - S E Räisänen
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - A Schudel
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - K Wang
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - T He
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - C Kunz
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Y Li
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - X Ma
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - A M Serviento
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Z Zeng
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - F Wahl
- Food Microbial Systems Research Division, Agroscope, 3003 Bern, Switzerland
| | - R Zenobi
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Analytical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - S Giannoukos
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Analytical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - M Niu
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland.
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Li T, Zhang W, Niu M, Wu Y, Deng X, Zhou J. STING agonist inflames the cervical cancer immune microenvironment and overcomes anti-PD-1 therapy resistance. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1342647. [PMID: 38550593 PMCID: PMC10972971 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1342647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Cervical cancer poses a significant global threat to women's health. However, current therapeutic interventions, such as radiotherapy, chemotherapy, surgical resection, and immune checkpoint inhibitors, face limitations in the advanced stages of the disease. Given the immunosuppressive microenvironment in cervical cancer, it is imperative to explore novel perspectives. In this regard, STING agonists have emerged as promising candidates. Methods The expression profiles and clinicopathological data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets. Prognostic analysis of STING downstream genes (CCL5, CXCL9, CXCL10) and immune infiltration analysis were conducted using Kaplan-Meier Plotter, ESTIMATE, and deconvo_CIBERSOR. Single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) analysis was conducted to evaluate the potential of MSA-2 in cervical cancer treatment employing SingleR, chi-squared test, and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). Cellular interaction analysis utilized the CellChat package to assess the potentiation of cellular interaction following MSA-2 administration. Murine tumor models involving U14 and TC-1, were conducted, and the IF of tissue was subsequently conducted to assess the tumor microenvironment status after treatment. Results Prognosis in cervical cancer correlated with elevated expression of STING downstream genes, indicating prolonged survival and reduced recurrence. These genes positively correlated with immune infiltration, influencing stromal scores, immune scores, and estimate scores. Specific immune cell populations, including CD8+ T cells, M1-type macrophages, NK cells, and T follicular helper cells, were associated with STING downstream genes. scRNA-seq in a classic immune-excluded model revealed that MSA-2 exerts priming and activating functions on vital components within TME, and intensifies their intercellular communications. The in vivo assay ultimately demonstrated that MSA-2, either as a standalone treatment or in combination with anti-PD-1, effectively suppressed the growth of subcutaneous cervical tumors. Moreover, the combination strategy significantly augmented efficacy compared to anti-PD-1 monotherapy by eliciting a robust antitumor immune response. Conclusion This study highlights the pivotal role of the STING pathway and the potential of MSA-2 in reshaping the immune microenvironment in cervical cancer. Combining MSA-2 with immune checkpoint inhibitors presents a transformative approach, holding promise for improved prognosis. Further investigations are warranted to explore the broader immune landscape and potential long-term effects of MSA-2 in cervical cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianye Li
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weijiang Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengke Niu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuze Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinyue Deng
- Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Center, Cancer Center, Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianwei Zhou
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hangzhou, China
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Li T, Niu M, Zhou J, Wu K, Yi M. The enhanced antitumor activity of bispecific antibody targeting PD-1/PD-L1 signaling. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:179. [PMID: 38475778 PMCID: PMC10935874 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01562-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) signaling pathway, a key player in immune checkpoint regulation, has become a focal point in cancer immunotherapy. In the context of cancer, upregulated PD-L1 on tumor cells can result in T cell exhaustion and immune evasion, fostering tumor progression. The advent of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor has demonstrated clinical success by unleashing T cells from exhaustion. Nevertheless, challenges such as resistance and adverse effects have spurred the exploration of innovative strategies, with bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) emerging as a promising frontier. BsAbs offer a multifaceted approach to cancer immunotherapy by simultaneously targeting PD-L1 and other immune regulatory molecules. We focus on recent advancements in PD-1/PD-L1 therapy with a particular emphasis on the development and potential of BsAbs, especially in the context of solid tumors. Various BsAb products targeting PD-1 signaling are discussed, highlighting their unique mechanisms of action and therapeutic potential. Noteworthy examples include anti-TGFβ × PD-L1, anti-CD47 × PD-L1, anti-VEGF × PD-L1, anti-4-1BB × PD-L1, anti-LAG-3 × PD-L1, and anti-PD-1 × CTLA-4 BsAbs. Besides, we summarize ongoing clinical studies evaluating the efficacy and safety of these innovative BsAb agents. By unraveling the intricacies of the tumor microenvironment and harnessing the synergistic effects of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 BsAbs, there exists the potential to elevate the precision and efficacy of cancer immunotherapy, ultimately enabling the development of personalized treatment strategies tailored to individual patient profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianye Li
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengke Niu
- Cancer Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianwei Zhou
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kongming Wu
- Cancer Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ming Yi
- Department of Breast Surgery, College of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China.
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Wang K, Ruiz-González A, Räisänen SE, Ouellet V, Boucher A, Rico DE, Niu M. Dietary supplementation of vitamin D 3 and calcium partially recover the compromised time budget and circadian rhythm of lying behavior in lactating cows under heat stress. J Dairy Sci 2024; 107:1707-1718. [PMID: 37863290 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-23589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Heat stress (HS) impedes cattle behavior and performance and is an animal comfort and welfare issue. The objective of this study was to characterize the time budget and circadian rhythm of lying behavior in dairy cows during HS and to assess the effect of dietary supplementation of vitamin D3 and Ca. Twelve multiparous Holstein cows (42.2 ± 5.6 kg milk/d; 83 ± 27 d in milk) housed in tiestalls were used in a split-plot design with the concentration of dietary vitamin E and Se as main plots (LESe: 11.1 IU/kg and 0.55 mg/kg, and HESe: 223 IU/kg and 1.8 mg/kg, respectively). Within each plot cows were randomly assigned to (1) HS with low concentrations of vitamin D3 and Ca (HS, 1,012 IU/kg and 0.73%, respectively), (2) HS with high concentrations of vitamin D3 and Ca (HS+D3/Ca; 3,764 IU/kg and 0.97%, respectively), or (3) thermoneutral pair-fed (TNPF) with low concentrations of vitamin D3 and Ca (1,012 IU/kg and 0.73%, respectively) in a Latin square design with 14-d periods and 7-d washouts. Lying behavior was measured with HOBO Loggers in 15-min intervals. Overall, cows in HS spent less time lying per day relative to TNPF from d 7 to 14. Daily lying time was positively correlated with milk yield, energy-corrected milk yield, and feed efficiency, and was negatively correlated with rectal temperature, respiratory rate, fecal calprotectin, tumor necrosis factor-α, and C-reactive protein. A treatment by time interaction was observed for lying behavior: the time spent lying was lesser for cows in HS than in TNPF in the early morning (0000-0600 h) and in the night (1800-2400 h). The circadian rhythm of lying behavior was characterized by fitting a cosine function of time into linear mixed model. Daily rhythmicity of lying was detected for cows in TNPF and HS+D3/Ca, whereas only a tendency in HS cows was observed. Cows in TNPF had the highest mesor (the average level of diurnal fluctuations; 34.2 min/h) and amplitude (the distance between the peak and mesor; 17.9 min/h). Both the mesor and amplitude were higher in HS+D3/Ca relative to HS (26.6 vs. 25.2 min/h and 3.91 min/h vs. 2.18 min/h, respectively). The acrophase (time of the peak) of lying time in TNPF, HS, and HS+D3/Ca were 0028, 0152, and 0054 h, respectively. Lastly, a continuous increase in daily lying time in TNPF was observed during the first 4 d of the experimental period in which DMI was gradually restricted, suggesting that intake restrictions may shift feeding behavior and introduce biases in the behavior of animals. In conclusion, lying behavior was compromised in dairy cows under HS, characterizing reduced daily lying time and disrupted circadian rhythms, and the compromised lying behavior can be partially restored by supplementation of vitamin D3 and Ca. Further research may be required for a more suitable model to study behavior of cows under HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Wang
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8092, Switzerland
| | - A Ruiz-González
- Centre de Recherche en Sciences Animales de Deschambault (CRSAD), Deschambault, QC, G0A 1S0, Canada; Département des Sciences Animales, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - S E Räisänen
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8092, Switzerland
| | - V Ouellet
- Département des Sciences Animales, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - A Boucher
- Département des Sciences Animales, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - D E Rico
- Centre de Recherche en Sciences Animales de Deschambault (CRSAD), Deschambault, QC, G0A 1S0, Canada.
| | - M Niu
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8092, Switzerland.
