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Morbach C, Moser N, Cejka V, Stach M, Sahiti F, Kerwagen F, Frantz S, Pryss R, Gelbrich G, Heuschmann PU, Störk S. Determinants and reference values of the 6-min walk distance in the general population-results of the population-based STAAB cohort study. Clin Res Cardiol 2024:10.1007/s00392-023-02373-3. [PMID: 38236418 DOI: 10.1007/s00392-023-02373-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
AIMS The 6-min walk test is an inexpensive, safe, and easy tool to assess functional capacity in patients with cardiopulmonary diseases including heart failure (HF). There is a lack of reference values, which are a prerequisite for the interpretation of test results in patients. Furthermore, determinants independent of the respective disease need to be considered when interpreting the 6-min walk distance (6MWD). METHODS The prospective Characteristics and Course of Heart Failure Stages A-B and Determinants of Progression (STAAB) cohort study investigates a representative sample of residents of the City of Würzburg, Germany, aged 30 to 79 years, without a history of HF. Participants underwent detailed clinical and echocardiographic phenotyping as well as a standardized assessment of the 6MWD using a 15-m hallway. RESULTS In a sample of 2762 participants (51% women, mean age 58 ± 11 years), we identified age and height, but not sex, as determinants of the 6MWD. While a worse metabolic profile showed a negative association with the 6MWD, a better systolic and diastolic function showed a positive association with 6MWD. From a subgroup of 681 individuals without any cardiovascular risk factors (60% women, mean age 52 ± 10 years), we computed age- and height-specific reference percentiles. CONCLUSION In a representative sample of the general population free from HF, we identified determinants of the 6MWD implying objective physical fitness associated with metabolic health as well as with cardiac structure and function. Furthermore, we derived reference percentiles applicable when using a 15-m hallway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Morbach
- Department Clinical Research & Epidemiology, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University and University Hospital Würzburg, Am Schwarzenberg 15, 97078, Würzburg, Germany.
- Department Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Am Schwarzenberg 15, 97078, Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Nicola Moser
- Department Clinical Research & Epidemiology, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University and University Hospital Würzburg, Am Schwarzenberg 15, 97078, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Vladimir Cejka
- Department Clinical Research & Epidemiology, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University and University Hospital Würzburg, Am Schwarzenberg 15, 97078, Würzburg, Germany
- Department Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Am Schwarzenberg 15, 97078, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Michael Stach
- Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Floran Sahiti
- Department Clinical Research & Epidemiology, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University and University Hospital Würzburg, Am Schwarzenberg 15, 97078, Würzburg, Germany
- Department Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Am Schwarzenberg 15, 97078, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Fabian Kerwagen
- Department Clinical Research & Epidemiology, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University and University Hospital Würzburg, Am Schwarzenberg 15, 97078, Würzburg, Germany
- Department Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Am Schwarzenberg 15, 97078, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Frantz
- Department Clinical Research & Epidemiology, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University and University Hospital Würzburg, Am Schwarzenberg 15, 97078, Würzburg, Germany
- Department Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Am Schwarzenberg 15, 97078, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Pryss
- Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Götz Gelbrich
- Department Clinical Research & Epidemiology, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University and University Hospital Würzburg, Am Schwarzenberg 15, 97078, Würzburg, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Clinical Trial Center, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Peter U Heuschmann
- Department Clinical Research & Epidemiology, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University and University Hospital Würzburg, Am Schwarzenberg 15, 97078, Würzburg, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Clinical Trial Center, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Störk
- Department Clinical Research & Epidemiology, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University and University Hospital Würzburg, Am Schwarzenberg 15, 97078, Würzburg, Germany
- Department Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Am Schwarzenberg 15, 97078, Würzburg, Germany
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Breitmayer M, Stach M, Kraft R, Allgaier J, Reichert M, Schlee W, Probst T, Langguth B, Pryss R. Predicting the presence of tinnitus using ecological momentary assessments. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8989. [PMID: 37268689 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36172-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Mobile applications have gained popularity in healthcare in recent years. These applications are an increasingly important pillar of public health care, as they open up new possibilities for data collection and can lead to new insights into various diseases and disorders thanks to modern data analysis approaches. In this context, Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) is a commonly used research method that aims to assess phenomena with a focus on ecological validity and to help both the user and the researcher observe these phenomena over time. One phenomenon that benefits from this capability is the chronic condition tinnitus. TrackYourTinnitus (TYT) is an EMA-based mobile crowdsensing platform designed to provide more insight into tinnitus by repeatedly assessing various dimensions of tinnitus, including perception (i.e., perceived presence). Because the presence of tinnitus is the dimension that is of great importance to chronic tinnitus patients and changes over time in many tinnitus patients, we seek to predict the presence of tinnitus based on the not directly related dimensions of mood, stress level, arousal, and concentration level that are captured in TYT. In this work, we analyzed a dataset of 45,935 responses to a harmonized EMA questionnaire using different machine learning techniques. In addition, we considered five different subgroups after consultation with clinicians to further validate our results. Finally, we were able to predict the presence of tinnitus with an accuracy of up to 78% and an AUC of up to 85.7%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Breitmayer
- Institute of Databases and Information Systems, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.