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Li T, Niu M, Zhang W, Qin S, Zhou J, Yi M. CAR-NK cells for cancer immunotherapy: recent advances and future directions. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1361194. [PMID: 38404574 PMCID: PMC10884099 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1361194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural Killer (NK) cells, intrinsic to the innate immune system, are pivotal in combating cancer due to their independent cytotoxic capabilities in antitumor immune response. Unlike predominant treatments that target T cell immunity, the limited success of T cell immunotherapy emphasizes the urgency for innovative approaches, with a spotlight on harnessing the potential of NK cells. Despite tumors adapting mechanisms to evade NK cell-induced cytotoxicity, there is optimism surrounding Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) NK cells. This comprehensive review delves into the foundational features and recent breakthroughs in comprehending the dynamics of NK cells within the tumor microenvironment. It critically evaluates the potential applications and challenges associated with emerging CAR-NK cell therapeutic strategies, positioning them as promising tools in the evolving landscape of precision medicine. As research progresses, the unique attributes of CAR-NK cells offer a new avenue for therapeutic interventions, paving the way for a more effective and precise approach to cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianye Li
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengke Niu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Weijiang Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuang Qin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianwei Zhou
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ming Yi
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Wang JT, Li L, Niu M, Zhu QL, Zhao ZW, Kotani K, Yamamoto A, Zhang HJ, Li SX, Xu D, Kang N, Li XG, Zhang KP, Sun J, Wu FZ, Zhang HL, Liu DX, Lyu MH, Ji JS, Kawada N, Xu K, Qi XL. [HVPG minimally invasive era: exploration based on forearm venous approach]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2024; 32:35-39. [PMID: 38320789 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20231220-00289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Objective: The transjugular or transfemoral approach is used as a common method for hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) measurement in current practice. This study aims to confirm the safety and effectiveness of measuring HVPG via the forearm venous approach. Methods: Prospective recruitment was conducted for patients with cirrhosis who underwent HVPG measurement via the forearm venous approach at six hospitals in China and Japan from September 2020 to December 2020. Patients' clinical baseline information and HVPG measurement data were collected. The right median cubital vein or basilic vein approach for all enrolled patients was selected. The HVPG standard process was used to measure pressure. Research data were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 statistical software. Quantitative data were used to represent medians (interquartile ranges), while qualitative data were used to represent frequency and rates. The correlation between two sets of data was analyzed using Pearson correlation analysis. Results: A total of 43 cases were enrolled in this study. Of these, 41 (95.3%) successfully underwent HVPG measurement via the forearm venous approach. None of the patients had any serious complications. The median operation time for HVPG detection via forearm vein was 18.0 minutes (12.3~38.8 minutes). This study confirmed that HVPG was positively closely related to Child-Pugh score (r = 0.47, P = 0.002), albumin-bilirubin score (r = 0.37, P = 0.001), Lok index (r = 0.36, P = 0.02), liver stiffness (r = 0.58, P = 0.01), and spleen stiffness (r = 0.77, P = 0.01), while negatively correlated with albumin (r = -0.42, P = 0.006). Conclusion: The results of this multi-centre retrospective study suggest that HVPG measurement via the forearm venous approach is safe and feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- J T Wang
- Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Hepatocirrhosis and Portal Hypertension, Xingtai People's Hospital Affiliated to Hebei Medical University, Xingtai 054000, China
| | - L Li
- Interventional Department, Lanzhou University First Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - M Niu
- Interventional Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, China
| | - Q L Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Lanzhou 646000, China
| | - Z W Zhao
- Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Lishui Central Hospital,Lishui 323000, China
| | - K Kotani
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka Municipal University Hospital, Osaka City, Japan
| | - A Yamamoto
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka City, Japan
| | - H J Zhang
- Interventional Department, Lanzhou University First Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - S X Li
- Interventional Department, Lanzhou University First Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - D Xu
- Interventional Department, Lanzhou University First Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - N Kang
- Interventional Department, Lanzhou University First Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - X G Li
- Interventional Department, Lanzhou University First Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - K P Zhang
- Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Hepatocirrhosis and Portal Hypertension, Xingtai People's Hospital Affiliated to Hebei Medical University, Xingtai 054000, China
| | - J Sun
- Interventional Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, China
| | - F Z Wu
- Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Lishui Central Hospital,Lishui 323000, China
| | - H L Zhang
- Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Lishui Central Hospital,Lishui 323000, China
| | - D X Liu
- Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Hepatocirrhosis and Portal Hypertension, Xingtai People's Hospital Affiliated to Hebei Medical University, Xingtai 054000, China
| | - M H Lyu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Lanzhou 646000, China
| | - J S Ji
- Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Lishui Central Hospital,Lishui 323000, China
| | - N Kawada
- Department of Hepatology, Osaka Municipal University Hospital, Osaka City, Japan
| | - K Xu
- Interventional Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, China
| | - X L Qi
- Portal Hypertension Centers, Southeast University Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Nanjing 210009,China
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Zhang X, Niu M, Li T, Wu Y, Gao J, Yi M, Wu K. S100A8/A9 as a risk factor for breast cancer negatively regulated by DACH1. Biomark Res 2023; 11:106. [PMID: 38093319 PMCID: PMC10720252 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-023-00548-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND S100A8 and S100A9 are members of Ca2+-binding EF-hand superfamily, mainly expressed by macrophages and neutrophils. Limited by the poor stability of homodimers, they commonly exist as heterodimers. Beyond acting as antibacterial cytokines, S100A8/A9 is also associated with metabolic and autoimmune diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and rheumatoid arthritis. While the involvement of S100A8/A9 in breast cancer development has been documented, its prognostic significance and the precise regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. METHODS S100A8/A9 protein in breast cancer samples was evaluated by immunohistochemistry staining with tumor tissue microarrays. The serum S100A8 concentration in patients was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The S100A8 secreted by breast cancer cells was detected by ELISA as well. Pooled analyses were conducted to explore the relationships between S100A8/A9 mRNA level and clinicopathological features of breast cancer patients. Besides, the effects of S100A8/A9 and DACH1 on patient outcomes were analyzed by tissue assays. Finally, xenograft tumor assays were adopted to validate the effects of DACH1 on tumor growth and S100A8/A9 expression. RESULTS The level of S100A8/A9 was higher in breast cancer, relative to normal tissue. Increased S100A8/A9 was related to poor differentiation grade, loss of hormone receptors, and Her2 positive. Moreover, elevated S100A8/A9 predicted a worse prognosis for breast cancer patients. Meanwhile, serum S100A8 concentration was upregulated in Grade 3, basal-like, and Her2-overexpressed subtypes. Additionally, the results of public databases showed S100A8/A9 mRNA level was negatively correlated to DACH1. Stable overexpressing DACH1 in breast cancer cells significantly decreased the generation of S100A8. The survival analysis demonstrated that patients with high S100A8/A9 and low DACH1 achieved the shortest overall survival. The xenograft models indicated that DACH1 expression significantly retarded tumor growth and downregulated S100A8/A9 protein abundance. CONCLUSION S100A8/A9 is remarkedly increased in basal-like and Her2-overexpressed subtypes, predicting poor prognosis of breast cancer patients. Tumor suppressor DACH1 inhibits S100A8/A9 expression. The combination of S100A8/A9 and DACH1 predicted the overall survival of breast cancer patients more preciously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Zhang
- General Surgery Department, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi HospitalThird Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Mengke Niu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tianye Li
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuze Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinnan Gao
- General Surgery Department, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi HospitalThird Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ming Yi
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Kongming Wu
- General Surgery Department, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi HospitalThird Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Abstract
Immunotherapies have revolutionized the treatment paradigms of various types of cancers. However, most of these immunomodulatory strategies focus on harnessing adaptive immunity, mainly by inhibiting immunosuppressive signaling with immune checkpoint blockade, or enhancing immunostimulatory signaling with bispecific T cell engager and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell. Although these agents have already achieved great success, only a tiny percentage of patients could benefit from immunotherapies. Actually, immunotherapy efficacy is determined by multiple components in the tumor microenvironment beyond adaptive immunity. Cells from the innate arm of the immune system, such as macrophages, dendritic cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, neutrophils, natural killer cells, and unconventional T cells, also participate in cancer immune evasion and surveillance. Considering that the innate arm is the cornerstone of the antitumor immune response, utilizing innate immunity provides potential therapeutic options for cancer control. Up to now, strategies exploiting innate immunity, such as agonists of stimulator of interferon genes, CAR-macrophage or -natural killer cell therapies, metabolic regulators, and novel immune checkpoint blockade, have exhibited potent antitumor activities in preclinical and clinical studies. Here, we summarize the latest insights into the potential roles of innate cells in antitumor immunity and discuss the advances in innate arm-targeted therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yi
- Cancer Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, People's Republic of China
- Department of Breast Surgery, College of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianye Li
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengke Niu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Mei
- Cancer Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Department of Breast Surgery, College of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Chu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhijun Dai
- Department of Breast Surgery, College of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kongming Wu
- Cancer Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
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Islam MZ, Giannoukos S, Räisänen SE, Wang K, Ma X, Wahl F, Zenobi R, Niu M. Exhaled volatile fatty acids, ruminal methane emission, and their diurnal patterns in lactating dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2023; 106:6849-6859. [PMID: 37210352 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-23301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
To date, the commonly used methods to assess rumen fermentation are invasive. Exhaled breath contains hundreds of volatile organic compounds (VOC) that can reflect animal physiological processes. In the present study, for the first time, we aimed to use a noninvasive metabolomics approach based on high-resolution mass spectrometry to identify rumen fermentation parameters in dairy cows. Enteric methane (CH4) production from 7 lactating cows was measured 8 times over 3 consecutive days using the GreenFeed system (C-Lock Technology Inc.). Simultaneously, exhalome samples were collected in Tedlar gas sampling bags and analyzed offline using a secondary electrospray ionization high-resolution mass spectrometry system. In total, 1,298 features were detected, among them targeted exhaled volatile fatty acids (eVFA; i.e., acetate, propionate, butyrate), which were putatively annotated using their exact mass-to-charge ratio. The intensity of eVFA, in particular acetate, increased immediately after feeding and followed a similar pattern to that observed for ruminal CH4 production. The average total eVFA concentration was 35.5 count per second (CPS), and among the individual eVFA, acetate had the greatest concentration, averaging 21.3 CPS, followed by propionate at 11.5 CPS, and butyrate at 2.67 CPS. Further, exhaled acetate was on average the most abundant of the individual eVFA at around 59.3%, followed by 32.5 and 7.9% of the total eVFA for propionate and butyrate, respectively. This corresponds well with the previously reported proportions of these VFA in the rumen. The diurnal patterns of ruminal CH4 emission and individual eVFA were characterized using a linear mixed model with cosine function fit. The model characterized similar diurnal patterns for eVFA and ruminal CH4 and H2 production. Regarding the diurnal patterns of eVFA, the phase (time of peak) of butyrate occurred first, followed by that of acetate and propionate. Importantly, the phase of total eVFA occurred around 1 h before that of ruminal CH4. This corresponds well with existing data on the relationship between rumen VFA production and CH4 formation. Results from the present study revealed a great potential to assess the rumen fermentation of dairy cows using exhaled metabolites as a noninvasive proxy for rumen VFA. Further validation, with comparisons to rumen fluid, and establishment of the proposed method are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Z Islam
- ETH Zürich, Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - S Giannoukos
- ETH Zürich, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Analytical Chemistry, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - S E Räisänen
- ETH Zürich, Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - K Wang
- ETH Zürich, Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - X Ma
- ETH Zürich, Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - F Wahl
- Food Microbial Systems Research Division, Agroscope, 3003 Bern, Switzerland
| | - R Zenobi
- ETH Zürich, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Analytical Chemistry, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - M Niu
- ETH Zürich, Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland.