| | - Michael Stach
- Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Robin Kraft
- Institute of Databases and Information Systems, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Johannes Allgaier
- Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Manfred Reichert
- Institute of Databases and Information Systems, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Winfried Schlee
- Institute for Information and Process Management, Eastern Switzerland University of Applied Sciences, St. Gallen, Switzerland
- Clinic and Policlinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Probst
- Department for Psychotherapy and Biopsychosocial Health, Danube University Krems, Krems, Austria
| | - Berthold Langguth
- Clinic and Policlinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Pryss
- Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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Beierle F, Allgaier J, Stupp C, Keil T, Schlee W, Schobel J, Vogel C, Haug F, Haug J, Holfelder M, Langguth B, Langguth J, Riens B, King R, Mulansky L, Schickler M, Stach M, Heuschmann P, Wildner M, Greger H, Reichert M, Kestler HA, Pryss R. Self-Assessment of Having COVID-19 With the Corona Check Mhealth App. IEEE J Biomed Health Inform 2023; PP. [PMID: 37023154 DOI: 10.1109/jbhi.2023.3264999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
At the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, with a lack of knowledge about the novel virus and a lack of widely available tests, getting first feedback about being infected was not easy. To support all citizens in this respect, we developed the mobile health app Corona Check. Based on a self-reported questionnaire about symptoms and contact history, users get first feedback about a possible corona infection and advice on what to do. We developed Corona Check based on our existing software framework and released the app on Google Play and the Apple App Store on April 4, 2020. Until October 30, 2021, we collected 51,323 assessments from 35,118 users with explicit agreement of the users that their anonymized data may be used for research purposes. For 70.6% of the assessments, the users additionally shared their coarse geolocation with us. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to report about such a large-scale study in this context of COVID-19 mHealth systems. Although users from some countries reported more symptoms on average than users from other countries, we did not find any statistically significant differences between symptom distributions (regarding country, age, and sex). Overall, the Corona Check app provided easily accessible information on corona symptoms and showed the potential to help overburdened corona telephone hotlines, especially during the beginning of the pandemic. Corona Check thus was able to support fighting the spread of the novel coronavirus. mHealth apps further prove to be valuable tools for longitudinal health data collection.
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Simon L, Reimann J, Steubl LS, Stach M, Spiegelhalder K, Sander LB, Baumeister H, Messner EM, Terhorst Y. Help for insomnia from the app store? A standardized rating of mobile health applications claiming to target insomnia. J Sleep Res 2023; 32:e13642. [PMID: 35624078 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.13642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A large number of mobile health applications claiming to target insomnia are available in commercial app stores. However, limited information on the quality of these mobile health applications exists. The present study aimed to systematically search the European Google Play and Apple App Store for mobile health applications targeting insomnia, and evaluate the quality, content, evidence base and potential therapeutic benefit. Eligible mobile health applications were evaluated by two independent reviewers using the Mobile Application Rating Scale-German, which ranges from 1 - inadequate to 5 - excellent. Of 2236 identified mobile health applications, 53 were included in this study. Most mobile health applications (68%) had a moderate overall quality. Concerning the four main subscales of the Mobile Application Rating Scale-German, functionality was rated highest (M = 4.01, SD = 0.52), followed by information quality (M = 3.49, SD = 0.72), aesthetics (M = 3.31, SD = 1.04) and engagement (M = 3.02, SD = 1.03). While scientific evidence was identified for 10 mobile health applications (19%), only one study employed a randomized controlled design. Fifty mobile health applications featured sleep hygiene/psychoeducation (94%), 27 cognitive therapy (51%), 26 relaxation methods (49%), 24 stimulus control (45%), 16 sleep restriction (30%) and 24 sleep diaries (45%). Mobile health applications may have the potential to improve the care of insomnia. Yet, data on the effectiveness of mobile health applications are scarce, and this study indicates a large variance in the quality of the mobile health applications. Thus, independent information platforms are needed to provide healthcare seekers and providers with reliable information on the quality and content of mobile health applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Simon
- Institute of Psychology and Education, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Josephin Reimann
- Institute of Psychology and Education, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Lena Sophia Steubl
- Institute of Psychology and Education, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Michael Stach
- Institute of Databases and Information Systems, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Kai Spiegelhalder
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lasse Bosse Sander
- Institute of Psychology, Department of Rehabilitation Psychology and Psychotherapy, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Harald Baumeister
- Institute of Psychology and Education, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Eva-Maria Messner
- Institute of Psychology and Education, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Yannik Terhorst
- Institute of Psychology and Education, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
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5