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10
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Niu M, Yi M, Wu Y, Lyu L, He Q, Yang R, Zeng L, Shi J, Zhang J, Zhou P, Zhang T, Mei Q, Chu Q, Wu K. Synergistic efficacy of simultaneous anti-TGF-β/VEGF bispecific antibody and PD-1 blockade in cancer therapy. J Hematol Oncol 2023; 16:94. [PMID: 37573354 PMCID: PMC10423429 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-023-01487-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, therapeutic antibodies against programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1) have exerted potent anticancer effect in a variety of tumors. However, blocking the PD-1/PD-L1 axis alone is not sufficient to restore normal immune response. Other negative regulators of antitumor immunity, like TGF-β and VEGFA, are also involved in immune escape of tumor cells and induce immunotherapy resistance. METHODS We developed a novel anti-TGF-β/VEGF bispecific antibody Y332D based on the Nano-YBODY™ technology platform. The CCK-8, flow cytometry, SBE4 luciferase reporter assay, western blotting and transwell assays were used to measure the biological activities of the anti-TGF-β moiety. The NFAT luciferase reporter assay, luminescent cell viability assay and tube formation assay were used to measure the biological activities of the anti-VEGF moiety. The in vivo anticancer efficacy of Y332D alone or in combination with PD-1 blockade was evaluated in H22, EMT-6, 4T1, and AKT/Ras-driven murine hepatocellular carcinoma tumor models. Immunofluorescent staining, flow cytometry, RNA-seq and quantitative RT-PCR were adopted to analyze the alterations in the tumor microenvironment. RESULTS Y332D could maintain specific binding affinities for TGF-β and VEGFA. Y332D almost entirely counteracted the in vitro biological functions of TGF-β and VEGFA, including immunosuppression, activated TGF-β signaling, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), activated VEGF/VEGFR signaling, HUVEC proliferation and tube formation. The in vivo experiment data demonstrated that Y332D was more effective in inhibiting tumor growth and metastasis than anti-TGF-β and anti-VEGF monotherapies. In combination therapies, Y332D plus PD-1 blockade exhibited the most potent and durable anticancer effect. Mechanistically, Y332D plus PD-1 blockade upregulated the density and function of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and exerted reinvigorated antitumor immunity. CONCLUSION Y332D could simultaneously block TGF-β and VEGF signalings. In comparison with the monotherapies, Y332D combined with PD-1 blockade exerts superior antitumor effect through improving immune microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengke Niu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Ming Yi
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000 China
| | - Yuze Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Lijuan Lyu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710000 China
| | - Qing He
- Wuhan YZY Biopharma Co., Ltd, Biolake, C2-1, No.666 Gaoxin Road, Wuhan, 430075 People’s Republic of China
| | - Rui Yang
- Wuhan YZY Biopharma Co., Ltd, Biolake, C2-1, No.666 Gaoxin Road, Wuhan, 430075 People’s Republic of China
| | - Liang Zeng
- Wuhan YZY Biopharma Co., Ltd, Biolake, C2-1, No.666 Gaoxin Road, Wuhan, 430075 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Shi
- Wuhan YZY Biopharma Co., Ltd, Biolake, C2-1, No.666 Gaoxin Road, Wuhan, 430075 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Wuhan YZY Biopharma Co., Ltd, Biolake, C2-1, No.666 Gaoxin Road, Wuhan, 430075 People’s Republic of China
| | - Pengfei Zhou
- Wuhan YZY Biopharma Co., Ltd, Biolake, C2-1, No.666 Gaoxin Road, Wuhan, 430075 People’s Republic of China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Cancer Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032 China
| | - Qi Mei
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
- Cancer Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032 China
| | - Qian Chu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Kongming Wu
- Cancer Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032 China
- Cancer Center, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
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Li T, Wang X, Niu M, Wang M, Zhou J, Wu K, Yi M. Bispecific antibody targeting TGF-β and PD-L1 for synergistic cancer immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1196970. [PMID: 37520520 PMCID: PMC10373067 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1196970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway plays a crucial role in cancer immune evasion, and the use of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies represents a significant milestone in cancer immunotherapy. However, the low response rate observed in unselected patients and the development of therapeutic resistance remain major obstacles to their clinical application. Accumulating studies showed that overexpressed TGF-β is another immunosuppressive factor apart from traditional immune checkpoints. Actually, the effects of PD-1 and TGF-β pathways are independent and interactive, which work together contributing to the immune evasion of cancer cell. It has been verified that blocking TGF-β and PD-L1 simultaneously could enhance the efficacy of PD-L1 monoclonal antibody and overcome its treatment resistance. Based on the bispecific antibody or fusion protein technology, multiple bispecific and bifunctional antibodies have been developed. In the preclinical and clinical studies, these updated antibodies exhibited potent anti-tumor activity, superior to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 monotherapies. In the review, we summarized the advances of bispecific antibodies targeting TGF-β and PD-L1 in cancer immunotherapy. We believe these next-generation immune checkpoint inhibitors would substantially alter the cancer treatment paradigm, especially in anti-PD-1/PD-L1-resistant patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianye Li
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinrun Wang
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengke Niu
- Cancer Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Mingli Wang
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianwei Zhou
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kongming Wu
- Cancer Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Ming Yi
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Zhang MJ, Xu ZK, Zong L, Wang J, Wang B, Qi SM, Wang HN, Niu M, Cui P, Hu WQ. [Research progress in anti-reflux reconstructions and mechanism after proximal gastrectomy]. Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi 2023; 26:499-504. [PMID: 37217358 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn441530-20221227-00547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The electrophysiological activity of the gastrointestinal tract and the mechanical anti-reflux structure of the gastroesophageal junction are the basis of the anti-reflux function of the stomach. Proximal gastrectomy destroys the mechanical structure and normal electrophysiological channels of the anti-reflux. Therefore, the residual gastric function is disordered. Moreover, gastroesophageal reflux is one of the most serious complications. The emergence of various types of anti-reflux surgery through the mechanism of reconstructing mechanical anti-reflux barrier and establishing buffer zone, and the preservation of, the pacing area and vagus nerve of the stomach, the continuity of the jejunal bowel, the original gastroenteric electrophysiological activity of the gastrointestinal tract, and the physiological function of the pyloric sphincter, are all important measures for gastric conservative operations. There are many types of reconstructive approaches after proximal gastrectomy. The design based on the anti-reflux mechanism and the functional reconstruction of mechanical barrier, and the protection of gastrointestinal electrophysiological activities are important considerations for the selected of reconstructive approaches after proximal gastrectomy. In clinical practice, we should consider the principle of individualization and the safety of radical resection of tumor to select a rational reconstructive approaches after proximal gastrectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Zhang
- Graduate Department of Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi 046000, China
| | - Z K Xu
- Graduate Department of Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi 046000, China
| | - L Zong
- Clinical Medical Research Center for Malignant Tumor (Esophagogastric Junction Cancer) ,Changzhi 046000, China Department of gastrointestinal Surgery, Changzhi People's Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi 046000, China
| | - J Wang
- Clinical Medical Research Center for Malignant Tumor (Esophagogastric Junction Cancer) ,Changzhi 046000, China
| | - B Wang
- Graduate Department of Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi 046000, China
| | - S M Qi
- Clinical Medical Research Center for Malignant Tumor (Esophagogastric Junction Cancer) ,Changzhi 046000, China
| | - H N Wang
- Graduate Department of Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi 046000, China
| | - M Niu
- Clinical Medical Research Center for Malignant Tumor (Esophagogastric Junction Cancer) ,Changzhi 046000, China
| | - P Cui
- Clinical Medical Research Center for Malignant Tumor (Esophagogastric Junction Cancer) ,Changzhi 046000, China Department of gastrointestinal Surgery, Changzhi People's Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi 046000, China
| | - W Q Hu
- Clinical Medical Research Center for Malignant Tumor (Esophagogastric Junction Cancer) ,Changzhi 046000, China Department of gastrointestinal Surgery, Changzhi People's Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi 046000, China
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13
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Han X, Niu M, Yang Y, Li Z, Wang T, Zhang C. Investigation of irradiation defects and hardening of cold-worked vanadium alloys. Fusion Engineering and Design 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2023.113490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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14
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Yi M, Li T, Niu M, Wu Y, Zhao Z, Wu K. TGF-β: A novel predictor and target for anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1061394. [PMID: 36601124 PMCID: PMC9807229 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1061394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling regulates multiple physiological processes, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, immune homeostasis, and wound healing. Besides, TGF-β plays a vital role in diseases, including cancer. Accumulating evidence indicates that TGF-β controls the composition and behavior of immune components in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Advanced cancers leverage TGF-β to reshape the TME and escape immune surveillance. TGF-β-mediated immune evasion is an unfavorable factor for cancer immunotherapy, especially immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). Numerous preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated that hyperactive TGF-β signaling is closely associated with ICI resistance. It has been validated that TGF-β blockade synergizes with ICI and overcomes treatment resistance. TGF-β-targeted therapies, including trap and bispecific antibodies, have shown immense potential for cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we summarized the predictive value of TGF-β signaling and the prospects of TGF-β-targeted therapies for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yi
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China,Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tianye Li
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengke Niu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuze Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhao
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China,*Correspondence: Kongming Wu, ; Zhenyu Zhao,
| | - Kongming Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China,*Correspondence: Kongming Wu, ; Zhenyu Zhao,
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15
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Yi M, Wu Y, Niu M, Zhu S, Zhang J, Yan Y, Zhou P, Dai Z, Wu K. Anti-TGF-β/PD-L1 bispecific antibody promotes T cell infiltration and exhibits enhanced antitumor activity in triple-negative breast cancer. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:jitc-2022-005543. [PMID: 36460337 PMCID: PMC9723957 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-005543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Agents blocking programmed cell death protein 1/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) have been approved for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, the response rate of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 is still unsatisfactory, partly due to immunosuppressive factors such as transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β). In our previous pilot study, the bispecific antibody targeting TGF-β and murine PD-L1 (termed YM101) showed potent antitumor effect. In this work, we constructed a bispecific antibody targeting TGF-β and human PD-L1 (termed BiTP) and explored the antitumor effect of BiTP in TNBC. METHODS BiTP was developed using Check-BODYTM bispecific platform. The binding affinity of BiTP was measured by surface plasmon resonance, ELISA, and flow cytometry. The bioactivity was assessed by Smad and NFAT luciferase reporter assays, immunofluorescence, western blotting, and superantigen stimulation assays. The antitumor activity of BiTP was explored in humanized epithelial-mesenchymal transition-6-hPDL1 and 4T1-hPDL1 murine TNBC models. Immunohistochemical staining, flow cytometry, and bulk RNA-seq were used to investigate the effect of BiTP on immune cell infiltration. RESULTS BiTP exhibited high binding affinity to dual targets. In vitro experiments verified that BiTP effectively counteracted TGF-β-Smad and PD-L1-PD-1-NFAT signaling. In vivo animal experiments demonstrated that BiTP had superior antitumor activity relative to anti-PD-L1 and anti-TGF-β monotherapy. Mechanistically, BiTP decreased collagen deposition, enhanced CD8+ T cell penetration, and increased tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. This improved tumor microenvironment contributed to the potent antitumor activity of BiTP. CONCLUSION BiTP retains parent antibodies' binding affinity and bioactivity, with superior antitumor activity to parent antibodies in TNBC. Our data suggest that BiTP might be a promising agent for TNBC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yi
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuze Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengke Niu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuangli Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Wuhan YZY Biopharma Co Ltd, Wuhan, China
| | | | | | - Zhijun Dai
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kongming Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Cancer Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
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Yi M, Niu M, Wu Y, Ge H, Jiao D, Zhu S, Zhang J, Yan Y, Zhou P, Chu Q, Wu K. Combination of oral STING agonist MSA-2 and anti-TGF-β/PD-L1 bispecific antibody YM101: a novel immune cocktail therapy for non-inflamed tumors. J Hematol Oncol 2022; 15:142. [PMID: 36209176 PMCID: PMC9548169 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-022-01363-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-inflamed tumors, including immune-excluded and immune-desert tumors, are commonly resistant to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 (α-PD-1/PD-L1) therapy. Our previous study reported the potent antitumor activity of anti-TGF-β/PD-L1 bispecific antibody YM101 in immune-excluded tumors. However, YM101 had limited antitumor activity in immune-desert models. MSA-2 is a novel oral stimulator of interferon genes (STING) agonist, which activates the innate immune system and may synergize with YM101 in overcoming immunotherapy resistance. METHODS The dose-dependent effect of MSA-2 on STING signaling was determined by interferon-β level. The maturation and function of dendritic cell (DC) were measured by flow cytometry, RNA-seq, one-way mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR), OVA peptide pulse, and cytokine/chemokine detection. The synergistic effect between MSA-2 and YM101 was assessed by one-way MLR. The macrophage activation was measured by flow cytometry and cytokine/chemokine detection. The in vivo antitumor activity of MSA-2 combined with YM101 was explored in syngeneic murine tumor models. After treatments, the alterations in the tumor microenvironment (TME) were detected by flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry staining, immunofluorescence staining, RNA-seq, and single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq). RESULTS MSA-2 could promote the maturation and antigen presentation capability of murine DC. In the one-way MLR assay, MSA-2 synergized with YM101 in enhancing naive T cell activation. Moreover, MSA-2 stimulated the classical activation of macrophage, without significant influence on alternative activation. Further in vivo explorations showed that MSA-2 increased multiple proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in the TME. MSA-2 combined with YM101 remarkedly retarded tumor growth in immune-excluded and immune-desert models, with superior antitumor activity to monotherapies. Flow cytometry, bulk RNA-seq, and scRNA-seq assays indicated that the combination therapy simultaneously boosted the innate and adaptive immunity, promoted antigen presentation, improved T cell migration and chemotaxis, and upregulated the numbers and activities of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate that MSA-2 synergizes with YM101 in boosting antitumor immunity. This immune cocktail therapy effectively overcomes immunotherapy resistance in immune-excluded and immune-desert models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yi
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.,Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengke Niu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuze Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Ge
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, People's Republic of China
| | - Dechao Jiao
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuangli Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Wuhan YZY Biopharma Co., Ltd, C2-1, No.666 Gaoxin Road, Biolake, Wuhan, 430075, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongxiang Yan
- Wuhan YZY Biopharma Co., Ltd, C2-1, No.666 Gaoxin Road, Biolake, Wuhan, 430075, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengfei Zhou
- Wuhan YZY Biopharma Co., Ltd, C2-1, No.666 Gaoxin Road, Biolake, Wuhan, 430075, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Chu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kongming Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, People's Republic of China.