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Messner EM, Sturm N, Terhorst Y, Sander LB, Schultchen D, Portenhauser A, Schmidbaur S, Stach M, Klaus J, Baumeister H, Walter BM. Mobile Apps for the Management of Gastrointestinal Diseases: Systematic Search and Evaluation Within App Stores. J Med Internet Res 2022; 24:e37497. [PMID: 36197717 PMCID: PMC9582913 DOI: 10.2196/37497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gastrointestinal diseases are associated with substantial cost in health care. In times of the COVID-19 pandemic and further digitalization of gastrointestinal tract health care, mobile health apps could complement routine health care. Many gastrointestinal health care apps are already available in the app stores, but the quality, data protection, and reliability often remain unclear. Objective This systematic review aimed to evaluate the quality characteristics as well as the privacy and security measures of mobile health apps for the management of gastrointestinal diseases. Methods A web crawler systematically searched for mobile health apps with a focus on gastrointestinal diseases. The identified mobile health apps were evaluated using the Mobile Application Rating Scale (MARS). Furthermore, app characteristics, data protection, and security measures were collected. Classic user star rating was correlated with overall mobile health app quality. Results The overall quality of the mobile health apps (N=109) was moderate (mean 2.90, SD 0.52; on a scale ranging from 1 to 5). The quality of the subscales ranged from low (mean 1.89, SD 0.66) to good (mean 4.08, SD 0.57). The security of data transfer was ensured only by 11 (10.1%) mobile health apps. None of the mobile health apps had an evidence base. The user star rating did not correlate with the MARS overall score or with the individual subdimensions of the MARS (all P>.05). Conclusions Mobile health apps might have a positive impact on diagnosis, therapy, and patient guidance in gastroenterology in the future. We conclude that, to date, data security and proof of efficacy are not yet given in currently available mobile health apps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva-Maria Messner
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology and Education, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Niklas Sturm
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Yannik Terhorst
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology and Education, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.,Department of Research Methods, Institute of Psychology and Education, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Lasse B Sander
- Department of Rehabilitation Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg at Breisgau, Germany
| | - Dana Schultchen
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Alexandra Portenhauser
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology and Education, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Simone Schmidbaur
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Michael Stach
- Institute of Databases and Information Systems, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jochen Klaus
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Harald Baumeister
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology and Education, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Benjamin M Walter
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
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Mack C, Terhorst Y, Stephan M, Baumeister H, Stach M, Messner EM, Bengel J, Sander LB. "Help in a Heartbeat?": A Systematic Evaluation of Mobile Health Applications (Apps) for Coronary Heart Disease. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:10323. [PMID: 34639623 PMCID: PMC8508430 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph181910323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
For patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) lifestyle changes and disease management are key aspects of treatment that could be facilitated by mobile health applications (MHA). However, the quality and functions of MHA for CHD are largely unknown, since reviews are missing. Therefore, this study assessed the general characteristics, quality, and functions of MHA for CHD. Hereby, the Google Play and Apple App stores were systematically searched using a web crawler. The general characteristics and quality of MHA were rated with the Mobile Application Rating Scale (MARS) by two independent raters. From 3078 identified MHA, 38 met the pre-defined criteria and were included in the assessment. Most MHA were affiliated with commercial companies (52.63%) and lacked an evidence-base. An overall average quality of MHA (M = 3.38, SD = 0.36) was found with deficiencies in information quality and engagement. The most common functions were provision of information and CHD risk score calculators. Further functions included reminders (e.g., for medication or exercises), feedback, and health management support. Most MHA (81.58%) had one or two functions and MHA with more features had mostly higher MARS ratings. In summary, this review demonstrated that a number of potentially helpful MHA for patients with CHD are commercially available. However, there is a lack of scientific evidence documenting their usability and clinical potential. Since it is difficult for patients and healthcare providers to find suitable and high-quality MHA, databases with professionally reviewed MHA are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Mack
- Department of Rehabilitation Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, 79085 Freiburg, Germany; (C.M.); (M.S.); (J.B.)
| | - Yannik Terhorst
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, 89040 Ulm, Germany; (Y.T.); (H.B.); (E.-M.M.)
| | - Mirjam Stephan
- Department of Rehabilitation Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, 79085 Freiburg, Germany; (C.M.); (M.S.); (J.B.)
| | - Harald Baumeister
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, 89040 Ulm, Germany; (Y.T.); (H.B.); (E.-M.M.)
| | - Michael Stach
- Institute of Databases and Information Systems, Ulm University, 89040 Ulm, Germany;
| | - Eva-Maria Messner
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, 89040 Ulm, Germany; (Y.T.); (H.B.); (E.-M.M.)
| | - Jürgen Bengel
- Department of Rehabilitation Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, 79085 Freiburg, Germany; (C.M.); (M.S.); (J.B.)
| | - Lasse B. Sander
- Department of Rehabilitation Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, 79085 Freiburg, Germany; (C.M.); (M.S.); (J.B.)