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Abstract
The clinical responses observed following treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) support immunotherapy as a potential anticancer treatment. However, a large proportion of patients cannot benefit from it due to resistance or relapse, which is most likely attributable to the multiple immunosuppressive cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), a heterogeneous array of pathologically activated immature cells, are a chief component of immunosuppressive networks. These cells potently suppress T-cell activity and thus contribute to the immune escape of malignant tumors. New findings indicate that targeting MDSCs might be an alternative and promising target for immunotherapy, reshaping the immunosuppressive microenvironment and enhancing the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we focus primarily on the classification and inhibitory function of MDSCs and the crosstalk between MDSCs and other myeloid cells. We also briefly summarize the latest approaches to therapies targeting MDSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuze Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Yi
- Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Mengke Niu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Mei
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China. .,Cancer Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kongming Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Abstract
The clinical responses observed following treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) support immunotherapy as a potential anticancer treatment. However, a large proportion of patients cannot benefit from it due to resistance or relapse, which is most likely attributable to the multiple immunosuppressive cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), a heterogeneous array of pathologically activated immature cells, are a chief component of immunosuppressive networks. These cells potently suppress T-cell activity and thus contribute to the immune escape of malignant tumors. New findings indicate that targeting MDSCs might be an alternative and promising target for immunotherapy, reshaping the immunosuppressive microenvironment and enhancing the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we focus primarily on the classification and inhibitory function of MDSCs and the crosstalk between MDSCs and other myeloid cells. We also briefly summarize the latest approaches to therapies targeting MDSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuze Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Yi
- Department of Breast Surgery, Zhejiang University School of Medicine First Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Mengke Niu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Mei
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
- Cancer Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kongming Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
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19
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Bougouin A, Hristov A, Dijkstra J, Aguerre MJ, Ahvenjärvi S, Arndt C, Bannink A, Bayat AR, Benchaar C, Boland T, Brown WE, Crompton LA, Dehareng F, Dufrasne I, Eugène M, Froidmont E, van Gastelen S, Garnsworthy PC, Halmemies-Beauchet-Filleau A, Herremans S, Huhtanen P, Johansen M, Kidane A, Kreuzer M, Kuhla B, Lessire F, Lund P, Minnée EMK, Muñoz C, Niu M, Nozière P, Pacheco D, Prestløkken E, Reynolds CK, Schwarm A, Spek JW, Terranova M, Vanhatalo A, Wattiaux MA, Weisbjerg MR, Yáñez-Ruiz DR, Yu Z, Kebreab E. Prediction of nitrogen excretion from data on dairy cows fed a wide range of diets compiled in an intercontinental database: A meta-analysis. J Dairy Sci 2022; 105:7462-7481. [PMID: 35931475 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2021-20885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Manure nitrogen (N) from cattle contributes to nitrous oxide and ammonia emissions and nitrate leaching. Measurement of manure N outputs on dairy farms is laborious, expensive, and impractical at large scales; therefore, models are needed to predict N excreted in urine and feces. Building robust prediction models requires extensive data from animals under different management systems worldwide. Thus, the study objectives were (1) to collate an international database of N excretion in feces and urine based on individual lactating dairy cow data from different continents; (2) to determine the suitability of key variables for predicting fecal, urinary, and total manure N excretion; and (3) to develop robust and reliable N excretion prediction models based on individual data from lactating dairy cows consuming various diets. A raw data set was created based on 5,483 individual cow observations, with 5,420 fecal N excretion and 3,621 urine N excretion measurements collected from 162 in vivo experiments conducted by 22 research institutes mostly located in Europe (n = 14) and North America (n = 5). A sequential approach was taken in developing models with increasing complexity by incrementally adding variables that had a significant individual effect on fecal, urinary, or total manure N excretion. Nitrogen excretion was predicted by fitting linear mixed models including experiment as a random effect. Simple models requiring dry matter intake (DMI) or N intake performed better for predicting fecal N excretion than simple models using diet nutrient composition or milk performance parameters. Simple models based on N intake performed better for urinary and total manure N excretion than those based on DMI, but simple models using milk urea N (MUN) and N intake performed even better for urinary N excretion. The full model predicting fecal N excretion had similar performance to simple models based on DMI but included several independent variables (DMI, diet crude protein content, diet neutral detergent fiber content, milk protein), depending on the location, and had root mean square prediction errors as a fraction of the observed mean values of 19.1% for intercontinental, 19.8% for European, and 17.7% for North American data sets. Complex total manure N excretion models based on N intake and MUN led to prediction errors of about 13.0% to 14.0%, which were comparable to models based on N intake alone. Intercepts and slopes of variables in optimal prediction equations developed on intercontinental, European, and North American bases differed from each other, and therefore region-specific models are preferred to predict N excretion. In conclusion, region-specific models that include information on DMI or N intake and MUN are required for good prediction of fecal, urinary, and total manure N excretion. In absence of intake data, region-specific complex equations using easily and routinely measured variables to predict fecal, urinary, or total manure N excretion may be used, but these equations have lower performance than equations based on intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bougouin
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis 95616.
| | - A Hristov
- Department of Animal Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16803
| | - J Dijkstra
- Animal Nutrition Group, Wageningen University and Research, 6700 AH Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - M J Aguerre
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634
| | - S Ahvenjärvi
- Animal Nutrition, Production Systems, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), FI-31600 Jokioinen, Finland
| | - C Arndt
- Mazingira Centre, International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), 00100 Nairobi, Kenya
| | - A Bannink
- Wageningen Livestock Research, Wageningen University and Research, 6700 AH Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - A R Bayat
- Animal Nutrition, Production Systems, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), FI-31600 Jokioinen, Finland
| | - C Benchaar
- Sherbrooke Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada J1M 0C8
| | - T Boland
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - W E Brown
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison 53706-1205; Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210
| | - L A Crompton
- School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AR, United Kingdom
| | - F Dehareng
- Department of Valorisation of Agricultural Products, Walloon Agricultural Research Centre, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - I Dufrasne
- Department of Veterinary Management of Animal Resources, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fundamental and Applied Research for Animal and Health (FARAH), University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - M Eugène
- INRAE - Université Clermont Auvergne - VetAgroSup UMR 1213 Unité Mixte de Recherche sur les Herbivores, Centre de recherche Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Theix, 63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
| | - E Froidmont
- Department of Valorisation of Agricultural Products, Walloon Agricultural Research Centre, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - S van Gastelen
- Wageningen Livestock Research, Wageningen University and Research, 6700 AH Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - P C Garnsworthy
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough LE12 5RD, United Kingdom
| | - A Halmemies-Beauchet-Filleau
- Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - S Herremans
- Department of Valorisation of Agricultural Products, Walloon Agricultural Research Centre, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - P Huhtanen
- Department of Agricultural Science for Northern Sweden, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-901 83, Umeå, Sweden
| | - M Johansen
- Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, AU Foulum, Dk-8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - A Kidane
- Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 1433 Ås, Norway
| | - M Kreuzer
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - B Kuhla
- Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Institute of Nutritional Physiology "Oskar Kellner," Dummerstorf, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany
| | - F Lessire
- Department of Veterinary Management of Animal Resources, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fundamental and Applied Research for Animal and Health (FARAH), University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - P Lund
- Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, AU Foulum, Dk-8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - E M K Minnée
- DairyNZ Ltd., Private Bag 3221, Hamilton, New Zealand 3240
| | - C Muñoz
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA Remehue, Ruta 5 S, Osorno, Chile
| | - M Niu
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis 95616; Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - P Nozière
- INRAE - Université Clermont Auvergne - VetAgroSup UMR 1213 Unité Mixte de Recherche sur les Herbivores, Centre de recherche Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Theix, 63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
| | - D Pacheco
- Ag Research, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand
| | - E Prestløkken
- Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 1433 Ås, Norway
| | - C K Reynolds
- School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AR, United Kingdom
| | - A Schwarm
- Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 1433 Ås, Norway
| | - J W Spek
- Wageningen Livestock Research, Wageningen University and Research, 6700 AH Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - M Terranova
- AgroVet-Strickhof, ETH Zurich, 8315 Lindau, Switzerland
| | - A Vanhatalo
- Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - M A Wattiaux
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison 53706-1205
| | - M R Weisbjerg
- Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, AU Foulum, Dk-8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - D R Yáñez-Ruiz
- Estación Experimental del Zaidin, CSIC, 1, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Z Yu
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210
| | - E Kebreab
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis 95616
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20
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Zhang W, Liu FQ, Zhang LP, Ding HG, Zhuge YZ, Wang JT, Li L, Wang GC, Wu H, Li H, Cao GH, Lu XF, Kong DR, Sun L, Wu W, Sun JH, Liu JT, Zhu H, Li DL, Guo WH, Xue H, Wang Y, Gengzang CJC, Zhao T, Yuan M, Liu SR, Huan H, Niu M, Li X, Ma J, Zhu QL, Guo WW, Zhang KP, Zhu XL, Huang BR, Li JN, Wang WD, Yi HF, Zhang Q, Gao L, Zhang G, Zhao ZW, Xiong K, Wang ZX, Shan H, Li MS, Zhang XQ, Shi HB, Hu XG, Zhu KS, Zhang ZG, Jiang H, Zhao JB, Huang MS, Shen WY, Zhang L, Xie F, Li ZW, Hou CL, Hu SJ, Lu JW, Cui XD, Lu T, Yang SS, Liu W, Shi JP, Lei YM, Bao JL, Wang T, Ren WX, Zhu XL, Wang Y, Yu L, Yu Q, Xiang HL, Luo WW, Qi XL. [Status of HVPG clinical application in China in 2021]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2022; 30:637-643. [PMID: 36038326 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501113-20220302-00093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: The investigation and research on the application status of Hepatic Venous Pressure Gradient (HVPG) is very important to understand the real situation and future development of this technology in China. Methods: This study comprehensively investigated the basic situation of HVPG technology in China, including hospital distribution, hospital level, annual number of cases, catheters used, average cost, indications and existing problems. Results: According to the survey, there were 70 hospitals in China carrying out HVPG technology in 2021, distributed in 28 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central Government). A total of 4 398 cases of HVPG were performed in all the surveyed hospitals in 2021, of which 2 291 cases (52.1%) were tested by HVPG alone. The average cost of HVPG detection was (5 617.2±2 079.4) yuan. 96.3% of the teams completed HVPG detection with balloon method, and most of the teams used thrombectomy balloon catheter (80.3%). Conclusion: Through this investigation, the status of domestic clinical application of HVPG has been clarified, and it has been confirmed that many domestic medical institutions have mastered this technology, but it still needs to continue to promote and popularize HVPG technology in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Zhang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - F Q Liu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China
| | - L P Zhang
- Department of Radiology,Third Hospital of Taiyuan, Taiyuan 030012, China
| | - H G Ding
- Liver Disease Digestive Center,Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Y Z Zhuge
- Digestive Department,Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - J T Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xingtai People's Hospital, Xingtai 054001, China
| | - L Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730013, China
| | - G C Wang
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250021, China
| | - H Wu
- Digestive Department, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610044, China
| | - H Li
- Institute of Hepatology and Department of Infectious Disease, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - G H Cao
- Department of Radiology, Shulan Hospital, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - X F Lu
- Digestive Department, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610044, China
| | - D R Kong
- Digestive Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - L Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325001, China
| | - W Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325001, China
| | - J H Sun
- Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Intervention Center , the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - J T Liu
- Digestive Department,Hainan Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Sanya 572013, China
| | - H Zhu
- The 1 st Department of Interventional Radiology, the Sixth People's Hospital of Shenyang, Shenyang 110006, China
| | - D L Li
- No. 900 Hospital of the Joint Logistic Support Force, Fuzhou 350025, China
| | - W H Guo
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Meng Chao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, China
| | - H Xue
- Digestive Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Y Wang
- Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - C J C Gengzang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, the Fourth People's Hospital of Qinghai Province, Xining 810007, China
| | - T Zhao
- Department of Radiology,Sir Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - M Yuan
- Department of Interventional Radiology Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - S R Liu
- Department of Infectious Disease,Qufu People's Hospital, Qufu 273199, China
| | - H Huan
- Digestive Department, Chengdu Office Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region People's Government, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - M Niu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - X Li
- Department of Radiology,Tianjin Second People's Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - J Ma
- Department of Interventional Vascular Surgerg, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan 750002, China
| | - Q L Zhu
- Digestive Department,the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646099, China
| | - W W Guo
- Department of Interventional Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - K P Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xingtai People's Hospital, Xingtai 054001, China
| | - X L Zhu
- Department of Surgery, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730013, China
| | - B R Huang
- Department of Interventional Vascular Surgery,Jingzhou First People's Hospital, Jingzhou, China
| | - J N Li
- Liver Diseases Department,Jiamusi Infectious Disease Hospital, Jiamusi 154015, China
| | - W D Wang
- Hepatobiliary, Pancreatic and Spleen Surgery Department,Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan 528427, China
| | - H F Yi
- Digestive Department,Wuhan First Hospital, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Q Zhang
- Interventional Vascular Surgery Department, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - L Gao
- Oncology and Vascular Interventional Department, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - G Zhang
- Digestive Department, the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530016, China
| | - Z W Zhao
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Lishui 323030, China
| | - K Xiong
- Digestive Department, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330008, China
| | - Z X Wang
- Inner Mongolia Medical University Affiliated Hospital, Hohhot 010050, China
| | - H Shan
- Interventional Medicine Center, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - M S Li
- Department of Endovascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - X Q Zhang
- Digestive Department, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050004, China
| | - H B Shi
- Department of Interventional Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - X G Hu
- Interventional Radiology Department,Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, Jinhua 321099, China
| | - K S Zhu
- Interventional Radiology Department, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510260, China
| | - Z G Zhang
- Department of Liver Surgery,Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430014, China
| | - H Jiang
- Infectious Disease Department,Second Affiliated Hospital, Military Medical University of the Air Force, Xi'an 710038, China
| | - J B Zhao
- Department of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - M S Huang
- Interventional Radiology Department, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - W Y Shen
- Digestive Department,Fuling Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - L Zhang
- Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Center,Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Beijing 102200, China
| | - F Xie
- Function Department,Lanzhou Second People's Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Z W Li
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Department,Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen518112, China
| | - C L Hou
- Department of Interventional Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei 230001, China
| | - S J Hu
- Digestive Department,People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan 750002, China
| | - J W Lu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Qufu People's Hospital, Qufu 273199, China
| | - X D Cui
- Department of Interventional Radiology, the People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530016, China
| | - T Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yangquan Third People's Hospital, Yangquan 045099,China
| | - S S Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University , Yinchuan 750003, China
| | - W Liu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Lishui People's Hospital, Zhejiang Province, Lishui 323050, China
| | - J P Shi
- Department of Liver Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Y M Lei
- Interventional Radiology Department, People's Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region, Lhasa 850001, China
| | - J L Bao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shannan people's Hospital,Shannan 856004, China
| | - T Wang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai 264099,China
| | - W X Ren
- Interventional Treatment Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011,China
| | - X L Zhu
- Interventional Radiology Department, the First Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Interventional Vascular Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou 570216, China
| | - L Yu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Sanming First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University,Sanming 365001,China
| | - Q Yu
- Interventional Radiology Department, Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
| | - H L Xiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Tianjin 300170, China
| | - W W Luo
- Deparment of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - X L Qi
- Center of Portal Hypertension Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
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21
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Yang QY, Lu Y, Xie XL, Lai HH, Tian C, Niu M, Tian JH, Li N, Li J, Ge L. [QUADAS-C-A tool for assessing risk of bias regarding Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-Comparative]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2022; 43:938-944. [PMID: 35725353 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20211101-00841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This paper introduced the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-Comparative (QUADAS-C), illustrated the comparison with the QUADAS-2, and using QUADAS-C together with QUADAS-2 to present QUADAS-C results through systematic reviews. Like the domain for QUADAS-2, QUADAS-C retained four domains, including patient selection, index test, reference standard, flow, and timing, and comprised additional questions for each QUADAS-2 part. Unlike the QUADAS-2 tool, the starting question of each domain for QUADAS-C was designed to summarize the risk of biased information captured by QUADAS-2. QUADAS-C only dealt with the risk of bias but did not include the part of concerns regarding applicability. The answers to signaling questions for each domain of QUADAS-C would lead to a 'low''high' or 'unclear' risk of biased judgment for the original study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Y Yang
- Evidence Based Nursing Centre, School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Y Lu
- Evidence-Based Social Science Research Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China Department of Social Science and Health Management, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - X L Xie
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - H H Lai
- Evidence-Based Social Science Research Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China Department of Social Science and Health Management, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - C Tian
- Evidence-Based Social Science Research Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China Department of Social Science and Health Management, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - M Niu
- Department of Radiology, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - J H Tian
- Evidence Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - N Li
- National Cancer Center/National Cancer Clinical Medical Research Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - J Li
- National Cancer Center/National Cancer Clinical Medical Research Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Long Ge
- Evidence-Based Social Science Research Center, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China Department of Social Science and Health Management, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China Key Laboratory of Evidence Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China
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22
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Niu M, Liu Y, Yi M, Jiao D, Wu K. Biological Characteristics and Clinical Significance of Soluble PD-1/PD-L1 and Exosomal PD-L1 in Cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:827921. [PMID: 35386715 PMCID: PMC8977417 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.827921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune checkpoint pathway consisting of the cell membrane-bound molecule programmed death protein 1 (PD-1) and its ligand PD-L1 has been found to mediate negative regulatory signals that effectively inhibit T-cell proliferation and function and impair antitumor immune responses. Considerable evidence suggests that the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway is responsible for tumor immune tolerance and immune escape. Blockage of this pathway has been found to reverse T lymphocyte depletion and restore antitumor immunity. Antagonists targeting this pathway have shown significant clinical activity in specific cancer types. Although originally identified as membrane-type molecules, several other forms of PD-1/PD-L1 have been detected in the blood of cancer patients, including soluble PD-1/PD-L1 (sPD-1/sPD-L1) and exosomal PD-L1 (exoPD-L1), increasing the composition and functional complications of the PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway. For example, sPD-1 has been shown to block the PD-1/PD-L immunosuppressive pathway by binding to PD-L1 and PD-L2, whereas the role of sPD-L1 and its mechanism of action in cancer remain unclear. In addition, many studies have investigated the roles of exoPD-L1 in immunosuppression, as a biomarker for tumor progression and as a predictive biomarker for response to immunotherapy. This review describes the molecular mechanisms underlying the generation of sPD-1/sPD-L1 and exoPD-L1, along with their biological activities and methods of detection. In addition, this review discusses the clinical importance of sPD-1/sPD-L1 and exoPD-L1 in cancer, including their predictive and prognostic roles and the effects of treatments that target these molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengke Niu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yiming Liu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ming Yi
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dechao Jiao
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Kongming Wu, ; Dechao Jiao,
| | - Kongming Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Kongming Wu, ; Dechao Jiao,
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Abstract
Antibodies targeting programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) or its ligand PD-L1 rescue T cells from exhausted status and revive immune response against cancer cells. Based on the immense success in clinical trials, ten α-PD-1 (nivolumab, pembrolizumab, cemiplimab, sintilimab, camrelizumab, toripalimab, tislelizumab, zimberelimab, prolgolimab, and dostarlimab) and three α-PD-L1 antibodies (atezolizumab, durvalumab, and avelumab) have been approved for various types of cancers. Nevertheless, the low response rate of α-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy remains to be resolved. For most cancer patients, PD-1/PD-L1 pathway is not the sole speed-limiting factor of antitumor immunity, and it is insufficient to motivate effective antitumor immune response by blocking PD-1/PD-L1 axis. It has been validated that some combination therapies, including α-PD-1/PD-L1 plus chemotherapy, radiotherapy, angiogenesis inhibitors, targeted therapy, other immune checkpoint inhibitors, agonists of the co-stimulatory molecule, stimulator of interferon genes agonists, fecal microbiota transplantation, epigenetic modulators, or metabolic modulators, have superior antitumor efficacies and higher response rates. Moreover, bifunctional or bispecific antibodies containing α-PD-1/PD-L1 moiety also elicited more potent antitumor activity. These combination strategies simultaneously boost multiple processes in cancer-immunity cycle, remove immunosuppressive brakes, and orchestrate an immunosupportive tumor microenvironment. In this review, we summarized the synergistic antitumor efficacies and mechanisms of α-PD-1/PD-L1 in combination with other therapies. Moreover, we focused on the advances of α-PD-1/PD-L1-based immunomodulatory strategies in clinical studies. Given the heterogeneity across patients and cancer types, individualized combination selection could improve the effects of α-PD-1/PD-L1-based immunomodulatory strategies and relieve treatment resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yi
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Xiaoli Zheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008 China
| | - Mengke Niu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Shuangli Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
| | - Hong Ge
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008 China
| | - Kongming Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008 China
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Abstract
Effective treatments are urgently needed for patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. Anlotinib is a novel small-molecule multitarget tyrosine kinase inhibitor with broad inhibitory effects on tumor growth and angiogenesis. Here, we present an advanced pancreatic cancer patient, who respond to anlotinib targeted therapy after the failure of multiline chemotherapy and apatinib targeted therapy. Anlotinib was given orally at a dose of 10 mg once daily (2 weeks on/1 week off), and progression-free survival was 5.6 months. The adverse reaction of anlotinib was elevated aminotransferase and fatigue, but it was tolerable and reversible. Our case indicates that anlotinib might be effective in the treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer. This case report may offer a new targeted treatment option for heavily treated advanced pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyi Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
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25
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Li S, Niu M, Deng W, Li N, Wei C, Zhang C, Luo S. Efficacy of Chemotherapy versus Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization in Patients with Advanced Primary Hepatic Neuroendocrine Carcinoma and an Analysis of the Prognostic Factors: A Retrospective Study. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:9085-9093. [PMID: 34916851 PMCID: PMC8671721 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s343572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Primary hepatic neuroendocrine carcinoma (PHNEC) is a rare liver tumor, and there is no clear therapeutic recommendation for patients with advanced PHNEC. This study aims to compare the efficacy of platinum-based chemotherapy (etoposide combined with cisplatin/carboplatin, EP/EC) and transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) in patients with advanced PHNEC, and to evaluate the relevant prognostic factors. Patients and Methods The clinical data of 41 patients with advanced PHNEC from June 2014 to October 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Results At a median follow-up time of 13.9 months, the median overall survival (OS) was 14.8 months in the EP/EC group and 12.2 months in the TACE group (P = 0.040). The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 4.4 months and 2.7 months in the EP/EC group and the TACE group, respectively (P = 0.005). No significant differences in the overall response rate and disease control rate were observed between the EP/EC group and the TACE group (26.1% vs 11.1%, P = 0.429; 73.9% vs 44.4%, P = 0.055, respectively). A univariate analysis indicated that the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS), Ki-67, tumor number, and treatment options were prognostic factors for OS. A multivariate analysis further showed that ECOG PS (P < 0.001), Ki-67 (P = 0.003), and treatment options (P = 0.022) were independent prognostic factors for OS. Conclusion Ki-67, ECOG PS, and treatment options were the independent prognostic factors for OS in patients with advanced PHNEC. EP/EC may be a better choice for patients with advanced PHNEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyi Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengke Niu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenying Deng
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Wei
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Suxia Luo
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