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Beierle F, Schobel J, Vogel C, Allgaier J, Mulansky L, Haug F, Haug J, Schlee W, Holfelder M, Stach M, Schickler M, Baumeister H, Cohrdes C, Deckert J, Deserno L, Edler JS, Eichner FA, Greger H, Hein G, Heuschmann P, John D, Kestler HA, Krefting D, Langguth B, Meybohm P, Probst T, Reichert M, Romanos M, Störk S, Terhorst Y, Weiß M, Pryss R. Corona Health-A Study- and Sensor-Based Mobile App Platform Exploring Aspects of the COVID-19 Pandemic. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph18147395. [PMID: 34299846 PMCID: PMC8303497 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18147395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Physical and mental well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic is typically assessed via surveys, which might make it difficult to conduct longitudinal studies and might lead to data suffering from recall bias. Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) driven smartphone apps can help alleviate such issues, allowing for in situ recordings. Implementing such an app is not trivial, necessitates strict regulatory and legal requirements, and requires short development cycles to appropriately react to abrupt changes in the pandemic. Based on an existing app framework, we developed Corona Health, an app that serves as a platform for deploying questionnaire-based studies in combination with recordings of mobile sensors. In this paper, we present the technical details of Corona Health and provide first insights into the collected data. Through collaborative efforts from experts from public health, medicine, psychology, and computer science, we released Corona Health publicly on Google Play and the Apple App Store (in July 2020) in eight languages and attracted 7290 installations so far. Currently, five studies related to physical and mental well-being are deployed and 17,241 questionnaires have been filled out. Corona Health proves to be a viable tool for conducting research related to the COVID-19 pandemic and can serve as a blueprint for future EMA-based studies. The data we collected will substantially improve our knowledge on mental and physical health states, traits and trajectories as well as its risk and protective factors over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic and its diverse prevention measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Beierle
- Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; (C.V.); (J.A.); (L.M.); (J.H.); (F.A.E.); (P.H.); (R.P.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Johannes Schobel
- DigiHealth Institute, Neu-Ulm University of Applied Sciences, 89231 Neu-Ulm, Germany;
| | - Carsten Vogel
- Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; (C.V.); (J.A.); (L.M.); (J.H.); (F.A.E.); (P.H.); (R.P.)
| | - Johannes Allgaier
- Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; (C.V.); (J.A.); (L.M.); (J.H.); (F.A.E.); (P.H.); (R.P.)
| | - Lena Mulansky
- Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; (C.V.); (J.A.); (L.M.); (J.H.); (F.A.E.); (P.H.); (R.P.)
| | - Fabian Haug
- Institute of Databases and Information Systems, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (F.H.); (M.S.); (M.S.); (M.R.)
| | - Julian Haug
- Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; (C.V.); (J.A.); (L.M.); (J.H.); (F.A.E.); (P.H.); (R.P.)
| | - Winfried Schlee
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (W.S.); (B.L.)
| | | | - Michael Stach
- Institute of Databases and Information Systems, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (F.H.); (M.S.); (M.S.); (M.R.)
| | - Marc Schickler
- Institute of Databases and Information Systems, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (F.H.); (M.S.); (M.S.); (M.R.)
| | - Harald Baumeister
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (H.B.); (Y.T.)
| | - Caroline Cohrdes
- Mental Health Research Unit, Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, 12101 Berlin, Germany; (C.C.); (J.-S.E.)
| | - Jürgen Deckert
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Center of Mental Health, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; (J.D.); (G.H.); (M.W.)
| | - Lorenz Deserno
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; (L.D.); (M.R.)
| | - Johanna-Sophie Edler
- Mental Health Research Unit, Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, 12101 Berlin, Germany; (C.C.); (J.-S.E.)
| | - Felizitas A. Eichner
- Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; (C.V.); (J.A.); (L.M.); (J.H.); (F.A.E.); (P.H.); (R.P.)
| | - Helmut Greger
- Service Center Medical Informatics, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany;
| | - Grit Hein
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Center of Mental Health, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; (J.D.); (G.H.); (M.W.)
| | - Peter Heuschmann
- Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; (C.V.); (J.A.); (L.M.); (J.H.); (F.A.E.); (P.H.); (R.P.)
| | - Dennis John
- Lutheran University of Applied Sciences Nürnberg, 90429 Nürnberg, Germany;
| | - Hans A. Kestler
- Institute of Medical Systems Biology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany;
| | - Dagmar Krefting
- Department of Medical Informatics, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany;
| | - Berthold Langguth
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (W.S.); (B.L.)
| | - Patrick Meybohm
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany;
| | - Thomas Probst
- Department for Psychotherapy and Biopsychosocial Health, Danube University Krems, 3500 Krems, Austria;
| | - Manfred Reichert
- Institute of Databases and Information Systems, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (F.H.); (M.S.); (M.S.); (M.R.)
| | - Marcel Romanos
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; (L.D.); (M.R.)
| | - Stefan Störk
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University and University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany;
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Yannik Terhorst
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany; (H.B.); (Y.T.)
| | - Martin Weiß
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Center of Mental Health, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; (J.D.); (G.H.); (M.W.)
| | - Rüdiger Pryss
- Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; (C.V.); (J.A.); (L.M.); (J.H.); (F.A.E.); (P.H.); (R.P.)