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Yi M, Niu M, Zhang J, Li S, Zhu S, Yan Y, Li N, Zhou P, Chu Q, Wu K. Combine and conquer: manganese synergizing anti-TGF-β/PD-L1 bispecific antibody YM101 to overcome immunotherapy resistance in non-inflamed cancers. J Hematol Oncol 2021; 14:146. [PMID: 34526097 PMCID: PMC8442312 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-021-01155-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our previous work showed that the anti-TGF-β/PD-L1 bispecific antibody YM101 effectively overcame anti-PD-L1 resistance in immune-excluded tumor models. However, in immune-desert models, the efficacy of YM101 was limited. Bivalent manganese (Mn2+) is identified as a natural stimulator of interferon genes (STING) agonist, which might enhance cancer antigen presentation and improve the therapeutic effect of YM101. METHODS The effect of Mn2+ on STING pathway was validated by western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Dendritic cell (DC) maturation was measured by flow cytometry. The synergistic effect between Mn2+ and YM101 in vitro was determined by one-way mixed lymphocyte reaction, CFSE dilution assay, and cytokine detection. The in vivo antitumor effect of Mn2+ plus YM101 therapy was assessed in CT26, EMT-6, H22, and B16 tumor models. Flow cytometry, RNA-seq, and immunofluorescent staining were adopted to investigate the alterations in the tumor microenvironment. RESULTS Mn2+ could activate STING pathway and promote the maturation of human and murine DC. The results of one-way mixed lymphocyte reaction showed that Mn2+ synergized YM101 in T cell activation. Moreover, in multiple syngeneic murine tumor models, Mn2+ plus YM101 therapy exhibited a durable antitumor effect and prolonged the survival of tumor-bearing mice. Relative to YM101 monotherapy and Mn2+ plus anti-PD-L1 therapy, Mn2+ plus YM101 treatment had a more powerful antitumor effect and a broader antitumor spectrum. Mechanistically, Mn2+ plus YM101 strategy simultaneously regulated multiple components in the antitumor immunity and drove the shift from immune-excluded or immune-desert to immune-inflamed tumors. The investigation in the TME indicated Mn2+ plus YM101 strategy activated innate and adaptive immunity, enhanced cancer antigen presentation, and upregulated the density and function of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. This normalized TME and reinvigorated antitumor immunity contributed to the superior antitumor effect of the combination therapy. CONCLUSION Combining Mn2+ with YM101 has a synergistic antitumor effect, effectively controlling tumor growth and prolonging the survival of tumor-bearing mice. This novel cocktail strategy has the potential to be a universal regimen for inflamed and non-inflamed tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yi
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030 People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengke Niu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Wuhan YZY Biopharma Co., Ltd, Biolake, C2-1, No.666 Gaoxin Road, Wuhan, 430075 People’s Republic of China
| | - Shiyu Li
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030 People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuangli Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongxiang Yan
- Wuhan YZY Biopharma Co., Ltd, Biolake, C2-1, No.666 Gaoxin Road, Wuhan, 430075 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008 People’s Republic of China
| | - Pengfei Zhou
- Wuhan YZY Biopharma Co., Ltd, Biolake, C2-1, No.666 Gaoxin Road, Wuhan, 430075 People’s Republic of China
| | - Qian Chu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030 People’s Republic of China
| | - Kongming Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030 People’s Republic of China
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008 People’s Republic of China
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Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the common and fatal malignancies, which is a significant global health problem. The clinical applicability of traditional surgery and other locoregional therapies is limited, and these therapeutic strategies are far from satisfactory in improving the outcomes of advanced HCC. In the past decade, targeted therapy had made a ground-breaking progress in advanced HCC. Those targeted therapies exert antitumor effects through specific signals, including anti-angiogenesis or cell cycle progression. As a standard systemic therapy option, it tremendously improves the survival of this devastating disease. Moreover, the combination of targeted therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) has demonstrated more potent anticancer effects and becomes the hot topic in clinical studies. The combining medications bring about a paradigm shift in the treatment of advanced HCC. In this review, we presented all approved targeted agents for advanced HCC with an emphasis on their clinical efficacy, summarized the advances of multi-target drugs in research for HCC and potential therapeutic targets for drug development. We also discussed the exciting results of the combination between targeted therapy and ICI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengke Niu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ming Yi
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kongju Wu
- Department of Nursing, Medical School of Pingdingshan University, Pingdingshan, China
| | - Kongming Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
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28
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Yi M, Li T, Niu M, Luo S, Chu Q, Wu K. Epidemiological trends of women's cancers from 1990 to 2019 at the global, regional, and national levels: a population-based study. Biomark Res 2021; 9:55. [PMID: 34233747 PMCID: PMC8261911 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-021-00310-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Every year around the world, more than 2 million women are diagnosed with breast cancer and genital tract cancers. However, there are rare studies comprehensively describing the global and regional trends of incidence and mortality of women’s cancers. Methods To study the burden and trend of women’s cancers, we conducted this cross-sectional study based on the epidemiologic data of Global Burden of Disease 2019. In this study, female patients with breast cancer, cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, and uterine cancer worldwide from 1990 to 2019 were involved. The incidence, death, and disability-adjusted life-year (DALY) were used to measure the outcomes of women’s cancers. The estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) was calculated to assess the changing trend of cancer burden. Results Among the four women’s cancers, the burden of female breast cancer was highest. During the past 30 years, the incidence, death, and DALY of female breast cancer kept increasing worldwide. In most regions especially developing countries, cervical cancer was the second most common women’s cancer. At the same time, ovarian cancer and uterine cancer occurred less frequently. Generally, the age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs) of breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and uterine cancer were positively correlated to sociodemographic index (SDI) value. In contrast, the ASIR of cervical cancer was negatively correlated to SDI value. Conclusions Our study indicates that the incidence and mortality of women’s cancers have geographical variations and change along with SDI value. The results might be helpful to policy-makers to allocate healthy resources to control women’s cancers. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40364-021-00310-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yi
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, China
| | - Tianye Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Mengke Niu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, China
| | - Suxia Luo
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, 450008, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qian Chu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, China.
| | - Kongming Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, China. .,Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, 450008, Zhengzhou, China.
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29
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McEwen M, Kafri D, Chen Z, Atalaya J, Satzinger KJ, Quintana C, Klimov PV, Sank D, Gidney C, Fowler AG, Arute F, Arya K, Buckley B, Burkett B, Bushnell N, Chiaro B, Collins R, Demura S, Dunsworth A, Erickson C, Foxen B, Giustina M, Huang T, Hong S, Jeffrey E, Kim S, Kechedzhi K, Kostritsa F, Laptev P, Megrant A, Mi X, Mutus J, Naaman O, Neeley M, Neill C, Niu M, Paler A, Redd N, Roushan P, White TC, Yao J, Yeh P, Zalcman A, Chen Y, Smelyanskiy VN, Martinis JM, Neven H, Kelly J, Korotkov AN, Petukhov AG, Barends R. Removing leakage-induced correlated errors in superconducting quantum error correction. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1761. [PMID: 33741936 PMCID: PMC7979694 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21982-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantum computing can become scalable through error correction, but logical error rates only decrease with system size when physical errors are sufficiently uncorrelated. During computation, unused high energy levels of the qubits can become excited, creating leakage states that are long-lived and mobile. Particularly for superconducting transmon qubits, this leakage opens a path to errors that are correlated in space and time. Here, we report a reset protocol that returns a qubit to the ground state from all relevant higher level states. We test its performance with the bit-flip stabilizer code, a simplified version of the surface code for quantum error correction. We investigate the accumulation and dynamics of leakage during error correction. Using this protocol, we find lower rates of logical errors and an improved scaling and stability of error suppression with increasing qubit number. This demonstration provides a key step on the path towards scalable quantum computing.
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Affiliation(s)
- M McEwen
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
- Google, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | | | - Z Chen
- Google, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - D Sank
- Google, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | | | | | - F Arute
- Google, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - K Arya
- Google, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - B Foxen
- Google, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | | | - T Huang
- Google, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - S Hong
- Google, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | | | - S Kim
- Google, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - X Mi
- Google, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - J Mutus
- Google, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | | | | | - C Neill
- Google, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | | | - A Paler
- Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria
- University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - N Redd
- Google, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | | | | | - J Yao
- Google, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - P Yeh
- Google, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | | | - Yu Chen
- Google, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | | | - John M Martinis
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - H Neven
- Google, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - J Kelly
- Google, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - A N Korotkov
- Google, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
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30
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Abstract
Immunotherapy, especially anti-programmed cell death protein 1/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) treatment has significantly improved the survival of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. However, the overall response rate remains unsatisfactory. Many factors affect the outcome of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 treatment, such as PD-L1 expression level, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), tumor mutation burden (TMB), neoantigens, and driver gene mutations. Further exploration of biomarkers would be favorable for the best selection of patients and precisely predict the efficacy of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 treatment. In this review, we summarized the latest advances in this field, and discussed the potential applications of these laboratory findings in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengke Niu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, China.,Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ming Yi
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, China
| | - Suxia Luo
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, China.
| | - Kongming Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, China. .,Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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31
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Abstract
Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) on cancer cells engages with programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) on immune cells, contributing to cancer immune escape. For multiple cancer types, the PD-1/PD-L1 axis is the major speed-limiting step of the anti-cancer immune response. In this context, blocking PD-1/PD-L1 could restore T cells from exhausted status and eradicate cancer cells. However, only a subset of PD-L1 positive patients benefits from α-PD-1/PD-L1 therapies. Actually, PD-L1 expression is regulated by various factors, leading to the diverse significances of PD-L1 positivity. Understanding the mechanisms of PD-L1 regulation is helpful to select patients and enhance the treatment effect. In this review, we focused on PD-L1 regulators at the levels of transcription, post-transcription, post-translation. Besides, we discussed the potential applications of these laboratory findings in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yi
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Mengke Niu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, China
| | - Linping Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, China
| | - Suxia Luo
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, China.
| | - Kongming Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China. .,Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, China.
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Tian S, Niu M, Xie L, Song Q, Liu A. Diffusion-tensor imaging for differentiating uterine sarcoma from degenerative uterine fibroids. Clin Radiol 2020; 76:313.e27-313.e32. [PMID: 33358441 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2020.11.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
AIM To explore the applicability of diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI) sequence quantitative parameters in differentiating uterine sarcoma (USr) from degenerative uterine fibroids (DUF). MATERIALS AND METHODS Fourteen cases of USr and 30 cases of DUF were analysed retrospectively. The diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and DTI images were analysed by two observers using Functool software on a ADW4.6 workstation. The images were post-processed to generate an apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) map of DWI, ADC map of DTI (ADCT map), and fractional anisotropy (FA) map. Three regions of interest (ROI) were selected from the ADC, ADCT, and FA maps to obtain the ADC, ADCT, and FA values. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves of all parameters were used to analyse and compare the diagnostic value of USr and DUF. RESULTS The ADC value, ADCT value, and FA value of USr (1.190 ± 0.262 × 10-3mm2/s, 1.165 ± 0.270 × 10-9mm2/s, 0.168 ± 0.063) were significantly lower compared to the values for DUF (1.525 ± 0.314 × 10-3mm2/s, 1.650 ± 0.332 × 10-9mm2/s, 0.254 ± 0.111; all p<0.001). The diagnostic threshold values for USr were: ADC ≤1.290 × 10-3mm2/s, ADCT ≤1.322 × 10-9mm2/s and FA ≤0.192. The corresponding sensitivities and specificities were 78.6%/90%, 96.7%/92.9%, and 86.7%/85.7%, respectively. The areas under the curve (AUC) were 0.875, 0.974, and 0.831, respectively. CONCLUSIONS DTI quantitative parameters can be used to differentiate USr from DUF. The ADCT value had the highest diagnostic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Tian
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Department of Radiology, Dalian, China
| | - M Niu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Department of Radiology, Xiamen, China
| | - L Xie
- GE Healthcare, MR Research, Beijing, China
| | - Q Song
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Department of Radiology, Dalian, China
| | - A Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Department of Radiology, Dalian, China.