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Portenhauser AA, Terhorst Y, Schultchen D, Sander LB, Denkinger MD, Stach M, Waldherr N, Dallmeier D, Baumeister H, Messner EM. Mobile Apps for Older Adults: Systematic Search and Evaluation Within Online Stores. JMIR Aging 2021; 4:e23313. [PMID: 33605884 PMCID: PMC8081158 DOI: 10.2196/23313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Through the increasingly aging population, the health care system is confronted with various challenges such as expanding health care costs. To manage these challenges, mobile apps may represent a cost-effective and low-threshold approach to support older adults. Objective This systematic review aimed to evaluate the quality, characteristics, as well as privacy and security measures of mobile apps for older adults in the European commercial app stores. Methods In the European Google Play and App Store, a web crawler systematically searched for mobile apps for older adults. The identified mobile apps were evaluated by two independent reviewers using the German version of the Mobile Application Rating Scale. A correlation between the user star rating and overall rating was calculated. An exploratory regression analysis was conducted to determine whether the obligation to pay fees predicted overall quality. Results In total, 83 of 1217 identified mobile apps were included in the analysis. Generally, the mobile apps for older adults were of moderate quality (mean 3.22 [SD 0.68]). Four mobile apps (5%) were evidence-based; 49% (41/83) had no security measures. The user star rating correlated significantly positively with the overall rating (r=.30, P=.01). Obligation to pay fees could not predict overall quality. Conclusions There is an extensive quality range within mobile apps for older adults, indicating deficits in terms of information quality, data protection, and security precautions, as well as a lack of evidence-based approaches. Central databases are needed to identify high-quality mobile apps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra A Portenhauser
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology and Education, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Yannik Terhorst
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology and Education, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.,Department of Psychological Research Methods, Institute of Psychology and Education, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Dana Schultchen
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Lasse B Sander
- Department of Rehabilitation Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Michael D Denkinger
- Agaplesion Bethesda Clinic, Geriatric Research, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Michael Stach
- Institute of Databases and Information Systems, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Natalie Waldherr
- Agaplesion Bethesda Clinic, Geriatric Research, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Dhayana Dallmeier
- Agaplesion Bethesda Clinic, Geriatric Research, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.,Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Harald Baumeister
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology and Education, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Eva-Maria Messner
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology and Education, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
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9
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Herrera-Rivero M, Stoll M, Hegenbarth JC, Rühle F, Limperger V, Junker R, Franke A, Hoffmann P, Shneyder M, Stach M, Nowak-Göttl U. Single- and Multimarker Genome-Wide Scans Evidence Novel Genetic Risk Modifiers for Venous Thromboembolism. Thromb Haemost 2021; 121:1169-1180. [PMID: 33592630 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1723988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Previous genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have established several susceptibility genes for venous thromboembolism (VTE) and suggested many others. However, a large proportion of the genetic variance in VTE remains unexplained. Here, we report genome-wide single- and multimarker as well as gene-level associations with VTE in 964 cases and 899 healthy controls of European ancestry. We report 19 loci at the genome-wide level of association (p ≤ 5 × 10-8). Our results add to the strong support for the association of genetic variants in F5, NME7, ABO, and FGA with VTE, and identify several loci that have not been previously associated with VTE. Altogether, our novel findings suggest that 20 susceptibility genes for VTE were newly discovered by our study. These genes may impact the production and prothrombotic functions of platelets, endothelial cells, and white and red blood cells. Moreover, the majority of these genes have been previously associated with cardiovascular diseases and/or risk factors for VTE. Future studies are warranted to validate our findings and to investigate the shared genetic architecture with susceptibility factors for other cardiovascular diseases impacting VTE risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisol Herrera-Rivero
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, Institute of Human Genetics, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Monika Stoll
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, Institute of Human Genetics, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.,Department of Biochemistry, Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jana-Charlotte Hegenbarth
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, Institute of Human Genetics, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Frank Rühle
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, Institute of Human Genetics, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Verena Limperger
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Coagulation Center, University Hospital Schleswig Holstein, Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ralf Junker
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Coagulation Center, University Hospital Schleswig Holstein, Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - André Franke
- Institute for Clinical Molecular Biology, University Hospital Schleswig Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Per Hoffmann
- Life and Brain Research Centre, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Maria Shneyder
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Coagulation Center, University Hospital Schleswig Holstein, Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Michael Stach
- IT Service Centre, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Ulrike Nowak-Göttl
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Coagulation Center, University Hospital Schleswig Holstein, Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
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10
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Schultchen D, Terhorst Y, Holderied T, Stach M, Messner EM, Baumeister H, Sander LB. Stay Present with Your Phone: A Systematic Review and Standardized Rating of Mindfulness Apps in European App Stores. Int J Behav Med 2020; 28:552-560. [PMID: 33215348 PMCID: PMC8384800 DOI: 10.1007/s12529-020-09944-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mindfulness-based interventions show positive effects on physical and mental health. For a better integration of mindfulness techniques in daily life, the use of apps may be promising. However, only a few studies have examined the quality of mindfulness apps using a validated standardized instrument. This review aims to evaluate the content, quality, and privacy features of mindfulness-focused apps from European commercial app stores. METHODS An automated search engine (webcrawler) was used to identify mindfulness-focused apps in the European Apple App- and Google Play store. Content, quality, and privacy features were evaluated by two independent reviewers using the Mobile Application Rating Scale (MARS). The MARS assesses the subscales engagement, functionality, aesthetics, and information quality. RESULTS Out of 605 identified apps, 192 met the inclusion criteria. The overall quality was moderate (M = 3.66, SD = 0.48). Seven apps were tested in a randomized controlled trial (RCT). Most of the apps showed a lack of data security and no privacy policy. The five apps with the highest ratings are from a credible source, include a privacy policy, and are also based on standardized mindfulness and behavior change techniques. CONCLUSIONS The plethora of often low-quality apps in commercial app stores makes it difficult for users to identify a suitable app. Above that, the lack of scientific verification of effectiveness and shortcomings in privacy protection and security poses potential risks. So far, the potential of mindfulness-focused apps is not exploited in commercial app stores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Schultchen
- Clinical and Health Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 41, Ulm, Germany.
| | - Yannik Terhorst
- Research Methods, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 47, Ulm, Germany.,Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 47, Ulm, Germany
| | - Tanja Holderied
- Clinical and Health Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 41, Ulm, Germany
| | - Michael Stach
- Institute of Databases and Information Systems, Ulm University, James-Franck-Ring, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Eva-Maria Messner
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 47, Ulm, Germany
| | - Harald Baumeister
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 47, Ulm, Germany
| | - Lasse B Sander
- Institute of Psychology, Department of Rehabilitation Psychology and Psychotherapy, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Engelbersger Str. 41, 79085, Freiburg, Germany
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11
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Mehdi M, Stach M, Riha C, Neff P, Dode A, Pryss R, Schlee W, Reichert M, Hauck FJ. Smartphone and Mobile Health Apps for Tinnitus: Systematic Identification, Analysis, and Assessment. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2020; 8:e21767. [PMID: 32808939 PMCID: PMC7463412 DOI: 10.2196/21767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Modern smartphones contain sophisticated high-end hardware features, offering high computational capabilities at extremely manageable costs and have undoubtedly become an integral part in users' daily life. Additionally, smartphones offer a well-established ecosystem that is easily discoverable and accessible via the marketplaces of differing mobile platforms, thus encouraging the development of many smartphone apps. Such apps are not exclusively used for entertainment purposes but are also commonplace in health care and medical use. A variety of those health and medical apps exist within the context of tinnitus, a phantom sound perception in the absence of any physical external source. Objective In this paper, we shed light on existing smartphone apps addressing tinnitus by providing an up-to-date overview. Methods Based on PRISMA guidelines, we systematically searched and identified existing smartphone apps on the most prominent app markets, namely Google Play Store and Apple App Store. In addition, we applied the Mobile App Rating Scale (MARS) to evaluate and assess the apps in terms of their general quality and in-depth user experience. Results Our systematic search and screening of smartphone apps yielded a total of 34 apps (34 Android apps, 26 iOS apps). The mean MARS scores (out of 5) ranged between 2.65-4.60. The Tinnitus Peace smartphone app had the lowest score (mean 2.65, SD 0.20), and Sanvello—Stress and Anxiety Help had the highest MARS score (mean 4.60, SD 0.10). The interrater agreement was substantial (Fleiss κ=0.74), the internal consistency was excellent (Cronbach α=.95), and the interrater reliability was found to be both high and excellent—Guttman λ6=0.94 and intraclass correlation, ICC(2,k) 0.94 (95% CI 0.91-0.97), respectively. Conclusions This work demonstrated that there exists a plethora of smartphone apps for tinnitus. All of the apps received MARS scores higher than 2, suggesting that they all have some technical functional value. However, nearly all identified apps were lacking in terms of scientific evidence, suggesting the need for stringent clinical validation of smartphone apps in future. To the best of our knowledge, this work is the first to systematically identify and evaluate smartphone apps within the context of tinnitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muntazir Mehdi
- Institute of Distributed Systems, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Michael Stach
- Institute of Databases and Information Systems, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Constanze Riha
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Neff
- Clinic and Policlinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Regensburg, Germany.,URPP Dynamics of Healthy Aging, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Albi Dode
- Institute of Databases and Information Systems, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Pryss
- Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Winfried Schlee
- Clinic and Policlinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Manfred Reichert
- Institute of Databases and Information Systems, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Franz J Hauck
- Institute of Distributed Systems, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
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12
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Kraft R, Schlee W, Stach M, Reichert M, Langguth B, Baumeister H, Probst T, Hannemann R, Pryss R. Combining Mobile Crowdsensing and Ecological Momentary Assessments in the Healthcare Domain. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:164. [PMID: 32184708 PMCID: PMC7058696 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of smart mobile devices (e.g., smartphones) enables the combined use of mobile crowdsensing (MCS) and ecological momentary assessments (EMA) in the healthcare domain. By correlating qualitative longitudinal and ecologically valid EMA assessment data sets with sensor measurements in mobile apps, new valuable insights about patients (e.g., humans who suffer from chronic diseases) can be gained. However, there are numerous conceptual, architectural and technical, as well as legal challenges when implementing a respective software solution. Therefore, the work at hand (1) identifies these challenges, (2) derives respective recommendations, and (3) proposes a reference architecture for a MCS-EMA-platform addressing the defined recommendations. The required insights to propose the reference architecture were gained in several large-scale mHealth crowdsensing studies running for many years and different healthcare questions. To mention only two examples, we are running crowdsensing studies on questions for the tinnitus chronic disorder or psychological stress. We consider the proposed reference architecture and the identified challenges and recommendations as a contribution in two respects. First, they enable other researchers to align our practical studies with a baseline setting that can satisfy the variously revealed insights. Second, they are a proper basis to better compare data that was gathered using MCS and EMA. In addition, the combined use of MCS and EMA increasingly requires suitable architectures and associated digital solutions for the healthcare domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Kraft
- Institute of Databases and Information Systems, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.,Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Winfried Schlee
- Clinic and Policlinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Michael Stach
- Institute of Databases and Information Systems, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Manfred Reichert
- Institute of Databases and Information Systems, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Berthold Langguth
- Clinic and Policlinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Harald Baumeister
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Thomas Probst