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Abstract
CD44, a complex transmembrane glycoprotein, exists in multiple molecular forms, including the standard isoform CD44s and CD44 variant isoforms. CD44 participates in multiple physiological processes, and aberrant expression and dysregulation of CD44 contribute to tumor initiation and progression. CD44 represents a common biomarker of cancer stem cells, and promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition. CD44 is involved in the regulation of diverse vital signaling pathways that modulate cancer proliferation, invasion, metastasis and therapy-resistance, and it is also modulated by a variety of molecules in cancer cells. In addition, CD44 can serve as an adverse prognostic marker among cancer population. The pleiotropic roles of CD44 in carcinoma potentially offering new molecular target for therapeutic intervention. Preclinical and clinical trials for evaluating the pharmacokinetics, efficacy and drug-related toxicity of CD44 monoclonal antibody have been carried out among tumors with CD44 expression. In this review, we focus on current data relevant to CD44, and outline CD44 structure, the regulation of CD44, functional properties of CD44 in carcinogenesis and cancer progression as well as the potential CD44-targeting therapy for cancer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanxiao Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Mengke Niu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University: Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, China
| | - Xun Yuan
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Kongming Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University: Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, China. .,Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Aiguo Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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Foxen B, Neill C, Dunsworth A, Roushan P, Chiaro B, Megrant A, Kelly J, Chen Z, Satzinger K, Barends R, Arute F, Arya K, Babbush R, Bacon D, Bardin JC, Boixo S, Buell D, Burkett B, Chen Y, Collins R, Farhi E, Fowler A, Gidney C, Giustina M, Graff R, Harrigan M, Huang T, Isakov SV, Jeffrey E, Jiang Z, Kafri D, Kechedzhi K, Klimov P, Korotkov A, Kostritsa F, Landhuis D, Lucero E, McClean J, McEwen M, Mi X, Mohseni M, Mutus JY, Naaman O, Neeley M, Niu M, Petukhov A, Quintana C, Rubin N, Sank D, Smelyanskiy V, Vainsencher A, White TC, Yao Z, Yeh P, Zalcman A, Neven H, Martinis JM. Demonstrating a Continuous Set of Two-Qubit Gates for Near-Term Quantum Algorithms. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 125:120504. [PMID: 33016760 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.120504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Quantum algorithms offer a dramatic speedup for computational problems in material science and chemistry. However, any near-term realizations of these algorithms will need to be optimized to fit within the finite resources offered by existing noisy hardware. Here, taking advantage of the adjustable coupling of gmon qubits, we demonstrate a continuous two-qubit gate set that can provide a threefold reduction in circuit depth as compared to a standard decomposition. We implement two gate families: an imaginary swap-like (iSWAP-like) gate to attain an arbitrary swap angle, θ, and a controlled-phase gate that generates an arbitrary conditional phase, ϕ. Using one of each of these gates, we can perform an arbitrary two-qubit gate within the excitation-preserving subspace allowing for a complete implementation of the so-called Fermionic simulation (fSim) gate set. We benchmark the fidelity of the iSWAP-like and controlled-phase gate families as well as 525 other fSim gates spread evenly across the entire fSim(θ,ϕ) parameter space, achieving a purity-limited average two-qubit Pauli error of 3.8×10^{-3} per fSim gate.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Foxen
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
- Google Research, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - C Neill
- Google Research, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - A Dunsworth
- Google Research, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - P Roushan
- Google Research, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - B Chiaro
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - A Megrant
- Google Research, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - J Kelly
- Google Research, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - Zijun Chen
- Google Research, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - K Satzinger
- Google Research, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - R Barends
- Google Research, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - F Arute
- Google Research, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - K Arya
- Google Research, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - R Babbush
- Google Research, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - D Bacon
- Google Research, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - J C Bardin
- Google Research, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
| | - S Boixo
- Google Research, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - D Buell
- Google Research, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - B Burkett
- Google Research, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - Yu Chen
- Google Research, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - R Collins
- Google Research, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - E Farhi
- Google Research, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - A Fowler
- Google Research, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - C Gidney
- Google Research, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - M Giustina
- Google Research, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - R Graff
- Google Research, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - M Harrigan
- Google Research, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - T Huang
- Google Research, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - S V Isakov
- Google Research, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - E Jeffrey
- Google Research, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - Z Jiang
- Google Research, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - D Kafri
- Google Research, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - K Kechedzhi
- Google Research, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - P Klimov
- Google Research, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - A Korotkov
- Google Research, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - F Kostritsa
- Google Research, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - D Landhuis
- Google Research, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - E Lucero
- Google Research, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - J McClean
- Google Research, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - M McEwen
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - X Mi
- Google Research, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - M Mohseni
- Google Research, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - J Y Mutus
- Google Research, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - O Naaman
- Google Research, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - M Neeley
- Google Research, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - M Niu
- Google Research, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - A Petukhov
- Google Research, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - C Quintana
- Google Research, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - N Rubin
- Google Research, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - D Sank
- Google Research, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - V Smelyanskiy
- Google Research, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - A Vainsencher
- Google Research, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - T C White
- Google Research, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - Z Yao
- Google Research, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - P Yeh
- Google Research, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - A Zalcman
- Google Research, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - H Neven
- Google Research, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
| | - J M Martinis
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
- Google Research, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA
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Jiang RM, Li J, Wang ZQ, Shen JF, Niu M. [Primary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy with renal hypokalemia: a case report]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 2020; 59:720-723. [PMID: 32838506 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20190918-00637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R M Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology, Fuyang People's Hospital of Anhui Province, Fuyang, Anhui 236003, China
| | - J Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Fuyang People's Hospital of Anhui Province, Fuyang, Anhui 236003, China
| | - Z Q Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Fuyang People's Hospital of Anhui Province, Fuyang, Anhui 236003, China
| | - J F Shen
- Department of Endocrinology, Fuyang People's Hospital of Anhui Province, Fuyang, Anhui 236003, China
| | - M Niu
- Department of Endocrinology, Fuyang People's Hospital of Anhui Province, Fuyang, Anhui 236003, China
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Niu M, Yi M, Dong B, Luo S, Wu K. Upregulation of STAT1-CCL5 axis is a biomarker of colon cancer and promotes the proliferation of colon cancer cells. Ann Transl Med 2020; 8:951. [PMID: 32953751 PMCID: PMC7475405 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-4428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in men and women globally. Investigating genetic ground differences between normal and CRC tissues would be significant for identifying some key oncogenic pathways and developing anti-cancer agents. Methods Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) method was used to screen out core pathways related to the clinical traits of CRC patients. Then, multiple databases were utilized to further verify the hub genes obtained from data mining. Finally, to explore the role of hub genes in CRC, cell counting and EdU assays were performed. Results The results of the WGCNA analysis showed that a module (turquoise module) was highly related with CRC differentiation grade (R =0.53, P<0.0001). Enrichment analysis indicated that genes of the turquoise module were remarkably enriched in multiple inflammatory processes and pathways. Among all hub genes of the turquoise module, the mRNA levels of STAT1 and CCL5 were significantly higher in CRC than in normal colon tissues. STAT1 expression was highly positively correlated with the level of CCL5. The results of the cell counting, EdU, CCK-8, and CFSE staining assays showed that interfering with STAT1 and CCL5 could inhibit the proliferation of CRC cells. Conclusions Our study indicated that the STAT1-CCL5 axis is an important modulator in the development of CRC through promoting cell proliferation. Moreover, the levels of STAT1 and CCL5 might be valuable biomarkers for CRC screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengke Niu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ming Yi
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bing Dong
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Suxia Luo
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kongming Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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37
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Niu M, Li Y, Li G, Zhou L, Luo N, Yao M, Kang W, Liu J. A longitudinal study on α-synuclein in plasma neuronal exosomes as a biomarker for Parkinson's disease development and progression. Eur J Neurol 2020; 27:967-974. [PMID: 32150777 DOI: 10.1111/ene.14208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The identification of reliable diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for Parkinson's disease (PD) is urgently needed. Here, we explored the potential use of α-synuclein (α-syn) in plasma neuronal exosomes as a biomarker for early PD diagnosis and disease progression. METHODS This study included both cross-sectional and longitudinal designs. The subjects included 36 patients with early-stage PD, 17 patients with advanced PD, 20 patients with idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder and 21 healthy controls (HCs). α-syn levels were measured by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. A subgroup of patients with early-stage PD (n = 18) participated in a follow-up examination with repeated blood collection and clinical assessments after an average of 22 months. RESULTS The α-syn levels in plasma neuronal exosomes were significantly higher in patients with early-stage PD compared with HCs (P = 0.007). Differences in α-syn levels between patients with idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder and HCs did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.08). In addition, Spearman correlation analysis revealed that neuronal exosomal α-syn concentrations were correlated with Movement Disorders Society Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale III/(I + II + III) scores, Non-Motor Symptom Questionnaire scores and Sniffin' Sticks 16-item test scores of patients with PD (P < 0.05). After a mean follow-up of 22 months in patients with early-stage PD, a Cox regression analysis adjusted for age and gender showed that longitudinally increased α-syn rather than baseline α-syn levels were associated with higher risk for motor symptom progression in PD (P = 0.039). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggested that α-syn in plasma neuronal exosomes may serve as a biomarker to aid early diagnosis of PD and also as a prognostic marker for PD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Niu
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Y Li
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - G Li
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - L Zhou
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - N Luo
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - M Yao
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - W Kang
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Ruijin Hospital North affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - J Liu
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai, China
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Zhang Y, Niu M, Li Y, Wang J, Qu B, Zheng CX, Huang P, Yu WH. [Prevalence and risk factors of diabetic retinopathy in hospital patients]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2018; 98:440-444. [PMID: 29429256 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2018.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the prevalence and risk factors of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in ophthalmic patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed. Diabetic patients who were admitted to Department of Ophthalmology, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Muping between October 2012 and June 2013 were included. General information and medical history were obtained from each subject by questionaires. Laboratory and detailed ophthalmic examinations were performed during the study. DR was diagnosed and graded by mydriatic fundus photography. Prevalence of DR was calculated and logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between DR and various factors. Results: A total of 676 diabetic patients were included, and 455 of them presented with DR at a morbidity rate of 67.31%. Among DR patients, the number of mild, moderate, severe non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) patients and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) patients were 211 (46.37%), 167 (36.70%), 57 (12.53%) and 20 (4.40%), respectively. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of DR among different age groups (χ(2)=6.527, P=0.089). However, there was a significant difference between different disease duration groups (χ(2)=39.401, P<0.001), as well as between insulin therapy group and non-insulin therapy group (χ(2)=7.378, P=0.007). The multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated the independent risk factors for DR occurrence were hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (OR=1.131, 95%CI: 1.022-1.252, P=0.011) and duration of diabetes (OR=1.077, 95%CI: 1.046-1.108, P<0.001). Conclusions: The prevalence of DR in ophthalmic patients was associated with duration of diabetes, HbA1c, obesity, smoke, nephropaty and insulin therapy. Increased HbA1c level and longer duration of diabetes were independent risk factors for DR in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