- Department for Psychotherapy and Biopsychosocial Health, Danube University Krems, Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | | | - Rüdiger Pryss
- Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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13
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Probst T, Pryss RC, Langguth B, Spiliopoulou M, Landgrebe M, Vesala M, Harrison S, Schobel J, Reichert M, Stach M, Schlee W. Outpatient Tinnitus Clinic, Self-Help Web Platform, or Mobile Application to Recruit Tinnitus Study Samples? Front Aging Neurosci 2017; 9:113. [PMID: 28484389 PMCID: PMC5399071 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2017.00113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
For understanding the heterogeneity of tinnitus, large samples are required. However, investigations on how samples recruited by different methods differ from each other are lacking. In the present study, three large samples each recruited by different means were compared: N = 5017 individuals registered at a self-help web platform for tinnitus (crowdsourcing platform Tinnitus Talk), N = 867 users of a smart mobile application for tinnitus (crowdsensing platform TrackYourTinnitus), and N = 3786 patients contacting an outpatient tinnitus clinic (Tinnitus Center of the University Hospital Regensburg). The three samples were compared regarding age, gender, and duration of tinnitus (month or years perceiving tinnitus; subjective report) using chi-squared tests. The three samples significantly differed from each other in age, gender and tinnitus duration (p < 0.05). Users of the TrackYourTinnitus crowdsensing platform were younger, users of the Tinnitus Talk crowdsourcing platform had more often female gender, and users of both newer technologies (crowdsourcing and crowdsensing) had more frequently acute/subacute tinnitus (<3 months and 4–6 months) as well as a very long tinnitus duration (>20 years). The implications of these findings for clinical research are that newer technologies such as crowdsourcing and crowdsensing platforms offer the possibility to reach individuals hard to get in contact with at an outpatient tinnitus clinic. Depending on the aims and the inclusion/exclusion criteria of a given study, different recruiting strategies (clinic and/or newer technologies) offer different advantages and disadvantages. In general, the representativeness of study results might be increased when tinnitus study samples are recruited in the clinic as well as via crowdsourcing and crowdsensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Probst
- Georg-Elias-Müller Institute for Psychology, Georg-August University GöttingenGöttingen, Germany.,Institute of Databases and Information Systems, Ulm UniversityUlm, Germany
| | - Rüdiger C Pryss
- Institute of Databases and Information Systems, Ulm UniversityUlm, Germany
| | - Berthold Langguth
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy of the University of Regensburg at Bezirksklinikum Regensburg, University of RegensburgRegensburg, Germany
| | - Myra Spiliopoulou
- Department of Technical and Business Information Systems, Otto-von-Guericke-University MagdeburgMagdeburg, Germany
| | - Michael Landgrebe
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy of the University of Regensburg at Bezirksklinikum Regensburg, University of RegensburgRegensburg, Germany.,Clinic Lech-MangfallAgatharied, Germany
| | | | | | - Johannes Schobel
- Institute of Databases and Information Systems, Ulm UniversityUlm, Germany
| | - Manfred Reichert
- Institute of Databases and Information Systems, Ulm UniversityUlm, Germany
| | - Michael Stach
- Institute of Databases and Information Systems, Ulm UniversityUlm, Germany
| | - Winfried Schlee
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy of the University of Regensburg at Bezirksklinikum Regensburg, University of RegensburgRegensburg, Germany
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14
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Limperger V, Kenet G, Goldenberg NA, Heller C, Holzhauer S, Junker R, Klostermeier UC, Knoefler R, Kurnik K, Krümpel A, Mesters R, Stach M, Young G, Nowak-Göttl U. Impact of high-risk thrombophilia status on recurrence among children with a first non-central-venous-catheter-associated VTE: an observational multicentre cohort study. Br J Haematol 2016; 175:133-40. [PMID: 27329967 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.14192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Deficiency of antithrombin (AT), protein C (PC) or protein S (PS) constitutes a major risk factor for venous thromboembolism (VTE). Individuals at high risk for recurrence who benefit from screening need to be identified. The primary study objective was to determine the individual recurrence risk among children with a first non-central-venous-catheter-associated VTE with respect to their thrombophilia status and to evaluate if the clinical presentation at first VTE onset differs between children with AT, PC or PS deficiency versus no thrombophilia. We calculated the absolute risk of VTE recurrence and event-free-survival adjusted for thrombophilia, age, sex and positive family VTE history in 161 consecutively enrolled paediatric VTE patients. The presence of a deficiency relative to no thrombophilia was evaluated as a potential predictor of recurrence. Predictors for recurrence were AT deficiency (hazard ratio/95% CI: 6·5/2·46-17·2) and female gender (2·6/1·1-6·35). The annual recurrence rates (95% CIs) were 5·4% (2·6-10) in AT-deficient children, 1·3% (0·3-3·8) in patients with PC deficiency, 0·7% (0·08-2·4) in the PS-deficient cohort and 0·9% (0·4-1·8) in patients with no thrombophilia. Positive family VTE history or combined thrombophilias did not predict recurrence. Given the overall annual incidence rate of recurrence of 1·5% we suggest screening for AT deficiency in children with VTE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Limperger
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Gili Kenet
- Thrombosis Unit, National Haemophilia Centre, Tel Hashomer and the Sackler Medical School, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Neil A Goldenberg
- All Children's Hospital Johns Hopkins Medicine and All Children's Research Institute, St. Petersburg, FL, USA.,Division of Hematology, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Susanne Holzhauer
- Department of Paediatric Haematology/Oncology, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralf Junker
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Ralf Knoefler
- Department of Paediatric Haemostaseology, Dresden, Germany
| | - Karin Kurnik
- Department of Paediatrics, University Children Hospital Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Anne Krümpel
- Department of Paediatric Haematology/Oncology, University Children Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Rolf Mesters
- Department of Medicine/Haematology & Oncology, Univ. Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Michael Stach
- IT Service Centre, University Hospital of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Guy Young
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ulrike Nowak-Göttl
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Kiel, Kiel, Germany. .,Department of Paediatric Haematology/Oncology, University Children Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany.
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15
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous studies of the microvascular bed of the rat inner ear showed vascular constriction after i.v. application of endothelin-1 (ET-1). Luminal narrowing together with multiple circumscribed constrictions were observed on vascular corrosion casts of initial and small calibre veins. These constrictions were interpreted as being caused by contractile cytoplasmic fibrils, most probably of pericytes; pericytes reportedly respond to ET-1 and the frequency, distribution and dimension of pericytes and their cytoplasmic processes closely corresponded to the constrictions observed. In the present study we analysed the distribution of actin and myosin in order to directly show the presence of contractile cytoplasmic fibrils. MATERIAL AND METHODS We performed standard immunostaining for actin, smooth muscle actin, smooth muscle myosin and tropomyosin in the cochlea. We used different fixation protocols (methacarn, neutral formalin, Bouin's fluid) and compared observations in two species (rat and guinea pig). RESULTS Immunohistochemistry confirmed the presence of contractile cytoplasmic fibrils in cochlear pericytes and vascular smooth muscle cells. Microvessels in the cochlea were much better provided with contractile fibrils in rats compared to guinea pigs. The distribution of contractile fibrils in rats corresponded well to the luminal constrictions observed on vascular corrosion casts. CONCLUSIONS Our results support the assumption that active myofibrillar contraction (in response to ET-1 stimulation of pericytes) causes luminal constriction in cochlear microvessels. Contraction of myofibrils can be influenced by intrinsic or extrinsic agents, which offers new therapeutic regimens to govern cochlear blood flow. As the frequency of contractile cells on cochlear microvessels varied with the species studied, evaluation of human material will be the next step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Franz
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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16
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Mortensen N, Stach M, Broeng J, Petersson A, Simonsen H, Michalzik R. Multi-mode photonic crystal fibers for VCSEL based data transmission. Opt Express 2003; 11:1953-1959. [PMID: 19466080 DOI: 10.1364/oe.11.001953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Quasi error-free 10Gbit/s data transmission is demonstrated over a novel type of 50 microm core diameter photonic crystal fi ber with as much as 100m length. Combined with 850 nm VCSEL sources, this fi ber is an attractive alternative to graded-index multi-mode fi bers for datacom applications. A comparison to numerical simulations suggests that the high bit-rate may be partly explained by inter-modal diffusion.
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17
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Franz P, Hauser-Kronberger C, Egerbacher M, Böck P, Stach M, Quint C, Aharinejad S. Localization of endothelin-1 and endothelin-3 in the cochlea. Acta Otolaryngol 1997; 117:358-62. [PMID: 9199521 DOI: 10.3109/00016489709113407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The distribution of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and endothelin-3 (ET-3) was studied by indirect immunostaining of decalcified guinea pig and rat cochleae. No species differences were observed. Perikarya and processes of spiral ganglion cells were highly reactive for both ET-1 and ET-3. The epithelial lining of the cochlear duct stained for ET-1 and ET-3, but reactivity for ET-1 was higher in the lining cells of the inner sulcus, Claudius', and Hensen's cells, while the tympanic covering layer of the basilar membrane stained stronger for ET-3 compared to ET-1. In the stria vascularis, all cell types stained for ET-3, while marginal cells were more reactive for ET-1. Spiral ligament fibroblasts were reactive for ET-1, but not for ET-3. Connective tissue cells of the spiral limbus stained for both endothelins. The region of synapses on outer hair cells reacted for ET-1 and ET-3 but sensory cells remained unstained. Endothelins are discussed to act as modulatory peptides, possibly interfering with nitric oxide, prostaglandins, and atrial natriuretic peptide in the lateral cochlear wall (lateral cochlear wall, i.e. stria vascularis and spiral ligament). The occurrence of endothelins in cochlear neurons suggest their potential role as neurotransmitters.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Franz
- ENT Department, University of Vienna, Austria
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18
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Walter H, Stach M, Singh IP, Bhasin MK. Transferrin subtypes in four Northwest Indian tribal populations and some remarks on the anthropological value of this new polymorphism. Am J Phys Anthropol 1983; 61:423-8. [PMID: 6624886 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.1330610404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Serum samples from four tribal Populations--Chaudhuri, Kotwalia, Vasava, Gamit-living in Gujarat (Northwest India) were tested for transferrin subtypes. The results are compared with those reported for other Indian populations. Reviewing all the hitherto published Tf subtype data some interesting racial differences in the distribution of gene frequencies emerge. A possible geographical distribution pattern of the variants is explored.
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