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Zhao Y, Wang HY, Wang CB, Niu M, Wang YY, Li XF. [Analysis of clinicopathological characteristics of papillary thyroid carcinoma and BRAF V600E gene mutation]. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018; 32:1472-1476. [PMID: 30550190 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2018.19.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To study the correlation between the BRAF V600E mutation and the clinicopathological features of papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC), and to explore the application value of BRAF V600E mutation in PTC. Method: The BRAF V600E gene mutation was detected in 108 PTC cases and 30 control cases by qPCR. The results were statistically analyzed by using SPSS 21.0 software. Result: The BRAF V600E mutation was absent in the control group. The BRAF V600E mutation rate was 72.20% in 108 PTC cases. Compared with patients with wild type,the mean age of patients with the mutant BRAF V600E was significantly older(P<0.05). BRAF V600E mutations were associated with PTC tissue subtypes and central area lymph node metastasis(P<0.05). BRAF V600E mutations were not correlated with tumor diameter, patient gender, multifocality, tumor site, concomitant disease, lymph node metastasis in side region of neck, capsule invasion, and TNM staging(P>0.05). Conclusion: The value of BRAF V600E mutation in the prognosis of PTC remains to be studied. BRAF V600E mutation is of value for pathological diagnosis of PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhao
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an,710061, China
| | - H Y Wang
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an,710061, China
| | - C B Wang
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an,710061, China
| | - M Niu
- Department of Pathology, the Fourth Hospital of Xi'an
| | - Y Y Wang
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an,710061, China
| | - X F Li
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an,710061, China
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Cheng CF, Hussels J, Niu M, Bethlem HL, Eikema KSE, Salumbides EJ, Ubachs W, Beyer M, Hölsch N, Agner JA, Merkt F, Tao LG, Hu SM, Jungen C. Dissociation Energy of the Hydrogen Molecule at 10^{-9} Accuracy. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 121:013001. [PMID: 30028156 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.013001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The ionization energy of ortho-H_{2} has been determined to be E_{I}^{o}(H_{2})/(hc)=124 357.238 062(25) cm^{-1} from measurements of the GK(1,1)-X(0,1) interval by Doppler-free, two-photon spectroscopy using a narrow band 179-nm laser source and the ionization energy of the GK(1,1) state by continuous-wave, near-infrared laser spectroscopy. E_{I}^{o}(H_{2}) was used to derive the dissociation energy of H_{2}, D_{0}^{N=1}(H_{2}), at 35 999.582 894(25) cm^{-1} with a precision that is more than one order of magnitude better than all previous results. The new result challenges calculations of this quantity and represents a benchmark value for future relativistic and QED calculations of molecular energies.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-F Cheng
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, LaserLaB, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J Hussels
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, LaserLaB, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M Niu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, LaserLaB, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - H L Bethlem
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, LaserLaB, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - K S E Eikema
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, LaserLaB, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - E J Salumbides
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, LaserLaB, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - W Ubachs
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, LaserLaB, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1081, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M Beyer
- Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - N Hölsch
- Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - J A Agner
- Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - F Merkt
- Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - L-G Tao
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, iChem center, University of Science and Technology China, Hefei, 230026 China
| | - S-M Hu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, iChem center, University of Science and Technology China, Hefei, 230026 China
| | - Ch Jungen
- Laboratoire Aimé Cotton du CNRS, Bâtiment 505, Université de Paris-Sud, F-91405 Orsay, France and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
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Hristov A, Kebreab E, Niu M, Oh J, Bannink A, Bayat A, Boland T, Brito A, Casper D, Crompton L, Dijkstra J, Eugène M, Garnsworthy P, Haque N, Hellwing A, Huhtanen P, Kreuzer M, Kuhla B, Lund P, Madsen J, Martin C, Moate P, Muetzel S, Muñoz C, Peiren N, Powell J, Reynolds C, Schwarm A, Shingfield K, Storlien T, Weisbjerg M, Yáñez-Ruiz D, Yu Z. Symposium review: Uncertainties in enteric methane inventories, measurement techniques, and prediction models. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:6655-6674. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-13536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Krishnan G, Patel M, Upadhyay B, Garcowski L, Anthony A, Derteano C, Niu M, Germann M, Nalamothu V. 1105 The effect of chemical penetration enhancers and dosage form on in vitro skin permeation. J Invest Dermatol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.03.1118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Biswas S, Niu M, Pandey P, Appuhamy JADRN, Leytem AB, Kebreab E, Dungan RS. Effect of Dairy Manure Storage Conditions on the Survival of E. coli O157:H7 and Listeria. J Environ Qual 2018; 47:185-189. [PMID: 29415095 DOI: 10.2134/jeq2017.06.0224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Dairy manure is regularly applied to crop fields as a solid or liquid to improve the soil nutrient status. However, pathogens may survive during manure storage and enter the environment during application. In this study, three storage practices were evaluated to understand the survival patterns of O157:H7 and spp. in dairy manure using a culture-based approach. To replicate common farm manure storage techniques, solid manure was stacked as piles with periodic turning or as static piles without turning, whereas liquid manure (feces, urine, and water) was stored as a slurry in small tanks to simulate lagoon conditions. The and levels in the manure samples were determined for 29 wk. Results showed that there was an initial reduction in bacteria levels in the first month; however, both and managed to survive in the solid manure piles for the full study period. In slurry samples, was not detected after 14 wk, but survived until the end of the experiment at relatively lower levels than in the solid manure piles. Ambient weather and pile size were identified as the main reasons for bacteria survival during the course of the experiment. The outcome of this study is important in terms of understanding pathogen survival in manure piles and slurries prior to their application to crop fields.
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Niu M, Harvatine K. The effects of feeding a partial mixed ration plus a top-dress before feeding on milk production and the daily rhythm of feed intake and plasma hormones and metabolites in dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:164-171. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-13482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Niu M, Harvatine KJ. Short communication: The effects of morning compared with evening feed delivery in lactating dairy cows during the summer. J Dairy Sci 2017; 101:396-400. [PMID: 29128210 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-13635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Delivering fresh feed in the evening is a management strategy sometimes used during periods of heat stress, but previous experiments have observed that night feeding increased feed intake during the 2 h after feeding and did not change intake during the overnight period. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of night feeding on daily rhythms of the dairy cow during the summer season. Twelve Holstein cows were used in a crossover design with 14-d periods. An automated system recorded the timing of feed intake over the last 7 d of each period. Treatments were ad libitum feeding with fresh feed delivery 1×/d at 0830 h or 2030 h. Milk yield and composition were not changed by treatment, but night feeding decreased the concentration of preformed fatty acids in milk fat. Night feeding decreased feed intake 1.7 kg/d, and decreased total-tract dry matter and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) digestibility by 0.7 and 0.8 percentage units, respectively. The amount of feed consumed in the first 2 h after feeding was 64% greater with night feeding, but intake did not differ between treatments during the night or early afternoon. A treatment by time of day interaction was observed for fecal NDF and indigestible NDF concentration and plasma glucose, insulin, and urea concentrations. Night feeding resulted in an increase in plasma insulin after feeding, which decreased plasma glucose. The daily rhythm of core body temperature was entrained by treatment, with the phase shifted and the amplitude decreased by night feeding indicating alteration of the central clock. In conclusion, feeding cows once per day in the evening during the summer caused a similar increase in feed intake and plasma insulin after feeding as previously observed during non-heat stress seasons. Night feeding also decreased intake and total-tract digestibility. The daily pattern of feed intake and other behaviors should be considered before initiation of night feeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Niu
- Department of Animal Science, Penn State University, University Park 16802
| | - K J Harvatine
- Department of Animal Science, Penn State University, University Park 16802.
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Ying Y, Niu M, Clarke A, Harvatine K. Short communication: Effect of a citrus extract in lactating dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2017; 100:5468-5471. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2016-12233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Niu M, Ying Y, Bartell P, Harvatine K. The effects of feeding rations that differ in fiber and fermentable starch within a day on milk production and the daily rhythm of feed intake and plasma hormones and metabolites in dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2017; 100:187-198. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2016-11129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Tewoldebrhan TA, Appuhamy JADRN, Lee JJ, Niu M, Seo S, Jeong S, Kebreab E. Exogenous β-mannanase improves feed conversion efficiency and reduces somatic cell count in dairy cattle. J Dairy Sci 2016; 100:244-252. [PMID: 28341045 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2016-11017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Exogenous fibrolytic enzymes have been shown to be a promising way to improve feed conversion efficiency (FCE). β-Mannanase is an important enzyme digesting the polysaccharide β-mannan in hemicellulose. Supplementation of diets with β-mannanase to improve FCE has been more extensively studied in nonruminants than in ruminants. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of β-mannanase supplementation on nutrient digestibility, FCE, and nitrogen utilization in lactating Holstein dairy cows. Twelve post-peak-lactation multiparous Holstein cows producing 45.5±6.6kg/d of milk at 116±19.0d in milk were randomly allotted to 1 of 3 treatments in a 3×3 Latin square design with 3 periods of 18d (15d for adaptation plus 3d for sample collection). All cows were fed the same basal diet and the 3 treatments differed only by the β-mannanase dose: 0% dry matter (DM; control), 0.1% of DM (low supplement, LS), and 0.2% of DM (high supplement, HS) supplemented to the basal diet. Supplementation of β-mannanase enzyme at the LS dose reduced dry matter intake (DMI) but did not affect milk yield or milk composition. Cows receiving LS produced 90g more milk per kg of DMI compared with control cows. Somatic cell count (SCC) in milk was lower for cows fed the LS diet compared with cows fed control diets. Cows fed LS diet had lower DM, organic matter and crude protein digestibility compared with cows fed control diets. Starch, neutral detergent fiber, and acid detergent fiber digestibility were not affected by LS. Milk yield, DMI, SCC, and nutrient digestibility did not change for HS. Despite the reduced crude protein digestibility, reduced N intake led to similar fecal N excretions in LS cows and control cows (234 vs. 235g/cow per day). Urinary N excretions remained similar between enzyme-fed and control cows (~190g/cow per day), although the percentage of N intake partitioned to urinary N tended to be greater in LS than in control cows (31 vs. 27%). Cows fed LS significantly improved the percentage of apparently absorbed N partitioned to milk protein N (42 vs. 38%). When supplemented at 0.1% of dietary DM, β-mannanase can improve FCE and lower the SCC of dairy cows without affecting milk yield, milk composition, or total manure N excretions of dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Tewoldebrhan
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis 95616
| | | | - J-J Lee
- CTCBio Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea 05842
| | - M Niu
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis 95616
| | - S Seo
- Department of Animal Biosystem Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea
| | - S Jeong
- Department of Animal Biosystem Sciences, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Republic of Korea
| | - E Kebreab
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis 95616.
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Kebreab E, Tewoldebrhan T, Appuhamy R, Niu M, Seo S, Jeong S, Lee JJ. 1362 Supplementation of β-mannanase (CTCZYME) to lactating dairy cattle diets improves feed conversion efficiency and somatic cell count. J Anim Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.2527/jam2016-1362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Niu M, Xu R, Wang J, Hou B, Xie A. MiR-133b ameliorates axon degeneration induced by MPP(+) via targeting RhoA. Neuroscience 2016; 325:39-49. [PMID: 27012608 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 02/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that microRNAs (miRs) play a significant role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). MiR-133b, which is significantly decreased in the PD midbrain, has recently been shown to promote neurite outgrowth and enhance neural functional recovery. However, the role of miR-133b in PD has not been clearly established. Here, using a well-established PD model culture based on the neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridinium (MPP(+)), we demonstrated that miR-133b could promote axon outgrowth in dopaminergic neurons (DNs) and ameliorated MPP(+)-induced axon degeneration. Additional experiments suggested that the mechanisms of this miR-133b-mediated effect might rely on RhoA inhibition. We demonstrated that RhoA, an inhibitor of axonal growth, was increased in DNs under MPP(+) treatment, and this increase could be attenuated by miR-133b overexpression. Moreover, we demonstrated that the induced expression of miR-133b could inhibit α-synuclein, which is critically involved in the pathological process of PD. Furthermore, we found that overexpression of miR-133b abrogated the MPP(+)-induced decrease in the Bcl-2/Bax ratio and upregulated phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt), which is a pro-survival kinase. Together these findings reveal novel roles for miR-133b in the pathogenesis of PD and provide new therapeutic avenues for the treatment of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Niu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - R Xu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - J Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - B Hou
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - A Xie
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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